NVA237 / Glycopyrronium Bromide Multinational, Multi-Database Drug

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

NVA237 / Glycopyrronium Bromide Multinational, Multi-Database Drug Quantitative Safety & Epidemiology NVA237 / Glycopyrronium bromide Non-interventional Final Study Report NVA237A2401T Multinational, multi-database drug utilization study of inhaled NVA237 in Europe Author Document Status Final Date of final version 28 April 2016 of the study report EU PAS register ENCEPP/SDPP/4845 number Property of Novartis Confidential May not be used, divulged, published or otherwise disclosed without the consent of Novartis NIS Report Template Version 2.0 August-13-2014 Novartis Confidential Page 2 Non-interventional study report NVA237A/Seebri® Breezhaler®/CNVA237A2401T PASS information Title Multinational, multi-database drug utilization study of inhaled NVA237 in Europe –Final Study Report Version identifier of the Version 1.0 final study report Date of last version of 28 April 2016 the final study report EU PAS register number ENCEPP/SDPP/4845 Active substance Glycopyrronium bromide (R03BB06) Medicinal product Seebri®Breezhaler® / Tovanor®Breezhaler® / Enurev®Breezhaler® Product reference NVA237 Procedure number SeebriBreezhaler: EMEA/H/C/0002430 TovanorBreezhaler: EMEA/H/C/0002690 EnurevBreezhaler: EMEA/H/C0002691 Marketing authorization Novartis Europharm Ltd holder Frimley Business Park Camberley GU16 7SR United Kingdom Joint PASS No Research question and In the context of the NVA237 marketing authorization objectives application, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) recommended conditions for marketing authorization and product information and suggested to conduct a post-authorization drug utilization study. The objectives of this study are to estimate the subpopulation with cardio- and cerebrovascular co-morbidity and to identify patient groups with missing information as per the Risk Management Plan. Country(-ies) of study United Kingdom, Denmark, Italy, The Netherlands, Spain 2 Novartis Confidential Page 4 Non-interventional study report NVA237A/Seebri® Breezhaler®/CNVA237A2401T Table of contents Table of contents .................................................................................................................4 List of tables ........................................................................................................................6 List of figures ......................................................................................................................7 1 Abstract................................................................................................................................9 2 List of abbreviations ..........................................................................................................13 3 Investigators ......................................................................................................................15 4 Other responsible parties ...................................................................................................16 5 Milestones..........................................................................................................................16 6 Rationale and background .................................................................................................17 7 Research question and objectives......................................................................................18 7.1 Main objectives......................................................................................................18 7.2 Secondary objectives .............................................................................................19 8 Amendments and updates to the protocol .........................................................................19 9 Research methods..............................................................................................................21 9.1 Study design...........................................................................................................21 9.2 Setting....................................................................................................................22 9.3 Subjects..................................................................................................................23 9.3.1 In- and exclusion criteria.......................................................................23 9.3.2 Follow-up ..............................................................................................23 9.4 Variables ................................................................................................................23 9.4.1 NVA237-exposure and duration of use.................................................23 9.4.2 Demography, life-style factors and COPD characteristics prior to time of first prescription........................................................................24 9.4.3 Indication of use of inhaled NVA237 ...................................................25 9.4.4 Prescribed dosage/posology..................................................................25 9.4.5 Concomitant use of other respiratory medications................................26 9.4.6 Concomitant use of systemic anticholinergic medications ...................26 9.4.7 Underlying co-morbidities ....................................................................27 9.4.8 Pregnancy or breastfeeding at initiation of NVA237............................27 9.5 Data sources