GLENBROOK Nature’s paradise on your doorstep. WINTER/SPRING life2020

in this issue

Letters to the Members...... 1-4 LETTER TO THE MEMBERS FROM THE Calling All Camel Jockeys...... 4 GHOA BOARD OF DIRECTORS Activities Around the Lake...... 5 Wildfire Fuels Management...... 6-7 The following is a summary of our 2019 accomplishments and the Winter Work & Smart Irrigation major GHOA activities which are currently underway at Glenbrook. Glenbrook’s Little Critters...... 8-9 4FISCAL YEAR 2019 GHOA completed Fiscal Year 2019 with Fishes of the Tahoe Basin..... 10-11 a deficit of $83,944 (including $49,537 of non-cash depreciation of The Grand Old Man...... 12-13 assets). The two most significant accounts over budget were – legal, of Carson City $27,254 over budget (due to the rental issue), and snow removal, Tahoe Industrial Center...... 14-15 $20,885 over budget (due to the record snowfall during the 2018-19 Hydroplane ...... 16 winter season). At the start of Fiscal Year 2020, the Association Crossword Puzzle...... 17 had $2,201,831 in its Reserve Fund for use on future capital assets’ ‘All You Need Is Love’ upgrades and maintenance. Obituaries...... 18 4SNOW REMOVAL The GHOA Board extended the 2019-2020 ‘Margaret & Charles Aronstam’ snow removal contract to NVENV (the second year of his three-year Activities Around ..... 19 contract). The Board felt confident that Matt Setty, owner of NVENV, Crossword Answers...... 19 was prepared for large storms with the addition of heavier equipment Society Presents that is better suited for Glenbrook during a heavy snowfall season.

4WATER CONSERVATION Matt Setty is also assisting GHOA with the installation of “smart controllers” to allow us to turn off sprinkler zones upon detecting a leak, following a rainstorm, and/ or when the surrounding soil is moist. Although the mechanics have taken longer than anticipated, we plan to have the “smart controllers” installed this spring and believe that this project will result in meaningful water savings for GHOA during the 2020 summer season and thereafter. 4SLAUGHTERHOUSE CANYON 4GLENBROOK EVACUATION STREAM RESTORATION PROCEDURE TRAINING As many of you may have observed, much work was Tahoe Douglas County Fire Department in completed on the West side of Land’s End Road conjunction with GHOA and the Glenbrook to restore Slaughterhouse Creek to its natural community conducted “Glenbrook Evacuation channel, to remove mosquito breeding grounds, to Training” at the Glenbrook Clubhouse on July 8th, improve access for mosquito vector control, and to 2019. This was well attended by members and enhance access to and/or reduce fire risk for China greatly appreciated by all. Garden and Land’s End. As discussed by Matt Setty in another article in this newsletter, during this February and March we expect significant progress to cleanup and restore the streambed on the East side of Land’s End Road. Over the first two weeks of February, separate crews from both NVENV and the Tahoe Douglas Fire Districts have made significant progress on the second phase of this project. They have been cutting and stacking the willows and alders on the East side of Land’s End Rd. We have been told that our Slaughterhouse project is now the single biggest privately funded environmental project within the entire Tahoe Basin. 4FAIR SHARE After several years of discuss- 4FIRE / SAFETY The Board has engaged ions, GHOA is pleased to announce that during NVENV to create a plan for the use of several GHOA 2019 we signed the Glenbrook Accord with the meadows as fire-safe zones within Glenbrook in the officers of the Glenbrook Property Homeowners event of a major community fire. The scope of this Association (GPOA). work will include an inspection of the meadow areas The initial term of this agreement is for five years that are being encroached upon by aspens, willows with voluntary contributions from GPOA to GHOA and other vegetation to provide an update on the of a minimum of $30,000 per year (escalating at status of our fire-fuel management areas. Thereafter, 3%/year) for the shared services provided by GHOA several Glenbrook meadows will be designated as within the Glenbrook community. GHOA received defensible space management areas with fire breaks the first GPOA contribution of $30,000 during around each to create the fire-safe zones. October of 2019. Thank you GPOA! Periodically, GPOA representatives will be invited to speak at GHOA meetings regarding their shared community interests and concerns.

4SHORT-TERM PROPERTY RENTALS During 2019, the GHOA Board held two Special Board meetings and spent much additional time devoted to collecting member input regarding the current and potential future short-term rental property issues.

2 During the Fall of 2019, the Board conducted an LETTER TO THE MEMBERS FROM Advisory Ballot to solicit input from all GHOA THE GCTA BOARD OF DIRECTORS members regarding short-term rentals. What a difference from last year’s record The majority of members voted to permit short- snow fall at Glenbrook! As we write this term rentals of less than 29 days and selected a update in mid February the snow has all but minimum rental duration of seven (7) days. The disappeared and the 10 day forecast shows Board sincerely appreciates your involvement no sign of a winter storm. The pendulum and interest in resolving this issue within certainly has swung but hopefully there is GHOA and we thank all of you who voted on this still hope for new snow and spring skiing. important issue. 42019 CLEAN AUDIT GCTA received a clean audit for the year ending September 30, 2019 and results for the first quarter of FY 2020 are consistent with the 2020 Adopted Budgets for both the Cottage and Townhomes.

