<I>Phytophthora Alni</I>
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Alnus Glutinosa
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.13.875229; this version posted December 13, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. Investigations into the declining health of alder (Alnus glutinosa) along the river Lagan in Belfast, including the first report of Phytophthora lacustris causing disease of Alnus in Northern Ireland Richard O Hanlon (1, 2)* Julia Wilson (2), Deborah Cox (1) (1) Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT9 5PX, Northern Ireland, UK. (2) Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK * [email protected] Additional key words: Plant health, Forest pathology, riparian, root and collar rot. Abstract Common alder (Alnus glutinosa) is an important tree species, especially in riparian and wet habitats. Alder is very common across Ireland and Northern Ireland, and provides a wide range of ecosystem services. Surveys along the river Lagan in Belfast, Northern Ireland led to the detection of several diseased Alnus trees. As it is known that Alnus suffers from a Phytophthora induced decline, this research set out to identify the presence and scale of the risk to Alnus health from Phytophthora and other closely related oomycetes. Sampling and a combination of morphological and molecular testing of symptomatic plant material and river baits identified the presence of several Phytophthora species, including Phytophthora lacustris. A survey of the tree vegetation along an 8.5 km stretch of the river revealed that of the 166 Alnus trees counted, 28 were severely defoliated/diseased and 9 were dead. -
Presidio Phytophthora Management Recommendations
2016 Presidio Phytophthora Management Recommendations Laura Sims Presidio Phytophthora Management Recommendations (modified) Author: Laura Sims Other Contributing Authors: Christa Conforti, Tom Gordon, Nina Larssen, and Meghan Steinharter Photograph Credits: Laura Sims, Janet Klein, Richard Cobb, Everett Hansen, Thomas Jung, Thomas Cech, and Amelie Rak Editors and Additional Contributors: Christa Conforti, Alison Forrestel, Alisa Shor, Lew Stringer, Sharon Farrell, Teri Thomas, John Doyle, and Kara Mirmelstein Acknowledgements: Thanks first to Matteo Garbelotto and the University of California, Berkeley Forest Pathology and Mycology Lab for providing a ‘forest pathology home’. Many thanks to the members of the Phytophthora huddle group for useful suggestions and feedback. Many thanks to the members of the Working Group for Phytophthoras in Native Habitats for insight into the issues of Phytophthora. Many thanks to Jennifer Parke, Ted Swiecki, Kathy Kosta, Cheryl Blomquist, Susan Frankel, and M. Garbelotto for guidance. I would like to acknowledge the BMP documents on Phytophthora that proceeded this one: the Nursery Industry Best Management Practices for Phytophthora ramorum to prevent the introduction or establishment in California nursery operations, and The Safe Procurement and Production Manual. 1 Title Page: Authors and Acknowledgements Table of Contents Page Title Page 1 Table of Contents 2 Executive Summary 5 Introduction to the Phytophthora Issue 7 Phytophthora Issues Around the World 7 Phytophthora Issues in California 11 Phytophthora -
Distribution and Severity of Alder Phytophthora in Alaska1
Proceedings of the Sudden Oak Death Fourth Science Symposium Distribution and Severity of Alder 1 Phytophthora in Alaska G.C. Adams,2 M. Catal,2 and L. Trummer3 Abstract In Alaska, an unprecedented dieback and mortality of Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia has occurred which stimulated an effort to determine causal agents of the disease. In Europe, similar dieback and mortality of Alnus incana and Alnus glutinosa has been attributed to root rot by a spectrum of newly emergent strains in the hybrid species Phytophthora alni. The variable hybrids of P. alni were grouped into three subspecies: P. alni ssp. alni (PAA), P. alni ssp. multiformis (PAM), and P. alni ssp. uniformis (PAU). From 2007 to 2008, we conducted a survey of Phytophthora species at 30 locations with stream baiting as used in the 2007 national Phytophthora ramorum Early Detection Survey for Forests in the United States. Additionally, Phytophthora species from saturated rhizosphere soil beneath alder stands were baited in situ using rhododendron leaves. We discovered PAU in rhizosphere soils in 2007 at two sample locations in unmanaged stands hundreds of miles apart, on the Kenai Peninsula and near Denali National Park. PAA was reported to be the most aggressive and pathogenic to alders and PAM and PAU were significantly less aggressive than PAA, though still pathogenic. To ascertain whether PAU was of restricted distribution due to recent introduction, or widespread distribution, we extended the survey in 2008 to 81 locations. Intensive sampling was conducted at five alder stands exhibiting dieback and 10 alder genets per location were excavated to expose nearly the entire root system for evaluation of the severity of root rot, ELISA detection of Phytophthora in diseased roots, and isolation of Phytophthora species. -
