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Tilburg University Establishing boundaries Boddens Hosang, F.J.E. Publication date: 2008 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication in Tilburg University Research Portal Citation for published version (APA): Boddens Hosang, F. J. E. (2008). Establishing boundaries: Christian-Jewish relations in early council texts and the writings of Church Fathers. [s.n.]. 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Boddens Hosang ISBN: 9789071382451 Printed by: Gildeprint Drukkerijen B.V., Enschede Lay-out: Gildeprint Drukkerijen B.V., Enschede ESTABLISHING BOUNDARIES Christian- Jewish Relations in Early Council Texts and the Writings of Church Fathers Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Tilburg, op gezag van de rector magnifi cus, prof. dr. F.A. van der Duyn Schouten, in het openbaar te verdedigen ten overstaan van een door het college voor promoties aangewezen commissie in de aula van de Universiteit op woensdag 10 september 2008 om 14.15uur door Francina Jacoba Elizabeth Boddens Hosang, geboren op 9 januari 1961 te Parijs, Frankrijk. Promotiecommissie Promotores: Prof.dr. G.A.M. Rouwhorst A Prof.dr. P.J.J. van Geest A Overige leden: Prof.dr. F.G.B.Millar Prof.dr. R.B. ter Haar Romeny Prof.dr. M. Parmentier Dr. M.J.H.M. Poorthuis Th e research for this dissertation was made possible through the fi nancial support from the LJM Stichting; the publication through support by the diocese of Rotterdam. TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations 7 Acknowledgements 9 Introduction 11 1.1 Fourth century developments 11 1.2 Jews and Christians in the scholarly debate 12 1.2.1 Judaism in decline? 12 1.2.2 Parting of the ways? 18 1.3 A diff erent type of source material: council texts 23 I Th e Council of Elvira 29 1 Pre-fourth century archeological and literary evidence for Jews and 29 Christians in Spain 2 Fourth century evidence for Jews and Christian in Spain 33 3 Th e council of Elvira: discussion and canons 39 4 Conclusion 75 II Th e Council of Laodicea 77 1 Fourth-century Anatolia: introduction, evidence for Jews and 77 Christians in Anatolia 2 Th e Council of Laodicea: discussion and canons 88 3 Conclusion 103 III Th e Apostolic Canons 104 1 Fourth Century Antioch: Jewish and Christian evidence 104 2 Th e text of the Apostolic Canons and canons 112 3 Conclusion 116 IV Gaul 117 1 Fifth century Gaul: Jewish and Christian evidence 117 2 Th e text of the Statuta Ecclesiae Antiqua and canons 135 3 Later Gallic Councils (c. 465-541) and canons 140 4 Conclusion 153 Conclusions 155 A Nederlandse samenvatting 159 A Bibliography 165 Index 197 Curriculum vitae 203 J J J J J Abbreviations 7 ABBREVIATIONS regel 1 regel 2 AJA American Journal of Archaeology (Archaeological Institute of America regel 3 Norwood, 1897). regel 4 CAH Cambridge Ancient History (Cambridge University Press, 1923). regel 5 CCH La Colección Canónica Hispana (Ed. Martínez Díez, G. and Rodríguez, F.; regel 6 Monumenta Hispaniae Sacra Ser. Canónica Madrid, 1966-1984) 4 vols. regel 7 CCSG Corpus Christianorum Series Graeca (Brepols Turnhout, 1977-). regel 8 CCSL Corpus Christianorum Series Latina (Brepols Turnhout, 1953-). regel 9 CPG Clavis Patrum Graecorum (volume of CCSG; Gerard, M., 1983-1998). regel 10 CPL Clavis Patrum Latinorum (volume of CCSL; Dekkers, E., 1995). regel 11 CIJ Corpus Inscriptionum Iudaicarum (Ed. Frey, J.-B.; Pontif. Istit. di Archeologia regel 12 Cristiana Vaticano, 1936-1952) 2 vols. regel 13 CSEL Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum (Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky regel 14 Vienna, 1866-). regel 15 DDC Dictionnaire de Droit Canonique (Letouzey et Ané Paris, 1935-1965). regel 16 DTC Dictionnaire de Th éologie Catholique (Letouzey et Ané Paris, 1920). regel 17 DHGE Dictionnaire d’Histoire et de Géographie Ecclésiastiques (Letouzey et Ané regel 18 Paris, 1963). regel 19 EncEC Encyclopedia of the Early Church 2 volumes (Ed. Di Berardino, A.; James regel 20 Clarke and Co. Cambridge, 1992). regel 21 EJ Encyclopedia Judaica (Ed. Skolnik, F.; 2nd ed., Macmillan Reference USA, regel 22 2007). regel 23 JBL Journal of Biblical Literature (Society of Biblical Literature Middletown/ regel 24 Philadelphia, 1887). regel 25 JECS Journal of Early Christian Studies (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993-). regel 26 JQR Jewish Quarterly Review (Dropsie University for Hebrew Philadelphia, 1888, regel 27 NS 1910). regel 