14410 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 14, 1975 competition in the energy industry, and for Mr. SoLARZ, Mr. STARK, Mr. THOMP­ that House conferees may conduct business other purposes; jointly to the Committees SON, and Mr. WAXMAN): only at conference meetings open to the pub­ on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, and H. Con. Res. 281. Concurrent resolution lic; to the Committee on Rules. the Judiciary. expressing the sense of the Congre-ss that By Mr. MIKVA (for himself, Mr. By Mr. KEMP (for h1msel! and Mr. during the Nation's present economic crisis, FREY, Mr. FRENZEL, Mr. BAUCUS, Mrs. MONTGOMERY) : and so long as the national unemployment FENWICK, Mr. FISHER, Mr. FORD of H.J. Res. 457. Joint resolution relating to rate reinains at 6 percent or more, the emer­ Tennessee, Mr. FORSYTHE, Mr. obtaining a full and accurate accounting for gency unemployment program established FRASER, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. GRADISON, members of the U.S. Armed Forces missing by the Emergency Jobs and Unemployment Mr. GUDE, Mr. HAGEDORN, Mr. HAR­ 1n action in Southeast Asia and U.S. con­ Assistance Act of 1974 should be extended KIN, Mr. HARRIS, Mr. KETCHUM Mrs. tribution to the United Nations; to the Com­ to continue benefits for involuntarily u.nr­ KEYs, Mr. KINDNEss, Mr. KocH:, Mr. mittee on International Relations. employed individuals when 25-percent or KREBs, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. LEH­ By Mr. RAILSBACK: more of workers entitled to compensation MAN, Mr. LENT, Mr. LONG of Mary­ H.J. Res. 458. Joint resolution designating thereunder are unable to find jobs dur.ing land, and Mr. McCLOSKEY) : the composition known as The Stars and the period for which they are eligible for H. Res. 466. Resolution to amend the Rules Stripes Forever as the national march of the benefits; to the Committee on Ways and of the House of Representatives to provide United States; to the Committee on Post Means. that House conferees may conduct business Office and Civil Service. By Mr. FLOOD (for himself, Mr. AN­ only at conference meetings open to the pub­ By Mr. WHITEHURST: DERSON Of Gallfornia, Mr. BARRETT, lic; to the Committee on Rules. H.J. Res. 459. Joint resolution to authorize Mr. BEARD of Rhode Island, Mr. the return of the remains of Pocahontas to DINGELL, Mr. ElLBERG, Mr. EviNS Of the United States and the establishment of Tennessee, Mr. HANNAFORD, Mr. PRIVATE BilLS AND RESOLUTIONS an appropriate memorial commemorating her McEWEN, Mr. MOORE, Mr. MOLLOHAN, place in American history; to the Committee Mr. SIKEs, Mr. RosE, Mr. WoLFF, and Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private on Interior and Insular Affairs. Mr. ZEFERETTI) : bills and resolutions were introduced and By Mr. WYLIE: H. Res. 463. Resolution in support of con­ severally referred as follows: H.J. Res. 460. Joint resolution proposing tinued undiluted U.S. soverignty and juris­ By Mr. SHRIVER: an amendment to the Constitution of the diction over the U.S.-owned Canal Zone on H.R. 7013. A bill for the relief of tenants United States with respect to the offering the Isthmus of Panaina; to the Committee of Scully lands in Marion County, Kans.; to of prayer in public buildings; to the Com­ on International Relations. the Committee on the Judiciary. mittee on the Judiciary. By Mr. MIKVA (for himself, Mr. FREY, By Mr. HAGEDORN: By Mr. DU PONT: Mr. FRENZEL, Mr. BAUCUS, Mr. H. Res. 467. Resolution to refer H.R. 6948 H. Con. Res. 278. Concurrent resolution ABDNOR, Mr. BADILLO, Mr. BURGENER, "A bill for the relief of Robert H. Carleton," expressing the sense of Congress concerning Mr. BEDELL, J.l..fr. BEARD of Rhode Is­ to the Chief Commissioner of the Court ot recognition by th~ European Security Con­ land, Mrs. BURKE of California, Mr. Claiins pursuant to sections 1492 and 2509 ference of the Soviet Union's occupation of BLOUIN, Mr. BONKER, Mr. BAFALIS, of title 28, United States Code; to the Com­ Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania; to the Com­ Mr. BLANCHARD, Mr. CARR, Mr. CLEVE­ mittee on the Judiciary. mittee on International Relations. LAND, Mr. COCHRAN, Mr. CONABLE, By Mr. RANGEL: Mr. CONYERS, Mr. COUGHLIN, Mr. H. Con. Res. 279. Concurrent resolution DowNEY of , Mr. DUPoNT, PETITIONS, ETC. elimination of illegal drug traffic; jointly to Mr. EDGAR, Mr. EMERY, and Mr. the Committees on Interstate and Foreign FASCELL): Under clause 1 of rule XXII: Commerce, and International Relations. H. Res. 464. Resolution to amend the Rules 123. The SPEAKER presented a petition of By Mr. ROYBAL: of the House of Representatives to provide the Rhode Island League of Cities and Towns, H. Con. Res. 280. CoillCurrent resolution that House conferees may conduct business Providence, R.I., relative to general revenue expressing the sense of the Congress with only at conference meetings open to the pub­ sharing; which was referred to the Com­ respect to the establishment of a Federal lic; to the Committee on Rules. mittee on Government Operations. Audiovisual Procurement Office; to the Com­ By Mr. MIKVA (for himself, Mr. mittee on Government Operations. FREY, Mr. FRENZEL, Mr. BAUCUS, Mr. By Mr. VANDER VEEN (for himself, MAZZOLI, Mr. MITCHELL of New York, AMENDMENTS Mr. MoTTL, Mr. OTTINGER, Mr. PATTI­ Mr. BEARD of Rhode Island, Mr. 6 BLANCHARD, Mr. CARNEY, Ms. CHIS­ SON of New York, Mr. QUIE, Mr. RoN­ Under clause of rule xxm, pro­ HOLM, Mrs. COLLINS Of illinois, Mr. CALIO, Mr. ROSENTHAL, Mr. RYAN, posed amendments were submitted as CONYERS, Mr. COTI'ER, Mr. DIGGS, Mr. Mr. ScHEUER, Mr. SoLARZ, Mrs. SPELL­ follows: DUNCAN Of Tennessee, Mr. FORD of MAN, Mr. STARK, Mr. STUDDS, Mr. H.R. 6674 Michigan, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. HAR­ • WAXMAN, Mr. CHARLES WILSON of By Mrs. SCHROEDER: RINGTON, Mr. HAWKINS, Mr. HECHLER Texas, and Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON Page 2, line 9, strike out "$4,445,250,000" of West Virginia, Mr. HICKS, Mr. of California): and insert "$4,200,000,000". MITCHELL of Maryland, Mr. NIX, Mr. H. Res. 465. Resolution to amend the Rules Page 2, line 17, strike out "$886,300,000" RoDINO, Mr. ROONEY, Mr. RoSENTHAL, of the House of Representatives to provide and insert "$871,300,000".

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS USDA AND HEW-TANDEM WELFARE billion as compared to a total fiscal 1974 their way through a bureaucratic morass. PROGRAMS cost of $2.9 billion. Can we be surprised at the high error It is difficult to comprehend that rate when welfare workers and em­ only a decade ago when the Food Stamp ployees must perform two differ and HON. JAKE GARN Act was enacted, recipients numbered a complicated procedures for processing OF UTAH mere 367,000 at a cost to the American applications. Two separate bureaucracies IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES people of $26 million. Now there are 52 running welfare programs is one bu­ persons receiving food stamps for every reaucracy too many. Wednesday, May 14, 1975 one who began when the legislation was Had food stamps met its original objec­ Mr. GARN. Mr. President, the Depart­ enacted. tives, it might not have grown to its ment of Health, Education, and Welfare As our depressed economy pushes the present proportions. The program started last week reported that the Nation's rolls of welfare and food stamp recipients in the early 1960's was a small program welfare rolls now total a near record every skyward, a two-headed monster is with basically a twofold purpose. There 11,147,071, a figure only 8,888 below the rearing its head. Food stamps has be­ was a problem of agricultural over­ all-time peak in 1973. This nwnber, come another variety of a welfare pro­ production and food stamps was viewed staggering though it may be, no longer gram. What this means is that two giant as a vehicle to help the small farmer by represents the largest Government as­ bureaucracies in Washington-HEW and raising the price of farm commodities sistance program for the poor. Striding USDA-are running parallel welfare by. distributing farm food surpluses out in front we now find the food stamp programs. through normal food outlets while at the program, which aided 19.1 million par­ This situation is fundamental to many same time raising the nutrition levels of ticipants in March. Translated into of the problems which plague the overall the truly needy. dollars for fiscal 1975, the projected welfare system of our Nation today. There is little evidence that the pro­ "{t'ederal cost of food stamps is conserva­ Local welfare officers who must admin­ gram has succeeded on either count. As ,tively estimated at approximately $5 ister both programs are having to thread far as helping poor farmers is concerned, May 14, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14411 I am certain my colleagues hear the But at worst, we have diminished the for gross negligence, malfeasance in same cries I do from the farmers in their American sense of pride and self-reli­ ofiice, and conspiracy to obstruct justice. own States who complain that they re­ ance. ceive only a small percentage of the retail price. The majority of the retail food dollar is not received by the THE SITUATION OF HUNGARIANS IN ROMANIA farmer but is siphoned off to pay for U.S. PROSECUTORS SHOULD BE transportation, processing, and so forth. PROSECUTED Very little of this supposed increase in retail sales caused by food stamps goes HON. JOSEPH P. ADDABBO into the pockets of the farmer. OF NEW YORK The second objective of the program HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF MISSOURI has failed more dramatically than the Wednesday, May 14, 1975 first. For a program designed to improve IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the nutrition level of the needy, there Wednesday, May 14, 1975 Mr. ADDABBO. Mr. Speaker, between is little, if anything in this program 1965 and 1968, I have often spoken about which requires or encourages the pur­ Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, some months the discrimination and harassment ex­ chase of nutritional foods. Recipients ago, the Justice Department injudici­ erted by the Romanian Government may use their stamps to purchase steak ously without a shred of evidence began against its almost 2.5 million Hungarian instead of hamburger or a convenience an investigation of me for narcotics minm;ity, concentrated mostly in Tran­ food instead of pot roast when nutri­ trafiicking or association at least with sylvania. tional benefits may be equivalent; or they those who were so involved. Now, as the After remaining stationarY for several may shop at costly convenience markets facts rapidly unfold detailing the Gov­ years, the situation started to worsen instead of regular supermarkets. In fact, ernment's complete lack of a case in­ again since the spring of 1974 and the there is evidence that less nutritional volving me, it becomes evident that the events force me and my colleagues to but more palatable commodities are oc­ Justice Department is investigating the raise our voices. A special poignancy is casionally substituted for what should be wrong party. The real culprit in this lent to the question by the Presidential essential foods. whole travesty is U.S. Prosecutor Liam proclamation of last week sent to the The incidence of malnutrition above S. Coonan. Mr. Coonan, a much deco­ Congress for approval. This proclama­ the poverty line should be sufficient proof rated and highly praised criminal strike tion awards the most-favored-nation that income supplementation in the form force prosecutor apparently lacks the status to Romania. of food stamps will not eradicate or even character, integrity, and moral rectitude Unfortunately, the performance of Ro­ reduce malnutrition. If we are truly necessary to determine the fate of those mania in the fields of human and civil concemed about nutrition we should seek rightly or wrongly accused of Federal rights is a poor one. The educational sit­ out alternatives such as educating the crimes. If his aggressive attempts to uation of the Hungarian minority on the poor on the importance of nutrition or manufacture false evidence against me secondarY and university level is grossly actually lowering the cost of nutrition are typical of his prosecutorial modus inadequate and university graduates are to those individuals whose diets are operandi, then many persons in prison scattered nationwide into purely Ro­ deficient. now should be released immediately. manian areas, facts admitted by our Food stamps has failed to serve its two Mr. Speaker, this man has acquitted State Department. masters. The decrease in malnutrition himself as ruthlessly and irresponsibly Job discrimination continues unabated has only been slight in the last 5 years as a little man with big powers possibly as some new testimonies of recently emi­ in spite of a 400-percent increase in can. He has been accused of attempting grated people show which are attached Federal food assistance programs. to create a narcotics case against me by to the speech of the distinguished gen­ Our welfare and health care systems offering to drop charges against those tleman from New Jersey (Mr. PATTEN). are administrative nightmares leading awaiting trial and to reduce sentences Lately the rich archival and library us down the road to bankruptcy. The for those already convicted if they would materials of the churches which contain costs of these programs to the American just implicate me in a drug-related much of the historical record of the Hun­ taxpayer exceed the entire budget of all crime. But apparently Mr. Coonan has garians who had ruled the province of but a few countries. New York alone found that even convicted felons are Transylvania for almost 1,000 years is spends more for public assistance than more honorable than some of those who being made inaccessible. A law was the gross national product of some convicted them. passed in October 1974 which transfers medium-sized countries. Mr. Speaker, it is my belief that Mr. into state archives and museums all art It appears that Congress has long since Coonan ought to be investigated. The At­ objects. records, books, letters, archival forgotten that there is a practical limit torney General ought to appoint a Spe­ materials, and documents which are over to the growth of the Federal Govern­ cial Prosecutor to carefully analyze cases 40 years old and could be of importance ment's role in domestic assistance pro­ prosecuted by Liam Coonan for the pur­ to the historY of the people of Romania. grams. If these programs continue to pose of determining the validity of the As there are no qualified archivists who expand unchecked, total Government evidence, whether or not it was legally read Hungarian, Latin, and classical spending will grow to more than half obtained and whether or not it was fab­ Greek, the materials would not be cata­ of our national output. I need not in­ ricated or falsified. loged and made accessible to scholars sult my distinguished colleagues by ex­ I am not nearly as concerned about the and are even in the danger of partial plaining how this spending will be frivolous charges made against me as I destruction. financed. And as our capital markets are am about those less able to defend them­ Even in Hungarian majority areas drained, less and less will be left for selves. I have certain resources at my local, state, and county officials are private industry and for new productivity disposal that most Americans do not. In mostly Romanian, especially on the to create the jobs we need. addition, my entire career has been one higher echelons. The distinguished gen­ The growth of our domestic assistance of fighting the degenerate exploiters in tleman from Indiana

on the tennis court, as the song says, I shall ness the subject of Blackness in America and and sweat. If mankind is to be fed, sheltered, Overcome! Jewlshness in me have been determinative clothed and its dependents cared for the Ten years ago tonight I spoke in this room. facts of my life. I have had to struggle long world needs increasingly all the fully devel­ My theme was Hope. Two old friends were on and hard and confessedly with only partial oped sktlls of all of its people. Let there be the dais: one the grandson of slaves, the success first to understand the paradox of no impediment to development or placement other of Confederate veterans. Each had discrimination in what was said to be free­ on the grounds of race; let there be careful fought publlcly for the Civil Rights Act of dom's home and to overcome racial prejudice reexamination of all traditions in respect of 1964. The friends were Rev. Martin Luther in myself while demanding that everyone entrance and quallflcation to opportunity; King, Jr., and Mayor Ivan Alan, Jr., both of treat me, a Jew, equally. let there be affirmative efforts to move the Atlanta. Though I make no claim to have been disadvantaged forward, with "disadvantaged.. Now, Martin King Jr. has been dead for either miraculously exempt from, or im­ defined without regard to race, color, creed almost a decade though h1s spirit and re­ munized against, endemic racism in America, or national origin. For 89 years, from 1865 demptive message are imperishable. His I can assert that my pure self-interest and to 1954, people such as those on this Dais personal qualities and examples abide with that of every American, demands that the fought to make this nation's economic, so­ us in the continuing Ufe of his father who Black, Chicano, Puerto Rican and the im­ cial and political eyesight color and religious does us the honor of coming here tonight poverished of all groups be brought into the blind and urged the Fourteenth Amendment from Atlanta. main stream of American opportunity. to the Constitution as support for this equal­ The ten years which have passed ravaged This has not proved to be easy, even when tartan principle. I think that anyone who, many hopes but they have also brought the historic sufferers have stood shoulder to on the grounds of expediency, opportunism forth a new group of leaders in the forefront, shoulder. It wlll be impossible, if instead of or frustration, seeks today· to justify the one of whom is my friend and my brother in making common cause against the enemies classification of Americans on the grounds of every confidence and dream-Vernon Jordan, of justice, we engage in common squabbles race is making a serious strategic mistake Jr. amongst ourselves. which, if successful, may some day haunt In such a setting I thought I could discuss But as one swallow does not make a spring, us all. a thorny but important question: Black­ one feature story in the New York Times does Finally, on this point, I believe that the Jewish relations. I do so in full awareness not paper over dlfierences of views. Where degree and intensity of affirmative action that there are many views to this question these exist between Jew and Black they should depend on the history and pattern of and that my own, as so many of mine on should be frankly addressed, the common discrimination in the particular profession, other issues change with times and circum­ ground found, occupied and seeded and the industry or institution involved. The remedy stances. divergent views not ploughed under, but re­ should be of a dosage applicable to the First, I would note that the subject pre­ spectfully exposed and explored. malaise. On such grounds perhaps the plumb­ occupies what would seem to be an inordinate I should like to explore briefly as examples ers may be properly the subject of more vig­ amount of thought, time and discussion in a three important current issues: orous efforts than the United automobile workers. nation in which both Blacks and Jews are BLACKS AND ISRAEL ffitimately, an overpopulated hungry and distinct minorities. In a nation of ethnic Many Jews have been misled into a belief groups we seldom think of English-Italian, depleted world is going to require the full that Black support for Israel is almost non­ efforts of all of its people at their highest Ilrsh-German, Chicano-Puerto Rican rela­ existent. First, there is very little evidence tions. Nor do we with much frequency or performance levels-a necessity which meets that support for the security and independ­ also the demands of justice. intensity analyze Jewish-Italian, or Jewish­ ence of Israel as a Jewish state has appreci­ Puerto Rican or Jewish relations with any ably d.iminished overall in the United States CRIME IN THE STREETS other ethnic group. in the white or Black communities. Second, No issue provokes more emotions, creates The subject 1s apparently one of signi­ there is no question where the Vernon Jar­ more fears, and evokes more racist feelings cance to Jews, to Blacks and to the thinking dans, Roy Wilkins, A. Phtllp Randolphs, Bay­ than urban violence. This is surely not an pubUc. ard Rustins and the King family stand on issue in which there is any special Black­ Recently, the New York Times, in a much this question. Third, there is a circle of Black Jewish relationship except that of proximity heralded article, announced that "Blacks and young and Black intellectuals who spout non­ in certain communities. The victims of ur­ Jews Were Drawing Closer Again," citing sense about a victimed Third World and ban crimes of violence tend disproportion­ supporting comment from Jews and Blacks, would have us believe that these 40 or so na­ ately to be Black and the incidence of violent including an editorial from the Amsterdam tions are being threatened and oppressed by crime is growing faster (but from a lower News which was hailed as a harbinger of a the beleaguered Uttle State of Israel. As a base line) in the suburbs than in the cen­ spring of understanding and cooperation personal note, I heard these absurdities in tral city. If violent crime in which the Black following a winter of vague discontent. the late 1960s from the children of middle man is involved has any confrontational im­ Black-Jewish relations preoccupy many class whites-some of whom were Jewish. It plications, it must, at least on statistics, be leaders and thinkers simply because they are made no sense when the oil gorged states of perceived primarily as a Black attack on important to the social and political health the Middle East could be classlfled amongst Black. The 1973 FBI Uniform Crime Reports of this country and to its progress towards the oppressed of the earth and today, when lists Blacks as victims of 52% of the murders justice. on is more precious than gold, it is an exer­ in the U.S. and as perpetrators of approxi­ Jews and Blacks historically have been cise in Orwellian doublethink. But Black or mately the same percentage of homicides. vulnerable people. The state of their security white young or old, uneducated or intellec­ I am not attempting to analyze the root can almost be said to serve as barometric tual, anyone who is willing to sacrifice demo­ causes of rising crime except to assert that measures of the social climate. When the cratic Israel to Arab tyrants and oligarchs it is not manifest of racial feeling and cer­ state trespasses on the Uberty of the Jew, the is not a fighter for freedom or a friend of tainly not of anti-semitism. But I am surely freedom of all is soon in perU; when jobless­ Jews or Blacks who overwhelmingly desire not attempting to minimize the dreadful ness of the Black (always higher than that and treasure freedom. effects that urban violence has had on race relations in general. Violence, as much as of the general public) begins to escalate, you EQUAL OPPORTUNITY, QUOTAS, AFFmMATIVE can be sure that the economy is on the sUde any other factor, has throttled down the en­ ACTION, LAISSEZ-FAmE gines of racial and economic progress and in and even Chrysler will be in trouble. I have tried by the use of the above catch One reason Jewish-Black relations are im­ some instances thrown them violently into words to indicate that one of the most con­ reverse. portant is that both are an urban people. troversial and divisive subjects in the Black­ Blacks are only recently so. In 1910, 27.4% The violence of which I speak may well Jewish dialogue has come about because the have social and economic roots. But in the of the Black population was urban compared issues have been generally poorly defined, with a corresponding white figure of 48.7%. words of the Black intellectual, Orlando and catch words have been used in place of Patterson: "Gone now are the epic riots By 1960, fully 73.2% of the Black population logic. No one opposes equal opportunity: was urban, well ahead of the white percent­ which at least had some meaning and re­ How can she? :tiected a certain hope, even in their flames, age which stood at 65.5%. By the 1980s, the No one really believes that under so-called Black population wUI be almost entirely since they were at least spontaneous group laissez-faire--a regulation free society­ expression of outrage and clearly recogniz­ urban, which is substantially true of the merit always triumphed either at the Har­ able deprivations. The mood o:f violence has Jewish population. The points of interaction vard Admissions Committee or at the Chase and contact between Jew and Black are shifted from the collective to the individual Bank. But quota ls a chilling level, from the socially understandable to the therefore maximal. word to a. Jew and the prospect of hire by level of private criminallty." Jews and Blacks have had a conspicuous quota for all types of jobs at all levels should And here I might add that individual relationship during a period stlll fresh in be frightening to anyone who rides over a criminals who find it convenient or stimu­ memories of both people when their leaders bridge built by engineers, up an elevator lating to band together under an imposing fought side by side in the civil rights struggle checked by technicians, submits to anaes­ shibboleth or banner do not reverse that of the 1960s and in some cases even long be­ thesia or pays money to go to a university. process ... crime is always a non-nego­ fore. For all these reasons and more, the sub­ Nature has not been overly generous-not, tiable demand for society's capitulation. ject is relevant to all. It certainly is to me. at least, since before Adam and Eve were Now private criminality no doubt has its From the very beginning of my conscious- driven from the Garden and ordered to work own causes and explanations. but no society

