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Crossrail line 1: Stakeholder Consultation

May 2002 1 Foreword

2 Consultation

3 The Project Transport needs How can Crossrail help? Crossrail as part of an Integrated Rail Network Contents The Case for Crossrail

6 The Current Position The Core Route Broad Corridors Considered in the Preliminary Sifting Process The Sifting Process Corridor Selection The Short List

14 The Short Listed Corridors Corridor 1: The Junction Line Corridor 2: The Line Corridor 3: The Corridor 4: The Corridor 5a: The North Line via the Corridor 5b: The via Charlton

20 The Way Forward Refining the Short List Option Assessment The Final Selection Process

24 We need your views 1

Efficient, direct rail links are essential waiting for final approval. These schemes the optimum route, stations and service to safeguard and promote the long-term will mean that will be well served patterns. There are choices to be made economic prosperity of London and the from north to south. Crossrail line 1 is now on the routes to be followed in both east South East. Cross Links Limited being developed to supplement the heavily and west London and on how far services (Crossrail) is a new company established to overcrowded east-west services. Together should run along each corridor. develop and promote these links to meet the with Crossrail line 2 it would increase the needs of people and businesses. It is a capacity of the existing network making an We recognise that it is important to involve 50/50 joint venture between Transport for important contribution to congestion relief. local authorities and other key stakeholders Foreword London (TfL) and the Strategic Rail Authority at the earliest opportunity. We also welcome (SRA). The company aims to ensure that Both lines would also provide new links and their support in building the transport and London continues in its role as Europe’s additional capacity to support economic wider economic case for the project. leading financial and business centre, and development and boost regeneration areas. We have therefore prepared this document to provide benefits to the wider South East In particular Crossrail line 1 would underpin to explain the shortlisted route corridors for region. It is tasked to develop two new the growth of London’s key financial and Crossrail line 1, and to seek stakeholders’ railway lines across . business service sector. input to selection of the preferred scheme in Crossrail line 1 would run on an east-west Autumn 2002 for wider public consultation. axis and is to be planned and taken forward Crossrail aims to introduce schemes that We welcome your comments. to implementation, Crossrail line 2 would are feasible, practical and likely to achieve run northeast-southwest across the city and private sector partner funding. The company is to be planned in principle. Consultation has been allocated a budget of £154m by on Crossrail line 2 will be undertaken around Central Government (through the SRA and the end of this year. TfL) to carry out feasibility work on both lines and secure the statutory approvals TfL and the SRA aim to provide a fully needed to build line 1. This represents integrated and comprehensive rail network significant investment by Central for London and its surrounding areas. Government in the development of new Included are major projects to expand the rail infrastructure for London. If the projects capacity of the current system. The Mayor’s are to proceed however, they will need to Transport Strategy has highlighted Crossrail clearly demonstrate value for money, secure lines 1 and 2, 2000 and the East private and public funding and obtain the London line extensions as priority projects necessary statutory planning approvals. to help achieve this aim. Preparatory works have begun on the northern extension Our first priority is line 1 (Crossrail 1). of the line, with consent now The overall objective of this project is also granted for the southern extension. to improve for London. The Thameslink 2000 upgrade is currently We are in the process of determining 2

Consultation will play an important role in The purpose of this document is to: It is intended that the preferred route for the decision process. Crossrail 1 will have Crossrail 1 will be selected in Autumn implications for a wide range of businesses, set out the agreed economic and 2002 after which there will be wider public residents and local communities in London planning objectives for the project; consultation. This will be followed in 2003 and the South-East. We have now identified by consultation with those directly affected a short-list of route corridors and are keen provide information on the process by the construction and operation of the to seek the views of key stakeholders and and timescale for decisions; railway (Figure 1). The views expressed local authorities. These views will be during the consultation process will then Consultation carefully considered in the route and service inform key stakeholders and local be carefully considered in the preparation selection process. They may also provide authorities on the corridors short-listed of an application for statutory consent support in making the case for Crossrail 1. for Crossrail 1; (possibly using a Hybrid Parliamentary Bill).

seek views on which route should be adopted and what kind of services should run; and

set out the criteria by which the final Figure 1 Consultation Process scheme will be judged.

Stakeholder Stakeholder Public discussions consultation consultation

Preliminary Shortlist of Full Preferred Decision Statutory appraisal proposals appraisal project on project approval

