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The Use of Plant Growth Regulators for Branching of Nursery Trees in NY State Mario Miranda Sazo1 and Terence L
The Use of Plant Growth Regulators for Branching of Nursery Trees in NY State Mario Miranda Sazo1 and Terence L. Robinson2 1Cornell Cooperative Extension, Lake Ontario Fruit Program, Newark, NY 2Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, Geneva, NY he quality of nursery trees has a large impact on early pro- the use of Maxcel has been adopted by Italian nurserymen and is a duction and profitability of high density systems. Today, key step for the successful production of well feathered “knip-boom” nurserymen are not only asked to produce trees of good cali- apple trees. Depending on cultivar, Italian nurserymen apply from 1 T per but also highly to 4 Maxcel treatments with spray intervals of 5-7 days depending A new plant growth regulator, cyclanilide branched trees for on temperatures after application (Dr. Walter Guerra, Italy, personal “ the Tall Spindle communication). Since 2009, a new branching agent, cyclanilide (Tradename=Tiberon) very effectively system with short, (Tiberon formulated by Bayer Environmental Science, N.C. USA), induced lateral branching in nursery well positioned lat- has been available in the US for use in outdoor nurseries of apple, trees of 4 apple cultivars in the warm eral branches with sweet cherry, pear, and plum in Florida, Idaho, Oregon, Michigan, and humid year of 2010 in NY State. wide crotch angles. and Washington States. It is not currently registered for tree fruit This has required nursery use in New York State, Europe, or elsewhere. However, it also stopped shoot growth nurseries to im- Studies of the effects of Tiberon for branch induction of nursery for several weeks and reduced final prove their man- apple trees (and other fruit species) were conducted by Dr. -
ISTA Flower Seed Committee
Saturday, 19 June 2010 Agenda Point (9:00-9:30) ISTA Flower Seed Committee PART 1: Report 2007-2010 Zita Ripka Saturday, 19 June 2010 Agenda Point (9:00-9:30) RULES DEVELOPMENT A.1 Introduction of New Methods Sand media for Alcea rosea germination 2008 Evaluation of Salvia seedlings 2009 A.2 Introduction of New Species Felicia spp. 2008-2010 A.3 Introduction of Rules Changes –see Felicia A.2 Saturday, 19 June 2010 Agenda Point (9:00-9:30) PUBLICATIONS B.1 Rules accompanying publications: The first ISTA Handbook on Flower Seed Testing was issued in October 2008 Saturday, 19 June 2010 Agenda Point (9:00-9:30) WORK SHEETS BY THE GENERA Ageratum houstonianum Gaillardia spp. (2) Antirrhinum majus Gazania rigens Begonia spp. (2) Helichrysum bracteatum Bellis perennis Impatiens spp. (2) Calendula officinalis Matthiola spp. (2) Callistephus chinensis Pelargonium Zonale Group Celosia argentea Petunia x hybrida Coreopsis spp. (4) Salvia spp. (8) Cosmos spp. (2) Tagetes spp. (3) Cyclamen persicum Thunbergia alata Dahlia pinnata Viola spp. (3) Dianthus spp. (5) Zinnia spp. (2) Total 50 species Saturday, 19 June 2010 Agenda Point (9:00-9:30) WORK SHEETS FINISHED IN 2010 FROM PAST YEARS –Limonium spp. Limonium bellidifolium (Gouan) Dumort. Matted Sea Lavender Limonium bonduellei (T. Lestib.) Kuntze Limonium gerberi Soldano Sea Lavender Limonium sinuatum (L.) Mill. statice Saturday, 19 June 2010 Agenda Point (9:00-9:30) WORK SHEETS UNFINISHED FROM PAST YEARS – Centaurea spp. and Amberboa moschata Centaurea americana Nutt. basket flower Centaurea cyanus L. bachelor’s button, cornflower Centaurea dealbata Willd. Persian cornflower Centaurea gymnocarpa Moris et De Not. -
Phylogenetic Relationships of Brassicaceae Species Based on Matk Sequences