Zones PTZ 2017
Zones PTZ 2017 - Maisons Babeau Seguin Pour construire votre maison au meilleur prix, rendez-vous sur le site de Constructeur Maison Babeau Seguin Attention, le PTZ ne sera plus disponible en zone C dès la fin 2017 et la fin 2018 pour la zone B2 Région Liste Communes N° ZONE PTZ Département Commune Région Département 2017 67 Bas-Rhin Adamswiller Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Albé Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Allenwiller Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Alteckendorf Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Altenheim Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Altwiller Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Andlau Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Artolsheim Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Aschbach Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Asswiller Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Auenheim Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Baerendorf Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Balbronn Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Barembach Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bassemberg Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Batzendorf Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Beinheim Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bellefosse Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Belmont Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Berg Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bergbieten Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bernardvillé Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Berstett Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Berstheim Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Betschdorf Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bettwiller Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Biblisheim Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bietlenheim Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bindernheim Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Birkenwald Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bischholtz Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bissert Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bitschhoffen Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Blancherupt Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Blienschwiller Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Boesenbiesen Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bolsenheim Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Boofzheim Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin Bootzheim Alsace C 67 Bas-Rhin -
Alder Canopy Dieback and Damage in Western Oregon Riparian Ecosystems
Alder Canopy Dieback and Damage in Western Oregon Riparian Ecosystems Sims, L., Goheen, E., Kanaskie, A., & Hansen, E. (2015). Alder canopy dieback and damage in western Oregon riparian ecosystems. Northwest Science, 89(1), 34-46. doi:10.3955/046.089.0103 10.3955/046.089.0103 Northwest Scientific Association Version of Record http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse Laura Sims,1, 2 Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, 1085 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 Ellen Goheen, USDA Forest Service, J. Herbert Stone Nursery, Central Point, Oregon 97502 Alan Kanaskie, Oregon Department of Forestry, 2600 State Street, Salem, Oregon 97310 and Everett Hansen, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 1085 Cordley Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 Alder Canopy Dieback and Damage in Western Oregon Riparian Ecosystems Abstract We gathered baseline data to assess alder tree damage in western Oregon riparian ecosystems. We sought to determine if Phytophthora-type cankers found in Europe