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Review of European and National Election Results Update: September 2019 REVIEW OF EUROPEAN AND NATIONAL ELECTION RESULTS UPDATE: SEPTEMBER 2019 A Public Opinion Monitoring Publication REVIEW OF EUROPEAN AND NATIONAL ELECTION RESULTS UPDATE: SEPTEMBER 2019 Directorate-General for Communication Public Opinion Monitoring Unit May 2019 - PE 640.149 IMPRESSUM AUTHORS Philipp SCHULMEISTER, Head of Unit (Editor) Alice CHIESA, Marc FRIEDLI, Dimitra TSOULOU MALAKOUDI, Matthias BÜTTNER Special thanks to EP Liaison Offices and Members’ Administration Unit PRODUCTION Katarzyna ONISZK Manuscript completed in September 2019 Brussels, © European Union, 2019 Cover photo: © Andrey Kuzmin, Shutterstock.com ABOUT THE PUBLISHER This paper has been drawn up by the Public Opinion Monitoring Unit within the Directorate–General for Communication (DG COMM) of the European Parliament. To contact the Public Opinion Monitoring Unit please write to: [email protected] LINGUISTIC VERSION Original: EN DISCLAIMER This document is prepared for, and primarily addressed to, the Members and staff of the European Parliament to assist them in their parliamentary work. The content of the document is the sole responsibility of its author(s) and any opinions expressed herein should not be taken to represent an official position of the Parliament. TABLE OF CONTENTS EDITORIAL 1 1. COMPOSITION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 5 DISTRIBUTION OF SEATS OVERVIEW 1979 - 2019 6 COMPOSITION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT LAST UPDATE (31/07/2019) 7 CONSTITUTIVE SESSION (02/07/2019) AND OUTGOING EP SINCE 1979 8 PROPORTION OF WOMEN AND MEN PROPORTION - LAST UPDATE 02/07/2019 28 PROPORTIONS IN POLITICAL GROUPS - LAST UPDATE 02/07/2019 29 PROPORTION OF WOMEN IN POLITICAL GROUPS - SINCE 1979 30 2. NUMBER OF NATIONAL PARTIES IN THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT CONSTITUTIVE SESSION 31 3. TURNOUT: EE2019 33 TURNOUT IN THE LAST EUROPEAN AND NATIONAL ELECTIONS 34 TURNOUT IN THE EE2019 36 TURNOUT COMPARISON: 2014 - 2019 37 TURNOUT IN THE EE2019 - BREAKDOWN BY GENDER 38 TURNOUT IN THE EE2019 - BREAKDOWN BY AGE 39 TURNOUT OVERVIEW SINCE 1979 40 TURNOUT OVERVIEW SINCE 1979 - BY MEMBER STATE 42 4. NATIONAL RESULTS BY MEMBER STATE 43-315 GOVERNMENTS AND OPPOSITIONS 46 COMPOSITION OF THE EP: 2019 AND LATEST UPDATE POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE EP MEMBERS OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT EE2019 TOTAL RESULTS EE2019 ELECTORAL LISTS RESULTS OF TWO LAST NATIONAL ELECTIONS AND THE EE 2019 DIRECT PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS SOURCES EDITORIAL First published in November 2014, the ‘Review of European and National Elections’ offers a comprehensive, detailed and up-to-date overview on the composition of the European Parliament, recent national elections in all EU Member States as well as a historical overview on forty years of direct elections to the European Parliament since 1979. The current edition, published in September 2019, is the seventh update since the May 2014 European elections, including and building up on the previous updates from July 2015, February 2016, July 2016, January 2017,September 2018 and May 2019. The wealth of data assembled in this Review makes it an invaluable source of information and indeed a reference on the composition and development of the European Parliament and its political groups. HOW