Pak. J. Bot., 44(2): 619-626, 2012. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF BRASSICACEAE SPECIES BASED ON MATK SEQUENCES LEI LIU1, BO ZHAO1, DUNYAN TAN2 AND JIANBO WANG1* 1 Key Laboratory of the MOE for Plant Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China 2 College of Forestry Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Orumqi, 830052, China *Corresponding author E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract The chloroplast gene matK, located in the intron of chloroplast trnK, encodes maturase, and variations of matK provide substantial resolution for phylogenetic analyses at intergeneric levels. Sequence data from 127 species (including subspecies and varieties) of Brassicaceae and one outgroup specie (Cleome gynandra) were used to construct the phylogeny of this family and elucidate the phylogenetic relationships therein using the neighbor-joining, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood methods. The phylogenetic results generally confirmed recently established tribal alignments and indicated that most of the 27 tribes were assigned to Lineages I–III. We found that the Orychophragmus violaceus complex, including O. violaceus, O. taibaiensis, O. hupehensis, and O. diffuses, which are native to China, should be subsumed under Lineage II, and was most closely associated with the tribe Brassiceae. Arabis was confirmed to be polyphyletic and one subclade shared a sister relationship with Boechereae, while A. alpine related species formed the other clade, which was not associated with any tribes. Previous analyses placed Conringia planisiliqua in tribe Brassiceae, but it was included within Isatideae in the current analyses, supporting previous hypotheses that it was a member of this tribe. Introduction analyses (Franzke et al., 2009; Couvreur et al., 2010), which used a molecular clock model to estimate the age Brassicaceae comprises a large family with members of the family as well as that of the major lineages and distributed worldwide; most are distributed in the tribes. -
Comprehensive Assessment of Organic Apple Production in Vermont: Experience from Two Orchard Systems, 2006-2013 Terence L
University of Vermont ScholarWorks @ UVM Graduate College Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 2015 Comprehensive Assessment of Organic Apple Production in Vermont: Experience from Two Orchard Systems, 2006-2013 Terence L. Bradshaw University of Vermont Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis Part of the Agricultural Economics Commons, and the Horticulture Commons Recommended Citation Bradshaw, Terence L., "Comprehensive Assessment of Organic Apple Production in Vermont: Experience from Two Orchard Systems, 2006-2013" (2015). Graduate College Dissertations and Theses. 327. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/327 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks @ UVM. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate College Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UVM. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF ORGANIC APPLE PRODUCTION IN VERMONT: EXPERIENCE FROM TWO ORCHARD SYSTEMS, 2006-2013 A Dissertation Presented by Terence L. Bradshaw to The Faculty of the Graduate College of The University of Vermont In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Specializing in Plant and Soil Science May, 2015 Defense Date: March 25, 2014 Dissertation Examination Committee: Josef H. Gorres, Ph. D., Advisor Robert L. Parsons, Ph.D., Chairperson Lorraine P. Berkett, Ph.D. Sidney C. Bosworth, Ph.D. Cynthia J. Forehand, Ph.D., Dean of the Graduate College ABSTRACT Despite substantial consumer demand and willingness to pay premium prices for organically grown fruit, apple growers in Vermont and other New England states have been slow to adopt certified organic practices. -
Native Plants for Your Backyard
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Native Plants for Your Backyard Native plants of the Southeastern United States are more diverse in number and kind than in most other countries, prized for their beauty worldwide. Our native plants are an integral part of a healthy ecosystem, providing the energy that sustains our forests and wildlife, including important pollinators and migratory birds. By “growing native” you can help support native wildlife. This helps sustain the natural connections that have developed between plants and animals over thousands of years. Consider turning your lawn into a native garden. You’ll help the local environment and often use less water and spend less time and money maintaining your yard if the plants are properly planted. The plants listed are appealing to many species of wildlife and will look attractive in your yard. To maximize your success with these plants, match the right plants with the right site conditions (soil, pH, sun, and moisture). Check out the resources on the back of this factsheet for assistance or contact your local extension office for soil testing and more information about these plants. Shrubs Trees Vines Wildflowers Grasses American beautyberry Serviceberry Trumpet creeper Bee balm Big bluestem Callicarpa americana Amelanchier arborea Campsis radicans Monarda didyma Andropogon gerardii Sweetshrub Redbud Carolina jasmine Fire pink Little bluestem Calycanthus floridus Cercis canadensis Gelsemium sempervirens Silene virginica Schizachyrium scoparium Blueberry Red buckeye Crossvine Cardinal flower -