4BUILDING RESERVES Each year the GCTA Board adopts a set of goals for the year. You may recall that there is a focus on During the past 4 months, The Board has worked building reserves for the ultimate replacement diligently to merge member input with legal of Townhome roofs based on periodic unit by unit counsel recommendations to create Glenbrook’s inspections of all Townhomes. An update was Short-Term Rental Rules. These proposed rules, accomplished guided by the Townhome Roofing as well as solutions to provide appropriate Committee and included maintenance and repair monitoring and compliance, will be discussed at work to all 68 units. our March 2020 Board Meeting. It is our intent to There was also concern (based on earlier implement these new Short-Term Rental Rules, inspections) that there were differing roof areas compliance monitoring & enforcement programs which could create inequities in allocating the prior to the 2020 summer rental season. costs of roof replacement. In addressing that As always, the GHOA Board of Directors issue a photographic scan was made and the welcomes your comments, suggestions and results showed that roof sizes are generally recommendations and appreciates your interest consistent amongst the Townhomes which put in this special community. that concern to rest. Sincerely, THE GHOA BOARD OF DIRECTORS DICK STUART PRESIDENT PETE JENSEN VICE PRESIDENT 4ROOF MAXX The Roofing Committee NANCY NOLAN TREASURER also was introduced a new product, ROOF MAXX, which has the potential to extend the life of the ROGER LA VOIE SECRETARY asphalt shingles for approximately five years TOM TORNGA with the possibility of repeat treatments. The GCTA Board authorized applying the product to JONATHAN FORE 23 units as an initial sample. KAREN DIEPENBROCK 4CALLING ALL CAMEL JOCKEYS You may have heard about the Glenbrook Camel Treks – they took place for over a decade and were organized by Glenbrook Residents. Basically it was a caravan of cars heading out on historic adventures for the day to places near and far.

Those units were identified by Mills Roofing and Beam Consulting as having the most vulnerable shingles and treatment was accomplished last fall prior to the onset of winter. An inspection will be made in the Spring to ascertain results and the Board will consider applying ROOF MAXX to the remaining units along with timing. The obvious objective is to maximize shingle life while maintaining the integrity of the roofs while concurrently building reserves to cover the costs of re-roofing in the projected 2030 - 2035 time frame. Actual reserve fund levels are derived based analysis by our Reserve Specialist Browning & Co. Maintaining adequate reserves is an important component of the budgeting process and as a result of focusing on the condition of Townhome roofs there have been two annual assessment increases Help the Glenbrook Historical of $400 in FY 2019 and 2020 for Townhomes. A Society bring back the Camel Treks! decision as to further assessment increases will be determined from our Reserve Specialist (Browning) For those lucky enough to have participated in driven by evaluation of the effectiveness of ROOF the Glenbrook Camel Treks, you know what fun MAXX and a post winter re-inspection of Townhome adventures they were. Carefully researched Roofs by Beam Consulting and Mills Roofing. and delightfully curated by Glenbrook residents We look forward to seeing more activity here as Stuart and Kathy Kamille and Sue and John Spring arrives and want to acknowledge the hard Ritchie, the led journeys to such places as work of our Community Manager Ms. Jenny Clark Pyramid Lake, Placerville, Virginia City, Fort and her staff who continue to make Glenbrook such Churchill tracing Emigrant Trails, Pony Express a special place. Routes while vividly bringing to life our rich history. THE GCTA BOARD OF DIRECTORS Each summer a pack of adventure seekers (Camel Jockeys) would round up and head out CLAUDE HUTCHISON PRESIDENT for an entertaining day of historic proportions. RANDALL BOLTEN VICE PRESIDENT The Glenbrook Historical Society is searching ROSS BARNETT TREASURER for cassette tapes, CD’s, printed materials, maps and memorabilia –anything you may have SUSAN COUNTNER SECRETARY packed away from these memoarble adventures! KENT IMRIE DIRECTOR Please contact Susan Clemons at (775) 225-0430. 4ACTIVITIES AROUND THE LAKE

4S’MORESAPALOOZA Ready for s’more reasons to love Northstar? Head on over to The Village every day at 4pm and warm-up with a s’more by the fire pits around the ice-skating rink. 4THE 6TH ANNUAL Complimentary s’mores are first come, first serve. WINTERWONDERGRASS TAHOE The 6th Annual WinterWonderGrass Tahoe returns for 3 days of world-class Bluegrass/Acoustic Roots music on four stages, and Nevada craft breweries and beer tasting all under the snow-covered peaks at Squaw Valley from March 27-29. It’s going to be an epic weekend bringing together those who love music, mountains and a good time. squawalpine.com/ events-things-do/winterwondergrass-tahoe 4HEAVENLY POND SKIM For a few select days this season, their culinary Join the folks at Heavenly for the Pond Skim on April team is elevating the daily s’mores tradition by 11. Celebrate the Spring and see if you can make it putting a delicious spin on the original recipe. They across the pond or cheer on others as they skim or will be set-up on the Overlook at 4pm with a few sink! skiheavenly.com creative, mouthwatering s’mores recipes for you to try! (February 1, February 15, March 7, and March 4PASSPORT TO THE 14) northstarcalifornia.com GREAT OUT THERE 4ULTIMATE LUNCH COMBO Passport to THE GREAT OUT THERE. Explore the unrivaled beauty of El Dorado County one sip at a The Ultimate Lunch Combo (formerly known as Local’s time with Passport to THE GREAT OUT THERE. Over Lunch) includes a lift ticket valid from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. 25 wineries will share their innovative spirit by not (Monday through Friday, non-peak) and a $15 food only providing incredible food and wine pairings voucher, all for just $49, making it the best way you but engaging you in an experience that captures can spend your lunch break in the Tahoe Basin. Feast the essence of their unique story. Whether it’s on fresh powder or carve up the groomers while you live music, art demonstrations, historical tours or ski or snowboard on your lunch break, and then eat winemaking insights your journey to THE GREAT lunch here at the ski resort or take it to-go back to OUT THERE will create treasured memories of your workplace. diamondpeak.com wine, food and fun. cellarpass.com/events/2020- passport-to-the-great-out-there-5354 4SNOWSHOEING AT HISTORIC CAMP RICHARDSON 4SOUTH LAKE TAHOE The Mountain Sports Center cross-country ski area EARTH DAY – APRIL 25 is located at Historic Camp Richardson Resort, nestled amongst the majestic pines along the shores April 25 South Lake Tahoe Earth of South Lake Tahoe on the way to Emerald Bay. You Day is a family friendly, free event can enjoy snowshoeing and cross-country skiing celebrating our unique Lake Tahoe along the shoreline of Lake Tahoe. The Mountain environment. Live music, great food, Kid’s Zone and Sports Center is open daily between 9:00 a.m. and much more. southtahoeearthday.org 5:00 p.m., weather permitting. camprichardson.com Over the years GHOA has been the recipient of state and federal grants to reduce the risk of wildfires within the watershed. The primary defensible zone called the “Halo” is a buffer around the community that separates the “wildland-urban interface” from the adjacent forest lands. TDF fire crews spend much of their time maintaining this area. In 2019. GHOA expanded the work to include the mechanical treatment “mastication” of fuels on common area open space parcels within the community. This work has included the mowing/mulching of the Mowing/Mulching in Glenbrook Meadow Photo: NVENV perimeter of meadows, and removal of understory fuels on GHOA lands inside the Halo. In addition 4WILDFIRE FUELS MANAGEMENT to mastication work, TDF has been hand piling and BY MATT SETTY burning when weather/wind conditions permit. A handful of proactive residents conducted fuels You may have noticed a lot of forestry crews reduction work on their parcels. This work is a great working throughout the community this past year. benefit to the defensibility of the entire community GHOA contracted a study to perform a fuels risk and serves as critical internal firebreaks that are assessment of the entire community. incorporated into project planning. In 2020, you will see fuels reduction work continue on the open This work has been completed and a final report space parcels, and as funding availability allows will be presented to the Board at the next meeting. expanded to willing private lands. Assessment work identified areas of high fuel loading, buffer zones, treated areas, defensible 4 spaces needs, as well as presenting strategies for WINTER WORK: RESTORATION an ongoing fuels management program. This work EFFORTS CONTINUE AT is coordinated with TDF crews to help prioritized SLAUGHTERHOUSE MEADOW where fuels reduction work is done and what type BY MATT SETTY of work is appropriate (i.e. pile burn, hand cutting, mechanical mastication/mulching, etc.). Additionally, You may have noticed Tahoe Douglas Fire crews this report is a primary tool used by GHOA and TDF conducting prescribed burns throughout the to obtain grant funding for fuels reduction work. community. The mild winter has allowed crews to burn piles that were stacked last summer and fall. This