January 2002 December 2002 3

Crossrail as part of an Transport needs Integrated Rail Network

Large parts of London’s public transport The Strategy anticipates that the capacity Crossrail 1 would form part of a more system, in particular a number of key of London’s rail network will need to efficient and integrated network of rail Underground and lines, increase by around 50% over the next services for London. It is one of a package are running at capacity. Passenger 15 years to meet these needs. At the same of proposed railway schemes that would use of the Underground is at record time the Government’s Ten Year Plan has a work towards achieving this network of levels and passenger growth on the target to increase passenger usage of the services. These schemes include investment National Rail Network has also increased National Rail Network by 50%. The major in the and National significantly with steadily rising numbers rail projects are expected to make a Rail Networks and the major projects: The Crossrail Project of commuters into London. As a result significant contribution to both capacity Thameslink 2000, the northern and southern many rail and Underground services and usage increases. extensions of the , and are seriously overcrowded. Crossrail line 2 as shown in figure 2. How can Crossrail 1 help? The provision of rail services is also uneven. Freight Some areas of London, particularly in the Extension of suburban services in , east, have relatively poor access by rail. into and across the central area, will Crossrail 1 cannot be considered in There are a number of major regeneration increase capacity and bring people isolation from the Government’s target initiatives to stimulate the provision of new directly into the centre without the need to increase rail freight. homes and jobs in these areas. for interchanges at National Rail termini. This is a similar principle to the Paris In the west Crossrail 1 could adversely London and the surrounding area are Réseau Express Régional (RER), affect freight (and possibly longer distance The main objectives of Cross also growing. Authority constructed over the past 25 years passenger) capacity on the Great Western London Rail Links are to forecasts suggest that the population to link suburban residential areas to corridor which may only be avoided by of London will grow from its current level and across the city centre. providing additional tracks. In the east there support the continuing of 7.4 million to over 8.1 million by 2016. would be interactions with freight services development of London as a It is anticipated that 600,000 new jobs Crossrail 1 would provide a new high in the Stratford area and on the North Kent World City, and its role as the will be created over a similar period. capacity east-west rail link across London line. As it will be highly desirable to separate The , both within and serving Heathrow, the West End, the City Crossrail from freight and longer distance key financial centre of the UK outside the Greater London boundary and Docklands. This would create new services these issues will require attention and Europe, to support its is expected to see a major increase in both journey opportunities, increase capacity and during the development of the project. economic growth and its population and employment opportunities. reduce crowding on several Underground lines. It would also reduce the need for regeneration areas by tackling The Mayor’s Transport Strategy aims to interchanges with National Rail services the lack of capacity and develop the transport system to support the at and Liverpool Street stations. congestion on the existing future development of London. Central to the Strategy are the major projects that will network, and to improve rail develop new infrastructure to significantly access into and within London. expand the system. 4

The objectives for Crossrail have been Figure 2 Proposed major rail schemes for London agreed between the Minister,the Mayor and the Chairman of the Strategic Rail Authority.

Specifically Crossrail needs to: Watford

support the wider transport, planning, social and environmental objectives Aylesbury of the Government’s 10 Year Plan, the Mayor’s Strategies for London, the Strategic Rail Authority’s Strategic Plan and Regional Planning Guidance; Harrow-on- Finsbury relieve congestion and overcrowding the-Hill Park on the existing National Rail and West Highbury & Islington Hackney Stratford Hampstead Central Underground networks and support King's Cross Liverpool the development of a network St Pancras Street Reading Paddington London of strategic interchanges; Bridge Broadway Isle of Victoria Dogs Elephant facilitate the continued development of & Castle Arsenal New London’s primary finance and business Heathrow Cross service activities, which are now located Clapham Junction in both the City and Docklands;

facilitate the improvement of London’s Crystal international links, including Heathrow; Wimbledon Palace

facilitate the regeneration of priority areas, such as the Thames Gateway East and the Lea Valley; and

provide improved east-west rail access into and across London from the East and South East regions. Crossrail line 1 and potential corridors Crossrail line 1 and potential corridors Crossrail line 2 and potential corridors Crossrail line 2 and potential corridors To meet these objectives Crossrail needs Thameslink 2000 Thameslink 2000 to be feasible from both operational and East London line extensions East London line extensions engineering points of view, environmentally ‘© Crown copyright.All rights reserved’ (GLA) (100032379) (2002) acceptable and value for money. 5

The Case for Crossrail

Our initial work demonstrates a good 3 Support for the Development of 7 Support for areas outside London 10 Generation of Employment case for building Crossrail 1. We will be London’s Town Centres It would Rail use would be encouraged Crossrail would help reduce costs developing the case for the project based support national planning policy, which by providing more capacity and and so support economic growth. on these objectives and the following 12 seeks to strengthen the role of town decreased congestion on journeys It could help stimulate employment benefits for London and the South-East. centres, both within and outside London, to and from Greater London. in London’s regeneration priority areas by improving access between centres High quality interchanges would and would also generate substantial 1 Support for the Development of and into Central London. help maximise such benefits. employment opportunities during the London’s Core Central Functions construction phase. Capacity and accessibility would be 4 Support for the Development of East 8 Improved Integration of London’s improved to London’s primary finance London and the Thames Gateway Transport Networks Crossrail would 11 Support for the Environment and business service sectors located It would play a vital role in the stimulation form part of an integrated transport Crossrail would promote a modal shift in the city and Docklands. It would also of development and urban regeneration network including increased multi-modal from car to rail. This would help reduce provide wider benefits across the central in East London and the Thames transport interchanges, feeder services, emissions and energy consumption. area including key retail and service Gateway. This would be achieved park-and-ride facilities and new rail locations such as and through improved transport connections services. Crossrail would complement 12 Improvement of Accessibility All new . linking these areas with Central London, the other major projects proposed by stations would incorporate full access and interchanges with other services TfL and the SRA. for the mobility impaired. Access within 2 Improvement of International providing connections north and south. existing stations would also be improved, Connections New and improved 9 Improvement of National Rail where practicable, during remodelling. connections would be provided to 5 Support for other Regeneration Areas Connections Crossrail would provide London airports and European rail and Sites It would support the an alternative to the use of Paddington services. These include a new service regeneration of key areas highlighted and Liverpool Street for those travelling to Heathrow from Central London, the by the ‘Initial Proposals for the Mayor’s east-west. In addition, key connections City and Docklands, an interchange Spatial Development Strategy (2001)’ such as those proposed at Farringdon at Farringdon with services to Gatwick including Key Opportunity Areas such and Whitechapel would provide a wide and Luton Airports, a potential as and the Lea Valley. range of alternative routes. interchange at Stratford for Stansted, and an interchange with the Channel 6 Encouragement of Social Inclusion Tunnel Rail Link at Stratford (and New links from deprived urban areas possibly Ebbsfleet). to jobs and services in Central London and Docklands would improve social inclusion. An example being the proposed interchange at Whitechapel with the extended East London line. 6

