29898 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975 go beyond the mandate of the legislation H. Res. 730. Resolution to amend the Rules than 3 days to a day certain are excluded in which they are designed to implement; joint~ of the House of Representatives to provide the computation of the 30-day period. ly to the Committees on the Judiciary, and that the Congressional Record shall contain "(2) (A) If, after the date a standard, rule, Rules. a verbatim account of remarks actually de­ regulation, or order is transmitted pursuant By Mr. ROONEY (for himself, Mr. livered on the floor, and for other purposes; to paragraph ( 1) to the Congress and the SKUBITZ, and Mr. DEVINE): to the Committee on Rules. committees referred to in such paragraph, H.R. 9802. A bill to improve the adequacy, both Houses of Congress pass a concurrent efficiency, and financial viability of the rail resolution (described in subpar-agraph (B)) system of the United States by reforming AMENDMENTS authorizing such standard, rule, regulation, the regulatory process under which such rail or order to take effect before the expira­ system operates, by providing long-term fi· Under clause 6 of rule XXIII, pro­ tion of the 30-day period applicable to it nancial assistance for such rail system, and posed amendments were submitted as under paragraph ( 1) , such standard, rule, by amending the Regional Rail Reorganiza­ follows: regulation, or order may take effect on the tion Act of 1973 to enhance and insure the H.R. 6844 date authorized by such concurrent resolu­ private enterprise character of the Consoli~ By Mr. BUTLER: tion (unless the Commission specifies a later dated Rail Corporation; jointly to the Com­ Page 31, insert after line 25, the following effective date). mittees on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, new section: "(B) The concurrent resolution referred Public Works and Transportation, and Ways to in subparagraph (A ) is a concurrent reso­ and Means. CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF ADMINISTRATIVE AC­ TIONS OF THE COMMISSION lution the matter after the resolving clause By Mr. McFALL: of which reads as follows: "The Congress H.J. Res. 666. Joint resolution to provide SEc. 15. Section 27 of the Consumer Prod­ authorizes ------· which was transmitted to for the recognition of Filipinos as a sig­ uct Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2076) is amended by Congress on ----· 19--, to take effect on nificant minority group in the United States; adding at the end thereof the following new ------·"; the first blank space therein be­ jointly to the Committees on Post Office and subsection: ing filled with an identification of the stand­ Civil Service, and Education and Labor. "(1) (1) (A) The Commission shall transmit ard, rule, regulation, or order which is the By Mr. BELL (for himself, Mr. ADDABBO, to the Congress and the Commerce Commit­ subject of the resolution, the second blank Mr. BRODHEAD, Mr. D'AMouRs, Mr. tee of the Senate and the Interstate and For­ space being filled with the d·ate of transmital HOWARD, Mr. KEMP, Mr. LAGOMAR­ eign Commerce Committee of the House of of the standard, rule, regulation, or order, SINO, Mr. MCCOLLISTER, Mr. McDoN­ Representatives each consumer safety stand­ and the third blank space being filled with ALD of Georgia, Mr. MITCHELL of ard promulgated under this Act after the date the effective date being authorized by the New York, Mr. 0BERSTAR, Mrs. PETTIS, of the enactment of this subsection and each resol u tlon." Mr. RIEGLE, Mr. ROYBAL, Mr. RUSSO, rule, regulation, and order promulgated by H.R. 8841 Mr. SARASIN, Mr. SOLARZ, Mr. TRAX­ the Commission after such date pursuant to By Mr. KELLY: LER, Mr. TREEN, Mr. WALSH, and Mr. a specific authorization or requirement pre­ H.R. 8841, as amended, is amended as BoB WILSON): scribed by this Act, the Federal Hazardous H. Con. Res. 403. Concurrent resolution Substances Act, the Polson Prevention Pack­ follows: expressing the sense of Congress with respect aging Act of 1970, or the Flammable Fabrics (a) by striking everything after the words to the Baltic States; to the Committee on Act. If, during the first period of 30 calendar "is amended-", section 1, page 2, line 2, International Relations. days of continuous session of Congress after through page 3, line 11, and inserting in lieu By Mr. STARK: the date of its transmittal pursuant to the thereof the following: H. Con. Res. 404. Concurrent resolution preceding sentence, neither House passes a " ( 1) by inserting after the words, 'the en­ disapproving the proposed sale of certain de­ resolution stating that that House does not vironment, the Administrator' the words fense services to Saudi Arabia; to the Com­ approve such standard, rule, regulation, or 'with the concurrence of the Secretary of mittee on International Relations. order, such standard, rule, regulation, or or­ Agriculture'; and, By Mr. HUBBARD: der shall, except as provided under paragraph (2) by inserting after the words 'or classi­ H. Res. 729. Resolution to cancel the (2), be effective upon the expiration of such fication issued' in subparagraph (2) the Columbus day and Veterans Day recesses; to period or the effective date prescribed by the words 'by the Administrator with the con­ the Committee on Rules. Commission for such standard, rule, regula­ currence of the Secretary of Agriculture.'" By Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin (for tion, or order, whichever is later. (b) by striking everything after the words himself, Mr. ECKHARDT, Mr. CLEVE~ "(B) For purposes of subparagr-aph (A) of "as amended," page 3, line 13, through page LAND, Mr. FRASER, Mr. FRENZEL, Ms. this paragraph- 5, line 10, and inserting in lieu thereof the KEYS, Mr. ERLENBORN, Mr. SISK, Mr. " (i) continuity of session is broken only following: "is amended by inserting after the BOLLING, Mr. FREY, Mr. BURGENER, by an adjournment of Congress sine die; and words 'the Administrator' the words 'with the Mr. McKINNEY, Mrs. ScHROEDER, and "(11) the days on which either House is not concurrence of the Secretary of Agricul­ Mr. McEWEN): · in session because of an adjournment of more ture.'"

EXTEN.SIONS OF REMARKS HARBOR AREA CELEBRATES CUL­ to the Harbor area, and the articles have of articles spotlighting the international TURAL HERITAGE-II done an excellent job of presenting the composition of this area. contributions, and the problems, of some The final goal of most ethnic minorities is of the many nationalities which make to join the American mainstream. The mem­ HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON our district their home. OF CALIFORNIA bers of San Pedro and Wilmington's Filipino The following article deals with the community are doing this but their success IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Filipino community in the Harbor area. is causing unforeseen problems. Tuesday, September 23, 1975 Los Angeles has one of the largest Fili­ As members of the second and third gen­ pino populations in the United States, erations have become more Americanized a. Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. painful generation gap has developed be­ Speaker, one of the most unique aspects and these proud people have made many tween them and their parents and grand­ of the district I am proud to represent is positive contributions to our local heri­ parents. the remarkable diversity of cultural and tage. Their cultural background is rich Older Filipinos feel their children have be­ ethnic backgrounds displayed by the resi­ and colorful, and historically their native come so assimilated into American· culture they're in danger of completely forgetting dents of the Los Angeles Harbor area. land has had close ties with the United their Filipino heritage. On September 20-21, the community States: The senior members of the community also of San Pedro held an International Jubi­ THE MELTING POT-TWO feel powerless to reverse either of these proc­ lee at Peck Park in order to give recogni­ FILIPINO DESCENDENTS FORM VIABLE PART OF esses because of deep divisions, brought with tion to the various cultures that have HARBOR LIFE them from the islands, among the members contributed so much to the area. As a By Emanuel Parker of their own generation. part of that effort, the San Pedro News­ English is the lingua franca of the Philip­ Editor's note: We have long called our land pines and the third most popular language Pilot, a local newspaper, ran a serious of "the melting pot," but few communities behind Cebuano and Tagalog. Young Fili­ articles on the various ethnic groups. within the United States have remained such pinos in America grow up speaking English People from Eastern and Central Eu­ a. patchwork of different cultures and nation­ but must make an effort to learn their native rope, the Mediterranean, Asia, and al backgrounds and races as the San Pedro tongue. Mexico have all contributed their share and Harbor Area. This is another in a series The exact number of Filipinos in the Har- September .23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29899 bor Area is difficult to determine. Estimates ers, domestics and gardeners and 90 per cent of this, I would like to provide my col­ by members of the community range from of these were men. leagues with some independent informa­ 4,000 to 7,000 in Wilmington and San Pedro "They married late in life and didn't have tion contained in the Chase Manhattan with an equal or slightly larger number in the time or interest in improving things for Carson. their children. They thought about them­ Bank's monthly Petroleum Situation re­ Because of their scarcity, young Filipinos selves, not their kids." port. I feel the article clarifies the fi­ in the Harbor Area find it difficult to miX Mrs. Madolora said the blame for the gen­ nancial aspect of the petroleum industrY With one another and frequently admit eration or cultural gap lay with both parents today and may assist Members in their knowing few other Filipinos or to not being and children. analysis of the decontrol issue: "Older Filipinos should be finding out deeply involved in their community. PROFITS, TAXES, AND CAPITAL EXPENDITURES The last statements are common among more about America, its customs, culture young Filipinos striving for success in Ameri­ and morals. The youngsters should study Figures don't really lie-but sometimes can society. about the Philippines, its customs, their they seem to, and that can lead to confusion "On and off the job I find myself associat­ language and their past." and misunderstanding. The decline in the ing mainly with whites," said Michale Smith, But she doubted this would happen. The profits of petroleum companies this year is 25, an accountant. seniors are stubborn and set in their ways, an example. Smith said he doesn't speak Filipino and she said, and their children grow more Although they acknowledge that profits are has never visited the Philippines, about rebellious. lower, some of the news media and other which he expressed curiosity though ad­ "Parents want their childran to take a critics are quick to point out that the decline mitting he doesn't pay much attention to hand in running the community but don't is not nearly as large as the increase last developments there. want to delegate any authority to them. year. In making a comparison of that sort, The same lack of interest in their cultural That's why the young people aren't joining however, they ignore something that all and ethnic past affi.icts most of the young the neighborhood clubs and organizations, statisticians and most businessmen know: Filipinos he's acquainted with and mani­ which are slowly dying out." a. percentage increase and decrease involving fested itself plainly during his college days, Another reason for the lack of participa­ the same combination of numbers can be Smith said. tion in community clubs and organizations vastly different. For example, if a company "While other ethnic groups were forming is the numerous divisions which keep the raised its profits from 5 million dollars in clubs and organizations to celebrate their Filipino community from acting in a united 1973 to 10 million in 1974, that would be a. ethnic roots, the Filipinos did nothing, and fashion. 100 percent increase, obviously. But, if prof-. usually ended up joining other groups." The Phil.ippines are composed of more its slipped back to the 5 million dollar level Vicky del Rosario of San Pedro said pas­ than 7,000 islands whose inhabitants speak in 1975, that would be only a 50 percent sivity was a Filipino trait. "Filipinos aren't more than 70 dialects. In the islands, a decline even though the actual numerical aggressive or pushy and don't usually like to person's loyalty lies with his family, village, decrease was exactly the same as the increase draw attention to themselves by individual province or island, no further. the year before. It is worth bearing in mind action." The older Filipinos brought this attitude that conceivably there can be an increase of It isn't in the Oriental make up to be with them and Mercedes B. Arnado, pres­ several hundred percent, and even more. But aggressive, said Mrs. Cynthia Madolora. "One ident of the Filipino Community Center, said a decrease of 100 percent would reduce prof­ of the biggest adjustments a newly arrived there are several clubs in the community its to zero. It's a simple statistical fact often Filipino has to make in America is learning composed of people from the same prov­ overlooked. to become aggressive." ince. In the first half of 1975, the combined Col. Frank Smith (USA-Ret) of San Pedro "People from the same province or who profits of the 29 petroleum companies com­ said he felt the entire Filipino community speak the same dialect stick together," he prising this Bank's survey group were 35 of Los Angeles hadn't done all it could to said. "It gets very tribal. We don't cooperate percent lower than in the same period last foster its cultural heritage. with one another and lack of unity is the year. At first glance, the decline appears to "Los Angeles' Japanese and Chinese com­ main problem of the community." fall far short of offsetting the 78 percent in­ As an example he said people from the crease achieved last year. But a comparison munities have their own businesses, churches same province as Philippine President Fer­ and schools but the Filipino community is of the actual dollar amounts involved re­ scattered all over the place." dinand Marcos won't talk about him or his veals a much closer relationship. The decline As younger Filipinos become evermore a actions in public. amounted to 3 billion dollars and the in­ part of the American mainstream, the gap "They talk about him among themselves," crease was 3.7 billion. Thus, the companies he said, "but there is the feeling one have lost in 1975 more than four-fifths of between themselves and their parents widens. shouldn't criticize your own country, or peo­ "It isn't so much a generation as a cul­ the gain registered in 1974. As of now, it L

U.S. PETROLEUM STATISTICs-SUMMARIZED

July 3 mo ended July 31 Year to date Thousands of barrels daily Thousands of barrels daily Thousands of barrels daily Change Change Change 1975 1974 percent 1975 1974 percent 1975 1974 percent

Demand : Gasoline ______7,192 7, 005 +2. 7 7, 095 6, 921 +2. 5 6, 689 6,499 +2.9 Kerosene ______917 944 -2.9 918 876 +4. 8 981 918 +6.9 Distill ate ______2,129 2, 305 -7.6 2, 185 2, 382 -8. 3 2, 948 2, 964 -.~ Residual. ------2, 253 2, 439 -7.6 2, 208 2, 389 -7.6 2, 520 2, 597 -3.() All other ------3, 600 3, 875 -7.1 3, 364 3, 756 -10.4 3, 379 3, 652 -7.5 ------~------Total demand______16,091 16,568 -2.9 15, 770 16, 324 -3.4 16,517 16, 630 -.7 ======~====~======~====~======New supply: Domestic______10,520 10, 959 -4.0 10, 467 10,999 -4.8 10, 563 11 , 117 -5.0 Crude oiL------8, 350 8, 754 -4.6 8, 363 8, 812 -5.1 8, 430 8, 911 -5. 4 Natural gas liquids ______1,650 1, 697 -2.8 1, 648 1, 716 -4.0 1, 662 1, 735 -4.l Processing gain, etc______520 508 +2. 4 456 471 -3.2 471 471 ------Imports. _------6, 138 6, 488 -5.4 5, 642 6, 465 -12.7 5, 814 5, 886 -l.Z Crude oiL ______------4, 292 4, 091 +4. 9 3, 896 3, 975 -2.0 3, 798 3, 193 +18.9 Refined products______1,846 2, 397 -23.0 1, 746 2, 490 -30.0 2, 016 2, 693 -25.1 ------~------~------~------Totalnewsupply______16,658 17, 447 -4.5 16,109 17,464 -7.8 16,377 17, 003 -3.7 Crude oil refined ____ ------______===12==,=='92::=5===1==2=, 8 =1=l====c:::+=.9=== 1=2::::,,4 =0=3 ===1:::;;2,~6:=:13====_=1.=7====~====~======12. 195 11,954 +2.() Stock change in million barrels ______+17. 6 +27. 2 ------+31. 2 +104. 9 ------29.7 +79.1 ------Stocks end of period in million bbls.l: Gasoline______202. 4 Kerosene______38. 1 222. 2 -8. 9 ------Distillate ______------167. 9 42. 4 -10. 2 ------182. 5 - -8. 0 ------ResiduaL ______------60. 4 5191.· 98 +I. 0 ------Other products ______305.7 3 -2. 0 ------Total products______------774. 5 818. 8 -5. 4 ______------______------______Crude oiL______269. 5 268. 7 +. 3 ______------______Total all oils ______------______------1, 044. 0 1, 087. 5 -4. 0 ______------______------__

1 Exclude additional bulk terminal stocks included in 1975 U.S. Bureau of Mines statistics. Sources : American Petroleum Institute, Chase Manhattan Bank, United States Bureau of Mines

CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OPPOSES REESE CLEMENS STATEMENT I wonder what effects an !metal takeover TAKEOVER ATTEMPT Gentlemen: The proposed takeover of Cop­ would have on our community. perweld Corporation by Societe Imetal raises Ohio Steel Tube's payroll annually pumps many questions to each of us individually. If 13 million dollars into the Shelby-Richland HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK you are an employee, you undoubtedly have County economy--every merchant, every OF OHIO questions about job security, wages, fringe businessman, every family in this community has profited from Ohio Steel Tube's payroll IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES benefits, working conditions and other indi­ vidual concerns. As a stockholder, you have and profit sharing plan. I wonder what Tuesday, September 23, 1975 other questions, and as a supplier to Ohio Imetal's payroll and profit sharing plan would look like! I wonder what our hospital Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the at­ Steel Tube, you have yet another set of wan­ derings about the proposed takeover. facilities would be today if we had not had tempted takeover of Copperweld by the Ohio Steel Tube's help. French cartel Societe !metal has re­ While all of us have different questions, we With an !metal takeover, I wonder what all have a common ·bond-all of u.s are part would happen to the 1¥2 million dollars paid sulted in united action by the citizens of of the Shelby-Richland County Community. Shelby to oppose it. by Ohio Steel Tube for goods and services to As citizens of this area, we are interested in the businesses in this area. Recently, at a congressional hearing building and maintaining a community Ohio Steel Tube has maintained a strong in Shelby by a labor subcommittee, Mr. where we have a chance to exercise a life­ and active interest in the Shelby Chamber of Reece T. Clemens, president of the style that fits us. I believe the action of Commerce and its various community pro­ Shelby Chamber of Commerce, submitted Imetal can have an effect on our commu­ grams. I wonder 1f Imetal would be interested the following statement: nity-and is of common concern to all of u.s. in the Shelby Chamber I I wonder if Imetal September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29901 would be as concerned about Shelby's Junior comrr.ittee, "Blandford came to me, and in­ Their brand of libera.lism seems to be more Achievement program as Ohio Steel Tube is. dicated that Northrop should retain him as for "show" purposes than for real perform­ The 'Tubey' pays almost a half million a consultant. Because of his apparent com­ ance. dollars annually in Real Estate and Property peti:pg relationship with Fairchild-Hiller, I This way they have it both ways-the noble taxes to support our schools and other vital thought it best to keep him outside of a pronouncement and also the unconscionable community needs. Think about our schools, direct relationship, but still on our side." advantage for their partisans in the coming the yearbook, the football programs, the Our investigation discovered that the only elections. honors banquets, the sports banquets and plane over which Fairchild and Northrop That is modern "idealism," it seems. other school activities. I know the valuable competed in 1972 was the AX. Fairchild Keep it purely academic. But when you contributions made by Ohio Steel Tube-1 eventually got the Air Force contract, and get a chance to really grab-grab. wonder about !metal. AX became the A-10. It's worse than plain, unadorned politics, I wonder if Ohio Steel Tube's interest in There are several questions raised by this because it is the ultimate hypocrisy. supporting Shelby's many service clubs and sort of practice. For example: -C. L. DANCEY. organizations, the Boy Scouts, the Pollee Is the cost of an airplane driven up by a Auxiliary-can be matched by !metal. consultant who works for competing con­ I wonder if !metal could be as generous tractors? as Ohio Steel Tube is to the Shelby United Has Fairchild fired Blandford for his ac­ CHICKEN OR OSTRICH? Fund. The 'Tubey' is the cornerstone of our tivity with Northrop? United Fund. Without their assistance, in Those questions can't bP answered now­ money and manpower-we would not be both Fairchild officials and Blandford refuse HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON able to support the community agencies that comment. But West Islip Congressman Tom OF ILLINOIS make such a valuable contribution to the Downey, a member of the House Armed Serv­ quality of each of our lives. ices Committee, expressed his interest in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Copperweld Corporation has demonstrated findings, and asked to see the complete Tuesday, September 23, 1975 over the years that they view the 'Tubey' as report. a valuable element in their corporate growth. Mr. ANDERSON of lllinois. Mr. Speak­ This growth means job security and job op­ er, yesterday, our distinguished major­ portunities for our friends and neighbors. I WHAT THEY SAY IN PEORIA ity leader took exception in this well to wonder what plans !metal has for the Shelby President Ford's characterization of the plant employees. HON. JOHN N. ERLENBORN Congress as "chicken" on the energy All of us can list many other ways that issue. It is understandable that our ma­ Ohio Steel Tube makes its contributions to OF n.LINOIS jority leader would cry "fool" since he the well-being of Shelby. And because of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES its concern for Shelby, we recognize 'The recently claimed on national television Tubey' as a leading citizen of our town. I Tuesday, September 23, 1975 that we really do not have an energy wonder-No! I think we all wonder what Mr. ERLENBORN. Mr. Speaker, each problem. What easier way could there be kind of Shelby citizen you can be, sitting of us in this House likes to keep in step to rationalize congressional inaction on in Paris. energy over the last 9 months than to The Shelby Community does not want to with the people in his hometown, but few of us do as well in this endeavor as Rep­ deny that a problem exists? wonder about these things. We do not want All to lose a leading citizen. Our concern is real resentative ROBERT H. MICHEL. In Peoria, this despite the unveiling of the and deep. We view !metal's attempt to take people like a Congressman who says what congressional Democratic economic and over Copperweld as a very real threat to our he thinks, and acts accordingly. energy program last January 13 which security-a threat just as real and dangerous Recently, the Peoria Journal Star had called for action on an energy program as any foreign invasion of American soil. some comments about our distinguished within 90 days. To quote from that man­ minority whip and his willingness to ifesto which the majority leader has ap­ parently discarded in the interim: NORTHROP REPORTS TO WIN A-10 speak out for what he believes in: CONTRACT MERIT INVESTIGATION [From the Peoria (Dl.) Journal-Star, It now is apparent to all with the will Aug. 30, 1975) to see that the alarmingly increasing gap between domestic production and domestic HON. JEROME A. AMBRO MICHEL AND THE ADA consumption of energy (especially petro­ Americans for Democratic Action, the long­ leum) in the United States threatens not OF NEW YORK time liberal arm of the Democratic party, has on1y our basic ll81tiona;l economy but our na­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proclaimed that a candidate running against tional security as well. Just as the long term Tuesday, September 23, 1975 an incumbent faces a $488,505 handicap. solution must lie in discovering ways to It's a bit of an exaggeration but the essence increase our production of energy, our in­ Mr. AMBRO. Mr. Speaker, a recent is quite true, and ADA could have pointed it terim salvation can be found only in vastly editorial broadcast by WGSM, a prom­ out a few months ago when it might have more effective conservation measures. We inent radio station in my congressional counted. must control runaway energy consumption district, reports an apparent effort by In simple fairness, Congressman Bob if the nation is to retain economic independ­ Northrop Corp. of Los Angeles to pay a Michel did protest mightily that the so-called ence, let alone achieve stable and enduring "election reform" bill, far from being "re­ economic growth. Voluntary restrictions Fairchild Republic consultant for his form" was rigged to increase the advantages simply have not worked. More stringent knowledge, in an attempt to win the A-10 of incumbents and meanwhile restrict chal­ short-term measures are imperative. contract. lengers. He protested against the liberal I believe this broadcast is an excellent steamroller in this massively Democratic And yet, our majority leader appar­ piece of investigative reporting which Congress trying to lock themselves into office ently now sees no dangers in congres­ merits further congressional inquiry, and calling the action "election reform." sional procrastination on energy. I think and I would like to submit the full text Nobody listened. it is ironic to note that the President's of this editorial broadcast for the Nor was Bob Michel, necessarily, being no­ "chicken" speech at the Oklahoma State RECORD: ble about it. It is true that he, himself, is an Fair last Friday merely echoes the warn­ incumbent and a personal beneficiary of any ings of the Democratic energy statement RADIO BROADCAST BY WGSM, JULY 23, 1975 advantages thus bestowed and any disadvan­ In an effort, apparently to block Fairchild's tages bestowed on challengers. of last January. The President said that efforts at winning the A-10, Northrop Cor­ But it is also true that he is a Republican, congressional delays on energy legisla­ poration of Los Angeles indir6ctly paid a and when a landslide "Watergate" Congress, tion "could cause an explosion in our Fairchild consultant for his knowledge. overloaded with Democrats, sets up such an economy." In terming the Congress ''just WGSM NEWS has learned that the con­ arrangement its partisan result is to lock in plain chicken" on the energy issue, the sultant in question is John Blandford, one­ "new" Democrats and lock out Republican President explained that "too many time counsel for the House Armed Services challengers. Members of Congress refuse to acknowl­ Committee. Blandford became a consultant Whether his motives were noble or practi­ edge the realities of the energy situa­ for Fairchild in July, 1972. Two months later, cal, Bob Michel was right and said so when Northrop official Frank DeFrancis began hardly anybody else had the guts to say so. tion." How else can one explain the fact paying Blandford $12 thousand a year to do Now, months later ADA comes along to play that the 3-month deadline on energy leg­ consulting work on a firm DeFra.ncis owned. its usual angelic role after the question is islation has now been stretched to 9 The money DeFrancis used came from moot. months with still no solution in sight, Northrop, and the disbursement was au­ Where were they when chastising their own and that the Democrats wanted to fur­ thorized by Northrop president Frank Jones. "liberal" gang would have meant something? ther delay the day-of-reckoning by an- DePrancls allegedly told a congressional sub- Sllent. other 6 months-well into an election 29902 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975 year? Fortunately, the veto of that ex­ Instead, we simply bypass that whole prin­ Because of its participation m the his­ tension was sustained. ciple and the very act of debating starts out tory of the fight for female equality, I Mr. Speaker, if anything the President with an assumption that the subject matter is automatically "ours" to do with as we can think of no more appropriate loca­ was being kind to the Congress in using choose. "Ours" meaning Congress! tion for such a hall of fame than the term "chicken." If anything, the That kind of persistent and growing pre­ Seneca Falls. Democratic leadership has displayed all sumption is a grave danger to this free so­ the qualities of an ostrich with its collec­ ciety. It is socialism by assumption. tive head in the sand when it comes to It is more sinister a trick of the language energy. And one need only observe the influencing the habits of mind than any of A PLEA FOR COMMON SENSE IN size of the egg the Democrats have laid the language claims from "Ms" to "persons" CAMPAIGNING BY HON. ROBERT that some folks are trying to straighten out. N.C. NIX to date on energy to demonstrate the It's a road we can't afford to travel until we proof of that statement. find ourselves at the wrong destination with­ out even realizing where we are going. You ought to have to do something more HON. ROBERT N. C. NIX than just "win the argumen,t" before you OF PENNSYLVANIA WHOSE WHEAT IS IT? run roughshod over the rights of those di­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rectly involved to dispose of their own production. Tuesday, September 23, 1975 HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL This habit of mind will not stop with Mr. NIX_Mr. Speaker, the obscene and OF ILLINOIS wheat if we persist in it. It will invade the sad gesture by the deranged woman IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES basic rights of every one of us. in San Francisco yesterday in attempting And there isn't a good enough reason Tuesday, September 23, 1975 around. to murder our friend, our former col­ C. L. DANCEY. league and the President of the United Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, recently, States is one that would give comfort we have witnessed a considerable up­ only to those crities of America who im­ roar over whether or not to sell "our" ply that we are not a civilized society. grain to the Soviets. Some have said we SENECA FALLS, N.Y.-A LANDMARK The media coverage given to assassins, should, and so assist the U.S. economy IN WOMEN'S RIGHTS kooks and conspiracy theories like the and the balance of trade. Others have full moon in gothic literature brings out argued that we should not, and thereby the latent impulses in those among us help keep consumer prices down. HON. WILLIAM F. WALSH who lust after notoriety. Lost in the whole argument has been OF NEW YORK This type of incident is a seasonal type a very simple fact, and that is that "our" IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of event. It will inspire others. A moment grain is not "ours" at all. It belongs to Tuesday, September 23, 1975 in the publicity sun is something that the farmers who, by dint of their invest­ the most lonely and unhappy among us ment and hard work, produced it. In a Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speaker, in 1848, crave. Arthur Bremmer who after his at­ free society, it is just not possible to ra­ Seneca Falls was the site of the first tempted murder of a Presidential candi­ tionalize the right of politicians, or any­ women's rights convention in the United date, as he was being dragged to his cell, one else, to dictate to a farmer to whom States. Since that time, this small Finger asked how much his jailer thought he he may sell his wheat. It is his, and not Lakes community has continued to serve should ask for his book. ours. as a milestone in the long battle for The American people understand the An excellent exposition of this truth feminine equality. terrible need to find new forms of com­ appeared recently in the Peoria Journal In 1948, Seneca Falls was chosen as munication with them. Star, and I would like to include that the site for the first day of issue cere­ It is time to return to the fireside chat. editorial in the RECORD at this point: mony for the Progress of Women Com­ It is time to return to the front porch WHOSE WHEAT Is IT? memorative Stamp. Finally, just last campaign. The real core of national attitudes is re­ month, Seneca Falls was again picked for It is time to abandon slogans, hoopla, ve,aled not in the policy arguments we have, a first day of issue ceremony, this time frenzied crowds and send the theories, but in the assumptions we make as the basis honoring the stamp for International for those arguments-and some of them stage props and other devices that go today in this whole "wheat for Russia" dis­ Women's Year. with it back to Hollywood where it sprang cussion are truly alarming. I think it is especially fitting that the from in the first place. Everybody has his own opinion on what Postmaster General of the United States, It is time to bring back the Lincoln­ we ought to do with our wheat. Benjamin F. Bailar, decided to hold the Douglas type of campaigning. So it all starts with the assumption that ceremony at Eisenhower College, one of The next Presidential campaign is one it is "our wheat." the newest and brightest additions to the to look forward to in dread. If we have Is it? Seneca Falls community. Hell, no! Not if this is still America and not learned the lesson of San Francisco, not some totalitarian state. The primary design feature of the and Sacramento, a new tragedy may be It's wheat that belongs to the farmers stamp is a white dove emerging from the in store for us. who produced it. It isn't the property of the top of the symbol representing woman. The American people look for a return labor unions or the politicians. It doesn't In the upper right corner is an equal to plain talk, clarity, logic, and just plain belong to me, or to Sen. Percy or Sen. Steven­ sign representing the equality of women. common sense. The front porch of the son or President Ford or George Meany. In the background, in blue and white, is White House, the front room of Presiden­ Yet, the very first step of the whole argu­ m ent jumps that hurdle automatically and an artistic representation of a pattern tial candidates homes and the miracle of expropriates the wheat by making it "ours." which globe makers might use in making radio and television lie at hand. These It is no more "our" wheat than your a globe. This emphasizes the interna­ are just as worthy platforms as media h ou se and car--.and kids-are "ours" to be tional significance of International events. disposed of as the politicians see fit. Women's Year. For the above reasons I would urge that This habit of thinking which simply re­ Participating in the ceremony were the President set an example for the sumes to extinction the rights of growers, the acting president of Eisenhower Col­ Presidential campaign by beginning a se­ builders, makers, and owners and simply leaps the gap to assume a right of public lege, Joseph D. Coffee, Jr.; the postmaster ries of fireside chats now, and base his disposition of anything that politicians dis­ of Seneca Falls, fiances J. Pagano; Rev. appeal for the understanding of his views cuss is a habit that wipes out, subtlely, the Charles E. Bollinger, rector, Trinity Epis­ on this means. It served Franklin Roose­ very essence of American society and peo­ copal Church; Kirk Casey, Seneca Fall~ velt well in another difficult time in ple's rights. American Legion Post 366; and the American history. There has to be, indeed, a compelling over­ Mynderse Academy Concert Band with If the President does so, his rivals will riding and demonstrable reason for the gov­ Director JohnS. Pratt. have to meet the same challenge by aban­ ernment-or the majority-to "take over" those rights in any given instance. There are plans afoot to make Seneca doning the propaganda of created mass When it is debatable, the doubt should be Falls the permanent seat for the future frenzy in staged media events on street resolved on the side of freedom and the recognition of women in America by corners throughout the land. rights of the real creators of the material. creating a Women's Hall of Fame there. This is a time for commonsense. Most September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29903 Americans know this because we are a rising standard of living wrought through is not even a cross reference in the separate reflective people. After all, how many the beneficence of Soviet power, at times articles on the Central Asian republics. people have rushed to street corners to render portions of these articles worthy con­ Peculiar slants occur also in references to tributions to Soviet Life or any similar organ. cultural history. None of the descriptions of touch any candidate for public office? Since Macmillan is in the process of publish­ the cultural heritage of the Central Asian We are still impressed by clarity of ing an English translation of the Great So­ peoples makes any mention of connections thought and by common sense. viet Encyclopaedia, which will provide the with the Islamic world. The only reference The American people are ready for American reader with a cornucopia of the to Islam is its identification as the religion quiet communication. The time to begin most recent official Soviet views on almost of the believing minority of the Tadzhik pop­ is now. any topic imaginable, the use of the Britan­ ulation. nica as a vehicle for a similar exposition be­ Another result of the uncritical presenta­ comes even more questionable. tion of Soviet articles on the national re­ The greater portions of the articles are de­ publics is a whole host of linguistic fallacies ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA GOES voted to geography, flora, and fauna. With and inconsistencies. While the distortions LEFT these presentations no argument can be of fact are virtually an unavoidable result ot made. It is rather the areas of history, social the use of Soviet authors, linguistic sloppi­ organization, economics, and culture which ness is clearly the fault of the Britannica HON. LARRY McDONALD are replete with dubious statements or in­ editorial staff. The national languages of the sinuations. Much of this is the result of the constituent republics are not reflected in OF GEORGIA unawareness on the part of the editors of most of the articles, all of which show un­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Britannica of differing Soviet and West­ mistakable signs of being translations from Tuesday, September 23, 1975 ern definitions of such key terms as "democ­ the Russian. There is no uniformity of treat­ racy" and "elections." Unqualified state­ ment of geographical or personal names, or Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. ments about communal ownership of the of literary titles. Some are rendered in Eng­ Speaker, in the June issue of Slavic Re­ means of production, about elections to or­ lish, but many are left untranslated in Rus­ view, American Quarterly of Soviet and gans of political representation, or about the sian posing as the originals. The twelfth­ East European Studies, a book review size of affairs. At times, this is coupled with century Georgian poet Shota Rustaveli would of "The New Encyclopedia Britannica in subtle disinformation. Various designations have been most surprised that he demon­ of the Communist Party: "the guiding politi­ strated the Georgian "national genius" by 30 Volumes," 15th edition by Prof. cal organization," "the leading political or­ writing Vityaz v tigrovoy shkure. The Ukrain­ Romuald J. Misiunas of Williams Col­ ganization," "the most important political ian name for its Soviet republic is not "So­ lege, revealed that Soviet authorities had organization," "the dominant political vetskaya Ukraina" as in Russian but rather written the articles on the 15 Soviet Re­ group, "the major political party," or the "Radianskaia Ukraina." Had Ivan Franko publics for Britannica. This, of course, organization by which "political life in the been writing in Russian, he would have writ­ resulted