Lake Mill Meadow Photo: NVENV weather window has also allowed work to continue in Slaughterhouse Meadow on North Canyon Creek. The 2018-19 Phase 1 meadow restoration work is near completion and native seed has been planted in the meadow between Lands’ End Road and the Lake. This seed mix is designed to increase wetland plant diversity and will soon be emerging with new growth and color in the early spring. Crews have cleaned up much of the debris and burned the remains of last year’s fuels control project, and final vegetation work will be scheduled for this spring as weather and runoff conditions allow. TDF Burning in Slaughterhouse Meadow, 1/24/20 Photo: K. Setty

The Phase 2 restoration work will start in February with the removal of old and dead willow and alder upstream of Lands’ End Road. Crews from Tahoe Douglas Fire (TDF) and NVENV forestry crews will be working in the area for the next few months. Please feel free to stop by and ask questions. Best management practices will be employed to minimize disturbance to residences and ensure protection of water quality and affected areas. Permits for the work within the wetland is expected to be issued in the next few weeks and work will start as soon as weather/ground conditions allow. 4SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM INSTALLATION BY MATT SETTY This past fall saw the start of conduit installation to support a new community wide irrigation control system. Ewing Irrigation is assisting GHOA with the retrofitting of the existing common space irrigation system. This work will result in a “smart” system that is capable of being controlled from a cell phone app and will have features such as auto-rain shut-off, soil moisture sensors, and leak detection designed to reduce water consumption, operator labor, and improve reliability. Additionally, improvements will include the installation of totalizing water meters to measure the project savings. Work will start-up in late-March and a functional system will be commissioned in May. GLENBROOK’S LITTLE CRITTERS 4BY JIM GUNN Have you ever wondered what those little squirrel looking critters are called that you see when you’re out walking the roads and paths of Glenbrook? Or maybe you don’t see them but you hear their loud “tsew” or rapid “chip” repeated sound? After looking at these pictures you’ll be better informed to identify them and point them out to the younger generation of Glenbrook. Here are four of them that you might observe in the community. And please, CHIPMUNK Chipmunks are small, marked keep your pets leashed at all times so they won’t with alternate dark and light stripes, 9 along their chase these little guys. back, 5 on each cheek; a whitish spot behind each ear; sides yellowish to reddish brown, under surface GOLDEN whitish, tail flat, brush- like, with hairs on sides. MANTLE Eight species of chipmunk live in the , but no more than 2 (rarely 3) in the same locality. GROUND Differences between the species can be identified SQUIRREL by noting their size, color, area of occurrence, kind Often mistaken for the of environment occupied, and voice. chipmunk, the Golden Mantle Ground Squirrel The colorful little chipmunks are busy every sunny is larger than any chip- day from spring until early autumn. Much of their munk but smaller than activity is in finding food during the summer’s other ground squirrels. plenty to store against times of scarcity. Like the Their head and neck are related ground squirrels, each has a pair of thin all yellowish or coppery internal cheek pouches used to carry seeds, nuts, red, back grizzled brown, or berries. Their fore feet serve well as hands each side with broad to gather and manipulate food and for digging. white stripe bordered Some food is eaten as found, some taken into black, under surface the underground burrow, and some buried on the pale gray to whitish; tail surface. In springtime, there are many “pugholes” black centrally, buffy at where buried food has been removed. margin. It rarely stands Besides getting food and caring for young, up on its hind feet and only occasionally gives a chipmunks find time for much that seems like play, sharp warning call. Squirrels in picnic areas often when one will pursue another round and about over will gather food, sometimes from a person’s hand, logs and stumps. The burrow serves for escape until the cheek pouches bulge. This material may be shelter, for sleeping, for rearing the young, and, in eaten, carried into the burrow, or quickly buried in a the higher altitudes, for hibernation. shallow surface excavation. Only occasional burrow entrances are seen, and the tunnels probably do not extend far into the ground. The food is mostly a mixture of plant materials. Adults may emerge from hibernation by early April, and the young, 2 to 6 per litter, are born in June and July, appearing above ground when they are quarter to half-grown. Enemies include the weasel, , and hawks. SIERRA CHICKAREE One of several species of tree squirrels found in the WESTERN GRAY SQUIRREL Tahoe Basin, the Chickaree is about the size of a The western gray squirrel is an arboreal squirrel house rat, has an upper surface of dark brown with best known for its large size, gray pelage (coat) and reddish tinge along back and black line low on each plumose (feathery appearance), white-tipped tail. side, under surface white or buffy, and silvery hair This squirrel is one of our more prolific residents in bushy dark tail with tips. His voice is a prolonged Glenbrook easily spotted near the golf course and whinnying of high notes, 4-5 per second; also a short Pray Meadow Road. He is large and slender, tail with explosive quer’-o, often repeated. This talkative conspicuous “brush”. Body uniform gray with slight squirrel is often seen scampering up and down trees pepper and salt effect, under surface pure white, searching for choice pine cones. If you sit quietly tail gray margined with white. His voice is hoarse and “squeak” you can often attract a chickaree rough coughing, usually in slow series. He is slender for a close view, when it will call repeatedly, jump, but strong-muscled with a long broadly haired tail and flick it’s tail. This squirrel is active all winter, that serves as counterbalance and rudder Its gait save in severe storms, and bounds readily over the is bounding, using the fore and hind legs in pairs; on snow. From autumn until spring it eats seeds of fir a flat area he can leap up to 4 feet at a jump. and pine. It cuts and drops many green cones, then descends to cache them beside logs or rocks near Yes, they’re pests. Yes, they cause damage. And its home trees; one squirrel can stow 500 cones in a yes, they eat your expensive bird seed. But admit it, 50 X 50 foot area. When feeding, the squirrel sits on you’ve watched squirrel videos on YouTube, and you the ground, a log, or a rock where it can watch for love the clips on America’s Funniest Home Videos. enemies, holds the cone in it’s “hands”, cuts off the Face it, everybody likes squirrels, regardless of scales one by one and shucks and eats the seeds, what they say. And while our western gray squirrel leaving only the ragged core. Hawks and weasels isn’t the clown of your backyard, it’s still adorable. are the principal enemies.