- -· -- May 14, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14433 that wishes to remain such can let the BASIC QUESTIONS IN OIL PRICING billion barrels of additional oil may be search for a long range cure interfere with LEGISLATION derived from more expensive tertiary re­ the ab111ty of the state to protect the vic­ covery techniques alone. ExactlY what tims from the victimizers. The America we price levels will bring on each of these have cherished will not be the same if we HON. TIMOTHY E. WIRTH have to walt until its social inequities are sources remains in doubt. However, ex­ straightened out before criminal violence is OF COLORADO perts at both the Brookings Institution brought within tolerable limits. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and FEA, for example, suggest that by In the fight to drive the rate down to these Wednesday, May 14, 1975 1985 a $12.50 as opposed to a $8 domestic limits, police, courts, jails all have their price would result in some 4 million addi­ place, but tonight I would like to suggest Mr. Wffi,TH. Mr. Speaker, members tional barrels of domestic production another weapon-perhaps as powerful as any of the Energy and Power Subcommittee daily. and the least used of all-peer and com­ under the able direction of Chairman Second. If choices are to be made be­ munity resistance, and condemnation. JoHN DINGELL have been studying the tween expensive foreign oil and equally Whatever else private criminality is-and issue of oil pricing in great detail for that is what Patterson called it-it is often expensive domestic oil, then there is associated with the private acquisitive in­ several months. I would like to share greater economic benefit to be derived stinct whether the person is robbed on a with other Members of the House what from the employment and investment street or in a nursing home. Nursing home I feel are the eight critical questions associated with the domestic oil produc­ operators who steal and are exposed, as they which surround the issue of oil prices. tion. This is especially true if one's goal should be, lose caste and status in their com­ These eight questions formed the basis is to avoid dependence on foreign oil munities. Community pressure against them of my inquiry into the subject; determin­ beyond certain levels. may ultimately be one of the strongest ing the best response in each area will, weapons in the arsenal for the reform of the Third. Even in the face of artificial nursing home industry. I believe, make clear to Members the prices generated by the OPEC cartel, the I know firsthand that violence on the course we ·should follow with respect to price mechanism and market forces will campus stopped when some faculty and stu­ the price of oil. I should like now to pose produce a more e:tlicient allocation of re­ dent leaders decided that enough was these questions and discuss each briefly: sources than will a regulatory mecha­ enough. Though the worst and most dis­ BASIC QUESTIONS IN On. PRICING LEGISLATION nism; governmental policy goals in this graceful phase of the United States involve­ 1. Maximum Production: What price and area are best administered through the ment in the Southeast Asian war occurred during the Christmas bombing of 1972, tax incentives are required to maximize tax system. It should be understood that, scarcely a bottle was thrown into a single domestic petroleum production? on this question, price controls are a 2. world Price and Foreign Supply: What second-best alternative. window in an American university. pricing and tax policy is most likely to University presidents in 1969 could stand achieve the greatest overall success in lower­ WORLD PRICE AND FOREIGN SUPPLY up to the student arsonists and murderers, Two basic schools of thought exist re­ but this did no good as long as some facul­ ing world petroleum prices? ties and student leaders could only bring 3. Conservation: What pricing and tax pol­ garding how to influence the world oil themselves to deplore violence in the context icy is likely to produce needed conservation price. One school contends that the cur­ of an expression of a profound and sympa­ with minimum amounts of economic dis­ rent world price is essentially a "politi­ thetic understanding of the causes that sup­ ruption? cal" price administered by the OPEC posedly provoked it. Violence-prone stu­ 4. Consumer Protection: What pricing and cartel and relatively immune to economic · dents got the message loud and clear. The tax strategy can achieve 1, 2, and 3 above, without imposing intolerable burdens on forces. The other contends that the world signal was implicit--condonation accom­ price for oil is a product of both economic panled by a mild tap on the wrist with a consumers? wink of tacit camaraderie. So the violence 5. Employment: What pricing and tax and political forces. For those holding the festered and grew and did not abate until strategy can achieve its goals while maxi­ latter view, a further disagreement exists peer moral and common sense pressure mizing opportunities for domestic employ­ with respect to whether greater influence changed the mood of the community and ment and stable economic growth? can be achieved through a determination then it stopped. And there may be some 6. Administrative Efficiency and Simplic­ to hold domestic prices down or through parallels in this experience with the current ity: What pricing and tax policy offers the a policy of allowing them to rise. wave of urban violence: When a community prospect of maximum production, conser­ vation, consumer protection and economic If the world price is subject to eco­ has had enough; when it wishes to fully co­ if operate with the police and the courts; when stab111ty with the least amount of adminis­ nomic infiuences, and higher domestic it truly wishes to become its neighbor's trative cost of complexity and economic prices can cause greater production and keeper; when it speaks through its natural dislocation? conservation in the United States, the leaders--and this must include its elected 7. Political Viability: Given the urgency of combined effect should be a downward officials--and says it has had enough, the putting into effect a national energy policy, pressure on world oil prices due to re­ rate may well taper off. what pricing and tax strategy holds the duced demand for foreign oil. I am not asking-no fair man could-that greatest promise of winnlng the early ap­ If, on the other hand, the world price community leaders relent one whit in their proval of the Congress and the Executive, is now more subject to "political" than attacks on poverty, ignorance, disease and and the support of the consuming and pro­ racism, but let none ever couple these in ducing public? economic infiuences, the case can be discussing private criminality so that the 8. Oil Company Profits and Industry made that adoption of a strategy of signal of indignation is confused by over­ Structure: What regulatory and tax strategy higher domestic prices linked with the tones of condonation. . . . Let us never will serve to ma.xl.mize industry competition mandatory conservation measures now again offer a sociological :flag as refuge for and minimize opportunities for market ma.­ likely to be enacted would constitute a the scoundrel. nlpulation by the industry? strong signal to other oil-producing na­ The problems of the mid-1970s are not MAXIMUM PRODUCTION tions that we have the political will and those of the mid-1960s. I am not optimistic about the same things in the 1970s as I was U.S. production of petroleum has been strength to impose sacrifices on our­ a decade ago. The problems are different, declining rapidly in recent years. There selves and resist the pressure to pay the mood is changed, the evils to be over­ is general agreement that virtuallY all higher prices on larger and larger come are even more complex and intract­ of the cheap and readily accessible oil amounts of foreign oil. Moving to a strat­ able. Yet I still am optimistic and hopeful. and gas has already been found. While egy of higher domestic oil prices will If one values a society, as I do ours, despair the exact extent of price elasticity with make clear that unless world prices drop, is a closed option no matter how difHcult our respect to energy supply remains a sub­ the global surplus will grow and revenues problems may be or how seductive are the ject of debate, there is nearly universal of OPEC and other producers will Siren songs of cynicism. Rather, one must agreement on three points: decline. work to improve and change. An America CONSERVATION which faced the cataclysmic fall from opu­ First. Currently, domestic production is declining and will continue to do so in Whether or not the price mechanism lence, optimism and innocence in the '30, be then experienced a dreadful generation of the immediate future. However, substan­ can or should used as a conservation war, and then overcame the legalized racism tial increases in supplies from new explo­ device is a matter of considerable debate. of 300 years and has just accepted defeat in ration and from enhanced recovery Yet most economists are in agreement an unjust war with a sigh of national relief, might well be brought on by higher that permitting the price of domestic surely has the energy and maturity to solve prices. For example, both private and :Petroleum products to reach the world its present quotient of problems. public estimates suggest some 50 to 60 price level would produce some domestic 14434 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 14, 1975 energy saving, especially within the in­ ADMINISTRATIVE EFFICIENCY through either antitrust action altered dustrial sector where a number of indus­ Marked differences in administrative tax policies, or Government ~versight tries have already shown a marked ca­ efficiency and complexity exist between actions constitutes a central part of an pacity to respond to higher prices by a system of price controls and a system overall national energy policy. What re­ increasing efficiency. For 1985, for ex­ of taxes administered on market sales. mains is that the industry cannot be de­ ample, FEA analysis projects a difference The current two-tiered system for oil pended upon to police itself with regard in consumption level on the order of mil­ prices and the attendant system of re­ to either monopoly pricing or hoarding lions of barrels per day, depending on fining entitlements would become more of supplies. whether prices are at $7 or $11 per barrel. complex and less efficient under the more The principle that price can and elaborate system of controlled prices now should be used as a conservation device proposed by some. While these proposals has already received endorsement by the represent an improvement over the sta­ COMMUNIST TACTICS AND THE Ways and Means Committee with its gas­ tus quo because of their stimulus to new DOMINO THEORY IN LAOS oline tax. The potential for conservation production and conservation, these gains achieved through price strategies is dem­ are significantly undermined by a yet onstrated not only by the experience of more dense set of price tiers and atten­ HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL other countries-especially in Europe-­ dant requirements for offset agreements. OF ILLINOIS but also by the dramatic response of The Wall Street Journal recently set IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES American consumers to the lower oper­ these costs at a level near $10 billion for ating costs of foreign automobiles. the current, more simple system. While Wednesday, May 14, 1975 CONSUMER PROTECTION no one should believe that a windfall Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, recent One of the most difficult aspects of the profits tax on oil revenues would itself be events in Southeast Asia, if they have debate over price policy for oil is the a simple thing, such a tax would permit done nothing else, should have put to seeming dilemma that the cost of more the elimination of a substantial set of rest two very popular but totally specious expensive energy typically is most heav­ administrative procedures now required myths of recent years. ily borne by the lower-income individ­ by the FEA. Under price controls the The first is that coalition governments uals and the marginal institutions least cost of these administl.'ative procedures in which Communists take part can en­ able to pay. Conservation brought on by and inefficiencies must be added to the dure. The sad reports from Laos give the higher prices will, in the absence of off­ costs which consumers ultimately pay. lie to that argument anew, although it setting measures, impact disproportion­ Under a system of market prices, taxes, must be said that almost 60 years of em­ ately on low-income consumers. Their and rebates, the existing ms bureauc­ pirical evidence should have disposed of discretionary spending on energy is rel­ racy assumes the responsibility. it long ago. Ever since the ill-fated Mr. atively small; but energy as a necessity POLITICAL VIABILITY Kerensky attempted to form a coalition takes a far greater part of their dispos­ Widespread agreement exists on the government in St. Petersburg, Russia, in able income. need for a rapid establishment of a com­ 1917, the record clearly shows that not Since most measures now under con­ prehensive energy policy. Guidelines one such coalition has survived for very sideration contemplate some increase in with respect to oil and gas prices lie at long. energy costs, the issue seems to be how the core of such a comprehensive policy. This historical record has grave im­ best to offset these costs for unprotected Delay in resolving the pricing issue oc­ plications for us today, not only in Asia, and highly vulnerable consumers. Pro­ casions delay in every other facet of en­ but in such places as Portugal as well, posals calling for controlled prices at ergy planning. and those who concern themselves with higher levels fail to make any provision In choosing between pricing strategies, American foreign policy would do well for the consumer; this is especially true therefore, every consideration should be to bear it in mind. where such higher prices are permitted given to selection of a price strategy The second myth is that the domino for larger and larger amounts of previ­ which can win support in both Houses theory was foolish and invalid. Indeed, ously controlled oil. While it is nearly of Congress and within the executive we now see that it was both wise and op­ impossible-and perhaps undesirable-­ branch. It is abundantly clear that any erative. The domino theory said that if to completely offset higher prices for policy calling for an open-ended contin­ one of the nations of Indochina fell, the low-income consumers, a well-designed uation of oil price controls and alloca­ others would not be far behind. tax and rebate system could serve as a tion will encounter stiff resistance from Indeed, they were not; only days sepa­ major balancing factor. many quarters of Capitol Hill, and in all rated the tragedies of Phnom Penh, EMPLOYMENT AND ECONOMIC IMPACT likelihood will encounter at least anini­ Saigon, and Vientiane. Are there more A price strategy should include among tial veto at the White House. Such a de­ dominoes in the line? There is no reason its goals the avoidance of unemployment lay would be justified to avoid the flat­ to think not, and indeed, the Thais, a and economic dislocation, reduced mi­ out deregulation advocated by the Presi­ sagacious people who have preserved gration of investment capital, and the dent, but phased deregulation linked to their independence when their neighbors elimination of excessive payments for im­ a strong windfall profits tax represents have not, are girding and posturing for ports. Alternatives now under considera­ an alternative pricing strategy which just such an eventuality. tion differ significantly in their potential omits the drawbacks of the President's In an editorial yesterday, the Chicago impact in each of these areas. Phased plan and which could command the early Tribune recounted the recent history of decontrol and/or higher taxes promise support of both the Congress and the Laos, and its implications for us today. not only to stimulate new jobs in explor­ Executive. For the edification of my colleagues, I ation and production, but also would re­ OIL COMPANY PROFITS AND INDUSTRY ask that that editorial be printed here duce import-related losses of capital and STRUCTURE in the RECORD: redirect consumer spending into less im­ Closely related to the questions of ad­ FOURTEEN YEARS IN LAos port-dominated sectors of the economy. ministrative efficiency and consumer The 14-year-old coalition government of Estimates are that as many as 250,000 protection is the question of what levels Laos has gone the way of every coalition additional domestic jobs which would re­ of profit are appropriate for the domes­ government in which the Communists have taken part: It has become a Communist sult from higher domestic energy pro­ tic petroleum industry and the question government. duction and redirected consumption. of what relationship exists between in­ The chief remaining anti-Communist cabi­ To a limited degree these goals might dustry structure and energy prices. Mo­ net members have resigned and fled to Thai­ also be realized under a system of regu­ nopoly pricing by vertically and hori­ land; the capital city of Vientiane is occu­ lated prices. Yet in each case there would zontally integrating companies consti­ pied by the Communist Pathet Lao troops; be a requirement for additional regula­ tutes a potential for inefficiency, market and the neutralist premier, Prince Souvanna tion and administrative mechanisms to interference, and withheld supply which Phouma, has warned his people that lt is necessary to look at the facts and "reach an control the movement of capital. The is at least as serious as the inefficien­ accord with history." differences in the effect of price strate­ cies and market interference brought on It was on March 23, 1961, that the late gies on employment and economic dislo­ by Government regulation or cartel President Kennedy announced his determina­ cation relate directly to the issue of ad­ pricing by the OPEC nations. tion to "support the goal of a neutralist and ministrative efficiency discussed below. How best to respond to these threats independent Laos" and warned that "l! the May 14, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14435 Communists were able to move in and domi­ in the future. It is the spineless for­ Other early directors were Jim Matlock a.nd nate this country, it would endanger the eign policy stance of the liberal ma­ Mrs. Rtso Mllhollon. security and the peace of all of Southeast has In 1966 the program was spotlighted with a Asia.'' jority in Congress that tempted this visit from Sargent Shriver, then national OEO Later that year the three rival princes­ outrage in the first place. director, a.nd a delegation of OEO offi.cials, in­ right-wing, Communist, and neutralist-­ cluding San Marean Blll Crook, then the agreed on a neutralist government and on regional OEO director. Souvanna Phouma as premier. Averell Harri­ During the fact-finding vlsit, Shriver in­ man, American delegate to the Geneva. con­ HEAD START MARKS lOTH terviewed teachers, parents and chtldren vention a.t which the agreement wa.s reached, ANNIVERSARY alike to learn how the program was progress­ insisted that this would not mean the loss ing. of Laos to Communism. The Head Start program operated at the Despite another coalition agreement ln HON. J. J. PICKLE Kyle Elementary School a.t first and later wa.s 1973, the inevitable ha.s happened-tho the OF TEXAS moved to a building at st. Anthony's Cath­ sequence mentioned by Mr. Kennedy ha.s been IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ollc Church. reversed. Instead of precipitating the fall of In 1969 Dora Rodriguez, the present Viet Na.m and Cambodia., the peaceful fall Wednesday, May 14, 1975 director, joined the program a.s a. teacher of Laos wa.s precipitated by the millta.ry col­ aide, a.fter her son enrolled in Head Start. lapse of the other two. Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, today we She later became a teacher and finally direc­ But in fact the formalities in Laos merely celebrate National Head Start Day, com­ tor of the center. recognize the fact that the Communists have memorating the lOth anniversary of this Also that year the program was expanded controlled the countryside for years. One of very successful program to aid young from a summer program taking in a. large Souva.nna. Phouma's former aides is head of children from poor families. · number of children to a year-around full­ the Pa.thet La.o army, a.nd his half-brother This effort to give the underprivileged day center working with a smaller number is political leader of the Communists. The special health care and educational op­ but on a. more intensive ba.sls. The director coalition government in Laos survived for 14 portunities prior to their formal entrance that year wa.s Mary Oa.rlker, followed in 1970 years only because, for nearly half of that by Betty Sue Crain, a.nd finally in 1973 by Ms. time, it ha.s been little more than a paper in the first grade has served more than Rodriguez. government. 