THE COMPOSITION OF THE EP HAS CHANGED The present edition documents all changes in the composition of the European Parliament since the 2019 European elections. After the latest European elections, which took place from 23 to 26 May 2019, three major changes in the political groups took place: The EFDD Group, which ended last term with 42 MEPs, ceased to exist on 26 June 2019; ALDE was renamed as Renew Europe on 12 June 2019 and the group Identity and Democracy (ID) was established on 13 June 2019 as the successor of ENF. At Parliament’s constitutive session on 2 July 2019, 748 MEPs took their place in the hemicycle. 461 (62%) of them were newly elected, 287 (38%) returned as re-elected Members. In addition, the constitutive session counted 301 (40.24%) female Members, up from 273 (36.40%) in the outgoing Parliament as established on 18 April 2019. The European Parliament is composed, as of 31 July 2019, of 747 Members: 182 are sitting with the EPP Group, 153 with the S&D Group, 108 are members of Renew Europe, 74 of the Greens/EFA group. 73 Members belong to the ID group, 62 to ECR, 41 to GUE/NGL and 54 Members are Non-Attached. On 31 July 2019, 3 vacant seats in Spain and one in Portugal were counted. HOW THE NUMBER OF NATIONAL PARTIES IN THE EP HAS CHANGED The May 2019 European elections also resulted in a change in the number of political parties represented by MEPs in the European Parliament. As of 31 July 2019, twenty-nine parties had entered the European Parliament for the first time, bringing with the total number of political parties to 195. New political parties in the EP: BE GUE/ NGL: PVDA-PTB, Partij van de Arbeid van België – Parti du Travail de Belgique, founded in 1979. CZ Greens/EFA: Piráti, Česká pirátská strana, founded on 17 June 2009. ID: SPD, Svoboda a přímá demokracie - Tomio Okamura, founded in 2015. DK GUE/ NGL: Ø (EL), Enhedslisten – De Rød-Grønne, founded in 1989. 1 DE Greens/ EFA: Volt Deutschland, part of Volt Europa - founded on 29 March 2017, was established on 3 March 2018. EE ID: EKRE, Eesti Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond, founded in March 2012. IE Greens/ EFA: GP, Green Party - An Comhaontas Glas, founded as the Ecology Party of Ireland in 1981. GUE/ NGL: I4C, Independents for Change, founded in 2014. EL ECR: EL, Elliniki Lisi, founded in 2016. ES Greens/ EFA: Catalunya en Comú, founded in 2016. ECR: VOX, founded on 12 December 2013. FR EPP: Les centristes, created on 10 May 2007. S&D: PP, Place Publique, founded on 10 August 2018. S&D: Nouvelle Donne, created in November 2013. Renew Europe: La République en Marche, founded on 6 April 2016. GUE/ NGL: FI, La France Insoumise, founded in 2016. HR NA: Živi zid, founded on 2 June 2011. LV Renew Europe: Coalition AP! (Latvijas attīstībai + Kustība Par!), created on 20 April 2018. HU Renew Europe: Momentum, Momentum Mozgalom, founded in March 2017. NL EPP: 50+, 50PLUS, founded in 2009. ECR: FvD, Forum voor Democratie, founded in 2016. PL S&D: Wiosna, Wiosna Biedronia, established on 3 February 2019. PT Greens/ EFA: PAN, O Partido das Pessoas, dos Animais e da Natureza, founded on 22 May 2009. RO Renew Europe: USR, Uniunea Salvați România, founded in 2016. SI Renew Europe: LMŠ, Lista Marjana Šarca, established in May 2014. 