The Mock-Oranges
ARNOLDIA A continuation of the BULLETIN OF POPULAR INFORMATION of the Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University VOLUME ~Jr JUNE 18, 1965 NUMBER5 THE MOCK-ORANGES are about fifty species and varieties of Philadelphus being grown in THERE-~- the commercial nurseries of the United States, so there is a wealth of ma- terial from which to select ornamental plants. The collection at the Arnold Arboretum contams over one hundred species and varieties. They all have white flowers, their fruits are dried capsules and not very interesting, and the autumn color is not especially outstanding, being yellow or yellowish. In other words, they are chiefly of value during the short period when they are in bloom; but they are all grown easily in almost any normal soil, and are mostly free from injurious insect and disease pests-reason enough why they have proved popular over the years. Some plants in this group have special merit. Philadelphus coronarius, for in- stance, is excellent for planting in dry soil situations. Many of the hybrids have extremely fragrant flowers, and some of the plants, like P. laxus and P. X splen- dens, have branches which face the ground well all around and make fairly good foliage specimens throughout the length of time they retain their leaves. On the other hand, the flowers of many of the species are not fragrant, and some plants, like Philadelphus delavayi and P. X monstrosus reach heights of fifteen feet or more; they are frequently just too tall and vigorous for the small garden. There are better shrubs of this height with mteresting flowers, better autumn color, and fruits in the fall (like some of the viburnums), so, if tall shrubs are desired, it is not the mock-oranges which should have first consideration. -
Syringa Meyeri
Syringa meyeri - Meyer Lilac (Oleaceae) ------------------------------------------------------------------- Syringa meyeri is a compact but spreading, small- Fruits foliaged Lilac with showy, late May, lavender-purple -brown capsules on the winter persistent fruiting inflorescences. Meyer Lilac is especially urban stalks are not ornamental tolerant and without powdery mildew on its foliage. Twigs It is a Lilac that can be grown as a formal or informal -light brown to gray, with winter floral buds that are hedge. small, oval, and distinctly checkered (due to the differential color pattern on the overlapping floral FEATURES bud scales) Form -exhibiting dense twiggy branching on relatively thin -medium-sized ornamental shrub (or small branches (unlike all other Lilacs, which have ornamental tree, when grafted onto a moderate to sparse branching on medium to thick standard) branches) -species form slowly matures at Trunk about 6' tall x 8' wide -usually not applicable, unless the shrub has been -spreading oval growth habit (where grafted onto a standard (typically at about 4' in the oval shape is on its side) height) and becomes tree form -slow growth rate Culture USAGE -full sun to partial shade Function -performs best in full sun in moist, well-drained soils, -foundation, entranceway, border, group planting, but is urban tolerant and adaptable to poor soils, dry informal or formal hedge, or specimen shrub soils, compacted soils, soils of various pH, and Texture especially to heat and drought (but not adaptable to -medium-fine texture in -
Chapter 6 Pinyon-Juniper Woodlands
