How's the Water?
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How’s the Water? Houston-Galveston region Clean Rivers Program Basin Highlights Report 2014 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 3 AT A GLANCE 4 The Regional Water Quality Monitoring Program Overview of Common Water Quality Issues for the Houston-Galveston Region Initiatives Impacting Water Quality Water Quality Trends ONGOING EFFORTS 9 Overview Ambient Monitoring Program & Regional Monitoring Workgroup Special Studies & Relevant Activity Overview WATERSHED PROJECTS OF 2013 12 Overview TMDLs / I-Plans WPPs Other Watershed Projects OUTREACH ACTIVITIES 23 Overview Outreach Priorities, Projects & Other Activities LOCAL WATER QUALITY REVIEW 28 Overview Basin-Specific Water Quality Reviews Conclusion RESOURCE INFORMATION 66 Common Acronyms ALU Aquatic Life Use I-PLAN Implementation Plan AU Assessment Unit OSSF On-Site Sewage Facility BIG Bacteria Implementation Group TCEQ Texas Commission on Environmental Quality CRP Clean Rivers Program TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load DO Dissolved Oxygen TSSWCB Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board EPA Environmental Protection Agency USGS U.S. Geological Survey HARC Houston Advanced Research Center WPP Watershed Protection Plan H-GAC Houston-Galveston Area Council WWTF Wastewater Treatment Facility 2 Introduction Overview The Houston-Galveston region is home to more than 16,000 miles of waterways and shoreline and has the largest coordinated surface water quality monitoring program in Texas. The region has a strong economy and rapidly growing population which puts a strain on water resources in terms of both quantity and quality. It is more important than ever that we protect local waters and understand that it is everyone’s responsibility to ensure that those resources continue to be viable long into the future. This is why the Houston-Galveston region’s Clean Rivers Program (CRP) works closely with local partners and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) to monitor and assess water quality, and analyze the various factors and activities that impact local waters. CRP provides information and recommendations on what individuals, industry, and local governments can do to clean up and preserve local waterways, now and in the future. Houston-Galveston CRP Region The Houston-Galveston Area Council (H-GAC) is the state-designated lead partner agency for the San Jacinto River Basin, the Trinity-San Jacinto Coastal Basin, the San Jacinto-Brazos Coastal Basin, and the Brazos-Colorado Coastal Basin. H-GAC oversees all aspects of the CRP in these basins and is responsible for the following tasks: • Project Administration • Quality Assurance • Water Quality Monitoring • Data Management • Data Analysis and Reporting • Stakeholder Participation / Public Outreach This report provides an overview of CRP activities completed during 2013, as well as highlights new projects made possible using CRP data, and was prepared in cooperation with the TCEQ under the authorization of the Texas Clean Rivers Act. For more information on the projects and statistical data contained herein, please visit our website at www.h-gac.com/water or email us at [email protected]. 3 At a Glance The Regional Water Quality Monitoring Program The Houston-Galveston region CRP is considered a model program throughout the state, thanks in large part to its coordinated approach to water quality monitoring. CRP covers all or a portion of 15 counties and includes more than 370 coordinated sampling sites and 11 regional partners: • City of Houston Health and Human Services • City of Houston Public Works and Engineering • City of Houston Water Quality Control • Environmental Institute of Houston • Harris County Flood Control District • Harris County Pollution Control • H-GAC • San Jacinto River Authority – Lake Conroe Division • San Jacinto River Authority – Woodlands Division • TCEQ • United States Geological Survey Overview of Common Water Quality Issues for the Houston-Galveston Region The Houston-Galveston region supports a population of more than six million and includes the fourth largest city and third largest county in the nation. Such a concentration of people can place significant strain on the quality and quantity of water. Currently, more than 80% of the waterways in the Houston-Galveston region fail to meet one or more state water quality standards. The most common water quality issues are: BACTERIA Forty-seven percent of stream miles are impaired by high levels of bacteria. High bacterial concentrations can cause swimmers or others who come into direct contact with the water to become ill or suffer from skin infections. DISSOLVED OXYGEN Twenty-four percent of stream miles are impaired by low levels of dissolved oxygen (DO). Oxygen depletion in waterways can create uninhabitable environments for fish and other aquatic life crucial to the region’s economy. PCBs / DIOXIN Seventy-six percent of tidal waterways in the region are impaired by high levels of PCBs/dioxin in fish tissue. People who eat fish or seafood contaminated by PCBs/dioxin can develop long-term, serious illnesses. NUTRIENTS Twenty-nine percent of stream miles exceed the state screening levels for nutrients. In high concentrations, nutrients can cause taste and odor in drinking water, as well unsightly algal blooms. 