HAREFIELD

The Core Route

PINNER HARROW In order to meet the project objectives all KENTON DENHAM selected corridors provide new services GREEN

to link Heathrow, Stratford and the Isle of RUISLIP Dogs. This is termed the core route and

is shown in Figure 3. This report addresses DENHAM route options outside the centre of London. ICKENHAM Work is currently taking place to refine the Northolt Aerodrome alignment between Westbourne Park to the NEW The Current Position west and Liverpool Street to the east. DENHAM NORTHOLT

UXBRIDGE

HILLINGDON GREENFORD

Ealing Broadway HAYES ACTON YIEWSLEY EALING Hayes

BRENTFORD

POYLE Heathrow

T2 HOUNSLOW HEATHROW ISLEWORTH AIRPORT

RICHMOND

STANWELL

TWICKENHAM

FELTHAM

ASHFORD STAINES TEDDINGTON KINGSTON UPON Figure 3 Core Route THAMES FINCHLEY

WOOD GREEN TOTTENHAM

HORNSEY

WANSTEAD

STOKE NEWINGTON LEYTON ILFORD

WILLESDEN HAMPSTEAD HACKNEY

BARKING ISLINGTON Stratford STRATFORD King’s

Cross WEST HAM BOW FINSBURY

PADDINGTON Whitechapel Paddington

MARYLEBONE Liverpool STEPNEY Isle of Street DogsPOPLAR N

HAMMERSMITH KENSINGTON

Victoria WOOLWICH ISLE OF LAMBETH DOGS

CHISWICK CHELSEA

CAMBERWELL FULHAM

BATTERSEA BARNES BRIXTON

Clapham Junction ELTHAM PUTNEY

CATFORD

SIDCUP

STREATHAM

WIMBLEDON ‘© Crown copyright.All rights reserved’ (GLA) (100032379) (2002)

PENGE CHISLEHURST 8

Broad Corridors Considered in To Aylesbury the Preliminary Sifting Process Great Missenden

In Autumn 2001 the Crossrail Board agreed Chalfont & Latimer Watford on broad corridors in east and west London Junction as the starting point for the option selection Watford Chorleywood Watford process (building on the core route). Croxley High Street These broad corridors reflect the Bushey Crossrail project objectives. High Wycombe Moor Park Carpenders Park

Beaconsfield In order to assess their feasibility and Seer Green Northwood Hatch End impact a total of 19 indicative service Northwood Hills Headstone Lane Pinner Harrow & options were derived for these corridors, Gerrards North Cross Harrow Denham Harrow-on- 8 in the west and 11 in the east. Golf Club the-Hill Kenton Denham Eastcote West Northwick Preston Road Ruislip Harrow The corridors are shown in Figure 4. Rayners Park Ruislip Lane South Kenton West Ruislip Manor Wembley South Northolt Ickenham Ruislip Park Sudbury & Wembley Stadium Northolt Aerodrome Sudbury Hillingdon Hill Harrow Wembley Central Greenford Stonebridge Park Nort Acto Burnham Ealing Broadway West Drayton Acto Langley West L Hayes Ealing Southall

Heathrow

T5 T2 Twyford T1, T2, T3 To Oxford Reading

Reading West

To Newbury Western corridor options Great Western Line via Acton Main Line

Aylesbury Line

Uxbridge and Watford (Met Line)

Watford Jct via DC Lines

High Wycombe Line

Possible new station

Possible portal

Figure 4 Potential Route Options To , , , Clacton, Walton and Braintree

Ingatestone Woodham Ferrers Fambridge To Southminster

Billericay Battlesbridge Shenfield

Brentwood Wickford Hockley

Rayleigh Rochford

Gidea Park Chadwell Seven Heath Romford Pitsea Kings Ilford Prittlewell y Park Manor Park Leigh on Sea Southend Forest Benfleet Chalkwell Victoria Gate Maryland Westcliff Southend Woodgrange Central Park Stratford Barking Ripple Lane Dagenham Junction Dock th on Whitechapel Farringdon Barking Rainham Stanford le Hope Bond Reach Street Liverpool Isle of Royals on Main Paddington Tottenham Street Dogs Gallions Line Court Road Reach Woolwich Belvedere Arsenal East Woolwich Tilbury Plumstead Purfleet West Grays Charlton Dockyard Thurrock

Slade Green

Tilbury Stone Crossing Town Swanscombe

Greenhithe Ebbsfleet

Eastern corridor options

Great Eastern Lines

Tilbury Line via Junction

Tilbury Line via Royal Docks

North Kent Line

Possible new station

Possible portal

‘© Crown copyright.All rights reserved’ (GLA) (100032379) (2002)

Biggin Hill Airport 10

The Sifting Process Corridor Selection

Over the period between October 2001 The corridors were considered against The route and service options were and February 2002 these corridors were each criterion using a combination of evaluated against each other using the subject to discussion with a wide range of desk top studies, modelling and site visits. six criteria above. The evaluation was key stakeholders and to a comprehensive The priority was to provide a consistent and quantified where possible and professional assessment and sifting process. objective basis for selection of a short list judgement was used where appropriate. This focussed on six criteria: of options. It was important that the selected Although this process assessed a range options met the Crossrail project objectives. of service patterns on different routes, cost (operating and capital); It was also important that they were the prime objective of this stage was operationally feasible, could be successfully to select the corridors to take forward. benefits (impact on economic constructed, were environmentally optimal The next stage will include selection development and growth, capacity, and would potentially achieve value for of the most appropriate service patterns congestion relief, time savings, money. This information was then fed to run on the shortlisted corridors international connections, into an evaluation and sifting process. regeneration, social exclusion, town centre regeneration, regional Emphasis was placed on the benefits access, and strategic interchanges) derived from each option and the extent to which these contributed to meeting the environmental effects; Crossrail objectives. TfL’s Railplan model was run for all the options to give initial required statutory consents estimates of passenger demand, time (railway industry and construction); savings and the effects on congestion. TfL’s CAPITAL model was also used to engineering feasibility; and examine the effects of the options on accessibility to key areas and locations. operational feasibility. Capital cost estimates were established based on available information with allowances for risk and compensation. Operating costs were assessed on the basis of incremental costs to the railway system as a whole.