5 million children during the last decade. "The goals now are aimed a.t developing So now we go back to President Kennedy's It was an integral part of President the whole child-physically, emotionally, so­ script, and the next domino in line is Thai­ Johnson's war on poverty, and this is one cially and intellectua.lly." Ms. Rodriquez land. The Thais have seen what happened "war" which I believe that the great ma­ noted. Entering a.t e.ge 3, a. child ma.y spend in South Viet Na.m a.nd in Cambodia., a.nd are jority of Americans feel we must pursue two years in the program before going on to hastening to deal with the Reds thru nego­ to a successful conclusion. kindergarten. tiation rather than thru the threat of force. Both centers use "behavior modtflca.tion"­ It's true that the collapse of Cambodia. We owe a great debt of gratitude to empha.sizing the positive instead of the nega­ a.nd South Viet Na.m wa.s dramatic a.nd costly those who have worked long and hard tive-in highly individualized teaching of in every way; but the collapse of Laos is to make this venture a success, especially prereading, math a.nd handwriting, a.s well likely to prove just a.s final. And the Thais those more than 100,000 volunteers­ a.s in organized play, developing individual­ w111 find little comfort in noting that in the many of them parents-who are now ity a.nd social activities. same 14 years it took for the Communists active. Since 1969 the Kyle Da.y Care Center ha.s to win control of Laos, they have virtually The Hays County Citizen has done a served 105 children a.nd 65 low income fa.m­ won American acceptance of their conquest retrospective article on the Head Start llies with 20 children enrolled this year. of another country half wa.y around th~ The program is a. community-based proj­ world. . . . · program in the county. I would like to ect with help coming from many quarters. insert this for the benefit of my col­ Among those a.re the Ca.thollc church, pro­ leagues: viding the building without charge; volun­ THB lOTH ANNIVERSARY-LOCAL CENTERS WILL teers from the Baptist Church, who work WE CANNOT TOLERATE THE SEI­ OBSERVE NATIONAL HEAD START DAY with parents a.nd help with eye glasses a.nd (By Melissa Mlllecam) examinations; special services provided by ZURE OF OUR SHIPS the schools for handicapped children; the Two Hays County Head Start Centers wlll county commissioners for giving sand a.nd celebrate the lOth anniversary of the estab­ gravel; the Kyle City Council, which helped HON. JAMES G. MARTIN lishment of the program a.s National Head dig a. new ga.s line; Tenorios Grocery, for OF NORTH CAROL~A Start Da.y is observed Ma.y 14 accross the providing supplies; the school pre-employ­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES country. ment program which provides high school One of president Lyndon Johnson's "War Wednesday, May 14, 1975 students a.s aides; the Sa.n Marcos health on Poverty" programs, the Kyle Day Care clinic; CETA, which provides three workers; Mr. MARTIN. Mr. Speaker, the United Center a.nd the Henry Bush Chlld Develop­ Southwest Texas State University, for help States must not tolerate the seizure of ment Center in Sa.n Marcos have given hun­ in speech therapy; a.nd parents, who a.dd our ships on the high seas. If we dawdle, dreds of local children a. better chance to many volunteer hours to the program. make it in school. Their :first "graduates" are Other workers a.t the center a.re Oralla. we will signal our adversaries that we now teenagers in junior high school. Sandoval, teacher, Ida. Lois Dressen, cook, are indeed helpless. While efforts to re­ Much has changed over the years as the Antonio Aguirre, janitor a.nd Glora. Mos­ cover the Mayaquez by diplomacy are program became more refined, but not the queda., driver. dedication and hard work of staff and the an appropriate first level of response, 1f SM CENTER SERVES OVER 400 CHILDREN this fails in short order we must move community 1n making both programs suc­ cessful. The Henry Bush Child Development Cen­ directly to its aid. ter opened in 1966 a.s a. full-day program, I would propose that due notice be The Head :;ttart programs a.re now funded by the omce of Child Development, Depart­ initially called the Mary Street Da.y Care given the Cambodian pirates as follows. ment of Health, Education, a.nd Welfare, a.nd Center. The program got off the ground as Tell them that within 72 hours we wlll administered by the Community Action. the result of a. survey conducted by the expect the Mayaquez to be returned with Head Start Director John Roberts also Community Action Agency, then directed by the crew unharmed and cargo intact. guides similar centers in Lockhart and Margaret Herrera.. Blanco. When the survey showed a. need for a Thereafter, our forces wlll proceed to place to care for young chlldren whlle their secure control of the vessel and tow it SHRIVER VISITS KYLE PROGRAM mothers worked, a committee of interested away. One of the first centers to open wa.s the citizens wa.s formed. Included in that first We shall clearly inform them so that Kyle Da.y Care Center in June, 1965, the year committee were Mrs. Bob Cooper, Mrs. Joe there be no misunderstanding: If they that Head Start was established under the Rodriguez, Mrs. Frank Vtlla.nueva., Minnie scuttle our freighter, we will be com­ omce of Economic Opportunity. Flores, Catherine Hardeman, Elida. Mendez, pelled to retaliate by sealing off all their The publlc schools operated the eight-week Mrs. James Smith a.nd Henry Bush as chair­ if summer program in which 51 youngsters man. harbors; they kill or tnjure any of the As the program was organized the Presby­ Mayaquez, be partiCipated, under the direction of Ernest crew of the we will com­ Kimbro. The short summer session was a.llmed terian church board made ava.Ua.ble the par­ pelled to retaliate in kind by bombing at giving children from low income fa.m111es sonage rent free where the center ha.& their military bases. They must under­ a start before they entered publlc school a.nd grown ever since. stand that further rash actions will have in the first few years had general goals of The Mary Street Da.y Care Center opened severe consequences. developing chlldren's curiosity, self-image, Its doors Oct. 3, 1966 with 10 chlldren and If we fail to deal firmly, we will have self-dlscipllne and helping Spanish-speaking :four staff members, including Belle Towns­ to expect repetitions of such foollshness youngsters grasp the English language. end, who ha.s been director since it opened. 14436 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 14, 1975 Esperanza Hernandez and Olivia Ybarra, $238,323,000. The Committee on Appro­ Mr. Kennell, 59, died Friday. Funeral serv­ both teacher aides, were also on the original priations approved $17,873,000 of this ices were to be conducted today at the Wll­ staff and have continued there for the nine total. That is only 7 percent of the born Temple in Albany. years it has been open. His wake Monday at the Morning Star Henry Bush was one of the most active amount requested. Missionary Baptist Church in Albany was supporters of Mary Street Day Care Center, It is time that the Congress made the crowded with friends and local officials. from playing Santa Claus for the children to budget-cutting decisions that our current Outside the church, an Albany policeman guilding the center's board. When he died economic situation demands. HEW directed vehicles and pedestrians along con­ in November, 1969, the center was renamed spending must be reduced. If we fail to gested Quail and Spring streets. Inside, wom­ the Henry Bush Child Development Center act this sacred cow will devour our en with white uniforms and tags marked in his memory. Nation. "usher," led visitors to seats or standing Since 1966 close to 400 three and four year room in the tiny church. At the front of the olds have been served by the program, which church lay Mr. Kennell's casket, with an has the same kind of goals as the Kyle Cen­ arch of funeral wreaths overhead. ter. Nutritional needs are also met as the EDWARD F. (PETE) KENNELL, Mourners heard a series of eulogies on children are provided with breakfast, lunch, CHAIRMAN OF THE ALBANY Mr. Kennell's generosity, spirit and work in and an afternoon snack. HOUSING AUTHORITY AND DEP­ Albany's black community. Parents are also very active in the pro­ UTY DIRECTOR OF THE ALBANY Among the speakers were David Riker, gram, electing representatives to a policy URBAN RENEWAL AGENCY director of the Albany Urban Renewal council which reviews the budget and checks Agency; Joseph Laden, AHA executive direc­ the center's policies. tor; Joseph Leone, former chief of the Albany The program has outgrown its facilities at HON. SAMUELS. STRATTON Urban Renewal Agency and current director the parsonage on Mary Street, and the Pres­ OF NEW YORK of the New York State Association of Re­ byterian Church has continued its assistance IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES newal and Housing Officials; Sam Johnson of by providing extra room in the church itself. the Albany Inter-Racial Center; Leonard This year 39 children are enrolled in the Wednesday, May 14, 1975 Weiss of the Albany Interfraternal Oounc11; program. "If it weren't for the church let­ Lawrence Burwell of the Albany Urban ting us use the building, we would have to Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Speaker, the League and the Rev. W11Uam Roland of the cut back to 20 children," Ms. Townsend other day in Albany, N.Y., there departed Albany Interdenominational Ministers Con­ noted. suddenly and prematurely from our ference. Other workers at Henry Bush are Eufrasia midst one of the city's outstanding pub­ Burwell spoke earller Thursday about the Espinoza, teacher aid, and Jane Hernandez, lic servants, and one of our great impact Mr. Kennell, a native of Boston and cook. leaders in the fight for improved racial graduate of Harvard and Fisk universities, The Henry Bush parents may plan a had on Albany. "homecoming" of sort for its graduates in understanding and equality. I refer to to "Ed Kennell had the greatest impact of observance of National Head Start Day next Edward F. Kennell, known his friends any black person in this community I've Wednesday. Otherwise, it will be learning and as "Pete." known since being here for 10 years," Bur­ playing as usual in both programs. Both Pete Kennell has been the chairman of well said. "His impact was in housing, health, centers, however, always welcome visitors. Albany's Housing Authority and at the education, welfare and employxnent. And same time deputy director of the Albany that doesn't count the one-to-one relation­ Urban Renewal Agency. In this dual ships he had with people." capacity Mr. Kennell largely has presid­ Mr. Kennell was "still a social worker at HEW SACRED COW ed over the remarkable transformation heart," even after he left the job he held for 16 years as director of the Albany Inter­ that has taken place in Albany in recent . Racial Center to become deputy director HON. JOHN M.ASHBROOK years, tearing down dilapidated slums of the city urban renewal agency in 1961," OF OHIO and building in their place hundreds of Burwell said. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES new, modern housing units for our low­ "He had the balance to deal with pollti­ income and disadvantaged families. cians and people," Burwel added. "He knew Wednesday, May 14, 1975 Pete Kennell, a graduate of Harvard how to get things done, how to get through Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, in the College, was active in many other civic the maze." enterprises in the Albany area. His de­ Mr. Kennell once said his role within the uast some people have characterized the administration of Mayor Erastus Corning was defense budget as being a sacred cow in parture leaves a very large, gaping hole "race relations." In that role, he had his our society. The defense budget was sup­ in our community fabric; his unusual share of critics. posedly immune to legitimate criticism energy, his balance, his dedication, and But that was all muted as Mr. Kennell and to needed spending cuts. his keen mind have all been assets that was mourned. If that ever was the case, it is clear we can ill afford to do without today in Survivors include his widow, the former that America has a new sacred cow-the any city in the fight for better racial Phyllis Grady; a daughter, Jacqueline; a son, Department of Health, Education, and understanding, harmony, and progress. James, all of Altamont; his mother, Mrs. Under leave to extend my remarks I · Janice Kennell, and his sister, Donalda Ken­ Welfare. Not only is its budget shrink­ nell, both of Nashville, Tenn. proof, HEW is devouring an ever larger include a news article from the Albany proportion of our national budget with Knickerbocker News of April 21, 1975, an [From the Albany Times-Union, every passing year. editorial from the Albany Times-Union Apr. 23, 1975] In the fiscal year ending June 30, HEW of April 23, 1975, a letter-to-the-editor of MR. KENNELL, PuBLIC SERVANT will have spent $109.9 billion. This is the Knickerbocker News of May 2, 1975, The untimely death of Edward F. Kennell $301 million a day, 365 days a year. More and a copy of the program of the com­ last Friday ends the career of one of the than a third of our entire national munity memorial services for Pete Ken­ most tireless workers for the improvement budget will have been consumed by HEW. nell, including a listing of his personal of Albany. And HEW expenditures are growing background.and accomplishments: Mr. Kennell was the first black to be at a truly alarming rate. If its expendi­ [From the Albany Knickerbocker News, named commissioner of any upstate housing Apr. 21, 1975] authority. He was appointed in 1947 by tures grow at the same rate as they did Mayor Erastus Corning. He became chairman in the past decade, HEW spending will "MAN OF BALANCE'' MOURNED: EDWARD KEN­ of the Albany Housing Authority last Janu­ go over the $500 billion mark by 1985. NELL "MAN WHO KNEW How To DEAL WITH ary. In another role· as deputy director of the This would be far in excess of our pres­ POLITICIANS, PEOPLE AND GET THINGS DoNE" Albany Urban Renewal Agency, Mr. Kennell ent total national budget. (By Joann Crupi) also had labored for years for the city's re­ The Congress, moreover, seems unwill­ "You can hear him all day long talking in development programs and housing projects. ing to take the actions necessary to bring that loud voice of his to people on the phone His community service did not stop with HEW spending under control. H.R. 6573, or people who came into his ofil.ce," one his ofil.cial municipal positions, however. Mr. Albany City Hall aide said. "He was busy all Kennell was 1975 chairman of the United the ·fourth budget rescission bill, is a day long with people who wanted housing Way campaign of the Albany area, and he prtm.e example of what I am talking or a job or help getting Into school." had been director of the Albany Inter-Racial about. He was Edward F. Kennell, chairman of Council. In all of his community service he The administration has proposed re­ the Albany Housing Authority's (AHA) board was known for the energy and verve he scissions involving four HEW appropria­ of directors and deputy director of the Al­ brought to the tasks before him. tion accounts. These rescissions total bany Urban Renewal Agency. Mr. Kennell will be missed by the city gov- May 14, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14437 ernment as well as the entire community. We Organ Prelude. propriate sponsors from the business and join in sympathy to family and friends. Processional. professional worlds. Invocation. Since its inception-September 1971- Scripture Lesson: 4th Chapter, Gospel of [From the Albany Knickerbocker News, St. James. 4 years ago, the Western Electric Co. has May2, 1975] Musical Selection: The Choirs. provided the staff, facilities, and re­ EuLOGY FOR MR. KENNELL Obituary: J. W. Jennings. sources in matching approximately 500 To the Editor: Solo: "Just A Closer Walk With Thee," students from 11 colleges and universities People come and go and most times little Artis Kitchen. in the greater Boston area. Based on ex­ note is taken of their passing by any other Eulogy: Rev. M.S. Hunter. tensive feedback from students, sponsors, than the immediate family. All too seldom is Benediction. and college administrators across the a community blessed with the presence of Recessional. country, the Shared Experience concept an Edward F. Kennell, whose death has cre­ Interment: Graceland Cemetery, Albany, New York. has been incorporated into Shared Edu­ ated a void which may never be replaced. The cational Experiences, Inc. in order to ex­ City of Albany has lost one of its most dedi­ Bearers cated and productive citizens. Active: Bernard Bryan, Herbert Bryan, pand this cooperative education venture This decade has witnessed an era of the Wllliam Hoyt, Clifford Johnson, Louis John­ nationwide. It is hoped that SEE, Inc. will disclosure of the lack of understanding and son, Jesse McElevene, Junius Reese, Walter become a national model of an effective appreciation of human dignity. One of the Yarbrough. career education program, and that the foremost advocates of the unfortunate and Honorary: John Brown, Alan Bush, John efforts of the Western Electric Co. will oppressed was Ed Kennell. Known affection­ E. Haith, David Harris, Joseph Laden, Joseph be an example to other corporations in ately by his friends as "Pete," he worked Leone, Homer Perkins, David Riker, Kenneth recognizing their role in the area of ca­ selftessly and steadfastly to give aid, succor Vaughn. and understanding to countless numbers of Music under the direction of Mrs. De­ reer education. needy people in our city. He was constantly matress Taylor. at work raising funds to help with housing, EDWARD FRASIER KENNELL food, education, clothing and all human Born: October 24, 1915, Boston, Massa­ needs, in a quiet, dignified and gracious man­ chusetts. THE DELUSION OF DETENTE ner. His personality was gentle, never seeking Relatives: Edward Kennell, father, Mary the limelight or recognition for himself. He Jane Kennell, mother, Harriet Kennell, step­ chose to do God's holy work with dignity mother, Donallda K. Ryan, sister, Cecil M. and grace. He was a gentle man whose pur­ Ryan, brother-in-law, Cecil J. Ryan, nephew. HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN pose was to help others. His labors were of Graduate: Boston Latin School, Fisk Uni­ OF MARYLAND love. It was not possible to refuse a request versity, Harvard University. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from Ed Kennell, for he sought not for him­ Famlly: Married June 6, 1943 in Schenec­ self, but always on behalf of others. tady, New York to Phyllls Grady Kennell, Wednesday, May 14, 1975 Those whose lives were touched by Ed Ken­ Jacqueline Kennell, daughter, James Ken­ Mr. nell are better people. Our community is a nell, son. Mr. BAUMAN. Speaker, the fall better place in which to live because he was Occupation: Chairman, Albany Housing of South Vietnam, at almost the same part of it. May his memory be as a blessing Authority, Dep. Dir., Albany Urban Renewal time that the Communists were gaining for all of us, and may we best honor him by Agency. Former Executive Director, Albany victory in Cambodia, followed quickly pledgingpurselves to continue his work. Inter-Racial Council. by the purging of non-Communist ele­ LEONARD A. WEISS. Affiliations: Morning Star Missionary Bap­ ments in the government of Laos, pro­ tist Church, Albany Boy Friends, Beta Pi vides some crow to eat for those who MEMORIAL SERVICES FOR EDWARD FRAsiER Lambda Chapter, Alpha Phi Alpha Fra­ scoffed at the so-called Domino Theory. KENNELL ternity, N.Y.S. Ass'n of Urban Renewal 01fi­ cials, The Group, Inter-Fraternity Council, But these events also have called into SPECIAL MEMORIAL SERVICES AT THE MORNING question our entire foreign policy, based STAR MISSIONARY BAPTIST CHURCH, ALBANY, Citizens Advisory Council, State Division of Human Rights, Urban League of Greater as it is on the illusion of detente with N.Y. Albany Area, N.A.A.C.P., The Albany Girls' the Communists. Presiding: Rev. M.S. Hunter. Club, The United Fund, The Harvard Club, We are familiar with the effects of the Organ Prelude. The Albany Area Chamber of Commerce. Communist victory in Southern Asia. The Special Memorial Services: Beta Pi Lamda Died: Friday, April 18, 1975, in Guilder­ Chapter, Alpha Phi Alpha. Fraternity. governments of Thailand, the Philip­ land, New York. pines, Indonesia, are publicly "reassess­ Resolutions ing" their foreign policies, presumably City of Albany, New York, Hon. Erastus pondering whether they should follow Corning, 2d, Mayor. Albany Boy Friends, Louis Johnson, Her­ the lead of Laos, and become prospective bert L. Bryan. SHARED EDUCATIONAL dominoes before they are pushed. Albany Urban Renewal Agency, David F. EXPERIENCES, INC. On the other side of the world there is Riker, Director. an ironic situation in Portugal. Com­ Albany Housing Authority, Joseph Laden, mander Jesuino, Portuguese Minister of Exec. Dir. Information, is in the United States seek­ N. Y. s. A. U. R. 0., Joseph Leone. HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON ing "understanding." Secretary Kissinger The Group, Mrs. Geraldine Jefferson. OF MASSACHUSETTS Inter-Fraternity Council, Leonard Weiss. is reportedly miffed, both at Jesuino, and Advisory Council, State Division of Hu- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES at U.S. Ambassador Frank Carlucci, for man Rights, Mrs. Wardell Robinson. Wednesday, May 14, 1975 advocating some understanding of this M. c . Lawton Civic and Cultural Club, government. Secretary Kissinger disap­ Mrs. Lucretia Diggs. Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, in proves of Portugal for allowing too many Albany Inter-Racial Council, Samuel light of the intense interest that our Communists in their government. How Johnson. Nation has placed on career education; can he possibly be surprised, either at Urban League of Gre.ater Albany, Law­ and in light of the problems facing young Portugal or Carlucci, when he has been ren ce Burwell. people in obtaining the necessary skills N. A. A. C. P., Dr. Harry Hamilton. relentlessly promoting detente for as long The Ministers' Alliance, Rev. William to adapt to today's changing society, I as he has had any influence in the gov­ Roland. would like to call attention to a career ernment? Why is it acceptable for Secre­ The Albany Girls' Club, Mrs. Ruth Walsh, education program which was initiated tary Kissinger to seek "understanding" Dr. Sybil Hoyle. and fostered by the Western Electric Co. and mutual agreements with the brutal The United Fund, Mrs. Ersa Poston. in Boston. masters of the Kremlin, but not accept­ The Harvard Club, Richard Goodman. This program called Shared Experi­ able to seek understanding of a govern­ Musical Selection, Juli.an Parrish. ence encourages learning through a per­ ment which has not yet turned complete­ Benediction. sonal one-to-one association between a ly to communism? student and professional sponsor in a ca­ The San Diego Union of May 3 has MEMORIAL SERVICES AT THE WILBORN TEMPLE, reer area of a student's choice. A pro­ printed an excellent editorial calling for FIR5T CHURCH OF GOD IN tCHRIST, ALBANY, N.Y. gram coordinator interviews the students a reappraisal of detente from yet an­ Presiding: Rev. M.S. Hunter, Pastor. Morn­ to determine their fields of interest and other perspective--the disastrous effect ing Star Missionary, Baptist Church. then attempts to match them with ap- which detente has had on NATO and the 14438 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 14, 1975 Atlantic Alliance. The editorial concludes, CALL FOR REOPENING OF INVESTI­ investigation of the Kennedy assassina­ pointedly: GATION OF THE ASSASSINATION tion, and I applaud the efforts of the Detente, it is plain, has helped our enemies OF JOHN KENNEDY Organization of Students to Investigate and has done us no good whatever. Further­ the Investigation of the Kennedy As­ more, it has shaken the confidence of our sassination. a.llies. Now, in the wake of Vietnam, we would HON. GLADYS NOON SPELLMAN The January 22, 1964, transcript of be well advised to ask ourselves if it is not, in the long run, better to have a meaningful OF MARYLAND the Warren Commission executive ses­ detente with our friends than a worthless IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sion and the petition of the organiza­ detente with our enemies. Wednesday, May 14, 1975 tion follow: To: The Hono11able Gladys Noon Spellman, I endorse those thoughts, and com­ Mrs. SPELLMAN. Mr. Speaker, re­ Congresswoman, 5th District, Maryland mend this editorial to my colleagues. cently I was visited by several students We the undersigned, do hereby Petition THE "DELUSION" OF DETENTE from the University of Maryland who the Honorable Gladys Noon Spellman, Con­ As we raise our eyes from the embers of represented many of their peers who are gresswoman from the fifth district of Mary­ \Tietnam and look in other directions we concerned about the Warren Commission land, to support in particular, House Resolu­ must concur with the wa.g who said, "The and the investigation into the Kennedy tion No. 204 and in general, a full and open whole world is a rat race and the rats are assassination. Members of the Organiza­ investigation by either body of Congress on ahead." the Kennedy Assassination. The essence of A case in point is NATO, the grand al­ tion of Students To Investigate the In­ House Resolution No. 204 is to reopen the liance that has held Soviet imperialism at vestigation of the Kennedy Assassina­ investigation of the assassinations of John F. bay for 25 years. Now, NATO is in trouble, tion, Mr. Floyd Lamore, Mr. Michael Kennedy, Martin Luther King and Robert F. partly because of the dynamism of Soviet Diamond, Ms. Terri Weifenbach, Mr. Kennedy. Its sponsor is Representative Gon­ diplomacy and the size of the Soviet's m111- David O'Neill, Ms. Maryann Hainley, Mr. zalez of Texas. tary buildup, and partly because of misplaced Daniel Kinder, and Ms. Christina Maz­ We think the Warren Commission was in­ American priorities as to the relative im­ accurate, dishonest and incomplete in their zanti presented me with a petition from investigation, findings and their conclusion portance of the thing we call "detente." the University of Maryland containing The Soviet power has grown with almost that there was no conspiracy and that Lee dramatic speed. The Russians are spending 1,175 signatures in support of resolutions Harvey Oswald acted alone in assassinating more on military defense by far than the before this House calling for the reopen­ President Kennedy. We question the "lone United States, and their progress is almost ing of the investigation of the assassi­ assassin" theory in light of previously sup­ terrifying. They have developed a massive nation of John Kennedy. pressed and/or ignored evidence; evidence and modern fleet, and are procuring the bases These students are sincerely concerned which plainly suggests more than one gun­ necessary to make it a worldwide strategic that the FBI, the organization investi­ man and thus a consptra.cy. force. House Resolution No. 204 is in rules com­ gating the assassination, had a "pred­ mittee at this time and we would appreci­ The NATO European command is now faced ilected opinion of the outcome of their with a formidable force of 26,000 Warsaw ate your efforts to support this resolution and Pact tanks, an array of tactical nuclear weap­ investigation." The students believe that follow its progress through tlll a vote before ons and armies at least twice the size of the the Warren Commission decided to with­ the House. As your constituents, we most humbly ap­ NATO forces. hold and suppress evidence contrary to the predilected opinion of the FBI. It is preciate your attention on this petition and NATO, itself, is in tragic disarray. Great being famlllar with your record of involve­ Britain is impoverished, sufl'erlng brutally at the coverup aspects of the assassination ment, feel that you will take an active posi­ the hands of a leftist government that is investigation that are of the greatest tion of approval of the resolution. disinterested in defense. Portugal is turning concern to these students, and I share slowly leftward, as is Italy. Greece and Tur­ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, key, former stalwart anchors of the NATO this concern. In support of their belief that some GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION, flank on the Mediterranean, are totally dis­ Washington, D.C., March 19, 1975. enchanted. Turkey can no longer be regarded coverup existed in the investigation, the students presented me with a copy of Mr. HAROLD WEISBERG, as a United States base in that area and Route 8, Greece, suffering brutal internal political and the transcript of the executive session Frederick, Md. economic problems, is about to leav~ NATO of the Warren Commission of January DEAR MR. WEISBERG: Some years ago you completely. 