DOCSLIB.ORG

Chinese Transnationalism and the Creation of a Liberal Public Sphere

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chinese Transnationalism and the Creation of a Liberal Public Sphere UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones 2009 Chinese transnationalism and the creation of a liberal public sphere Lanelle Elizabeth Christman University of Nevada Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations Part of the Cultural History Commons, and the Social History Commons Repository Citation Christman, Lanelle Elizabeth, "Chinese transnationalism and the creation of a liberal public sphere" (2009). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/1390909 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CHINESE TRANSNATIONALISM AND THE CREATION OF A LIBERAL PUBLIC SPHERE by Lanelle Elizabeth Christman Associate of Arts Flathead Valley Community College 1998 Bachelor of Arts Montana State University – Billings 2002 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts in History Department of History College of Liberal Arts Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas December 2009 Copyright by Lanelle Elizabeth Christman 2010 All Rights Reserved THE GRADUATE COLLEGE We recommend that the thesis prepared under our supervision by Lanelle Elizabeth Christman entitled Chinese Transnationalism and the Creation of a Liberal Public Sphere be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts History Sue Fawn Chung, Committee Chair David Wrobel, Committee Member Raquel Casas, Committee Member Louisa McDonald, Graduate Faculty Representative Ronald Smith, Ph. D., Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies and Dean of the Graduate College December 2009 ii ABSTRACT Chinese Transnationalism and the Creation of a Liberal Public Sphere by Lanelle Elizabeth Christman Dr. Sue Fawn Chung, Examination Committee Chair Associate Professor of History University of Nevada, Las Vegas This thesis is a global comparative study tracing the functions and historical development of Chinese huiguan [“official organization”] and its leadership in China, Indochina, and San Francisco. Early Chinese immigration to America and Indochina involved the formation of huiguan , organizations based on dialect and native place, paralleling the functions and demography of merchant associations originating in China. The merchant elite representing its leadership were preeminent arbitrators of Chinese tradition and authority. French Indochina and America recognized their status as community leaders, further exalting the social standing of merchants and increasing their positions of authority. These organizations greatly influenced the lives of a majority of Chinese immigrants in an attempt to replicate, with varying degrees of fidelity, the social, religious, and networking environments of native-place regions. By providing material aid, financial connections, and charitable functions, huiguan existed within a framework of carefully-defined relationships essential to the very survival of Chinese communities. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................... vi INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. x CHAPTER 1 RECONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF CHINESE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE AMERICAN WEST ................................................. 1 CHAPTER 2 FROM ZHONGGUO, ‘CHINA’ TO ‘BIG CITY’ AND ‘BIG MARKET’: HUIGUAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA ....................................................................... 20 CHAPTER 3 FROM ZHONGGUO TO BAZAR CHINOIS, CHOLON, ‘BIG MARKET’ : HUIGUAN DEVELOPMENT IN INDOCHINA ............................................................ 48 CHAPTER 4 FROM ZHONGGUO TO DADU, ‘BIG CITY’: HUIGUAN DEVELOPMENT IN SAN FRANCISCO ..................................................................... 104 CHAPTER 5 IN DADU, ‘BIG CITY’: CHARITY, EXCLUSION, AND THE RISE OF CHINESE NATIONALISM ........................................................................................... 153 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................... 229 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................... 234 VITA ............................................................................................................................... 281 iv LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Pearl River Delta Region ................................................................................ 25 Figure 2. China's Agricultural Regions, 1986 ................................................................ 28 Figure 3. Historical Map of Guangzhou (Canton) and Town Plan, 1878 ...................... 32 Figure 4. China's Special Economic Zones, 1997 .......................................................... 47 Figure 5. French-Controlled Indochina and Chinese Communities ............................... 56 Figure 6. Map of Saigon and the Bazar Chinois, 1795 ................................................. 60 Figure 7. Chinese in Cochinchina, ca. 1909 ................................................................... 61 Figure 8. China-Vietnam Border .................................................................................... 