Options in the west were compared against each other, whilst keeping a single option constant in the east. Options in the east were then compared keeping a single option constant in the west. 11

Following this preliminary evaluation the High Wycombe Corridor: Grays Corridor via Stratford: Grays Corridor via Royal Docks: Crossrail Board agreed that, taking into the population that would be served It is important to serve the Shenfield line The text above explains the reasons why account rolling stock and other issues by this route is low when compared to secure the congestion relief benefits a route via the was chosen. associated with refranchising, the maximum to other corridors. It follows that levels on the Underground and to increase It then follows that a decision needed extent of services on Crossrail should be of improved access and congestion capacity into to be made between continuing to Grays Aylesbury, Watford Junction, Reading, relief would be comparatively small. (allowing improvement of services in or connecting to the North Kent line. Shenfield and Ebbsfleet, complemented by There would also be operability the Lea Valley). The need to maintain A corridor to Grays would run mainly high quality interchanges with longer constraints, with a potential conflict service capacity on the Shenfield Line in tunnel through the area between the distance services. This means that longer between future Crossrail services and means that it would only be possible Royal Docks and Barking Creek where distance services, for instance beyond existing Chiltern line services to High to serve one other route in the east there is limited scope for further urban Reading to Oxford, will not be pursued. In Wycombe and beyond. (without the construction of major regeneration initiatives and development the central area, Crossrail will be used much infrastructure works with significant land opportunities. This corridor would not like the Underground, as part of the central Uxbridge and Watford Corridor: and property implications). This meant provide a service to Barking town centre, area distribution network. This will influence Crossrail would directly replicate the that a choice had to be made between and in addition the extensive tunnelling the type of rolling stock, with the need for existing services a route to Grays via Stratford and one required would make construction very greater door capacity and interior standing which already provide a relatively high via the Isle of Dogs. Following analysis expensive. It was therefore concluded space. These trains are not suitable for frequency cross-London service. of economic development, regeneration that the North Kent line corridor should longer distance operations. The benefits to passengers are and transport needs, it was concluded be pursued instead. therefore lower when compared that to serve the Isle of Dogs would The Board also agreed that four corridors to other options where there is no provide greater benefits. The Grays would not be taken forward to the next stage existing direct ‘through’ service. corridor via Stratford was therefore not of project development. These were the recommended for further assessment. corridors to High Wycombe and Uxbridge / Watford in the west; and to Grays via Forest Gate Junction and Grays via the Royal Docks in the east. These were rejected for the following reasons: 12

The Short List To Aylesbury Great Missenden Chesham The Crossrail Board concluded that five corridors should be taken forward to the Watf next stage of appraisal, three in the west Chalfont & Latimer Junc and two in the east. Each corridor has Amersham a range of potential service options. Chorleywood

To the west: Rickmansworth

the Watford Junction line corridor; Moor Park

the Aylesbury line corridor; and Northwo

the Great Western line corridor.

To the east:

the Great Eastern line corridor; and the North Kent line corridor through the Isle of Dogs (via either the Royal Docks or Charlton).

HILLINGDON

These are shown in Figure 5 and described West Drayton Maidenhead Langley Iver in more detail on the following pages. Hayes Slough

BERKSHIRE

T2 Twyford Reading Heathrow

Figure 5 Short listed corridors ford ction HERTFORDSHIRE

Watford ENFIELD High Street Bushey Shenfield

Carpenders Park BARNET Brentwood

HARROW ood Hatch End Headstone Lane WALTHAM FOREST REDBRIDGE HARINGEY Harold Wood Harrow & Wealdstone

Kenton Chadwell HAVERING Seven Heath Romford Harrow-on-the-Hill Kings South Kenton Ilford Goodmayes Wembley Park Manor North Wembley ISLINGTON Forest Park BARKING AND DAGENHAM HACKNEY Gate Maryland BRENT Wembley Central CAMDEN Stonebridge Stratford Park Willesden Junction Harlesden NEWHAM Farringdon Whitechapel Alternative Acton Main Bond West EALING Line TOWER HAMLETS Street Ealing Liverpool Isle of routes Paddington Tottenham Street Dogs Royals Ealing Court Road Hanwell Broadway Woolwich Abbey Wood Belvedere HAMMERSMITH Arsenal Southall AND FULHAM

KENSINGTON Woolwich AND CHELSEA Dockyard Plumstead Erith SOUTHWARK Charlton HOUNSLOW GREENWICH