and measurement..............................................................................27 9.6 Bias ........................................................................................................................29 9.7 Study size...............................................................................................................30 9.8 Data transformation ...............................................................................................30 9.9 Statistical methods.................................................................................................32 9.9.1 Main summary measures.......................................................................32 4 Novartis Confidential Page 5 Non-interventional study report NVA237A/Seebri® Breezhaler®/CNVA237A2401T 9.9.2 Main statistical methods........................................................................33 9.9.3 Missing values.......................................................................................33 9.9.4 Sensitivity analyses ...............................................................................33 9.9.5 Amendments to the statistical analysis plan..........................................33 9.10 Quality control .......................................................................................................33 10 Results ...............................................................................................................................33 10.1 Participants ............................................................................................................33 10.2 Descriptive data .....................................................................................................34 10.2.1 Baseline characteristics of NVA237 users............................................34 10.2.2 COPD characteristics of patients initiating NVA237 ...........................38 10.2.3 Prescribed dosage and treatment duration of NVA237.........................38 10.2.4 Co-morbidity in patients initiating NVA237 ........................................40 10.2.5 Use of other medications in patients initiating NVA237 ......................40 10.3 Outcome data.........................................................................................................41 10.4 Main results ...........................................................................................................41 10.4.1 Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidities ..............................41 10.4.2 Missing information in the RMP and high risk treatment conditions...42 10.4.3 Uninterrupted use of NVA237 for more than one year.........................43 10.4.4 Off-label use of NVA237......................................................................46 10.5 Other analyses........................................................................................................48 10.5.1 Pediatric patients ...................................................................................48 10.6 Adverse events/adverse reactions ..........................................................................48 11 Discussion..........................................................................................................................48 11.1 Key results .............................................................................................................48 11.2 Limitations.............................................................................................................49 11.3 Interpretation..........................................................................................................51 12 Generalizability .................................................................................................................54 13 Other information ..............................................................................................................54 14 Conclusion.........................................................................................................................55 15 References (available upon request)..................................................................................55 16 Appendices
Recommended publications
  • United States Patent Office
    3,092,548 United States Patent Office Patented June 4, 1963 2 are the various side effects that occur in an appreciable 3,092,548 number of patients, the foremost of which are a blurring METHOD OF TREATING PEPTICULCERS WITH PANTOTHENECACD of vision, drowsiness and a general dry condition mani Albert G. Worton, Columbus, Ohio, assignor to The fested by a retarded salivation, reduction of perspiration Warren-Teed Products Company, Columbus, Ohio, a 5 and diminished urinary output. Other side effects which corporation of Ohio occur in some cases are glaucoma, stimulation of the cen No Drawing. Filed Oct. 27, 1960, Ser. No. 65,256 trol nervous system and in severe cases cardiac and respi 5 Claims. (Ci. 67-55) ratory collapse. These side effects increase to Some de gree with the increase in dosage. Despite the side effects This invention relates to preparation adapted for use O these compounds are fairly selective and highly effective in treating disorders of the gastro-intestinal tract, more in decreasing the volume and acidity of gastric secretion particularly in treating peptic ulcer, both of the duodenal and in reducing gastrointestinal motility. and gastric type, for hyperacidity, hypertropic gastritis, Understandably, the main problem in the past has been splenic flexure syndrome, biliary dyskinesia (postchole to provide a dosage of anticholinergic drug which will cystectomy syndrome) and hiatal hernia or other condi achieve the most beneficial results possible and yet mini tions where anticholinergic effect, either spasmolytic or mize the undesired side effects. One of the objects of antisecretory is indicated or where antiuicerogenic effect this invention is to provide novel compositions containing is indicated.