This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. Chapter 6 Pinyon-Juniper Woodlands Gerald J. Gottfried, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Flagstaff, Arizona Thomas W. Swetnam, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona Craig D. Allen, USDI National Biological Service, Los,Alamos, New Mexico Julio L. Betancourt, USDI Geological Survey, Tucson, Arizona Alice L. Chung-MacCoubrey, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Albuquerque, New Mexico INTRODUCTION system management generally is accepted, the USDA Forest Service, other public land management agen Pinyon-juniper woodlands are one of the largest cies, American Indian tribes, and private landown ecosystems in the Southwest and in the Middle Rio ers may have differing definitions of what constitutes Grande Basin (Fig. 1). The woodlands have been desired conditions. important to the region's inhabitants since prehis Key questions about the pinyon-juniper ecosys toric times for a variety of natural resources and tems remain unanswered. Some concern the basic amenities. The ecosystems have not been static; their dynamics of biological and physical components of distributions, stand characteristics, and site condi the pinyon-juniper ecosystems. Others concern the tions have been altered by changes in climatic pat distribution of woodlands prior to European settle terns and human use and, often, abuse. Management ment and changes since the introduction of livestock of these lands since European settlement has varied and fire control. This relates to whether tree densi from light exploitation and benign neglect, to attempts ties have been increasing or whether trees are invad to remove the trees in favor of forage for livestock, and ing grasslands and, to a lesser extent, drier ponde then to a realization that these lands contain useful re rosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests. -
ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 5(7), 1301-1312
ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 5(7), 1301-1312 Journal Homepage: - www.journalijar.com Article DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/4841 DOI URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/4841 RESEARCH ARTICLE FLORA OF CHEPAN MOUNTAIN (WESTERN BULGARIA). Dimcho Zahariev. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Plant Protection, Botany and Zoology, University of Shumen, Bulgaria. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Manuscript Info Abstract ……………………. ……………………………………………………………… Manuscript History Chepan Mountain is located in Western Bulgaria. It is part of Balkan Mountains on the territory of Balkan Peninsula in Southern Europe. As Received: 13 May 2017 a result of this study in Chepan Mountain on the territory of only 25 Final Accepted: 15 June 2017 km2 were found 784 species of wild vascular plants from 378 genera Published: July 2017 and 84 families. Such amazing biodiversity can be found in Southern Europe only. The floristic analysis indicates that the most of the Key words:- families and the genera are represented by a small number of inferior Chepan Mountain, floristic analysis, taxa. The hemicryptophytes dominate among the life forms with vascular plants 53.32%. The biological types are represented mainly by perennial herbaceous plants (59.57%). In the flora of the Mountain there are 49 floristic elements. The most of the species are European-Asiatic floristic elements (14.54%), followed by European-Mediterranean floristic elements (13.78%) and subMediterranean floristic elements (13.52%). Among the vascular plants, there are 26 Balkan endemic species, 4 Bulgarian endemic species and 26 relic species. The species with protection statute are 66 species. The anthropophytes among the vascular plants are 390 species (49.74%). -
ISTA List of Stabilised Plant Names 7Th Edition
ISTA List of Stabilised Plant Names 7th Edition ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair Dr. M. Schori Published by All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be The International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in Richtiarkade 18, CH- 8304 Wallisellen, Switzerland any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior ©2021 International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) permission in writing from ISTA. ISBN 978-3-906549-77-4 Valid from: 16.06.2021 ISTA List of Stabilised Plant Names 1st Edition 1966 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Prof P. A. Linehan 2nd Edition 1983 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. H. Pirson 3rd Edition 1988 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. W. A. Brandenburg 4th Edition 2001 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 5th Edition 2007 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 6th Edition 2013 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 7th Edition 2019 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. M. Schori 7th Edition 2 ISTA List of Stabilised Plant Names Table of Contents A .............................................................................................................................................................. 