65 Figure 9. Chinese from Guangxi (Quang-Si) in Tonkin ................................................ 73 Figure 10. Inside a Chinese Temple in Cholon ................................................................ 91 Figure 11. Chinese Funeral Procession in Haiphong ....................................................... 94 Figure 12. Chinese Imperial Mission Arriving in Saigon ................................................ 96 Figure 13. Chinese Dragon Procession in Cholon ........................................................... 98 Figure 14. Bazar Chinois, Di’an, Cholon, ‘Big Market’ ............................................... 103 Figure 15. “Marketing,” Arnold Genthe Collection, 1895-1906 .................................. 117 Figure 16. Pearl River Delta Administrative Regions, Early 1980s .............................. 118 Figure 17. Chinese Linguistic Groups ............................................................................ 123 Figure 18. “On Dupont Street,” Arnold Genthe Collection, 1895-1906 ........................ 142 Figure 19. Officers of the CCBA in 1890, Bancroft Library, Berkeley, CA ................. 144 Figure 20. “Family From Consulate,” Arnold Genthe Collection, 1895-1906 .............. 151 Figure 21. “Tradesmen,” Arnold Genthe Collection, 1895-1906 .................................. 154 Figure 22. “Chinese Cook,” Arnold Genthe Collection, 1895-1906.............................. 160 Figure 23. “A Merchant” in Chinatown, Arnold Genthe Collection, 1895-1906 .......... 164 Figure 24. Chinese “Death Ship” Sails, ca. 1858, San Francisco Maritime Museum ... 168 Figure 25. “New Year’s Day Before the Theatre,” Arnold Genthe, 1895-1906 ............ 170 Figure 26. “Children of High Class,” Arnold Genthe Collection, 1895-1906 ............... 174 Figure 27. "Certificate of Residence," 1892 ................................................................... 189 Figure 28. Nationalist Demonstration, ca. 1911, California State Library .................... 220 Figure 29. Guomindang Flag above CCBA Headquarters on Stockton Street .............. 226 v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis could not have been completed without the unflagging patience, help, and support of my thesis committee. My Committee Chair, Dr. Sue Fawn Chung, and her constant kindness and endless supply of fascinating historical anecdotes in classes and during office hours helped to hone and energize my research. In addition to initiating me into the intricacies of Modern East Asian history and the study of Chinese in America though the courses she offered and from her own research and scholarship, she helped to facilitate my passion for Chinese and Vietnamese history through the comparative framework of this thesis, and she continues to offer valuable advice for both my research and professional aspirations. Her warmth, thoughtfulness, and good cheer made her presence one of the most pleasant aspects of my graduate career. I owe a great debt of gratitude to Dr. Louisa McDonald who graciously accepted the post as Graduate College representative for my thesis committee after the departure of Dr. Guo-ou Zhuang in the Chinese Language Department. I would also like to thank Dr. David Wrobel for introducing me to the nuances and vagaries of the historiography
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Notes on Chinese American Historical Research in the United States
    Resource Note Notes on Chinese American Historical Research in the United States HIM MARK LA1 WEI-CHI POON Early Historical Writings Chinese have lived in the United States for at least two hundred years. However, it was not until after the mid-nineteenth century that the Chinese became numerically significant and their society, activities, and role in this country attracted much attention. Their earliest chroniclers were observ- ers outside the community: white missionaries such as William Speer, A.W. Loomis and Otis Gibson and writer/journalists or historians/social scien- tists such as Charles Nordhoff, Stewart Culin, and H.H. Bancroft. There were also sojourning Chinese diplomats such as Chen Lanbin and Zhang Yinhuan and travellers such as Li Gui and Liang Qichao. Such writings, either by Chinese or non-Chinese from outside the community, were numerous from the mid-nineteenth to early twentieth century when the controversy over Chinese labor was a hotly debated issue. After Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 and the Chinese population began to decline, public attention was diverted to other more immediate issues. Chinatown came before the public only in relation to events such as “tong wars.” Similarly, during the first half of the twentieth HIM MARKLAI is a historian of Chinese American studies. His work, A History Reclaimed: An Annotated Bibliography of Chinese Language Materials on the Chinese of Aea,is published by UCLA’s Asian American Studies Center. WEI-CHIPOON is the head librarian of the Asian American Studies Library, Uni- versity of California, Berkeley. Parts of this report were presented at the Confer- ence on Overseas Chinese History sponsored by Zhongshan University, UCLA, and Hong Kong University held in Guangzhou on 17-19 December 1985.