    [Show full text]
  • Isopropamide Iodide
    www.chemicalland21.com ISOPROPAMIDE IODIDE SYNONYMS (3-Carbamoyl-3,3-diphenylpropyl)diisopropylmethylammonium iodide; 2,2-Diphenyl-4- diisopropylaminobutyramide methiodide; 4-(Diisopropylamino)-2,2-diphenylbutyramide methiodide; gamma-(Aminocarbonyl)-N-methyl-N,N-bis(1-methylethyl)-gamma-phenylbenzenepropanaminium iodide; Iodure d'isopropamide; Ioduro de isopropamida; Isopropamide ioduro; Isopropamidi iodidum; Isoproponum iodide; PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION CAS RN 71-81-8 EINECS RN 200-766-8 FORMULA C23H33IN2O MOL WEIGHT 480.43 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES PHYSICAL STATE white to off-white powder MELTING POINT 199 C BOILING POINT DENSITY SOLUBILITY IN WATER pH VAPOR DENSITY REFRACTIVE INDEX FLASH POINT GENERAL DESCRIPTION Isopropamide is a long-acting anticholinergic and antimuscarinic drug of quaternary ammonium structure. It is used in the form of the iodide, (also bromide or chloride) to treat peptic ulcer and to suppress gastric secretion other gastrointestinal disorders. Brands of Isopropamide drugs: Darbid Dipramide Isamide Marygin-M Piaccamide Priamide Priazimide Sanulcin Tyrimide Quaternary ammonium anticholinergics (Synthetic) ATC Code Product CAS RN. A03AB01 Benzilonium bromide 1050-48-2 A03AB02 Glycopyrrolate 596-51-0 A03AB03 Oxyphenonium 14214-84-7 A03AB04 Penthienate 22064-27-3 A03AB05 Propantheline 50-34-0 A03AB06 Otilonium bromide 26095-59-0 A03AB07 Methantheline 5818-17-7 Please mail us if you want to sell your product or need to buy some products) www.chemicalland21.com ISOPROPAMIDE IODIDE A03AB08 Tridihexethyl 60-49-1 A03AB09 Isopropamide 7492-32-2 A03AB10 Hexocyclium 6004-98-4 A03AB11 Poldine 596-50-9 A03AB12 Mepenzolic acid 25990-43-6 A03AB13 Bevonium 33371-53-8 A03AB14 Pipenzolate 13473-38-6 A03AB15 Diphemanil methylsulfate 62-97-5 A03AB16 (2-Benzhydryloxyethyl)diethyl-methylammonium iodide A03AB17 Tiemonium iodide 144-12-7 A03AB18 Prifinium bromide 4630-95-9 A03AB19 Timepidium bromide 35035-05-3 A03AB21 Fenpiverinium bromide 125-60-0 03AB53 Oxyphenonium, combinations STABILITY AND REACTIVITY STABILITY Stable under normal conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence Review E: Pain Management
    National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Final Renal and ureteric stones: assessment and management Pain management NICE guideline NG118 Intervention evidence review (E) January 2019 Final This evidence review was developed by the National Guideline Centre FINAL Contents Disclaimer The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or service users. The recommendations in this guideline are not mandatory and the guideline does not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and, where appropriate, their carer or guardian. Local commissioners and providers have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients or service users wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties. NICE guidelines cover health and care in England. Decisions on how they apply in other UK countries are made by ministers in the Welsh Government, Scottish Government, and Northern Ireland Executive. All NICE guidance is subject to regular review and may be updated or withdrawn.
    [Show full text]
  • Clinically Isolated Chlamydia Trachomatis Strains
    ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY, JUIY 1988, p. 1080-1081 Vol. 32, No. 7 0066-4804/88/071080-02$02.00/0 Copyright © 1988, American Society for Microbiology In Vitro Activities of T-3262, NY-198, Fleroxacin (AM-833; RO 23-6240), and Other New Quinolone Agents against Clinically Isolated Chlamydia trachomatis Strains HIROSHI MAEDA,* AKIRA FUJII, KATSUHISA NAKATA, SOICHI ARAKAWA, AND SADAO KAMIDONO Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kobe University, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-city, Japan Received 9 December 1987/Accepted 29 March 1988 The in vitro activities of three newly developed quinolone drugs (T-3262, NY-198, and fleroxacin [AM-833; RO 23-6240]) against 10 strains of clinically isolated Chiamydia trachomatis were assessed and compared with those of other quinolones and minocycline. T-3262 (MIC for 90% of isolates tested, 0.1 ,ug/ml) was the most active of the quinolones. The NY-198 and fleroxacin MICs for 90% of isolates were 3.13 and 62.5 ,ug/ml, respectively. Recently, it has become well known that Chlamydia 1-ml sample of suspension was seeded into flat-bottomed trachomatis is an important human pathogen. It is respon- tubes with glass cover slips and incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2 sible not only for trachoma but also for sexually transmitted for 24 h. The monolayer was inoculated with 103 inclusion- infections, including lymphogranuloma venereum. In forming units of C. trachomatis. The tubes were centrifuged women, it causes cervicitis, endometritis, and salpingitis at 2,000 x g at 25°C for 45 min and left undisturbed at room asymptomatically (19), while in men it causes nongono- temperature for 2 h.