in some very propagandistic ma­ republic is largely determined," all may ten Borislav Smeyetsa; the appropriate terial. The Washington Post of Septem­ imply the existence of other political orga­ Ukrainian is Borislav usmikhaetsia. nizations as well. Only the article on the A certain amount of orthographical vari­ ber 19, 1975, further reported that a Georgian SSR makes the statement, unintel­ ance in Latinized spellings of transliterations member of the Polish Communist Party ligible to those unfamiliar with Soviet polit­ from the Russian in relation to languages wrote the article on Poland as did a ica! institutions, that "all the elections for which are not written in a Latin alphabet Czech Communist for Czechoslovakia the organs of power and justice take place can be expected because of varied systems and who did not even mention the Soviet according to a single system." of transliteration. But these should be con­ invasion of 1968 in the article on his The articles on the non-Russian republics sistent. Why, for instance, is the capital of country. If an encyclopedia is supposed suffer more particular shortcomings than Armenia spelled Yerevan when the Belorus­ the lengthy article on the RSFSR. Only five sian SSR is not spelled Byelorussian SSR? to contain basic facts, they are just not of the fourteen articles (Estonia, Georgia, In dealing with the Baltic republics whose going to be there when written by Soviet Latvia, Lithuania, and the Ukraine) were languages are written in the Latin alphabet, propagandists from Novosti or other East written by residents of their respective re­ the various uncorrected transliterations by European Communists. The review from publics. Of these only the authors of three way of Russian produce veritable orthograph­ Slavic Review follow so that my col­ (Estonia, Georgia, and Lithuania) are un­ ical eyesores to anyone familiar with these leagues can have the benefit of the full mistakably members of the respective repub­ languages. The only merit of such transliter­ review that has been mentioned in the fican majority nationality. ations is an approximation of pronunciation. It is not surprising that much that is de­ But if that be a virtue, one could suggest, press: batable in the area of Soviet nationality among others, improvements in rendering ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRrrANNICA GOES LEFT questions is presented uncritically solely the capital of France as "Pahree," Zurich as The Encyclopaedia Britannica has long en­ from an official point of view. In accordance "Tsyurikh," or Marseilles as "Mahrsay." joyed a reputation for high standards; in one with long-establish Soviet practice, there is While the articles on the Estonian and respect, the recent new edition falls disap­ an effort to downplay the linguistic affinities Latvian SSR's do not seem to be great offend­ pointingly short of the quality of previous between certain republican nationalities and ers in this regard, the linguistic and ortho­ editions. At a time of increased American neighbors beyond the Soviet frontiers. The graphic legerdemain becomes most remark­ interest in the USSR, it would seem particu­ most striking case is the claim in the article able in the articles on the Lithuanian SSR. larly important that the principal American on the Azerbaijan SSR that "many experts Some geographic names are neither Lithuan­ general source of reference contain accurate agree that the languages of these peoples ian nor Russian, such as Zheymay-Myarkis information about the Soviet Union. The fif­ [Medes, Albanians, and Caspians] formed the Plain or the Zhemay Upland. The rest of the teen articles included on the constituent basis of modern Azerbaijanian, its Turkish geographical and personal names are given republics of the USSR, written by Soviet elements being the result of later borrow­ in Russian transliteration only as if they scholars, and translated (sometimes rather ings." For similar political reasons there nat­ were the Lithuanian originals. Mr. Miezelaitis poorly) into English, demonstrate a clear urally cannot be any hint that Moldavian might be offended to see himself listed as disregard by the editors of the Britannica uf is considered by many non-Soviet experts to Mezhelaytis and to discover that he wrote their own guidelines as expounded in the be a dialect of Rumanian. The article on Chelovek instead of Zmogus. Juozas (not Propaedia: "Objectivity and neutrality: (a) the Moldavian SSR carries no general de­ Yuozas) Baltusis wrote Parduotos vasaros Articles should be so written that they avoid scription of the Moldavian language. Even (Sold Summers) instead of Prodannye gody. expressions of bias or prejudice on any mat­ the wartime Rumanian occupation in meta­ Krov i pepel should be Kraujas ir pelonos, ter about which a respectable and reasonable morphosed into the "Nazi aggression and oc­ and its author's name should be spelled differenca of opinion exists. (b) Further, in cupation." Justinas Marcinkevicius instead of the tor­ all areas in which the scholarly world The sections on history are particularly tuous Yustinas Martsinkyavichyus. The Lith­ acknowledges significant and reputable dif­ deficient. Most of the articles avoid pre­ uanian folk songs are dainos rather than fer£:nces of opinion, diverse views concerning Soviet history altogether. In some cases, this dayny, and the composer-painter who died in such differences should be fairly presented, is compensated for by other articles by non­ 1911 was M. K. Ciurlionis rather than though the majority or accepted view may Soviet scholars under a number of different Chyurlionis. be so d~signated" (p. xv). headings, such as "Russia, History of," "The On the basis of the foregoing, which by The use of Soviet experts for articles which Baltic States, History of the," or "Urartu far does not represent an inclusive list of touch on aspects~ of internal Soviet politics and Armenia, History of." Although these errors, inconsistencies, infelicities, and highly is bound to result in a rehash of the official do in a sense balance some of the lack of debatable statements, it can only be con­ point of view current at the moment, which coverage of the past of non-Russian areas cluded that the fifteen Britannica articles on in many cases enjoys only a tenuous connec­ in the USSR, some areas such as the Ukraine, the republics of the USSR are not a reliable tion with what we in the West consider ob­ Georgia, or Azerbaijan receive very little his­ source of information on the USSR. The edi­ jective fact. The peculiar style of the prose torical coverage. The pre-Soviet histories of tors state in their Propaedia: "No matter how and the organization of the content, the the Central Asian peoples are covered in the clearly the new Britannica manifests its usual overdone statistical paean to an ever- article "Turkistan, History of.," to which theM other qualities, it will fail to the extent that 29904 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975 inaccuracy renders its contents undepend­ primarily as a storage facility for elec­ would destroy a way of life for the people able" (p. xiv). This should suggest that the tric power generated elsewhere. During who live along the river-some on plots policy of unqualified use of Soviet sources periods of relatively low demand, power granted to their ancestors by Charles of in future editions needs re-evaluation. generated by other facilities would be England in pre-Revolution times. These ROMUALD J. MISIUNAS, Williams College. used to pump water uphill from the lower people are, almost unanimously, over­ reservoir to the upper reservoir. During whelmingly opposed to construction of peak demand periods, water from the the dams. upper reservoir would :flow through the The bill I am introducing today is sim­ THE NEW RIVER-LIKE IT IS generators, creating additional power for ilar to a New River study bill which was transmission to distant points, and the considered by the 93d Congress. That bill, :flow would be impounded once again in which would have been the first step HON. STEPHEN L. NEAL the lower reservoir until another re­ toward permanent preservation of the OF NORTH CAROLINA pumping cycle began. river, passed in the Senate by a margin IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Because more energy is required to of 49 to 19 and received a favorable vote Tuesday, September 23, 1975 pump water uphill than can be generated of 196 to 181 in the House. Unfortunately, by its release, the project would be a net the bill reached the House :floor under Mr. NEAL. Mr. Speaker, I am today energy user. In fact, it would consume a suspension of the rules and the neces­ introducing legislation which will desig- four units of energy for each three units sary two-thirds majority was not nate a 26.5-mile segment of the New it produced. A more sensible approach achieved. Nevertheless, a clear majority River in North Carolina as a component to the peak load demand problem would in both houses of the Congress demon­ of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers be a reduction in demand through peak strated their desire to block construction System. Despite its name, the New River load pricing. To obliterate a national of the dams and preserve the river. With is, in fact, the second oldest river in the treasure such as the New River in order respect to the bill I am now introducing, world and the oldest in the Western to build another peak load generating the substantive issues are exactly the Hemisphere. The valley through which facility is hardly a practical solution, same. Furthermore, since the vote last it :flows was a migratory route for pre- particularly when such a facility would year on the study bill, the North Caro­ historic men and contains invaluable be a net energy consumer. lina General Assembly has included the archeological evidence of the earliest In addition to the dubious claims of 26.5-mile segment in the State's Natural human life in North America. In addi- energy benefits, the FPC, in its decision and Scenic Rivers System. The State has tion, the New River is one of the last to grant the license, placed heavy em­ prepared a management plan for the free-:ft.owing, unpolluted streams in the phasis on its projections of the recre­ segment and has secured, or will secure, eastem United States and is a favorite ational benefits which would derive from necessary easements and land acquisi­ haunt of canoeists and fishermen. the project. Those "benefits" are highly tion. Under State management-which The New River is geologically signi:ft.- questionable. The two reservoirs would my bill would authorize-the Federal cantly because it was spared the destruc- be subject to wide :fluctuations in water Government would acquire no substan­ tion wrought by the glaciers of the level during both phases of the weekly tial financial burden or responsibility. Pleistocene era. Yet it now faces destruc- pumping cycle. Only the upper reservoir The State of North Carolina has peti­ tion, equally as final, by the bulldozers would have significant recreation poten­ tioned the Department of the Interior to of Appalachian Power Co.: Appalachian tial, and it would experience up to a 10- accept its management plan and to des­ proposes to dam the river in order to foot drawdown. Because the shoreline­ ignate the chosen section a component of build a twin-dam, pumped storage facil- vertical ratio is 5 to 1 in that topography, the National Wild and Scenic Rivers Sys­ ity to provide peak load power for its a 10-foot drawdown would produce a 50- tem. However, four recent changes in customers in the Midwest. The Federal foot mud:ft.at. Moreover, the water level Secretaries of the Interior have delayed Power Commission has granted a license, would be lowest on Friday nights, the consideration of the State's request and which became effective January 2, 1975, beginning of its heaviest period of recre­ have created an air of uncertainty. permitting construction of these dams. ational use. Access to the shoreline would If the river is to be protected in all its However, the State of North Carolina be impeded, and instead of a serene vista, natural grandeur from the ravages of has contested the propriety of the license the visitor would behold a quagmire fit technology, it is necessary that the Con­ on grounds that the FPC did not give · for turtles, perhaps, but not for sunbath­ gress act in this case as it has acted to sufficient consideration to the environ- ers. Even more important, that area of protect many other wild and scenic mental damage which would result from North Carolina already abounds in fiat­ rivers. My bill would accomplish that building the dams. The U.S. Court of water expanses suitable for recreation, purpose. Specifically, it would designate Appeals in the District of Columbia has whereas the New River, in its free-:flowing as a component of the National Wild suspended the license pending disposi- state, has a unique recreational poten­ and Scenic Rivers System a 26.5-mile tion of North Carolina's petition. Even if tial. According to the North Carolina De­ portion of the New River which is in­ the State of North Carolina should be partment of Natural and Economic Re­ cluded in the management plan devel­ successful in its suit, there is every in- sources, it is the best smallmouth bass oped by the State of North Carolina. dication that the Federal Power Com- fishery in the State. It would be replaced, Furthermore, it provides that the desig­ mission would once again license this if the dams were built, by reservoirs nated segment of the river be managed questionable project. Congressional ac- which the Environmental Protection in accordance with the State's plan, tion is necessary to insure that the New Agency has characterized as being of which Department of the Interior al­ River will be protected. This can be ac- "questionable biological productivity." ready has acknowledged meets appro­ complished best by placing the river in Although construction of the dams priate criteria as set forth in the Wild our National Wild and Scenic Rivers would provide perhaps as many as 1,500 and Scenic Rivers Act. System. jobs on a temporary basis, it would inun- The time is growing late, Mr. Speaker, In deciding to grant a license to this date between 1,000 and 1,500 family for the Congress to intercede. The dark project the Federal Power Commission farms. Nearly 3,000 persons would be dis­ curtain of history is being drawn across has demonstrated that it, like other inde- placed and dispossessed. Approximately the valley of the New, where thousands pendent regulatory agencies, appears to 40,000 acres of land-including 29,000 of years ago the truly first Americans be more responsive to the desires af the acres now devoted to agricultural uses­ huddled about their fires, shaping their industries it regulates than to the needs would be :flooded, wiping out an annual spears or gazing into the starry night. and concerns of the public, whose in- farm income of $13.5 million. Proponents terests it is intended to protect. Appa- of the power project claim it would save It is a river and its valleys which was lachlan Power Co.'s twin-dam proposal $3 million a year over alternative peak once described by Senator Sam Ervin, is questionable from any point of view- load operations. But even if one grants in pleading that the New River be pre­ whether economic, environmental, or that such peak load facilities are neces­ served, as "the handiwork of Almighty recreational. sary, the $3 million benefit must be bal- God, which was present when the mor­ The proposed project for which the anced against the $13.5 million loss. ning and evening stars sang together at river would be sacrificed would serve Finally, construction of the dams the dawn of creation.'' September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29905 PARMADALE CELEBRATES 50TH Funding comes from a variety of sources, gress are, in my opinion, simply a polit­ ANNIVERSARY including the United Torch Fund and cath­ ically motivated attempt to feather his olic Charities. own nest. But, I think the people of The 50th anniversary celebration starts this Saturday with an "all-American picnic" America will soon come to realize this, HON. RONALD M. MOTTL sponsored by the Knights of Oolumbus. It and then the chickens will come home to OF OHIO continues with various events until an an­ roost. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES niversary Mass and dinner Saturday, Sept. 27, concelebra.ted by Bishop Jrunes Hickey, Tuesday, September 23, 1975 Bishop Raymond Gallagher of Lafayette, SECRET SERVICE Mr. MOTTL. Mr. Speaker, I ask my Ind., and diocesan priests. colleagues to join with me in paying trib­ A public open house will be held from 2 to 5 p.m. Sunday, Sept. 21. Parma.dale is at ute to one-half century of progress of 6753 State Rd. HON. JAMES G. MARTIN Parmadale Children's Village of St. Vin­ cent DePaul which is "home" to some OF NORTH CAROLUNA 250 youngsters between the ages of three IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and 21. FOUL Tuesday, September 23, 1975 This fine institution, located in my dis­ Mr. MARTIN. Mr. Speaker, the at­ trict, will officially celebrate its 50th an­ tempted assassination of President Ford niversary on Saturday, September 27. HON. ALLAN T. HOWE yesterday is alarming and cause for con­ An article by Peter Almond in the OF UTAH cern. It is also alarming and cause for Cleveland Press on September 8, 1975, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES concern that Members of Congress are portrays the role played by Parmadale using this as a springboard to call for in Greater Cleveland. The article reads Tuesday, September 23, 1975 a congressional investigation of the as follows: Mr. H;OWE. Mr. Speaker, I note that Secret Service. PARMADALE To MARK ITS 50TH ANNIVERSARY our distinguished majority leader, the While it is proper for any citizen to (By Peter Almond) Honorable TIP O'NEILL, recently cried raise questions about the effectiveness of Fifty years ago, State Road in Parma, an "foul" at President Ford's attempt to the procedures used to protect the Presi­ area of gentle, wooded hills in the country­ pluck at the emotions of the people by dent, a question must also be raised as to side, became home to a group of orphan boys. calling the Congress "chicken." what good it would do to intrude con­ It was a unique experiment, the first cot­ I, too, would like to object to this at­ tage-plan institution in the world. gressional expertise into those proce­ This week the Instituion, Pa.rmadale Chil­ tempt by the President to duck his own dures. The Secret Service does not need dren's Vlllage of St. Vincent DePaul, is pre­ responsibility by trying to make it appear exposure of its operations by congres­ paring to celebrate its 50th anniversary by that the Members of Congress have egg sional committees. All that would achieve trying to tell the world how it has progressed on their faces. I think the Members of would be: First, headlines for Congress. since those early days. this distinguished body have a lot to and second, blueprints for potential as­ When it was opened by the Cleveland crow about. sassins. Catholic Diocese and St. Vincent De Paul The President, evidentally, would like Society on Sept. 27, 1925, Parmadale con­ These recent events spotlight the es­ sisted of a school, church, 14 cottages, gym­ the Congress to take under its wing, sential problem that protective proce­ nasium, parish house and laundry on 360 every scheme he hatches and make it dures can never be foolproof. To ap­ acres of land. work. But this Congress, fortunately, has proach that standard would require Basically nothing has changed. not been content to follow the President's wholesale violation of the rights of law­ But now there are 17 cottages, a hospital, rather scrambled approach to solving abiding citizens. These events focus on dental clinic, variety of recreational equip­ this Nation's problems. Not that we are two potential assassins who got through ment, facilities for students with learning hardboiled about it--when the Presi­ the protective net, burt ignore the hun­ disabilities, and a budget of $1,200,000 a year. dent has proposed good programs this The land area has been cut down to 178 dreds who were kept from the vicinity. acres, but other changes have opened the Congress has not been reluctant to pro­ Even so, the Secret Service is itself more facility to girls-100 of the 250 youngsters nounce them "grade A" and pass them. acutely aware of any procedural short­ there are girls-and the village has become But, frankly, very often when the Presi­ comings than anyone else. They do not home to "problem" children as well as those dent proposes a program, he simply lays need to be told publicly how to revise who have no families. an egg. If this Congress had passed some their procedures. Parmadale takes children from the ages of the President's programs that were Certainly, the President, if he has res­ of three to 18 or 21. Most are referred to obviously doomed to failure, we would Cuyahoga County social workers or Juvenile ervations about the level of protection he Court authorities, but others come from sur­ now be in the position of having to recoup gets, can deal with those arrangements rounding counties. our losses. directly. He should not have to disclose According to Parmadale administrator But this Congress has worked and is how he does it. If he needs congressional Father John Leahy, there is now only one working hard at good solutions to help, be knows he can get it on request. child there who could truly be described as America's problems-we have taken up For example, while I do not expect the an orphan. the yoke and we are rolling along toward President to isolate himself from the peo­ "The average age of our youngsters is responsible programs. ple, I do expect unannounced changes in 13 Y:z ,'' said Fr. Leahy. "Ten years ago, it was seven. It seems the early teens are becom­ Some people may charge that the his modus operandi that will decrease ing increasingly difficult for more children." progress of Congress toward solutions to risks as they are perceived. It would de­ For much of the year, the children who such problems as the economy and stroy the protective purposes of those would normally be at public or private energy is so slow, that the Congress is changes if the curiosity of Members of schools in grades one through eight attend working by the hunt and peck method. Congress or reporters insisted on know­ the non-graded school on the grounds. Fr. But, if it is true that we are pecking away ing the details. Leahy said they get individualized instruc­ at problems and that we sometimes seem Do tion and cl·!l.ss size averages 13 pupils. we really need to know or com­ The high school students go out to nine to be scratching around for ideas, it is ment knowingly on the type of protective high schools in the county, both public and equally true that this Congress is taking clothing he wears or does not wear? Do parochial. such a slow and deliberate course of we really need to advertise the vulnerable The average length of stay at Parma.dale is action in order to make sure that in cur­ points in his schedule? Do we really need three years, during which time they live in ing our Nation's ills, we do not kill the to publicize the kinds of personality traits the cott!l.ges with youngsters their own age goose that lays the golden egg by at­ that attract the attention of the Secret and sex. tempting to gain too much too soon. Of Service investigations of potential assas­ These children, including those from the course, we cannot brood over problems newly-merged St. Anthony's Home for Boys, sins? are cared for by house parents and a staff forever, and I do not think this Congress Let us simply be thankful that Presi­ of 130 who work to give each child the con­ has. dent Ford has been spared. Let us leave centrated attention he or she needs. The President's charges against Con- to his office and the Secret Service the 29906 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975 uncluttered responsibility of a very dif­ atmosphere. Not so, says Robert H. Ablanalp Now comes the happy news from Disney­ ficult job on our behalf. And let us avoid whose patents cover the device on shaving land East that under the recent amendments doing for the Secret Service what we are cream, hair sprays .and a multitude of other to the Federal Voting Rights Act all of Ari­ uses. Thanks to his large fortune, this close zona's 14 counties must print all ballots and doing to the CIA. friend of Richard Nixon was able to provide election materials in both English and the former President wi·th a retreat on the Spanish since Spanish (to quote the govern­ Bahamian bay he owns as the network of mentese) is the "major minority language". Watergate closed around him. What about the minor minorities? As usual. THE ENVIRONMENT: A DISMAL The conflict over admission of the Con­ the Texans are being totally ignored. PROSPECT corde, the supersonic aircraft on which Bri­ I called a friend of mine when I heard tain and France have put such a large stake, about this racial rip-off and 11e agreed with is certain to grow. The environmentalists me that it was the most flagrant case of HON. RICHARD L. OTTINGER charge that allowing it to land at Kennedy discriminati-on he had ever encountered. My OF NEW YORK and Dulles airports would contribute not friend, Billy Jim Culpepper, was born in only to noise pollution but it would also en­ Middlin, Texis (Texanese for Midland. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES danger the protective layer that screens radi­ Texas). Billy Jim voted for F .D.R. but claims Tuesday, September 23, 1975 ation from the sun. he never unde·rstood a word that was uttered The federal government has authority to in a fireside chat. He can't even understand a Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, we are grant landing rights at Dulles while the Gallo Wine C·ommercial. In spite of this social hearing frequently these days that en­ power over Kennedy rests in New York. In handicap, he owns a caddylack equipped with vironmental considerations are interfer­ any event, a court suit is certain to chal­ a redlot and sireen. He has an areplane too. ing with the Nation's ability to move lenge any affirmative action. This could mean that he uses in his bidness. While he lives in ahead, that that segment of our society long delays with the British and French in­ Fote Wooth, he owns some cotton fields south which advocates increased environmen­ creasingly annoyed, since New York in par­ of Chandler which the guvment pays him a. ticular is a major traffic center. Denial might substy on. Billy Jim usually wears white socks tal protection is a small minority that even mean some form of retaliation on land­ and Countess Mara ties and belongs to the should not be heeded in these troubled ing rights for Paris and London, so intense Peetroleeum Club in Dallis. His boots are times. is the feeling about the Concorde and the made by an ol 'boy who wuks ot of the back I would like to commend to my col­ chances to recover some of the several billion room of a meat market in Austin. He belongs leagues the excellent 'article by Marquis dollars put into i·ts development. to the Lone Star Cuntneyclub in Odessa, he Childs in today's Washington Post, in This is only to touch on certain of the areas wants to move to Ripton, Vermont but kaint which he describes extremely well just where environment is pitted against develop­ speak the language. ment and production. Strip mining and the Billy Jim likes the new Federal Voting how deeply imbedded in our national exploitation of coal deposits in the wide open Rights amendment and is mounting a strong consciousness is an environmental ethic, spaces of the West are the focus of sharp con­ drive to have all ballots printed in Texan. He a concern for the Earth. In the interest troversy as the demand for sources of energy hopes the guvment will go a step faather and of sharing this thoughtful statement to supplant oil grows in volume. make all the pollyticians give their campain with my colleagues, I am entering it in The environmentalists have their freak, speaches in his native tongue. Next time he the RECORD for today: far-out fringe. But the roots of conservation wants to know who the hell he is votin' for. THE ENVffiONMENT: A DISMAL PROSPECT and saving America's natural beauty go deep into the early years of this century. (By Marquis Childs) We had great naturalists such as John Muir The epitaph that the poet John Keats who wrote with devotion and a kind of poetry CATHY ELIZABETH EVERETT RE­ proposed in despair at the close of his short of the splendors of an America untouched life was, "Here lies one whose name was writ by the developer and the highway builder. CEIVES AMERICAN RED CROSS on water." While the enduring beauty of A .country sealed over with concrete is a CERTIFICATE OF MERIT Keats' poetry has stood the test of time, sterile and depressing prospect. The ever that epitaph could .serve for those swelling growing number of species vanishing before the flow of ephemeral writing that is pour­ the onrush of "progress" leave us wi·th pre­ HON. DON FUQUA ing off the presses in increasing volume. cious survivors. It was a response to this OF FLORIDA But there are notable exceptions and one dismal prospect that Rachel Carson stirred is a book that stirred a storm of contra· tn "Silent Spring." And the environmental­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES versy and brought a major change in the ists are going into action to try to save the Tuesday, September 23, 1975 national environment. Rachel Carson's gains she helped to bring about. "Silent Spring," published in 1961, drama­ Mr. FUQUA. Mr. Speaker, on Septem­ tized the threat of the pesticide DDT to ber 16, 1975, Cathy Elizabeth Everett, 16- bird and animal life. So strong was the pro­ year-old daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John test "Silent Spring" aroused that Congress NOW AND THEN W. Everett of Gainesville, Fla ., received enacted drastic restraints on. the indiscrim­ the American Red Cross Certificate of inate use of DDT. Merit. Once again the issue is in the news over HON. SAM STEIGER proposed amendments that environmental­ This is the highest award given by the ists charge would greatly we·aken these re· OF ARIZONA Red Cross to a person who saves or sus­ straints. The Department of Agriculture IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tains a life using skills learned during would be given in effect a veto power over Tuesday, September 23, 1975 Red Cross training programs. rulings of the Environmental Protection Miss Everett's act was a real call of Agency. The way would be open for whole­ Mr. STEIGER of Arizona. Mr. Sn·eaker, courage and selfless dedication and one sale use of the pesticide that had begun to Mr. Budge Ruffner of Prescott, Ariz., is that we can all be very proud of. work such havoc on wildlife. a man of many interests and talents, one On April 26, 1975, Cathy, trained in The issue is, however, broader than DDT. of which is writing an editorial page It covers a wide range, pitting the environ­ Red Cross water safety, was present mentalists against business and industrial in­ column in the Paper, a Prescott weekly. when an accident occurred at a condo­ terests who contend that crusading extrem­ In his column of September 11, Mr. Ruff­ minium swimming pool. ists are seriously hampering American pro­ ner comments on the Federal Voting A young woman had submerged, failed ductivity. This argument is reinforced by Rights Act and its application to Arizona. to surface, and was lying face down on the recession and its import on industrial The editorial follows: output. the bottom of the pool. At once Cathy [From the Prescott (Ariz.) Paper, Sept. 11, jumped into the water, retrieved the vic­ Russell Train, the embattled head of the 1975] Environmental Protection Agency, is fight­ tim and brought her to the edge of the ing to hold emission standards on the motor Now AND THEN pool where she was assisted in placing the car while Detroit insists that this will in­ (By Budge Ruffner) victim on the deck. crease car prices, contributing to inflation, When you live in a country that legalizes There were no apparent life signs and and cut down output. Standards are being abortion and outlaws bingo, that should tell Cathy immediately began to administer pushed back in response to this contention you something. I knew a man on~e who saw and the smog pollution hanging over most it coming. He maintained that all was well in mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. She con­ major cities is not likely to decrease. the land when people ate their meals in the tinued until breathing was resumed and A considerable part of the scientiflc com­ house and went to the bathroom outside the medical assistance was given. The victim munity has expressed concern over the aero­ house. When this procedure was reversed, was taken to a hospital and dismissed sol spray device and the possible degradation he knew the country was doomed. He fought after observation, fully recovered. With­ of the protective layer of ozone in the upper the trend to his dying day. out doubt, Cathy's use of her skills and September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29~.07

knowledge in this rescue and resuscita­ course of conduct has been for some time fruits, stone fruits, tomatoes, peppers tion saved the victim's life. now painfully evident. and other plants. This meritorious action exemplifies We are in a transitional period now, when Similar legislation was passed by the our power posture can be adjusted to the the highest ideals of the concern of one new imperatives and the operative facts in other body last week, and the House Ag­ human being for another who is in dis­ the world. The necessary change in the dom­ riculture Committee, on which I have the tress and one in which she placed her inant leadership role does not presage nor privilege to serve, will be considering this own life in danger to save that of would it dictate any lessening of our na­ important legislation very shortly. another. tional security. Rather, it should recognize This is certainly an honor that Cathy that in today's world, our economic power and all who know her can be proud of. must be linked with our moral power in the dominant leadership of foreign policy. The A QUITE MOVER: DR. military should be relegated to its proper RALPH BUNCHE stance of supporting that leadership policy, not dictating that policy. MESSAGE TO THE HOUSE FROM A The public argument surrounding the Pan­ FORMER MEMBER HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL ama Canal issue and the determination of OF NEW YORK a new treaty is distorted by the battle for the specific interests of the military, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. JERRY M. PATTERSON conservatives, who are their allies, and cer­ Tuesday, September 23, 1975 OF CALIFORNIA tain shipping interests whose stake is less IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES obvious. It would be tragic if the final fiare Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, as the of a dominating force, which too long has United Nations approaches its 30th an­ Tuesday, September 23, 1975 held sway, is able to direct a policy which niversary and as a negotiated accord has Mr. PATTERSON of California. Mr. must serve the future and realistically re­ been reached between Israel and Egypt, Speaker, I am inserting in the REcoRD spond to our national interest, morally and it is only fitting that we pay tribute to tcday a letter recently received from my economically. one of the men who was associated with I personally visited several times in Pan­ predecessor in Congress the Honor­ ama on this subject. My discussions were that body for over a quarter of a century, able Richard Hanna. I know that many with responsible and reliable persons, both Dr. Ralph Bunche. of the Members here had worked closely in and out of public life. There is great need A Nobel Peace Prize recipient, Dr. with Dick Hanna and have a high re­ to forge a more fair and equitable relation­ Ralph Bunche won national acclaim for gard for his views on many varied public ship to be worked out in the words of part­ his tireless efforts in bringing about an policy issues. nership, rather than in terms of the super armistice between the newly created AUGUST 22, 1975. sovereignty of the United States in Panama. State of Israel and her Arab neighbors. Congressman JERRY PATTERSON, The accommodation should be the work of He served as Under Secretary for special Washington, D.C. our political and diplomatic leaders and not assignments in such trouble spots as the DEAR JERRY: I hope you will bear with me our military leaders. Please give this matter your serious think­ Congo, Cyprus, Yemen to name just a and summon the patience to read and con­ few. sider my views on the pending Panama Canal ing as you face efforts from the Sub-Com­ treaty. To me, this issue very clearly high­ mittee of Appropriations and special efforts Porter McKeever recently completed a lights what I deem to be a critical turning of certain members of the Merchant Marines tribute to this great statesman for the point in modern American politics. and Fisheries. Thank you for your patience summer issue of the Inter-Dependent, a Since the late 1800s and the "gun boat" and consideration and I will be glad to pro­ publication put out by the United Nations diplomacy of Theodore Roosevelt, there has vide answers to any questions my presenta­ Association of the United States of been a continuing presence and a growing tion generates. Warmest regards, America. I believe that my colleagues dominance of military infiuence in our for­ should have the benefit of this excellent eign policy. Military dominance and the RICHARD T. HANNA, preeminence of the Pentagon's interpretation Member of Congress (Ret.). portrayal of Dr. Bunche as we begin to of our national security reached a zenith discuss the recent Middle East peace during the cold war. It ultimately led us to a agreement which I am certain Dr. disastrous climax in Vietnam. A careful Bunche would have been very happy to analysis of this history, when studied in INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION see. The article follows: parallel with the changed conditions in to­ TO COMBAT MENACE TO CITRUS IN TRmUTE: RALPH BUNCHE 1904-1971 day's world and the effect such changes have in expressions of world power, suggest the (By Porter McKeever) need for substantial change in the U.S. (NoTE.