BEXLEY Stone Crossing Swanscombe

LAMBETH Greenhithe WANDSWORTH Dartford LEWISHAM Ebbsfleet RICHMOND UPON THAMES

‘© Crown copyright.All rights reserved’ (GLA) (100032379) (2002) MERTON

KINGSTON UPON THAMES Stonebridge Park and Harlesden. include stops at Wembley Central, This would Willesden and Watford Junctions. all existingIt would serve stations between at Watfordand terminate Junction station. Paddington station near Ladbroke Grove) Grand Union Junction (to the west of at the proposed would start The corridor Key Areas Served Watford Junction line 1: Corridor Listed Corridors The Short

termination stations Possible service Major interchange Watford Junction

Watford High St

Bushey

Carpenders Park interchanges with buses at many stations. There would also be convenient Junction. direct links to the West End from Willesden the would provide In addition, the to Clapham Junction. and on & Islington and Richmond, Highbury London line towards on the North services connections at Willesden Junction with There would also be London Euston. to deliver significant congestion relief This would new platforms). of construction Willesden Junction (subject to the & Wealdstone and Harrow connections), there are also inter-cityJunction (where would be possible at Watfordservices Interchanges with longer distance suburban Key Interchanges 14

Hatch End

Headstone Lane

Harrow & Wealdstone

Kenton required in the Willesden Junction area, a new depot would be In addition, works. signalling and overhead electrification and extensive (including new platforms), to selected stations major works Green, a grade-separated junction at Kensal required including:engineering works other There would also be a number of Junction and Willesden Junction. new tunnel between Grand Union 1km of would require approximatelyThis corridor Engineering to WatfordSilverlink Metro services Junction. & WealdstoneJunction and and Harrow between Willesden Bakerloo line services would require the withdrawal of this corridor on Crossrail 1 services The introduction of Impact on Other Services

South Kenton

North Wembley for LUL Bakerloo line new stabling and maintenance depot Major station reconstruction including

Wembley Central

Stonebridge Park ©ConcprgtAlrgt eevd (GLA) (100032379) (2002) reserved’ rights ‘© Crown copyright.All and Wembley corridor. on the Harrow providing additional services Metropolitan lines at by to the Jubilee and provide congestion relief It would also Park Royal regeneration area. the and would serve Park, and Carpenders Willesden, the deprived areas of It would directly serve from other services. interchanging and for passengers Watford, Docklands from areas along the route to City and savings to the West End, would provideThis significant time corridor Benefits need to be reconfigured. depot at Stonebridge Park would also The existing Park for the Bakerloo line. with more train stabling sidings at Queen’s

of new tunnel Approximately 1km Harlesden

Willesden Junction junction separated Grade

Paddington 15

Corridor 2: Aylesbury line

Key Areas Served Wembley Key Opportunity Area, Harrow into Marylebone and Baker Street/Aldgate, Park and Rickmansworth, and new platforms The corridor would serve the county town Metropolitan Town Centre, and numerous respectively. It is possible that the paths at Wembley Park and Northwood Stations. and regional centre of Aylesbury, with residential areas. released by substitution of the Chiltern line The corridor would also require overhead a branch to Chesham. It would start at service would enable a more frequent electrification from Grand Union Junction to Grand Union Junction (to the west of Key Interchanges service on the High Wycombe route, Aylesbury (including the ). Paddington station near Ladbroke Grove) There would be interchanges with the while those released on the Metropolitan and terminate at Aylesbury. It would serve Jubilee and Metropolitan lines at Wembley line may permit an increased frequency Benefits all stations currently served by Chiltern and Park, the Uxbridge branch of the of Underground services between Watford This corridor would provide significant Metropolitan ‘fast’ trains, and Wembley Park Metropolitan line at Harrow-on-the-Hill, and Uxbridge to Central London. time savings to the West End, City and and Northwood stations. Crossrail 1 services the Watford branch of the Metropolitan line Docklands from areas along the route to would join the Chiltern line north of Neasden at Moor Park and the Princes Risborough Engineering Aylesbury, and for passengers interchanging Junction. The route would serve the service at Aylesbury. There would also be A new two-track railway would be from other services. It would serve deprived convenient interchanges with buses at many constructed either through Old Oak areas in Aylesbury, Willesden and Neasden, stations (particularly Harrow-on-the-Hill). Common depot linking up with the freight- provide congestion relief for the Jubilee only or via a new tunnel and Metropolitan lines through provision Impact on Other Services to Neasden. There would be a number of of services on the Harrow-on-the-Hill and The introduction of Crossrail 1 services on other engineering works including a grade- Wembley Park corridor and relief for the this corridor would result in fewer Chiltern separated junction at , major Circle line through provision of alternative line and Metropolitan line trains operating station works at Harrow-on-the-Hill, Moor services direct to the City.

Chesham

Aylesbury Stoke Mandeville Great Missenden Amersham Chalfont & LatimerChorleywood Rickmansworth Moor Park Northwood Harrow-on- the-HillWembley Park Paddington

Station rebuilt New two track railway at grade Grade separated at different location or via a new tunnel junction Major interchange New station Possible service termination stations