NEXT TIME YOU WALK AROUND GLENBROOK, SEE HOW MANY OF THESE LITTLE GUYS YOU CAN SPOT, AND IF YOU CAN TELL THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THEM! WWW.TAHOESOUTH.COM

Sources: Sierra Nevada Natural History, Storer-Usinger, University of California Press, 1963 / U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, www.fws.gov COURTESY OF THE NEVADA FISHES OF THE LAKE TAHOE BASIN DEPARTMENT OF WILDLIFE The Lake Tahoe Basin is known for its scenic beauty and angling opportunities. Yet many people are surprised to learn that popular game fish such as mackinaw, rainbow, kokanee salmon and browns are not native to the region and that the basin’s native fishes are rarely seen and now occupy only a small portion of MOUNTAIN WHITEFISH their historical ranges. Current distribution of native (PROSOPIUM WILLIAMSONI) fish bears little resemblance to their distribution before settlement. People dredged creek bottoms, Mountain whitefish bears little resemblance to its diverted streams and encouraged the introduction relative, the trout. It is an opportunistic bottom of non-native fish - altogether drastically altering feeder and appears to eat whatever is in abundance, aquatic habitats. Most fish communities today are including fish eggs. It is found along the bottom of dominated by introduced species. colder streams and lakes throughout the basin. They tend not to enter smaller streams or small Lake Tahoe is located within the Pleistocene Lahontan headwaters of big streams. Basin. This basin was drained by the Walker, Carson, Truckee, and Susan rivers. Although the drainages are now isolated from each other, during the Pleistocene 4MINNOW FAMILY they were all tributaries to ancient Lake Lahontan – a (FAMILY CYPRINIDAE) gigantic lake that covered 8665 square miles.

4NATIVE SALMON & TROUT FAMILY (FAMILY SALMONIDAE)

LAHONTAN SPECKLED DACE (RHINICHTHYS OSCULUS ROBUSTUS) This species is the widest-range native fish in western North America. Body coloration varies between populations. This particular subspecies LAHONTAN CUTTHROAT TROUT occupies the Lahontan basin portion of the Eastern (ONCORHYNCHUS CLARKI HENSHAWI) Sierra, which includes Lake Tahoe. It occupies a wide variety of habitats, including thermal springs, Historically these fish were the top predators in cool and warm water rivers and streams, swift Pleistocene Lake Lahontan, dating back 70,000 riffles flowing over cobble-size substrate, quiet years, and grew up to 50 inches and 40 pounds. backwaters, or shallow, muddy-bottom streams. LCT tolerate lower dissolved oxygen and high The success of this species lies partly in its semi- water temperatures than almost any other trout nocturnal, bottom feeding habit. They can be found in western North America. They also persist in down to depths of 50 ft. highly alkaline waters of Pyramid and Walker lakes. This fish was once abundant in Lake Tahoe. In the early days it was caught commercially to supply LOOK TO OUR NEXT NEWSLETTER mining camps. Overfishing, competition from non- TO LEARN MORE ABOUT FISH THAT native species, and exotic disease reduced their HAVE BEEN INTRODUCED INTO LAKE populations drastically . Measures are being taken TAHOE OVER THE PAST 100 YEARS. to reintroduce populations throughout the basin.