-Porter McKeever, currently an As­ foreign policy posture. HON. RICHARD KELLY sociate with John D. Rockefeller 3rd, was the first president of UNA-USA and is now a Characteristically, power in the history of OF FLORIDA naticns has been expressed in several forms; member of the Board of Governors.) moral power, political power, economic power IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ralph Bunche's extraordinary 25 years in and military power. At no time is any one of Tuesday, September 23, 1975 the top ranks of the UN Secretariat was a these present alone, but at various times they career of dangerous tasks and priceless have been aligned in different order of Mr. KELLY. Mr. Speaker, it is my achievement. dominance. Usually, military power has been pleasure today to introduce legislation to It is replete with lessons for all those behind and not in front. It was the Germans clarify the authority of the Secretary of groping toward a viable world community. In who, in modern times, bared the naked Agriculture to carry out pest eradication some ways, his career was surprising and even paradoxical for a man of his background military power as clearly in the front of polit­ programs in cooperation with other ical Nazism. It is, to me, ironic that the and temperament. Embarked as a young man Umted St3.tes which, from its inception, had countries. Developed under the guidance on the academic life, he spent himself in­ used moral pow-er up front, economic power of the distinguished gentleman from stead in the bruising arena of international next an'i military power in third place, made Texas (Mr. DE LA GARZA), this bill would politics. Grandson of an American Negro after World War II, a dramatic switch. We authorize USDA to enter into coopera­ slave and a passionate advocate of racial so militarized our anti-communism, that its tive agreements with Canada and the equality, he performed his greatest services morality was debased and our economic Latin American countries for the pur­ in a world context where a man's race is less power became the serv;mt of the military. pose of combating, eradicating, and con­ important than his humanity. He shunned The political power was reduced to expressing personal publicity and fame as obstacles to justification for the military decisions. Eisen­ trolling injurious insects, plant diseases, his chosen art of diplomacy but he gained hower saw the framework of this alignment and other plant pests, particularly the glory in spite of himself-the Nobel Peace and, as a parting contribution, warned an Mediterranean fruit fly. USDA's current Prize at age 46-and became a legend in his unheeding country against it. authority is limited to agreements with own time. It sticks in the throat to say it, but the Mexico. The episode that won him the Nobel Prize "arrogance of power" referred to by Senator The fruit fly is presently working its vividly illustrates the dangerous art of the UN peacemaker and the rare qualities it re- Fulbright, was telling us that we, to a degree, way northward from Latin America, and quires. It was 1948, the year of the bitter con­ had come to militarized anti-Communism its entry into the southern United States just as the Germans militarized Nazism. We flict in which the new state of Israel was remained selective in application, but the would result in substantial damage to born. Bunche was .serving then as chief ad­ brutality in its action was certainly demon­ fruit and vegetable crops in Florida, viser to the UN Mediator for Palestine, Count strated in the Mal Laiincident and the gen­ Texas, Louisiana and elsewhere. It is a Folke Bernadette. But for a minor hitch in eral world-wide disenchantment with our threat to almost 200 varieties of citrus the day's plans, he would have been beside CXXI--1884--Part 23 29908 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975 Bernadotte in Jerusalem that afternoon peace line between Israel and Egypt under less victim. His breathing was restored when the Count was assassinated. Bunche the new agreement is another blow at the and an ambulance arrived to transport immediately took over as UN Mediator and, United Nations. him to a nearby hospital where he later within months, achieved the remarkable feat The General Assembly has made Arafat a of bringing representatives of Israel and her "state," which is ridiculous in itself. But by recovered. Without doubt, the skills and four Arab neighbors together for armistice their votes and invitation they invented this knowledge used by Mr. Allen saved the talks on the island of Rhodes. From January paper "nation" and bestowed upon it ver­ victim's life. to July 1949, with his rare combination of bally a national sovereignty. This meritorious action exemplifies the tact and stubborn integrity, he kept the five Thus the great organization whose func­ highest ideals of the concern of one hu­ delegations at their task until the armistice tion is to foster peace and international re­ man being for another who is in distress. agreements were signed. sponsibility has created first a farce on its I am proud to present Mr. Allen to my The following year, when the Nobel Prize face, and now sponsors a "state" which colleagues in recognition of his timely Committee announced him as its choice, this openly calls for murder of Americans who modest man at first wanted to decline. serve as peace-keepers by an agreement of the expertise and a fine program which made "Peacemaking at the UN," he sale!, "is not parties! it possible. done for prizes." Secretary-General Trygve If the UN can swallow that and still main­ Lie overruled him. tain its political "official" fiction that the Soon after Dag Hammarskjold became Sec­ Palestine Liberation Organization is a "state" THE CONDITION OF SYRIAN JEWRY retary-General, he made Bunche an Under­ and that Arafat is the PLO, the UN not only Secretary for special assignments. As such, he perpetrates a farce but becomes a farce, became the chief architect of the first full- itself. HON. NORMAN F. LENT .scale UN peacekeeping force (UNEF in the It will have placed itself in the position of Middle East, 1956-67) and of every subse­ being the enemy of peace rather than its OF NEW YORK quent peacekeeping operation while he lived: protector. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Lebanon, the Congo, India-Pakistan, Yemen It is increasingly hard to support the Tuesday, September 23, 1975 and Cyprus. United Nations on the basis of its twenty­ For 18 months in his last years, already five year old paper principles-when what it Mr. LENT. Mr. Speaker, one of my mortally ill and in pain, he carried on the has become is such an irresponsible agency constituents, Mr. Michael Sabin of unpublicized negotiation that led to the for threatening peace, itself, and an interna­ Oceanside, N.Y., has brought to my at­ peaceful independence of Bahrain in the tional organ that gives official support to the tention a wealth of information in re­ Persian Gulf-an example of the UN's quiet criminals who preach international lawless­ gard to the Syrian Government's treat­ diplomacy at its best. ness and murder. To visualize the character of the ideal It is high time we got rid of the smug ment of its Jewish population. peacemaker, one could scarcely do better parlor games about "two sides to every­ At Mr. Sabin's request, I am including than to study Ralph Bunche. Passionately thing," and recognize that where this kind of in the RECORD an ''Information Alert•~ devoted to human equality-he was at the action is concerned, as in Hitler's day, there published by the Jewish Community same time utterly realistic and abhorred is no real compromise with the Devil that is Council of Metropolitan Boston in regard mere rhetoric about brotherhood. "Mankind moral or workable. to this situation. Of course, we all want will be much better off," he said once, "when There are indeed two sides. to see peace in the Middle East, but no there is less reliance on lip service to 'broth­ One right, and one wrong. erhood' and 'brotherly love' and much more lasting peace can come unless the tragic And the General Assembly is on the wrong condition of Syrian Jewry is improved. practice of the sounder and more realistic side. principle of mutual respect." What do you do with an international or­ and those Syrian Jews wishing to emi­ ganization created as a peace mechanism grate are allowed to do so. that not only sustains countries which vio­ [From the Jewish Community Council ot late its charter, but has a General Assembly Metropolitan Boston) U.N.'S ARAFAT-ENEMY OF PEACE that violates its own charter? THE CONDITION OF SYRIAN JEWRY Is CRITICAL Like a horse with a broken leg, we seem AND WORSENING! to be approaching the day when the only Jews in most Arab lands suffer continu­ HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL thing to do is put it out of its misery. ously from oppression and harassment, but OF ILLINOIS Syria is by far the worst offender in its treat­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment of Jewish citizens. In direct violation of the United Nations Declaration of Human Tuesday, September 23, 1975 GAR! LEE ALLEN, LIFE SAVER Rights, of which Syria is signatory, not one Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, most of Syria's 4,500 Jews is permitted to emigrate Americans recognize that the resolution to escape torture. Further, Syrian Jews are of the Palestinian problem is the key to 1. Prohibited from traveling more than permanent peace in the Middle East, and HON. GEORGE HANSEN 2¥z miles from home without government OF IDAHO authorization. most, I am confident, are prepared to be 2. Compelled to carry identification cards fair-minded about the matter. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES which are stamped in red "JEW," for the But Yasir Arafat, whose claim to the Tuesday, September 23, 1975 purpose of singling Jews out for harassment. 3. Not allowed voting rights. leadership of the Palestinians has been Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, one of my given official sanction by the United Na­ 4. Not permitted to hold government. constituents, Mr. Gari Lee Allen, 216 police, or armed service jobs. tions, has spat upon our open hand of 13th Avenue, North, Buhl, Idaho, has been 5. Not allowed to have telephones. friendship. In an act of almost unspeak­ named to receive the Red Cross Certifi­ 6. Forbidden to study Hebrew. able calumny, he has publicly called for cate of Merit and accompanying pin for 7. Not allowed to inherit property without the assassination of the American tech­ meritorious action. This is the highest payment of a "rental fee" to the government. nicians who are going to be assigned award given by the American National 8. Not permitted to obtain driver's licenses. peace-keeping duty along the Israeli­ 9. Restricted from matriculation to uni­ Red Cross to a person who haves or sus­ versities. Egyptian frontier, at the request of both tains a life by using skills and knowledge nations. 10. Forced to comply with strict curfews. learned in a volunteer training program 11. Forced to live in specially-marked By such totally barbarous activity, he offered by the Red Cross in first aid, small houses in poverty-stricken ghettos. bas done irreparable damage to his cause, craft, or water safety. The certificate 12. Interrogated constantly, imprisoned on making a mockery of the status bestowed bears the original signatures of the Presi­ false charges, beaten, tortured, and raped. upon him by the U.N., and the U.N. itself. dent of the United States, honorary ADDITIONALLY In further support of this point, I chairman, and Frank Stanton, chairman I. In March, 1974, four Jewish women from would like to call to the Members' at­ of the American National Red Cross. Damascus-three sisters (Sara, Lora, and tention an editorial from a recent is­ On February 25, 1975, Mr. Allen, then Tony Zebah) and their cousin (Eve Saad) sue of the Peoria Journal Star, which a student at Boise State University and were robbed, raped, and brutually mur­ I am asking be printed here in the trained in Red Cross lifesaving and first dered; their bodies were left in a cave near RECORD: aid, was on lifeguard duty at a pool when Asfura on the border between Syria and (From the Peoria Journal Star, Sept. 12, 1975] Lebanon. he observed a young man being lifted Two respected members of the Jewish com­ UN'S ARAFAT-ENEMY OF PEACE from the bottom of the pool, apparently munity-Yussef Shalouh, a textile trader. (By C. L. Dancey) unconscious. Mr. Allen immediately went and Azur Zalta, a schoolteacher-weie falsely Yaslr Arafat's public call for the assassina­ to his aid and began administering charged with the multiple murder. After a tion of American electronics civilians on the mouth-to-mouth resuscitation to the life- public outcry, however, the charge has been September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29909 ·•reduced"-from murder to "smuggling of without regard for the importance of dissolve obstacles-especially public debt, Syrian nationals to a. foreign country." Their the most significant use to which the en­ the need for more taxes, troublesome legis­ trial continues in Damascus. vironment is put-the production of lators, recalcitrant voters, reluctant union (More than thirty members of the National bosses and political 118.'bil1ties. Association of District Attorneys have for­ food. There is a proper balance which The magic device was called the public warded a joint lette-r to the President of can be achieved between the necessary authority. Syria. urging Syrian judicial authorities to goal of agricultural production adequate Almost any time Rockefeller had a major grant Sha.louh and Zalta a. "fair, open, and to meet our domestic needs and our for­ money problem in New York-how to pro­ public trial" and to pledge themselves "to a eign commitments. vide university or mental hospital buildings, full implementation of morality and jus­ There was a clear majority sentiment housing for those of low and middle incomes, tice.") 1 in the Agriculture Committee that the or commuter railroad cars--he created a II. Five Jewish men have been left deaf, balance had tipped in favor of environ­ public authority. dumb, and mad after incarceration in a mental considerations and is likely to go Last spring, the public authority turned Syrian prison. A Jewish woman left prison out to have stlll another, political advan­ with her breasts severely burned by cigarettes, even further in that direction, to the tage: If it goes belly up, it does so after the and another, after having been tortured by detriment of food production, and I be­ creator is long gone and it gives big trouble red hot pokers. Yet another imprisoned lieve this question is important enough to his opposition. Jewish woman had her hands and feet tied to be brought to the floor for the con­ In Aprll one of Rockefeller's pet authori­ with wire, was strapped inside a tire, and sideration of all Members. I urge my col­ ties, the Urban Development Corporation, was given electric shocks every five minutes leagues to give thought to this proposal became the first major public agency in New for thirty-six hours.2 and to recognize the long-term conse­ York State ever to declare itself unable to III. Two Jewish girls were recently raped quences for the economy, the consumer, meet its debts. "The Impossible Happens: in the streets of Damascus. When one of them UDC Goes Broke," said a. New York Times complained to the pollee, she was raped and our agricultural capabilities should headline. By that time Rockefeller was com­ again-by the policemen.s the balance between environmental and fortably ensconced far away in Washington. IV. When tefillin (phylacteries) arrived for food production requirements be dis­ His Democratic successor, Gov. Hugh Carey, Syrian Jews, they were burned in the presence rupted. who by then had scarcely had time to learn of those to whom they were addressed.' the way to his omce, was forced to pick up V. Jews were forbidden to leave their homes the pieces. this year on Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Republicans in New York have yet another and Succot. EIA-MUST WE REPEAT NEW bonus in prospect. The UDC was bailed out, YORK'S MISTAKES? WHAT WE'RE DOING TO HELP to the tune of a. half billion dollars, but only The Jewish Community Council has es­ temporarily (until Nov. 1, 1976) : The odds are that Carey next year again w111 be forced tablished a Task Force on Jewish Life in HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN into the time-consuming, distracting and Arab Countries to promote public awareness embarrassing business of cleaning up another of the plight of Syrian Jewry, and of other OF MARYLAND IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES UDC mess. Arab Jewish communities. Through the utm­ In addition, New York State's Housing zation of newspapers, radio, television, public Tuesday, September 23, 1975 Finance Agency, stm another Rockefeller workshops, press conferences, newsletters, public authority (it is the agency that mar­ letter-W'riting, and personal contacts, we Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, the ad­ kets bonds for public authorities) which hope to initiate public action on behalf of ministration has only recently intro­ needs to borrow $100 m111ion a month just to Syrian Jews. duced a plan for a public corporation, the tread water, served notice on the state just so-called Energy Independence Author­ last week that it has no reliable source of ity, which is intended to guarantee pri­ funds in sight. EQUAL VOICE FOR AGRICULTURE vate loans in industry, and to supple­ Yet, with the smoke from UDC still on the IN PESTCIDE DECISIONS ment private sector projects in various horizon and the HFA troubles looming, Vice President Rockefeller-whose sense of timing ways for various noble purposes. Al­ in the past has been less than exquisite­ though this plan was proposed in whis­ has been pushing for the same general kind HON. RICHARD KELLY pers, the administration choosing to un­ OF FLORIDA of answer to the nation's energy problems: derstate its size and power, it portends a. public authority that would float bonds IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to be a radical departure by an adminis­ and raise up to $100 blllion. Tuesday, September 23, 1975 tration from an economic policy which Rockefeller's idea was to create a "new has until now always stopped short of government corporation" that would: Mr. KELLY. Mr. Speaker, later this Guarantee loans for private industry, or week the House will consider H.R. 8841, effectual economic nationalization. After all the official salesman's talk Raise money by selling its own govern­ legislation to extend the Federal Insecti­ ment-guaranteed bonds and then make cide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, as has subsided, the bill to the taxpayer direct loans to industry. amended, for 1 year. Today, I am intro­ comes to about $110 billion. Its vehement "Theoretically," explained The Wall Street ducing an amendment to that bill which opponents were and are William Simon, Journal, which first revealed the scheme, would require the concurrence of the our Treasury Secretary; Alan Green­ "Washington would be able to steer great Secretary of Agriculture in any pro­ span, Chairman of the President's Coun­ quantities of private money into vital areas cil of Economic Advisers; James Lynn, without tying up great quantities of public cedure leading to the cancellation or money." change in classification of a pesticide, Director of the White House's OMB and a Who's Who in economics both from Because this is almost exactly the lan­ and would require the concurrence of the guage Rockefeller used in promoting his au­ Secretary of Agriculture for any regula­ outside and within the administration. thorities in New York States, it may be tion issued by EPA subsequent to the en­ Before all of us rush to the well with our worthwhile to look at how and why these actment of this provision. My colleagues constituents' credit cards, I would pro­ developed and what has happened to them. pose that we take a closer look at the on the Agriculture ~ommittee will recog­ The public authority-sometimes called nize this amendment as the object of merchandise; and for this reason, I sub­ the "public benefit corporation"-tn its considerable discussion during commit­ mit for your consideration a fascinating pristine form is simply a means of letting analysis of the administration's proposal, the users of public projects pay for them. tee consideration of H.R. 8841. For example, an authority might be set up I have no quarrel with the intent of originally a Rockefeller invention, which appeared in last Sunday's Washington to build and operate an expressway or a. FIFRA. Concern for the environment is bridge. To raise the money, it would sell a valld national priority. I do believe, Star News: bonds. Over the years, to pay off the bonds however, that the implementation of this HOW ROCKEFELLER'S MIDAS-TOUCH TRICK with interest, and to pay for operating the law is being carried out in a vacuum, WENT SoUR road or bridge, it would charge tolls. The (By W111iam Ringle) project successfully financed by an authority 1 Source: National District Attorneys Asso­ In Nelson A. Rockefeller's baggage when he would literally pay for itself-be "self liqui­ ciation, Chicago, Dlinois. came to Washington was a formula for his dating," in the government lingo. 2 Source: International Conference for the equivalent of the philosopher's stone and The authority classically is used to do a Liberation of Jews in the Middle East, Paris, the universal solvent rolled into one. job that has an extra dimension or is not in November 5, 1971. Like the Philosopher's stone, this wonder­ the state's usual line of work. For example, a Source: Report distributed in Geneva, working device seemed to turn baser sub­ a.n authority might operate power plants to February 26, 1973. stances (in Rockefeller's case, paper bonds) generate and sell electricity in partnership 'Source: Report distributed in Geneva, into gold, or at least money. with a foreign government. Or it might pro­ February 26, 1973. Like the universal solvent, it seemed to vide a facility that transcends ordinary poUt- 2991.0 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975· leal boundaries (such as building and operat­ threatened to withhold patronage and veto authority bonds more palatable to bond buy­ ing a sports stadium to serve two counties, bills the legislative rebels were interested in. ers. Since the bonds w~e issued by public or a farmer's market serving a vast region of The UDC bill passed. authorities alone-mainly the UDC or many cities and counties; or a seaport or Rockefeller's authorities had a twist. The HFA-they did not have the "full faith and airport serving a wide region) . projects they financed did not exactly pay credit" of the state behind them. The members of an authority, often three for themselves-they were not "self-liquidat­ Obtaining that would require the approvoal to six in number, operate as a kind of free­ ing," although he continues to insist they of the voters, which Rockefeller, after his wheeling board of directors. They combine were. setbacks, was reluctant to seek. the flexibility and independence of a private What Rockefeller did was to spin off some Mitchell is given credit for language in the business with the power of government. conventional state responsibilities, such as HFA law acknowledging the "mocal obliga­ In any narrative of Rockefeller's enchant­ the construction of college buildings or men­ tion" of the state to make good on bonds ment with public authorities, two men loom tal hospitals, and give the job to a public should an authority collapse. Other states large. One is his . formal all-purpose brain authority. adopted the srune language. truster, William J. Ronan. The other is Since these kinds of structures did not Theoo:etically, this would reduce the risk John N. Mitchell, once one of the nation's themselves generate any new revenues, as so that buyers would accept them at a low­ leading municipal bond lawyers who was a new toll road or a bridge would, he then er interest rate. However, since the collapse later to become President Nixon's attorney earmarked students' fees and mental hy­ of UDC and New York City's l!litest insol­ general. giene patients' fees to pay off the bonds. vency, that hope is somewhat beside the In the early 1950s, Ronan, then dean of Because such fees previously had been point. New York's "moral obligation" is in­ the New York University Graduate School of going into the state's general funds, this deed being ealled upon-to the tune of $285 Public Administration and Social Science, meant the slack would have to be taken up million of the taxpayers' money for UDC directed a state commission's pioneering by tax revenues. So, the bonds indirectly bonds, to date. study of public authorities. It is still some­ were being repaid by the taxpayers, even The other money to meet UDC's debts was what of a collector's item among students though the debt technically had been shifted borrowed last spring from such places as a of government. In 720 pages it described the from the state's books to the authorities'. state fund that pays claims when there's no uses and abuses of public authorities. Be-sides the bookkeeping sleight of hand, insurance after an accident, from the state They operate-in secret, if they wish­ the authority device provided a number of employes' retirement system and from a con­ outside the conventional controls by elected advantages. sortium of savings banks. Thus, it is possible officials. One, whether he intended it or not, was that the taxpayers will have to reimburse And they can, by selling bonds, run up debt political. Rockefeller was then running for them and may end up paying the entire half without the approval of the voters or the president and trumpeting "pay as you go." billion. Yet the UDC was to have been a de­ legi£lature. This is perhaps the most im­ The authority gimmick enabled him to go vice, like Rockefeller's proposal for a federal portant aspect of the authority because many around the nation and claim that he was energy agency, to avoid "tying up great state governments are forbidden by their doubling the size of the state university or quantities of public money." adding $300 million in mental hospital space How did New York State get in such a constitutions to go into debt (that is, to bor­ pickle? row by selling bonds or notes) without ob­ without adding to the state's debt and taining the voters' approval. The public au­ without raising taxes. This claim, a legal One reason was that the legislature was thority is a way around that obstacle. truth but a practical misrepresentation, not only tractable, but found the hazards of made Rockefeller seem like some kind of authority borrowing, although simple in con­ (A few may recall that Rockfeller became administrative miracle worker, an aura that cept, beyond its narrow attention span. governor in 1958 after taking the hide otr he retains in some quarters today. his predecessor for running up an $879 mil­ Many others contributed to the mess. They Another was that authorities enabled include: A subse-rvient State Budget Divi­ lion debt, all approved by the voters. Fifteen Rockefeller avoid the cumbersome, time­ years later, when Rockefeller left office, the to sion; a trusting and adulatory pTess (with consuming process of government-the ap­ the exception of the New York Times, which state debt was listed as $11 billion, with only proval by legislators, whom Rockefeller does spoke out early and often against the back­ $3 billion of its approved by the voters. The not hold in high esteem at any level, and door borrowing): a neutralized band of lib­ rest had been run up by public authorities.) the voters, who were demonstrably against erals who didn't question the means so long Ronan's study also noted that the debt more public housing and might have resisted as they approved of the ends; and trade acq_u ired by authorities is not subject to the badly needed state university expansion. unionists who savored the good jobs that the those early-warning systems, state or muni­ The authorities enabled Rockefeller to exer­ subsequent construction generated. ciptal debt ceilings. A public authority's debt cise his considerable "papa-knows-best" Rockefeller's new federal proposal-for an is its own obligation and is not lumped in instincts. Energy Resources Financing Corporation­ with total state debt. " ... Many public au­ Finally, the authorities had the benefit of seems to be getting more scrutiny than he thorities in New York have been created to postponing, if only for a while, the need to was accustomed to in Albany. avoid debt limits," said the Ronan-directed raise taxes. Alan Greenspan, chairman of the Council study. It was not long after Rockefeller's first of Economic Advisers, blasted draft proposals Despite the authorities' freedom from state venture into public authorities that his tac­ because of the "virtually unconstrained" restrictions, Ronan's study conjectured that tics began to draw fire. scope of the corporation's operations. The if an authority could not meet the payments As early as 1963, two corporations that corporation itself could get into almost any on its bonds and went broke, the state's rated state bonds-Dun & Bradstreet and aspect of the energy business, oc could bank­ taxpayers would have a tacit obligation to Moody's Bond Survey-were warning of the roll others. pay its debts. This, he said in 1956, could be consequences. " ... The state, in a shower of The corporation could avoid dealing with a "moral obligation." (Prophetic words: That politically oriented slogans, is resorting to those persnickety bond buyers who were such is exactly what happened after the UDC borrowing through special agencies and is a nuisance in Albany. The draft legislation declared insolvency in April.) increasingly earmarking revenues for this would permit it to sell bonds to trusts and Rockefeller laid the foundation for public new debt," said D&B. "A continuation of fiduciaries that are under federal control. authority financing in 1960 with the Housing these policies could eventually affect the That means that money going into Social Finance Agency. By then, Ronan, the old state's credit standing ..." Security "trust fund" or other retirement maestro of the public authority, was Rocke­ Afte~ several years, D&B and Moody's, fol­ money could be "invested" in ERFOO. And feller's administrative alter ego. And Mitch­ lowed by Stand-ard & Poor's lowered New if ERFCO performed in the manner of UDC ell generally gets credit for drafting the York's triple-A credit rating a notch. or HFA, pension money would be lost and HFA legislation, of which more will be said the United States would have to step in and later. Instead of acting to curb Rockefeller, the pliant legislature turned on the bond-rating make up the difference. Gradually, authorities proliferated. In companies with threats to outlaw them. With his new corporation, Rockefeller 1962, confronted with the need for hun­ The dour state comptroller, Arthur Levitt, wouldn't have to resort to John Mitchell-in­ dreds of millions, perhaps billions, to en­ repeatedly lambasted Rockefeller's "back­ spired suggestions of "moral obligation" in large the state university. Rockefeller cre­ door financing" "fiscal legerdemain" and order to make the bonds attractive. The bills ated the State University Construction say they'd be backed by the "full faith and Fund. "phantom debt." Robert Morgenthau, the Kennedy-picked oredit" of the United Statoo. Then, there was the Mental Hygiene Fa­ cilities Improvement Fund to erect build­ Democrat who ran against Rockefeller in 1962, articulated the case against the author­ ings at mental hospitals (in those days a ities. But he proved such an insipid cam­ TANKERS AREN'T SO SUPER big part of every state's budget). Both sold paigner that no one listened. Besides, his their bonds through the HFA. criticism, like Levitt's was discounted as The UDC came along in 1968, after voters coming from a Democrat. HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON had defeated two low-income housing bond The fledgling Consei"vative party, made up OF CALIFORNIA issues. By then even the legislature was largely of apostate Republicans, also had the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES balky. An angry Rockefeller-who had hoped authority issue pined down in 1962, but its Tuesday, September 23, 1975 to get the "revolutionary" legislation en­ strident across-the-board objections to any acted to counter black host111ty after the government spending all but drowned it out. Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.-· Mitchell pl!ayed a major role in making the Speaker, besides being concerned about September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29911 the impact of offshore oil drilling on the One of these behemoths, traveling at 16 its lead editorial of yesterday, July 27, marine and coastal environment, I also knots, needs three miles to stop; at 6 knot;S, also emphasize the importance of Mr. approaching port, a supertanker has to have him recognize that firm oil tanker pollution three-fourths of a mile. Weinberger's remarks, calling "the regulations are necessary. Sen. Lee Metcalf (D-Mont.) says flatly that man who runs the biggest bureaucracy An excellent commentary on just this the regulations amount to a sweetheart deal and the biggest welfare system in the topic appearea in the Los Angeles Timf!.s between the Coast Guard and the great pe­ world." of September 23. James J. Kilpatrick trolum companies. The Coast Guard's rules Although I inserted the Weinberger comes down hard on new U.S. Coast plainly are derived directly from rules pro­ speech in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of Guard regulations, and rightly so: posed by an industry committee created by July 24, his welfare state theme bears [From the Los Angeles Times, Sept. 23, 1975) the American Petroleum Institute. Adm. constant repeating, and the two above­ Wallace denies that this technical study TANKERS AREN'T So SUPER committee was a formal "advisory commit­ mentioned items from the Inquirer and (By James J. Kilpatrick) tee," subject to federal procedural rules, but Tribune are herewith inserted as useful WASHINGTON.-The U.S. Coast Guard will the distinction is not critical. It appears evi­ warnings of a dangerous governmental soon have new regulations governing the con­ dent that, so far as these regulations are trend. struction and operation of oil tankers that concerned, what the industry wanted, the in­ The articles follow: navigate in domestic waters. These are final dustry got. WE'RE ON THE RoAD TO A WELFARE STATE-AND regulations, of particular importance to all Double bottoms, double hulls, brakin g de­ SPEEDING vices, segregated ballast, added radar, tough those who live by the sea. The rules ought to (By Creed Black) be the best and wisest that can be drafted­ requirements for the training and licensing and there is much concern that they are not. of tanker crews-all these would cost money. Since I spent almost two years of my life The tanker regulations have serious mean­ The retrofitting of old vessels to comply with toiling in the biggest of all the bureaucratic ing for all mankind. The world consumes new regulations would be especially expen­ vineyards, the U.S. Department of Health, some 2.7 billion tons of petroleum annually; sive and time-consuming. Education and Welfare, I probably am more of this amount, roughly 1.7 billion tons must But if the world is going to have to live sensitive to the news coming out of there be transported by tanker. On any given day, with supertankers, the world has a right to than most people are. 30 million to 35 million barrels of petroleum demand that, whatever the cost, their opera­ But an HEW story which caught my eye products are on the seas. tions be subject to strict rules that wlll pre­ last week ought to have the undivided at­ The-world tanker fleet consists of 6,800 ves­ mote safety and deter pollution. tention for a few minutes of every American sels. Of these, only 623 are supertankers­ The United States, through the Coast for it was a real mind boggier. those in excess of 100,000 tons; but the super­ Guard, should be leading in this effort. An It was a report on HEW Secretary Caspar tankers have greater deadweight than all the uneasy feeling will not go away that the Weinberger, who is resigning after two and others put together. Another 700 supertank­ Coast Guard is not leading, but merely a half years in one of Washington's most ers are under construction or under contract. trailing along. frustrating jobs. His valedictory was not They are enormous vessels-as large as air­ cheerful. crat:t carriers, drawing 60 to 90 feet of water­ The United States, he warned, is head­ automated, manned by crews of only 25 to 35 ed for bankruptcy unless it makes wholesale men, the supers ply the sealanes of the world. WE ARE ON THE ROAD TO A WEL­ changes in its social welfare policy. and they are enormously efficient. Highly FARE STATE-AND SPEEDING "If social programs continue growing for And they are a source of world concern. the next two decades at the same pace they According to a recent study by the Office of have in the last two, we will spend more Technology Assessment, the tanker fleet as a than half of our whole Gross National Prod­ HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK uct for domestic social programs alone by whole pollutes the seas with more than half a OF OHIO billion gallons of oil every year. Two-thirds of the year 2000." this pollution results from standard opera­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES If that didn't sink in, go back and read it tions, chiefly the washing of tanks; another Tuesday, September 23, 1975 again. And then listen to Mr. Weinberger ex­ part results from drydock operations; there­ plain its meaning. mainder results from 600 to 700 accidents Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Should that day ever come, half of the each year that leak 200,000 tons of oil into Creed Black, presently editor of the American people will be working to support the oceans. Philadelphia, Pa., Inquirer, spent al­ the other half. At that point, government The worst damage from spillage occurs would be like a gigantic sponge, sopping up most 2 years in what he describes a.s all the nation's surplus capital needed for close to shore, where the oil suffocates ma­ the "biggest of all bureaucratic vine­ rine life, kills birds and does vast harm to industrial growth and modernization." the whole ecosystem on which fish, crabs, yards, the U.S. Department of Health, There may be a tendency in some quarters oysters, shrimp and other marine creatures Education, and Welfare." In his column to dismiss that as right-wing rhetoric, since depend. Less is known of the harm done far of July 27 he noted: Mr. Weinberger won the nickname "Cap the at sea, bu t common sense would suggest When I went to HEW in 1969, the depart­ Knife" by whittling away at California's that cumulative oil pollution is cause for ment's annual budget was $60 billion. This budget when Ronald Reagan was governor. apprehension. year it is $120 billion. Thus the department's But anybody who dismisses the Weinberger Most of the world's tankers are under spending has doubled. In this same period, warning on that or any other grounds is in­ foreign registry-Liberian, Panamanian, the Gross National Product has increased dulgiug a dangerous delusion. Greek, Norwegian, Japanese and British. only 57 percent. To begin with, the figures are on his side. The U.S. fleet is only the seventh largest. When I went to HEW in 1969, the depart­ The United States is thus not able to con­ Another statistic cited by Mr. Black ment's annual budget was $60 billion. This trol international standards, but our posi­ which helps to explain increasing Fed­ year it is $120 billion. Thus the department's tion as the largest importer gives the United eral indebtedness concerns what are spending has doubled. In this same period, States significant clout. The Coast Guard known as "transfer payments"--cash the the Gross National Product has increased only could lay down stiff regulations for the pro­ Government takes from people who are 57 percent. tection of U.S. waters and make the regula­ producing and then gives to people who That's no aberration, either. Nor is Caspar tions stick. Weinberger the first departing HEW Secretary Are the new regulations stiff enough? Ex­ are not producing. Such payments in­ to try to alert the American public to this perts disagree. The Coast Guard could have clude social security, welfare, health in­ alarming trend. required double bottoms. Two years ago, the surance benefits, black-lung money, food Three years ago, Elllot Richardson said­ Coast Guard was strongly in favor of such stamps, unemployment benefits, and in what he called his "Castro speech," because a requirement. Now the Coast Guard has re­ Government pensions of all kinds. Ob­ it was so long-that "HEW's budget has been treated. These will not be required. Rear serving that transfer payments are made rising at an annual rate of 15 percent, more Adm. Sidney A. Wallace says the feeling than twice the average rate of increase in the at all levels of government and not just GNP over the past 10 years." now ts that the original assumptions were HEW, the Inquirer editor observed: not valid; double bottoms may present safety Most of this increase can be attributed to hazards (because of trapped vapors), and As recently as 1965, such payments totaled what are known as "transfer payments"­ may create navigational hazards also. A only $37 billion, but by the end of last year cash the government takes from people who double-bottomed vessel, having run aground, they had climbed to $155.9 billion-or four are producing and then gives to people who is difficult to salvage. There are arguments times as much as they were just a decade are not producing. both ways. earlier. By definition, such payments include So­ Neither will the Coast Guard regulations Mr. Creed's remarks were occasioned cial Security, welfare, health Insurance require double hulls. Requirements as to benefits, black-lung money, food stamps, un­ segregated ballast reportedly double hulls. by a report on retiring HEW Secretary employment benefits, and government pen­ Requirements as to segregated ballast re­ Weinberger's speech of July 21 which sions of all kinds. portedly are mild. Little will be demanded boldly warns of the dangers of a U.S. As this list indicates, HEW is by no means 1n terms of braking and stopping devices. welfare state. The Chicago Tribune, in the only government agency making trans- 2991t2 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 2'3, 1975 fer payments. The same thing is happening are the ultimate victims when a welfare AS I SEE IT FROM MY DESK at all levels of government. As recently as system runs amok. Thanks mainly to. Con­ 1965, such payments totaled only $37 blllion, gress' eagerness to -satify what it perceives but by the end of last year they had climbed as the public