7 B ............................................................................................................................................................ 21 C ........................................................................................................................................................... -
WELCOME to OLD STANDARD ORCHARD at SMOLAK FARMS Welcome to the Old Standard Orchard at Smolak Farms
WELCOME TO OLD STANDARD ORCHARD AT SMOLAK FARMS Welcome to the Old Standard Orchard at Smolak Farms. This orchard is the largest orchard planted on Smolak Farms. It is the second of the season to open and is well known for its size and terrain. If you are look- ing for easy picking, stay down near the edge of the orchard. If it is a nice walk that you are looking for, continue to move up the hill and take in the view of the farm – it is breathtaking! Below is a list of the varieties of apples in the Old Standard Orchard. TYPES OF APPLES BY ROW (Row 1 is just behind the check in area at the corner of Dale St. and Meetinghouse Rd.) 1 Red Delicious 2 – 3 Mac Spur 4 – 5 Red Delicious 6 – 7 Mac Spur 4 – 5 Red Delicious 6 – 7 Mac Spur ORCHARD RULES 8 – 9 Red Delicious 10 – 11 Rogers Red Mac 12 – Rogers Mac and Cortland - No climbing trees 13 – 14 Cortland (limbs will break) 15 – 18 Mutsu - No throwing apples 19 Rogers Mac - Do not put apples in anything other THE BACK SIDE OF THE HILL…. than the bag that you 1 – 3 Cortland have purchased. 4 – 6 Mac Spur 7 Red Delicious All carriages and bags 8 – 9 Rogers Red Mac are subject to a check 10 Cortland before leaving the 11 Granny Smith orchard. 12 Macoun 14 – 17 Cortland 18 – 21 Rogers Red Mac CORTLAND The Cortland Apple was developed in Geneva, New York in 1915. It is a cross of McIntosh and Ben 'DYLVDSSOHV,WKDVVQRZZKLWHÀHVKWKDWEURZQVYHU\VORZPDNLQJLWWKHEHVWVDODGDSSOH*UHDW for any cooking! MCINTOSH The McIntosh Apple was developed in Ontario, Canada in 1798. -
Perennials for Winter Gardens Perennials for Winter Gardens
TheThe AmericanAmerican GARDENERGARDENER® TheThe MagazineMagazine ofof thethe AAmericanmerican HorticulturalHorticultural SocietySociety November / December 2010 Perennials for Winter Gardens Edible Landscaping for Small Spaces A New Perspective on Garden Cleanup Outstanding Conifers contents Volume 89, Number 6 . November / December 2010 FEATURES DEPARTMENTS 5 NOTES FROM RIVER FARM 6 MEMBERS’ FORUM 8 NEWS FROM THE AHS Boston’s garden contest grows to record size, 2011 AHS President’s Council trip planned for Houston, Gala highlights, rave reviews for Armitage webinar in October, author of article for The American Gardener receives garden-writing award, new butterfly-themed children’s garden installed at River Farm. 12 2010 AMERICA IN BLOOM AWARD WINNERS Twelve cities are recognized for their community beautification efforts. 42 ONE ON ONE WITH… David Karp: Fruit detective. page 26 44 HOMEGROWN HARVEST The pleasures of popcorn. EDIBLE LANDSCAPING FOR SMALL SPACES 46 GARDENER’S NOTEBOOK 14 Replacing pavement with plants in San BY ROSALIND CREASY Francisco, soil bacterium may boost cognitive With some know-how, you can grow all sorts of vegetables, fruits, function, study finds fewer plant species on and herbs in small spaces. earth now than before, a fungus-and-virus combination may cause honeybee colony collapse disorder, USDA funds school garden CAREFREE MOSS BY CAROLE OTTESEN 20 program, Park Seed sold, Rudbeckia Denver Looking for an attractive substitute for grass in a shady spot? Try Daisy™ wins grand prize in American moss; it’ll grow on you. Garden Award Contest. 50 GREEN GARAGE® OUTSTANDING CONIFERS BY RITA PELCZAR 26 A miscellany of useful garden helpers. This group of trees and shrubs is beautiful year round, but shines brightest in winter.