    [Show full text]
  • Contemporary China: a Book List
    PRINCETON UNIVERSITY: Woodrow Wilson School, Politics Department, East Asian Studies Program CONTEMPORARY CHINA: A BOOK LIST by Lubna Malik and Lynn White Winter 2007-2008 Edition This list is available on the web at: http://www.princeton.edu/~lynn/chinabib.pdf which can be viewed and printed with an Adobe Acrobat Reader. Variation of font sizes may cause pagination to differ slightly in the web and paper editions. No list of books can be totally up-to-date. Please surf to find further items. Also consult http://www.princeton.edu/~lynn/chinawebs.doc for clicable URLs. This list of items in English has several purposes: --to help advise students' course essays, junior papers, policy workshops, and senior theses about contemporary China; --to supplement the required reading lists of courses on "Chinese Development" and "Chinese Politics," for which students may find books to review in this list; --to provide graduate students with a list that may suggest books for paper topics and may slightly help their study for exams in Chinese politics; a few of the compiler's favorite books are starred on the list, but not much should be made of this because such books may be old or the subjects may not meet present interests; --to supplement a bibliography of all Asian serials in the Princeton Libraries that was compiled long ago by Frances Chen and Maureen Donovan; many of these are now available on the web,e.g., from “J-Stor”; --to suggest to book selectors in the Princeton libraries items that are suitable for acquisition; to provide a computerized list on which researchers can search for keywords of interests; and to provide a resource that many teachers at various other universities have also used.
    [Show full text]
  • Chinese Poetry of the Nineteenth Century
    “Modern” Science and Technology in “Classical” Chinese Poetry of the Nineteenth Century J. D. Schmidt 㕥⎱䐆 University of British Columbia This paper is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Daniel Bryant (1942-2014), University of Victoria, a great scholar and friend. Introduction This paper examines poetry about science and technology in nineteenth- century China, not a common topic in poetry written in Classical Chinese, much less in textbook selections of classical verse read in high school and university curricula in China. Since the May Fourth/New Culture Movement from the 1910s to the 1930s, China’s literary canon underwent a drastic revision that consigned a huge part of its verse written after the year 907 to almost total oblivion, while privileging more popular forms from after that date that are written in vernacular Chinese, such as drama and novels.1 The result is that today most Chinese confine their reading of poetry in the shi 娑 form to works created before the end of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), missing the rather extensive body of verse about scientific and technological subjects that began in the Song Dynasty (960-1278), largely disappeared in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), and then flourished as never before in the late Qing period (1644-1912). Except for a growing number of specialist scholars in China, very few Chinese readers have explored the poetry of the nineteenth century—in my opinion, one of the richest centuries in classical verse— thinking that the writing of this age is dry and derivative. Such a view is a product of the culture wars of the early twentieth century, but the situation has not been helped by the common name given to the most important literary group of the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the Qing Dynasty Song School (Qingdai Songshi pai 㶭ẋ⬳娑㳦), a term which suggests that its poetry is imitative of earlier authors, particularly those of the Song Dynasty.
    [Show full text]
  • Network Map of Knowledge And
    Humphry Davy George Grosz Patrick Galvin August Wilhelm von Hofmann Mervyn Gotsman Peter Blake Willa Cather Norman Vincent Peale Hans Holbein the Elder David Bomberg Hans Lewy Mark Ryden Juan Gris Ian Stevenson Charles Coleman (English painter) Mauritz de Haas David Drake Donald E. Westlake John Morton Blum Yehuda Amichai Stephen Smale Bernd and Hilla Becher Vitsentzos Kornaros Maxfield Parrish L. Sprague de Camp Derek Jarman Baron Carl von Rokitansky John LaFarge Richard Francis Burton Jamie Hewlett George Sterling Sergei Winogradsky Federico Halbherr Jean-Léon Gérôme William M. Bass Roy Lichtenstein Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruisdael Tony Cliff Julia Margaret Cameron Arnold Sommerfeld Adrian Willaert Olga Arsenievna Oleinik LeMoine Fitzgerald Christian Krohg Wilfred Thesiger Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant Eva Hesse `Abd Allah ibn `Abbas Him Mark Lai Clark Ashton Smith Clint Eastwood Therkel Mathiassen Bettie Page Frank DuMond Peter Whittle Salvador Espriu Gaetano Fichera William Cubley Jean Tinguely Amado Nervo Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay Ferdinand Hodler Françoise Sagan Dave Meltzer Anton Julius Carlson Bela Cikoš Sesija John Cleese Kan Nyunt Charlotte Lamb Benjamin Silliman Howard Hendricks Jim Russell (cartoonist) Kate Chopin Gary Becker Harvey Kurtzman Michel Tapié John C. Maxwell Stan Pitt Henry Lawson Gustave Boulanger Wayne Shorter Irshad Kamil Joseph Greenberg Dungeons & Dragons Serbian epic poetry Adrian Ludwig Richter Eliseu Visconti Albert Maignan Syed Nazeer Husain Hakushu Kitahara Lim Cheng Hoe David Brin Bernard Ogilvie Dodge Star Wars Karel Capek Hudson River School Alfred Hitchcock Vladimir Colin Robert Kroetsch Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai Stephen Sondheim Robert Ludlum Frank Frazetta Walter Tevis Sax Rohmer Rafael Sabatini Ralph Nader Manon Gropius Aristide Maillol Ed Roth Jonathan Dordick Abdur Razzaq (Professor) John W.
