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Witti-Buch1 2001.Qxd Beiträge der Österreichischen Ludwig Wittgenstein Gesellschaft Contributions of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society Editorial Board Elisabeth Leinfellner Rudolf Haller of Philosophy and the Future Wittgenstein A Reassessment afterYears 50 Werner Leinfellner Klaus Puhl Paul Weingartner der Philosophie und die Zukunft Wittgenstein Eine Neubewertung nach 50 Jahren 1 Volume IX (1) Band IX (1) 1 Wittgenstein und die Zukunft der Philosophie Eine Neubewertung nach 50 Jahren Beiträge des 24. Internationalen Wittgenstein Symposiums 12. - 18. August 2001 Kirchberg am Wechsel Band IX (1) Herausgeber Rudolf Haller Klaus Puhl Gedruckt mit Unterstützung der Abteilung Kultur und Wissenschaft des Amtes der NÖ Landesregierung Kirchberg am Wechsel, 2001 Österreichische Ludwig Wittgenstein Gesellschaft 2 Wittgenstein and the Future of Philosophy A Reassessment after 50 Years Papers of the 24th International Wittgenstein Symposium August 12 - 18, 2001 Kirchberg am Wechsel Volume IX (1) Editors Rudolf Haller Klaus Puhl Printed in cooperation with the Department for Culture and Science of the County of Lower Austria Kirchberg am Wechsel, 2001 Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society 3 Distributors Die Österreichische Ludwig Wittgenstein Gesellschaft The Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society Markt 63, A-2880 Kirchberg am Wechsel Österreich/Austria ISSN 1022-3398 All Rights Reserved Copyright © 2001 by the authors No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, and informational storage and retrieval systems without written permission from the copyright owner. Visuelle Gestaltung: Georg Lohmer (Entwurf des Grundlayout), Katja Hartmann (Layout Assistent), Sascha Windholz (Gesamtleitung Grafik), Oliver Zoihsl (Generallayout) Der Band ist gesetzt in den Schriften Arial und Times New Roman Druck: Copy 11, 1110 Wien 4 Inhalt / Contents Thoughts of the Tractatus: Mentalism vs. Non-Mentalism 13 Maija Aalto Post-Classical Logic? 22 Andrew Aberdein Wittgenstein's Lecture on Ethics and French Anthropological Tradition 29 Luiz Abreu Wittgenstein's Philosophy Throughout the Corners of Brazil 36 Norberto Abreu-e-Silva Neto Aktenvermerk: Betriebsunfall "Wittgenstein, Ludwig" 44 Ulrich Arnswald Transforming Transcendental Philosophy: the Later Wittgenstein and Kant on Understanding and Grammar 53 Roxana Baiasu Metaphors: Concept-Family in Context 60 Marina Bakalova, Theodor Kujumdjieff "Le style c'est l'homme même?" Anmerkungen zu Wittgensteins Reflexionen über den "Stil" 65 Ulrike Bardt Wittgenstein, Language - Games, and Religion 72 Archana Barua Wittgenstein and the Kantian Critical Method 89 Marco Bastianelli 5 Why study Wittgenstein's diagrams? 95 Michael Biggs Therapie oder Täuschung Vom unterschiedlichen Umgang mit dem Leser bei Ludwig Wittgenstein und Fritz Mauthner 101 Andrea Birk The Concept of Logic in Wittgenstein's Tractatus 108 Andreas Blank Does It Pay To Be A Philosopher? 113 Peter F. Bloemendaal Wittgenstein's Criticism of Russell's Distinction Between Pure and Applied Logic 119 Edgar C. Boedeker, Jr. Filling Out the Picture: Wittgenstein on Difference and Alterity 125 Tracy Bowell Wittgenstein and Spengler 131 Kevin M. Cahill A Note On Self-Reference In The Language 137 Andrei Camyshev Ist die Logik transzendental gültig? Wittgensteins Tractatus und der sprachliche Behaviorismus 141 Arkadiusz Chrudzimski Subjectivity Reconsidered: Wittgenstein on the Autonomy of "Inner Space" 149 Michele Contel Logical Dependence and Independence in the Tractatus 155 Fabrice Correia 6 Time and Language in the Transitional Period 162 Joao Vergilio Gallerani Cuter Self-Identification and Some Versions of the Dream-Argument 167 Tadeusz Czarnecki On Remarks on Colour 173 João Carlos Salles Pires da Silva Tacit Element in Lebensform 178 Rasa Davidaviciene Wittgenstein's Philosophy of Mathematics and the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence 184 Boudewijn de Bruin Moral Rights and Conflicts 190 Barbara de Mori What Cannot Be Spoken Of 196 Czeslaw Dmochowski Wittgenstein und die österreichische experimentelle Poesie 201 Thomas Eder Certain Beyond all Reasonable Doubt - Wittgensteins Narratives Modell des Wissens 212 Claudia Fahrenwald The Imagination's Piano In Wittgenstein's Philosophische Untersuchungen 218 Luis Flores H. Spiele als Algebra 224 André U. Frank Are Elementary Propositions Essentially Positive? 240 Fu-tseng Liu 7 Wittgenstein's Private Language Arguments 245 Brian Garrett What Wittgenstein Can Teach Literary Theory 251 John Gibson Wittgenstein and the philosophy of punishment 257 Virginia M. Giouli "Entwickelten die Flöhe einen Ritus, er würde sich auf den Hund beziehen" - Wittgenstein über das Verstehen und die Inkommensurabilität fremder Denk- und Lebensformen 263 Thomas Göller Zeigt Uns Wittgenstein Einen Ausweg Aus Dem Fliegenglas? 