22, 1964. I would like to include for the requested a copy of a transcript of the exec­ It is against this backdrop that the United RECORD this portion of the transcript, utive session of the Warren Commission of States should hasten to reexamine its atti­ along with the accompanying petition January 22, 1964. At that time, as we In­ tude on detente. formed you, there was no transcript of that If our interest in molllfying the Soviet from the Organization of Students to Investigate the Investigation of the session. A transcript of the reporter's notes Union through detente suggests a correspond­ for that session has been prepared and 1s ing disinterest in our relations with NATO, Kennedy Assassination. now available for research. Enclosed is a copy the alliance could very well collapse, with the Mr. Speaker, these students are taking of the transcript. NATO nations trying, one way or another, their summer to work on a petition sur­ Sincerely, to accommodate with the Soviet Union. vey of Prince Georges County, Mont­ Miss JANE F. SMITH, It is time for the leadership of our country gomery County and the counties com­ Director, Civil Archives Division. to see detente as an abstraction, simply a prising the district of our distinguished theatrical camouflage on the Soviet Union's TRANSCRIPT OF ExECUTIVE SESSION OF THE part, for pursuing its political war. colleague, Congressman PAUL SARBANES, in an effort to further determine the PRESIDENT'S COMMISSION ON THE AsSASSI­ Stripping off the camoufia.ge, we see that NATION OF PRESIDENT KENNEDY OF JANUARY detente did not keep the Soviets from arm­ beliefs and concerns that exist on this 22, 1964 ing the North Vietnamese in violation of the subject. They are also planning a sym­ Gentlemen, I called this meeting of the Paris Peace accord. It did not cause the posium to be held on the University of Commission because of something that de­ Soviets to work for peace during the October, Maryland campus, tentatively scheduled veloped today that I thought every member 1973, Middle East war. It has resulted in the during the second week of June. This of the Commission should have knowledge two Strategic Arms Limitation meetings, symposium will be made up of experts of, something that you shouldn't hear from SALT I and SALT II, which actually limited the public before you had an opportunity to nothing and, since the Soviet Union is ready in the field as well as concerned citi­ zens and Members of Congress. think about it. I w1ll just have Mr. Rawkin and willing to spend far more on arms than tell you the story from the beginning. is needed for defense, it has moved her Mr. Lamore and his fellow students Mr. RAwKIN. Mr. Wagner Carr, the Attor­ clearly into the position of No. 1 in the nu­ have emphasized again and again that ney General of Texas, called me at 11:10 this clear world. In that world, it might be ob­ it is the coverup aspects of the assassi­ morning and said that the word had come served, being No. 2 is not better than being nation investigation that are of major out, he wanted to get it to me at the first No.20. concern to them. If the FBI, the CIA moment, that Oswald was acting as an FBI Detente, it is plain, has helped our ene­ and the Secret Service are not doing Undercover Agent, and that they had the mies and has done us no good whatever. Fur­ their job, and if, in the process, they information of his badge which was given as thermore, it has shaken the confidence of Number 179, and that he was being paid our allles. Now, in the wake of Vietnam, we covered up their mistakes, the American two hundred a month from September of would be well advised to ask ourselves 1f it people should know about it. 1962 up through the time of the a.ssa.ssina.­ 1s not, 1n the long run, better to have a. Mr. Speaker, I support these and other tion. I asked what the source of this was, meaningful detente with our friends than a efforts to answer the many puzzUng and he said that he understood the informa­ worthless detente with our enemies. questions that have arisen around the tion had been made available so that Defe.nse

,_ - - ·- - May 14, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14439 Counsel for Ruby had that information, that CooPER. Oswald or one of them, Ruby, told was fearful that they would bring in the he knew that the press had the information, about this, do you recall it, he said it was papers before we would even get to know and he didn't know exactly where Wade had being rumored around. about it, and that is the way he was talking gotten the information, but he was a former RAwKIN. Yes, it was being rumored that he and acting about it. FBI Agent. was a.n undercover agent. Now it is something CooPER. He felt there was ... He didn't That they, that is, Wade before, had said that would be very difficult to prove out. know the name of the informant? that he had sufficient so that he was willing There are events in connection with this A. No, he did not. to make the statement. that are curious, in that they might make Q. What then would lead him to think it FoRD. Wade is? it possible to check some of it out in time. had substance? A. The District Attorney. I assume that the FBI records would never A. Well, he said that the reason he thought FORD. Carr is the Attorney General. show it, and if it is true, and of course we it might have substance was because Wade BOGGS. Right, of Texas. don't know, but we thought you should have had heard these rumors constantly, and his RAWKIN. I bought that to the attention the information. assistant had gotten this information from of the Chief Justice immediately, and he said A. Lee, would you tell the gentlemen the the informant as to a definite badge number, that I should try to get in touch with Carr circumstances under which this story was and the amount and the date. and ask him to bring Wade up here, and he told? CooPER. How would you test this kind of would be willing to meet with him any time A. Yes, when it was first brought to my thing? today or tonight to find out what was the attention this morning-- A. It is going to be very difficult for us to basis of this story. I tried to get Carr and he BaGGS. What time was this, Lee? be able to establish the fact in it. I am con­ was out campaigning in Texarkana and so A. 11. 10. fident that the FBI would never admit it, forth, and so it took us quite a while to get BoGGS. That is after the Ruby episode of and I presume their records will never show back to him and talk to him. I just got yesterday? it, or if their records do show anything, I through talking to him and he told me the A. That is right. would think their records would show somP source of the information was a member of Q. Yes. kind of a. number that could be assigned to the press who had claimed he knew of such A. And Mr. Carr said that they had used a dozen dlfferP.nt people according to how a.n agent, that he was an undercover agent, this saying before the Court that they they wanted to describe them. So that it but he now is coming with the information thought they knew why the FBI was so will­ seemed to me if 1t truly happened, he did as to his particular number and the amount ing to give some of these records to the De­ use postal boxes practically every place he was getting and the detail as to the time fense Counsel, and they were • • • to the that he went, and that would be an ideal when the payments started. Wade said he as Defense Counsel being able to get the way to get money to anyone that you wanted well as him did not know the name of the records and asking the Court to rule tha.t as an undercover agent, or anybody else informant but he could guess who it was, they couldn't get them. that you wanted to do business that way that it was given to his assistant, and he Q. That is, the District Attorney was? with without having any particular trans­ was sure that he knew, and he said he was A. That is right, and he said a. number of action. trying to check it out to get more definite these records were furnished by the Texas FoRD. There might be people who would information. Carr said that he could bring authorities, and that they should not be see what was going on with that particular Wade in some time the first of the week, but given up to the Defense Counsel, and that box, because the postal authorities do watch, in light of the fact that it was this man of the reason he thought that they were so they have means of watching in many places the press and that they did not think it eager to help Ruby was because they had that no one could see. They can watch the would be broken by the press immediately, the undercover, that Oswald was the under­ clerks as to what they are doing in these although there had been all kinds of stories cover agent and had the number of his badge boxes, and they can watch the individuals down there but Carr said there were some 25 and so forth, he was getting two hundred that are going in and out. They do that only to 40 different stories about this being the a month and so forth, and that was the way when they have an occasion to be suspicious, case admonishing the press themselves, but it was explained a.s his justification to the but they might, in watching for somebody this was the first time that he got something Court a.s a basis for determining the recorl'l, writing letters ing information about it. Now he said Wade A. And Jaworski is an able lawyer, mature to bortlh the elements of the Communist par­ told him that the FBI never keeps any rec­ and very competent. We have complete con­ ties. I mean he was playing ball with the ords of names. fidence in him a.s a person. Now that is the Ti"<1tskyites and wi'th the others. Thls was a Mr. BoGGs. Wade is the District Attorney evaluation of the situation. stra.nge circumstance to me. for Dallas County? FoRD. No. He hasn't made any investiga­ DULLES. But the FBI get peop-le right in­ RAWKIN. Right. tions himself? Side you know. They don't need a person like Q. And the other man, Carr, is the Attor­ A. No, he ha~ not. th'is on the ourtstde. The only place where he ney General? FoRD. Has Wade or anyone connected with A. That is right. did any at all was W'ith the Fair Play for Wade? Cuba Conu;n.ittee. Q. And the other people who have knowl­ A. No. BOGGS. 0! course it is canoeiV~able that he edge of this story? DULLEs . Talking about Story, just a few A. He indicated that the press down there may have been brought back f~om Russia minutes ago just telling him I wasn't going you know. had knowledge of this story, and that the in­ to be down in Texas, I had told him I was formation came from some informant who A. If he was in the employ from 1962, going to be down at the time, he didn't indi­ September 1962, up to the time of the as­ was a press representative, and he, that is, cate that he had anything of any importance Wade, could guess who it was but his assist­ sasslnation, it had to start over in Russia, on his mind. Maybe he won't offer it to him d!ldn"t lt, because d.ddn"t he get back in ant knew and he never asked him. They were obviously. trying to get more explicit information. February? When did he get back heTe from RAWKXN. I don't know that it was even Rus&a? A. Lee, would you tell them? brought to his attention. Mr. DULLES. Who were you talking with A. I think it was February; Febma.ry of DULLEs. I don't believe it was, now. Of when you got this information, Wade him­ th'is year. course, he is not in the hierarchy. Q. Of '62. Was Jit of '62? self? A. Well, I think they were planning on A. I was talking with Carr. A. Oh yes, that 1s right, it w-as '62. BoGGS. There is a denial of this in one of telling the Attorney General and Jaworski. Dtn.LEs. They have no fa.cillties, they these FBI records, as you know. FoRD. How long ago did they get a feeling haven't any people in Russia. They may have A. Yes. that there was some substance to the rumors some people in RUSSia bUJt they haven't any CooPER. In this file we had yesterday, one that apparently had been-! just assumed, orga.n1zatlons of theM' own in Russia. of the lawyers for thls fellow who claims to a.nd I didn't ask them that, that Carr called A. Yes. represent- me and seemed to be in a matter of great DuLLEs. They might have the-ir agents BaGGs. Thornhill, I think. urgency at 11: 10 this morning, and that he there. They have some people, sometimes CXXI--911-Part 11 14440 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 14, 1975 American Communists who go to Russia un­ A. I thought first you should know about ing on this we said if that was true and it der 1ihe1.r guidance and so forth and so on it. Secondly, there is this factor too that a ever came out and could be established, then under their control. consideration, that is somewhat an issue in you would have people think that there was CooPER. Of course there are rumors all this case, and I suppose you are all aware a conspiracy to accomplish this assassination around D&lla.s, of course the FBI 1s acquaint­ of it. That is that the FBI is very explicit that nothing the Commission did or anybody ed With rumors too. that Oswald is the assassin or was the as­ could dissipate. A. One of the strange things that hap­ sassin, and they are very explicit that there BoGGs. You are so right. pened, and it may have no bearing on this was no conspiracy, and they are also saying DuLLEs. Oh, terrible. at aai, 1s the f-act that this man who is a in the same place that they are continuing BoGGs. Its implications of this are fantas­ defector, and Who was under observation at their investigation. Now in my experience of tic, don't you think so? least by the FBI, they say they saw him almost nine years, in the first place it is hard A. Terriflc. frequently, could walk 11.bout the Imm!lgra­ to get them to say when you think you have RAWKIN. To have anybody admit to it, tlon Offi'Ce in New Orleams one day and come got a case tight enough to convict somebody, even if it was the fact, I am sure that there oUit the nen day With a passport that per­ that that is the person that committed wouldn't at this point be anything to mi:tted him to go to Russia. From my ob­ the crime. In my experience with the FBI prove it. servations of the case that have come to us, they don't do that. They claim that they DULLEs. Lee, if this were true, why would such passports a.re not passed out with that don't evaluate, and it is uniform prior experi­ it be particularly in their interest-! could ease. ence that they don't do that. Secondly, they see it would be in their interest to get rid DULLEs. Mr., I think you ue wrong on have not run out all kinds of leads i.n Mex­ of this man but why would it be in their thM. ico or in Russia and so forth which they interest to say he is clearly the only guilty A. I could be. could probably-It is not our business, it is one? I mean I don't see that argument that DULLEs. Because the passports are issued the very-- you raise particularly shows an interest. valid for anywhere except specified coun­ DULLES. What is that? BoGGs. I can immedi~tely- tries. There 1s a stamp as I recall that says A. They haven't run out all the leads on A. They would like to have us fold up not good for Communist Chdna, North Viet­ the information and they could probably and quit. nam, and so forth. For a long time they had say-that isn't our business. BoGGs. This closes the case, you see. Don't on the stamp not good for Hungary. But any Q. Yes. you see? American, practic:a.lly any American, can get A. But they are concluding that there can't DULLES. Yes, I see that. a passport that 1s good for anywhere. An be a conspiracy without those being run out. RAWKIN. They found the man. There is American can travel and Russle. 1s one of Now that is not, from my experience with nothing more to do. The Commission sup­ the countries that you can now travel to. the FBI. ports their conclusions, and we can go on A. Well, maybe you can. Q. It is not. You are quite right. I have home and that is the end of it. DULLEs. You oan get them qu1ck. seen a great many reports. DULLES. But that puts the men right on A. I think our General Counsel and I both A. Why are they so eager to make both of them. If be was not the killer and they have some experience in cases that have those conclusions, both in the original re­ employed him, they are already it, you see. come before our Oourt which would indica.te port and their experimental report, which So your argument is correct if they are sure that this is going to close the case, but if that that isn't emc'tly the fact. is such a departure? Now that is just cir­ cumstantial evidence, and it don't prove any­ it don't close the case, they are worse off DuLLES. I think in the Starte Depart­ thing about this, but it raises questions. We than ever by doing this. ment.... BOGGS. Yes, I would think so. And of A. They h11.ve great difH.cuJ.ty, some of them, have to try to find out what they have to say that would give any support to the story, course, we are all even galning in the realm in getting a passport to go to R~a. and report it to you. of speculation. I don't even like to see this BoGGs. Particularly for someone who has COOPER. Sure. being taken down. any Communist.... A. I think it was in October. DULLES. Yes. I think this record ought to A. Oh, yes. RA WKIN. They had a report on many, they be destroyed. Do you think we need a record DULLEs. Is there any evidence the State had an agent go and see him when he was in of this? Department h'S.S that record in the files? I prison. A. I don't, except that we said we would don't thl·nk that record has f!!Ver turned up. BoGGS. In New Orleans? have records of meetings and so we called CooPER. They admitted there wasn't any. A. In New Orleans. the reporter in the formal way. If you think A. What record, that he was a defector? Q. Right. what we have said here should not be upon DULLES. Yes, I don't think the State De- A. And he lied to them before the pollee. the record, we can have it done that way. Of partment or in the Passport Bureau, there He said his wife was a Texas girl, and he course it might.... was no record. It didn't get down to the married her in Texas, and a whole string DuLLEs. I am just thinking of sending Passport offices. That is one of the things of stuff, and in Dallas they had a report prior around copies and so forth. The only copies we ought to look into. to that that was definitely contrary to it. of this record should be kept right here. A. The State Department knew he was a BoGGS. The fellow Butler, who works for BoGGS. I would hope that none of these defector. They arranged for him to come the profit organizations that Dr. Oxnard records are circulated to anybody. back. heads to disseminate and tie Communist A. I would hope so too. DULLES. But it don't get ... passport files or propaganda to Latin America, is the one who RAVIrKIN. We also give them to you Com­ the passport records. They are issuing hun­ confronted him on the streets in New missioners. Now if you don't want them, dreds and thousands of passports. They have Orleans. I know Butler. He is a very fine those are the only ones who get them but their own particular system. young man. It was ... Butler says that this Sides himself: otf the record. A. Yes. was the first time that they established that DULLES. They don't run around from time he had been in Russia and that he had de­ a man comes in. If they don't find any clue, fected at one time and then returned. You and they don't according to our record here have that undoubtedly in your files, that CARDINAL MINDSZENTY they don't find any warning clue in his file­ film, that tape that was made and borrowed they should have a warning clue in his file in New Orleans? but as I recall they don't. A. Yes. CooPER. That is what they admitted, that BoGGs. Of course on that tape-I listened HON. MILLICENT FENWICK they had not supplied the warning. to that tape-he gives the normal Commu­ OF NEW JERSEY DULLES. And the Passport Office don't on nist line, reaction to everything. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES its own usually go around and inquire. They A. That is right. Wednesday, May 14, 1975 wait until it is assigned there. Then they Q. The same old stereotyped answer? follow it up. A. Yes. Mrs. FENWICK. Mr. Speaker, on May CooPER. This may be off the point a bit, CooPER. How do you propose to meet this 6, one of the great spiritual leaders of but as I re-read the report, the chronology situation? of the FBI checks on Oswald, they knew our century, Jozsef Mindszenty, died at BoGGs. This is a serious thing. the age of 83 in Vienna. Cardinal Minds­ that he had gone to Texas. They learned FoRo. Who would know if anybody would from Mrs. Payne: they knew where Mrs. Os­ in the Bureau have such an arrangement? zenty spoke out against both Nazi and wald was living. They talked with her. They A. I think that there are several. Probably Communist oppression even when it knew where he was working. Mr. Belmont would know every undercover placed him in grave personal danger. The BoGGS. Sure. That is all in the file. agent. Nazis arrested him, because he protested CooPER. I know that. I say they knew Q. Belmont? the annihilation of Hungarian Jews. The where he was working. A. Yes. him BoGGs. I am sure you went over that ma­ Communist government jailed and Q. An informer also would you say? convicted him of treason in 1949, because terial that we received a few days ago. You A. Yes, I would think so. He is the special will find the report from the FBI dated back security. of the division. of his opposition to the authoritarian last summer, and months before that and DuLLES. Yes, I know. and atheistic regime. then months after that, why some agent A. And he is an able man. But when the Mr. Speaker, we should not forget the would make a report on it. Chief Justice and I were just briefly reflect- 1949 "treason trial" in Budapest and May 14,. 