4 At a Glance Initiatives Impacting Water Quality In 2013, several initiatives began that could impact regional water quality, including: PROPOSITION 6 In November 2013, Texas voters passed Proposition 6, a state constitutional amendment. Proposition 6 will move money from the Economic Stabilization Fund, also known as the “rainy day fund,” and put it into the State Water Implementation Fund of Texas (SWIFT) and the State Water Implementation Revenue Fund of Texas (SWIRFT). After the initial investment from the rainy day fund, bill sponsors anticipate that SWIFT and SWIRFT will generate enough revenue to fund $25 billion worth of water supply projects over the next 50 years, according to State Impact- Texas online. While the long-term impact of Proposition 6 on water quality isn’t yet certain, the conservation efforts associated with SWIFT and SWIRFT have the potential to be beneficial to the health of state and local waterways. RESTORE ACT The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico had a profound effect on the communities and economies of the Gulf Coast. The federal government responded by passing the RESTORE Act in 2012. The State of Texas began establishing priorities for funding it will receive as part of the RESTORE Act. Municipal infrastructure projects for coastal communities may be eligible for funding. In 2013, H-GAC worked to identify ways to direct a portion of these funds to coastal communities in the region to improve water quality on the Gulf Coast. STATEWIDE DEVELOPMENT OF NUTRIENT CRITERIA Currently, no numeric criteria for water quality standards exist for nutrients, making comparative analysis difficult at the state level. In 2012, the TCEQ established a Nutrient Criteria Development Advisory Workgroup tasked with “developing nutrient criteria—including strategies for developing criteria, types of criteria, categorization of water bodies, and additional data needs” to ensure that water bodies throughout the state are meeting their designated uses. Criteria will be fine-tuned to specific regions in lieu of a “one size Did You Know... fits all” option. Drinking water with high concentrations of nutrients can lead to breathing difficulties in The timetable for developing nutrient criteria is being developed. pregnant woman and infants? The Nutrient Criteria Development Advisory group holds public Learn more by visiting: meetings and seeks stakeholder and subject-matter expert input. http://www2.epa.gov/nutrientpollution/problem. Learn more at www.tceq.texas.gov/waterquality/standards/stakeholders/nutrient_criteria_group.html. 5 At a Glance Summary of Water Quality Impairments and Concerns Basin Watershed SEG_GRP DO Bact Chlor Nut PCB Other* Frogs X Trinity-San Cedar Bayou 0901 100 100 100 Jacinto Coastal Cedar Bayou Above Tidal 0902 X X X X X Buffalo Bayou Above Tidal 1014 8.1 79.4 68.4 X X X Buffalo Bayou Tidal 1013 30.8 63.3 36.4 27.0 X X X Caney Creek 1010 16.1 34.6 X X X X Cypress Creek 1009 41.0 84.6 84.6 10.4 X X X East Fork San Jacinto River 1003 100 X X X Greens Bayou Above Tidal 1016 5.4 91.2 80.3 X X X Houston Ship Channel 1006 3.5 47.2 4.9 63.8 36.7 36.7 X X X Houston Ship Channel Buffalo Bayou Tidal 1007 18.6 74.2 88.8 23.8 23.8 X X San Jacinto River Houston Ship Channel/ San Jacinto River Tidal 1005 29.3 100 X X Lake Conroe 1012 4.9 16.4 X X X X X Lake Creek 1015 66.3 48.3 X X X Lake Houston 1002 6.6 14.1 41.3 0.1 X X X X Peach Creek 1011 100 X X X San Jacinto River Tidal 1001 43.4 X X X Spring Creek 1008 37.6 71.7 1.1 22.3 11.7 X X X West Fork San Jacinto River 1004 61.5 18.1 X X X White Oak Bayou Above Tidal 1017 3.5 84.6 80.8 X X X Armand Bayou Tidal 1113 56.5 57.5 17.4 17.7 24.7 X X X Bastrop Bayou Tidal 1105 81.3 87.1 6.3 X X X Chocolate Bayou Above Tidal 1108 100 100 100 X X X Chocolate Bayou Tidal 1107 100 100 X San Jacinto- Clear Creek Above Tidal 1102 66.0 81.8 73.0 44.3 4.4 X X Brazos Coastal Clear Creek Tidal 1101 37.8 71.0 8.8 19.0 29.4 X X Dickinson Bayou Above Tidal 1104 41.3 41.3 X X X Dickinson Bayou Tidal 1103 65.6 84.3 12.2 42.5 X Old Brazos River Channel Tidal 1111 100 X X X X X Oyster Creek Above Tidal 1110 66.3 42.2 42.2 X X X Oyster Creek Tidal 1109 100 X X X San Bernard River Above Tidal 1302 61.8 62.6 9.5 X X X Brazos- San Bernard River Tidal 1301 100 100 X X X Colorado