or the pathogen Phytophthora alni subsp. alni, which represent a major threat to alder forests in the Pacific Northwest, were present in the study area. Damage was evaluated in 88 transects; information was recorded on damage type (pathogen, insect or wound) and damage location. We evaluated 1445 red alder (Alnus rubra), 682 white alder (Alnus rhombifolia) and 181 thinleaf alder (Alnus incana spp. tenuifolia) trees. We tested the correlation between canopy dieback and canker symptoms because canopy dieback is an important symptom of Phytophthora disease of alder in Europe. We calculated the odds that alder canopy dieback was associated with Phytophthora-type cankers or other biotic cankers. -
(M Supplément) Administration Générale Et Économie 1800-1870
Archives départementales du Bas-Rhin Répertoire numérique de la sous-série 15 M (M supplément) Administration générale et économie 1800-1870 Dressé en 1980 par Louis Martin Documentaliste aux Archives du Bas-Rhin Remis en forme en 2016 par Dominique Fassel sous la direction d’Adélaïde Zeyer, conservateur du patrimoine Mise à jour du 19 décembre 2019 Sous-série 15 M – Administration générale et économie, 1800-1870 (M complément) Page 2 sur 204 Sous-série 15 M – Administration générale et économie, 1800-1870 (M complément) XV. ADMINISTRATION GENERALE ET ECONOMIE COMPLEMENT Sommaire Introduction Répertoire de la sous-série 15 M Personnel administratif ........................................................................... 15 M 1-7 Elections ................................................................................................... 15 M 8-21 Police générale et administrative............................................................ 15 M 22-212 Distinctions honorifiques ........................................................................ 15 M 213 Hygiène et santé publique ....................................................................... 15 M 214-300 Divisions administratives et territoriales ............................................... 15 M 301-372 Population ................................................................................................ 15 M 373 Etat civil ................................................................................................... 15 M 374-377 Subsistances ............................................................................................ -
Analyses of Hybrid Viability Across a Hybrid Zone Between Two Alnus Species Using Microsatellites and Cpdna Markers
G C A T T A C G G C A T genes Article Analyses of Hybrid Viability across a Hybrid Zone between Two Alnus Species Using Microsatellites and cpDNA Markers Jan Šmíd 1, Jan Douda 1, Karol Krak 1,2 and Bohumil Mandák 1,2,* 1 Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic; [email protected] (J.Š.); [email protected] (J.D.); [email protected] (K.K.) 2 Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43 Pr ˚uhonice,Czech Republic * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 18 June 2020; Accepted: 6 July 2020; Published: 9 July 2020 Abstract: Diploid Alnus glutinosa s. str. and autotetraploid A. rohlenae form a narrow hybrid zone in a study area in southern Serbia, which results in triploid hybrid formation. The vast majority of previous studies have been focused on studies of maternal plants, but the offspring resulting from their crossing have not been much studied. Here, we use the variability of microsatellites and chloroplast DNA between these species and their putative hybrids to create an overall picture of the development of the hybrid zone and its predicted type. To elucidate the gene transfer within both species, the origins of individual ploidies and especially the role of triploid hybrids, a germination experiment was carried out linked with a flow cytometry study of the resulting seedlings. The tension zone model seems to offer the most adequate explanation of our observations, with selection against triploid hybrids and the spatial positioning of the hybrid zone. -
Through the Vosages to Strasbourg