10 TAHOE SUCKER (CONT’D) Tahoe Sucker (Catostomus tahoensis) - This fish is endemic to the Lahontan Basin and is found in lakes in streams throughout the Tahoe Basin. Lake- dwellers arc larger than those in streams . It feeds most actively at night - on aquatic plants, detritus, LAHONTAN REDSIDE and invertebrates from substrate. They have a high (RHINICHTHYS EGREGIOUS) reproductive capacity and are relatively long-lived. This species is thought to be the most beautiful of the California minnows. The red streak is present in breeding males and rosy in females. In Lake Tahoe, they remain in large schools throughout most of the year. They are abundant near shore and will consume terrestrial and aquatic insects, plankton, and fish eggs. In streams, the Lahontan Redside hold at LAHONTAN MOUNTAIN SUCKER mid-water to capture insects drifting downstream, (CATOSTOMUS PLATYRHYNCHUS LAHONTAN) and prefer pools with protective cover. This subspecies is endemic to the Lahontan Basin. It is distinguished from the Tahoe Sucker by its smaller size and rounded snout. It does not inhabit lakes and seems to prefer swifter waters and cooler streams. Today, this subspecies is rare. Perhaps the dams and reservoirs constructed during the last 30 years have eliminated their stream habitats. LAHONTAN LAKE TUI CHUB Lahontan Mountain Suckers are herbivorous. (GILA BICOLOR PECTINIFER) Tui Chub are widespread throughout the western 4SCULPIN FAMILY United States, but this subspecies is endemic to (FAMILY COTTIDAE) the Lahontan basin and widespread through out its larger waters. The Lahontan Lake subspecies inhibits mid-water areas of the lake and rarely occupies streams. In deep lakes it can be found down to depths of 100 feet. In large, open habitats, like Lake Tahoe, they move in schools, but do so less in shallow habitats with more cover. It feeds mainly on plankton. PIUTE SCULPIN (COTTUS BELDINGI) 4SUCKER FAMILY (FAMILY CATOSTOMIDAE) It is the most abundant bottom-dwelling fish in the Eastern Sierras. This species is small and drably colored, allowing it to hide between rocks and sticks on the bottom. It is most active at night when it preys upon aquatic insects, snails, and smaller fish hiding between and underneath rocks. This fish usually only gets up to 4 inches long, but TAHOE SUCKER in Lake Tahoe it can reach up to 5 inches, where it is (CATOSTOMUS TAHOENSIS) usually found over rocky substrate.

11 Soon after arriving Henry invested in the Merrimac ore processing mill just outside Carson City along the Carson River. That investment would ultimately lead Henry on a path to financial wealth and community stature. There Henry met who was the manager of the Virginia City branch of the Bank of California. Along with Sharon’s partners (they would become known as “the bank crowd”) William Chapman Ralston and Darius were planning to build a railroad from Carson City to Virginia City.

THE GRAND OLD MAN OF CARSON CITY BY LARRY TIETIG 3 On any given morning during the 1870’s, 1880’s or ‘90’s Since the Bank of California already owned several in Carson City, if you were Virginia City mines, and a majority of the processing out walking, you might pass mills, they wanted to tighten their monopoly by a tall distinguished looking adding a railroad to bring supplies to the mines, ore gentleman with “mutton to their processing mills and eventually passengers chops” who might tip his hat to both Carson City and later to Reno. and smile with a nod. In Reno they could take the Union Pacific Railroad This gentleman would be Henry to shortening the travel time from Marvin Yerington on his way to days to a mere 17 hours! Yerington was hired work. His job at this time would by Sharon to purchase the rights of way for the be as superintendent of the proposed railroad. Virginia and Truckee railroad. H.M. arrived in Carson City from Port Stanley, Quebec, Canada with wife Susan Mary Hume and their three children in 1863. Yerington had been born in Canada in 1829 where his father owned a large machine shop. He sent his son Henry to Military school where he hoped his son would learn discipline and how to conduct himself properly. After graduation Henry began working in his Once the railroad was completed, Yerington was fathers machine shop, but soon left to cut his made the superintendent of this new V&T railroad. entrepreneurial “teeth” as a grain merchant in Port Henry oversaw all aspects of this new venture, and Stanley, Quebec. During this time he married Susan eventually drew a salary of $1,000.00 per month. Mary Hume, and started their family. Why they left In today’s money that would be $20,000.00. This Canada and traveled to the newly formed frontier gives the reader some idea of how much money town of Carson City has been lost to history. His this bonanza produced for the lucky few who were wife Susan or one of their children might have had fortunate enough to be a financial participant. With a lung ailment that required a drier climate, or finances secure, Henry and Susan bought a lot in perhaps the financial opportunity that presented Carson City on the comer of Division and Robinson itself with with the newly discovered silver bonanza Street, where they built their home, and soon added in Virginia City was the draw. another child to their family.

12 Henry soon secured rights to bring water from Ash From there it was loaded on a V&T train that Canyon, on the eastern slope of the , transported it to Virginia City to be installed in the to the V&T engine house in Carson City as well as mines, erect structures and provide fuel for the his new home. These water rights would eventually steam engines necessary in the mining process. become the Carson City Water Company with This new enterprise was named the Carson Tahoe Henry as the Board President. This would be one Lumber and Fluming Company. It took two years of 40 such boards that he would be on as either an to bring this new enterprise to full capacity, and it officer or board member. They would include V&T would remain in business for the next twenty years. affiliated railroad, mining, milling, lumber, fluming, water, toll road, mineral and other land ventures As the need for lumber in the mines diminished the throughout Nevada and Eastern California. CTL&F company was dissolved and the Bliss family began transitioning into the tourism and resort With the completion of the V&T railroad, and the business while Yerington and his family continued to success of the silver bonanza in Virginia City, Henry expand the railroad to new mining cities in central turned his attention to the Tahoe Basin, where and eastern Nevada. As the mining waned and the the appetite for lumber by the mines seemed passenger service declined the V&T became less insatiable. With the invention of the square set viable and finally service was terminated. timber “honeycomb”, by German engineer Phillip Diedesheimer, the mines were able to overcome It was the end of the mining boom in Nevada as the collapses, which allowed them to dig deeper to new century began. After 47 years in Carson City follow the ore. This meant the mines would need “the Grand Old Man” died in November of 1910. His more lumber, and Henry began buying up land and funeral would be the largest the capital city had timber rights in the Tahoe Basin. ever experienced. It was attended by family, friends and those who remembered the giant of a man with He had worked with Duane Leroy Bliss on the V&T the mutton chops who helped railroad construction, and they now formed a put the dusty frontier town company Yerington and Bliss. They purchased the on the world stage. Summit Fluming company and their sawmill, five acres along the shoreline in Glenbrook and Captain Henry Marvin Yerington’s Pray’s sawmill plus as much land and timber rights entrepreneurial leadership, as they could acquire. civic engagement, philanth- ropic charity and community With the financial backing of Darius Ogden vision for his adopted city Mills-one of the “bank crowd”-they built more remain his lasting legacy of a sawmills in Glenbrook, extended the flume from life well lived. Spooner Summit to south of Carson City, purchased Research material for this steam vessels to transport logs to their sawmills in article was from the following: Glenbrook and built a railroad from Glenbrook to Spooner Summit to transport the milled timbers, Lake Tahoes Railroads, lumber and cord wood to the flume at the summit Nevada’s Virginia and where it traveled 13 miles to their lumber yard Truckee Railroad – Author south of Carson City. Stephen E. Drew, and the Saga of Lake Tahoe Vol. I – Author E. B. Scott.