needs, Mr. Weinberger said, HON. DAVID R. OBEY to $155.9 billion-or four times as much as "we have built an edifice of law and regu­ OF WISCONSIN they were just a decade earlier. lation that is clumsy, inefficient, and in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES None of this means that the United States equitable. . . . The unplanned, uncoordi­ must abandon its compassion for the poor, nated, and spasmodic nature of our re­ Tuesday, September 23, 1975 the elderly or the weak. But it does mean sponses to these needs-some very real, some that we cannot continue barreling down the only perceived-is quite literally threaten­ Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, I recently re­ welfare state road toward a point where half ing to bring us to national bankruptcy." ceived a copy of the following newsletter the American people would be called on to Mr. Weinberger cited warnings that at the from Mr. Harry Heinemann, the owner support the other half. present rate of growth, half of the country of a clothing store in my hometown. I Solutions are harder to come by than the w111 be receiving welfare payments of one think it better describes the source of problem is to define, but the first step is a sort or another by the year 2000. And if that the current inflation than all the admin­ clear understanding of the problem and a day should come, he warned, "government istration pronouncements on consumer wlllingness to face up to it. would be like a gigantic sponge, sopping up belt tightening, excess Federal spending "Cap" Weinberger, then, has done us all all of the nation's surplus capital needed on education, and restraint in maintain­ a favor with his bluntness. And so has Pres­ for industrial growth and modernization." ident Ford, who issued a similar warning We're told that the United States is too ing Federal price supports for agricul­ back in January. wealthy to have to worry about bank­ ture combined. "We must turn this trend around," the ruptcy; that "it can't happen here." But The crux of the problem is that al­ President said then. "That is what I intend that's what they said about New York City­ though small businesses in this country to do." the wealthiest city in the world and now may face the stiffest kind of competition It won't be easy, for the fashion is to attack one of the closest to bankruptcy. When the in several key industries giant corpora: such common sense from Jerry Ford as a burden of welfare and public employment tions often set prices almost at will and throwback to Herbert Hoover and as a lack becomes too great, the productive taxpayers their will is to make the highest p~ofits of concern for the needy in our society. wm flee rather than support it. And if the burden persists in growing, it will reach possible. Until we confront that fact, no But politicians of both parties should give degree of budget restraint will save us some thought to something said earlier this a point that cannot be supported and, as year by a certified liberal among them-Ted Mr. Weinberger said, "we may undermine from the spiraling prices which have VanDyk, who has been active in Democratic our whole economy." been robbing prosperity from the pocket­ administrations and campaigns since 1964 What is worse, as Mr. Weinberger said, is book of all but the most privileged and who was a campaign aide for Sen. Mc­ that the present welfare system, with scores Americans. Govern in 1972. Writing in the Wall Street of programs piled helter-skelter on top of The newsletter follows: one another, offers a disincentive to work. Journal, he observed: As I SEE IT FROM MY DESK "We Democrats, as a party, have promised He cited one instance in which a welfare fam­ AUGUST 15, 1975. so many federal goodies, for so long, to so ily received $20,000 a year in assorted bene­ many interest groups, that we've all but lost fits for not working. This helps to explain Monsanto, Eastman Chemical, Allled track of the promises and their price tags. why, even as the country deplores the level Ohemical and American Cyanamid following If in doubt, and faced with a public need, of unemployment, countless jobs-perhaps DuPont's lead, have all announced. price in­ we seem able to do no more than reflexively millions-remain unfilled because they are creases in their man-made fibres. It is pe­ reach for More New Deal. Tax and spend; relatively low-paying, are "demeaning," or cullar horw they all arrive at the same price spend and elect. involve "stoop labor"-the alleged inconven­ for a given fibre and even more peculiar how "The voters, on the other hand, seem to ience of having to stoop to work on the first one chemical company announces a have far more common sense. They recog­ ground. price increase and then all the others follow Whwt would the sturdy American pioneers suit. Strange, too, is the fact that they take nize that the economy's in trouble, and that turns in leading off with the price increases. it's not all Jerry Ford's fault that it got that have said? On second thought, don't answer that question too hastily. Many of them Of course, I have no evidence of collusive way.... action, but I am certadn that 1! the Justice "I love the Democratic Party for its heart, might have been green with envy. The fault is with the system, not the individuals. The Department or the Wage and Price Board for its unending fight for society's under­ were to do a little digging, they could easily dogs, and for the innovative, caring instru­ pioneers worked hard because they had to and because they saw in work the only path put an end to this unconsciona.bie disregard ment of change it has sometimes been. But for the welfare of our country and oUT econ­ right now, we don't deserve to be taken seri­ to survival. If they had lived in a welfare omy. state, they might never have been able to ously unless we can begin to offer the Ameri­ While the announced increases will have achieve the prosperity that permits the wel­ can people sensible alternative policies to fit li~tle effect on the prices for Christmas they these times, rather than insulting their in­ fare state we have today. wdl result in price increases ranging' from telligence with empty carping and political Mr. Weinberg sees a way out, but it is not $3.00 to $9.00 per dozen for Spring 1976 oneupmanship." one that will appeal to a Congress that "be­ which means a 50¢ to $1.50 increase at th~ Surely there are alternatives to the grim lieves that the road to popularity and reelec­ retail level. prospect Casper Weinberger has painted. tion is to say 'yes' to every demand." The What the chemical companies are doing is Until and unless they are found, America people, he said, will have to "let Congress no different from the actions of the Auto­ is flirting with disaster. know in unmistakable terms that more and mobile Industry, the Steel Mills, the Alu­ more increases in the old, tired programs that minum M1lls and the Fabric Mllls. In each WEINBERGER'S PARTING WISDOM we know do not work" is not what they want. of these industries--almost by a prearranged Caspar Weinberger's farewell speech as Mr. Weinberger's prescription is "a com­ signal--one company announces a price in­ pletely new system that would be coordinated crease and then all the others follow suit. Secretary of Health, Education, and Wel­ Rarely, if ever, does any government agency­ fare was thoroughly in character for a man and administered thru our tax system. We should abolish Aid to Fam111es with De­ and we have far too many of them-step in who has always said what needs to be said and say "You can't do that!"-not to the rather than what politicians like to hear. pendent Chlldren, food stamps, and Supple­ "Big Boys". They do crack down on Retail­ Un:l.erstandably enough, this has not won mentary Security Income right now, and sub­ ers, as they recently did to Saks Fifth Avenue him any popularity contest in a city where stitute a simple cash grant, based on need, and Bergdoff Goodman, Bonwit Teller and politicians are fonder of talking about hand­ measured by income, and payable only to a few others whose only crime-if it can be outs and benefits than about prudence and those who meet a strong work requirement if called that--was asking vendors to insist discipline. they are able to work." on "price maintenance". But there is the man who runs the big­ This, he said, is the "only way we can If the retail business were booming­ gest bureaucracy and the biggest welfare escape the present welfare jungle" and have which it is not--! could understand the ra­ system in the world, speaking in his home a program that will treat everyone equally, tionale for increasing prices. Obviously, the town of San Francisco and warning us eliminate the incentive to stay on welfare, giants who dominate the fibre field, feel against the encroachment of government and end the mounting intrusion of govern­ that they are above the law and that every and against the evils of the welfare state. ment into our private lives. vendor must dance to their tune-and the Surely it is worth listening to a man who The chances of agreeing on any such new "public" and the nation's welfare-be damned. acknowledges that his own job has become system are slim unless Congress is prodded too powerful. What he said cannot be brushed into action. We hope, therefore, that Mr. Of course, the consumer has played right off with the superficial sob-sister complaint into the hands of the chemical companies by Weinberger's successor will be equally per­ insisting on Permanent Press and in so ·do.­ that he is "insensitive" to the needs of the sistent and articulate in enunciating truths ing, has practically killed cotton as a viable poor. that ought to be apparent to anyone, even fibre and made the "m·an made fibres" all The truth is that the poor theinselves a congressman. important. With no outside compP.tition. it September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29918 became a. very simple thing for the chem­ if you figure out, a.s Ralph Nader did, that the This technique works effectively because ical companies to "rig" prices. federal government gives tobacco growers it allows the viewer to experience Santa. Fe In Europe, "Cartels" are a. recognized way almost $1,000 for each smoking-caused lung on his own without the unnecessary aid of of life. In the United States, cartels sup­ cancer death in the country but spends only a. guide. posedly are illegal-but are they? Perhaps, $14.30 per death on anti-smoking education. It is no wonder, then, that this film has the name "Cartel" is illegal-but what dif­ This is the same government whose De­ won awards for its excellence, one from ference does it make whether the actions partment of Health, Education and Welfare CINE (the Council on International Non­ of our giants have a. name? I find it difficult for the second year in a. row is asking Con­ Theatrical Events) in this country and one to believe that "Collusion" and "Conspiracy" gress to ban high-tar-and-nicotine cigarettes. from a.n interna,tiona.l film festival in does not exist in the chemical field, in fibres, While the Tobacco Institute, a. trade asso­ Yugoslavia.. in steel, in aluminum, in automobiles and ciation for the industry, labeled the latest Santa. Fe begins with dramatic shots of what have you. HEW report "a. dose of unreliable propa­ the landscape in and around the city of The Consumer needs no protection from ganda," it mustered some peculiar logic in Santa. Fe, hills, rivers, rock formation. No the Retailers because, first of all, the average defense of subsidies: "If there were no con­ people are present. We then see the outlines retailer is afraid of his shadow and secondly, trols on how much tobacco is grown, ob­ of some Indians, shadowy and uncertain. As competition for the consumer dollar is so viously there would be more tobacco. If there they come closer on the horizon, we see that keen that no retailer dares step out of line. were more tobacco, it would cost less. Cheaper they are doing a. rain dance. Slowly, omi­ Wha. t we really need is protection from the tobacco imports would be more widely avail­ nously, clouds begin to appear. The rain Giants in Industry who subscribe to the able." dance continues. More clouds. More dancing. philosophy expressed by Mr. Wilson of Gen­ It's far more likely that without subsidies Finally, after numerous cuts back and eral Motors: "What's Good for General Mo­ many growers would find the going teo tough forth, it actually begins to rain. A simple tors-is Good for the Country." But who and quit, thus reducing the supply and concept turns into a. marvelous filmic ex­ does the government pick on-the Retailer, upping the price. After all, government sub­ ecution before our very eyes. na.turally!-not DuPont-not General Mo­ sidies are intended to ensure a steady supply After the Indian influence, Santa. Fe was tors-not U.S. Steel! Occa.siona.lly, they get of a product. dominated by the Spanish. We see Con­ a little tongue lashing-but I a.m sure it is The fact remains that a government that's quistadores and missionaries ride into the with "tongue in cheek". aware of the dangers to its citizens from growing community on horseback. They are Get yourself prepared to another round their use of a. substance shouldn't be under­ wearing colorful costumes and grim faces­ of Price Increase for Spring 19761 writing its production. And if Nader is right in his contention that the U.S. government perhaps indicative of their exploitative NATHANIEL H. MENDELSON, attitude toward the new world and its in­ Executive Director. spends $36 million a. year through the Food for Peace program to promote overseas sales habitants. The remnants of their civilization of tobacco, how can it keep a straight face are still seen in some of Santa. Fe's architec­ while telling Turkey it should quit growing ture and in the life-styles, music, dancing and culture of their descendants. TAX DOLLARS UP IN SMOKE poppies? Considering that Americans smoked 640 After a. section on the expansion of the billion ciga.retts last year, asking them to United States to include the New Mexico HON. PETER A. PEYSER quit cold would be too much. But Congress territory, we see Santa. Fe as It is today. Its should take Nader's advice and eliminate people, its sights, its natural beauty in the OF NEW YORK the subsidies, allocate transitional funds to daytime and its mysterious charm a.t night. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES growers willing to shift to different crops (And all this done in just 15 short minutes total!) Tuesday, September 23, 1975 and step up the anti-smoking campaign. Adopting HEW's recommendation to ban the After the movie, I was ready to hop a Mr. PEYSER. Mr. Speaker, three of most harmful cigarettes would be a. good plane for Santa. Fe to experience it in per­ the major causes of death in the United start. son. What better recommendation can a States are cancer, lung disease, and heart travel film have? disease. The causal relationship between Unfortunately, this movie is llmlted by SANTA FE congressional decree to distribution outside these conditions and cigarette smoking the United States and cannot be seen by is well-established. This is the reason be­ Americans a.t home. It is receiving world­ hind the Surgeon General's warning on wide distribution through USIA facilities cigarette packs, the ban of cigarette ad­ HON. MANUEL LUJAN, JR. a.bro~ and has got to be creating a. good vertising on television and radio, and OF NEW MEXICO impression of our country among foreigners. the proposed ban of high tar and nicotine IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Kudos for Santa. Fe belong to producer Burt Ra.shby of New York and executive pro­ cigarettes. Tuesday, September 23, 1975 Yet, Congress continues to subsidize ducer Bob Butler of USIA in Washington, the tobacco industry, and recently sent a Mr. LUJAN. Mr. Speaker, the U.S. In­ D.C. bill to the President which would cost formation Agency recently produced a taxpayers $78 million this year. Further­ film entitled "Santa Fe" about the city more, approximately $30 million of to­ which is not only the capital of New RIGHT TO STRIKE VERSUS PUBLIC bacco is shipped abroad under the aus­ Mexico, but is also a city filled with his­ SAFETY pices of the food for peace program. tory, beauty, and color. The cost to the consumer and taxpayer In the best traditions of movlemaking, in both real dollars and physical health the film brings us all the charm and HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON is appalling, but this situation is greeted ambience of this city, making all of us OF CALIFORNIA with indignant self-righteousness by the wish we could visit there and participate IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tobacco lobby and, worse, with silence by in the life of this area. As the Repre­ Tuesday, September 23, 1975 segments of part of the media. sentative from this region, I have had However, on September 16, 1975, News­ the opportunity to view this film, and if Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. day offered a lucid and cogent editorial it were available for viewing in the Speaker, the past few weeks have seen entitled "Using Tax Money to Subsidize United States, I would recommend it to several of our Nation's greatest cities Cancer," which points out the contra­ everyone. paralyzed by public employee strikes. dictory and egregious effects of Congress' I am not alone in my support for this Certainly, we can see some justifica­ continued subsidization of the tobacco film, and I would like to take this oppor­ tion for our public employees to become industry. tunity to insert in the REcoRD the re­ upset when their salaries lag far behind The following is the entire text of that marks of Robert Sibley, the film critic the cost of living. And certainly we can editorial: for the Federal Times. The following is see how that frustration can grow until a strike becomes reality. USING TAX MONEY To SUBSIDIZE CANCER what he had to say about this film: However, the public welfare must, of Back in the days when the United States' SANTA FE ExPERIENCE, A Fn.M REVIEW BY bigJ!'est quarrel with Turkey was opium pop­ RoBERT SmLEY course, be kept in mind also. When public pies, Washington spent millions trying to This film is what all travelogs should be safety employees go out in a labor dis­ get Turkish farmers to raise something that like. A unique city 1s handled graphically pute, they hurt both themselves and the couldn't be turned into heroin. But while !from its earliest roots in history as a.n public they serve. A police strike has very the United States was paying hard cash to Indian settlement through Spanish "domi­ serious ramifications for the citizens discourage poppygrowing in Turkey, it was nance," American cavalry control and home- also shelling out $60 million a year to keep steaders on up to the present day. There is served by the officers involved. The same the American tobacco industry healthy. It superb photography, well-selected music and is true of strikes by firemen and other still does. The figure takes on more meaning no narration whatsoever. public workers. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 2.3, 1975 Somehow, the right of public em­ conservative Sen. Jesse Helms (R-N.C.) said Gov. Brown had pledged during his election ployees to demand better pay and work­ recently. campaign to seek a bill giving collective bar­ But public workers insist that they have gaining rights to public employes, and he ing conditions must be balanced with ~e a right to organize and bargain with their pushed hard for that law as governor. public's right to protection and service employers just as other workers do. Their But Brown did not support either the right from those same employees. As our Na­ move into unions has made public employe of public employes to strike, or any alterna­ tion continues to be assaulted by reces­ unions the faster growing employe organiza­ tive such as arbitration. Partly for lack of sion and inflation, economic pressure on tions in the country. support from the governor, the arbitration these employees will continue-which Their leaders, such as Jerry Wurf, head of provision was dropped from the bill, and the means that we can expect more strikes in the American Federation of State, County measure that ultimately failed to pass was the future unless something is done very and Municipal Employes, believe the tide of silent on both the public employes' right to public opinion now favors the treatment of strike, and on methods to avert an impasse soon. public employes "as first-class citizens." and forestall strikes. In the long run, the best answer would Wurf agrees that strikes by public em­ In the wake of the bill's defeat, and the be economic recovery, but I feel that no ployes are a bad thing, but asserts that it police and firemen's strikes in the Bay Area, one is suggesting that we wait for that is worse to have Americans compelled to it is clearer than ever that society urgently solution. Instead, Congress, and State work for wages or conditions they find un­ needs a better alternative than the two legislatures as well, will eventually have acceptable. courses now available-unilateral and some­ to deal with this issue firmly, but fairly. Dramatic showdowns such as the one in times arbitrary actions by government offi­ San Francisco spotlight the problem: There cials dealing with public employes, and The following article from the Los An­ strikes by workers with no other way to back geles Times gives an excellent analysis is no effective law to head off such strikes. In fact, with public opinion sharply divided, up their demands. of the problems involved, and I think is no real consensus seems to have emerged in Laws simply prohibiting strikes by public well worth reading: this country on any proposed law that would workers are no solution. In every state where ARBITRATION COULD CAP THOSE WALKOUTS give public workers the voice now enjoyed such laws exist, strikes have taken place in (By Harry Bernstein) by employes in private industry in setting defiance of the law, with no serious punish­ ment as long as those who defied it were too Strikes by public employes touch a raw their wages and working conditions, while also preventing strikes by public employes. numerous to be jailed. nerve in American society, as shown by the For that matter, strikes in critical private shock waves reverberating from the recent Perhaps no such law is possible in a free society where workers can move from job industries-electric utilities, for example­ walkout by San Francisco police and firemen, could cripple a community as severely as any and Mayor Joseph Alioto's handling of the to job, and are not required to remain at jobs they do not like. strike by public employes. Legislators search­ ensuing crisis. ing for ways to head off public strikes might Gov. Brown probably spoke for many when Nevertheless, demands persist for a law also give some thought to these key private he said that Alioto's settlement with the to "do something" about such strikes, espe­ industries. police and ftremen set a "dangerous prece­ cially ones that threaten the health and Support is growing for some form of ar­ dent" b :cause it allowed the strikers "to get safety of the community. Legislators in bitration to handle disputes which endanger their way through illegality and brute force." Washington and the state capitals have health and safety. But some government offi­ The situation though, is hardly a new one. tried, and generally failed, to devise ways cials reject this method: Elected officials are Every few years, some strike by government to protect workers' rights and freedom, and the ones authorized to raise taxes to pay for workers brings cries of outrage, and demands protect the community. higher wages, they say, and therefore elected for laws to prevent such walkouts. The latest failure came last week in Sacra­ officials, not outside neutral arbitrators, are . Despite the outcries, the problem remains mento. After months of what seemed to be the only ones with authority to decide what because critics of public employe strikes have dramatic progress, a bill to set up a compre­ the wages of public employes should be. Bet­ yet to come up with a viable alternative. hensive collective bargaining system for state ter to have a strike than accept arbitration, Leaders such as Gov. Brown denounce such employes was killed in a Senate committee. some officials contend. strikes, but have not provided a method of The bill's original version, later watered down Most public employe unions, on the other avoiding them. by amendments, would have covered all of hand, say they will give up any right to strike Nor is San Francisco the only current trou­ California's 1.2 million publlc workers. if they are not forced to rely entirely on the ble spot: Firemen in Berkeley walked out to Assemblyman Howard L. Berman, coauthor generosity of government managers or the back their demands for higher pay, and there of the original comprehensive bill, said its mood of political leaders to fix their wages was strike tallc in the uniformed services of defeat probably means there will be no legis­ and working conditions unilaterally. other cities across the country. lation on the subject for two years or more­ Variations on the arbitration method have "We found over the years that the politi­ except perhaps a blll dealing only with public been proposed by labor specialists. cians won't take care of you," said Edward school teachers. UCLA professor Aaron says that "We need J. Kiernan, president of the 180,000-member Berman said many legislators drew the comprehensive legislation which will provide international Conference of Police Associa­ wrong conclusion from the San Francisco for an independent labor relations board to tions. "This action in San Francisco is going police strike. administer the statute, and which will among to give a lot of people something to think "The truth is, there is no system for col­ other things emphasize fact-finding and about." lective bargaining for police in San Francisco, mediation, but would finally, if necessary. New Orleans Mayor Moon Landreau regis­ and certainly no legal right for them to provide for some form of final and binding tered disapproval. The San Francisco strike strike," he said. arbitration of disputes which affect the pub­ "portends a growing mil1tancy on the part "When they did strike, the action proved lic health and safety." of public safety officers, a sacrifice of prin­ more than ever the need for legislation, but Others propose that a system comparable ciples that have been a part of their jobs instead, many of my colleagues went in the to one being tried in the steel industry might for a long time," said Landreau, who is exact opposite direction and voted against a be devised for public employes. president of the U.S. Conference of Mayors. legal mechanism to deal with such dilem­ In the steel industry, union and manage­ Last year, there were 384 strikes involving mas." ment agreed months ahead of their negotia­ 161,000 public employes-a small fraction of UCLA law professor Benjamin Aaron, one tions to submit unresolved disputes to arbi­ the nearly 13 million civilians employed by of the nation's most knowledgeable experts tration, the arbitration to be binding on both government at all levels. Two of those on public employe laws, called the Senate sides even though they disliked the results. strikes were by federal employes, 34 by state action "a tragedy." But if management or workers felt badly workers, 32 by county employes, and 116 Aaron and others had been working for abused by the arbitration outcome, either by city workers. The others were in special more than two years on machinery to reduce side could refuse to agree in advance to ar­ units of government, including school teach­ public employe strikes and improve labor bitration when the contract expired and talks ers. relations in government. were reopened for the next round. Police strikes accounted for 12 of last "It now seems as though we frittered away That modified arbitration arrangement year's total, a drop from the peak of 17 at least two full years during which legisla­ preserved the voluntary nature of collective police strikes in 1971. tion could and should have been adopted," bargaining, without government interference. Public employe strikes arouse strong emo­ Aaron said. But it also presumed full acceptance of col­ tions because they pit workers against tax­ "The legislators acted in an irresponsible lective bargaining itself, a concept that so far payers and the politicians who represent fashion," Aaron added. "I'm afraid the next has not been fully realized for public em­ them, and because they can deprive a com­ time, the Legislature will act in haste, alarm ployes, though it almost inevitably will be. munity of essential services, or leave it with­ and anger in response to a rising tide of In time, a free society must accept the out its usual defenses against fire and crime. strikes and other manifestations of unrest in reality that public workers of all kinds will "An intolerable crime against civiliza­ the public sector." use the strike weapon to get what they re­ tion," President Woodrow Wilson said of the The bill killed last week in Sacramento gard as justice for themselves unless a viable Boston police strike of 1919. did not contain provisions for settling dis­ alternative is provided, and so far, the only "Strikes against the machinery of govern­ putes such as a police strike: That provision such alternative appears to be some form of ment cannot be tolerated in a free society," had been eliminated earlier. arbitration. September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29915 WIDESPREAD EDITORIAL AND POP­ people of this region and a yardstick for the Board membership wlll provide for ULAR SUPPORT GIVEN TVA ACT power rates throughout the country. broader vision among TVA's directors in the The Subcommittee on Public Works Ap­ difficult times and crucial years ahead," the AMENDMENT INTRODUCED BY propriations. which he serves as chairman, Congressman said. TENNESSEE HOUSE DELEGATION has held extensive hearings that have pointed Evins has led the fight in the Congress up the need for a closer look at TVA's overall against TVA's rate escalation policy, includ­ policies, among them: ing the holding of extensive hearings over HON. JOE L. EVINS TVA rates are designed to yield a profit the past several years by the Subcommittee OF TENNESSEE margin of at least 10 per cent--retained earn­ on Publlc Works Appropriations which he IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ings of 10 cents for every dollar of revenue­ serves as Chairman. while investor-owned utilities in the United For instance, the Subcommittee on Public Tuesday, September 23, 1975 States average only 4 per cent. Works Appropriations annually reviews the Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, TVA employs 400 persons to operate its TVA budget. During hearings in April of this the Tennessee House delegation recently Paradise steam generation plant, while the year, the Congressman again vigorously pro­ introduced a bill designed to improve Duke Power Company employs only half as tested the continued power rate increases many-200-to operate a comparable-sized and urged TVA to develop, mine and use its operations of the Tennessee Valley Au­ plant. own coal reserves to inject some competition thority and to reverse the current policy TVA has more than 200 employes on its into the coal market. of electric power rate increases by TVA- rolls with salaries in excess of $25,000 an· Evins also strongly urged TVA to initiate 14 such increases in 8 years. nually. antitrust action against the oil-coal monop­ This bill has drawn widespread edi­ Of course, TVA rates are still below the oly to bring down coal prices-the TVA buys torial and popular support from the peo­ average of the private utilities but the dif­ an estimated 80 percent of its coal from coal ple and in this connection, the Nashville ference is not so great and it is diminishing. companies owned by big oil companies or Clearly, the Evins recommendations are from big energy conglomerates. Banner in a recent editorial commended strong and deserve throughtful considera­ In earlier hearings, the SUbcommittee em­ the bill and said it would: tion by Congress. ployed an electric power rate expert to assist Restore an element of sanity to the re­ in conducting an in-depth study of TVA's volving-door type of rate structure that has EVINS INTRODUCES BILL To IMPROVE OPERA­ power rate structure and management pro­ dumbfounded home-users of electricity and TIONS OF THE TVA AND TO REVERSE CURRENT cedures. made it impossible for business and industry POLICY OF POWER RATE INCREASE These hearings developed evidence that: to make rational plans fc,r their future op­ Congressman Joe L. Evins (D-Tenn.) today TVA has designed its rates to yield a profit erations. introduced legislation designed to offer pro­ margin of at least 10 percent--retained earn­ tection to electric power consumers of the ings of 10 cents for every dollar of revenue­ A recent news release described the which the law does not require. Such an bill and its purposes and objectives in Tennessee Valley Authority against rapidly escalating power rates and to provide better arbitrary requirement is greatly in excess c1 more detail. management for the agency. the profit margins reallzed by the investor­ Because of the interest of my col­ The Evins bill would amend the TVA Act owned electric utilities in the United States, leagues and the American people in this by adding the following provisions: which averaged only 4 percent; matter, I place the editorial and the Expand the TVA Board of Directors from TVA's large steam-electric generating news release in the RECORD herewith. three to five members in order to provide for plants seem to require more than twice the greater diversity at the top management number of employees as do privately owned The editorial and news announcement plants. For instance, it was disclosed that follow: level; Require that meetings of the TVA Board TVA employs 400 persons to operate its Para­ [From the Nashville Banner, Sept. 16, 1975] of Directors be open to the public, thus as­ dise steam generation plant while the Duke EVIN's TVA MEASURE DESERVES SUPPORT suring continuation of the "open door" Power Company employs only 200 to operate FROM CONGRESSMEN policy which TVA only recently adopted; and a comparable-sized plant--a situation that Prohibit the raising of electric power rates contributes to rising electric power rates by One of the most exasperating features of TVA; and the Tennessee Valley Authority's seemingly by TVA more often than once every two endless series of rate increases is the fre­ years, and require that appropriate public That TVA had on its rolls more than 200 hearings be held prior to each proposed rate employees with salaries in excess of $25,000 quency with which they have come about. per annum. Each time, TVA spokesmen simply say, "The increase; In this connection, Representative Evins In hearings this year, it was disclosed that price of coal has gone up--we had no choice." cost overruns on some present TVA construc­ Rep. Joe L. Evins, a Democrat from Ten­ said: tion projects totaled almost $2Y:z billion in nessee's Fourth District, has now introduced "In my view, these changes in the TVA only one year. a far-reaching bill that would at the very Act are needed to provide some protection least put this escalation on a more rational for the people of the Tennessee Valley The House Committee on Small Business, basis. region against rapidly escalating electric which Evins also serves as Chairman, recom­ It would prohibit the TVA from raising power rates. mended in a series of reports that the Federal electrical power rates more often than once "Power consumers served by the TVA re­ Trade Commission investigate the monop­ every two years and it would require that ap­ cently were burdened with the 14th rate in­ olistic practices of the major oil companies' propriate public hearings be held prior to crease in eight years. This incredibly rapid controlling interests in coal mines-the price each proposed rate increase. While this part escalation of electric power rates by TVA of coal affects TVA rates. Subsequently, the totals more than 125 percent. FTC filed actions against the Nation's of Rep. Evins' bill may require some careful eight largest oil companies and other con­ study and perhaps some loosening of the two­ "TVA rates are rising more rapidly than the Nation as a whole, and TVA customers glomerates that control the oil and coal in­ year limitation, it is certainly a step to­ dustries. ward curtailing consecutive rate boosts. are paying a higher electric blll because four While the proposal will not guarantee that out of ten homes in the services area are power rates will not go up, it will restore an all-electric. element of sanity to the revolving-door type "In addition, this TVA rate escalation REEXAMINING NATIONAL PRIORI­ of rate structure that has dumfounded home pollcy is eroding TVA's image as a low-cost TIES: A STATEMENT BY WILBUR users of electricity and made it impossible power yardstick throughout the Nation." J. COHEN for business and industry to make rational Evins said the present bill, which he in­ plans for their future operations. troduced today is the result of months of Among other noteworthy features included study and extensive hearings by the Subcom­ HON. JOHN BRADEMAS in the Evins bill which, incidentally, is co­ mittee on Public Works Appropriations OF INDIANA sponsored by the entire Tennessee delega­ which Evins serves as Chairman. tion in the House and by Reps. Tim Lee Car­ The bill is being co-sponsored by the en­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ter, R-Ky., and Jamie Whitten, D-Mississippi tire Tennessee House delegation-both Demo­ Tuesday, September 23, 1975 are the following: crats and Republicans-including Repre­ The TVA Board would be expanded from sentatives James Quillen, John Duncan, Mr. BRADEMAS. Mr. Speaker, I in­ three to five members to provide greater di­ Marilyn Lloyd, Robin Beard, Ed Jones and clude in the RECORD a statement by the versity at the top management level. Harold Ford. Also co-sponsoring the bill are d1stinguished former Secretary of the All meetings of the TVA board of direc­ Representatives Tim Lee Carter (R-Ken­ Department of Health, Education, and tors would be open to the public, assuring tucky) and Jamie Whitten (D-Mississlppi). Welfare, the Honorable Wilbur J. Cohen, continuation of the "open door" policy which Congressman Evins said that his proposal TVA only recently adopted. to expand the TVA Board of Directors from now dean of the School of Education at Rep. Evins, the "dean" of the Tennessee three to five members is designed to provide the University of Michigan. delegation, has long been a leader in the ef­ better management of the power agency. Dean Cohen's statement entitled "Re­ fort to keep TVA in the role it originally es­ "The TVA Board needs greater diversity examining National Priorities" appears tablished-a source of low-cost energy to the at its top management level. Expansion of in the August 28. 