‘© Crown copyright.All rights reserved’ (GLA) (100032379) (2002) 16

Corridor 3: Great Western line

Key Areas Served be provided. An alternative, with services Impact on Other Services Reading. All options will require major works Services on the Great Western line to Slough and/or Reading would provide Widening of the track layout between Grand at most stations, including reconstruction corridor could terminate at Heathrow, improved service and frequencies to central Union Junction and Airport Junction would of Ealing Broadway. Ealing Broadway, Slough or Reading. London for stations between Slough and create additional capacity on the Great The Heathrow service could serve terminals Paddington. Both variants would provide Western line for the benefit of a number Benefits 1,2,3 and 5 at , providing longer and more frequent trains relieving of passenger and freight operators. This corridor would provide significant a stopping service to complement Heathrow overcrowding and enabling more regular time savings to the West End, City and Express to Paddington. One variant on this stopping patterns. Engineering Docklands from areas along the route corridor would involve a limited service to The limited service to Heathrow with all to Reading, and from surrounding towns Heathrow with all other Crossrail trains on Key Interchanges other trains terminating at Ealing Broadway (through interchanges with Crossrail this corridor terminating at Ealing Broadway, There would be interchanges with the would require the remodelling of Airport services). It would also serve deprived where a new high-quality interchange could Central and District lines at Ealing Junction (the junction of the Great Western areas along the corridor and improve Broadway; with at Slough; line with the branch to Heathrow Airport), accessibility to Heathrow for areas across Maidenhead and Twyford; and with inter-city and widening of the track layout from four the entire South East region. Crossrail and local services at Reading. There would to six tracks as far as Ealing Broadway. services on the Great Western line also be good interchanges with buses at Services to Heathrow and Slough would would increase service frequencies many stations, especially Ealing Broadway, require more extensive widening of the on this corridor and attract passengers Slough and Reading; and with the proposed railway to six tracks beyond Ealing to Airport from the adjacent Central and West London Transit Intermediate Mode Junction and the electrification of the line lines. This would provide congestion relief scheme at Ealing Broadway. from Airport Junction to Slough and/or on these Underground services.

Reading Twyford Maidenhead Taplow Burnham Slough Langley Iver West Drayton Hayes Southall Hanwell West Ealing Ealing Broadway Acton Main Line Paddington

Major junction Track widened from four to six tracks. Major station reconstruction remodeling Extent of widening west of Ealing Broadway affecting both LUL and Major interchange Heathrow depends on adopted service patterns infrastructure Possible service termination stations

‘© Crown copyright.All rights reserved’ (GLA) (100032379) (2002) 17

Corridor 4: Great Eastern line

Key Areas Served links north to Highbury and south to Engineering The corridor would extend east from Wimbledon and West Croydon. This corridor would require extensive a tunnel portal at Bow, terminating The corridor would provide interchanges construction works for the tunnel portal, at Shenfield. It would provide services with Docklands , and major remodelling of to Gidea Park and Shenfield using the Central line at Stratford; and good bus and the lengthening of existing platforms Great Eastern line (via Ilford and Romford interchanges at many stations, especially at most stations. Metropolitan Town Centres). at Stratford, Ilford and Romford. Links to the proposed Intermediate Benefits Key Interchanges Mode scheme at Ilford and Romford would This corridor would provide time savings It would serve the Stratford Key Opportunity also be possible. to the West End, City and Docklands from Area providing an interchange with the areas along the route to Shenfield, and from Rail Link. It would also Impact on Other Services some town centres beyond. It would improve provide an interchange with the District The additional capacity created by access to Stratford (particularly from the line, Hammersmith & City line and the Crossrail 1 between Stratford and Liverpool west). It would also serve deprived areas East London line at Whitechapel. The East Street would enable additional National Rail in east London, provide additional train London line connection would provide services to operate between the Lea Valley paths into Liverpool Street and provide a link south to New Cross and, once the and Liverpool Street. significant congestion relief for the Central, East London line extensions are complete, District and Circle lines.

Liverpool Street Whitechapel Stratford Maryland Forest Gate Manor Park Ilford Goodmayes Romford Gidea Park Harold Wood Brentwood Shenfield

Major construction works at tunnel portal

Major interchange Possible service termination stations

‘© Crown copyright.All rights reserved’ (GLA) (100032379) (2002) 18

Corridor 5a: North Kent line via the Royal Docks

Key Areas Served Key Interchanges Impact on Other Services would require approximately twice the The corridor would run in new tunnel from There would be interchanges with the The introduction of Crossrail 1 services on length of tunnel than the alternative Stepney Green through the Isle of Dogs to Jubilee line and Docklands Light Rail at the this corridor would require the substitution Charlton route (Corridor 5b). The route the Royal Docks and on to the North Kent Isle of Dogs station. The station at Woolwich of existing National Rail services on the to Dartford would require an additional lines. The tunnel portal would be located Arsenal would provide a connection with North Kent line between Plumstead and set of tracks (four-tracking) between between Woolwich Arsenal and Plumstead the proposed Docklands Light Rail station Slade Green. Existing National Rail services Creek Junction and Dartford stations. The route would then extend to and National Rail services to Lewisham to and beyond Dartford would be diverted Junction. The extension out to Ebbsfleet Plumstead, Dartford and/or Ebbsfleet and and London Bridge. There would be an via either the or would require 4km of new track from could terminate at any of these three interchange at Dartford with National Rail branches, while new metro-style shuttle Swanscombe to Ebbsfleet to accommodate locations. It would provide new stations services to and the services would be introduced between both Crossrail services and existing at Isle of Dogs, Royal Docks, and possibly towns, and an extension to Ebbsfleet would Plumstead and central London via both services on the North Kent lines. (providing access to London City create a second interchange with the Greenwich and Blackheath. Airport), and a new underground station at Channel Tunnel Rail Link. There would also Benefits Woolwich Arsenal. be good interchanges with buses at many Engineering This corridor would provide time savings stations (especially Woolwich Arsenal The corridor would require a new tunnel to the West End and City, and significant and Dartford), and there would be an from Stepney Green to Custom House time savings to Docklands from all areas interchange with the proposed Waterfront (Royal Docks). It would use the North along the route including town centres Transit Intermediate Mode Scheme London Line to Silvertown and then beyond Dartford. It would provide improved at Woolwich Arsenal and Abbey Wood. continue in new tunnel surfacing onto accessibility to regeneration areas in the the North Kent lines between Woolwich south Thames Gateway area, Woolwich Arsenal and Plumstead. This corridor town centre and the Royal Docks.