1975. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14441 Cardinal Mindszenty's gaunt appearance tion against Latinos by many of Cali­ shall be of a youth more efficient and capable after weeks of Communist brutality. One fornia's major employers. They are pres­ and in this let your own chlldren be in· of the lessons which we in the West ently taking the necessary legal steps to eluded. learned from the cardinal's trial was that solve these problems. the so-called "people's republics" of In addition to working on fair employ­ Eastern Europe in no way represent fair­ ment practi0es, LULAC haa been working NEW YORK-THE STATE OF ness or justice. The Hungarian Govern­ toward greater educational opportuni­ THE CITY ment revealed itself for what it was: A ties for Latin _.t\mericans, for often it tightly-ruled authoritarian regime. It has seemed that higher education was HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL showed the extent to which elemental beyond reach of the Latin American so­ OF NEW YORK human freedoms can be debased. Free­ ciety. Through individual efforts, and the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dom of speech, religion, and assembly­ assistance that LULAC Educational all taken for granted in the United Service Centers lJrovide, Latin American Wednesday, May 14, 1975 States-were easily trampled by the people now have educational opportuni­ Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, New Hungarian Communists in 1949. ties and resources available that they York City faces a grave fiscal crisis and Cardinal Mindszenty is dead, but as a were deprived of for so many years. has appealed to the President for help. lonely and courageous religious leader, These new centers work to develop new If the administration insists on a blue­ standing isolated in the courtroom, levels of awareness in an attempt to print for future action before agreeing speaking against tyranny of the left as motivate students in meeting the com­ to assist New York City, an excellent bravely as he had against tyranny of the munity's needs and solving problems one basis for discussion can be found in a right, he will be remembered by all who might have from an educational stand­ series of editorials currently appearing cherish freedom. point. The centers which operate in Cali­ in the New York Times. fornia work together and coordinate Yesterday. I inserted ~he first three their efforts throughout California to editorials in this series-"The State of reach as many Latin American youths as the City"-in the CONGRESSIONAL REC­ LULAC HOLDS STATE CONVENTION possible. ORD, and today I wish to bring the fourth Mr. Speaker, i;hese are but a few of to the attention of our colleagues, Mr. the accomplishments LULAC has at- · Speaker. HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON tained. Their active participation in the Today's installment discusses housing OF CALIFORNIA betterment of life for their people is in­ and energy. The Times editors make the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES deed a noble contribution to our Nation. essential point that even with an equi­ Wednesday, May 14, 1975 Their concern in the areas of housing, table and realistic regulation of rents "a health, the media, economic develop­ considerable expansion in Federal rent Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. ment, civil and women's rights are ad­ subsidy, rehabilitation and construction Speaker, on May 23 through May 25, the mired by all who share a sense of equal­ funds will be needed to assist renters League of United Latin American Citi­ ity and compassion for our fellow citi­ with low and moderate incomes." zens, LULAC, will convene for their 27th zens. The editorial follows: annual State convention in Long Beach, I am particularly pleased that in my STATE OF THE CITY: HOUSING AND ENERGY Calif. congressional district, individuals such "The time has come for the city or state to Under the coordination of LULAC's as Isaac De La Rocha from the Long take over all rent-controlled apartments. We Paramount Council, presided over by Beach Council, Joe Sanchez from the are not asking for any cash, just mortgages Margaret Pacheco, the LULAC conven­ Greater Long Beach Council, Jay Leon covering the condemnation value of our tion will gather to perpetuate concepts of the Gardena Council and Victor Val­ property." which are the foundation of this fine That statement of surrender comes from dez of the San Pedro Council have the chief spokesman for owners of 900,000 organization's purpose-to instill in its played such a vital role in the develop­ New York City apartments seeking to get out members the democratic principle of in­ ment and implementation of LULAC from under the vagaries of rent control, ris­ dividual political and religious freedom, programs. ing real estate taxes, high fuel and utility the equality of social and economic op­ We are sure that with the dedication of charges and kindred affiictions of infinite portunity, and to strive toward develop­ these people, the 27th annual LULAC variety. ment of an American society where the State Convention will serve as a prologue In terms of equal desperation tenants cultural resources and integrity of all of further accomplishments for this or­ complain that decent housing is unobtain­ people are recognized to be a necessity ganization. able at rents any but the wealthy can af­ ford-and much of it is shoddy at any price. for a worthwhile, meaningful, and en­ Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like Even where apartments are built with ex­ riched civilization. to insert into the RECORD the omcial emption from municipal taxes, they now The growing importance of the Latin LULAC code: come in at monthly rents of $125 a room or American people in our country makes it Respect your Citizenship and preserve it; higher, triple or quadruple what used to be essential that every citizen have an un­ honor your country, maintain its tradition considered a tenable middle-income figure. derstanding of the cultural and spiritual in the spirit of its citizens and embody your­ Uncollected realty taxes are expected to origins we share with these great people. self Into Its culture and clvillzation. total a quarter-billion dollars this year, and Be proud of your origin and maintain It landlords shrug off the scheduled 10 per cent I am especially pleased that in my immaculate, respect your glorious past and increase in the tax rate July 1. "The money State of California, LULAC councils help to defend the rights of all the people. just isn't there to pay it," is their almost have generally been in the forefront of Learn how to discharge your duties before unanimous comment. Savings banks squirm initiating programs capable of imple­ you learn how to assert your rights; edu­ as defaulted mortgage payments reach astro­ menting the ideals of their beliefs. cate and make yourself worthy, and stand nomic totals, but they do not foreclose for The first council organized in Califor­ high In the light of your own deed; you must fear of even more staggering losses if the nia was headed by Jess Vela in 1927 and always be loyal and courageous. banks become owners. Abandonments at the Filled with optimism, make yourself so­ rate of 30,000 per year convert entire neigh­ was based in Orange County. The spirit ciable, upright, judicious, and above all borhoods into wasteland; arson in aban­ that Vela's efforts produced soon spread things be sober and collected in your habits, doned apartments is a growing menace. to Los Angeles, Norwalk, Downey, Para­ cautious in your actions and sparing in your At least 30,000 new or substantially re­ mount, Long Beach, San Pedro, Gardena speech. hab1Utated family units annually for the and countless other cities throughout our Believe in God, love Humanity and rely next decade is the officially calculated hous­ State. upon the framework of human progress, slow ing need for this city. Yet public and private LULAC's immediate goal in California and sound, unequivocal and firm. rehabi11tatlon-and there are some brave Always be honorable and highminded; efforts in this direction-is near a standstlll. is to rectify the employment problem learn how to be self-reliant upon your quali- Many exi!!ting low-rent housing develop­ faced by Spanish-speaking citizens. Dur­ fications and resources. • ments are fear-swept jungles. Federal rent ing the past several years, a LULAC In war serve your country, in peace your supplements offer a glimmer of hope-a dim committee, headed by Frank Galaz of convictions; discern, investigate, meditate, glimmer. the Gardena council, and Fidel Gon­ and think, study, at all times be honest and THE EMPTY SKYSCRAPER zales, past State chairman of LULAC, generous. Let your firmest purpose be that In the soaring skyscrapers that are the ex­ exposed various examples of discrimina- of helping to see that each new generation ternal symbol of New York's commercial 14442 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 14, 1975 greatness more than a. tenth of the space is temwide power failure blacked out the city His thinly veiled reference to Egypt's vacant--a. total of 27.5 million square feet of and Westchester County almost a. decade ago. Nasser and Syria's Jedid, who have now unfilled offices. By cutting rents to half or High costs are inescapable in an under­ less their original level, operators of shiny ground distribution network that is eight been replaced by "enlightened new new towers in midtown Manhattan made a. times as expensive to install and repair as leadership," amounts to a repudiation of modest dent in their backlog of surplus overhead lines would be. More than half of past policies of hatred and attempted space in the last year, but much of their gain Con Edison's bill to its customers directly destruction of Israel. was at the expense of Lower Manhattan reflects outlays for fuel and taxes. In fact, it is apparent from King Hus­ buildings. A coordinated interdepartmental approach sein's speech that the Arabs are willing The twin peaks of the World Trade Center, is needed to the economic, environmental to eat a good measure of crow if that will with two million of their nine m1llion feet and technical problems this giant ut111ty still unrented, are monuments to unplanned presents, but the Lindsay administration's help to bring about peace. And it is also expansion-misspending by the Port Author­ attempts along this line accomplished little apparent that before he spoke he must ity of reserves that should have gone to mass and the Beame administration is not even have cleared every word of his speech transit but that were used instead for unfair trying. Responsibility for holding down light with Presidents Sadat and Asad. competition with commercial builders. As if and power costs has fallen back primarily on What more can the proponents of all this were not dismaying enough, the com­ the P.S.C. and the State Power Authority. peace in the Middle East reasonably de­ bination of municipal tax policy and of quest The most that seems in immediate prospect mand than that which was offered on be­ for speculative advantage has put a. premium is a more rational rate structure aimed at half of all Arabs last week? What more on the destruction of sound and often hand­ discouraging the present profligate waste of some buildings in prime sections of the energy and at cutting Con Edison's long­ will the United States insist upon as it downtown district. The owner comes out term need for new generating equipment. tries to establish a formula for a lasting ahead by paving over the vacant property as peace? . parking lots; the city is left with an ugly In House Concurrent Resolution 192, ruin. which I introduced on March 24, 1975, I The only palliative currently being applied HUSSEIN OFFERS ISRAEL PEACE set forth the basic principles which I is the promising, though still decidedly lim­ believe to be essential to peace in the ited one, of rehabilitating commercial and loft buildings for residential use, an ap­ Middle East. The statement of King Hus­ proach that has worked well in SoHo and a HON. PAUL FINDLEY sein at the Citadel is wholly consistent with those principles. Because of the im­ few other areas. A more expansive application OF ILLINOIS of the same principle to brand new construc­ portance of the King's statement, and tion is getting municipal encouragement IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the growing urgency between Arabs and through tax abatement for structures that Wednesday, May 14, 1975 Israelis, I insert the text of King Hus­ heap luxury apartments on top of com­ sein's remarks at this point so that mercial floors, shops and showrooms; but thi::; Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, 1 week is only for the rich. ago, King Hussein of Jordan gave one of every Member of Congress might have It is evident that the city's need for livable the most important foreign policy ad­ an opportunity to read them: housing for middle-class and low-income dresses of this decade. Speaking at the AnDRESS OF His MAJESTY KING HUSSEIN OF THE families will never be met by such methods. Citadel Military Academy in Charleston, HAsHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN, AT THE The overwhelming immediate need is to pre­ S.C. he stated publicly, perhaps for the CITADEL, THE MILITARY COLLEGE OF SOUTH serve and upgrade the existing stock of CAROLINA, MAY 6, 1975 sound housing, not to let more and more first time, the absolute willingness of the Mr. President, members of the faculty, the buildings sink into decay, mortgage and tax Arabs to make peace with Israel. The Corps of Cadets, and distinguished guests. default, and total abandonment. significance of what he said cannot be As a. former Cadet and an alumnus of The many months it took to get a feeble overstated. Using his own allusion, Sandhurst, I was especailly pleased to be in­ bill for a pa.ssalong of skyrocketing fuel costs King Hussein "bit the bullet" for the vited here to The Citadel, and doubly ap­ through the City Council, despite consistent Arab peoples. He publicly abandoned, on preciate the honor you have bestowed upon pressure from Mayor Beame, provides fresh behalf of the Arab nation, decade.~ of me. I am not really an academic type and I proof that rent policy is too close to the enmity for the Israelis and offered them feel hesitant sometimes about accepting a. ballot box to be safely left to political deci­ degree. But among you, I feel right at home. sion. The present creaky control structure, precisely what they have rightly sought I recognize that the System of The Citadel a patchwork carried over from World War II, for so long-the opportunity to live in which begins at the "Gate"-from ''Knob" ought to be replaced either directly by the peace and security in their national status to distinguished graduate-imposes State Public Service Commission or by some homeland. certain restrictions, restrictions that may on counterpart agency. Whatever mistrust the Israelis may rare occasions be broken. With vivid mem­ In recent years the P.S.C. has proved an have for some Arabs, they should, I be·· ories of my own days as a. cadet, I shall now, independent watchdog in policing utility lieve, recognize King Hussein as a Mr. President, invoking the traditional priv­ rates; gone is the subservience it once show­ llege as a Chief of State, ask that amnesty ed to the big power companies and to the straightforward neighbor. It was Hus­ be granted those cadets undergoing con­ Bell System. Similar independence is needed sein who, rather than appease fanatical finement or tours of penalty. in the housing field if some element of equity elements within the Palestinian move­ By the nature of my position, I have had and realism is to characterize determination ment, crushed their insurgency, and to become, you might say, something of a until over-all supply of housing is adequate thereby made Israel's borders vastly xnillta.ry strategist and a. polltica.l scientist. to allow deregulation. easier to defend against terrorist at­ So, although I have no~ had the benefit of Even with that, a considerable expansion tacks. It was Hussein who attempted to instruction from your distinguished faculty, in Federal rent subsidy, rehabilitation and forestall the October 1973 War against I might be able to pass some of your courses, construction funds will be needed to assist maybe even enough to earn a. degree. I'm renters with low and moderate incomes. Pre­ Israel, and withstanding enormous pres­ happy, however, not to be put to the test. ferential loans and special mortgage terms, sures from Egypt and Syria, yielded only Today I am indeed proud to become an backed by governmental guarantees, can do a token force to the battle in the last alumnus of The Citadel. much to encourage conversion of marginal days of the war. While I was a. cadet at Sandhurst, I was rental units to cooperatives and condomin­ It is King Hussein who offers what he involved in an episode which I still vividly iums. Unlocking the door to new construc­ says may be the last chance for peace, recall. tion at reasonable rents depends on action After a night out in London, I returned to by the building unions and employers to ease and perhaps is. In an extraordinary public admission, the college to find fire trucks just leaving restrictive work rules and to avoid another the campus, having been summoned by a round of inflationary pay boosts in talks now one which must have taken enormous prankish fire alarm. The next morning at an under way. courage, Hussein stated flatly that the early parade, the college commander de­ HIGH COST OF ENERGY Arabs have changed their position. manded that the officer cadet who rang the The high cost of shelter for householders Speaking explicitly for Egypt, Syria, and alarm should step forward. When no one and business alike is pushed higher still by Jordan he categorically stated: volunteered, the entire college was confined electric rates well above those that prevan We accept the conditions for peace that to barracks until the guilty party confessed. in any other community. No city is more de­ have been laid down-recognition of Israel, This seemed a bit unfair to those of us pendent on electric power than New York, nonbelligerency, Israel's right to exist with­ who had not been in the college when the making Consolidated Edison, the monopoly in recognized borders, and our willingness to alarm rang, and especially to me because I supplier, as vital an element in the well-be­ make and support a. final peace. had the opportunity to try out a new racing ing of the metropolls as City Hall. All of these we accept on condition that car at the Goodwood track that very day. The dependence is far from a happy one, Israel withdraw from all Arab territory and After brooding on this for some time, I though the company's managerial compe­ recognize the legitimate rights of Palestinians asked permission to see the college com­ tence haa improved enormously since a. sys- in their homeland. It is as simple as that. mander. When I was permitted into his May 14, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14443 presence, I saluted sharply and blurted out, states was utterly destroyed, and Israeli battlefield, a. scene of interminable chaos "I did it, sir." forces were occupying territory 1n all three and tragedy and is now in yet another state "You did what?" he asked. countries-the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt, the of crisis, I am convinced the prospect of "I rang the fire alarm, sir." Golan Heights of Syria, and the West Ba.nk peace in the Middle East still exists and in He paused for a moment, and then said, of Jordan, including the old ctty of Jerusa­ some respects may be closer than it has "How could you? You were on leave in lem. ever been before. Significant changes have London." In November of that year, the Security taken place which give new hope. "That's true, sir. So were many others." Council of the United Nations unanimously Perhaps the greatest single new hope for He smiled slightly, and then said, "I see adopted a resolution-No. 242--designed to peace stems from the hi.&toric change in the your point, Hussein." form the basis of a solution. Its preamble Arab posttion. And I have asked your lead­ Within an hour, I was something of a hero stated a basic principle written into the ers to recognize this in their reassessment. to all those who were released from confine­ charter of the United Nations-that nona­ In the years before, and immediately after ment to barracks because they hadn't been tion may acquire the territory of another the 1967 War, we were in no mood for any­ in the college when the alarm rang. I'm sure, nation by force. It then proceeded to outline thing but retribution. We refused to recog­ General Seignious, that you would have the conditions that were to be accepted by nize the existence of Israel, much less agreed with the commander's decision not both sides. They included: Arab recognition negotiate with her. Since then there has to inflict mass punishment. of Israel; an end to bell1gerency; the right been time for reflection and growth in the I did try out that car, by the way, but of Israel and the Arab states to live within Arab world. Greater strength has produced never did race it. The garage, under orders I recognized borders; the freedom of passage greater confidence. Heightened responsibil­ suspect from the Jordan Embassy, never through the Suez Canal; a just solution of ity has brought a broader maturity. With tuned it up sharply enough for Goodwood the Palestine problem; and the withdrawal enlightened new leadership in Egypt and racing. Probably just as well. of Israeli forces from the Arab territory Syria we have reassessed our policy. Realis­ The duty to set right an obvious wrong is they had captured and were still occupying. tic and constructive new attitudes and an obligation we all recognize, whether it be The terms were accepted in principle by measures have been adopted. As a result, in a military school, or in relations between all. But then began the challenge of im­ starting with our cautious acceptance of the nations. It is at the heart of the concept of plementing the peace. 