2 SK EPP: SPOLU, SPOLU - občianska demokracia, founded in 2018. Renew Europe: PS, Progresívne Slovensko, created on 28 November 2017. NA: L’SNS, Kotleba - Ľudová strana Naše Slovensko UK Renew Europe: APNI, Alliance Party of Northern Ireland, founded in 1970. Furthermore, since the previous legislature, fifty-five parties ceased to be represented in the European Parliament: BG: PB CZ: ČSSD, Hnutí Hlas, Svobodní DE: LKR, Bündnis C - Christen für Deutschland EE: Isamaa EL: To Potami, Ellada allos dromos, Laïki Enotita, MeRA25, PAT.RI.E ES: PDeCAT, ICV , BNG, IU/IX, Anova FR: GS, LRG, GC, MR, FG, UOM, DLF, LP, LFL FN HR: GLAS IT: UDC, SI, Articolo 1- MDP, CR LV: LZS LT: TT HU: EGYÜTT-PM, LMP NL: SP, PVV PL: UP, PR, Wolność/Korwin, KNP PT: MPT, PDR RO: UNPR, ALDE Romania, Partidul Prodemo SI: DeSUS, Lista Dr. Igorja Soltesa SK: NOVA SE: FI UK: UUP, SF, SDP, UKIP 3 COMPARATIVE RESULTS PER COUNTRY The current update also covers the latest national and presidential elections held in the Member States since the previous legislature. In the fourteen countries where presidential elections were held by direct universal suffrage (BG, CZ, IE, FR, HR, CY, LT, AT, PL, PT, RO, SI, SK, FI), the results are presented before the sources. In the EU, since May 2019 there have been: - Three general elections: BE, DK, EL - One presidential election by direct universal suffrage: LT For each Member State, the available data is presented in tables in the following structure: Results of the 2019 European elections for the parties represented in the EP and situation as updated until 31 July 2019; Names and acronyms of the parties represented in the EP during this time; Names of Members, their eventual replacements and change of political/group affiliation; Overall results of all candidate lists in the 2019 European elections; Names and acronyms of all these candidate lists; Results of the last two legislative elections and the 2019 European elections; Sources 4 COMPOSITION 1 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT DISTRIBUTION OF SEATS IN THE EP OVERVIEW 1979 - 2019 COMPOSITION OF THE EP LAST UPDATE (31/07/2019) CONSTITUTIVE SESSION (02/07/2019) AND OUTGOING EP SINCE 1979 PROPORTION OF WOMEN AND MEN IN THE EP PROPORTION - LAST UPDATE CONSTITUTIVE SESSION PROPORTION IN POLITICAL GROUPS - LAST UPDATE CONSTITUTIVE SESSION PROPORTION OF WOMEN IN POLITICAL GROUPS - SINCE 1979 5 DISTRIBUTION OF SEATS IN THE EP OVERVIEW 1979 - 2019 Dec. Country 1979* 1981 1984* 1987 1989* 1994* 1995 1999* 2004* 2007 2009* 2013*** 2014* 2019* 2009** DE 81 81 81 81 81 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 96 96 FR 81 81 81 81 81 87 87 87 78 78 72 74 74 74 74 BE 24 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 24 24 22 22 22 21 21 IT 81 81 81 81 81 87 87 87 78 78 72 73 73 73 73 LU 666666666666666 NL 25 25 25 25 25 31 31 31 27 27 25 26 26 26 26 UK 81 81 81 81 81 87 87 87 78 78 72 73 73 73 73 IE 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 DK 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 14 14 13 13 13 13 13 EL 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 24 24 22 22 22 21 21 ES 60 60 64 64 64 54 54 50 54 54 54 54 PT 24 24 25 25 25 24 24 22 22 22 21 21 SE 22 22 19 19 18 20 20 20 20 AT 21 21 18 18 17 19 19 18 18 FI 16 16 14 14 13 13 13 13 13 CZ 24 24 22 22 22 21 21 EE 6666666 CY 6666666 LV 9989988 LT 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 HU 24 24 22 22 22 21 21 MT 5556666 PL 54 54 50 51 51 51 51 SI 7778888 SK 14 14 13 13 13 13 13 RO 35 33 33 33 32 32 BG 18 17 18 18 17 17 HR 12 11 11 EU 410 434 434 518 518 567 626 626 732 785 736 754 766 751 751 * European elections.
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