INSTRUCTOR TRAINING DIVISION GENERAL INSTRUCTION DEPARTMENT THE ARMORED SCHOOL Fort Knox, Kentucky ADVANCED OFFICERS CLASS #2 DATE 7 May 1948 MILITARY MONOGRAPH TITLE: "Through the Vosges to Strasbourg" SCOPE:S An account of the advance of the XV U. S. Corps from the vici-nit-y of Luneville, France through the Vosge's Mountains to the Rhine River at Strasbourg, with particular, attention to the maneuvers of the 2nd French Armored Division. an1-a THROUGH THE VOSGE-S TO STRASBOURG During September and October 1944 the- German High Command continued to, re in~force its def enses- in the. West in an effort to prevent an entry by the All .ies into- Germany proper and to preserve freedom of action along the entire length of the Rhine River. Though the ma-in concentrations of the German -Army were further to the north it was sensitive to any Allied activities in the vicinity of the upper Rhine valley. At the end of October the Seventh U. S. Army line extended from the Rhine-Marne Canal at -a,point east, of Luneville, France to the southern footh~ills' of the Vosges Mountains., This Army was ordered by the Sixth Army Group'to advance against the enemy west of the Rhtine, who still held the important area of Alsace, and be prepared to strike blows deep into Germany. - The Third. U. S. Army on the left (north) _of the Seventh Army'was directing its- ef forts against the fortress of Metz, France which had to be overcome be- fore any general advance to the east could be made by that Army.' The offensive of the Seventh Army was direct-m ed toward Strasbourg; thus,, as that army advanced it would uncover its left flank and must provide for its (south) of the Seventh Army with direction of movement paralleling that of the Seventh Army. -
Phytophthora Alni Globally Using Both Statistical Analyses and Expert Knowledge
Previous Advances in Threat Assessment and Their Application to Forest and Rangeland Management Estimating the Susceptibility to Phytophthora alni Globally Using Both Statistical Analyses and Expert Knowledge Marla C. Downing, Thomas Jung, Vernon Thomas, Keywords: Alder, Alnus, classification tree, hazard, Markus Blaschke, Michael F. Tuffly, and Robin Reich pathogen, Phytophthora alni, risk. Marla C. Downing, program manager, Invasive Species Introduction Information, USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protec- Phytophthora alni Brasier and S.A. Kirk is a host-specific, tion, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Fort highly aggressive soil and waterborne pathogen that causes Collins, CO 80526; Thomas Jung, independent scientist root and collar rot of Alnus (alder) spp. All European alder and consultant for tree diseases, pathologist, Brannenburg, species (i.e., black alder [A. glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.], gray Germany; Vernon Thomas, spatial analyst, Information alder [A. incana (L.) Moench], Italian alder [A. cordata Technology Experts, Inc., Fort Collins, CO 80525; Markus (Loisel.) Duby], and green alder [A. viridis] (Chaix) DC.) Blaschke, Bavarian State Institute of Forestry (LWF), Sec- and the North American red alder (A. rubra Bong. ) are tion Forest Ecology and Forest Protection, Freising, Ger- highly susceptible (Jung and Blaschke 2006, Gibbs and many; Michael F. Tuffly, ERIA Consultants, LLC, spatial others 2003). The susceptibility of other North and South analyst, Boulder, CO 80305; and Robin Reich, Department American and Asian alder species is currently unknown. of Forest, Rangeland and Watershed Stewardship, professor, Phytophthora alni was shown to be a recent interspecific Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525. hybrid between P. cambivora (Petri) Buisman and another species closely related to P. -
Phytophthora Alni on Alnus Glutinosa Reported for the First Time in Spain
Plant Pathology (2010) 59, 798 Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02254.x Phytophthora alni on Alnus glutinosa reported for the first time in Spain A. Sollaa,A.Pe´rez-Sierrab, T. Corcobadoa, M. M. Haquec, J. J. Diezc and T. Jungde* aIngenierı´aTe´cnica Forestal, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida Virgen del Puerto 2, 10600 Plasencia; bInstituto Agroforestal Mediterra´neo, Universidad Polite´cnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s ⁄ n, 46022 Valencia; cProduccio´n Vegetal y Recursos Forestales, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34071 Palencia, Spain; dPhytophthora Research and Consultancy, Thomastrasse 75, 83098 Brannenburg, Germany; and eCentre for Phytophthora Science and Management, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia Since the mid 2000s extensive mortality of common alder (Alnus glutin- which will allow the administration to adopt proper management osa) has been observed along many rivers of northern Spain (Tuset et al., strategies. 2006). Symptoms include sparse yellowish and small-sized foliage, die- back of branches, increased fruit production and dark-stained necrosis of the bark at the collar and lower stem. These resemble symptoms of the Acknowledgements root and collar rot epidemic of alders which is caused by the different sub- We thank O. Locos and to P. Abad-Campos. Supported by Consejerı´as species of the host-specific pathogen Phytophthora alni and has led to high ECI and IEMA (Junta de Extremadura, III-PRI 08-A78), University of mortality of riparian alders across 14 countries in Western, Central and Valladolid (061 ⁄ 060831), and Ministerio Educacio´ n y Ciencia Northern Europe (Gibbs et al., 2003; Jung & Blaschke, 2004). -