    [Show full text]
  • Enfry Denied Aslan American History and Culture
    In &a r*tm Enfry Denied Aslan American History and Culture edited by Sucheng Chan Exclusion and the Chinese Communify in America, r88z-ry43 Edited by Sucheng Chan Also in the series: Gary Y. Okihiro, Cane Fires: The Anti-lapanese Moaement Temple University press in Hawaii, t855-ry45 Philadelphia Chapter 6 The Kuomintang in Chinese American Kuomintang in Chinese American Communities 477 E Communities before World War II the party in the Chinese American communities as they reflected events and changes in the party's ideology in China. The Chinese during the Exclusion Era The Chinese became victims of American racism after they arrived in Him Lai Mark California in large numbers during the mid nineteenth century. Even while their labor was exploited for developing the resources of the West, they were targets of discriminatory legislation, physical attacks, and mob violence. Assigned the role of scapegoats, they were blamed for society's multitude of social and economic ills. A populist anti-Chinese movement ultimately pressured the U.S. Congress to pass the first Chinese exclusion act in 1882. Racial discrimination, however, was not limited to incoming immi- grants. The established Chinese community itself came under attack as The Chinese settled in California in the mid nineteenth white America showed by words and deeds that it considered the Chinese century and quickly became an important component in the pariahs. Attacked by demagogues and opportunistic politicians at will, state's economy. However, they also encountered anti- Chinese were victimizedby criminal elements as well. They were even- Chinese sentiments, which culminated in the enactment of tually squeezed out of practically all but the most menial occupations in the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
    [Show full text]
  • The Globalization of Chinese Food ANTHROPOLOGY of ASIA SERIES Series Editor: Grant Evans, University Ofhong Kong
    The Globalization of Chinese Food ANTHROPOLOGY OF ASIA SERIES Series Editor: Grant Evans, University ofHong Kong Asia today is one ofthe most dynamic regions ofthe world. The previously predominant image of 'timeless peasants' has given way to the image of fast-paced business people, mass consumerism and high-rise urban conglomerations. Yet much discourse remains entrenched in the polarities of 'East vs. West', 'Tradition vs. Change'. This series hopes to provide a forum for anthropological studies which break with such polarities. It will publish titles dealing with cosmopolitanism, cultural identity, representa­ tions, arts and performance. The complexities of urban Asia, its elites, its political rituals, and its families will also be explored. Dangerous Blood, Refined Souls Death Rituals among the Chinese in Singapore Tong Chee Kiong Folk Art Potters ofJapan Beyond an Anthropology of Aesthetics Brian Moeran Hong Kong The Anthropology of a Chinese Metropolis Edited by Grant Evans and Maria Tam Anthropology and Colonialism in Asia and Oceania Jan van Bremen and Akitoshi Shimizu Japanese Bosses, Chinese Workers Power and Control in a Hong Kong Megastore WOng Heung wah The Legend ofthe Golden Boat Regulation, Trade and Traders in the Borderlands of Laos, Thailand, China and Burma Andrew walker Cultural Crisis and Social Memory Politics of the Past in the Thai World Edited by Shigeharu Tanabe and Charles R Keyes The Globalization of Chinese Food Edited by David Y. H. Wu and Sidney C. H. Cheung The Globalization of Chinese Food Edited by David Y. H. Wu and Sidney C. H. Cheung UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I PRESS HONOLULU Editorial Matter © 2002 David Y.
    [Show full text]
  • Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century
    Global Positioning: Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Wong, John. 2012. Global Positioning: Houqua and His China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:9282867 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA © 2012 – John D. Wong All rights reserved. Professor Michael Szonyi John D. Wong Global Positioning: Houqua and his China Trade Partners in the Nineteenth Century Abstract This study unearths the lost world of early-nineteenth-century Canton. Known today as Guangzhou, this Chinese city witnessed the economic dynamism of global commerce until the demise of the Canton System in 1842. Records of its commercial vitality and global interactions faded only because we have allowed our image of old Canton to be clouded by China’s weakness beginning in the mid-1800s. By reviving this story of economic vibrancy, I restore the historical contingency at the juncture at which global commercial equilibrium unraveled with the collapse of the Canton system, and reshape our understanding of China’s subsequent economic experience. I explore this story of the China trade that helped shape the modern world through the lens of a single prominent merchant house and its leading figure, Wu Bingjian, known to the West by his trading name of Houqua.