1975, issue of "College 29916 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975 and School Innovator published by the commissions, and a seemingly endless residents than to enhance their personal University of Michigan School of Educa­ debate in the news media. safety; tion: The Subcommittee on Crime of the That the large proportion of handguns REEXAMINING NATIONAL PRIORITIES House Judiciary, which I chair, is con­ used in crime in States and cities with There has been in recent years an increas­ sidering some 150 gun control measures. strong gun control laws tend to originate ing crescendo of criticism-both in the press These bills were spawned by public in loose control jurisdictions, and that and from the public-against the "welfare demand. private possession of handguns increases mess" and the rising cos.ts of welfare pro­ It is the level of violence in our daily the likelihood that they will be stolen grams. A result is that federal and state gov­ lives which fires the great debate in or otherwise transferred in interstate ernments are having increasing difficulty in which we are all involved. It is the commerce to criminals or to persons in­ adequately financing education. If we could solve our national welfare problems, states growth of violent crime that brings pub­ tending to commit criminal offenses; would be able to support K-12, higher, and lic pressure on Congress to find solutions. That more than half of all handguns early childhood education more adequately. After almost a generation of study, we are acquired secondhand and that li­ Certainly a consequence of the recession know that the availability of firearms censing and restrictions on the sale of will be a further examination of reform in has a direct effect on the crime rate, and new handguns will not significantly re­ many components of our welfare system. an even greater affect on the level of duce handgnn crime and handgun vio­ There are now some twenty-five million peo­ violence involved in crime. These are se­ lence; ple in the nation with incomes below the rious problems which deeply affect the poverty line; some ten million of this num­ That violent crimes perpetrated with ber do not receive cash aid. The poor and Nation. The public is sincere in its search handguns constitute a burden upon and disabled and the many on fixed incomes will for an answer, a real answer. interfere with interstate and foreign become more visible as applications for as­ Mr. Speaker, it is the seriousness of commerce and threaten the internal se­ sistance, food stamps, and Medicaid increase the problem which demands the exten­ curity and domestic tranquility of the in the months ahead. sive remedy I propose today, and I do not Nation; If significant unemployment continues make the proposal lightly. In arriving That fear of firearms crimes discour­ and unemployment insurance for many is at my position I drew from a lifetime of exhausted, many middle-class Americans will ages citizens from traveling between the experience for the first time a lowered living experience-in the streets, in the courts, States for pleasure or to conduct busi­ standard and the feeling that they are not in and in the legislature. The bill is a distil­ ness; and control of their own fortunes. The public lation of millions of words of congres­ That crimes committed with guns have awareness of economic instability and pov­ sional testimony, of the views of thou­ disrupted our national political proc­ erty will thus be heightened, and it will sands of witnesses representing the esses, and threaten the republican form probably not be long before Congress will broadest possible spectrum of public of government within the States as guar­ again debate crucial issues: a welfare reform opinion-all considered calmly, careful­ anteed by article IV of the Constitution. . plan, improvement in the financing and ben­ ly, and without preconceived notions. efits of the Social Security System; national These facts are true to the point of health insurance; and increased funding for The conclusion is nnavoidable ,that vio­ being self-evident. They argue for them­ early childhood education and social services. lence in crime is multiplied by the use selves and suggest the formulation of a At the same time, public awareness will be of firearms, and in our Nation today it national firearms policy restricting the directed toward more basic tax and economic is multiplied disproportionately by the availability of handguns to law enforce­ reforms needed to support and improve ex­ use of handguns which are more avail­ ment and the military to the end of re­ isting government programs. able now than at any time in our history. ducing the violence in crime, reducing The recession has highlighted the need for We have been told this repeatedly in deaths from handguns and reducing both emergency and permanent measures to our hearings. Police Director Hubert reduce poverty; provide more employment other physical and emotional violence opportunities; and protect the American Williams of Newark, N.J., said: caused by handguns in the United States. family from the corrosive impact of unem­ The correlation of handguns and crime is And so, Mr. Speaker, although any ployment, catastrophic medical costs, and an easy relationship to document, particu­ firearm may be, and is, used for criminal loss of income. We should give consideration larly if one doesn't lose oneself in a futUe purposes, it is the handgun that figures to amending the Employment Act of 1946 to debate about whether guns cause crime or in the great majority of violent crimes make full employment a national goal and whether people cause crime. The inescapa­ priority. ble facts are that handguns are used in a in the United States. There is little doubt We should remember that none of the im­ large and an increasing proportion of violent that when we speak of firearms being portant social reforms of the past forty years crimes and that handguns are terribly ef­ used in crime we are speaking principally came about by adoption of the "instant mil­ fective in accomplishing their intended of handguns. It is a commonsense ob­ lennium." Steady, persistent, incremental purpose. servation that a concealable weapon is improvements have been the prevailing pat­ We must ask whether our nation can con­ more likely than others to be selected for tern. Though some changes have been "dis­ tinue to permit the virtually free and un­ criminal purposes, but there is also ample jointed increments," they should and can be controlled commerce which presently exists modified as the result of experience. in handguns, a commodity which is care­ statistical data to substantiate this as­ The next three years are crucial for further fully designed and skillfully manufactured sumption. reform and advancement in health, educa­ with one basic purpose, and this is to pro­ Nationwide FBI statistics show that tion, and welfare. We have the opportunity­ vide an instrument of death which can be handguns have annually accounted for indeed, the obligation-to influence the re­ concealed readily, drawn without warning a majority of all homicides during the ordering of national priorities and to reaffirm and used with awesome speed and effective­ past 6 years-through 1973-ahd that our commitment to the "welfare"-in the ness on friend and foe alike. the percentage has been increasing. In term's largest meaning--of the American The conclusion is inescapable: The relation to all homicides caused by fire­ people. handgun is the criminal's first choice as arms, handguns were used in over 70 per­ a weapon. It is not a pretty picture. We cent every year during the past 10 years INTRODUCTION OF THE HANDGUN studied the facts carefully and even by and in over 75 percent during the CONTROL ACT OF 1975 conservative standards; we fonnd: past 7. That handguns play a major role com­ A special analysis of the FBI murder pared to other weapons in the commis­ statistics from 1968 through 1973 by cir­ HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. sion of homicide, aggravated assault, cumstance and tY'Pe of weapon shows OF MICHIGAN and armed robbery-and the percentage that of all ''crime related" murders re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of violent crime in which handguns are ported in those years, 83 to 84 percent of used is increasing; those committed with a firearm were at­ Tuesday, September 23, 1975 That most homicides with handgWlS tributable to handguns. "Crime related" Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, today, are committed in altercations between murders include gangland killings, fel­ I am introducing a bill to prohibit the relatives, neighbors, or other acquaint­ ony murder, suspected felony, and illegal civilian possession and use of handguns. ances rather than in confrontations be­ abortion. Not included are murders tak­ The bill is based on an indisputable body tween strangers; ing place within the family unit or within of evidence that is available to all who That handguns are in fact of little argument or "barroom brawl" situations. are interested. It is contained in some value in defending the home against in­ In family gun killings over the same 6- 15 years of congressional hearings, FBI truders and are in fact likely to increase year period the handgun percentage was statistics, reports of special national the danger of a firearm fatality to the in the 69- to 74-percent range, and in September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS the case of nonfamily argument type Going back as far as the 1930's, public on April 24 last. following the tragic killings it was in the 78- to 82-percent opinion polls in the United States have shooting of his nephew in what he de­ range. demonstrated again and again that the scribed as an "absurd and insane rob­ The conclusion is inescapable: The majority of people who live in this coun­ bery." Mr. DELL UMS said: criminal's primary firearm is the hand­ try have a favorable attitude toward the I challenge all the members of Congress gun. imposi til')n of legal restrictions on such in this Congress, if they do nothing else, The Subcommittee on Crime heard ownership or use. In 1938, 84 percent strike one blow for humanity; strike one testimony again and again in corrobora­ favored them, in 1975, 75 percent favored major blow against insane violence; strike tion of both the FBI nationwide statistics a strict control. one blow to take the guns and weapons of death and destruction off the streets of this and of common observation. In almost all Short of an outright ban on the pos­ country. of the cities in which hearings were held, session of handguns, there appears to be the local experience confirmed the view no way legally to prevent the acquisition Basically, my bill: that the handgun is the weapon of choice of these weapons by criminals and by Prohibits the importation, manufac­ for persons bent on crime or acts of vio­ the generally law-abiding person who ture, sale, purchase, transfer, receipt lence. may at some time be driven to use them possession, or transportation of hand~ In Chicago, Prof. Richard Block, of in assault. guns, except for or by members of the Loyola University, said that handguns Director Williams of Newark ac­ Armed Forces, law enforcement officials contribute excessively to the commission curately described the situation. He and as authorized by the Secretary of of violent crime. Although only about 27 said: the Treasury, licensed importers, manu­ percent of the firearms in the United As a. police administrator, it is my con­ facturers, dealers, and antique collectors. Staltes are handguns, he testified, these clusion that the proliferation of handguns Provides for the voluntary transfer of are the guns used in 76 percent of all contribut-es to more serious crime, which handguns owned at the time of passage contributes to more fear of crime, which to firearm homicides, 86 percent of all fire­ contributes to more handgun sales, sup­ the Secretary of the Treasury or those arm assaults, and virtually all robberies posedly for protection. which in turn con­ designated by him. ' involving the use of firearms. In urban tributes to another round of the same cycle. Provides for an allowance of a credit areas, Professor Block said, these per­ The only winners in this self-perpetuating against Federal income tax in an amount centages are even higher. cycle are the handgun manufacturers. The equal to the fair market value of hand­ In Cleveland, the city's chief of police, public is the clear loser. And the police are guns and handgun ammunition at the Lloyd F. Garey, said that the handgun caught in the middle with a. massive prob­ time the measure becomes law from the lem which is beyond their present powers time of its passage through 31, was used in 73 percent of all reported to control. I am persuaded tha.t the hazards D~ember murders in Cleveland during 1974. It was of the handgun are so great that they could 1977, after both title and possession are the handgun used in 86 percent of all no longer be manufactured or sold to the transferred to the designated agency. robberies with a firearm. public and that a. mechanism should be Provides penalties for violations of That the handgun is the weapon used created to drastically reduce the supply and $5,000 or 5 years' imprisonment or both. in an increasing percentage of homicides possession of existing handguns. Exempted from the provisions of the in recent years is established by a review That view was echoed repeatedly. Dr. bill are: of FBI statistics for 1964-73. During Stefan A. Pasternack, a Georgetown Uni­ The United States or any department those 10 years the national homicide rate versity psychiatrist, posed the problem or agency thereof of any State or any rose 94 percent. By contrast, during the in a similar vein. He said: department, agency, or political subdi­ same span the handgun homicide rate Will our society say it is willing to pay the vision thereof. rose 158 percent. In relation to the total, price? Can we really accept needless Professional security guard services li­ handgun homicides increased from 39 to deaths? ... We live in a democracy. There censed by the State with provisions for 53 percent. are always struggles between individual strict recordkeeping as prescribed by the As for robbery, a special Cleveland, rights and group welfare. In order to main­ Secretary and licensed pistol clubs. Ohio, Police Department study reveals tain some balance we are constantly re­ Exempted also are any handguns man­ drawing the lines. We now have to redraw that if the exceptional year 1972 is ex­ the line for the individual gun owner and ufactured before 1890, or any other hand­ cluded, 52 percent of the robberies re­ control guns. It is too dangerous to ignore gun which the Secretary determines is ported from 1970 through 1974 involved any longer. unserviceable, not restorable to firing the use of guns. In 1973 and 1974, an condition, and intended for use as a average of 42 percent of robberies in­ I share the view of Representative curio, museum piece, or collector's item. volved handguns. In relation to total gun JONATHAN B. BINGHAM, who in subcom­ robberies, the handgun robberies ac­ mittee testimony said: counted for over 90 percent from 1970 I recognize that even if we could pass [a.) through 1973 and 86 percent in 1974. bill today, we wouldn't be rid of handguns FISH: MAN'S EARLY WARNING tomorrow. It will take time, even with rea­ SYSTEM The public mood favors strong gun sonable compliance and intelligent enforce­ control measures. Indeed, it demands ment, to reduce the handgun supply and them. In the last 6 or 7 years since "law the attendant crime and death. But I know and order" has been the rallying cry to we can agree that a. society free of death HON. GILBERT GUDE increased street crime, billions of dollars by handgun is a. goal worthy of great striv­ OF MARYLAND have been spent in e:f!orts to control it. ing. It is incumbent on this Congress to take IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the first step down that road. Yet, we have unprecedented increases in Tuesday, September 23, 1975 crime and violence--and in the use of It is obvious that no statutory control handguns in the commission of it. is absolutely successful. Just as the ulti­ Mr. GUDE. Mr. Speaker, the follow­ There is no question that many peo­ mate solution to the Nation's drug abuse ing article, from the Washington Post, ple have elected to view the gun regula­ problem cannot lie solely in prohibitory Sunday September 14, 1975 by Abigail tion problem as an aU-or-nothing-at-all narcotics statutes but in a curb in drug Trafford Brett, e:f!ectively relates the matter. Thus, a proposal for registration demand, so the ultimate solution to the problems of pesticides and related com­ often generates the same heat and many violent crime problem is to rid our society pounds as they a:fiect innocent animal of the same arguments as a call for an of people who are willing or compelled species. As is pointed out in this article, outright ban of handguns. The failure to commit crimes and the problems that a number of species of water-living ani­ of some of the "antigun control" groups foster crime. Since these utopian condi­ mals are excellent indicators of low con­ to make distinctions has made debate on tions are not now within our grasp, it centrations of toxic substances. the issue difficult. becomes necessary to take measures di­ I recently completed a trip along the Despite the strong feelings aroused in rected at the objects of abuse themselves: entire length of the Potomac River and many citizens by what they may see as the drugs or the guns, as the case may was able to observe the several types of a threat to their heritage and way of be. pollution and their deleterious e:f!ect on life, it is clear that a majority of Ameri­ As I introduce this bill I would echo the river ecosystem. The river indeed can citizens do not share the attitude the words of my friend and colleague, supports a very fragile life sys·tem, for that any restriction on gun ownership Representative RONALD V. DELLUMS, of example three parts per billion of chlo­ or use is an erosion ot a basic freedom. California, when he addressed the House rine is toxic to oys·ter larvae. In this con- 29918 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975 text, we should consider carefully Abigail bags, vinyl seat covers and instant-freeze levels to fish, it does not automatically mean dried food are household words. that it 1S toxic to man. At the same time, it Brett's admonitions. At the same time, according to the National is a red flag. The artide follows: Cancer Institute, an estimated 70 to 90 per The National Pesticide Monitoring Pro­ FISH: MAN'S EARLY WARNING SySTEM cent ot all human cancers are associated with gram of the Fish and Wildlife Service has (By Abigail Trafford Brett) environmental factors. Many birth defects 100 stations across the country. Whole bodies Mirex is the most effective insecticide and neurological disorders have been linked of fish from the · local areas are ground up against fire ants. About 50,000 pounds of to chemical causes. The National Institute and analyzed. Instead of isolated water this stable chlorinated hydrocarbon are pro­ for Occupational Safety and Health has put quality measurements, fish residues give an duced a year. Initially, mirex passed all the over 12,000 compounds on their toxic sub­ average profile of what exists i:p. the environ­ standa rd screening tests for being toxic to stances list; 1,500 of these chemicals are sus­ ment on a quasi-permanent basis. And since marine life. Then, at a government labora­ pected of causing tumors. Before Congress is waterways are a major chemical sink, if there tory in Florida, juvenile blue cra.bs fed corn a Toxic Substance Bill to regulate the regis­ is a pollutant in the environment, fish are cob grits contaminated with low levels of tration, production and use of new chemicals. likely to get it first. mirex displayed an ominous delayed reaction. A number of government agencies are try­ A regional map of pollution emerges. In ing to determine what the risks really are in industrial areas of the Northeast and Mid­ They could no longer use their pincers west--the Great Lakes Region or along the to catch prey for food. the environment and to do something about them; the Environmental Protection Agency, Hudson River-scientists find high levels of The crabs became disoriented and more the toxic industrial compound PCBs. In the and more paralyzed. In the sea jungle, a the Food and Drug Administration, the Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Cancer In­ agricultural areas of the Southeast they find paralyzed pred ator quickly becomes prey and stitute. high residues of insecticides like DDT, al­ a cr.ab who can not use his scissors does not More and more, scient ists and government drin, dieldrin and toxaphene. survive. In the controlled water tank of the officials are turning to fish as an early­ The residue levels of these compounds are laboratory, the crippled crab becomes sci­ warning system. Midway on the predator­ then supplied to research laboratories to entific testimony to the invisible erosion of prey food chain, fish serve a dual purpose­ study the response of living organisms to the environment. first as indicators of what chemicals persist these persistent chemicals. The Department Acute poisonings such as a massive fish in the environment, second as test animals of Interior's Fish-Pesticide Research Labora­ kill are easy to see. It is what you don't see in the laboratory. tory in Columbia, Mo., for example, works that m 9.y have a more devasting imp.act on Fish are a first-grade Dick and Jane text­ with fresh water fish. The Mt. Desert Island the future. The slow, sublethal, almost invisi­ book of human physiology. Metabolically Biological Laboratory in Maine and EPA's ble change3 caused by pollutants in the en­ speaking, they are like mammals in slow mo­ Gulf Breeze Laboratory in Florida concen­ vironment produce slow, sublethal, almost tion. But simplicity aside, the basic functions trate on marine species. invisible changes in living creatures. It is are similar. "If you have an effect on the liver .A major emphasis is on chronic effects. It precisely these subtle changes that one gov­ of a fish which is a vertebrate, then you is one thing to expose a rat or a monkey to ernment scientist describes as "dying over might expect to have the same effect on high levels of a chemical and• produce a. a long period of time . .. chronic mortality." mammals, including human beings," ex­ tumor. It is another to relate that phe­ Just how fish respond to new factors in plains research ecologist Delawaye R. Nimmo nomenon to the realities of nature. With fish, the environment is a clue to how man also of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agen­ the levels that are detected in the environ­ is being change::!. by a world he is cons·tantly cy's Gulf Breeze Environmental Research ment are used in the experiments. The cbanging. Laboratory in Florida. laboratory becomes a microcosm of what is In the North Se.a, eels have cauliflower Scientists know, for example, that DDT actually taking place. growths on their lips. Sole and flounders attacks the nervous system of fish. Stored CRIPPLED CATFISH along the U.S. Pacific Coast have large up in the liver, it can send a lobster under About six years ago, a strange phenomenon lesions on their skin. Whi·te croakers feeding stress into convulsions. In the laboratory low cropped up in the commercial fish f·arms of around sewage outfalls along the coast of levels of the toxic compound polychlorinated Arkansas. Some of the channel catfish had California develop tumors around the mouth. biphenyls (PCB) affect t he thyroid gland in broken backs. They couldn't swim properly. Thousands of halibut h.ave had to be thrown fish. In higher amounts, PCBs cause the fins They flopped from side to side. They couldn't away because they were listless, underweight, of fish to rot off. Low levels of the insecti­ maintain their normal position in the water. their skin soft to touch. cides aldrin and dieldrin alter the amino acid Under nature's law of survival, these crippled In Jap·an, the gobie fish develop mouth metabolism in fish and produce signs of men­ cre:ttures quickly disappeared. But the mys­ tumors. Cunner in Rhode Island have cancer­ tal retardation. Toxaphene, another insecti­ tery of the so-called broken back syndrome ous tooth tumors. Large catfish in the central cide, attacks bone composition. Only recently remained. lakes of Florida grow tumors the size of a has the drama of chronic changes in the en­ Recently, two government scientists at finger joint. Oysters are found with leu­ vironment been documented in the labora­ Missouri's Fish-Pesticide Laboratory linked kemia. A dogfish in Maine has a brain tumor. tory. this crippling in fish with one of the most In the tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay, a IMMUNITY BUILT UP widely used insecticides in the United cancer epidemic has broken out among the The critical difference between nature and States-toxaphene. small unedible clams that live in the mud­ the laboratory is that, in the environment, What's more, the broken back syndrome fiats. no one chemical exists in isolation. In the was only the tip of the iceberg. Drs. Foster L. Channel catfish in Arkansas have broken central lakes of Florida, for example, where Mayer Jr. and Paul M. Mehrle discovered tl1at backs. Oysters have trouble growing thick the large catfish are found with tumors, the overall size of the fish was stunted by enough shells. Finless fish are seen off both more than 50 toxic compounds were analyzed almost a third. Reproduction was down by coasts-victiins of fin rot disease. Two spe­ in the water. 30 per cent. Skeletal deformation was so wide­ cies of fish in the Chesapeake Bay are said What's more, only the strong survlve. In spread that 80 per cent showed signs of to have increased the overall size of their the polluted Mississippi River, the large broken back syndrome. At first, the fish ap­ livers by a factor of two. In fish, as in hu­ mouth bass have disappeared and the mos­ peared to be normal, but X-rays revealed man beings. the liver is the organ that han­ quito fish is king. It turns out that this that dramatic anatomical changes had taken dles toxic materials. rugged little fish has built up an immunity place. It was only a question of time before "Diseases in fish have been directly linked to toxic chemicals. In laboratory tests, sci­ the bones becames so brittle that the spine with chemicals in the environment," explains entists find that the 1 lf2 -inch-long mosquito snapped. Dr. John c. Harshbarger, pathologist with the fish is 100 to 1,000 times more resistant to All it took to produce these changes were Smithsonian Institution. "While no one has insecticides than the larger-and commer­ low levels of the insecticide over a long directly linked a pollutant with cancer in. cially edible-fish. period of time-levels that correspond to fish, the circuinstantial evidence is there." In this survival of the fittest, what makes what has been measured in the environment. Since the 1930s marine explorer Capt. the large mouth bass a modern dinosaur? Since DDT and aldrin and dieldrin have Jacques Cousteau has been diving in the wa­ The key to adapting to a new chemical en­ been banned by the EPA, toxaphene is now ters of the Mediterranean, Red Sea, Indian vironment may lie in how often an organism the country's leading pesticide. It is used Ocean, North and South Atlantic, Pacific reproduces. The little mosquito fish produces predominantly in the South on cotton. Ac­ Oceans, Arctic and Antarctic. He estimates young every month. The larger fish produce cording to EPA figures, 76 million pounds of that the overall fish population of the world only once or twice a year. toxaphene are produced a year. Since the chemical revolution began after World War has decreased at least 30 per cent in the last "The phenomenon of the mosquito fish is a. 20 years. II, more than a billion pounds have been sign that one species is better able to cope added to the environment. A CHEMICAL AGE with pollution than another," explains David Since World War II man has been living J. Hansen, aquatic ecologist with EPA's In Arkansas, many commercial catfish in a. chemical age. High-energy transformers Florida Laboratory. "Resistance may go to farins are next to the cotton fields. are taken for granted. New drugs and chem­ those species who can reproduce the most LIVER DAMAGE ical therapy have successfully treated mental often so the resistance trait is passed on." Another quasi-permanent factor in the en­ lllness and cancer. Insecticides have increased In general, fish are much more vulnerable vironment are the industrial PCBs, essential food production and radicated diseases like to diseases and biochemical change than hu­ in the electronics industry. Highly resistant malaria, yellow fever and encephalitis. Plastic man beings. If a chemical is toxic in low to heat, PCBs are used, for example, in hy- September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29.9J.9 draulic fluid for high-energy transformers. Pest icide Laboratory in Missouri, scientists through radical interpreters of the Bill An efficient plasticizer, PCBs have also been showed that dieldrin alters the amino acid of Rights who would brook no Govern­ used in household paints, calking materials metabolism of fresh water fish. In rainbow ment scrutiny of revolutionary, totali­ and copy paper. In 1970 the Monsanto Com­ trout, for example, dieldrin produces n.ll the pany produced 85 million pounds of the biochemical trademarks for PKU, the me­ tarian and extremist groups, to organi­ super chemical. tabolic disorder in human beings that leads zations and individuals working in sup­ Meanwhile, scientists discovered that high to mental retardation. port of various Communist regimes such amounts of PCBs caused liver damage in It only took 3/ 10ths ppm f'or 300 days to as CUba and the Soviet Union. ':lxperimental animals and affected reproduc­ produce this effect. To be sure, scientists One of the incidents being used to jus­ tion. An outbreak of PCB poisoning from noticed no visible changes in the fish in tify calls for the abolition or dismember­ contaminated rice oil took place in Japan terms of overall size or in general behavior. ment of the Central Intelligence Agency where roughly a thousand people suffered Nor could they say that a change in amino has been the recent revelation that from a skin disease and more than a dozen acid metabolism was not a healthy adaptive died. response for a fish to a chemical change in nearly a quarter century ago a CIA em­ Monsanto alerted its customers to the his environment. ployee tragically killed himself after toxic effects of PCBs and limited the use "The point here is that the residues of drug experiments into the techniques of of the compound to closed system heat ex­ dieldrin it took in the fish to affect the brainwashing and how to counter them. changers. The FDA set regulations of 5 ppm amino acids and produce the biochemical It has been announced that attorney (parts per million) and under for food and signs for PKU were in the same range of the David Kairys of the Philadelphia office animal feed. Production is now down to 40 dieldrin residues measured in fish by the of the National Emergency Civil Lib­ national monitoring program," Dr. Mehrle million pounds a year. erties Committee--NECLC-is filing suit But the damage has been done. Results points out. against the CIA in this matter. from the national pesticide monitoring pro­ FOUR QUESTIONS gram show that PCBs are still a major pol­ In connection with the third category There are four questions scientists ask of CIA attackers, the record of Mr. lutant in the environment. High residues about each chemical tested: 1. Does the com­ exist in fish, particularly in industrial areas. pound degrade, leaving no chemical trace, or Kairys and the National Emergency Civil In 1971, before the curb on production, resi­ does some form of it persist, becoming a Liberties Committee is worth examining. dues reached as high as 200 ppm in Hudson quasi-permanent factor in the environment? According to an adulatory article from River fish. Levels currently detected in the 2. If the compound persists, is it readily ab­ the Today magazine of the Philadelphia Great Lakes are still eight times above FDA sorbed by living organisms, starting at the Sunday Inquirer-reprinted by the regulations. bottotn of the food chain in plants and on As a result of PCB contamination, com­ NECLC's publication, Rights-David up to man? 3. If the chemical is taken in, Kairys graduated from Columbia Law mercial fishing in Lake Michigan essentially does it build up inside the organism? has been stopped since 1971. Recently, state 4. What are the biochemical consequences? School in 1968 where he allegedly was officials in New York warned consumers not Scientists quietly are testing chemical "radicalized" during the 1968 Students to eat striped bass from the Hudson River or after chemical on fish. Only in the last three for a Democratic Society riots. Kairys salmon from Lake Ontario. The city of St. years has this type of research taken on a and his law partner, David Rudovsky, Louis just closed its public fishing pond major responsibility in the screening of toxic both received fellowships from the Uni­ stocked with carp because the fish were substances. The process is slow. versity of Pennsylvania Law School to found to be polluted. "If we see an accumulation of a chemical The environmental problem is that PCBs work as interns in the Philadelphia Pub­ in food or in fish, it's a red flag," explains Dr. lic Defender's office, where they re­ accumulate in the tissues of fish. While B. Thomas Johnson, microbiologist at the water samples may only show trace amounts Fish-Pesticide Laboratory in Missouri. mained until the spring of 1971 when of the chemical, fish are a living storehouse "We're not saying a compound should not be they entered private practice. Reported of the toxic substance. used. We are saying it should be more exten­ the article: What haunts scientists is not just the fact sively studied before it is released into the Kairys is a revolutionary who drives a PCBs are lethal in high amounts. Of far more environment." Porsche, chuckles one friend, more by way reaching significance may be the biochem­ Last year, the Missouri laboratory tested 76 of observation than of criticism. ical changes produced by very low amounts chemicals for effects on fish. The majority of PCBs. At EPA's Florida laboratory, scien­ turn out to be benign with a few notable ex­ In addition to their position as Phila­ tists determined that roughly 1/ 100th of the ceptions and it is the exceptions that are delphia counsel for the NECLC, Kairys lethal dose seriously affects reproduction of significant. and Rudovsky are both members of the salt water species. In one experiment, sheeps­ The object not only is to determine the National Lawyers Guild-NLG-an or­ ~ead minnow were exposed to 11 ppm of consequences of chemicals already in the en­ ganization whose publications and task PCBs for a month. After the fish spawned, vironment but to assess the potential dam­ the eggs were placed in clean water. Only 26 forces argue for carrying ''armed age in new compounds. struggle politics", that is, terrorism, into per cent of the young from these eggs sur­ The stakes are high. Chemicals have be­ vived. come an mtegral part of people's lives. the prisons and which has sta ted, "we While no such dramatic effect took place "For these reasons, we have to be very are a body of radicals and revolutionaries with fresh water fish, significant changes careful," explains Dr. Mayer, chief chemist at who propose to carry the struggle for occurred. In channel catfish exposed to only the Fish-Pesticide Laboratory. "Every night social change into our lives and our pro­ 2.4 ppm, the thyroid activity increased by I lie awake thinking. Have we forgotten fessions." 60 to 80 percent. In salmon the same effect something in our experiment? Just one little was seen with one half of a part per mill1on- At its 1973 convention, the National thing can make the experiment go either Lawyers Guild, which operated until the 1/ 1000th of the lethal dose. way. Either the use of a chemical is crushed The thyroid gland is the key regUlator in or a compound slips through that will crush late 1960's as a Communist Party, fish. It is associated directly or indirectly the environment." U.S.A.-CPUSA-front but whiLh now with all physiological functions such as contains a wide range of Maoist and New oxygen consumption and carbohydrate Left lawYers, law students and legal metabolism. workers, stated that: "We are looking at the sublethal, bio­ chemical effects that are not really causing ATI'ACKING THE INTELLIGENCE The main component of the socialist revo­ mortality," expl:t.ins Dr. Mehrle at the Fish COMMUNITY: THE NATIONAL lution in the United States will be an or­ Pesticide Laboratory in Missouri. "But when EMERGENCY CIVIL LIBERTIES ganized revolutionary working class, includ­ the sublethal effects concern a parameter COMMITTEE ing a neutralized military • • • We of the like the thyroid gland which controls the guild are attempting to support those orga­ behavior of fish, you are talking about nizing within the American working class chronic mortality." since we believe it is only the workers who HON. LARRY McDONALD have the power to seize control of the means INSECTICIDES BANNED OF GEORGIA of production • * *. Aldrin and dieldrin have a similar story IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to tell. In 1972, 13 million pounds were pro­ In keeping with the above statement duced in the United States. The two insec­ Tuesday, September 23, 1975 of the National Lawyers Guild, K a irys ticides have been banned because they caused Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. has been active in legal work against cancerous tumors in experimental animals. Speaker, the Nation's intelligence and military regulations, including a suit on But like DDT, PCBs and t oxaphene, aldrin law enforcement agencies have been un­ behalf of Linda Jenness, a leader of the and dieldrin seem to be persistent in the en­ Trotskyist Communist Socialist Workers vironment and residues still are found in der attack from many quarters. Critics fish. The levels are relatively low, but these range from opportunist members of the Party, and rr. Benj" min Speck against low levels are capable of producing signif­ press who find that exposure of intelli­ restrictions on political ranies on mili­ icant physiological changes. At the Fish- gence operations makes good "copy," tary bases; playing a prominent role in 29920 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 19 7 5 the defense of 28 draft board raiders ar­ volume of work required. This group, the Loni Levy; David Rein, an identified rested in Selective Service offices in Cam­ National Committee to Abolish HUAC, CPUSA member; and NECLC's co­ den, N.J.; and representing and partici­ now called the National Committee directors at that time, Henry diSuvero pating in rallies on behalf of the Phila­ Against Repressive Legislation, is still and Ramona Ripston diSuvero. delphia resistance when that group was run by Wilkinson and O'Connor, who NECLC has not, however, restricted its under investigation by the FBI in con­ also reta1n their memberships in the activities exclusively to CPUSA cases and nection with the burglary and theft of NECLC National Council. causes. A few select cases have been un­ confidential files from the FBI's Media, During the 1960's, the National Emer­ dertaken on behalf of CPUSA's rival Pa., office. gency Civil Liberties Committee moved Trotskyist Communists in the Socialist From the time of the formation of the to defend New Left activists ranging Workers Party. In 1969, NECLC filed suit International Labor Defense in the from members of the Marxist-Leninist against the denial of a visa to the Bel­ United States by the Comintern more Progressive Labor Party who traveled to gian Trotskyist leader, Ernest Mandel, than 50 years ago, the Communist Party, Cuba, through demonstrators involved in also known as Ernest Germain, who U.S.A.-CPUSA-has developed a series antidraft riots, to members of the armed heads the proterrorist majority of the of legal defense and propaganda ap­ services involved in "antiwar" organizing Fourth International, the international paratus to defend the causes of Com­ in support of the North Vietnamese coordinating body for Trotskyist Com­ munist, revolutionary and extremist law­ Communists. munist parties. breakers. Since 1951, one of the·most ac­ In 1965, NECLC moved into a multi­ With its national headquarters at 25 tive of these has been the Emergency pronged attack on U.S. military involve­ East 26th Street, New York, N.Y., Civil Liberties Committee-ECLC-"Na­ ment in support of South Vietnam. Early NECLC maintains three local affiliated tional" was added to the name in the in 1965, NECLC leaders Corliss Lamont, offices. They are: mid-1960's. chairman; Leonard B. Boudin, general David Rein, Forer and Rein, 430 National The NECLC was formed as a vehicle counsel; Victor Rabinowitz, Boudin's law Press Bldg., Washington, D.C. 20004. Rein, for organizing Marxist and liberal sup­ partner and a members of NECLC's Na­ an identified CPUSA member, has handled port for Communist Party members then tional Council; and Joseph Crown, an­ a series of military law cases for NECLC. His being prosecuted under the Smith Act. other NECLC National Council member partner, Joseph Forer, has been co-counsel with CPUSA General Counsel John Abt on At the time of ECLC's creation, the and veteran of the old Lawyers Commit­ behalf of the Communist Party itself. It is American Civil Liberties Union had tee on American Relations with Spain, a interesting to note that an associate of the moved to stem criticism of its policies by "Communist lawyers' front organiza­ firm, Alan Dranitzke, serves as legal coun­ removing the two open leaders of the tion," .met on the initiative of Harold sel to the Organizing Committee for the Fifth totalitarian Communist Party, U.S.A.