Respectfully submitted by Larry Tietig, Wildfire Fuels Management The unquenchable demand from Comstock mines for lumber, water, and transportation stimulated engineering expertise and native frontier ingenuity of the men who built Nevada. Lumber was necessary for construction, railroad ties, mine timbers, fuel to heat homes and to fire the boilers of pumps, locomotives,and reduction mills. Glenbrook, on Lake Tahoe’s east shore, was the funnel through which most of that lumber passed. It also served as the transportation, business, and social hub of the vast Tahoe region of the Sierra Nevada for nearly a half century, until about 1910.

TAHOES INDUSTRIAL CENTER BY CARL BRIGGS 3

Glenbrook’s first settlers arrived in 1860. Former The line was almost nine miles long, north Vermont sea captain, Augustus W. Pray, built from the bay to Pray Meadow and up a steep a sawmill in 1861, and the small settlement’s slope through two switchbacks, one of them on commercial ventures soon made Glenbrook “the a dead-end trestle. The little railroad climbed an great lumber manufacturing town of the state of average 130 feet per mile through rugged country. Nevada.” Pray soon bought out other businesses, At the upper end it followed a route which is now and in 1863 the Lake Bigler Toll Road was completed State Highway 28 & U.S. Highway 50 to the summit, between Stateline andCarson City, via Glenbrook more than a thousand feet above Glenbrook Bay. and King’s Canyon. A 487-foot tunnel channeled the tracks through A second sawmill was constructed on placid a final ridge at the top to the terminal point. At Glenbrook Bay, as was a new hotel to accommodate Spooner’s Summit, the timber was run in V-flumes stage passengers and teamsters traveling the down to Carson and there was loaded aboard Bonanza Road from California to Washoe. Partners V&T flatcars for the trip to Virginia City. Engines Duane L. Bliss, Henry M. Yerington and Darius Ogden Number One, the “Tahoe,” and Number Two, the Mills founded the Carson & Tahoe Wood, Lumber, “Glenbrook,” were built for the line by Baldwin and Fluming Company and, in 1873, purchased Pray’s Locomotive Works. and other holdings in the area, including sawmills, timber lands, flumes, and the Glenbrook Hotel. Of 55 cars, each with a capacity of 11 tons, six at a time, could be hauled fully loaded up the grade at By this time the Comstock’s demand for lumber ten miles per hour. Engines and cars were hauled on had depleted the east slope forests, and giant wagons from Carson City up the Clear Creek grade ponderosas and sugar pines of the Tahoe Basin and put on the rails at the summit. The line was began to fall under the woodman’s axe. However, completed in 1875 hauling wood out of the Basin with an ox team was a slow and expensive process requiring bold initiative. As forests along the east shore of Tahoe were depleted, lumberjacks moved to the west shore. Bliss, Yerington, and Mills were bold men. Yerington Logs were hauled to the water’s edge by ox teams had been construction superintendent of the or were chuted down the mountain sides on skids, Virginia & Truckee Railroad and, on his urging, they and the resulting geysers of white water were, for decided to lay track up the side of the Carson range. many years, a prime tourist attraction. Chinese laborers did the grading and workmen from the mills and flumes, built trestles and laid the track of the Lake Tahoe Narrow Gauge.

14 Logs were chained into huge V-booms and towed by steamer from all points of the lake to the Glenbrook Mills. They would be hauled out one at a time, cut into lumber and loaded aboard flatcars for the trip to the summit. The shore of Glenbrook Bay was crowded with mills, piers and buildings, the frantic pace of industry at the lake keeping time with the great Engine No. 2, The Glenbrook, in 1893, hauled wood to Spooner Summit. Below is a prosperous clatter of Comstock stamp mills. Glenbrook ranch with main house shaded by sturdy Pines. Glenbrook is now a thriving Glenbrook was also a popular residential community. tourist spot, easily accessible from booming Virginia City on Doc Benton’s stagecoaches, and from the Central Pacific Railroadat Truckee by stage to Tahoe City and steamer across the lake. The renowned Hank Monk drove stages for Benton. Mark Twain and Horace Greeley were early visitors, and Glenbrook hosted General William Tecumseh Sherman and U.S. Presidents Grant and Hayes. By 1895, the timber was gone, Glenbrook’s colorful history is a grand view of the glory and so was most of the Comstock’s rich ore. An days – something every Nevadan cherishes. In 1893, estimated 50,000 acres had been logged, producing Engine No. 2, The Glenbrook, hauled wood to Spooner some 750 million board feet of lumber and a Summit. Below is a prosperous Glenbrook ranch with half million cords of wood. The , main house shaded by sturdy pines. Glenbrook is now according to Territorial Enterprise publisher Dan De a thriving residential community. Quille, was indeed the tomb of Tahoe’s forests. The Bliss interests then operated their railroad across the lake between Tahoe City and Truckee. The only reminder of the Lake Tahoe Narrow Gauge is the little “Glenbrook” locomotive permanently retired on the grounds of the State Museum in Carson City. The present hotel and resort complex, Glenbrook Inn, was built by the sons of Duane Bliss, using some oft he old houses and mill buildings. The family home at Glenbrook was destroyed by fire in June 1975 and plans were disclosed shortly thereafter to develop parts of the old resort area into a residential community.