Liverpool Street Whitechapel Isle of Dogs Royals Silvertown Woolwich Arsenal Plumstead Abbey Wood Belvedere Erith Slade Green Dartford Ebbsfleet

Major works for New tunnel New tunnel Track widening New track grade separated to four tracks junction in tunnel

Major interchange New station

Possible service ‘© Crown copyright.All rights reserved’ (GLA) (100032379) (2002) termination stations 19

Corridor 5b: North Kent line via Charlton

Key Areas Served Key Interchanges Impact on Other Services Plumstead to Dartford would require This corridor would run in new tunnel from There would be interchanges with the The introduction of Crossrail 1 services a new set of tracks (four-tracking) Stepney Green through the Isle of Dogs Jubilee line and Docklands Light Rail at on this corridor would substitute some between Crayford Creek Junction and to Charlton and on to the North Kent lines. the Isle of Dogs. The station at Woolwich existing National Rail services on the Dartford Junction. The extension out The tunnel portal would be located north Arsenal would provide an interchange with North Kent line between Charlton and to Ebbsfleet would require 4km of new of Charlton on the Greenwich Peninsula. the proposed Docklands Light Rail station Slade Green. Existing National Rail services track from Swanscombe to Ebbsfleet. A new surface railway would be required and with National Rail services to London beyond Dartford would be diverted via The new track is required to create enough from the portal to Charlton, with the Bridge and Lewisham. There would also either the Sidcup or Bexleyheath branches, capacity to accommodate both Crossrail provision of a new Charlton station. be an interchange at Dartford with National while new metro-style shuttle services would services and existing services on the The route could either terminate at Charlton Rail services to Gravesend and the Medway be introduced between Charlton and Central North Kent lines. or extend to Dartford and/or Ebbsfleet. towns. An extension to Ebbsfleet would London via both Greenwich and Blackheath. There would also be a new station at the create an interchange with the Channel Benefits Isle of Dogs. Tunnel Rail Link. There would also be Engineering This corridor would provide time savings to good interchanges with buses at many There would be a new tunnel from Stepney the West End and City and significant time stations, especially Woolwich Arsenal Green to the Greenwich Peninsula (including savings to Docklands from all areas along and Dartford, and interchanges with the the construction of a new station at the the route and town centres beyond Dartford. proposed Waterfront Transit Intermediate Isle of Dogs). The tunnel portal would be It would provide improved accessibility to Mode Scheme at Charlton, Woolwich located north of Charlton with new track regeneration areas in the south Thames Arsenal and Abbey Wood. running to Charlton station. The route from Gateway area, and to Woolwich town centre.

Liverpool Street Whitechapel Isle of Dogs Charlton Woolwich DockyardWoolwich Arsenal Plumstead Abbey Wood Belvedere Erith Slade Green Dartford Ebbsfleet

Major works for New tunnel Track widening New track grade separated to four tracks tunnel junction

Major interchange New station Possible service ‘© Crown copyright.All rights reserved’ (GLA) (100032379) (2002) termination stations 20

Refining the Short-List

The short-listing process has identified five In refining the short-list it will be necessary potential Crossrail 1 corridors, three in the to consider the remaining alternative routes west and two in the east. The task is now in the eastern and western corridors and to appraise these corridors and possible determine optimal service patterns on the service patterns in more detail. On the basis various branches. In the west it is most of this appraisal a recommendation for the unlikely that services on both the Aylesbury preferred Crossrail 1 alignment will be made and Watford Junction routes will be possible, later this year. Implementation of the chosen so a choice between these two routes will The Way Forward scheme will then be dependent on securing need to be made. In the east there is a the necessary statutory powers. choice between the route via Charlton and the route via the Royal Docks on to the On the five short-listed corridors there North Kent line. are several possible end and intermediate destinations for services giving a range A comparison between choices in the east of service pattern combinations. and choices in the west will be made in a similar manner to the initial short-listing. The potential end destinations for The options in the west will be compared services are: against each other whilst keeping a single option constant in the east. This principle In the west: In the east: will also apply to the appraisal of the Watford Shenfield eastern options. Aylesbury (and Chesham) Plumstead Ealing Broadway Dartford To determine optimal service patterns, Heathrow Ebbsfleet it will be necessary to develop and test a Slough range of service patterns on all branches. Reading Many service pattern permutations are possible. The assessment will examine different stopping patterns and frequencies and test how services in the east will link with those in the west. This is important as it will determine issues such as which locations in the east could benefit from a direct service to Heathrow. 21

Option Assessment The Final Selection Process

The main focus of the assessment will A recommendation for the preferred be the Crossrail objectives and the extent Crossrail 1 route will be made to the to which they are met. Key considerations Crossrail Board towards the end of 2002. will also be the degree of operational and This will be based on an analysis using construction feasibility, environmental effects the multi-criteria framework, results of and value for money. The assessment will parallel work considering funding and therefore combine these issues into one procurement options, and the views of multi-criteria appraisal process. This will key stakeholders. In reaching the decision be based on the five criteria: environment, the Board will also assess the affordability safety, economy, accessibility and of the project. This will be strongly integration introduced in the ”New Deal influenced by the potential degree for Transport (DTLR 1998)”. of private sector involvement.