­ Cammer, another old Lawyers Commit­ Estate (OG-5), which devotes itself to spy­ Elizabeth Gurley Flynn and William Z. tee on American Relations with Spain ing on Big Brother, the intelligence com­ Foster-from the ACLU's national board. activist, to develop legal arguments munity. OC-5's leading Advisory Board mem­ ber, Phillip Agee, has admitted working with However, the ACLU did nothing to re­ against U.S. involvement in Vietnam. the Cuban Communist Party against the CIA. move its other known CPUSA members, From that meeting was developed the All three are also active with the National or to determine the extent of penetra­ Lawyers Committee on American Policy Lawyers Guild. tion by covert CPUSA personnel. Towards Vietnam which, in NECLC's Kairys and Rudovsky, 1427 Walnut Street, While the involvement of open Com­ words, "initiated and participated in Philadelphia, Pa. 19102. munist Party, U.S.A. members in the numerous international conferences of The Law Office, 505 Court Place, Pitts­ Emergency Civil Liberties Committee was lawyers designed to develop interna­ burgh, Pa. 15219. An affiliate also of the Na­ limited, virtually without exception the tional support for its position concerning tional Lawyers Guild. officers, executive committee and nation­ the illegality of Washington's interven­ The NECLC's objectives were summar­ al council members have had extensive tion in Indochina." In October, 1972, a ized in the late 1950's by the House Com­ records of multiple involvement in other Lawyers Co.mmittee delegation to Hanoi mittee on Un-American Activities as in­ CPUSA fronts and causes; and among met with Premier Pham Van Dong to cluding: them, in key positions, have been open discuss the necessity of obtaining U.S. Extinction of the investigative powers of and identified CPUSA members. In con­ aid for the Communist regime. the Congress in the field of subversive ac­ sidering the recording of service to the Also in 1965, the NECLC National tivities; CPUSA and the Russians by someone Council decided to develop court chal­ Restriction of important functions of the like Corliss Lamont, the question of lenges to the draft, on gro·unds that U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation in the in­ whether he has ever paid party dues be­ actions in Vietnam were "crimes against vestigation of subversive activities; and Creation of a general climate of opinion comes of minimal importance. humanity and violations of international against the exposure and punishment of sub­ Among the most prominent CPUSA law." As an example of NECLC's dedica­ version. fronts with which NECLC officers and tion to preventing further U.S. assistance council members have been associated to those resisting Communist armed ag­ In pursuit of these goals, NECLC, in are the National Lawyers Guild, National gression. in August, 1971, lawyers acting conjunction with the Political Rights De­ Council of American-Soviet Friendship, for NECLC brought suit in all14 Federal fense Fund-PRDF-a "unit-ed front" Jefferson School of Social Science, Na­ Appeals Courts seeking injunctions legal support organization created by the tional Council of the Arts, Sciences and against further prosecution of the war. Trotskyist Communist Socialist Workers Professions, National Committee Against NECLC and the National Lawyers Party to raise funds and develop propa­ Repressive Legislation, World Peace Guild have maintained a close relation­ ganda on behalf of the SWP's suits Council and the Southern Conference ship for more than three decades, the against the FBI and other law enforce­ Educational Fund. NLG serving as the professional legal re­ ment agencies whose sponsors include After thorough investigation, both the source group, while the NECLC raises many members of NECLC, the NLG, and House Un-American Activities Commit­ funds and distributes propaganda. even known CPUSA members, held a tee and the Senate Internal Security In June 1968, the NECLC and the NLG "teach-in" against the FBI's scrutiny of Subcommittee found the Emergency set up jointly the New York Draft a~d revolutionary organizations on May 28, Civil Liberties Committee to be a front Military Law Panel to assist radical at­ 1975, in New York City. for the Communist Party. torneys across the country to provide Participants in the a·nti-FBI seminar In 1957, the ECLC was chosen to legal assistance to draft resisters and included Anne Braden of the CPUSA, an launch CPUSA's "Operation Abolition" antiwar agitators organizing against NECLC National Council member; Frank drive against the House Un-American military discipline within the Armed Donner, whose membership in the Activities Committee, a drive coordinated Forces. Among the most prominent by CPUSA members Harvey O'Connor, NECLC attorneys involved in the panel's CPUSA dates back at least to his days who w·as then serving as ECLC's chair­ activities were NECLC staff a.ttorney in the NLRB in the early 1940's, present­ man, and Frank Wilkinson. It will be re­ Michael J. Kennedy; Jonathan Lubell, ly serves as head of the American Civil called that in 1961, when the Operation the official National Lawyers Guild rep­ Liberties Union's political surveillance Abolition campaign moved into high resentative on the panel who in the early project and as a member of the advisory ~ear, a second Communist Party front 1950's was a CPUSA youth organizer at board of the organizing commi-ttee for was developed from ECLC to handle the Harvard University; Douglas Kramer; the Fifth Estate; Dr. Morris Starsky, September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29921 Social Workers Party; Leonard Bou­ ment. The case is being handled by Eric Eisner, N.Y., Mce Fishman, N.Y., Rabbi R. E. din; Henry Foner of the NECLC National Lieberman. · Goldburg, Conn. AVRECH VERSUS SECRETARY OF THE NAVY Ira Gollobin, N.Y., Samuel Gruber, Conn., Council and innumerable other CPUSA David Haber, N.Y., Paul Lehmann, N.Y., Irv­ fronts and causes; David McReynolds of • • • Avrech was court-martlaled and con­ ing Lerner, N.Y., Joseph Miller, Pa., Sidney the War Resisters' League, a militant victed for violating the General Article of Milwe, Conn., Claire Nichtern, N.Y. "pacifist" group which sees capitalism the Uniform Code of Mllitary Justice, which Leon Quat, N.Y., Victor Rabinowitz, N.Y., as the prime cause of war; and Judy forbids all disorders and neglects to the Harry I. Rand, N.Y., Lou1s L. Redding, Del., Palouso of the New York Women's Grand prejudice of good order and discipline in Esther Rowland, N.Y., Robert J. Schwartz, the armed forces and all conduct of a nature N.Y., Nathan Schwerner, N.Y., Morton Stavis, Jury Group who attacked the FBI's t,.,__ to bring discredit upon the armed forces. vestigation of several homosexual wom­ N.Y. Subsequent to his conviction, Avrech • • • NATIONAL COUNCIL en's communes in Connecticut and Ken­ challenged his conviction on three grounds: tucky which may have harbored "urban (1) that the General Article was unconsti­ Arthur Alpert, R.I., John Atlee, Pa., Robert tutionally vague, • • • (2) that the dis­ L. Boehm, N.Y., Paul R. Booth, Dl., Anne guerrillas" Susan Saxe and Kathryn Braden, Ky., Robert S. Browne, N.J., Jane Powers. loyalty specification upon which Avrech was tried was unconstitutionally vague • • •, Buchenholz, N.Y., Heywood Burns, N.Y., NECLC reported that among those Kenneth Cloke, Cal., Aleine Austin Cohen, and (3) that the attempt to circulate the who sent messages to be read at the antiwar statement was protected by the Md., Robert S. Cohen, Mass., Lawrence Cole, NECLC/PRDF anti-FBI meeting were First Amendment. The Court of Appeals for N.Y., Charles W. Collins, N.Y., Sylvia Crane, Kathy Kelly of the National Student the District of Columbia • • • overturned N.Y., Joseph H. Crown, N.Y., Ossie Davis, N.Y. Hon. Hubert T. Delany, N.Y., David Del­ Association, and Julian Bond. Avrech's conviction. On appeal the United linger, N.Y., Earl B. Dickerson, Dl., John M. A considerable proportion of NECLC's States Supreme Court reversed, upholding Dolan, Minn., Douglas Dowd, Cal," Benjamin lawsuits are handled by Leonard Boudin the Article and reinstating the conviction. Dreyfus, Cal., Hester Eisenstein, N.Y., Thomas and his law :firm, Rabinowitz, Boudin The case is now back before the Court of I. Emerson, Conn. and Standard. Leonard Boudin has an Appeals for the District of Columbia on the Al Evanoff, N.Y., Shirley Fingerhood, N.Y., two remaining issues. • • • Henry Foner, N.Y., Moe Foner, N.Y. Laurent impressive record of support for Com­ The case was argued on behalf of NECLC munist and Marxist-Leninist fronts and B. Frantz, Cal., Rev. Stephen H. Fritchman, by Dorian Bowman of Rabinowitz, Boudin Cal., Rev. David Garcia, N.Y., Charles R. causes. Victor Rabinowitz refused to dis­ & Standard, and David Rein of Forer & Rein. Garry, Cal. cuss under oath before the Senate In­ HARRINGTON VERSUS COLBY Maxwell Geismar, N.Y., Louis GUden, Mo., ternal Security Subcommittee whether Congressman Michael Harrington (D­ DanielS. GUlmor, N.Y., Allen Ginsberg, N.Y., or not he was a member of the Commu­ Mass.) has launched the first full-scale legal Sally Gorton, N.Y., Jane Gould, N.Y., Richard nist Party on fifth amendment grounds. attack on CIA activities-both domestic and Grossman, N.Y., Charles V. Hamilton, N.Y. Rabinowitz, Boudin, and Standard have foreign. The recently filed complaint alleges James Haughton, N.Y., Tom Hayden, Cal., for over a decade represented the legal the CIA to be engaging in lawless behavior Rev. George G. Hill, Conn., Warren Hinckle, interests of the Cuban Communist re­ in that its activities far exceed its statutory III, Cal., Rev. Chester E. Hodgson, N.Y., Edna authorization simply to collect foreign in­ Ruth Johnson, Fla., Gloria Joseph, Mass., gime in the U.S. courts. telligence information. Alicia Kaplow, N.Y. Among the attorneys associated with General Counsel Boudin and Michael Blanche Katz, N.Y., Sanford Katz, N.Y., the firm who have represented the Krinsky and Eric Lieberman of Rabinowitz, Barbara Kay, N.J., Hon. Robert W. Kenny, NECLC in cases in recent years are Boudin & Standard are representing Con­ Cal., Arthur Kinoy, N.J., Paul KraEsner, Cal., Michael B. Standard, Dorian Bowman, gressman Harrington on behalf of NECLF. William Kunstler, N.Y., Edward H. Lamb, K. Randlett Walster, Michael Krinsky, Ohio. William M. Kunstler, a member of Sandra Levison, N.Y., Herman Liveright, Eric Lieberman, and Herbert Jordan. NECLC's national council and a founder Mass., Oliver S. Loud, Ohio, Jonathan W. A recent docket listing of NECLC's of the Center for Constitutional Rights, Lubell, N.Y., Conrad J. Lynn, N.Y., Curtis significant cases, both pending and which works in cooperation with NECLC MacDougall, Ill., Elizabeth Martinez, N.M., new, in the April/May issue of Rights, and the National Lawyers Guild and Carey McWilliams, N.Y. included: William Meyers, N.Y., Broadus Mitchell, states its role is as "activists in a struggle N.Y., Howard Moore, Jr., Ga., W. Edward M'LUCAS VERSUS DE CHAMPLAIN • * * against illusory democracy," re­ Morgan, Ariz., Phillip Morrison, Mass., DeChamplain was charged with conspiracy cently expressed in personal terms the Stewart Matt, N.Y., Jack Newfield, N.J., to commit espionage. The Air Force would goals of the revolutionary lawyers: Harvey O'Connor, R.I. not allow his chosen defense counsel to have The thing I'm most interested in is keeping Grace Paley, N.Y., Maurice Paprin, N.Y., meaningful access to the documents upon people on the street who will forever alter Sidney M. Peck, Ohio, Eleanor Jackson Piel, which the charges were based. The Un1 ted the character of this society: the revolution­ N.Y., Lawrence Pinkham, Mass., Michael N. States District Court for the District of Co­ aries. Whether its the American Indian Pollet, N.Y., D!rVid Rein, D.C., Dennis J. lumbia enjoined the pending court-martial Movement, or the Black Liberation Army, or Roberts, Cal. on the grounds that the Air Force's actions H. Rap Brown-a person or an organiza­ Alex J. Rosenberg, N.Y., Tessie Sacher, precluded an effective defense. tion-I'm really interested only in spending N.J., Marjorie B. Schell, N.Y., Dien Schulder, The government appealed directly to the my talents, and any assets I have, to keep the N.Y., Donald Shaffer, N.Y., Isidore Silver, Supreme Court, arguing that the restric­ revolutionaries functioning. N.Y., · Modjeska. Simkins, S.C., John Simon, tions imposed by the Air Force were N.Y. proper, • • •. The attacks on intelligence gathering I. Philip Sipser, N.Y., Dr. Benjamin Spack, The case was argued by General Counsel agencies by the National Emergency Civil N.Y., Michael Standard, N.Y., Catherine Leonard B. Boudin on behalf of NECLF Liberties Committee, a front for the Stimpson, N.Y., I. F. Stone, D.C., Paul M. (National Emergency Civil Liberties Foun­ Communist Party, U.S.A., and by other Sweezy, N.Y., Stanley Swerdlow, N.Y., Moe L. dation) on December 9, 1974. associated· revolutionary legal organiza­ Tandler, N.Y. DECHAMPLAIN VERSUS LOVELACE tions increase both in skill and in · A. Dale Tussing, N.Y., Rev. William Van • • • the Court of Appeals for the Eighth Meter, N.Y., Lawrence Velvel, Md., Bruce C. number. Waltzer, La., Palmer Weber, N.Y., Peter Weiss, Circuit recently held that a serviceman may Perhaps those who have been involved not be confined by the military prior to trial N.Y. without being afforded an evidentiary hear­ in disclosures of classified information David Wesley, Cal., John Wilhelm, Conn., ing before a neutral officer or military judge. should examine their actions carefully in Frank Wilkinson, C:tl., H. H. Wilson, Pa., The government must bear the burden at light of who ultimately benefits from Francis D. Wormuth, Utah, Jose Yglesias, such a hearing of showing that the accused them. N.Y., Sidney Zion, N.Y. would not a_?pear at trial if released. • • • NECLC's officers include: DeChamplain is represented by Eric Lieb­ Corliss Lamont, Chairman. erman of Rabinowitz, Boudin & Standard, Edith Tiger, Director. on behalf of The National Emergency Civil Sidney J. Gluck, Secretary. HOW NOT TO MANAGE A CITY Liberties Foundation. Leonard B. Boudin, General Counsel. The government has obtained a stay of Mary Mothersill, Vice-Chairwoman. the Court of Appeals' decision from the John M. Pickering, Vice-Chairman. HON. RICHARD L. OTTINGER United States Supreme Court, pending pos­ John H. Scudder, Treasurer. OF NEW YORK sible application for certiorari. • • • Clark Foreman, Director Emeritus. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FORTUNE SOCIETY VERSUS ROCKEFELLER EXECUTIVE COMMITrEE Tuesday, September 23, 1975 This action challenges the constitution­ James Aronson, N.Y., Dr. Alan R. Bleich, ality of the disciplinary procedures employed N.Y., Bernard Brightman, N.J., Eleanor Brus­ Mr. O'ITINGER. Mr. Speaker, I would by the New York State Correctional Depart- sel, N.Y., Ernest Chanes, N.Y., Eugene G. like to call the attention of my colleagues EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975 to a piece written by Tom Wicker in the vironment, need, cost, community senti­ inserting in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD New York Times about the inadvisabil­ ment, common sense and legislative trends­ a Honolulu Star-Bulletin article which the new West Side Highway is the wrong describes the research of Doctors Norton ity of constructing a new west side high­ plan at the wrong time for the wrong place. way in New York City. The article, which Why should this be? One reason, not neces­ and Shibata: follows, presents strong arguments sarily the most important, is the so-called UH SciENTISTS DISCOVER HEART DRUG against build:ng th1s highway on many "highway lobby," the conglomeration of big (By Tomi Knaefl.er) grounds including energy use, environ­ interests that benefit from highway con­ Two University of Hawaii pharmacologists mental cons~derations, need, cost and struction-suppliers, builders, engineers, today announced the discovery of a chemical community sentiment: labor, banks that handle huge deposits for extracted from a common sea anemone found [From the New York Times, Sept. 14, 1975] construction purpo~es, some real estate in­ in West Coast waters that appear to be high­ terests. All these interests have good friends ly promising as a resuscitating agent for the How NoT To MANAG= THE CITY in Congress, state legislatures, state highway failing heart. (By Tom Wicker) agencies, and important 1ocal authorities. The new chemical is called anthopleurln-A The New York Legislature has passed and Perhaps more to the point is the persistent (AP-A) and is derived from the sea anemone Governor Hugh Carey has signed legislation American failure to recognize that the day of Anthopleura xanthogrammica found com­ designed to stave off financial de.fault by New cheap and abundant energy is either over, or monly in coastal waters from Alaska to York City and to restore investor confidence so precariously preserved that no one can Mexico. in the city's borrowing ability. But what good count on it beyond the moment. As long as it The isolation and characterization of the will such legislation do if the city persists in is believed that American drivers can go on new natural drug was done by Dr. Ted Nor­ supporting inept financial management and forever in profligate wasting of energy-the ton, professor of pharmacology with the Uni­ improvident public planning, as represented voracious consumption of gasoline in auto­ versity's Pacific Biomedical Research Center. for one bad example by the proposal to build mobiles-there will be public demand for Pharmacological work, including testing of a new West Side Highway from the Battery more and more highways and there will be the drug in the laboratory and in animals, to 42d Street at a possible cost to the city politicians and bureaucrats to yield to those was done by Dr. Shoji Shibata, professor of of $110-million? demands. pharmacology with the John A. Burns medi­ That is only 10 per cent of the tot!l.l cost, In the final analysis, however, it is the cal school. and the other 90 per cent-about $1 billion­ mystical American fixation on the automo­ The first report of their findings was made will be paid for in Federal funds, although no bile that produces such perversions or- com­ at the American Society of Pharmacology Federal funds will be forthcoming, appar­ mon sense as the West Side Highway plan. and Experimental Therapeutics in Davis, ently, to save the city from default. What Among public officials, planners, even most Calif., a few weeks ago. kind of insanity is that? Particularly since: commentators, it is an article of faith that Norton said the report provoked consider­ If the city chose, it could opt under Fed­ an American cannot be lured out of his car, able interest among scientists and that dis­ eral legislation to receive about $550 million that mass transit is at best a losing proposi­ cussions are now under way with drug com­ for mass transit capital expenditures, instead tion, that no matter what the dollar or en­ panies regarding substantial work that of the $1 billion plus for building the high­ vironmenal or energy cost, highways and would have to be made before the drug can way. autos are the only mode of transportation win approval from the Food and Drug An interstate from the Battery to 42d Americans will accept. Administration. Street almost demands continuation at least That is not true, as can be demonstrated Norton said AP-A's propertles that appear to the George Washington Bridge, which by the acceptance of improved transit in any to make it medically significant were dis­ would incur further enormous costs; and the number of American cities. But what people covered almost by chance two years ago. He State Department of Transportation has in think is true might as well be true, which was working on potential anticancer agents fact already filed for an extension to 72d is why New York will no doubt persist in the in sea animals. It took him about a year to Street. folly of the West Side Highway, even while work out a process of extracting AP-A. At best, and only for the route length now trying to prove that it really does know how He said Shibata picked up on AP-A's possi­ approved, construction would take ten to to handle its money. bilities because of his longstanding interest fifteen years by various estimates. in cardiovascular pharmacology. The new highway will bring vastly in­ Shibata's laboratory tests indicate that creased traffic, particularly in trucks coming AP-A, a polypeptide (small protein), is sig­ from New Jersey; this increased traffic will HAWAI! SCIENTISTS DISCOVER nificantly more potent than drugs currently escalate the city's problems in meeting Fed­ NEW HEART DRUG in use, such as digitalis, to energize a fail· eral clean-air standards; when, in fact, the ing heart. city is estimated to need a 30 to 50 per cent Further, Shibata reports that AP-A appears reduction in traffic levels to meet those to be more potent without the usual side­ HON. SPARK M. MATSUNAGA effects, such as increased blood pressure and clean-air standards. OF HAWAII Unless someone solves the energy crisis in arrythmia (uneven beating of the heart). the next year or so, the construction of gran­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Both scientists emphasized that a huge diose new highways-this one largely on Tuesday, September 23, 1975 amount of very costly work still has to be land·fill in the Hudson River-to carry done before the drug can be made available more gas-guzzling cars and trucks is a self­ Mr. MATSUNAGA. Mr. Speaker, Fed­ commercially. defeating policy that runs counter to every eral funds from the National Heart In­ They believe a drug company would be warning from the Federal Government and stitute and funds from the Hawaii Heart best able to make the follow-up studies. every common-sense consideration; what Association have made possible vitally Norton said that while the sea anemone New York and every American city needs is is very common, it isn't easy to collect as it important research in heart disease at doesn't grow in huge clusters in one spot. improved mass transit, not more concrete to the University of Hawaii. Dr. Ted Nor­ accommodate more internal combustion en­ The process Norton devised from extract­ gines. ton and Dr. Shoji Shibata, two Univer­ ing the chemical enables a harvest of some Who would benefit, if anybody would, from sity of Hawaii pharmacologists have 15,000 doses of the drug from about 10 to 20 the new highway? According to Action for discovered a chemical extract from a sea anemones. Rational Transit, a coalition of groups op­ anemone which appears to offer prom­ Norton was assisted in his work by Midori posed to its construction, more than 78 per ise as a resuscitating agent for the Kashiwagi. Shibata's associate was Dr. Taka­ cent of all Manhattan residents do not own failing heart. shi Izumi, a pharmacologist from Asahikawa cars; nor do 57.5 per cent of all New Yorkers. Medical College in Japan on sabbatical leave The new chemical is called antho­ here. On the other hand, A.R.T. asserts, 90 per cent pleurin-A CAP-A). The sea anemone is of all rush-hour trips to midtown Manhattan The AP-A study was funded by the Heart are taken on the subways. commonly found in coastal waters from Lung Institute of the U.S. Department of While the $50 million the city could obtain Alaska to Mexico, but it is not easy to Health, Education and Welfare and the Ha­ for mass transit would not be directly avail­ collect, since it does not grow in huge waii Heart Association. able for operating subsidies, there might well clusters in a.nv one spot. have been ways in which this sum could have The first report of the pharmacolo­ been uc:;ed to save the 35-cent fare; it surely gists' findings was made at the American IF YOU WANT FOOD, LET THE FARMER FARM could be U"ed in a manner designed to at­ Society of Pharmacology ~nd Experi­ tract more rlders, hence more reveBELLA ABZUG: TODAY'S HAPPY for the people who need things done. Terry along with Senator DicK CLARK and WARRIOR Sanford wrote a book called "What About The People?", and that is the question Bella Iowa's secretary of agriculture, Mr. Bob Abzug is always asking. Lounsberry. The remarks I made there HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK Her positions on issues are based on a solid were received very well by the farmers in OF CALIFORNIA foundation of reality. It is wrong to put a attendance, and so I thought that my political label on her because she does not colleagues here in the House would be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have ideological concerns. She is in the great interested to hear what a farmer has to Tuesday, September 23, 1975 tradition of Smith and Roosevelt in having say about this Nation's policy toward one assumption; that the purpose of govern­ Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I request ment is to help the people. Bella is searching agriculture. unanimous consent to insert in the REc­ for new ways to deliver services that are REMARKS AT FARM FEST ORD a first-rate column about one of our desperately needed in America, services that As most of you probably know, I was a most distinguished colleagues. The col­ other nations have been providing to their farmer before being elected. My family and I umn appeared in the East Hampton, people for years. still live on a farm. Farming for me is both HOPELESSNESS enjoyable and rewarding. And it has been Long Island, Star, on September 11, and good to me. But farming as a way of life for describes BELLA ABZUG as well as anyone Bella's biggest problem is not that she is a millions of American families seems to be on ha~how she is always right on the is­ woman, however. It is that there is a prevail­ its way out. The reason for that is, surpris­ sues, how she is always out front, how ing sense of hopelessness, that you can't do ingly, not our vulnerability to natural proc­ anything any more. The political movements she mixes courage and conviction vvith have died out; new opportunities, the Nixons esses and disasters; in fact, fa;rming is per­ practical political realism. of tomorrow, take advantage constantly. haps one of the most productive enterprises We are lucky to have BELLA here in that exists today. the House, but if she decides to move What threatens the individual farmer is a The Democratic Party, each day, appears to man-made problem; it is a loss of control across the Hill, our loss will be the Sen­ be increasingly without purpose and often over how he does business to big Government ate's gain. against constructive change. and powerful interest groups. It seems Mr. Speaker, the article follows: But the best minds of our time, the most strange, but control of agriculture in this POLITICS IN PERSPECTIVE talented people, retreat into safe corners, hoping to save themselves and to remain in nation is going more and more into the (By Richard Cummings) hands of people who have probably never some way, uncontaminated by the plague of At the recent, splendid bash for Bella hypocrisy that is sweeping the nation. spent a day farming in their whole life. What Abzug at Jimmy and Dallas Ernst's home is even more unbelievable 1s that farmers are I would submit that Bella Abzug's great losin g con trol largely because they are so in East Hampton, Bob Aurthur pointed out mission at this time, in her campaigns and that Bella Abzug is the best dancer in Con­ in her work, is as a catalyst against despair. productive; that's right, because we are able, gress. Aurthur claims to have done the jitter­ through h ard work and technological oo­ If she became a United States Senator, you vancement, to produce more than this soci­ bug with Bella, and if they agreed to do it know that the stuffy upper chamber would again in public, this would be a way to raise ety needs, our crops have become a tool of never be the same. But whatever she does, a great deal of money. It would be worth any she can use her power in the State of New both foreign and domestic policy makers. price to see Bob and Bella jitter-bug, and Examples are n ot hard to find. Just a few York for vitally important ends. if we could get Burton Lane on the piano, The more support she has, the less power weeks ago, Henry Kissinger said that grain we could open on Broooway. would be used to help fix the price of im­ the backward reactionaries in the Democratic But Bella does not have to open on Bro8Jd­ Party will have. Backing Bella is a vital way ported oil. An d, of course, the role of George way to get attention. She gets it by walking Meany, the longshoremen, and the Presiden t of resuming the constant fumigation that the down the street, simply by virtue of the fact Democratic Party needs. in telling farmers just when and to who they that she is the embodiment of what is best can sell grain is infamous. in American politics today. The gimmicks, SENSE There are many other examples, too. In­ the hat, and all the publicity that follows This is because Bella makes sense on the vestigation has shown that the major policy her everywhere, are reminiscent of FDR and issues. Unlike some of her younger collea­ maker on the packer bonding issue was a his cape a nd cigarette holder, or AI Smith gues in Washington, who have a propensity lawyer in the Justice Department. Yet he and his bowler. to cave in under pressure, Bella Abzug knows admitted knowing nothing about agricul­ Bella is today's Happy Warrior, a superb that it is her responsibility to take strong ture. And Congress has passed legislation urban populist with a natural broad-based positions, which she considers, after consid­ giving the EPA and OSHA a large say in how appeal, with only the fact of her womanhood erable deliberation, to be correct and worth we, as farmers, must grow our crops, and how holding her back in the minds of some. fighting for. we, as farmers, must deal with our employees She is a practical politician and knows the and our farm equipment. Then there is Sec­ THE RECORD ins and outs of power, and she can deal and retary of the Treasury Simon who appears As AI Smith used to say, let's look at the bargain with the best of them, but she does unwilling to impose counter-vailing duties record. It is very hard to find an important not sell out her positions on the issues. Here­ on cheese imports, when other nations are issue about which Bella Abzug has been in lies her greatest strength. using subsidies to the fullest. And it was wrong. Impeachment, t h e war, the economy. - Even locally, people who have supported only recently that the Senate, heavily in­ Bella Abzug has consistently been not only the Democratic Party must be aware that a fluenced by liberal environmental groups, right, but usually right first. lack of purpose, of strong positions on is· passed legislation barring the use of DES in Why is this? Why does this person, with sues that concern the people, is dest roying cattle. a background in the law, not a subject that the credibility of that organization. To get What is even more shocking is that now generally produces prophets, have this un­ back a sense of purpose, the local Democrats union leaders and other persons are demand­ can ny ability to ses things so clearly? must now move to a larger arena; to start ing that food must remain cheap. That's The answer might have been given easily speaking out against the kind of leadership right, they are asking that we, as farmers, by Thomas Paine. Bella Abzug has Common that has prevented the party from fulfilling grow lots of food and charge little for it. Sense. Not just as those words are used today, its proper mission. Even as the EPA bans the use of economical to mean a practical vision of reality, but in And wh ile that undertaking is launched, pesticides, even as OSHA tells us that we the c:mtext that Paine used them. Bella Ab­ the Democrats must begin to define the must buy more expensive equipment, even zug has the ability to perceive reality, and to proper objectives of a political party that as the Senate says that DES can no longer be articulate that reality, in a way that corre­ claims to be the party of the people and not used in fattening cattle, even as packing sponds to the perception of large numbers of the special interests. houses go bankrupt before the cattle raiser people who lack her strength to speak out I n doing this in New York State, they are has been paid off, we are supposed to provide about the way things really are. This is why fortunate to have such an exemplary model cheap food. Even when we are subjected to conservative audiences around the State of in Bella Abzug. In rallying to her support, risks far beyond what the average business­ New York, who have been prejudiced against they rally to their own. man is exposed to--the risk that we cannot her by denunciations from the right in both sell our crops in a free market, the risk that t h e Democratic and Republican parties, re­ we will have no way to kill pests that infest spond so favorably to her speeches. our crops, the risk that in any given year, "THE WAY THINGS ARE" FOOD STAMPS PROGRAM zealous politicians and union leooers will All you can do when you are listening to decide that it is time for the farmer to bite Bella Abzug speak is to say, "That's right. the bullet for the rest of society, we are told That's the way things are." HON.ANDREW YOUNG that food must be cheap. But even more than that, Bella then moves Friends, I'm not known for being a radical. to the realm of possible action. She is a per­ OF GEORGIA But I want to submit to you a radical pro­ son with community experience. She knows IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES posal. Why don't we tell our elected officials, how to get people organized to accomplish Tuesday, September 23, 1975 and leaders of powerful unions and other in­ legitimate goals. She is one of the rare politi­ terest groups, that it is time that the farmer cal experts in America who remembers that Mr. YOUNG of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, had something to say about farming? politics is a way of getting real things done during the past few months the media- 299~4 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 19 7 5 have been full of attacks on the food a. year are receiving food stamps. The facts, gram is designed to be only marginally at­ stamp program. Treasury Secretary according to USDA statistics, are that vir­ tractive. For this reason, participation is tually no one earning $16,000 a year (or even relatively high a.t the lowest income levels Simon and Vice President RocKEFELLER $12,000 a year) is receiving food stamps. In­ and low at the highest levels." have been at the forefront of the cam­ deed, USDA considers this ad so misleading Simon also charged that the food stamp paign. This sudden and unjustified as­ that it has referred it to the Federal Trade program is "out of control," citing as evi­ sault seems to reflect a new administra­ Commission (FTC) for investigation and dence the "fact" that the program has tion position on food stamps which, if possible legal action as misleading advertis­ grown 47,000 percent since 1962. allowed to become policy, would result ing. Even so, Simon cited the ad as un­ This statement, although not strictly un­ in a severe curtailment of the only pro­ varnished truth. truthful, is extremely deceptive and mis­ gram that has as its purpose to make The USDA statistics show that the food leading. It fails to explain that the food available a nutritionally adequate diet stamp program is overwhelmingly a. program stamp program operated in only eight coun­ for low-income fa.m111es. A major USDA re­ ties in 1962, while today it is a. nationwide for all Americans. port on the program presented to Oongress program operating in over 3,000 counties. As we approach another year of na­ in June found that only 13 percent of all The statement also fails to explain that in tional electoral politics, it is my sincere food stamp participants are in households the 1960s the principal federal food assist­ hope that the food stamp program will with incomes of over $6,000 a year. In addi­ ance program in the U.S. was the "surplus not become the target of conservative tion, the USDA report shows that the great commodity distribution program," not food rhetoricians that busing for school de­ bulk of those with incomes above $6,000 a stamps. In 1962 commodity distribution segregation was in 1972. It is my sincere year are households of five or more persons. served nearly 7.5 mlllion Americans. Since hope that the specter of hunger in The USDA report also shows that 92 per­ the 1960s, Congress has terminated the com­ America will not be ignored nor manip­ cent of all participants are in households modity program and switched millions of with incomes under $7,000 a year; 95 percent commodity recipients to food stamps. Those ulated by persons willing to misrepre­ in households with incomes under $8,000 a who claim the program has grown explo­ sent facts in order to achieve their politi­ year; 97 percent in households with incomes sively since the 1960s fall to explain that cal goals. under $9,000 a year; and, for statistical pur­ 7.5 million of the people counted as part of The following articles appeared in the poses, 100 percent are in households with this "growth" were simply transferred from CNI Weekly Report, a newsletter pub­ incomes under $10,000 a year. In addition, one federal food program to another. lished by the Community Nutrition In­ some 45 percent-or nearly half-live in An accurate picture of the growth of food households with incomes under $3,000 a year. programs in this country tells a different stitute of Washington, D.C. The Com­ What makes these figures especially strik­ munity Nutrition Institute has assumed story from what the critics are claiming. ing is the fact, documented by USDA's "par­ USDA records show that the commodity pro­ responsibility for presenting accurate ticipant profiles," that 49 percent of all food gram served 12.7 million Americans in 1939 facts about the food stamp program. stamp participants live in households of five during an earlier period of high unemploy­ CNI answers questions asked about food or more persons. Thus, even though large ment. In the early 1960s, the food stamp stamps such as, who is really getting households make up half the food stamp program was established on a. pilot basis food stamps; what factors lie behind caseload, there still are very few food stamp alongside the far larger commodity program, the growth of the food stamp program households with incomes over $6,000 a year, which then served over seven mUlion per­ and virtually none with incomes over $10,000 sons. By the end of 1962, the food stamp in recent years; and what percent of a year. the persons participating are ineligible. program operated in eight counties, and the This data. comes from USDA's National commodity program in 1,741 counties. About To answer these questions, CNI uses the Survey of Food Stamp Participants. Census 1,300 counties had no food relief program U.S. Department of Agriculture's own Bureau data show similar results. The Census whatsoever for their low-income populations. figures. Bureau's "Current Population Survey" found I commend CNI for its fine work in that 90 percent of food stamp participants EXPERIMENTAL STATUS clearing away a number of myths about are in households with gross incomes under In 1964 Congress passed the Food Stamp food stamps and accurately presenting $6,000 a year. Act, and the program le.ft its experimental the facts concerning a program vital to CENSUS STATISTICS status behind. Still, by 1965 the program one of our most important national Another way to look at this picture 1s to ran in only 110 counties. The commodity goals: The end of hunger in America. see what percentage of Americans in each program then operated in 1,864 counties. income bracket actually participate in the Over 1,100 counties still had no food pro­ The articles follow: food stamp program. Here again, the USDA gram. Between 1965 and 1971, nearly all of LIES AND DISTORTIONS MARK FOOD STAMP report demonstrates that food stamps are these 1,100 counties started a. food program. ATTACK overwhelmingly used by low-income fa.m111es. As a result, by December 1971 there were In recent weeks there has been a tremen­ The report shows that 72 percent of those 14.9 m1llion Americans participating in the dous amount of misinformation about the households with incomes below $2,000 a year food stamp program or the commodity pro­ food stamp program disseminated by Ford receive food stamps, -and 51 percent of those gram. Over 1,000 counties stlll had commod­ Administration spokesmen and supporters with incomes under $4,000 a year get stamps. ities rather than food stamps a.t this point. of the Buckley-Michel blll, a legislative pro­ However, only 7 percent of the households in Once the programs had extended to vir­ posal that would cut at least 10 million the $5,000 to $10,000 range get food stamps. tually all counties, program growth came Americans out of the food stamp program The percentage of families above $10,000 who largely to a halt. From December 1971 to and wt>uld ravage the working poor (see get food stamps is, for statistical purposes, August 1974, the size of the programs re­ CNI Vol. V:32). zero. mained close to 15 million. In August 1974, The