    [Show full text]
  • Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor
    mAChR Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mAChRs (muscarinic acetylcholine receptors) are acetylcholine receptors that form G protein-receptor complexes in the cell membranes of certainneurons and other cells. They play several roles, including acting as the main end-receptor stimulated by acetylcholine released from postganglionic fibersin the parasympathetic nervous system. mAChRs are named as such because they are more sensitive to muscarine than to nicotine. Their counterparts are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), receptor ion channels that are also important in the autonomic nervous system. Many drugs and other substances (for example pilocarpineand scopolamine) manipulate these two distinct receptors by acting as selective agonists or antagonists. Acetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter found extensively in the brain and the autonomic ganglia. www.MedChemExpress.com 1 mAChR Inhibitors & Modulators (+)-Cevimeline hydrochloride hemihydrate (-)-Cevimeline hydrochloride hemihydrate Cat. No.: HY-76772A Cat. No.: HY-76772B Bioactivity: Cevimeline hydrochloride hemihydrate, a novel muscarinic Bioactivity: Cevimeline hydrochloride hemihydrate, a novel muscarinic receptor agonist, is a candidate therapeutic drug for receptor agonist, is a candidate therapeutic drug for xerostomia in Sjogren's syndrome. IC50 value: Target: mAChR xerostomia in Sjogren's syndrome. IC50 value: Target: mAChR The general pharmacol. properties of this drug on the The general pharmacol. properties of this drug on the gastrointestinal, urinary, and reproductive systems and other… gastrointestinal, urinary, and reproductive systems and other… Purity: >98% Purity: >98% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, 1 mg, 5 mg 1 mg, 5 mg AC260584 Aclidinium Bromide Cat. No.: HY-100336 (LAS 34273; LAS-W 330) Cat.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Enrofloxacin for Veterinary Use Tessa Trouchon, Sebastien Lefebvre
    A Review of Enrofloxacin for Veterinary Use Tessa Trouchon, Sebastien Lefebvre To cite this version: Tessa Trouchon, Sebastien Lefebvre. A Review of Enrofloxacin for Veterinary Use. Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2016, 6 (2), pp.40-58. 10.4236/ojvm.2016.62006. hal-01503397 HAL Id: hal-01503397 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01503397 Submitted on 7 Apr 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2016, 6, 40-58 Published Online February 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojvm http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2016.62006 A Review of Enrofloxacin for Veterinary Use Tessa Trouchon, Sébastien Lefebvre USC 1233 INRA-Vetagro Sup, Veterinary School of Lyon, Marcy l’Etoile, France Received 12 January 2016; accepted 21 February 2016; published 26 February 2016 Copyright © 2016 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract This review outlines the current knowledge on the use of enrofloxacin in veterinary medicine from biochemical mechanisms to the use in the field conditions and even resistance and ecotoxic- ity.
    [Show full text]
  • Stable Pressurised Aerosol Solution Composition of Glycopyrronium Bromide and Formoterol Combination
    (19) TZZ¥¥_T (11) EP 3 384 898 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 10.10.2018 Bulletin 2018/41 A61K 9/00 (2006.01) A61M 15/00 (2006.01) A61K 31/167 (2006.01) A61K 31/40 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (21) Application number: 18171127.6 B65D 83/54 A61K 31/573 A61K 31/54 (2006.01) A61K 45/06 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (22) Date of filing: 23.12.2014 A61K 9/12 A61K 31/58 A61M 39/22 (2006.01) (84) Designated Contracting States: • COPELLI, Diego AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB 43100 PARMA (IT) GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO • DAGLI ALBERI, Massimiliano PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR 43100 PARMA (IT) Designated Extension States: • USBERTI, Francesca BA ME 43100 PARMA (IT) • ZAMBELLI, Enrico (30) Priority: 30.12.2013 EP 13199784 43100 PARMA (IT) (62) Document number(s) of the earlier application(s) in (74) Representative: Bianchetti Bracco Minoja S.r.l. accordance with Art. 76 EPC: Via Plinio, 63 14825154.9 / 3 089 735 20129 Milano (IT) (71) Applicant: Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. Remarks: 43100 Parma (IT) This application was filed on 08-05-2018 as a divisional application to the application mentioned (72) Inventors: under INID code 62. • BONELLI, Sauro 43100 PARMA (IT) (54) STABLE PRESSURISED AEROSOL SOLUTION COMPOSITION OF GLYCOPYRRONIUM BROMIDE AND FORMOTEROL COMBINATION (57) The invention concerns an aerosol solution lower than the limit of quantification, when stored in ac- composition intended for use with a pressurised metered celerated conditions at 25°C and 60% relative humidity dose inhaler, comprising glycopyrronium bromide and (RH) for 6 months in a can internally coated by a resin formoterol, or a salt thereof or a solvate of said salt, op- comprising a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) poly- tionally in combination with one or more additional active mer.