    [Show full text]
  • Nationalizing Transnational Mobility in Asia Xiang Biao, Brenda S
    RETURN RETURN Nationalizing Transnational Mobility in Asia Xiang Biao, Brenda S. A. Yeoh, and Mika Toyota, eds. Duke University Press Durham and London 2013 © 2013 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-f ree paper ♾ Cover by Heather Hensley. Interior by Courtney Leigh Baker. Typeset in Minion Pro by Tseng Information Systems, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Return : nationalizing transnational mobility in Asia / Xiang Biao, Brenda S. A. Yeoh, and Mika Toyota, editors. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-8223-5516-8 (cloth : alk. paper) isbn 978-0-8223-5531-1 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Return migration—Asia. 2. Asia—Emigration and immigration. I. Xiang, Biao. II. Yeoh, Brenda S. A. III. Toyota, Mika. jv8490.r48 2013 325.5—dc23 2013018964 CONTENTS Acknowledgments ➤➤ vii Introduction Return and the Reordering of Transnational Mobility in Asia ➤➤ 1 Xiang biao Chapter One To Return or Not to Return ➤➤ 21 The Changing Meaning of Mobility among Japanese Brazilians, 1908–2010 Koji sasaKi Chapter Two Soldier’s Home ➤➤ 39 War, Migration, and Delayed Return in Postwar Japan MariKo asano TaManoi Chapter Three Guiqiao as Political Subjects in the Making of the People’s Republic of China, 1949–1979 ➤➤ 63 Wang Cangbai Chapter Four Transnational Encapsulation ➤➤ 83 Compulsory Return as a Labor-M igration Control in East Asia Xiang biao Chapter Five Cambodians Go “Home” ➤➤ 100 Forced Returns and Redisplacement Thirty Years after the American War in Indochina
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Remittances for Collective Consumption and Social Status Compensation
    Remittances for Collective Consumption and Social Status Compensation: Variations on Transnational Practices among Chinese International Migrants1 Min Zhou and Xiangyi Li (Forthcoming International Migration Review) INTRODUCTION Economic reform in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) since the late 1970s has revitalized diaspora-homeland ties and created new opportunities for immigrant transnationalism. Hundreds and thousands of Chinese migrants who have resettled in different parts of the world are returning to their ancestral homeland to capitalize on new economic opportunities. While they have contributed significantly to China’s economic development via foreign direct investment and to the economic well- being of left-behind families through monetary and in-kind remittances, these migrants have also donated money to their hometowns to build or renovate symbolic structures (e.g., village gates, monuments, religious statues or altars in public space), educational institutions (e.g., schools and libraries), and other cultural facilities (e.g., ancestral halls, cultural centers, museums, and public parks). We refer to these monetary donations as “remittances for collective consumption.” Our current study contributes to the existing literature by focusing on this special type of migrant remittances. In China, remittances for collective consumption have left an indelible imprint on the physical landscape of migrant hometowns and villages, which not only serves to extol success stories of compatriots abroad but also helps boost the positive image of the hometown as simultaneously a nostalgic place for personal association and a transnational place for economic investment (Chen 2005; Kuah 2000; Li and Zhou 2012; Smart and Lin 2007; Taylor et al. 2003; Woon 1990). From our observation, however, some hometowns flourish with steady flows of remittances to build symbolic structures and cultural facilities, while others decline with few such remittances.