The topics to be addressed and the key measures to be used in the appraisal are shown in the table. The work will take into account:

Current HM Treasury and DTLR guidance on appraisals

DTLR ‘Guidance on the Methodology for Multi-modal studies (GOMMS)

The national perspective - thus the net contribution to the UK economy and employment will be assessed, as well as the contribution to other Ten Year Plan targets

A range of sensitivity and value for money tests on the key assumptions 22

Crossrail Project line 1 Draft Appraisal Framework Criteria Context Impact Proposed Measurement Environment Crossrail aims to improve the Noise Effect of noise and vibration from construction of the scheme environment, at the same time Effect of rail noise in the corridors, of station facilities and of changes to road traffic flows and minimising any adverse impacts of other construction activities construction and operations Effects of reduction in car use on key highways Local air quality Effect on local air quality as a result of extracting and transporting spoil, and effects of modal shift during operation Global emissions Effect on CO2 emissions (as a key indicator) and hence the global environment as a result of changes in car and rail use Landscape Effect on the landscape of temporary and permanent works in rural areas Townscape Effect on the townscape of temporary and permanent works in suburban and urban areas Heritage Effect on heritage resources (including archaeology) of temporary and permanent works Biodiversity Effect on species and habitats of temporary and permanent works Water Environment Effect on the water environment of temporary and permanent works In-vehicle quality Improvements in journey quality attributes Land / property Permanent and temporary land and property requirements Safety Crossrail aims to improve the safety Accidents Changes in accidents by all modes, particularly as a result of transfer from car of travel Security Changes in security on the transport network and the number of people affected Economy Crossrail aims to support the Employment Changes in accessibility and transport capacity to major employment areas, particularly the key and Regional policies finance and business sector locations, town centres and central London Direct and indirect impact on employment levels particularly in the key finance and business sector located in the City and the Isle of Dogs Job creation during construction Effect on local economies around stations Effect on unemployment Effect on the wider UK economy AM peak period transport benefits by destination Housing supply AM peak period transport benefits by origin Regeneration Changes in accessibility to key regeneration areas Property Values Change in property supply and values Crossrail aims to provide value for Costs Capital cost of land and property money in design and operation and Capital costs of construction be financeable Capital cost of signalling and systems Capital/lease costs of rolling stock Annual maintenance costs Annual operating costs Access and compensation charges Crossrail aims to provide significant Transport Benefits Time saving benefits to existing and new users transport benefits Reliability improvements Benefits from relief of congestion on existing rail services Benefits from relief of congestion at stations Highway operating cost savings and congestion relief benefits 23

Crossrail Project line 1 Draft Appraisal Framework (continued) Criteria Context Impact Proposed Measurement Economy Crossrail aims to generate Revenue Gross and net revenue generated from fares on Crossrail 1 (continued) significant surplus over its Other income (advertising etc) operating costs Impact on other operators Crossrail aims to minimise the Finance Overall cash flow for the project public sector cash requirement Cash flows assuming private sector involvement Estimates of developer contributions Other indirect cash flows (e.g. exchequer income via increased business rates) Crossrail aims to identify, quantify Risks Identification of key statutory consent, engineering, operational, financial and economic risks and and minimise the key risks for likelihood of occurrence the project Sensitivity tests of the major risks to the financial and economic case Crossrail aims to provide good Value for money Net Present Financial Cost of the Project value for money Net Present Benefits of the project Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return Conventional cost : benefit ratio including transport benefits and accident savings but excluding wider benefits Cost : benefit ratio taking into account the wider effects on the London and UK economy Sensitivity tests Accessibility Crossrail aims to improve access Travel times Changes in travel times between selected origins and destinations to and from the regions into and across London; and Crossrail aims to improve accessibility within London Crossrail aims to be accessible to all Access for mobility impaired Change in the number of stations with provision for the mobility impaired and interconnections with passengers other accessible services Social inclusion Change in accessibility to areas of high deprivation Integration Crossrail aims to support planning, Land use policy Extent to which the project supports the integration of transport and land use planning within the social and environmental objectives objectives of the Government’s 10 year Plan, the Mayor’s Spatial Development Strategy and Regional Planning Guidance Crossrail aims to improve London’s Air Impact on accessibility to London’s airports international connections Rail Impact on accessibility to the international stations (St Pancras, Waterloo, Stratford and Ebbsfleet) Crossrail aims to support the Interchange Strategy Changes in the number and quality of interchanges development of strategic Impact on the connectivity of the transport network interchanges and town centres Crossrail aims to integrate with Transport Integration Extent to which the project complements other transport projects, proposals and policies other projects and proposals e.g. Crossrail line 2, Thameslink 2000 and ORBIT proposals 24

There are choices to be made on the have on your particular area of interest. routes for the Crossrail Line 1 project, and You may also wish to comment on our on issues such as the extent of services proposed appraisal framework. and the key interchanges. We would like your views on the options presented in We will use your responses in the selection this document. process to help determine the preferred route, and support the general case for Key choices that need to be made at this the project. We need your views stage include the selection of routes in the west – whether to serve Watford or Please provide your response by Aylesbury, and in the east – whether to run Friday 26th July 2002 to: via Charlton or the Royal Docks. There are then choices to be made about how far and how many services should run, particularly The Consultation Manager on the Great Western and North Kent line corridors. Crossrail

Our aim is to provide the Crossrail line 1 1 Butler Place scheme which represents best value for money, is feasible in both engineering and London SW1H OPT operational terms, and for which funding is possible. To achieve this we will need to justify why the project is necessary and Telephone 020 7941 7600 to demonstrate its impact over a wide range of issues and areas. Facsimile 020 7941 7703

We would therefore welcome your views on Email [email protected] the Crossrail Line 1 project as a whole, how important you think it is for London and the South East and what impact you think it will www.crossrail.co.uk

Cross London Rail Links Limited 1 Butler Place London SW1H OPT

Telephone 020 7941 7600 Facsimile 020 7941 7703 Email [email protected] www.crossrail.co.uk