    [Show full text]
  • Customs Tariff - Schedule
    CUSTOMS TARIFF - SCHEDULE 99 - i Chapter 99 SPECIAL CLASSIFICATION PROVISIONS - COMMERCIAL Notes. 1. The provisions of this Chapter are not subject to the rule of specificity in General Interpretative Rule 3 (a). 2. Goods which may be classified under the provisions of Chapter 99, if also eligible for classification under the provisions of Chapter 98, shall be classified in Chapter 98. 3. Goods may be classified under a tariff item in this Chapter and be entitled to the Most-Favoured-Nation Tariff or a preferential tariff rate of customs duty under this Chapter that applies to those goods according to the tariff treatment applicable to their country of origin only after classification under a tariff item in Chapters 1 to 97 has been determined and the conditions of any Chapter 99 provision and any applicable regulations or orders in relation thereto have been met. 4. The words and expressions used in this Chapter have the same meaning as in Chapters 1 to 97. Issued January 1, 2020 99 - 1 CUSTOMS TARIFF - SCHEDULE Tariff Unit of MFN Applicable SS Description of Goods Item Meas. Tariff Preferential Tariffs 9901.00.00 Articles and materials for use in the manufacture or repair of the Free CCCT, LDCT, GPT, UST, following to be employed in commercial fishing or the commercial MT, MUST, CIAT, CT, harvesting of marine plants: CRT, IT, NT, SLT, PT, COLT, JT, PAT, HNT, Artificial bait; KRT, CEUT, UAT, CPTPT: Free Carapace measures; Cordage, fishing lines (including marlines), rope and twine, of a circumference not exceeding 38 mm; Devices for keeping nets open; Fish hooks; Fishing nets and netting; Jiggers; Line floats; Lobster traps; Lures; Marker buoys of any material excluding wood; Net floats; Scallop drag nets; Spat collectors and collector holders; Swivels.
    [Show full text]
  • NINDS Custom Collection II
    ACACETIN ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ACECLIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE ACEMETACIN ACETAMINOPHEN ACETAMINOSALOL ACETANILIDE ACETARSOL ACETAZOLAMIDE ACETOHYDROXAMIC ACID ACETRIAZOIC ACID ACETYL TYROSINE ETHYL ESTER ACETYLCARNITINE ACETYLCHOLINE ACETYLCYSTEINE ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE ACETYLGLUTAMIC ACID ACETYL-L-LEUCINE ACETYLPHENYLALANINE ACETYLSEROTONIN ACETYLTRYPTOPHAN ACEXAMIC ACID ACIVICIN ACLACINOMYCIN A1 ACONITINE ACRIFLAVINIUM HYDROCHLORIDE ACRISORCIN ACTINONIN ACYCLOVIR ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE ADENOSINE ADRENALINE BITARTRATE AESCULIN AJMALINE AKLAVINE HYDROCHLORIDE ALANYL-dl-LEUCINE ALANYL-dl-PHENYLALANINE ALAPROCLATE ALBENDAZOLE ALBUTEROL ALEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE ALLANTOIN ALLOPURINOL ALMOTRIPTAN ALOIN ALPRENOLOL ALTRETAMINE ALVERINE CITRATE AMANTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMBROXOL HYDROCHLORIDE AMCINONIDE AMIKACIN SULFATE AMILORIDE HYDROCHLORIDE 3-AMINOBENZAMIDE gamma-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID AMINOCAPROIC ACID N- (2-AMINOETHYL)-4-CHLOROBENZAMIDE (RO-16-6491) AMINOGLUTETHIMIDE AMINOHIPPURIC ACID AMINOHYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID AMINOLEVULINIC ACID HYDROCHLORIDE AMINOPHENAZONE 3-AMINOPROPANESULPHONIC ACID AMINOPYRIDINE 9-AMINO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROACRIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMINOTHIAZOLE AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE AMIPRILOSE AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMLODIPINE BESYLATE AMODIAQUINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE AMOXEPINE AMOXICILLIN AMPICILLIN SODIUM AMPROLIUM AMRINONE AMYGDALIN ANABASAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANABASINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANDROSTERONE SODIUM SULFATE ANIRACETAM ANISINDIONE ANISODAMINE ANISOMYCIN ANTAZOLINE PHOSPHATE ANTHRALIN ANTIMYCIN A (A1 shown) ANTIPYRINE APHYLLIC
    [Show full text]
  • Hypersalivation in Children and Adults
    Pharmacological Management of Hypersalivation in Children and Adults Scope: Adult patients with Parkinson’s disease, children with neurodisability, cerebral palsy, long-term ventilation with drooling, and drug-induced hypersalivation. ASSESSMENT OF SEVERITY/RESPONSE TO TREATMENT: Severity of drooling can be assessed subjectively via discussion with patients and their carers/parents and by observation. Amount of drooling can be quantified by measuring the number of bibs required per day and this can also be graded using the Thomas-Stonell and Greenberg scale: • 1 = Dry (no drooling) • 2 = Mild (moist lips) • 3 = Moderate (wet lips and chin) • 4 = Severe (damp clothing) CONSIDERATIONS FOR PRESCRIBING/TITRATION No evidence to support the use of one particular treatment over