275 Rainer Gottlob Wittgenstein, Freud and the Therapy of Language: Recognizing the Perspicuous or Constructing Mythologies? 282 Marie Guillot How Do I Know That The Colour That I Am Now Seeing Is Called "Green"? 288 Martin Gustafsson Can we change the past? 295 Adrian Haddock Zur Gesetzmäßigkeit und materialen Notwendigkeit von Versprechen 300 Ruth Hagengruber Theory versus Understanding in Psychotherapy 306 John M. Heaton Wittgenstein's Missing Map 312 Wasfi A. Hijab 8 Wittgenstein's Metaphilosophical Development 319 Paul Horwich The World as We See it A Late-Wittgensteinian Argument for Direct Realism 326 Wolfgang Huemer Shame and Cognitivism 332 Phil Hutchinson 'Description Alone' and the Future of Philosophy 337 Daniel D. Hutto Familienerinnerungen - Heimatmuseum des Großbürgertums? Zu Orientierungsversuchen im Wien der vierziger Jahre. Am Beispiel der Erinnerungen der Familie Wittgenstein. 343 Nicole L. Immler L. Wittgenstein : A Critical Examiner of Modern Civilization 355 Tsuneyuki Ishikura In Conversation With Other Cultures 361 Joaquín Jareño Wittgenstein's Method 366 Charles W. Johnson On The Nature Of Wittgenstein's Revolutions Of Philosophy 372 Alexander Kanev The New Wittgenstein: Some Critical Remarks 378 Edward Kanterian Wittgenstein und die "philosophy of mind" - Warum der Naturalismus nicht falsch, sondern sinnlos ist 385 Christian Kanzian 9 Die Wittgenstein-Werkausgabe und ihre Quellen im Nachlaß 393 Peter Keicher Formal Concepts In A Material World 399 Philipp Keller Wittgensteins Rettung des Nicht-Identischen 406 Jens Kertscher When Whistling is Saying 413 Andy King Metaphysik und moralische Verbindlichkeit Bemerkungen zum Begriff des Ethischen beim frühen Wittgenstein 421 Heiner F. Klemme Solitude, Culture, and the Technology of Communication 428 Zsuzsanna Kondor Wittgenstein's Way Out of Kantian Philosophy 435 Oskari Kuusela 10 Beiträge / Papers 11 12 Thoughts of the Tractatus: Mentalism vs. Non-Mentalism Maija Aalto 1. Introduction The concept of Gedanke in Wittgenstein's Tractatus is a controversial one. The few elucidations he gives of it seem to give rise to two opposing interpretations. On the one hand, a thought is said to be a logical picture of facts (TLP§3) and a proposition with a sense (TLP§4). This suggests a non-mentalist reading of the concept, i.e. one according to which a thought is, in its essence, no different from a written or spoken sentence: both depict states of affairs in virtue of being combinations of signs that reflect the logical form of reality. A non-mentalist interpretation of thoughts has been advocated, e.g. by Mounce (1981), Winch (1987) and Carruthers (1989). On the other hand, Wittgenstein makes a distinction between a proposition and a propositional sign, and says of the latter that it needs to be projected onto reality before it is a genuine picture (TLP§3.12). The method of projection is "to think of the sense of the proposition" (TLP§3.11), which gives the impression that a mental process of thinking is needed to give life to signs; in other words, that thoughts (being the 'units' of thinking) are prior to, and necessary preconditions of, the possibility of linguistic representation. Such a mentalist or psychological interpretation has been advanced, among others, by Kannisto (1986), Summerfield (1992), Malcolm (1993) and Hacker (1996). In this paper I attempt to defend the non-mentalist interpretation of Gedanke. My aim in doing this is, besides trying to contribute to a correct understanding of the Tractatus, to cut off certain connections that have been claimed to exist between the book and modern philosophy of mind. In particular, I try to refute Malcolm's and Summerfield's suggestion that, like Chomsky or Fodor, Wittgenstein needs to assume an underlying mental mechanism or a language of thought to account for the possibility of determinate representation. Therefore the paper is organized around a presentation and a critical discussion of (some of) Malcolm's and Summerfield's views. The main argument put forward against their views is that, whether such mental processes occur during language-using or not, speculation about them simply isn't relevant to Wittgenstein's picture theory of language. Far from taking psychological considerations to be essential to philosophical theories of linguistic meaning, the reading sketched here sees the 13 Maija Aalto Tractatus as criticizing all such theories and thus resembling, in this respect, his own later philosophy rather than contemporary philosophy of mind. 2. Malcolm's interpretation The most straightforward example of a mentalist view of Tractarian thoughts is undoubtedly Norman
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