15 Through 1958, the thunderboats raced at the north end of Tahoe. They then shifted to the desert lake at Pyramid, 35 miles northeast of Reno, for three years climaxed by the 1961 Gold Cup Race. The following three years, the action was on the Tahoe South Shore. Meanwhile, the action in the southern portion of the state was on Lake Mead, where the Lake Mead Cup Regatta held the spotlight for several years HYDROPLANE RACING until 1960, when the Lake Mead Yacht Club was host BY LEN E. CROCKER 3 for the Gold Cup. Bill Stead’s Gold Cup win the year before in Seattle had been in the “Maverick,” which Ghosts of the thunderboats haunt Nevada’s three raced out of Lake Mead. The win made Las Vegas the largest lakes where, for 15 years until the mid- site of the following year’s race. 1960’s, man and machine combined to race the The action all shifted northward after the Gold world’s most colorful water craft, the unlimited Cup however, and Pyramid, then Tahoe, held the division hydroplane. spotlight. The final competition was in 1964 in the The grand prix vehicles of made their debut third annual Tahoe Regatta. When sportsman Bill during the 1950’s at the north end of Lake Tahoe and Harrah’s “Tahoe Miss” and the Florida-based “Miss died out in 1965 on Tahoe’s South Shore. Between Budweiser” sought the world mile straightaway times, they fascinated thousands of spectators on record unsuccessfully in 1965, it marked the end of the shores of Lake Mead not far from Hoover Dam, the big boats in Nevada. and near Reno, on Pyramid Lake which lies entirely Bill Stead, the man who brought the boats to within the Pyramid Lake Paiute Indian Reservation. Nevada, died in April 1966 in St. Petersburg, Fla., During those exciting years, the top names of the when the racing aircraft he was piloting crashed sport made stopovers in Nevada for the week-long into the bay. Retired from boat racing, he had powerboat regattas and fans flocked in from all returned to the speed life in the air. over the nation. The Silver State was a member of Gone are the 100-foot high “roostertails” of water the fraternity — and loved it! that spread out behind the boats as they sped Names of the key men behind the scenes are legion. down the straightaways at speeds in excess of The volunteers who dedicated their own time 165 miles per hour. But on a quiet day, if you listen and effort to the thousands of details necessary closely, you just might hear a faint roar of powerful to make the big show a success are even more aircraft engines as the ghosts of the thunderboats numerous. But the star that burned the brightest dart lightly across the surface of the state’s three for a brief time was that of Nevada cattle rancher biggest lakes. Bill Stead, the “Reno Cowboy” whose driving and Tahoe’s unlimited “Breathless II” (left) also saw much action at Lake promotional skills put him at the very top of the list Pyramid . Harrah’s 1963 Lake Tahoe Regatta site (above), looking of “doers” in the sport. across the pit area from atop the officials’ tower. From his start driving runabouts in club races at Lake Tahoe, Stead moved up to the big time in 1948 when he purchased the racing boat known as “Miss Golden Gate’’ from Tahoe-San Francisco sportsman R. Stanley Dollar. Stead dominated the Tahoe scene in the boat he re-named “Fury.” In 1953, he purchased 66 unlimited hydro “Hurricane IV,” which had been 1952 runner-up in the unlimiteds’ top race, the Gold Cup. GLENBROOK CROSSWORD ALL YOU NEED IS LOVE Margaret Lee ‘Peggy’ Aronstam Margaret Lee Aronstam, fondly known as ‘Peggy’, passed away peacefully in her home on January 26, 2020. Peggy was born in MARGARET LEE CHARLES S. Chicago, Illinois, on Septem- ber 23, 1927. She attended ‘PEGGY’ ARONSTAM ARONSTAM Newtrier High School and then the Francis W. Parker Margaret Lee Aronstam, fondly Charles S. Aronstam, fondly School when her family moved to Lake Shore Drive known as ‘Peggy’, passed known as ‘Charlie’, passed in Chicago. After college away peacefully in her home away peacefully in his home she was the Assistant to the on January 26, 2020. Peggy on May 16, 2019. Vice President at N.W. Ayer was born in Chicago, Illinois, Advertising. on September 23, 1927. She Charles was born in Atlanta In 1952, Peggy moved to supportersattended of the Stanford Newtrier High School and then the Francis on July 31, 1919. He graduated from Rensselaer Savannah, Georgia, where football andW. Parkerbasketball School when her family moved to Lake Shore Polytechnic Institute with an engineering degree. she raised her family. She teams. They enjoyed Drive in Chicago. After college she was the Assistant While an undergraduate, he was a member of the was involved with the newly attending performances to the Vice President at N.W. Ayer Advertising. track team. During World War II he trained at the formed Savannah Symphony of the SF Symphony and Naval Academy. On assignment with the Navy he and volunteered at the Ballet. They were mem- In 1952, Peggy moved to Savannah, Georgia, where Bethesda Boys Home. She bers of the Stanford Golf was stationed in Tiburon where he was responsible had an active social life Club, Menloshe Circus raised Club her family. She was involved with the for tending to submarine nets under the Golden and cultivated wonderful and Glenbrooknewly Golfformed Club. Savannah Symphony and volunteered Gate Bridge. He then served in the Pacific before friendships. Together theyat the created Bethesda a Boys Home. She had an active returning to California. Peggy married the love of fellowshipsocial in the life field and of cultivated pe- wonderful friendships. her life, Charlie Aronstam, in diatric food allergy research He had a career in the securities business working March of 1972 and moved at Lucile Packard.Peggy married the love of her life, Charlie in San Francisco and Menlo Park for J. Barth and to Atherton. She was Peggy’sAronstam, favorite quote in March of 1972 and moved to Atherton. Co., Dean Witter Reynolds and Morgan Stanley. involved with the Allied Arts was ‘God Sheis love’. was Thisinvolved is with the Allied Arts Guild and After his retirement, he served as a volunteer until Guild and was a member how she livedwas eacha member day of of the Lower Peninsula Symphony 2017 with the Lucille Packard Foundation. her life. One of love for her of the Lower Peninsula League. She hosted numerous Bridge tournaments Symphony League. She family and friends of which benefiting the Cancer Society. Peggy and Charlie After the death of his first wife, Nancy Green, with hosted numerous Bridge she had many. Her love whom he raised three children; he met and married of family wasshared her greatestforty-seven years together traveling the tournaments benefiting the his beloved Peggy, ‘Suga’, in 1972. They shared Cancer Society. Peggy and joy. She wasworld a rare and treasure spending time at their vacation home Charlie shared forty-seven and a cherishedin Lake gift Tahoe to us with family and friends. They spent forty seven years together traveling the world and years together traveling all. She willtheir be misseddays golfing, by all hiking, boating, cross country spending time at their vacation home in Lake Tahoe the world and spending who were skiing,fortunate playing to have Bridge and dominoes. They were avid with family and friends golfing, hiking, boating, her in their lives. time at their vacation home supporters of the Stanford football and basketball cross country skiing and playing dominoes. They in Lake Tahoe with family Contributions may be teams. They enjoyed attending performances of were avid supporters of the Stanford football and friends. They spent made to the Charles and and basketball teams. They enjoyed attending Peggy Aronstamthe SF SymphonyFellowship and Ballet. They were members their days golfing, hiking, performances of the SF Symphony and fox trotting boating, cross country in Child Healthof the at Stanford the Lucile Golf Club, Menlo Circus Club and skiing, playing Bridge and Packard FoundationGlenbrook orGolf to aClub. Together they created a in each others arms on the dance floor whenever dominoes. They were avid charity of fellowshipchoice. in the field of pediatric food allergy the opportunity presented itself. He was a member research at Lucile Packard. of the Stanford Golf Club, Menlo Circus Club, Glenbrook Club and Menlo Park Rotary Club . Peggy’s favorite quote was ‘God is love’. This is how she lived each day of her life. One of love for her Charles cherished the love of those he was family and friends of which she had many. Her love of closest to and they will feel his absence every family was her greatest joy. She was a rare treasure day. He is survived by his children, their spouses, and a cherished gift to us all. She will be missed by grandchildren and great grandchildren. He was a all who were fortunate to have her in their lives. beloved husband, father, grandfather, great grand father and friend. A true Southern gentleman who Contributions may be made to the Charles and will be missed by all those who were fortunate to Peggy Aronstam Fellowship in Child Health at the have him in their lives. Lucile Packard Foundation or to a charity of choice.