current campaign against food stamps Finally, it is useful to examine the income some 14.9 million persons participated in the is based on several erroneous beliefs: of four-person fa.m111es that receive food programs, the same number as in December That families of four earning up to $16,000 stamps. The USDA report shows that 93.5 1971. This lack of growth is particularly a year are eligible for food stamps; percent of all four-person households get­ striking, because during this period food That the food stamp program is wildly out ting stamps have incomes under $6,000 a year. prices rose by enormous margins (22 percent of control. Some 97 percent have incomes under $7,200 in 1973 alone), making more Americans That the food stamp program is filled with a year. The income of the average four-per­ eligible for stamps and increasing the aver­ cheaters and chiselers. son family on food stamps is $3,456 a year. age food stamp benefit. The campaign against food stamps Moreover, while 58 percent of all four­ In addition, in many states (particularly reached a zenith several weeks ago when person households with incomes under $3,000 in the South) new federal income el1gib111ty Treasury Secretary William Simon charged a year participate in the food stamp pro­ limits for food stamps replaced old state that the food stamp program has grown gram, only 1.6 percent of all four-person income limits that had been substantially 47,000 percent since 1962, has gone out of households with incomes in the $6,000 to lower. In spite of these higher income limits, control, and provides a "well-known haven $10,000 range participate in the program. little growth occurred in the programs. for chiselers and rip-off artists." Simon also These statistics clearly show why the Then, a year ago, the recession hit with cited an advertisement showing that families USDA report concluded: "Participants tend full force. Unemployment rose from 5.4 per­ earning $16,000 a year qualified for food to be the poorest of the poor," and "highest cent last August to 9.2 percent this spring. stamps. rates of participation are shown by the ex­ During this period, the food programs grew Last Sunday on NBC's "Meet the Press", tremely needy." Of course, one reason why substantially-for the first time in nearly Simon broadened his attack by claiming that this is the case is the food stamp benefit three years-from 15 million to 19.5 million "food stamp eligibility rules are so loose and structure. The higher a. household's net in­ persons in April. As unemployment grew by so lax that virtually anyone can get food come, the more the household has to pay more than 70 percent, the food programs stamps." for its stamps and the smaller the benefit grew by about 30 percent. Then, as unem­ All Simon's allegations are serious decep­ it receives. Households of four that just ployment began to abate, food stamp rolls tions or outright falsehoods, however. The manage to qualify for food stamps have to began to decline. In July, only 19.1 mill1on national advertisement (which appeared in pay out $138 in cash each month to get persons received food stamps, the lowest Parade Magazine on May 18) forms the basis back $162 in stamps. As the USDA report number since February. for the claim that fa.m111es earning $16,000 notes, "At the top of eligibility, the pro- Thus, the growth in the food stamp pro- Septernber 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 299.25 gram since the early 1960s appears due al­ proper file. In every other respect, these yond the food and agriculture business. As most entirely to three factors: people were found to be fully eligible. a. result, nonparticipating households (the The entry of many counties into a food Several additional percentage points of balance of the economy) come close to bene­ program for the first time; this 17 percent figure are due to persons fitting about as much from the Program in­ The transfer of nearly 2,000 counties from termed "ineligible" because of a technical­ directly as program participants benefit di­ the commodity program to the food stamp ity such as no signature at the bottom of rectly." program; an application or a caseworker's worksheet. The ERS sto.1dy thus indicates that the The sharp rise in unemployment since As a result, the percentage found to be food stamp program plays a. major anti­ mid-1974. ineligible for substantive reasons is about recessionary role in stimulating the economy Additional USDA data provides further 5 to 8 percent, not 17 percent. And since this and preventing the unemployment rate from evidence that the food stamp program is not applies only to nonwelfare households (be­ rising to even higher levels. .. out of control". The USDA report to Con­ cause welfare households are automatically In other words, critics to thP contrary, gress observes that under the "most likely" eligible for food stamps), it means that only food stamps are good business as well as economic conditions, the number of persons 2.5 to 4 percent of the total food stamp case­ good government. eligible for food stamps in fiscal year 1980 load is involved. will be 20 percent lower than the number In addition, USDA says that about 7 per­ USDA REPORTS ON FOOD STAMP ERRORS of persons eligible today, because of expected cent of those who are denied food stamps 1mprovements in the economy. The USDA are improperly denied and thus actually eli­ USDA released its long-awaited report on report also projects that the food stamp gible. This figure is about the same as the food stamp "error rates" last week and an­ program wlll cost less in fiscal 1980 than percentage of non-welfare recipients who nounced that 91.2 percent of all non-welfare the $5.8 billion it is expected to cost in fiscal are getting stamps but are ineligible for households receiving food stamps satisfy the 1976. substantive reasons. program's basic eligibility requirements REASONABLE NUMBERS Charges are also being made that the food The Department said that 8.8 percent of stamp program is filled with middle-income the nonwelfare households failed to meet In a.ddltion, the number of persons nation­ students. However, virtually every politician eligibility criteria, while another 8.5 percent wide who currently receive food stamps is were technically ineligible because of a. pro­ not inordinately large, despite the critics' and magazine making this charge has failed to explain that Congress recently passed an cedural infraction such a.s the lack of a work charges. Today, 17.7 mtlllon Americans re­ registration card on file or lack of a. signa­ ceive food stamps (with a.n additional 1.4 amendment to deal with this issue. The amendment makes any student ineligible for ture on an application. These 8.5 percent did persons participating in the program in meet all basic eligibllity requirements, how­ Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands) . food stamps 1f the student is claimed as a tax dependent by a. household that is not ever, USDA reported. According to the Census Bureau, the number These figures apply only to non-welfare of U.S. residents who lived below the poverty itself eligible for stamps. The amendment takes full effect this month when colleges households, which constituted slightly less line in 1974 was 24.3 million, with this num­ than half of all households getting food ber likely to be higher today due to increases reopen for the new school year. In addition, USDA's National Survey of stamps in the last six months of 1974 when in unemployment since 1974. Food Staanp Participants shows that even the error rate study was performed. Since Moreover, the number of food stamp re­ before this new amendment passed, only a welfare households are automatically eligible cipients nationwide is significantly less than tiny percentage of the food stamp ca.seload for stamps, the USDA report shows that only the number of persons receiving welfare or consisted of students living away from their 4.3 percent of the entire food stamp case­ unemployment insurance. Some 10.8 million families. The survey found that in 99 per­ load (when both welfare and non-welfare Americans receive Aid to Families with De­ cent of the food stamp households, all mem­ households are counted) were found to fail pendent Children (AFDC), even though this bers of the household are related. The re­ the program's eligibility tests. Slightly over program is limited to fatherless families with maining one percent with unrelated mem­ 4 percent of all food stamp benefits were children. An additional 500,000 persons re­ bers includes low-income persons (such as erroneously issued to these households. ceive assistance through a companion pro­ the elderly) who are sharing living quarters, The USDA report also provides several gram run in 25 states for families with chil­ as well as students or members of communes. pieces of evidence that together provide fur­ dren in which the father is present but is Thus, only a fraction of one percent of the ther refutation of the claim by Treausry Sec­ incapacitated or unemployed. food stamp ca.seload consists of groups of retary William Simon that the food stamp Some 4.2 million aged, blind and disabled students or of communes. program is a "well-known haven for chiselers poor receive Supplemental Security Income Some students do receive food stamps as and rip-off artists" (see CNI Vol. V :36). (SSI), and the HEW Department estimates one-person households, but the number of First, the report shows that over 45 percent that more than seven million persons are such students is small. The USDA survey of all errors are committed by caseworkers, needy enough to qualify for this program. found that less than 0.1 percent of the food not recipients. Thus, of the 4.3 percent in­ Finally, some 7.8 million Americans are stamp caseload consists of persons under 22 eligible rate, only about 2 to 3 percent were now unemployed, according to the Depart­ who live in one-person households. The num­ ineligible due to recipient-caused error ment of Labor, and over 6 milUon are draw­ ber of persons aged 22 to 44 who receive rather than error by the food stamp office. ing unemployment insurance benefits. Many food stamps as one-person households is only In addition, the USDA report observes that of these unemployed workers have families 0.6 percent of the caseload, and many of "errors caused by recipients are usually un­ to support, so the number of persons affected these persons (especially in the 30 to 40 age intentional, arising from carelessness or lack by unemployment is probably well in excess bracket) are not students. of knowledge concerning the program." of 10 million. Thus, the percentage of students in the If only 2 to 3 percent of all households in The fact is that large numbers of Amer­ food stamp program (other than students the program are ineligible households that icans remain poor. Given the present state of who live with lihe!r famllies in cases where are getting food stamps due to errors they the economy, it is not unreasonable for 17.7 the entire family is genuinely poor) appears themselves have committed, and if most re­ million Americans (and 1.4 million persons to be only one percent or less of those re­ cipient-caused errors are inadvertent, then in American territories) to be using food ceiving stamps. apparently less than one percent of persons stamps. The large majority of food stamp A final point concerns the powerful effect receiving food stamps represent ineligible recipients are AFDC beneficiaries (who con­ that the food stamp program plays in stimu­ households that are getting benefits through stitute about 45 percent of the food stamp lating the national economy. When USDA's an intentional effort to cheat or deceive the caseloa.d), SSI recipients, or families whose Economic Research Service (ERS) conducted food stamp program. main wage-earner is unemployed. a. study of the effect of food stamps on the Further evidence of the unintentional na­ Secretary Simon's final claim was that the economy of Texas in 1972, it found that the ture of most errors is provided by a finding food stamp program is a well-known haven $63.9 m1llion in food stamp benefits distrib­ that nearly half of all errors do not even for chlSelers and rip-off artists. This state­ uted in the state that year had generated occur when a household is certified for ment is a falsehood. USDA reported to the $232 million in new business and 5,031 new stamps but happen at a later date when a. Senate Agriculture COmmittee in May that jobs for the Texas economy. Applying the household neglects to report a change in the percentage of households fraudulently same "multiplier effect" to the U.S. as a income, expenses or other household circum­ receiving food stamps is only 0.08 percent. whole, one can estimate that the food stamp stances, or when a caseworker fails to re­ ''ERROR RATE'' ANALYZED program is responsible for generating $19.6 determine eligibility in accordance with billion in new business and 425,000 jobs changes that a recipient does report. There is an "error rate" that is much each year. Moreover, the USDA report shows that er­ higher, but much of the error rate is due to The Texaf? study also showed that the new rors often do not operate in the recipient's procedural errors by food stamp caseworkers. business generated by food stamps in that favor. In 7.3 percent of all cases where a. For example, USDA is planning to release state created $4 million in new federal tax household was declared inellgible for stamps shortly the latest "error rate" tabulations, revenues and $12.5 milllon in new state tax or had its food stamp benefits cut off. this which will show that about 17 percent of the revenues. This $16.5 million in new tax rev­ negative action was found to be improper. non-welfare participants in the program are enue represented six times the amount of The report shows that 9,000 non-welfare ineligible. However, about half of those who money spent to administer the program in households have their benefits incorrectly are supposedly "ineligible" received this Texas in 1972. The ERS report concluded: denied or terminated each month. designation only because a. work registration "Increased business induced by the Pood In releasing the "error rate" report, USDA card for them could not be found in the Stamp Program is spread far and wide be- administrators fairly presented the facts 29926 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975 about error rates and avoided any attempt large black type, though it did in fairness rafting experience. The two river buddies de­ to sensationalize the findings. add in smaller type: "But Handgun Ban Op­ cided to form their own little outfit and witb posed." Frontier Airlines' permission, called it Fron­ "67% Favor Registration of All Guns," the tier Expeditions. They began running the 70- anti-gun Washington Post headlined happi­ mile stretch of the Salmon River known as ly. the River of No Return in May of 1974. That ABOUT POLLS ON GUN CONTROL Other newspapers which subscribe to the first summer over 200 adventurers joined Gallup Poll include The Philadelphia (Pa.) with Frontier in what many call the thrill of Inquirer, Newark (N.J.) Star-Ledger, Boston a. lifetime. HON. F. EDWARD HEBERT Globe, Chicago Sun-Times and Detroit Free­ Frontier Expeditions runs a five-day river OF LOUISIANA Press. All of those named happen to ad­ trip from June through August beginning vocate restrictive gun controls. Nearly all of near Corn Creek, Idaho and taking out at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their headlines followed the pattern set by Riggins, Idaho after lunch on the fifth day. Tuesday, September 23, 1975 the poll's own news release. It read, unre­ It is a safe and comfortable, and thoroughly strainedly, "Public overwhelmingly favors exciting, river experience. Mr. HEBERT. Mr. Speaker, I am not registration of all firearms." The other Frontier boatmen are cut from one who puts a whole lot of stock in Far from hinting that the public support the same timber as their employers. Phil polls, but many of the more liberal news was at least a trifle less "overwhelming" Huebner, formerly an Otter pilot with Woody, media do, particularly when it suits their than in the past, the news release began with and now a 737 pilot for Frontier, spends his own philosophy. an assertion that it was in line with previous vacations piloting a raft for Frontier Expe­ polls on the subject although actually 11% ditions. Phil became an easily recognizable That is why it is interesting to note below the highest. figure on the river with his full beard and the way a particular poll on gun control Why did so many of the nation's so-called cowboy hat. Since starting to fly the 737 was handled by the New York Times, great newspapers squirm to a worm-low level Phil's beard is gone, but his deep love of the Washington Post, and others. in their handling or mangling of this news? river rafting remains. He is the expert soap­ The editorial from the American Rifle­ Part of the answer may lie in a blind faith maker of the crew and tells a great story man which I insert at this point in the in good old George, for the news release bore about the time he helped recover a sunken RECORD shows what I mean: the George Gallup byline and George has ship off the coast of Mexico. done no notable wrong since Thomas Dewey The boatmen are all rugged individuals BIG NEWS THAT ALL NEWS MEDIA MISSED OR ran for President. hand-picked by Woody and Jack. Tom Har­ So MUCH (AND No MORE) FOR POLLS Further, under the subscription agreement rison came to Frontier by way of the Uni­ When the American public supposedly or contract, subscribing newsp8ipers cannot versity of Utah with a biology degree. He's changes its mind on a major national issue, "substantially change" the text of the Gallup an easy gain' part-time mountain climber, it would seem to be top-ranking news. release though they may alter the headline. part-time skier, part-time construction When that change signals a defeat of an This presumably presents no problem on worker and full-time lover of whitewater enormous news media campaign, it would slanted firearms surveys, for most of the river drafting. He's acquired over 4,000 miles seem th81t the defeated media might have newspapers involved are anti-gun anyhow. on wild rivers and is an expert chef using the honesty to mention it. The big loser under this remarkable ar­ old black magic and dutch ovens. But it remains for The American Rifleman rangement is the American public. The news Jack's normal life centers around a career to report here, apparently as an "exclusive," media involved have already lost so much teaching physical education at West Texas not one but two newsworthy developments credibility that losing a little more can hardly State University. His immense number of which the daily newspapers subscribing to hurt them. hours on the river earns him the right to the Gallup Poll and innumerable other news pilot the first boat down the river-he calls media that parrot it seem to have totally his raft "Portia II" after his wife Portia. overlooked. If one chooses to believe the RIVER OF NO RETURN He's an expert trampolinist and has been unpublicized Gallup Poll findings, then: known to do a perfect back flip off a moving 1. The percentage of AmericS~ns favoring river raft. some form of gun controls sank to its low­ HON. GEORGE HANSEN The River of No Return presents river est level last spring since the Gallup Poll rafters with majestic scenery, total isolation in 1959. OF IDAHO and the challenge of running a truly beauti­ 2. Even more startling and newsworthy, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ful river. Thirty sets of rushing rapids will where a majority of Americans supposedly Tuesday, September 23, 1975 greet the boats as they carve their way favored outlawing private handguns in 1959, downriver. a clear and strong majority in 1975 opposed Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, Idaho is a An indication of what lies ahead is given banning handguns. big State with a lot to share with her by both Woody and Jack on the bank of the Again, if one accepts public opinion sur­ visitors. One of these attractions, how­ river the first day out. Members of the veys, anybody researching the published files ever, is reserved for the most bold of out­ group are lectured on ecology, safety, health on the subject could have learned what an doorsmen-white-water rafting on the and are reminded that the words "please and American Rifleman researcher ascertained. thank you" are the most important used on The supposed sentiment for gun controls untamed River of No Return. the trip. Each member and boatmen don as reflected by the Gallup Poll peaked at Shooting the rapids and rocks of this life-jackets prior to embarking on their ad­ 78 % around January, 1964, after President river is one of the most complete adven­ venture-at no time will any rafter ever be Kennedy's assassination. In seven of eight tures a person can have. I would like to on the water without a jacket. other polls taken from 1959 through 1974, it submit for the RECORD an article from They are also issued a red plastic cup used ran anywhere from 71 % to 75 %. And now, Frontier magazine that covers all the for soup, water, wine and Tom's fantastic 67 %. highlights of a trip on the stretch of the desserts. Anyone losing the red cup is issued On the specific issue of banning handguns, a green replacement and if that one is lost, the change in sentiment as recorded by Salmon River known as the River of No that's all! After sampling one fantastic meal, Gallup Polls appeared even more dramatic. Return: no one ever loses his cup. When this question was first raised in 1959, RIVER OF No RETURN All of Frontier's trips have been without Gallup reported that 59 % agreed that all (By Bob Halverson) accident; the boatmen ensure safety through private handguns should be outlawed, 35% Most days you'll find Captain Woodrow careful concern over their little groups. Ages said "No," and 6 % held no opinion. On the Hassinger piloting Twin Otters for Frontier of rafters have varied from a nine-year-old 1975 poll on the same question, only 41% Airlines out of Great Falls, Montana. But boy to Woody's 74-year-old father. favored the handgun ban and only 4 % had when he's not flying, he's likely piloting They come from all over America to ride no opinion. A thumping 55 % registered white-water river rafts down the River of No with Woody and Jack, and all walks of life "No." Return. have been represented on Frontier trips. To­ Yet this significant information-that 55% Woody Hassinger is a genuine airplane tal strangers before departing, they fast be­ of those polled objected to handgun prohibi­ fiyin', mountain climbin', river raftin' throw­ come a tight little unit with an absorbing tion-was buried in the fourth paragraph of back to days gone by in the Rocky Mountain feeling of comradeship surfacing early in the an obviously slanted Gallup news release. wilderness. Following a stint in Vietnam, 550 trip. Left behind are newspapers, television, Furthermore, nowhere did published versions parachute jumps around the world and pro­ cars, watches, pollution and the normal cares of that release emphasize the strong support, posing to his Wife, Linda, on the slopes at of the outside world. It takes only moments 55 to 41%, that handgun ownership devel­ Park City, Utah, Woody settled back in the on the river to realize that you've entered a oped after more than a decade of virulent cockpit of the Twin Otter aircraft for Fron­ truly primitive world. anti-gun propaganda. tier. But he spent his spare time running First day out, the boats glide peacefully "Firearms Control Has Wide Backing," the wild rivers in green river rafts. Woody be­ though rather placid pools of crystal-clear anti-gun New York Times headlined June 5, came fast friends With another unique river water. As if by design, the first contact with 1975, and under that: "Gallup Surveys Find character-a tall Texas trampoline expert­ the water is smooth as the river welcomes 67 % Favor Gun Registration." turned river runner named Jack Tillinghast. strangers before throwing them into the "Poll Finds 67% Favor Gun Control," The Jack had been running wild rivers for 15 waiting rapids. Evening brings the rafters Los Angeles Times blazoned the same day in years and had acquired over 8,000 miles of face-to-face with their first real meal con- September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29927 cocted by the boatman-and what a treat it debated for nearly 30 years. Recently, for extra insurance. Mrs. Halata is occupying is. Hungry trippers dig into friend chicken, this debate has accelerated. a semiprivate room that costs $110 a day for corn on the cob and a wild concoction they Considering the magnitude and com­ her and her baby. All medical costs are extra, call cowboy soup which defies description. which means a big burden on the insurance The Frontier crew has earned a reputation plexity of a nationalized health care in­ funds. for providing the best food on the river, and dustry, I am particularly pleased that "I had my first baby in a ward," Mrs. the boatmen make every effort to ensure that the Health Subcommittee of the House Halata said, "but it is really hard to take. reputation. Committee on Ways and Means took The toilets are always clogged and there is After a cheery sing-a-long around the pro­ time to permit physicians from the Brit­ no privacy. Besides, nowadays, it is mostly verbial campfire, bedrolls are laid out for ish, Swedish, and Canadian national Turks and Greeks down there, and some of the first night's sleep on the bank of the health services to testify on the Euro­ them move their whole families in." (For­ river. Campfire stories unfold under star­ eign workers are also covered.) filled skies as the boatmen regale the group pean health systems that many would With river lore. They pass on age-old stories have our country adopt. ROOM RATE UP SHARPLY about the Indians naming the River of No One nation that was not represented Medical costs are rising all over Europe, Return because they felt there was no way at those hearings was West Germany, but nowhere as fast as in West Germany. back up river once they canoed down. An­ which possesses a massive but faltering Some of the reasons are these: other version is that they so named it be­ health insurance system. A recent article The average hospital stay is 17.1 days, cause once downriver, the countryside was so in the New York Times discusses that twice that in the United States. The Health beautiful no one would ever want to return. system, where there are simply not Ministry estimates that taking just one day They also tell the one about Lewis and Clark off the average would save $400-million a spending only a half-day on the river before enough funds available to pay for the year. declaring it was totally unnavigable. "free" benefits promised by the govern­ Hospital cost have risen from less than $1- After the bedrolls air out, the weary trav­ ment. billion a year in 1960 to more than $6.3-bil­ ellers climb in for the night. No air matresses The example of the European social­ lion last year. Nurses, assistants, and cus­ or tents are provided, and each tripper is al­ ized health systems is an example this todial staff work shorter hours and are better lowed only 20 pounds of gear. They pack lean Nation should not follow. I commend the paid. and carry only necessities in the waterproof New York Times discussion on the prob­ Statutory health insurance is fragmented bags. into 1,600 nonprofit funds, scattered around Sleep comes easy under the star-filled skies. lems of the West German system to the almost every major city occupation and large The total silence of the river is deafening­ attention of my colleagues: company. This means costly inefficiency in the quiet blocks out all thoughts except [From the New York Times, July 20, 1975] management and puts the insurance groups dreams of rugged Salmon Falls waiting just RAISING COSTS STRAIN WEST GERMANY HEALTH at a disadvantage in negotiating with the around the next bend of the river. INSURANCE hospitals and private doctors associations. Following a great bacon and cheese omlet, (By Craig R. Whitney) The Bonn clinic, for example, recently got the rafters prepare for their first encounter the state government to decree a rise in its With real whitewater as they plunge into BoNN, July 19.-Udo Halata drove hiS basic daily room rate-four beds to a room­ Salmon Falls. Salmon presents a real chal­ pregnant wife, Erika, to the Bonn University from $45 to $75. Heinz Stollenwerk, an offi­ lenge to the boatmen's skills, for it drops 10 Hospital the morning of July 8 for her last cial of one of the Bonn health funds, said: vertical feet, crashing and thundering over prenatal checkup. "We have taken it to court and are trying boulders and river rocks, creating hazardous Since the baby was a week overdue, Dr. to get the rate revised. The problem is that holes and currents. The boatmen search out Karlfried Schander kept her in the women's the clinics need money badly, and neither the safest route through the falls, and all clinic and induced labor on July 10. She and they nor we can really determine what a fair the rafters breathe a bit easier after con­ her son, Achim, remained eight days. room rate should be." The Hala tas did not worry about money. ~uering the first of many rapids to come. Af­ FAR FROM EGALITARIAN ter Salmon they come fast and furious: They, like nearly everyone else in West Ger­ Bargeman Rapids, Split Rock, Big Mallard. many, will not have a single unavoidable A university hospital like the one in medical bill that is not covered by their Bonn, covering most of a wooded hilltop One of the highlights of the trip is the medical insurance. hot bath. That's right, a hot bath! It seems with specialized clincis, laboratories, and long ago some big, old cowboy carried this And that iS beginning to eause a monu­ research institutes, is also a teaching institu­ bathtub halfway up the side of a mountain mental headache here. Health care is a tion. But the state governments, running near Barth Hot Springs and set it under patchwork of private practice and public hos­ billions of dollars in the red 1n this reces­ where the hot springs pour out of the moun­ pitals and insurance funds that looks as if sion year, have ordered drastic cuts at all tain. It's an absolute treat to climb up and it had been designed to please both the the universities. American Medical Association and Ralph The health funds believe that the hos­ jump into this refreshing hot bath while Nader. looking down on one of the most beautiful pitals are finding an easy way out. "They rivers in the world. In the years of prosperity West German are trying to get the money any way they The group gains confidence and courage governments steadily broadened the scope ot can, and we are at a big disadvantage," Mr. as they blast through more rugged rapids health insurance. Now the recession has Stollenwerk said. nver the third and fourth days. They eagerly ground on for a year and there is not enough Personnel costs are 70 per cent of a West look forward to more whitewater while the money to finance the program. Officials are German hospital's expenses. During the majestic countryside brings ooohs and aaahs desperately asking what can be done to cut birth of a baby named Alexandra last week, costs, but so far no one has suggested cut­ at every bend in the mighty river. Moun­ ting benefits. a midwife-midwives are still common here, tain goats graze peacefully on the mountain- though they have almost disappeared in 1'1ide unaware of rafts gliding by below. Eagles BEGAN UNDER BISMARCK America--did most of the work and direct­ 1'!oar overhead hardly wondering who these Comprehensive medical insurance began ing. intruders from another world really are. for factory workers in Germany under Bis­ She cajoled, urged, consulted and man­ Near the end of the trip, a true feeling of marck, who introduced the first health-care handled during three hours of labor: "Now accomplishment fills the group. They begin plan in 1883 to ward off his enemies, the no tears! Breathe as we taught you--out to regret that it's almost over. They will go Social Democrats. Ninety-two years later with the baby. Out with it." She was im­ back to families, jobs, cities, and the normal they are in power. pressing three students, as delivery-room work-a-day world with its many hassles and Recently there was a joke that by 1985 nurse, two interns and the baby's father problems. They all will have returned from the average worker would be so healthy that with her knowledge and skill. Dr. Schander the River of No Return-but they will return he would starve to death because it would arrived only for the crucial final half-hour. a different person. Somehow, this great river take all his pay just to keep up on medical­ After four hours one of the interns lady touches the soul of every one who treats insurance premiums. leaned against a wall and sighed: "Now you her with respect and dignity. She gives each Jokes aside, there is serious apprehension can see how we earn our pay. I cannot rafter an indelible mark which they carry out that the postwar experiment in enlightened tell you what nonsense has been written to civilization. social reform may be dangerously close to about German medicine lately." financial failure. Health insurance alone Under German law everyone who belongs WEST GERMANY HEALTH cost as much as 12 per cent of pay, though to a health fund-unless one earns more this is split between worker and employer. than $1,000 a month or is self-employed he INSURANCE Only seven years ago the maximum was 8 must--is entitled to the same care. per cent. The system is far from egalitarian, how­ HON. PHILIP M. CRANE The highest anyone has to pay to the ever. Only patients who have the money or statutory health insurance plan is a bit more private supplementary insurance can have OF ILLINOIS than $100 a month; most of the 92 per cent private rooms or, say, extra attention from IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the West German population who are the chief obstetrician. The "third class" fare Tuesday, September 23, 1975 covered pay less. entitles a patient only to go to the hos­ The Halatas pay $40 a month; because the pital and be treated, not to choose who Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, the concept head of the family is a fir~man, the Bad gives the treatment or how often. of national health insurance has been Godesberg City Employes Association pays In many hospitals it takes a tip to the 29928 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975 nurse to get fussed over, which seems per­ though the omcials it charged with in­ ing Israel, is the classic prototype. Bodies fectly reasonable to the patients. vestigating Israel's conduct reported that dedicated, presumably, to humanitarian Many German doctors take only private the allegations were groundless. causes---as in the case of WHO, and to cul­ patients, and most who do take standard tural causes as in the case of UNESCo-are Encouraged by this earlier success, the becoming patently politicized. patients let them walt and give appoint­ Arabs used the World Health Organiza­ ments only to the wealthier ones. The aver­ It is a shabby irony, indeed, that Israel age income of West Germany's 79,000 doc­ tion meeting in Geneva last May as a in its struggle for peaceful existence has tors is reported to be more than $66,000 a stage for the passage of a one-sided reso­ been condemned by those very nations also struggling for freedom, to whom she has year. lution calling on Israel to immediately For all that, even the ordinary health- allow the Palestinians to return "to their extended generous assistance in every area system patient--and all the mllllon Ger­ homes." Forty-five Members of Congress contributing to their growth potential. mans who are out of work and their fam­ Among these lavish proffers of aid is health cabled the WHO meeting and warned assistance, in which the Hadassah Medical ilies-are assured of comprehensive coverage that any further action along these lines without regard to the cost of an operation Organization in Israel has played a dominant or the length of a hospital stay. Little would lead to a dimunition of U.S. sup­ role. Achim Halata will be covered until the day port for United Nations activities. It behooves us, when small nations think­ he dies, and as a pensioner, under current For years, Israel has been an active ing mainly in terms of political expediency law, he will not even have to pay premiums. and generous member of both these U.N. exchange friends for foes-responding to the "There are limits to what you can ask agencies. The vicious attacks against Is­ blanishments or the threats of power-drunk people to pay in taxes and social-security rael's participation in UNESCO and nations. Let us set the record straight. Let contributions," said Dr. Ernst Wanner, a it be known that the very nations that have WHO reflect the trend begun by the turned against a people who have given out Labor Ministry official. "Right now all pay­ Arab-third world bloc during last year's roll deductions come to about a third of the of moral decency, had been at an earlier paycheck. When it reaches half then some­ General Assembly to impose their po­ date recipients of that people's kindness and largesse. thing will have to be done." litical orientation on the rest of the world He added that the health funds had had by virtue of their numerical superiority Before I turn to this citation of facts, let difficulty putting a brake on costs because in complete disregard of the integrity me make one statement relative to the un­ "doctors are much better organized here of the minority. warranted WHO resolution: It is a fact that the health and living con­ than the health funds are." Instead of becoming a forum for the ditions of the refugees and population of FRENCH COSTS UP 10 PERCENT resolution of differences-which can the administered territories has not deterio­ The West Geman system, still governed by only come about through consultation, rated. On the contrary it has noticeably im­ a 1911 law called the Imperial Insurance and not domination-the U.N. General proved, thanks to the continuous efforts of Code, is parallel in many respects to the one Assembly has degenerated into a vehicle the Israeli health authorities. Standards of in France, where medical costs rose by more for the passage of unfair and arbitrary living and health indices in the West Bank. than 10 percent last year. resolutions which violate the spirit and Gaza and Sinal are far higher than those In Britain, where a private bed in a Lon­ of any Arab country. Infant mortality was don teaching hospital costs $80 a day, the letter of its charter. 30.7 per 1,000 as against 100 per 1,000 in some expense of the cradle-to-grave National With the recent conclusion of the in­ neighboring countries. The expectation of life Health Service is expected to rise from $7.35- terim Sinai disengagement an agreement had risen faster and to higher levels than blllion in 1973-74 to $10.32-billlon this year. between Israel and Egypt, the momen­ those of any other territory in the Middle The British system is financed mainly by tum leading toward Israel's expulsion East (69 for men-72 for women). general tax funds: a worker who makes $150 from the U.N. has been halted-but not While WHO, the condemning body, gave a week pays only 60 cents in fees directly to forgotten. assistance to the United Nations Relief and the system. In a recent speech in San Francisco, Works Agency (UNRWA) in the amount of Of the major industrial countries only the Faye L. Schenck, chairman of the Ha­ $194,000, Israel in the same year spent $16.8 United States still has no national system million on the health services of the West. of comprehensive health care. Leonard dassah Medical Organization, delivered Bank, Gaza and Sinal. Woodcock, head of the United Auto Workers, an address on Israel and the World As to involving the PLO in medical serv­ estimates that the average U.A.W. member Health Organization to Hadassah's na­ ices-this is, indeed, the coup d/grace of the has to work a month a year to pay for health tional convention in San Francisco. Her whole dis:rna.l affair. PLO is an organization insurance, which covers 69 percent of the address documents Israel's unceasing dedicated to terrorism-killing both Jews. family's medical expenses. Many Americans commitment to the very third world na­ and Arabs-which has no legal status in the have no health insurance. tions which are now seeking to exclude administered territory a.nd could not provide As the Germans are discovering, when a her from WHO. health services of any kind at any level. system is good, it is expensive. The health I commend Faye Schenck's speech to But now to return to the main burden of funds took in and paid out $21-billlon last my presentation to you tonight: year, $3-billion more than in 1973. In a coun­ my colleagues for the perspective on this Between 1960-1975, 200 people from devel­ try of 61 million people who go to the doc­ crucial issue it provides: oping countries oame to the Hadassah-He­ tor an average of seven times a year, health MEDICAL SciENCE FOR WORLD SURVIVAL brew University Medical Center for tTaining. insurance may be hard to control, but the (Edited address by Faye L. Schenk, chairman, During this same period 43 physicians from feeling is strong here that it must be con­ Hadassah Medical Organization) Hadassah travelled numerous times to these trolled. In May of this year, the 28th World Health same countries to make surveys, to consult~ Assembly met in Geneva and passed a resolu­ to operate, to advise, to follow up, and es­ tion by a vote of 63 to 5, With 25 abstentions, pecially to help establish medical facUities. ISRAEL AND WHO which in effect says "we record the deep Between 1961-1965, 69 medical students alarm felt by the deterioration of the healtn studied at the Hebrew Univers1ty-Hadassa.h and living conditions of the Palestine refu­ Medical School. Among those countries from HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN gees, the displaced persons and the popula­ which they came are Ethiopia, Nigeria. OF CALIFORNIA tion of the occupied territories . ... We call Uganda, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi-17 devel­ oping countries in all. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES upon Israel to implement the relevant UN and World Health Assembly resolutions ... In 1963 the late Mrs. Margalith Kochen. Tuesday, September 23, 1975 calling for the immediate return of the principal of the Henrietta Szold-Hadassah Palestinian refugees and displaced persons School of Nursing, made a survey tour of vari­ Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, the weeks to their homes ...." ous African countries to study their nursing preceding the opening of the current Further, the resolution requests the Di­ needs. As a result, 33 students from Malawi~ General Assembly of the United Nations rector-General of the WHO to cooperate with Nigeria, Liberia, Tanganyika, Swaziland. were filled with reports that the Arab the PLO concerning assistance to be ren­ Zambia have attended our School of Nursing. bloc and third world nations would seek dered to the Palestinian population. Master of Public Health courses have been Israel's expulsion from that world body. My purpose tonight in citing the forego­ given to 51 students in four 2-year courses The careful orchestration of events lead­ ing, which I am proud to say our own gov­ in our Department of Public Health. Physi­ ing to such a drastic a.nd unconscionable ernment opposed, is not to enter into a de­ cians, nurses, public health officers, dentists. tailed deline·ation of the entire WHO story, sociologists, social workers, psychologists. action had proceeded smoothly over the which has many peripheral ramifications, but etc. came from Africa as well as South Viet­ past several months. In December 1974, rather to point up a vicious trend which is nam, Thailand, Phillipines, India, and South Israel was censured and shunned from taking shape iJn international bodies. The and Central American countries. UNESCO for the alleged desecration of ugly UNESCO episode, in which Israel was Professor Sidney KMk, Chief of Hadassah's religious sites by architectural excava­ condemned for insensitivity toward archeo­ Department of Public Health, served in 1964: tion. The UNESCO action was taken even l..,gical sites despite an official report clear- as Visiting Professor at the University of Septembe1· 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29929