28 JRS Journal of Roman Studies (Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies regel 29 London, 1911). regel 30 JTS Journal of Th eological Studies (Clarendon Press London, 1899). regel 31 LCL Loeb Classical Library (Heinemann London, 1912). regel 32 LMitt. Lexikon des Mittelalters (Ed. Auty, A.; Artemis-Verlag München, 1980- regel 33 1999). regel 34 regel 35 regel 36 regel 37 regel 38 regel 39 Abbreviations 8 regel 1 LTh K Lexikon für Th eologie und Kirche (Herder Freiburg/Basel/Rome/Vienna, A regel 2 1993-2001). regel 3 MAMA Monumenta Asiae Minoris Antiqua (Manchester University Press/London regel 4 Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies, 1928-) 10 vols. regel 5 ODCC Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Ed. Cross, F.L.; Oxford regel 6 University Press, 2005). regel 7 PG Patrologiae cursus completus Series Graeca (Ed. Migne, J.-P.; Garnier Paris, regel 8 1857-). regel 9 PL Patrologiae cursus completus Series Latina (Ed. Migne, J.-P.; Garnier regel 10 Paris,1857-). regel 11 RAC Reallexikon für Antike und Christentum (Hiersemann Stuttgart, 1970). regel 12 REJ Revue des Etudes Juives (Sorbonne VI Paris, 1880). regel 13 SC Sources Chrétiennes (Ed. Du Cerf Paris, 1941). regel 14 TRE Th eologische Realenzyklopädie (De Gruyter Berlin 1977-2004). regel 15 VC Vigiliae Christianae (Ed. Mohrmann, C.A.E.M.; Brill Leiden, 1947-). regel 16 regel 17 RABBINIC TEXTS regel 18 regel 19 (M) Mishnah regel 20 (b) Babylonian Talmud regel 21 (y) Jerusalem Talmud regel 22 (t) Tosefta w regel 23 (Midr) Midrash regel 24 (T) Targum regel 25 regel 26 regel 27 regel 28 regel 29 regel 30 regel 31 regel 32 regel 33 regel 34 regel 35 regel 36 regel 37 regel 38 regel 39 Acknowledgements 9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS regel 1 regel 2 When starting this research as part of the requirements for attaining an MA in regel 3 Th eology, it was not yet clear that the investigation would develop into a doctoral thesis. regel 4 Obviously, there were times, over the past year or so, when I wished it had not! regel 5 Th e initial idea was launched by Dr. Marcel Poorthuis, of the Research Institute regel 6 for Jewish-Christian Relations at the Faculty of Catholic Th eology in Utrecht. His regel 7 enthusiasm only stimulated my own tentative steps in the fi eld of Christian- Jewish regel 8 relations. regel 9 Several people who had shown an interest in the project encouraged me to continue. regel 10 Firstly, I would like to thank Professor Gerard Rouwhorst without whose unfailing regel 11 support this project would never have materialized. His kind encouragement, interest regel 12 in the results I carefully put before him, and precise analysis of the diffi culties I regel 13 encountered, turned my incoherence into a presentable discussion. Needless to say, the regel 14 failings and shortcomings in the following pages are mine alone and may indicate how regel 15 incomplete the understanding of early Christian relations with Judaism still is. regel 16 It was Professor Paul van Geest who guided me through the minefi eld of patristic regel 17 sources and how to deal with the seemingly irreconcilable diffi culties in comparing regel 18 the writings of church fathers and council texts. His advice and unfailing belief in this regel 19 project and in me meant I could continue where many would have given up. regel 20 Th e fi nancial basis for the years of research was provided for by LJM Stichting, for regel 21 which I am deeply grateful. regel 22 Much practical help was given through the kindness of the librarians of the regel 23 Koninklijke Bibliotheek (Royal Library) in Th e Hague. My constant badgering for regel 24 books they never realized they had must have been frustrating yet it was in their reading regel 25 rooms that this project came into being. regel 26 Mrs. Isobel Wallace has read the manuscript and patiently corrected the English. I regel 27 am deeply indebted to her precise work. regel 28 Kind recognition should also be given to my bishop, Mgr. A.H. van Luyn sdb, whose regel 29 personal interest in the project, further supported by fi nancial help from the diocese, regel 30 encouraged me to investigate the relevance of the topic for Christian- Jewish relations regel 31 today. It is promising to see that simple contacts between the youth of the synagogue regel 32 and the youngsters of our local parish can only mean that these young people may grow regel 33 up without the usual lack of understanding of the other.