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Bone Healing

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Bone Healing BONE HEALING How Does a Bone Heal? Bone generally takes 6 to 8 weeks ll broken bones go through the to heal to a significant degree. In A same healing process. This general, children's bones heal faster is true whether a bone has been than those of adults. The foot and cut as part of a surgical procedure ankle surgeon will determine when or fractured through an injury. the patient is ready to bear weight The bone healing process Inflammation on the area. This will depend on the has three overlapping stages: location and severity of the fracture, inflammation, bone production, the type of surgical procedure and bone remodeling. performed, and other considerations. • Inflammation starts immediately after the bone is fractured and What Helps Promote lasts for several days. When Bone Healing? the bone is fractured there is If a bone will be cut during a bleeding into the area, leading planned surgical procedure, some to inflammation and clotting of steps can be taken pre-and post- blood at the fracture site. This operatively to help optimize healing. provides the initial structural Bone production The surgeon may offer advice on diet stability and framework for and nutritional supplements that are producing new bone. essential to bone growth. Smoking • Bone production begins when cessation, and adequate control the clotted blood formed by of blood sugar levels in diabetics, inflammation is replaced with are important. Smoking and high fibrous tissue and cartilage glucose levels interfere with bone (known as “soft callus”). As healing. healing progresses, the soft For all patients with fractured callus is replaced with hard bones, immobilization is a critical bone (known as “hard callus”), Bone remodeling part of treatment, because any which is visible on x-rays several movement of bone fragments slows weeks after the fracture. down the initial healing process. • Bone remodeling, the final phase Depending on the type of fracture of bone healing, goes on for How Long Does Bone or surgical procedure, the surgeon several months. In remodeling, Healing Take? may use some form of fixation bone continues to form and Bone healing is a complex process. (such as screws, plates, or wires) becomes compact, returning to its Speed and success differ among on the fractured bone and/or a original shape. In addition, blood individuals. The time required for cast to keep the bone from moving. circulation in the area improves. bone healing can be affected by During the immobilization period, Once adequate bone healing has many factors, including the type of weightbearing is restricted as occurred, weightbearing (such as fracture and the patient's age, instructed by the surgeon. standing or walking) encourages underlying medical conditions, and Once the bone is adequately bone remodeling. nutritional status. healed, physical therapy often plays a key role in rehabilitation. An • Smoking, which constricts the blood How Can Slow Healing exercise program designed vessels and decreases circulation be Treated? for the patient can help in • Medical conditions, such as If the bone is not healing as well regaining strength and balance and diabetes, hormone-related as expected or fails to heal, the foot assist in returning to normal problems, or vascular disease and ankle surgeon can choose from activities. • Some medications, such as a variety of treatment options to corticosteroids and other enhance the growth of bone, such What Can Hinder immunosuppressants as continued immobilization for a Bone Healing? • Fractures that are severe, longer period, bone stimulation, or A wide variety of factors can slow down complicated, or become infected surgery with bone grafting or use the healing process. These include: • Advanced age of bone growth proteins. L • Movement of the bone fragments; • Poor nutrition or impaired weightbearing too soon metabolism ARCpodiatry.com This information has been prepared by the Consumer Education Committee of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons, a professional society of 6,200 foot and ankle surgeons.Members of the College are Doctors of Podiatric Medicine who have received additional training through surgical residency programs. The mission of the College is to promote superior care of foot and ankle surgical patients through education, research and the promotion of the highest professional standards. Copyright © 2008, American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons • www.FootPhysicians.com.
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