East Africa and Makere Uganda. Reconcile in 1971, one of our senior physicians was lution has centered on the cost of meet­ this, if you can, with General Amin's be­ sent to Nairobi and Kenya to do research ing such standards, the cost of permit­ havior to Israel and his remarks about the on Burkitt Lymphoma. Professor Izak spent ting pollution has largely been ignored. Jewish people. several months during this year in Mexico Hadassa.h and the Hebrew University medi­ for the purpose of establishing cooperation Pollution costs money, and a great deal cal schools have given a variety of diploma betwaen the Medical Academy of Mexico and according to reliable studies on the ques­ and post-graduate courses in ophthalmology, HMO's Department of Hematology. His plan tion. The Environmental Protection orthopedics, operating room techniques, post­ is to send four of his physicians to Mexico Agency issued a report in 1974 entitled graduate courses for nurses, all part of the and train two Mexican physicians in his "Economic Damages of Air Pollution" comprehensive training program to raise the own Department next year. which estimated the costs of air pollu­ level of qualified teachers and practitioners. The list of credits is long and impressive, tion in 1970 at $12 billion. It should be At a time when hour-long television pro­ and I have only summarized our work. But emphasized that this estimate represents grams by distinguished journalists such as it should be known that Hadassah helped Bill Moyers bemoan the paucity of medical willingly and productively to improve the the costs of air pollution ''for measured assistance in the battle against River Blind­ human cond.ition of people who then, it was effects only," and does not include the ness in Africa, let me tell you about Hadas­ hoped, would be able to help themselves, cost of polluttion for such industries as sah's record of service, which is perhaps the which according to the Maimonides Code, is tourism and others dependent upon clean most significant contribution to international the highest form of giving. Be it our psychia­ air for their continuation. The EPA re­ cooperation given by Hadassah: trist who went to Liberia, our public health port stated that the cost information "on During the years 1969-1971, Professor Isaac dentist who went to Nigeria, our blood bank air pollution damages provides policy­ Michaelson, recently retired Chief of Hadas­ specialist who opened blood bank services in sah's Department of Ophthalmology and a Ethiopia, our Chief of Neurosurgery who makers with some understanding of the world leader in the fight against blindness, taught neurosurgery to local surgeons in seriousness of the air pollution problem, made 11 survey tours to various African Ethiopia or our chief plastic surgeon who and with some knowledge of the poten­ countries. In some countries help was given went to Nicosia, not only to operate on pa­ tial benefits of abating air pollution emis­ on the spot. In others, the help was more tients in the Burns Unit but to advise on sions." The National Academy of general involving an integration of service, leprosy and general plastic surgery, or our Sciences-NAS-recently estimated the teaching and research. Specialized help was Chief of Anesthesiology to Liberia, Malawi cost benefit of eliminating auto emissions also given to Cyprus with regard to the pre­ and Singapore-to advise and teach modern at between $2.5 and $10 billion per year. vention of blindness due to hereditary causes. methods in anesthesiology. There was a mutual exchange of physicians This tiny Israel, a fount of learning-a This represents costs to the public in between Hadassah's Eye Department and supply source of good and honorable men regard to medical bills, lost work hours, different African countries arranged through and women whose knowledge and skills be­ and damage to materials and plant life. the Department of International Cooperation long to mankind-asks not for thanks but This salient fact must be considered of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. These only for friendship--for the right to llve and when opponents of the statutory require­ countries were Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria and work and teach and heal and share in peace. ments for automobile emission control Cyprus. Eye Departments were opened in Will the fact that world politics--greased allege that such requirements would re­ five African countries by our own physicians. with oil-has turned them away dismay our sult in an unbearable cost to the con­ Professor Zauberman, present Chief of people here or in Israel? The answer is a de­ Hadassah's Department of Ophthalmology, fiant no. The world was made for all man­ sumer. spent two years in Liberia in the Government kind to enjoy and concomitantly to help. The availability of technology: The Hospital in Monrovia. From 1963-1970 over automobile industry has long resisted 20 Hadassah doctors served for from one to the utilization of demonstrated and cost­ two years in eye departments of these recip­ effective technology for minimizing auto­ ient countries. Physicians from these coun­ CONGRESS CONSIDERING WHETH­ mobile pollution. Yet General Motors, in tries trained in our eye department along ER TO WEAKEN STANDARDS SET advertisements published in leading with nurses and paramedics. magazines, boasted of world leadership in Only last year Professor Zauberman was IN THE CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1970 invited by the Ministry of Health of Swazi­ fuel economy gains in their cars with land and Lesotho to visit their country with catalysts. It is also noteworthy that a a view to opening eye departments as well as HON. ANDREW MAGUIRE study performed by the Jet Propulsion training local physicians in the field of OF NEW JERSEY Laboratory at California Institute of ophthalmology. If Israeli doctors and nurses IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Technology for the Ford Motor Co., are no longer in Africa it is because they were Tuesday, September 23, 1975 concluded that the technology is or will asked to leave for political reasons. It is a be available on a mass-production basis pity, because we were getting excellent re­ Mr. MAGUffiE. Mr. Speaker, Congress to attain goals for emission reduction sults from these programs which took years will soon be considering the question of and energy conservation for the auto­ to establish. whether to weaken standards set in the Perhaps the recent vote in Uganda where mobile over the next 10 years. Such the Organization of African State moderated Clean Air Act of 1970 to control pollu­ goals can be attained with improvement its statement on Israel's membership in the tion created by automobile emissions. in the conventional engine and to the General Assembly is in tacit recognition o! The principle question which will arise vehicle. The June 5, 1975 "Report of the the humanitarian contribution that Israel is whether the technology is available to National Academy of Sciences, Confer­ has made to the African people. I would like meet these standards at reasonable cost. ence on Air Quality and Automobile to think so. Recent studies on this question indicate Emission" concluded that 1978 emission The Director-General of the HMO, Dr. Kal­ that the statutory standards can and standards for hydrocarbon-He-and man J. Mann, made two survey tours to should be met. Unfortunately, the auto­ Africa to study the needs of African coun­ carbon monoxide--CO-"is both feasible tries in medicine and what assistance could mobile industry has launched a national and worthwhile." The NAS Report fur­ be given by Hadassa.h to serve these needs. campaign attempting to convince the ther concluded that nitrogen dioxide-­ His first trip was in 1963 to Nyasaland, Bosu­ Nation that meeting the statutory stand­ NOx--emission control is probably feas­ toland, Swaziland, Botsuanaland and N. ards would add "only marginal im­ ible with catalyst technology to achieve Rhodesia. The second was in 1971 to Zaire provement to air quality," is technolog­ the 1978 emission standards. It is inter­ and the Ivory Coast. ically unfeasible, would result in a sig­ esting to note that the NAS Report stated Professor Zauberman also toured countries nificant fuel penalty, and would sub­ in regard to the NOx emission standard: of the Carribbean and South America (Haiti, sta.nthilly increase the cost of an auto­ Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Peru, Argen­ "There would be less uncertainty today tina, Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia) with a view mobile. On September 3, 1975 the four if there had not been a slackening of to setting up a cooperative exchange. major automobile makers sponsored an effort in pursuing this goal." Our Department of Dermatology received advertisement in most daily newspapers The Costs of Automobile Pollution two post-doctoral fellows from Thailand in entitled, "You'll be paying the bill, so let Control: The automobile manufacturers 1962. Congress know your choice," which con­ allege that meeting the 1978 statutory Our Department of Hematology formed ties tained a number of distortions, false in­ automobile emission standards would with Burma when Professor G. Izak, Head of formation and misleading statements. In likely result in a fuel penalty of between Hematology, went to Burma in 1961 where the interest of providing Congress with he remained for four months. While there 5 and 30 percent. It should be noted that he established a laboratory for the study of more objective information, I feel com­ by their own admission, this conclusion Nutritional Anemia and selected three peo­ pelled to offer some facts about the mat­ was based on "publicly stated company ple for study in his laboratory at Hada.ssah. ter. estimates." More objective estimates lead In 1965 a doctor from India came to Dr. The costs of pollution: While most of to a different conclusion on the matter. Izak for a seven-month training period, and the debate over standards to control pol- A 1975 EPA evaluation stated that. 29930 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 23, 1975 "There is no inherent relationship be­ Supporting data, analyses, and argu­ in the exhaust, is emitted as sulfuric acid. tween exhaust emission standards and ment action for the above are contained Whether or not these extremely low levels of sulfuric acid emissions will ever turn out to fuel economy. In fact, according to the in two important documents which I ask be a real health hazard is yet to be deter­ June 5, 1975 NAS Report, attainment of be included at this point in the RECORD. mined; however, because of concern about statutory emission standards may result A fact sheet "Future Emission Stand­ this possibility the Administrator of the EPA in better fuel economy. The report states, ards" prepared by the U.S. Environmen­ early this year sugge3ted a five-year program The improved technology required to meet tal Protection Agency in September 1975, of less stringent emission control than is emissions standards may assist in improving and a "Report of the Conference on Air currently called for by the law. Such a delay fuel economy. Current catalyst technology Quality and Automobile Emissions" pre­ would avoid increasing emissions of sul­ provides such an example: a technology that pared for the National Research Coun­ furic acid while further studies are made of was introduced to meet an emissions require­ cil, the National Academy of Sciences and the significance of these emissions, and while ment also allowed the improvement of fuel control technology for such emissions is being economy. the National Academy of Engineering, developed. This suggestion was made in spite dated June 5, 1975: of the fact that the Administrator of the The automobile manufacturers allege FACT-SHEET-FUTURE EMISSION STANDARDS EPA had determined that technology for that another probable cost of the emis­ On September 3, 1975, most daily news­ meeting the statutory HC and CO standards sion standards would be "an increase by papers in the U.S. carried a full-page ad­ is available; if it had not been for the need an estimated $150 to $400" for pollution vertisement entitled "You'll be paying the for caution about the possibility of adverse control equipment. These figures once bill, so let Congress know your choice." The health effects from sulfuric acid, the EPA Ad­ again are "according to company esti­ ad was sponsored by the four major U.S. ministrator would have denied the request mates." And once again, more reliable automakers, and discussed a revision of the of the automakers for yet another exten­ figures are available from more objective Clean Air Act that is currently being con­ sion of the deadline for meeting the statutory sidered by the Congress. The ad urged read­ HC and CO standards. sources. The National Academy of ers to write to their Senators and Repre­ Subsequent to the EPA Administrator's Sciences found that compared to a con­ sentatives on this issue. decision on the extension and his suggestions ventional engine with a catalyst meet­ The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for a five-year program, the President--on ing the 1975 standards, the added cost has received many inquiries about this ad­ the basis of broader considerations than the to meet the statutory standards would vertisement. To respond efficiently to these EPA Administrator could under the law take be only $126 to $203. Furthermore, the inquiries, this Fact Sheet has been prepared. into account in his decision-recommended developing three-way catalyst meeting BACKGROUND to the Congress that a somewhat less strin­ statutory standards would add to initial gent schedule for emission controls be re­ To fully evaluate this extremely complex quired through the 1981 model year. The cost, but would save $19 over the life of and important issue some additional back­ Congress is currently considering these and the car. ground is needed. other alternative mission control schedules. The Health Effects of Automobile In 1970 the Congress amended the Clean SPECIFIC COMMENT ON THE SEPTEMBER 3 Emissions: In the heat of the debate over Air Act. Among the changes in that law cost-effectiveness and technological ca­ made at that time was a requirement that ADVERTISEMENT by the 1975 model y·ear newly-produced auto­ The advertisement tends-as is perhaps pability, it is too easy to lose sight over mobiles meet very stringent emission stand­ inevitable in such communications-to over­ the very reason Congress is concerned ards for the three major automotive pol­ simplify the issues involved. In the following with automobile emissions: the impera­ lutants-unburned hydrocarbons (HC), commentary there are first presented the tive need to protect the public health. As carbon monoxide (CO), and oxides of nitro­ relevant statements from the advertisement new scientific data is compiled, it becomes gen (NOx). The emission of these pollutants followed by EPA's comment on the point increasingly clear that the human body from the tailpipes of automobiles contrib­ raised: can tolerate very little pollution without utes significantly to polluted air in our cities 1. You'll be paying the bill ... adverse effects. The results of the Con­ where most Americans live. Polluted air is Of course the car buyer will pay the bill harmful to health, damages materials, and for the cost of emission controls on the ference on Health Effects of Air Pollu­ reduces visibility. Last year the National car that he buys, just as he pays the bill for tion conducted under the aegis of NAS Academy of Sciences, in a report to the the air conditioner, chrome trim, carpeting, found that, "it is impossible at this time Congress, estimated that automotive air pol­ and vinyl roof that may be installed on his to establish an ambient air concentration lution each year causes 4,000 premature new car. But in another sense each citizen iS of any pollutant--other than zero-be­ deaths, and 4,000,000 hospital days. and will continue to be "paying the bill" for low which it is certain that no human As a safety valve against the possibility the damage to the public health that is beings will be adversely affected." Dr. that the auto industry might not be able to caused by automotive air pollution-in terms John Finkles of EPA stated in testimony meet the schedule of emission reductions re­ of his own and his family's degraded health, quired by the 1970 amendments to the Clean in terms of tax dollars to help care for those before the Health Subcommittee in 1973 Air Act the Congress authorized the Admin­ who must receive medical treat ment at public that "our new information does show istrator of the EPA to grant a limited num­ expense, or to help support those who because that even low levels of pollutant can ber of one-year extensions of the deadline for of degraded health cannot support them­ adversely affect health." Members must meeting the statutory emission standards. selves. The bill for emission control on a new ask what would be the health effects if As a result of applications for such exten­ car is low compared to the cost of the many the statutory standards are delayed until sions by the auto industry three such exten­ luxury items on new cars that are sold as the mid-1980's. If the statutory stand­ sions have been granted. Current law pro­ options, and represents a f.ar better bargain ards are delayed, total carbon monoxide vides no further authority for extensions of for the Nation than do many of such items of and hydrocarbon emissions would be the deadline. Thus, unless current law is optional equipment. changed, the statutory emission standards 2. There will be continued improvement of about 50 percent higher than current will go into effect with the 1978 model year. air quality as new cars replace old cars. levels. Similarly, nitrogen dioxide emis­ Since the 1970 amendments were enacted Yes there wlll be, but at a lesser rate than sions would rise considerably. The total there has been much additional study of the improvement that would be achieved at effect of these automobile pollutants is these issues. These studies have confirmed emission standards more stringent than the great. NAS has estimated that they cause the need for the stringent control of HC and ourrent standards. This will be particularly as many as 4,000 deaths and 4,000,000 co that is called for by the law, but have imp.ortant in future years if the entire days of illness per year. The individuals raised some question about the need for fleet of cars is controlled to today's emis­ extremely stringent control of NOx from sion standards instead of to more stringent most vulnerable to the health effects of automobiles. Over two years ago the EPA these pollutants are older persons, those levels. recommended to the Congress that the stat­ 3. Compared to pre-controlled cars, today's with respiratory or heart ailments, and utory NOx standard be substantially eased standards result in reductions of over 80 % comprising nearly 20 percent of the because the data on which that standard for hydrocarbon and carbon m onoxide and population. had been based had been found to be of ques­ about 40 % for oxides of nitrogen. Congress has the responsibility to rea­ tionable accuracy and because more study The 80 % reduction estimate for HC and sonably protect the Nation's health, and was needed to resolve these issues. CO is consiStent with EPA's data, but the it is clear that delaying pollution stand­ In addition, more recently it has become 50% reduction estimate for NOx is not. ards for automobile emissions would con­ apparent that there is a. possibility that the Today's reduction of NOx from precontrolled principal emission control technique so far cars is only about 11 %. The industry's 40% stitute an abrogation of that responsi­ used by the auto industry to control the reduction estimate appears not to be based bility. On the other hand, an objective emissions of HC and CO has the potential of on NOx emiSsions from pre-controlled cars, . analysis of the evidence will show that causing other health hazards. The catalyst but rather on the subst::mtially higher level it is both cost-effective and technologi­ accelerates the conversion of the small of NOx emitted from earlier models of cars cally feasible to maintain the statutory amounts of sulfur dioxide that has always that were controlled for HC and CO but standards to minimize dangerous auto­ come from the tailpipes of cars to sulfur were not required to be controlled for NOx. mobile emissions. trioxide which, when mixed with water vapor Prior to imposition of an NOx control require- September 23, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29931 ment beginning with the 1973 model year the The conference participants were not of as a member and Chairman of the Fed­ industry allowed NOx emissions to rise one mind as to whether the marginal bene­ eral Power Commission. sharply from what they had been on un­ fits of achieving 1n 1978 the statutory einis­ controlled cars. sion standard (0.4 gm/mi) for No. exceed the President Ford has recommended Dun­ 4. With current standards automakers can marginal costs. Some members felt that the ham, an aide to Vice President NELSON improve industry-wide gas mileage between known marginal benefits would accrue in RocKEFELLER, to succeed John Nassikas. 1974 and 1980 by an average of at least 40o/o. only a few areas, so the nationwide standard I have written Senator MAGNUSON That is true, but a joint study made last could be relaxed somewhat. Others felt that, chairman of the Senate Commerce Com~ year by the Department of Transportation as more was learned about the health and mittee which is reviewing the nomina­ and the EPA at the request of the Congress other adverse effects of NO. and its reaction tion, to voice my objection and to urge concluded that better than a 40% fuel products, the marginal benefits of attaining economy improvement by 1980 could also the statutory standards might well exceed the Senate to reject the nomination. be achieved at the statutory emission stand­ the marginal costs; also, they believed, the The Federal Power Commission has ards for HC and CO, and that only the NOx actual costs might be less than estimated been dominated by industry interests standard needs to be relaxed to achieve this because of a smaller fuel economy penalty for some time. It is time a true watch­ goal. than was assumed in earlier calculations. dog for consumerism was placed in this 5. Stricter standards would add only 3. If the statutory einission standard for important Commission to look after the marginal improvement to air quality. NO. (0.4 gm/Ini) is related, a two-tier strat­ best interests of the public. The improvement in air quality from strict­ egy should be implemented. This would re­ I have been critical of the FPC and its er standards would be greater in future quire vehicles that are registered and/or used years than in the near term, simply because in areas with more severe pollution problems repetitious efforts to deregulate natural most of the auto air pollution today still to meet more stringent einission standards. gas prices. comes from older, less-controlled or uncon­ 4. All of the above can, and should, be I do not take issue with Dunham's in­ trolled cars. In the long run the statutory done in a manner that does not significantly tegrity or motives. I feel that numerous emission standards for HC and CO, and pos­ increase ambient concentrations of sulfuric others might be more consumer-oriented sibly for NOx, continue to be needed, accord­ acid and acid sulfates. Accordingly, to in­ or more highly qualified to serve as FPC ing not only to EPA estimates but also sure that the choice of technology in meeting Chairman. estimates from the National Academy of the HC, CO, and NO. standards 1s consistent My letter to Chairman MAGNUSON Sciences. with this goal, a sulfuric acid light-duty reads as follows: 6. No auto manufacturer yet knows how to motor vehicle einission standard for 1978 and meet the 1978 standards on a mass produc­ subsequent model years should be estab­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, tion basis. lished. The conference participants noted Washington, D.C., September 18, 1975. That is true only if all the 1978 standards that relaxing the statutory HC, co, and No. Hon. WARREN MAGNUSON, are referred to, including the stringent 0.4 standards in itself is unlikely to result in Chairman of Senate Commerce Committee Dirksen Build.ing. , grams per mile 1978 statutory emission stand­ reduction of sulfuric acid einissioris below ard for NOx. The statutory emission stand­ levels from 1975 model automobiles. Vehicle DEAR SENATOR MAGNUSON: I wish to em­ ards for HC and CO can be met, although as manufacturers may well choose to continue phatically protest President Ford's appoint­ noted above a deferral of these standards is the use of present catalyst systems, even if ment of Richard L. Dunham to be a member the standards are relaxed, for reasons of fuel and chairman of the Federal Power Com­ in order to allow time for future study of, mission. and if needed development of control tech­ economy and their investment 1n catalyst nology for, the sulfuric acid emissions that technology. This is a position of great importance to can result from the use of catalytic HC and 5. There is no evidence to justify relaxing the American public. The Federal Power CO emission controls. The cost estimates in the existing ambient air quality standards Commission, among other functions, regu­ for the regulated pollutants. A short term lates natural gas and electric prices through­ the advertisement are also for meeting all out the United States. thr~e emission standards. The costs of meet­ (one hour) ambient air quality standard for ing only the statutory HC and CO standards nitrogen dioxide and ambient air quality It is essential to the American public that standards for sulfuric acid and acid sulfates, this commission be composed of men and at an NOx control level of 2.0 grams per mile women who are qualified to protect the con­ would not be so high; instead of from $150 and perhaps other actd aerosols, should be developed. High priority should be given to a sumer's interest. I submit that an unquali­ to $400, as stated in the ad, the increase in fied chairman of the Federal Power Commis­ costs would range from $50 to $100. study of the atmospheric chemistry and health impacts of these species. sion could cost the American public billions 6. It is important to examine carefully the of dollars in excessive rates. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS emissions and the health effects of other A study of Mr. Dunham's record dlscloses no indication of any particular dedication to 1. Emission standards for HC and CO ( .41 non-regulated pollutants from motor ve­ hicles. the consumer, but rather to the interests of and 3.4 gm/mi) for the 1978 and subsequent big business. Through most of his career, Mr. model year light-duty vehicles should be 7. All of the above could, and should, be achieved while improving fuel economy. A Dunham has been closely associated with maintained at the current statutory levels. Vice President Nelson Rockefeller. Mr. Rock­ Attaining these levels by 1978 is both feasible significant improvement can be achieved by changes that are independent of the level of efeller and his family have enormous inter­ and worthwhile. These levels can be achieved ests in industries and companies which the while steps are taken to insure against ex­ einissions. 8. There is a need to complete the develop­ Federal Power Commission is charged with cessive emissions of sulfuric acid and acid regulating. sulfates (see Conclusion 4). ment of emission standards and more effec­ tive controls for sources (both mobile and I do not intend to suggest that Mr. Dun­ 2. With respect to nitrogen oxide emission ham would necessarily be a tool of Mr. Rocke­ control: stationary) other than light-duty motor ve­ hicles of HC, CO, No. and sulfuric acid. of feller's financial interests. As an individual, (a) It is probably feasible with catalyst Mr. Dunham is most likely a man of integ­ technology to achieve the statutory emission particular concern are exhaust emissions from heavy-duty vehicles and motorcycles. rity. However, it seems to me that there are standard for NOx (0.4 gm/mi) in 1978. a large number of potential candidates for There would be less uncertainty today if evaporative einissions from vehicles, and einissions from various stationary sources. appointment to the Federal Power Commis­ there had not been a slackening of effort in sion who have far better technical qualifica­ pursuing this goal. tions for this position and who are more sym­ (b) The costs of achieving 0.4 gm/mi NOx PROTESTS NOMINATION OF RICH­ pathetic to the public interest. The chair­ emissions, estimated by the Committee on manship of such an important commission Motor Vehicle Emissions in its November 1974 ARD L. DUNHAM AS A MEMBER should not be handed to a candidate whose report, are summarized in the body of the AND CHAIRMAN OF THE FEDERAL only qualification is that he has been a faith­ present report (seep. 9). POWER COMMISSION ful lackey of Mr. Rockefeller. (c) Adherence to the statutory NOx stand­ I think it is high time that Congress in­ ard (0.4 gm/mi in 1978) wlll discourage the sist that presidential appointees to impor­ development and use of technologies (e.g., HON. RONALD M. MOTTL tant policy-making positions be qualified in direct-fuel-injected. stratlfted-charge, diesel) Oll' omo some way by past experience for the post, as that could be available for limited produc­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES well as having a demonstrated dedication to tion in the early 1980s and which otfer bene­ the pubUc interest and the welfare of the fits such as better fuel economy. These tech­ Tuesday, September 23, 1975 consuming publ1c. nologies cannot be in mass production by Mr. MOTTL. Mr. Speaker, I would I urge the Senate to reject the nomination 1978 and, with them, a high degree of NOx ltke to call the attention of this House of Mr. Dunham, and request that my oppo­ control 1s inherently c:W!lcult. The statutory sition to his confirmation be included 1n your NOx standard w1ll necessitate the continued to a letter I have written to the Honor­ coinmittee record. development and use of catalyst technolo­ able WARREN MAGNUSON, chairman of the Sincerely, gies which have the potential !or meeting Senate Commerce Committee. protesting RoNALD M. MoTTL, this goal by 1978. the nomination of Richard L. Dunham Member of Congress. CXXI--1880----Part 23 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE September 24, 1975 DISNEYLAND NOW 20 YEARS OLD Disney's most ambitious creations, celebrated tier's cabin were sprouting up along the its 20th birthday last week. banks of the "Rivers of America." As Disneyland completes a second decade As each obstacle was overcome Disneyland HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON of operation nearly 140 mlllion guests have began to become a reality after more than 20 OF CALIFORNIA visited the Park since opening day in 1955. years of dreaming. Disney's fiat orange groves Total investment for the undertaking has were indeed shaping up. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grown from $17 mlllion to more than $150 Getting the Park ready for opening day Tuesday, September 23, 1975 million. was not easy and when some 30,000 invited Plans for the amusement park took shape guests entered for their first look things were Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. in Disney's mind 20 years before actual con­ not exactly just right. The hot dogs and soft Speaker, it was 20 years ago that a now­ struction began and involved land next to drinks ran out, trash piled up faster than it famous amusement park first opened the Disney studios in Burbank. could be picked up, and restrooms were at in Anaheim, Calif. Today, Disneyland is During those early years, when the idea a premium. probably the most famous amusement was still a dream, Disney spent most of his However, Disney immediately went to work park in the world. Almost 140 million free time visiting various parks and "kiddie creating his own staff of special experts to guests have enjoyed Disneyland's fantas­ lands" with his wife and two daughters. He handle the Park and during the first year of never let go of a desire to create a place of operation 3,800,000 visitors had flocked into tic variety of attractions since it opened fantasy where grownups as well as children Disneyland. in 1955. could enjoy themselves. Disney has again accomplished- the "im­ Disneyland is not only a highly suc­ In 1954 the company finally settled on possible" in spite of the many who doubted cessful and imaginative business ven­ buying a site for Disneyland. It was 244 acres he would be successful, and they were always ture: it is also a monument to Walt Dis­ made up mostly of orange groves in the there. Hollywood producers in the 1930's told ney, the man who conceived of the orig­ sleepy community of Anaheim. "I needed Disney he was making his biggest mistake by inal plan and made it a reality. Even flat land that I could shape up," Disney said. trying to make a full-length cartoon fea­ though he passed away 9 years ago, his BuUding the Park presented demanding ture-they were talking about "Snow White challenges for the Disney team. Entirely new and the Seven Dwarfs." creation has continued to grow, adding concepts of construction had to be developed. Some businessmen and bankers in 1954 new attractions for the enjoyment of its Landscapers were called upon to create jun­ told Disney his idea for a $17 million amuse­ guests. gles and forests, as well as river banks an

SENATE-Wednesday, September 24, 1975

The Senate met at 12 noon, on the ex­ the proceedings of Tuesday, September [From the New York Daily News, Sept. 24, piration of ·the recess, and was called •to 23, 1975, be approved. 1975] order by the President pro tempore (Mr. The President pro tempore. Without WHAT CAN GOOD PEOPLE Do To PROTECT THE EASTLAND). objection, it is so ordered. PREsmENT? (By James Wieghart) PRAYER COMMITTEE MEETINGS DURING WASHINGTON, Sept. 23.-lt should be aJbun­ The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward danrtly clear 'by now, aflter three a.ttempts on L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following SENATE SESSION Presidenlt Ford's life within rthe past 17 days, prayer: Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask thtat keeping :a President a.ltve and wen ~n these United Sta.tes lin 1975 is n:o easy tllask. 0 God, our Father, to whom all hearts unanimous -consent that all committees may be authorized to meet during the 'Dhls is so even rthough Ford is undoubtedly are open and from whom no secrets are rig.J:lrt; in !his assessmenlt thwt rthe overwheJm­ hid, deliver us this day from all that session of the Senate today. lng m ,1mber of Americans Me "good people" would keep us from serving Thee and The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ ·Wild lthe "wrong element . . . who want Ito from serving our fellow man as we ought. out objection, it is so ordered. destroy evecythlng lbhl8/t's best about Amer­ Deliver us from coldness of heart, from ica" co.Il:S!ist of only a "infiniltesima.l" per­ cerutage of the iP'QPultSJtion. weakness of will, from narrowness of ENOUGH, MR. PRESIDENT mind, from weariness of spirit. Help us So tthe real quesltion .bolls down rto t his­ Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask what oa.n ·the "Good people" do rtro protect in the struggle of these contentious rthe Presidelllt from il:l.&rm '8lt the h:Mlds of times "to put on the whole armor of unanimous consent that a commentary this infinites1m.a!H.y small percentage of nuts, God ... to take the shield of faith, and by Mr. James Wieghart, appearing in the cranks, hi81ters, revolutionl8<1"1es rand others the helmet of salvation and the sword New York Daily News of the 24th of Sep­ who faU 1nrto 'the · CB~tegor:y of would-be as­ of the Spirit which is the Word of God" tember, this year, entitled "What Can sassins? And how ream. this 'be done wt'thout that we may ever stand for truth and Good People Do to Protect the Presi­ doing violence Ito the Consltlltlurtionail freedoms righteousness in the higher order of Thy dent?", and also an editorial in the Bal­ thalt are :accorded :to us aU, the "good people" timore Sun, entitled "Enough, Mr. Presi­ and the "wrong elements?" kingdom. A good plooe Ito sta.rtt would be wilth Ford , We. pray in the Redeemer's name. dent,'' written, I believe, by the editorial page editor, our old friend, J. R. L. himself. Is it re-ad~y necessary, wt.rtm more Amen. than a year to go before rthe 1976 eleotion, for Sterne, be printed in the RECORD under him to carry on such a hee.vy poliltica.l ;tmvel the heading "Enough, Mr. President." T;HE JOURNAL schedule? There 1being no objection, the articles In ildrttle over one year in office Ford has Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, a.iready t.mveled more than 80,000 miles unanimous consent that the Journal of as follows: across '39 sta/tes aJt home and 45,554 mlles