18 4ACTIVITIES AROUND THE LAKE 4DINNER @ CAFE FIORE 1146 EMERALD BAY RD, SOUTH LAKE TAHOE, CA Cafe Fiore opened over 33 years ago in South Lake Tahoe. The owners chose the name Fiore after a 4BREAKFAST @ BERT’S CAFE visit to San Giovanni in Fiore a town and commune 1146 EMERALD BAY RD, SOUTH LAKE TAHOE, CA in Southern Italy, which inspired their desire to Bert’s Café is located by the Y in SLT. It is owned and bring rustic Italian elegance to the High Sierra. operated by a local Tahoe family. They use all natural If you haven’t tried this “tiny cabin in the woods” ingredients and pride themselves on a multitude restaurant, where “each plate served is carefully of delicious everyday “homemade from scratch” handcrafted and flavored with the freshest menu items such as: pancake batter, hollandaise, ingredients from Chef Gilberto’s kitchen”, now is salsa, biscuits, gravy, corned beef hash, chicken the time to go an enjoy items such as their Eggplant fried steak, sausage patties, and crepes. The café Crepes ($14.95), Aragosta Melodia (lobster served also serves their world-class Huevos Rancheros over fettuccine tossed with mushrooms, garlic ($10.95), Crepe’s Benedict ($13.95) and homemade and tomatoes; finished in a lemon tarragon sauce Blueberry Pancakes ($8.50). Breakfast and lunch $41.95), or Bistecca alla Fiorentina (medallions of are served all day! filet mignon sautéed with garlic, julienne roasted bell peppers, sun dried tomatoes, pinenuts, fresh basil, marinara and white wine $42.95). Café Fiore offers a well-curated and extensive wine list. Guests can choose to pair each course with wine by the glass or bottle. Before heading over to this elegant little gem, remember to make reservations.

CROSSWORD ANSWERS ALL YOU NEED IS LOVE... 4LUNCH @ BLUE LAKE TAVERN 611 US HWY 50, GLENBROOK, NV “Local Tavern! Good Food, Good Drinks, You’re Among Friends!” If you are looking for a casual dining experience, close to home then the Blue Lake Tavern is the place to check out. It is located just down the road on Hwy 50. “Test the Waters” with a delicious Anchors Away Artichoke Dip ($11.00). Then move right into “A Boat Load of Burgers” and try the Portabella Mushroom Burger ($13.50). “After the Sun Goes Down” enjoy Tavern Tacos ($14.00) or Mom’s Spicy Pizza (Large $28.5 / Small $18.5). A “Pollywogs Kids Menu” is also available for kids 10 and under. Glenbrook Homeowners Association PO Box 447 • Glenbrook, NV 89413 • (775) 749-5266 | glenbrooktahoe.org