Horaires Des Transports Scolaires Du Secteur De L'alsace Bossue À Compter De Septembre 2013
Horaires des transports scolaires du secteur de l’Alsace Bossue à compter de septembre 2013 1 Préambule Les établissements scolaires du Bas-Rhin sont desservis par 2 types de lignes : - les lignes scolaires dont l’objectif principal est l’acheminement des élèves vers leurs établissements. Ces lignes ne fonctionnent qu’en période scolaire. Ces lignes sont également ouvertes aux non scolaires, dans la limite des places disponibles. - les lignes du Réseau 67 qui transportent aussi bien des scolaires que des non scolaires. Ces lignes fonctionnent généralement en période scolaire et durant les vacances. Certains services peuvent également fonctionner sur réservation préalable (picto ). Pour certains établissements, des renforts scolaires sont mis en place sur les lignes du Réseau 67 afin d’assurer l’acheminement vers les établissements. Ces renforts sont ouverts aux scolaires et aux non scolaires. Desserte des établissements scolaires de : Diemeringen pages 3 à 5 Drulingen pages 6 à 8 Marmoutier page 9 Oermingen page 10 Phalsbourg page 11 à 16 Sarre-Union pages 17 à 22 Saverne pages 23 à 30 2 Desserte du collège de Diemeringen Ligne scolaire 451 ALLER Ligne scolaire 451 RETOUR Commune Point d'arrêt lmmjv Commune Point d'arrêt Me lm-jv OERMINGEN rue de la Mairie 07:20 DIEMERINGEN Collège de l'Eichel 12:00 17:10 DEHLIGEN eglise 07:35 DEHLIGEN Eglise 12:10 17:20 DIEMERINGEN Collège de l'Eichel 07:45 OERMINGEN rue de la Mairie 12:25 17:35 Ligne scolaire 452 ALLER Ligne scolaire 452 RETOUR Commune Point d'arrêt lmmjv Commune Point d'arrêt Me lm-jv VOELLERDINGEN Chapelle 07:35 DIEMERINGEN Collège de l'Eichel 12:00 17:10 DOMFESSEL Eglise 07:38 LORENTZEN Eglise 12:03 17:13 Lotissement 07:40 DOMFESSEL Lotissement 12:05 17:15 LORENTZEN Eglise 07:42 Eglise 12:07 17:17 DIEMERINGEN Collège de l'Eichel 07:45 VOELLERDINGEN Chapelle 12:10 17:20 Nota : les élèves de Lorentzen situés à moins de 3 kilomètres de Diemeringen sont susceptibles d'acheter des billets pour accéder au car. -
Phytophthora Pathogens Threaten Rare Habitats and Conservation Plantings
Phytophthora pathogens threaten rare habitats and conservation plantings Susan J. Frankel1, Janice Alexander2, Diana Benner3, Janell Hillman4 & Alisa Shor5 Abstract Phytophthora pathogens are damaging native wildland vegetation including plants in restoration areas and botanic gardens. The infestations threaten some plants already designated as endangered and degrade high-value habitats. Pathogens are being introduced primarily via container plant nursery stock and, once established, they can spread to adjacent areas where plant species not previously exposed to pathogens may become infected. We review epidemics in California – caused by the sudden oak death pathogen Phytophthora ramorum Werres, De Cock & Man in ‘t Veld and the frst USA detections of P. tentaculata Krber & Marwitz, which occurred in native plant nurseries and restoration areas – as examples to illustrate these threats to conservation plantings. Introduction stock) (Liebhold et al., 2012; Parke et al., Phytophthora (order: Peronosporales; 2014; Jung et al., 2015; Swiecki et al., kingdom: Stramenopila) pathogens 2018b; Sims et al., 2019). Once established, have increasingly been identifed as Phytophthora spp. have the potential associated with plant dieback and to reduce growth, kill and cause other mortality in restoration areas (Bourret, undesirable impacts on a wide variety of 2018; Garbelotto et al., 2018; Sims et al., native or horticultural vegetation (Brasier 2019), threatened and endangered species et al., 2004; Hansen 2007, 2011; Scott & habitat (Swiecki et al., 2018a), botanic Williams, 2014; Jung et al., 2018). gardens and wildlands in coastal California In this review, we focus on the (Cobb et al., 2017; Metz et al., 2017) and consequences of two pathogen southern Oregon (Goheen et al., 2017).