another. Drug choice is to be determined by individual patient factors. When prescribing/titrating antimuscarinic drugs to treat hypersalivation always take account of: • Coexisting conditions (for example, history of urinary retention, constipation, glaucoma, dental issues, reflux etc.) • Use of other existing medication affecting the total antimuscarinic burden • Risk of adverse effects Titrate dose upward until the desired level of dryness, side effects or maximum dose reached. Take into account the preferences of the patients and their carers/ parents, and the age range and indication covered by the marketing authorisations (see individual summaries of product characteristics, BNF or BNFc for full prescribing information). FIRST LINE DRUG TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR ADULTS
    [Show full text]
  • Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice (2Nd Edition) Iii
    ii Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice (2nd edition) iii Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice, 2nd edition Publisher: Companion Animal Group, Danish Veterinary Association, Peter Bangs Vej 30, 2000 Frederiksberg Authors of the guidelines: Lisbeth Rem Jessen (University of Copenhagen) Peter Damborg (University of Copenhagen) Anette Spohr (Evidensia Faxe Animal Hospital) Sandra Goericke-Pesch (University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover) Rebecca Langhorn (University of Copenhagen) Geoffrey Houser (University of Copenhagen) Jakob Willesen (University of Copenhagen) Mette Schjærff (University of Copenhagen) Thomas Eriksen (University of Copenhagen) Tina Møller Sørensen (University of Copenhagen) Vibeke Frøkjær Jensen (DTU-VET) Flemming Obling (Greve) Luca Guardabassi (University of Copenhagen) Reproduction of extracts from these guidelines is only permitted in accordance with the agreement between the Ministry of Education and Copy-Dan. Danish copyright law restricts all other use without written permission of the publisher. Exception is granted for short excerpts for review purposes. iv Foreword The first edition of the Antibiotic Use Guidelines for Companion Animal Practice was published in autumn of 2012. The aim of the guidelines was to prevent increased antibiotic resistance. A questionnaire circulated to Danish veterinarians in 2015 (Jessen et al., DVT 10, 2016) indicated that the guidelines were well received, and particularly that active users had followed the recommendations. Despite a positive reception and the results of this survey, the actual quantity of antibiotics used is probably a better indicator of the effect of the first guidelines. Chapter two of these updated guidelines therefore details the pattern of developments in antibiotic use, as reported in DANMAP 2016 (www.danmap.org).
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Antispasmodics in Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.309 Review articles The role of antispasmodics in managing irritable bowel syndrome Valeria Atenea Costa Barney,1* Alan Felipe Ovalle Hernández.1 1 Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology specialist Abstract in San Ignacio University Hospital, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Although antispasmodics are the cornerstone of treating irritable bowel syndrome, there are a number of an- tispasmodic medications currently available in Colombia. Since they are frequently used to treat this disease, *Correspondence: [email protected] we consider an evaluation of them to be important. ......................................... Received: 26/10/18 Keywords Accepted: 11/02/19 Antispasmodic, irritable bowel syndrome, pinaverium bromide, otilonium bromide, Mebeverin, trimebutine. INTRODUCTION consistency. The criteria must be met for three consecutive months prior to diagnosis and symptoms must have started Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most fre- a minimum of six months before diagnosis. (3, 4) quent chronic gastrointestinal functional disorders. It is There are no known structural or anatomical explanations characterized by recurrent abdominal pain associated with of the pathophysiology of IBS and its exact cause remains changes in the rhythm of bowel movements with either or unknown. Nevertheless, several mechanisms have been both constipation and diarrhea. Swelling and bloating are proposed. Altered gastrointestinal motility may contribute frequent occurrences. (1) to changes in bowel habits reported by some patients, and a IBS is divided into two subtypes: predominance of cons- combination of smooth muscle spasms, visceral hypersen- tipation (20-30% of patients) and predominance of dia- sitivity and abnormalities of central pain processing may rrhea (20-30% of patients).
    [Show full text]