1967 UN Resolution, today we in Jordan, Justice. That was in 1967-eight years ago. What as well as in Egypt and Syria, are ready, It is also, Mr. President, at the heart of the has happened since then? even eager, to make peace. We accept the Great Issue I wish to discuss today-War or The United Nations has repeatedly con­ conditions for peace that have been laid Peace in the Middle East. firmed the terms of the resolution, and re­ down--.recognition of Israel, non-belllger­ There are few problems on the planet peatedly sent conciliatory missions to the area. Nearly every major nation has offered ency, Israel's right to exist within recognized Earth more demanding of the collective wis­ borders, and our willingness to make and dom of mankind than a. just settlement of to mediate, and the problem has been on the support a final peace. the difficulties that have arisen between the agenda of half a dozen summit meetings. Arab Nation and Israel. Although the Arabs Unfortunately, all of them failed. There was All of these we accept on condition that comprise many States, they do form one Na­ no progress on any point, and Israel con­ Israel withdraw from all Arab territory and tion, in that they share the same language, tinued to occupy Arab territory. recognize the legitimate rights of the Pales­ Then occurred the October War in 1973, tinians in their homeland. It is as simple religion, tradition, culture, history and geo­ as that. graphic area. It is in this sense that I use the which in 30 days, in terms of military equip­ term. ment, was the most costly war ever fought. There have been other important recent The drama of this conflict between the After a cease fire had been arranged, there changes in the Arab world. They do not af­ Arab Nation and Israel, with its attendant began a series of diplomatic interventions by fect our attitude toward seeking peace with human suffering, has unfolded in a grim 30- the United Nations and the great powers. Israel, but they increase the urgency of yea.r tragedy. We have witnessed Act I-the The United States and Russia sponsored a something being done about it. Although founding of Israel; and Act li-the Wars, conference at Geneva that quickly adjourned. the Middle East has always been a key area 1956, 1967, 1973. Today we are observing the Once again, nothing seemed to be working. in international military and political strat­ formulation of Act III-the ultimate conclu­ Then in mid-1974 began one of the more egy, it has now beoome a major center of sion. Shall it be peace, the peace we all de­ remarkable events in diplomatic history­ economic power. Because of this the stakes sire--or a violent catastrophe, possibly in­ the "shuttle" diplomacy of your Secretary of are immeasurably higher in this crisis than volving the entire world in armed struggle State, Dr. Henry Kissinger. He did succeed before, and the urgency for solution has and suffering? in arranging a separation of forces in the never been greater. How did the problems and misunderstand­ Sinai Peninsula, and the Golan Heights. But For most of the 20th century, and until ing of the first two acts occur? And what when he returned recently to seek a further very recently, the Arab Nation was generally can we all do to insure the Third Act will separation of Egyptian and Israeli forces, ignored by the International Community. we not enlarge and perpetuate the tragedy? My he found their positions had become irrecon­ had little voice or influence in the ail'airs of views are those of one who has been both cilable, and departed for home, a greatly dis­ the world. The remarkable change which oc­ an observer and a participant in this human appointed man. That he did not succeed has curred within the past five years has now experience for the past 23 years and whose been called by some a failure. placed us prominently on the world stage. country has been in the forefront of the con­ If there was a failure it was not Dr. Kis­ The Arab Nation has become the principal flict from Its beginning. It is against this singer's. No man has worked more tireless­ source of supply for the world's energy needs. background that I would like to assess the ly, more valiantly, with greater patience Its energy resources have provided it With events and developments of the recent past, or grea.ter dedication, than your Secretary financial means rivalling the great industrial consider their impact, and develop some con­ of State in trying to resolve the issues which nations. Its rate of economic and industrial clusions. divide the area. He must be commended for growth exceeds that of the other areas of the As you know, the state of Israel came into his eil'orts and be urged to continue them world. Future projections are even more im­ being in 1948 after the British decided to and, indeed, under President Ford's leader­ pressive. give up their Palestine mandate, and the ship, to redouble them. The old political order is being replaced by United Na.itons passed a resolution parti­ The failure of the negotiations reflected a new economic order of world importance. tioning Palestine. Between November 1947, a failure by Israel to jettison an already Peace is essential if the opportunity to share when the UN vote was taken, and May 1948, discredited policy-a failure by Israel to re­ this prosperity is to be realized. when the mandate ended, there was fierce examine and reject its notion that security These changes which have occurred in the terrorist activity, and the first Arab-Israeli derives from holding the territory of its Arab world are truly of historic proportions war was fought thereafter. The result was neighbors. In fact, it is Israel's continued and they w1ll require equally historic deci­ that when the truce was signed nearly 800,- embrace of that notion that prevents it sions. Unfortunately, the decision most vital 000 Palestinians were driven from their from realizing its security goals. to everyone involved is not one which the homes or had fled because they could not What I have said so far has dealt with Arab Nation can make. It is a decision for live under Israeli rule. history. What of the future? Israel. The decision, at long last, to return For nearly 20 years, most of the displaced As a true friend of the United States-­ all territories she occupied by force and make Palestinians lived in refugee camps in Jor­ and happy to be accepted as one-! believe peace. Despite the changes within the Arab dan, Syria, Lebanon, and the Gaza Strip. I can contribute helpful and somewhat dif­ world since the 1967 War, Israel has not There were frequent incursions over the ferent points of view on the Middle East budged from the territory she took then or border by Palestinians and fierce reprisals by problem. These are views which I have ex­ the policies she has followed since that war. the Israelis. Bitterness and hatred grew pressed to your President, the Secretary of You have an expression in this country, "to stronger with every passing year. Cease fire State and members of the Senate and the bite the bullet" and that is what Israel must agreements were made and broken, while House. I think It we.s particUlarly opportune now do-"bite the bullet," and withdraw both the Arabs and the Israelis kept build­ to have exchanged Views with your leaders from Arab territory. That, I know, wlll be a ing up their military strength. at a time when they were conducting a seri­ major decision for Israel to make. Israel has In June, 1967, the "Six Day War" erupted ous reassessment of United States policy for demonstrated It can wage war, yet security between Israel and three Arab states-­ the Middle East, and to learn that our re­ eludes her. It may take more courage on the Egypt, Syria, and Jordan. At its conclusion, spective views are not very far apart. part of her leaders to make peace than to the military capability of the three Arab Although the area has been an unending provoke war. Courage is the test of leader- 14444 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 14, 1975 ship. Withdrawal is the key to both peace great and uncontrollable to permit the pres­ demand, and as the pace of government and the real security Israel's leaders claim ent condition of "no war-no peace" to sur­ spending (especially on defense) picks up, they so ardently desire. vive for long. the economy should begin a rebound. Start­ Israel claims that her overwhelming con­ As has been so often the case in this cen­ ing by July or August, it should carry real cern is fear for her security. On analysis this tury, the role of the United States once again GNP upward at a 6%-7% pace in the second is difficult to reconcile with reality at this 1s crucial. I am grateful you are reassessing half of the year. point in history. If I may paraphrase a quota­ your policy in the Middle East. I think it is Sttll and all, the dawn will break cold tion from one of your former Preside:ats, in vitally important that your Congress and -the and grey for the unemployed. The jobless my opinion, the only thing Israel really has President join together in the policy to be rate will hover near 9% throughout 1975. to fear is fear itself. She unfortunately ap­ followed for it is essential to your greatness And this year's rebound wlll not become next pears to have confused fears of the past--in and your credibility that you speak to the year's recovery unless the forces that are other times and other places-with her se­ world with one voice on matters of basic turning the economy around are buttressed curity for the future. Old Jersualem is not policy. by monetary and fiscal policies for sustained the Germany of World War II and Palestin­ I would hope that yours is not the only expansion. ian refugees are not the Nazis of Hitler. other reassessment. The Arab States have re­ Before tossing our hats in the air at the Prior to 1948, Arabs and Jews lived side by assessed their policy. It is now time for first signs of an upswing, we should reflect side in harmony as friends and neighbors for Israel, as well, to reassess her policy. In fact, a moment on the path of the stimulants centuries. Perhaps, the fact that many of the it is crucial to the problem-and it is the re­ that will bring it about: founders of Israel and many of its present sponse Israel gives that will determine the Tax cuts. After pumping money into the leaders and citizens were persecuted in Eu­ answer to our question-War or Peace in the economy this quarter at a $50 billion annual rope by Europeans, and are alien to the Middle East? rate, the injections will drop to a. $15 billion Middle East and its people, explains in part May God guide us all in our efforts to in­ rate in succeeding quarters. (In contrast, the the attitudes of Israelis and their supporters. sure that it is Peace. 1964 tax cut, in today's terms, would have But European persecution in the past can­ produced a sustained $26 billion rate of not justify the denial of rights to other peo­ injection.) ples in 1975. Today, right now, there are Budget stimulus. Even assuming expendi­ thousands of families, men, women, and ENDING THE RECESSION IS NOT tures in the neighborhood of $365 blllion in children, in my Kingdom who were born and ENOUGH fiscal 1976 and continuation of about $12 raised in the holy city of Jerusalem, but are billion of the tax cuts next year, the budget barred from returning to the holy city. Yet, will swing significantly toward restriction (by refugees to Israel from Poland, East Ger­ some $10 blllion to $15 billlon in full­ many, the Soviet Union and other corners of HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON employment terms between the first half of the world live there and claim it as their ex­ OF MASSACHUSETTS 1975 and the first half of 1976) at a time clusive home. Is it not reasonable that we IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES when recovery ls still in its early stages. find this di.ffi.cult to accept? Money supply. After the temporary current I haV'e suggested that Israel is confusing Wednesday, May 14, 1975 spurt in money supply growth, the Federal her problems of security today with haunt­ Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, an Reserve will be tempted to go back to irts ing fears from the past when she should article by Walter Heller, "The Dangers "standard" 6% growth target. If it does, be exploring the promises of the future. of an Upturn," appeared in the Wall this alone could condemn us to a. pal try 4%- More concretely, her concept of military se­ 5% rate of increase in real GNP in 1976. curity has become antiquated-a fact this Street Journal of Tuesday, May 13. Inventories. The big spur to production audience should appreciate. To contend, in In that Op. Ed. piece, Mr. Heller makes implicit in the drop in inventory liquida­ this modern military age of sophisticated the point that simply ending the reces­ tion rates from a peak of perhaps $20 billion weapons and supersonic speeds, that long­ sion and beginning recovery, if that in­ to the neighborhood of zero by the end of term security can be measured in territorial volves no more than continuing the cur­ the year is hardly likely to be sustained via miles ma.y be a good propaganda ploy-<>r, as rent depressed level of economic activity, inventory accumulation in 1976. some have suggested, a guise for permanent expansion-but it has no mlllta.ry validity. is simply not acceptable as a goal for eco­ THE WHIPLASH OF RHETORIC Travelling under this false badge of secu­ nomic policy. Yet under the whiplash of the Ford­ rity, Israel now occupies ten times the terri­ Reducing inflation is not the para­ Simon-Bums rhetoric, even the prospect of tory she was originally given. I am sure the mount goal at this time; ending the indi­ an unturn is being used to mobilize the na­ United States, private citizens as well as gov­ vidual and social disasters caused by high tion's continuing fears of inflation in a cam­ ernment, did not intend that the billions of unemployment is the goal we should all paign against more expansionary budgetary dollars which have been poured into Israel, and monetary policy. The upturn irtself w111 be seeking. If we can reinvigorate our give aid and comfort to that campaign. The out of compassion, would be used to conquer will and occupy new lands. Yet that is what has economy, we have more than ade­ forces then arrayed against vigorous policies happened. The United States bears a special quate time to deal with the possible at­ for expansion would indeed be formidable: responsibility in this regard for you are Isra­ tendant problems of infiation which The Federal Reserve, still smarting from el's major ally and her most important bene­ might be caused by true recovery, per­ charges of election-year overexpansion in factor. If condition for peace is withdrawal, haps a year or a year and a half from 1972, will let its dP-ep-seated anti-inflationary should not a condition for assistance be the now. bias be its guide. same? The White House, following its inherent Given the importance of the prescrip­ economic conservatism, seems ready to set­ You must help Israel realize that she wtll tions he outlines for the Congress with only have true security when her neighbors tle for a mild expansion and slow absorption are willing to live in peace with her. That regard to the economic policy we should of the unemployed. is what the Arab States are offering her now. be developing, I would like to insert Mr. Congress, intimidated by scare-talk about An offer, despite her protestations of peace, Heller's article in the RECORD at this time deficits and inflation and determined to dem­ which Israel refuses to accept. It is a danger­ for the information of my colleagues: onstrate its fiscal responsibility under the new budget procedures, is likely to be im­ ous and disturbing siutation. For if, as we THE DANGERS OF AN UPI'URN prudently "prudent." That is, in guarding have recently observed, Israel would not (By Walter W. Heller) bring herself to relinquish a few miles in the against the distant threat of renewed infla­ Sinal, despite Egyptian concessions and your That much heralded business upturn, not tion, it seems unwill1ng to deal boldly with strong urgings, how can we expect her to far off, will be the economic non-event of today's deep recession. withdraw from the rest of the lands? Eight 1975. For while business will turn up, unem­ This dangerously t1mid and restrictive years ago I said, Israel could have territory ployment wlll hang high and unused capacity mood-which, if it persists, could lead us or she could have peace, but she could not will be huge. The great danger is that Messrs. from the 1974-75 recession, after a brief haV'e both. I can only add that if she con­ Burns and Simon, gaining fl,id and comfort spurt, into a 1976 stagnation-seems to be tinues to persist in her present occupation from the upward direction of activity, will rooted in neglect of some factors and mls­ policy she could end up with neither. ignore the abysmal level of the economy and perception of others. Nations have been at crossroads many press their Holy War against inflation with First, in its blind preoccupation with in­ times 1n their history a.nd as often as not recovery-aborting fervor. flation, it seems to forget that (a) the fero­ have chosen the wrong road. The Middle Right now, we are in the darkness that cious inflation of 1973-74 is rapidly ebbing, comes just before the dawn. Unemployment (b) there 1s no reason to expect the forces East 1s Uttered with lost opportunities for is still rising, to a peak between 9% and that generated over one-half of that infla­ peace. The crossroad we now face ts an im­ 10%. Much consumer demand 1s being met tionary upsurge-two years of disastrous portant one because the stakes have become from inventories instead of new production. crop !allures, a quintupling of oil prices and so high that to choose the wrong road this Prospects for autos and housing range from dollar devaluation-to recur during the ex­ time could be catastrophic. And there is no feeble to anemic. Plant and equipment out­ pansion of the mld-1970s, and (c) a. miserly a.ssu.rance that 1! we miss this opportunity lays are st111 being marked down. monetary policy and restrictive fiscal policy there will be another. Time could not be But as the 1975 tax cuts pour into the would blunt both the upswing and produc­ more critical. The area is too volatile, the economy, as inventories are drawn down and tivity that can help us subdue inftation in alternatives too llmlted and the pressures too production steps up to meet the consumer the short run and the expansion of savings May 14, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14445 and capital spending that can forestall short­ actment, that the $12 billion to $13 b1llion best medical care our Nation's health ages in the longer run. of tax cuts beyond the rebate, Social Secur­ delivery system can offer. Second, in assessing the economy's ca­ ity payments and housing credit will con­ Instead of reducing the quality of care pacity to absorb stimulus, we seem to for­ tinue in 1976. get that (a) this recession is twice as deep Congressional spending and deficit targets in the medicare program and cutting out as any previous postwar recession, (b) while should be adjusted to allow an added $5 vital nursing services to our elderly citi­ real GNP has dropped 8 % in the past 18 billion to $10 billion for recovery programs zens, the SSA should be busy finding months, potential GNP has also been rising targeted to areas of high unemployment ways to improve the quality and up­ (by 6 %, if we use trend growth), thereby and effective only as long as national un­ grade the standards of care provided idling about $200 billion of our annual pro­ employment exceeds a triggering level, e.g., these older Americans. ductive capacity, and (c) Amerdcan industry expanded unemployment compensation and If this proposed elimination of the is now operating at only two-thirds of capac­ public service jobs and a new program of nursing salary differential is imple­ ity. It remains a. chiDing reality that three counter-cyclical assistance to hard-hit state consecutive years of 7% real growth would and local governments, all of which would mented, the additional cost to health still leave unemployment at more than 6 % gradually self-destruct as the economy re­ care institutions of providing the needed and that present policies provide no assur­ gains its health. extra nursing services will simply have ance that even 7 % growth will be main­ A year from now wm be plenty of time to be shifted to other private patients tained in 1976. for another look at expansionary policies. receiving care in the same institution. Third, even the redoubtable John Dunlop, Even if we follow a. resolute program of ex­ This, however, would be clearly con­ in expressing the fear that bottlenecks in pansion, one that would boost real GNP at primary processing industries will abort re­ trary to the congressional mandate as an 8% annual rate, we would still find the expressed in the medicare law, Public covery, seems to forget (a.) that operating U.S. economy in mid-1976 with 7%%-8% rates in primary processing industries are unemployment, with output running some Law 89-97, which states that- running below 70%, and (b) that many of $125 billion below its potential, and with The costs with respect to individuals the 1973-74 shortages reflected a frenzied shortages and bottlenecks still no threat. covered by the (Medicare) insurance pro­ flight into commodities--partly protective, That will give us plenty of time to review grams ... will not be borne by individuals partly speculative-as much as, perhaps the bidding and determine whether, when, not so covered ... more than, a genuine scarcity of materials and how restraint should be applied. To do If SSA intends to go through with for productive use, and (c) that many of it at the first sign of an economic upturn these materials are only now being disgorged would be an abject confession of economic their proposal, they will be doing what in 1975's massive inventory liquidation. True, bankruptcy. Congress has specifically prohibited them that inventory liquidation makes the huge The danger of an upturn, then, is that the from doing: shifting, according to SSA's idle capacity today somewhat deceptive. But Burns-Simon axis wm mistake the warm own estimates, some $120 million of inventory gorging and hoarding also blew the and gentle zephyrs of the rebound for the Medicare costs annually to non-Medicare bottleneck problem in 1973-74 out of all gathering winds of a new inflation-to be patients or to hospitals. Such a proposal proportion. leaned against in the best (or worst) Fed Fourth, two major misapprehensions would be inequitable, arbitrary, and, in tradition and to be used as a club against my opinion, clearly unlawful. about the budget continue to plague the bold congressional action. The consequence? country and inhibit the Congress. One myth The rebound may never become a recovery. It is certainly ironic that SSA itself, in is that the huge federal budget is somehow If the White House and the Fed, hypnotized its Medicare regulations published in the result of government profilgacy. The by the fear of inflation, quickly turn from 1971, recognized the inequity of its pres­ facts are that (a) nearly $60 billion of the expansion to restriction, they will snatch ent proposal when it stated: projected 1976 deficit is due simply to the defeat from the jaws of victory. It is appropriate that the greater costs of ravages of recession (about $45 billion of re­ providing these (inpatient routine nursing duced revenues and $15 billion of increased care) services, which are attributable to car­ unemployment costs) and (b) the $4 billion ing for (Medicare) beneficiaries ... be recog­ overestimate of offshore oil lease revenues nized by the program and its reimbursement. and a $6 b1llion or so underestimate of do­ AMERICA'S 21 MILLION ELDERLY mestic expenditures bring Mr. Ford's deficit MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES DE­ A graphic example from my own Con­ to some $70 billion-small wonder that Re­ SERVE THE ffiGHEST QUALITY gressional District in California of some publican Senator Bellman angrily accuses NURSING CARE of the most serious adverse effects of the White House of "phony" budget num­ SSA's proposal to eliminate the medicare bers. A companion myth is that civilian spend­ HON. MARKW.HANNAFORD nursing cost differential has just been ing is the main source of upthrust in the brought to my attention. federal budget today. But it is defense pur­ OF CALIFORNIA It has to do with the Long Beach Me­ chases, already running several billion dol­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES morial Hospital Medical Center, one of lars above projections, that are programmed Wednesday, May 14, 1975 the outstanding health care institutions (according to the Special Analyses section in the Nation, which is not only the larg­ of Mr. Ford's budget) to rise some $25 billion, Mr. HANNAFORD. Mr. Speaker, I have est nongovernmental hospital in Cali­ at annual rates, in the next five quarters. today introduced a bill, H.R. 7000, to fornia, but also prides itself on having Leaving aside the energy program and the amend the Medicare Act to require the rise in unemployment benefits, the Ford rates lower than any other community Social Security Administration-SSA­ hospital in any large city in California. budget for fiscal 1976 projects an 11% in­ to continue to recognize the nursing cost crease in defense expenditures, 9% tfor in­ Mr. Millard J. Hines, a prominent busi­ come security, 6% for income security, 6% differential which is presently used in ness and civic leader in southern Cali­ for health and zero for education, manpower determining the reasonable cost of pro­ fornia for many years, president of In­ and social services. viding nursing care for our older Ameri­ dustrial Paper Distributors, Inc. of Long THE COST OF STAGNATION cans. Beach, and a member of the finance Fifth, those who shrink from vigorous ex­ I was deeply concerned to learn that committee and the board of trustees of pansionary policies are also forgetting the the SSA is proposing to eliminate this Long Beach Memorial Hospital, is so huge costs of continued stagnation, not only nursing differential factor in providing deeply concerned about the harmful ef­ in the human terms of intolerably high un­ quality care for the Nation's senior citi­ fect of this SSA proposal that he has employment and intolerable losses of output, zens. written a letter to President Ford strong­ but in terms, already mentioned, of the In my own 34th Congressional District ly urging him to take a personal inter­ productivity advances and capital formation in California, we have nearly 44,000 citi­ est in the matter and asking that he use foregone in a stagnating economy. zens of retirement age who depend on our Is this an argument !or pulling out all the his authority to see that this proposal is stops? No, but it is an argument for stopping Federal medicare program to meet their withdrawn. all the pulls--the downward pulls of nig­ continuing health needs. Mr. Hines has taken the liberty of gardly monetary policy, a fading tax cut and It seems to me, Mr. Speaker, that we sharing his fine letter to the President parsimonious budget policy. in the Congress have an obligation to with me, and I would like to include per­ The Fed should lose no time in assuring assure that this congressionally-man­ tinent sections of the letter at this point the country that it w1ll accommodate expan­ dated Federal health care program for in the RECORD: sion, even 1! this means going beyond the older Americans continues to maintain It is as a private citizen and businessman newly declared 5% to 7%% monetary growth the very highest standards of quality that I am writing this letter to strongly pro­ range, as it surely does. care for our senior citizens who have test the 111 advised and unlawful proposal to The Congress should move promptly to worked and contributed to the program eJ..1minate the 8% percent Nudsing Salary make crystal clear, preferably by early reen- and who now have a right to expect the Cost Differential r!or aged Med.ica.re patients. 