    [Show full text]
  • New Transnational Villages in Fujian Mette Thuno University of Copenhagen
    Institutionalizing Recent Rural Emigration from China to Europe: New Transnational Villages in Fujian Mette Thuno University of Copenhagen Frank N. Pieke University of Oxford The prevalence of irregular migration from a small region in the central parts of Fujian province has associated Chinese emigration with orga nized crime, exploitation and opportunism in a range of popular and academic writings both in China and outside China. Although migra tion brokers ("snakeheads") play an important role in maintaining mi gratory flows already underway, they should not be seen as the root cause of migration from Fujian. In this article, we report on recently conducted fieldwork in two villages in central Fujian characterized by large-scale emigration to Europe. Emigration from this part of China is strongly embedded in local political, sociocultural and economic insti tutions and histories. Migration brokers are certainly a part, but not more than that, of these local institutions. We conclude that the local embeddedness of migration renders population mobility from each area in China highly specific, and broad generalizations on the causes, nature and direction of the totality of Chinese, or even Fujianese, migration are bound to misrepresent a highly complex reality. Since the early 1990s, the colorful language of "snakeheads" (translated from the Chinese word shetou assigned to migration brokers) has dominated dis cussions on the upsurge in Chinese international migration. In these dis cussions, Fujian province on the southeastern coast of China has played a prominent role. The prevalence of irregular migration from a small region in the central parts of this province has associated Chinese emigration with organized crime, exploitation and opportunism in a range of popular and academic writings both in China and outside China (see, e.g., Kyle and Dale, 2001; Shi, 2000; Smith, 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • Sample Chapter
    010 Yeh Ch01 (12-28) 2/27/08 3:23 PM Page 12 one Transnational Celebrations in Changing Political Climates in 1951 san francisco’s chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association (CCBA) staged a Chinese New Year celebration to “support the anticom- munism policy of the U.S. government.” The parade departed from the CCBA headquarters on Stockton Street, taking Sutter Street to Grant Avenue, the main tourist thoroughfare, and then returned to the CCBA. With the police leading the procession, six hundred Chinese American school children and several hundred adults marched with placards stating “Down With Communism” and “Preserve Your Heritage of Freedom.” The march ended with a meeting hosted by the Anti-Communist League pledging a Chinese American anticommunist stance and unfailing patriot- ism to the United States.1 The parade’s celebratory spirit was dampened not only by a firecracker ban, but also by a holiday goods shortage, the result of an embargo against the People’s Republic of China (PRC) that went into effect after it entered the Korean War in 1950. The embargo had affected Chinatown’s tourist business, which depended on the ability of various curio shops to sell Chi- nese goods.2 Political oppression and economic recession were major concerns in many Chinese American communities in the early 1950s. As a result, eth- nic leaders transformed the Chinese New Year from a private celebration into a public demonstration of their U.S. patriotism and anticommunist 12 Copyrighted Material 010 Yeh Ch01 (12-28) 2/27/08 3:23 PM Page 13 conviction in the early 1950s.
    [Show full text]
  • American Council of Learned Societies Annual Report, 2012-2013
    C H H I S T O R I C A L S T U D I E S S O C I E T Y F O R M I L I T A R Y H I S T O A F R I C A N S T U D I E S A S S O C I A T I O N A M E R I C A N A C A D E M Y O F R Y S O C I E T Y F O R M U S I C T H E O R Y S O C I E T Y F O R T H E A D A R T S A N D S C I E N C E S A M E R I C A N A C A D E M Y O F R E L I G I O N V A N C E M E N T O F S C A N D I N A V I A N S T U D Y S O C I E T Y F O R T H E A M E R I C A N A N T H R O P O L O G I C A L A S S O C I A T I O N A M E R I C A N A N H I S T O R Y O F T E C H N O L O G Y S O C I E T Y O F A R C H I T E C T U R A L H T I Q U A R I A N S O C I E T Y A M E R I C A N A S S O C I A T I O N F O R T H E H I S T O R I A N S S O C I E T Y O F B I B L I C A L L I T E R A T U R E S O C I E I S T O R Y O F M E D I C I N E A M E R I C A N C O M P A R A T I V E L I T E R A T U T Y O F D A N C E H I S T O R Y S C H O L A R S W O R L D H I S T O R Y A S S O C R E A S S O C I A T I O N A M E R I C A N D I A L E C T S O C I E T Y A M E R I C I A T I O N A F R I C A N S T U D I E S A S S O C I A T I O N A M E R I C A N A C A N E C O N O M I C A S S O C I A T I O N A M E R I C A N F O L K L O R E S O C I E T A D E M Y O F A R T S A N D S C I E N C E S A M E R I C A N A C A D E M Y O F R Y A M E R I C A N H I S T O R I C A L A S S O C I A T I O N A M E R I C A N M U S E L I G I O N A M E R I C A N A N T H R O P O L O G I C A L A S S O C I A T I O N A I C O L O G I C A L S O C I E T Y A M E R I C A N N U M I S M A T I C S O C I E T Y M E R I C A N A N T I Q U A R I A N S O C I E T Y A M E R I C A N A S
    [Show full text]