14446 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 14, 1975 It is a. fact that the failure of Medicare thds ls desira.ble or ln the best interests of only where it is required, in the routine and MediCal to pay just costs for hospital hospi'baJs or the publllc. nursing care area for Medicare beneficiaries. care provided the aged and indigent at Me­ If Medicare is to function appropriately and morial will result in a. loss in excess of $3 Equally concerned with the far~reach­ in accordance with the intent of the Medi­ Million for the current fiscal year. If this ing adverse ramifications of the Social care Law, it is only right that Medicare con­ newly conceived, grossly unfair, arbitrary and Security Administration's proposal are tinue to pay its rightful share of hospital unilateral action is implemented, Memorial the Kaiser Foundation Hospitals, whose costs and, thus, not eliminate the nursing will lose another $100,000 this year. general counsel, Arthur B. Rosenfeld, salary cost differential. In a not-for-profit hospital like Memorial addressed a strong letter of protest to the this means that rates charged other patients In addition, Mr. Speaker, I would like must be increased once again. This continued Commissioner of S'ocial Security, from to include in the RECORD the very con­ shifting of additional Medicare costs to the which I quote: cise and well-reasoned letter of protest private patient ultimately will bankrupt the Experience shows that elderly patients on this subject written to President Ford non-profit community hospitals in this na­ need more routine nua-sing oare than younger by Mr. John Alexander McMahon, presi­ tion. This, in turn, will result in higher costs pa.tieDits. A recent study oonducted at the to government and dangerous reduction in B1aywa.rd, (}a,lliforn:ia hospi'ta.l of Kaiser Foun­ dent of the American Hospital Associa­ the quality of care provided Americans. d.altion Hospitais ooncluded that Medd.oare tion: In an inexplainable act dating back to 1969, beneficiaries require 14 percent to 18 percent APRil. 21, 1975. the Social Security Administration eliminated more nursing care than non-Medicare pa­ President GERALD R. FoRD, the 2 percent overall allowance for such in­ tiellits. There can be no quesrtion tha.t a The White House, creased costs as inflation and in its place differeDJti&l is still appropriate. 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. gave the hospitals the 8% percent Nursing The genera.! prtnciple of reasonable oos't Washington, D .a. Salary Cost D11Ierentia.l. Because aged Medi­ relmb\M"Sement 1n the Med!ca.re Program 1s DEAR MR. PREsiDENT: On behalf of this care patients required above average routine tha.t "the share of the totaa. institutional country's hospitals, and the patients they nursing care, research studies at that time cost tha.t is borne by the program is related serve, I urge you to direct the Social Security at Memorial showed that the 8% percent to the care furnished benefiola..ries so that Administration to withdraw its proposal to Nursing allowance was in fact substantially no part of their cost wouid need to be borne terminate the nursing salary cost differential lower than the 2 percent overall allowance by other patients." "Conversely, costs art;­ for aged Medicare patients. ( 40 Federal Reg­ and markedly lower than the cost of provid­ trlbute.ble to other pa.tients of the institu­ ister 14934, April 3, 1975.) ing additional routine nursing care for the tion are not to be borne by the program." The Congress has mandated that Medicare over 65 patient. Local studies revealed that UD!less It c&n be shown tha.t Med!lca.re bene­ costs are to be borne by the Medicare pro­ aged Medicare patients, in fact, received 20 ftol:a.ries do not need more rou1:11ne nursing gram; Medicare costs are not to be shifted to percent more nursin~: care than other pa­ oare than other patlellits, el!ml.D181tlon of the non-Medicare patients or to providers of tients. routine nursing salary cost diff'erentla.l vio­ health care. The Medicare law, P.L. 89-97. Further, it was made indelibly clear in 1969 lates this pr1nolple. The fact is that Meddoare clearly states that "the costs with respect to that if any change in the 8% percent figure beneftola.ries need and receive proportiona.n.y individuals covered by the [Medicare] insur­ were considered that the adjustment would more routlne nursing OaJre than othet ance programs ... will not be borne by indi­ be based upon further research. This has not palbJ.ellits. viduals not so covered ..." (Section 1861 been done. It should be done. It is appalling (v) (1). Emphasis is mine.) that government would attempt to elimin'ate Mr. Speaker, another outstanding By proposing to eliminate the nursing sal­ this differential without so much as a. single health care leader in my home State is ary cost differential for aged Medicare pa­ study or other credible evidence showing thai Mr. Samuel J. Tibbitts, president of the tients, the Social Security Administration it should be modified in any fashion. Lutheran Hospital Society of southern (SSA) apparently intends to do what Con­ To be ca"ba.1n that you woU'ld not think California. In his recent letter to me, Mr. gress has expressly forbidden it to do: it that th1s protest is coming from a hospital proposes to shift, according to its estimates, that is making excessive cha..rges, I wouid Tibbitts has well summarized the major $120 million of Medicare costs per year to like to point out that Memol"iaJ is not only objections to SSA's proposal to termi­ non-Medicare patients or to hospitals. Such the largest non-government hospital in Cali­ nate the nursing salary differential for a. step would be inequitable and unlawful. fornia., but in a.ddl tion, has ra. tes lower than elderly Medicare patients: Non-Medicare patients and the hospitals ot any other community hospita-l in any large The nursing d11Ierential is required to this nation can ill afford to assume the finan­ city in California.. The development of qual­ reimburse our hospitals for the dispropor­ cial burden of the Medicare program. ity care at low cost has boon possible because tionately large amounts of routine nursing SSA has recognized that aged Medicare of the unselllsh deddca1l101I1 and generosity of care required by these patients. To com­ patients require greater than average the oltizens of our city. We think th1s local, pensate for this additional burden on our amounts of routine nursing care. Indeed. grass-roots support is the heart of Amer1ca's nursing staffs, we allow all our hospitals a this fact of hospital life has been an impor­ health oare dell.very progl'!&m. We strongly 22 percent additive to their staffing require­ tant feature of the Medicare program since oppose irresponsible proposa.is such as this ments in routine care areas for patients over July 1, 1969. Because "of the above average because they undermine our efforts and 65 years of age. cost of inpatient routine nursing care" fur­ move us closer and closer to expensive, low We continue to recognize an even greater nished to aged Medicare patients, the Medi­ quaia.ty hosp11laJ. ca.re. Th!ls, I am oonftdent, staffing burden as the age level of patients care regulations have provided an 8¥2 per­ you also oppose. rises. Since 1966, the number of patients over cent salary cost differential on routine nurs­ age 75 has increased considerably in our ing provided to these patients. (See 36 Fed­ Mr. Speaker, I have also received an hospitals. eral Register 12606, July 2, 1971.) These reg­ excellent letter from Mr. John Brewer, In summary, it is evident tha,t aged Medi­ ulations say: executive vice president of the Hospital care patients constitute a real additional "Studies have indicated that aged pa­ Council of Southern California. Mr. burden on the total resources of our health tients ... on the average, receive inpatient Brewer's letter strongly supports the care institutions, and ignorance of that fact routine nursing care that is more costly on statements Mr. Hines addressed to the may lead to the deterioration of the quality the average per day basts than the average of patient care. of the remainder of the adult non-maternity !President. I would like to include a por­ patient population. It is appropriate that the tion of Mr. Brewer's letter in the I have also received a letter from Mr. greater costs of providing these services.. RECORD: William M. Whelan, executive vice pres­ which are attributable to caring for [Medi­ OUr 250 hospi~ls in the Hospital Counoll ident of the California Hospital Associa­ care] beneficiaries and which are sufficiently of Southern caJ.if'ornlla are extremely con­ tion, on this important matter. I would supported by studies, be recognized by the cerned in regard to the proposed deletion at like to include in the CONGRESSIONAL program and its reimbursement." (Emphasis the 8% % nursing salaJry cost differelllfiia.l for RECORD at this point a portion of Mr. again is mine.) Medioare patients. Whelan's fine letter: What SSA acknowledged in 1971 remains In Publll.c La.w 89-97 (Medicare Law) Con­ true today. Aged Medicare patients continue gress manda'bed th181t Med·lc:a.re oosts be borne There is no question that hospitals will to require disproportionately large amounts by the Medioare program. The termma;tton develop serious financial problems if in fact for nursing care; they continue to incur of the nursing differenrt1a.l violates thds oon­ the differential is to be eliminated. Elimina­ greater than average routine nursing costs. tion of the differential will clearly require gressiolll8J intent, for tt wili shdft Medi'C'8ol"e Yet SSA now proposes to terminate this California. hospitals to shift costs to direct necessary 8% percent nursing care differen­ program costs to non-Medlie&re pa.tlents, an payers, impede their ab111ty to provide amount SSA estimates at $120 m1111on per tial-without apparent benefit of a. single charity care, force the elimination of vital study or a. single fact which justifi.es such year. If SSA eD.Iac'ts this proposal, it wlll community services and could bring finan­ action. force hospLtals to increase thelT charges to cial insolvency to hospitals that are just now SSA offers three explanations for its pro­ non-Medicare patients as their only mea.ns able to break even. posal. ( 40 Federal Register 11934, April 3 .. of recovering their losses. We do not thlnk The nursing care differential is now paid 1975.) However, not one of the explanations

1------·- -- May 14, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14447 is relevant, let a.lone a justification of the H.R. 7000 phasis in education be on the child. That action which SSA proposes. A bill to amend title XVIII of the Social may seem simplistic, but it may be the First, SSA notes that since 1972, Medicare Security Act to require the continued ap­ most enduring contribution of the ESEA. benefits have been ex•tended to certain dis­ plication of the nursing salary cost differ­ abled persons and to persons with end-stage In these past years, we have drastically ential which is presently allowed in deter­ changed the focus of education away renal disease, beneficiaries who are not aged, mining the reasonable cost of inpatient and who may not require above average rou­ nursing care for purposes of reimburse­ from school buildings, teacher problems, tine nursing care. The Medicare program ment to providers under the medicare and school administration to the ques­ bas been so extended. But SSA appears to program tion of how to enable millions of chil­ overlook the faot that only care for aged dren to perform better in school and how beneficiaries--and not these new Medicare Be it enacted by the Senate and House of to equip schools and teachers to help beneficiaries (save a few maternity or pedi­ Representatives of the United States of atric patients) -qualifies for the nursing America in Congress assembled, That the last them. "Instead of blaming the children care differential. Moreover, these new Medi­ sentence of section 1861(v) (1) (A) of the so­ for failing to fit the school, ESEA asked care beneficiaries constitute a very small cial Security Act is amended by striking out the schools to fit the child, to assess the portion of the Medicare population. There "and (ii)" and inserting in lieu thereof the particular needs of their students, and are about 21.4 million aged Medicare bene­ following: "(ii) provide in any event for the to devise individualized and effective pre­ ficiaries, less than 1.8 mlllion d1sabled Medi­ allowance of an inpatient routine nursing scriptions for them," writes Samuel Hel­ care beneficiaries, and only about 21,500 end­ s::Llary cost differential of at least 87'2 percent, perin, one of the architects of the act. stage renal Medicare beneficiaries. as a reimbursable cost of inpatient nursing The ESEA has had other benefits, too. Second, SSA suggests that aged Medicare care, in recognition of the above-average cost patients now receive more trealtment in in­ of furnishing such care to aged patients, and It energized the movement toward equal tensive care, coronary care and other special (iii)". educational opportunity with special pro­ care units, where the higher unit nursing visions for children of migrant workers, costs for such patients are bunt into the juvenile delinquents, children who speak reimbursement formula for treatment in one language at home and another at such. However, the existing regulSitlons ex­ ESEA 10 YEARS LATER school, and preschool children. A basic pressly take this into account: no routine principle behind ESEA is that disadvan­ nursing care differential is now paid for such taged children are entitled to above­ patients. The growth of special care units HON. LEE H. HAMILTON provides no justification to eUmina.te the average educational expenditures. The routine nursing care differentla.l with respect OF INDIANA ESEA has also involved parents and the to aged beneficiaries who continue to receive IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES community in the schools through the treatment in regular care f&clllties. Indeed, Wednesday, May 14, 1975 use of parent advisory councils and other the vast majority of aged Medicare benefici­ mechanisms, and it has promoted coop­ aries are st111 treated in such fac111ties. Mr. HAMll.JTON. Mr. Speaker, with eration between public and nonpublic Third, SSA claims that the 1972 changes scarcely a notice, the Nation has quietly schools by centering funds in the pub­ in Medicare cost apportionment require­ slipped by a significant anniversary. Ten lic schools while insisting that they had ments somehow ellminate the need for the years ago this April the Congress and nursing care differential. To the contrary, an obligation as public trustee for all the 1972 changes in cost apportionment-­ the President enacted the Elementary children. which require separate calculation of rou­ and Secondary Education Act of 1965- ESEA has also promoted an emphasis tine cost and special care unit cost-assure ESEA. Even in the midst of Vietnam, on better evaluation of educational pro­ tha,.t the nursing care differential is paid budget deficits, and high unemployment, grams to assure that public funds result only for routine nursing care of aged bene­ it is worth asking ourselves whether in advances in leaming. The emphasis ficiaries. This refined application of the dif­ this landmark education bill is succeed­ of the ESEA on measuring the educa­ ferential is hardly a reason for its elimina­ ing and what we have achieved with the tion. It is an additional compelllng reason tional outcome of educational programs for its retention. $17 billion appropriated under ESEA over by academic performance has added im­ In short, the nursing care differential is the past decade. petus to the improvement of the evalua­ now paid only where it is required, that is, In a financial sense, ESEA's contribu­ tion and accountability of the programs. to reimburse hospitals for the disproportion­ tion to education has been modest, ESEA has strengthened State education­ ately large amounts of routine nursing care amounting to about $40 per year per al agencies in every State, which have required by aged Medicare beneficiaries. If pupil, about 3 percent of the total school the Medicare program is to .function in ac­ become better staffed and more profes­ budget each year. But the number of sional. State departments of education cordance with intent of Congress and the dollars is not the only determinant of Medicare law, if Medicare is to pay its right­ have added over 2,000 needed staff mem­ ful share of hospitals costs, then this differ­ impact. I have come to believe that ESEA bers and increased planning, training, ential must be retained. has had an impact far beyond its dol­ evaluation, and management systems. When the nursing care differential was first lars, with an enormous multiplier effect The critical test of ESEA, of course, is adopted, SSA proposed to undertake further throughout education. whether it has helped children learn. No studies "to ascertain what variations In dif­ In the past 10 years a remarkable con­ final answer can be given to that ques­ ferentials should be established" in the fu­ sensus has emerged about the Federal ture and "to obtain other pertinent data on tion because the factors in a child's edu­ role in education that almost causes us cation are too complex to single out any nursing care costs" in order to assess the con­ to forget the virulent conflicts over the tinued appropriateness of the 8~ percent one factor for credit. But tests do show factor. 20 C.F.R. § 405.430 (c) (1). SSA stipu­ church-state relationship, desegregation, that today's young readers, for example, lated that such studies would be a condition distribution formulas, and fear of Fed­ seem better, on the average, than those precedent to any modification of the differ­ eral control of education that prevented of previous years. ential. To our knowledge, SSA has not con­ passage of any large-scale Federal aid ESEA has also had it problems. Aca­ ducted any such studies. The American Hos­ to elementary and secondary schools for demic achievement is not rising every­ pital Association stands ready to cooperate many years. Today renewal of the ESEA with SSA in planning and executing such where; some of the money has not been is never in doubt-it passed the House of well spent; the needs of many children studies. But AHA and its members cannot ac­ Representatives in 1974 by the lopsided cept elimination of the differential without are not being met; and some provisions so much as a single study or other credible vote 328 to 26-re:fiecting the consensus of the act, such as the provision to estab­ evidence showing that it should be modified that, although aid to education is no lish national education research labora­ in any fashion. panacea, the Federal Government has a tories, have not worked well. But, on bal­ On behalf of the hospitals of the United role in helping local school districts cope ance, the lOth anniversary of ESEA is States, I respectfully urge you, Mr. President, with special national problems, such as worth noting. The act has had some im­ to withdraw this baseless, unlawful proposal. the educational problems of disadvan­ Because of their interest, I have taken the pressive achievements. It has gained Uberty of sharing this letter with Caspar W. taged children, education is basically a broad acceptance and, though it may not Weinberger, James B. Cardwell and James T. local function, and Federal dollars and measure up in all respects to some of the Lynn. direction should be limited. The ESEA is claims of its staunchest supporters, the Sincerely, no longer viewed as a high-risk experi­ evidence is looking better all of the time. [s] JoHN ALEXANDER McMAHoN, ment but as a solid block in the Nation's This newsletter was written on the President. educational superstructure. basis of an article by Samuel Halperin, Finally, I want to print the full text of ESEA has highlighted the special entitled "The Great Education Act: my bill, H.R. 7000: needs of children and insisted that em- ESEA 10 Years Later." 14448 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 14, 1975 ENGINEERS ACCEPT LOWER WAGES He said about 100 union members who sponsiveness and remains a credit to TO INCREASE JOBS a,ttended two meetl.ngs where the question the Federal Government: was considered gave the question unanimous voice-vote approval each time. REMARKS BY THE HONORABLE RICHARD L. Rou­ Spillers said the action by the union "could DEBUSH HON. RAY THORNTON be a landmark decision for Arkansas and The fact that this Regional Management OF ARKANSAS this part of the country." He praised Wllliams Institute has been an annual feature for six­ for a "bold step." teen years says a great deal about its value IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "I believe it will motivate other labor lead­ to the Veterans' Administration and is a pos­ Wednesday, May 14, 1975 ers and workers to join with contractors in itive commentary on the way it has been helping reduce the costs of construction proj­ conducted. Mr. THORNTON. Mr. Speaker, one of ects and get jobs started," Spillers said. This is a prestigious event. You know of the great strengths of America is the will­ "A substantial amount of new construction the reputation it has gained over the years ingness of its people to share in overcom­ work is held up because of the tremendous and of the attention given it by Central Of­ ing difficulties. escalation in cost," he said. fice and throughout VA. This institute has Last month, the 2,500-member Oper­ He said the contractors respected the union been important for the last fifteen years and ating Engineers Union, Local 382, agreed for taking the initiative in helping contrac­ it has been productive. to reduce wages in order to help reduce tors to be more CO!Inpetitive. The action, But I think that now, in the sixteenth Spillers said, "will put people back to work." year of its existence, there is an even greater the costs of construction projects and get Though apparently not the first time ever need for the study of good management prac­ jobs started in Arkansas. This action re­ for a union and an employer to agree on tices in VA and that there are even more flects a genuine concern by working peo­ lower wage rates 1n Arkansas, this agreement compelling rea.sc>ns for each study to produce ple that we must find ways of improving is the first wage-lowering contract to be re­ tangible results. employment opportunities for our unem­ ported in recent history. If Congress provides the funds we have ployed. I wanted to share the report of The new agreement, like the one it amends, requested, you and I will have administra­ this story which appeared in the Arkan­ will expire Apr1130, 1976. tive responsibility in a sixteen and one-half sas Democrat, and I hope it will encour­ Newsmen attempted to determine how billion dollar enterprise starting the first of much of a construction cost reduction might July. age us to establish programs to put our be traceable to the lowered wage scales. This is such a large sum of money that I unemployed to work without requiring One contractor at the news conference said have it underlined here on my speech copy. them to bear the whole cost of our falter­ that recent bids on a Fort Smith contract It is too large an amount for any of us to ing economy: for construction of a Whirlpool factory in­ really comprehend . . . yet you and I and UNION LOWERS WAGE SCALE cluded $140,000 bid for site preparation work. others throughout VA a.re going to be asked That bidder indicated this amount could be to allocate it properly and spend it wisely With the approval of about 100 of its 2,500 next fiscal year. statewide members, the Operating Engineers, reduced by $10,000 if nonunion workers were hired. The nonunion rates are roughly com­ Just five years ago, when the Tenth Re­ AFir-CIO, Local 382, has executed an agree­ gional Management Institute was conducted, ment lowering members• wage rates. parable to the rates of the new agreement, he said. Administrator Don Johnson spoke at this The agreement was announced Friday by banquet and noted that VA was making plans V. H. "Bill" Williams, the union's business for an eight and one-half billion dollar manager, and Ray Spillers, chairman of the budget. Labor Committee of Associated General Con­ REMARKS OF VA ADMINISTRATOR Now I don't suggest a strict relationship tractors of Arkansas. RICHARD L. ROUDEBUSH between the size of our budget and the state Williams said he initiated the wage-reduc­ of our managerial skills. I don't even know ing agreement to create more jobs. for sure what measurements we could apply The reductions range from $2.82 an hour to see if management is twice as good as it to $1.24 an hour, dropping rates from $9.20 to HON. GEORGE M. O'BRIEN was five years ago. $6.38 at the top level and from $6.40 to $5.16 OF ILLINOIS I am sure that it is not twice as good and an hour at the bottom level. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I don't think we could reasonably expect it The lowered wages will help reduce con­ to be. struction costs and make it easier for con­ Wednesday, May 14, 1975 But I am equally sure that as more of the tractors employing union members to win Mr. O'BRIEN. Mr. Speaker, all of us resources of our government ... more of construction contracts over those who hire the taxpayers dollars ... go into this huge nonunion workers, Williams said. in Congress face a daily struggle to keep agency of ours that administrative skill be­ The new rates apply only to work done un­ big Government responsive to the needs comes more important and administrative der construction contracts obtained by con­ of individual Americans. accountability more critical. tractors after Friday's announcement. Work But we are not the only arm of the I am not speaking just of top management being done under existing contracts will not Government faced with this problem. within VA, although I know that my own be affected. One of the largest personal service agen­ responsibility increases as VA grows, and The union membership includes operators I know that it is to top management that of cranes, draglines, bulldozers, shovels, motor cies in the Federal Government is the Veterans' Administration. Each of our Congress and the public look 1n event of ad­ patrols, end loaders and backhoes for such minlstrative breakdown. site preparation work as clearing, excavating, constituencies are tiny in comparison to I am speaking also of the many employees grading and compaction. the VA's which numbers more than 29 to whom top management tasks fall a.t all However, many operators of such equip­ million veterans of all wars. If you add levels of VA operation, of those who make ment do not belong to the union. That-­ the close relatives of these veterans, you decisions regarding programs and operations along with a general slackening in construc­ find that the VA provides services that throughout the system. tion-has helped put union members out of touch half our Nation's population. The American people are paying more for work. Staying responsive to the needs of such their government than ever before and it fol­ Williams said he figured 20 to 25 per cent lows that they are entitled to more adminis­ of the union's members were out of work a vast number of people is a massive job trative skills and the greater productivity because of the construction slowdown. by any standard. The chain of command that will result. "Your contract wage rate may be $10 or is a long one, running from the Adminis­ And . . . while I am on the subject of $12 an hour, but that doesn't mean anything trator here in the Washington central money . . . I hope that those in charge of if the contractor isn't competitive and there office to the individual VA employee who your sessions have emphasized the point that isn't any work for our members,'' W1lliams makes personal contact with veterans. professional pay calls for professional per­ said in a prepared statement. formance and that individual levels of effi­ "We went to the contractors asking for Obviously any operation of that size has imperfections and people are quick ciency that were appropriate and tolerable this agreement," he said. "We beUeve it makes ten, or even five years ago are 1n many cases sense to help the contractor be more competi­ to point them out. Yet despite these prob- no longer acceptable. tive and get work started rather than have lems, th'e Veterans' Administration does I think it is also good to remind ourselves our people out of work drawing no pay." an outstanding job handling thousands, that while operating funds for VA have gone He said it was obvious to him that "the sometimes even millions of veteran-con­ up steadily, year after year, this 1s a trend wage rates had priced our workers out of nected cases daily. that 1s not necessarily irreversible. We may be jobs because the contractor couldn't perform Today I would like to call your atten­ called on to do more with less and we must the work on a competitive basts," and he tion to the remarks given by Richard L. develop the ability to do so. asked for authority to negotiate lower wage But money, With a.ll its implications . . . rates. Roudebush, Administrator of Veterans• more money, less money, the need to spend "It 1s my responsib111ty to keep these people Affairs at the VA's 16th Regional Man­ wlsely, the need to earn our sa.la.rtes ... 1s working," Williams said. agement Institute on Aprll 24. not the only reason that this is a particu­ The union's 15-member executive board I think they will give you some in­ larly important time to stress better man­ approved, Willlatns sa.J.d. sights into how the VA maintains its re- agement within VA. May 14, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14449 We serve more veterans and more veter­ tion that VA employees have traditionally The fiscal and monetary policies are ans' dependents today that at anytime 1n the shown toward that mission. designed to bring the economy to its past and proopects are that our clientele And certainly there must be no change knees-the regulatory policies, to keep will continue to grow. in our recognition that we are here ... it there. The fact that we also have more employ­ first, last and always ... to provide service Two regulatory agencies that are most ees to provide this service does not, I be­ to veterans and their survivors and de­ lieve, dlmlnish the need for higher standards pendents. effective in stifting economic growth are of achievement on the part of each employee. Service is . . . and has got to be . . . the Environmental Protection Agency, This is true because we are also being the guiding princ.iple of VA because it is EPA, and the Occupational Safety and called on to admlnlster a greater number all we have to offer. Health Administration, OSHA. The fol­ of progra.ms and they are programs of a more Good administrative policies and good ad­ lowing excerpt from an article by Allen complex and more sophisticated nature. ministrative practices ... at any level, at Fulford, which appeared in the April 23, As new concepts concerning needs of vet­ your installation or in Washington, in your 1975, issue of the Southeast Farm Press, erans in this changing world emerge and as office or mine . . . are good only if they demonstrates how these agencies affect DJeW methods of meeting these needs are produce good service at the only level where perfected, there must be an accompanying service exists . . . at the meeting place be­ just one segment of our economy-agri­ evolution of management methods to ac­ tween a VA employee and the veteran or culture. commodate to thooe developments. dependent who needs our help. Project this to all aspects of the econ­ This is not new to you, of course, and it The ultimate test of good management, omy and you can see why, if our economy is not news to VA. VA's ways of adminll.ster­ and the only worthwhile test, is how ef­ is to survive and remain productive, these ing help have changed constantly and stress fectively our veterans are taken care of. and other such agencies must be abol­ has always been put on improvement. VA is an agency that deals entirely with ished. But it seems to me that we are today at individuals, their plans and their problems. The article follows: a crossroads of events and lnfiuenees that will Our business is conducted, generally, through make the future considerably different from a matchup of one veteran and one public [From the Southeast Farm Press, Apr. 23, the past. servant. 1975] The Vietnam War has ended but has left If the employee fails, it does not mean that EPA AND OSHA COSTING FARMERS a large number of veterans who need assist­ all of VA fails, but it does mean that our (By Allen Fulford) ance of various kinds. Veterans· of World effectiveness has been diminished and it Well, we just heard that USDA is cutting War II and Korea are reaching the age where does add up to failure in the opinion of the more and more of them will need medical off funds for the control of the fire ant. veteran. One of the reasons given is that the EPA care and financial help. Over one million I know you are aware of the consequences World War I veterans and even a few Spanish of such a breakdown in the fulfillment of will not allow but one application of mirex American War veterans are still with us and our responsibilities and don't need them every 12 months. fire have special needs. spelled out for you. But I hope you are more USDA says to effectively control the Not only are there more veterans living ant an area must be treated at least three than just aware of these consequences. times, six months apart. They say efforts today than at any time in our history but I hope you are skillful in describing them they have a wider range of ages than ever to those you supervise and skillful and in­ b8.3ed on one application every 12 months before and their needs are equally diverse. sistent in helping them to correct practices are token at best; and therefore a waste of And, because people live longer now, there that may lead to our giving less service than money. will for the foreseeable future be a large we should or giving it less effectively. .ANOTHER ROUND veteran population ranging from young to To me, these are management skills and Chalk up another round for EPA. How very old. they make you extremely valuable to VA many rounds Will it take before EPA scores a There are also the needs of the dependents if you have them. knockout punch? EPA and OSHA have al­ of all these veterans to consider. I hope you can go one step further in this ready put this nation on it's knees. How Further. we are changing our ways of direction. I hope you can help the people much can we take before being flattened? doing things as we learn more about the you work with to see the great significance EPA and OSHA regula.tions have probably requirements of those we help and as we of what they are doing ... help them to contributed more to infiation than any other institute the more complex and more sophis­ see the great force for good that they may single factor including the increased price of ticated programs I have spoken of. be both for the individuals they assist and imported crude oil, yet our national news Management needs have changed as we for society. media, public watchdogs that they are, re­ have moved away from the old practice of It is on such on-the-job self respect by fuse to even approach the truth about EPA providing a hospital bed for every veteran large numbers of employees that the morale and OSHA. with medical problems and have opened of an agency is built. It is from individual CONSUMER UNAWARE outpatienlt clinics, made arrangements for pride and satisfaction that agency pride de­ The average American had no idea that home care, helped states build facilities and velops. Congress was even thinking about the cur­ have otherwise offered a variety of health I have a strong feeling that if you can rent Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and services. help build respect, pride and esprit de corps Rodenticide Act that EPA now administers Management needs have changed as we among your associates many of your man­ and the creation of the Occupational Safety have gained the a.b111ty to save lives and to agement problems will take care of them­ and Health Act. restore usefulness with more advanced med­ selves. I believe that if the average American ical techniques. knew what these two agencies were doing he Management needs have changed as we would demand that they be abolished or their put Vet-Reps on college campuses, provided ABOLISH EPA AND OSHA absolute power be curtailed drastically. But free long-distance telephone service for our the average American is not going to know veterans, put mobile vans on the road, put because the national news media is not going into service new methods of data retrieval to tell him. and as we have done the countless other HON. LARRY McDONALD They would rather report scandals like things that make VA today so very different OF GEORGIA Watergate, what the bird watchers in New from the VA of just a few years ago. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES York thought about killing those birds 1n Management needs will continue to change Kentucky or maybe that some freak from the as programs are altered and improved, as Wednesday, May 14, 1975 concrete abyss of Chicago thinks about put­ those to whom our mission is directed change ting a safe insecticide like Mirex out in and as the society of which they are a part Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. Georgia to kill a pesky fire ant. Personally, I changes. Speaker, our deteriorating economy 1s would like to see some of these self anointed There is another side to all this, of course, the result of the fiscal, monetary, and experts on our environment forced to stand and perhaps it is more positive. The other regulatory policies of the Federal Gov­ in a. bed of fire ants about five minutes. But side is that our service has been able to ernment. that's not likely to happen either. change and Improve because we have im­ Deficit spending as a fiscal policy ne­ WRITE LETTERS proved our management skills ... and that cessitates expanding the money supply What can farmers do then? Write letters. this process will continue. by means of the Federal Reserve System Sound simple? It is. But how few letters our Both sides describe the usefulness of this and the consequence is inflation and ris­ lawmakers receive from their constituents. t:iiStt'tUte. You are here to learn how to meet ing prices. One Senator told a friend of mine that he changing conditions. And you are here to On top of this the Government adds figured one letter represented the views of learn how to make constructive changes of its avalanche of regulations, which re­ 50,000 people. your own. strict freedom of action, stifie initiative, That was based on the a.vera.ge number of But maybe I speak too much o! change. letters he received on each bffi that he voted Certainly there will be no change in the and outlaw innovation-all the condi­ tions necessary for the rapid adjustment on. Very few farmers realize the impact that mission of our agency and I hope there will just one letter has. It is way past time farmers be no deviation 1n the loyalty and ded1ca- and growth of the economy. 14450 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE May 15, 1975 let themselves be heard and not just talking TO LIVE IN AMERICA BE A REAL reflected the attitudes of the millions of to each other at country stores and other AMERICAN average Americans who have made our coun­ gathering places. try what is is today. NIT-PICKING To find out, I set forth with a tape re­ dustry people concerning nit-picking rules corder. To get a truly representative re­ HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI sponse, I also borrowed my neighbor Mad Some of the facts related to me by in­ OF ILLINOIS Marvin's time machine. Here is the tran­ and regulations they are forced to adhere to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES script: by EPA are enough to create a national Q. Mr. Lopez, are you opposed to the im­ scandal. Wednesday, May 14, 1975 migration of South V1etnamese refugees to Rules and regulations are passed on to in­ the United States? dustry without any regard to cost or possible Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, con­ A. Sure, man. They just gonna bring in consequences. These added costs are passed sistent with the House debate on the diseases and take away our jobs. We got a on to the farmer but he cannot add these Indochina Migration and Refugee Assist­ recession here and we oughta take care of costs to his selllng price; he has to take ance Act, I wish to place in the RECORD our own first. I got it bad enough makin' what the "Market" is. But you ca.n bet EPA at this time, an article by Michael Kilian payments on my motorcycle. Why they want and OSHA's influence is reflected in every­ of the Chicago Tribune, May 4, which to come to America, anyway? Why don't they thing he buy~quipment, repair parts, with a light touch, dramatizes some of stay in their own place? pesticides, tools, fert111zer, etc. the objections we heard on the :floor Q. Mrs. Bernstein, are you opposed to the to­ immigration of Cuban refugees to the United LABEL COSTS day from Members who, for various al­ States? Talk to any basic manufacturer about the leged reasons, opposed this bill. A. Yes! They'll come in here with their cost of getting a label for a pesticide starting The article follows: cigar leaves and ruin Miami. They don't even from scratch. I wonder sometimes why To LIVE IN AMERICA BE A REAL AMERICAN speak English. If they don't like that Castro they even try. (By Michael Kilian) of theirs, that's their problem. Last spring I was talking to the office of Q. Mr. Antonelli, are you opposed to the Seeing the generous American spirit in ac­ immigration of Jewish war refugees to the one of our Georgia Lawmakers about there­ tion is enough to warm the cockles of the United States? entry standards being proposed for cotton by heart. A. You betcha. We fight the war for them; EPA. They were trying to keep anyone from To about 212 degrees Fahrenheit. what more do they want? I didn't build no going into cotton fields until seven days had Consider the response of so many of our concentration camps. They just come in and elapsed after applying Parathion. I inquired glorious elected leaders to the decision to take our businesses. I work hard for what I how EPA could ignore expert testimony given allow between 50,000 and 70,000 South Viet­ got. Send them to Palestine where they namese refugees to immigrate to the United belong. at hearings all over the U.S. and stlll pro­ States. pose such ridiculous regulations. His answer Q. Mrs. Kosinski, are you opposed to let­ You would have thought the South Viet­ ting more Italian immigrants into the United was, "Mr. Fulford, this crowd is doing jll8t namese were black welfare mothers trying to as they dainn well please." States? crash the Daughters of the American Revolu­ A. I am. They shiftless and gangsters and LICENSE REQUIREMENTS tion. smell up the neighborhood with their cook­ Well, I believe him. Farmers are really A proposed resolution welcoming the refu­ ing. We got a nice neighborhood. We work going to believe, too, when they get through gees was resolutely voted down by a margin hard for our houses in steel mill. No Italians! going to school and taking exams for a li­ of 7 to 1 in the Seattle city council. Other Q. Mrs. Kelly, are you opposed to letting politicians in such enlightened provinces as Polish refugees immigrate to the United cense to apply pesticides. That's right. In California yelled and screamed about how case you haven't heard, anyone who applies States? the South Viets would bring in strange A. Sure, that I am. They may be Catholic. a restricted use pesticide after October 21, jungle diseases and take away American jobs. 1976 wlll have to be certifled. That means but they don't speak English. They don't Instead of congratulating President Ford know how to vote. 'Twa.sn't easy for us, you every farmer in our country. and the Pentagon on their last-minute rescue know. We're not going to give up what's ours Imagine if you will, farmers everywhere or some 6,000 refugees from Peoples' Libera­ to any Poles. sitting in classrooms attending classes on tion beheading squads, the carping liberals Q. Mr. Haynesworth, are you opposed to pesticides and then taking an exam to see on Capitol Hill complained that Ford Vio­ allowing Irish immigrants into the United if they are qualifled to apply them. Sound lated their precious War Powers Act in doing States? so. ridiculous? It is, especially, in view of the A. Wha.t, those drunken bog-trotters? They What are a few heads when it comes to the need not apply. We didn't cause their potato excellent safety record farmers everywhere sanctity of liberal legislation? Besides, most have in the application of pesticides. famine. If they have no potatoes, let them of those refugees really aren't "people," but drink whisky. But not here. America for the Can you imagine how much this venture merely members of the South Vietnamese Americans. is going to cost? how many wasted hours? riuddle class. Chief Running Fox, are you opposed to let­ the red tape? the bureaucratic lollygagging Such hypocritical knavery is to be ex­ ting English immigrants settle in America? and just plain needless effort that wlll be ex­ pected of elected leaders, especially those on A. Me opposed. No English. America for pended by this monster created by congress? Capitol Hill. But I wondered if they truly Americans.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Thursday, May 15, 1975 The House met at 10 o'clock a.m. THE JOURNAL providing for the printing as a House docu­ Rev. Edward H. Porter, Hughes United ment of the hearings and panels of the Se­ The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam­ lect Committee on Committees; and Methodist Church, Wheaton, Md., of­ ined the Journal of the last day's pro­ H. Con. Res. 146. Concurrent resolution fered the following prayer: ceedings and announces to the House authorizing the printing of a revised edition Our Father, we thank You for the his approval thereof. of the booklet entitled "The History and Op­ blessings of community whereby Your Without objection, the Journal stands eration of the House Majority Whip Orga­ gifts feed us, teach us, defend us, and approved. nization-94th Congress." enrich us in many ways. There was no objection. The message also announced that the We pray for our Nation-assist its resi­ Senate had passed a bill and joint and dents to enlarge their responsibility for concurrent resolutions of the following one another. Help its leaders to lead MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE titles, in which the concurrence of the wisely. Bring us all to a deeper devotion A message from the Senate by Mr. House is requested: to the common good. Sparrow, one of its clerks, announced S. 1509. An act to prohibit pyramid sales Give health of body, mind, and spirit that the Senate had passed without transactions, and for other purposes; to the Members of this Congress. Sus­ amendment concurrent resolutions of S.J. Res. 41. Joint Tesolution to provide for tain them in the anguish of difficult de­ the House of the following titles: the reappointtnent of Thomas J. Watson, Jr .• cisions, the rigor of hard work, and the as citizen regent of the Board of Regents o! H. Con. Res. 44. Concurrent resolution the Smithsonian Institution; role of dedicated servant. providing !or the printing of a revised edi­ S.J. Res. 42. Joint resolution to provide for Help them to trust in You in the times tion of the House document, "Our American the reappointment of Dr. John Nicholas of turmoil and testing knowing that the Government. What Is It? How Does It Brown as citizen regent of the Board of Re­ hands into which we commit ourselves Function?"; gents of the Smithsonian Institution; and are t.Pnder and dependable. Amen. H. Con. Res. 117. Concurrent resolution S. Con. Res. 36. Concurrent resolution a.u-