Nikkei Images

National Nikkei Museum and Heritage Centre Newsletter ISSN#1203-9017 Autumn 2004, Vol. 9, No. 3 Princess Takamado Visits Steveston and the Nikkei Centre by Stan Fukawa Memorial to Japanese fishermen on June 7th, the day of her arrival. She also visited the Japanese Language School, donated books at UBC’s Asian Library, had luncheon with the Lieut. Governor, visited the Nikkei Heritage Centre and Nikkei Home and finished June 8th with a reception at the Pan Pacific Hotel hosted by local Japanese and Nikkei organizations. To mark her visit to Nikkei Place, a new painting by Ted Colyer, “Steadfast, Pacific Ocean”, was unveiled on the east wall of the Ellipse Lobby. Everyone seemed charmed by her flawless Queen’s English, her excellent French, her smile and her sincerity. And she spoke to many – from the children in Steveston from the Tomekichi Homma Elementary School, to the receiving line at the Nikkei Centre, the elders at Nikkei Home, and the representatives of the Nikkei community at the Pan Pacific. Her cross-Canada tour Her Imperial Highness Princess Takamado flanked by Richmond Mayor Malcolm encompassed Vancouver, Edmonton, Brodie and Attorney-General Geoff Plant at the Japanese Fishermen’s Memorial. (Stan Fukawa photo, 2004) Continued on page 2 HIH Princess Takamado, Contents widow of Prince Takamado (cousin Princess Takamado Visits Steveston and the Nikkei Centre 1 to the Emperor Heisei) came to Duck Decoys: From Utilitarian Object to Art Form 2 Canada on a 14-day tour to mark the The Shimizu Family Story. Part II 8 75th anniversary of diplomatic Visit of the ASAMA and AZUMA to Vancouver 14 relations between Canada and Japan. Shashin: Japanese Canadian Studio Photography to 1942 17 She was in the Vancouver area for a Japanese Canadian National Museum Report 18 Board of Directors, NNMHC, 2004-2005 19 whirlwind two days, visiting the Nikkei Week 2004 Schedule Announced 19 Steveston waterfront and the Things Japanese Sale 19 1 Toronto, Kingston, Ottawa, Montreal is mother to three daughters and an Announcements and Charlottetown. She received two honorary patron to over twenty Nikkei Week Sep. 15 - Oct. 2, 2004 honorary doctorates – at the cultural, athletic, aid and international Nikkei Place Universitiy of Alberta where she friendship groups, including the Japan

Remembrance Day Memorial opened the Centre for Japanese Red Cross and Les Amies de Langue Nov. 11, 2004 Studies, and at the University of Francaise. She acquired her English JC War Monument, Stanley Park, Vancover Prince Edward Island. While on PEI, accent while studying at Cambridge. Shashin: JC Studio Photography Exhibition she attended the opening night of a An excellent ambassador for her Nov., 2004 new season for the musical, “Anne country, her late husband’s well- Royal BC Museum, Victoria of Green Gables.” At Kingston, she known love for Canada and the very Asahi Baseball Team Exhibition launched an exhibit honouring her late positive response to her from Feb., 2005 husband, who studied at Queens’ Canadians should mean that she will Nikkei Place University. grace our shores again soon. ❁ JCNM Lecture Series The fifty-year old Princess “After the Turmoil” T. Kage, Dr. P. Roy, Dr. Y. Shibata Duck Decoys: From Utilitarian Object Sep. 21, 2004, 7:00 pm Nikkei Place to Art Form by Mitsuo Yesaki “History of Japanese Language Schools” Development of the Decoy centres. These market hunters Dr. H. Noro, H. Steves Natives from the Atlantic increased the demand for decoys as Oct., 2004, 7:00 pm Nikkei Place and Central regions of North America they deployed huge rigs, sometimes used decoys for hunting waterfowl numbering in the hundreds. They sold Nikkei Images is published by since prehistoric times. They quickly the carcasses to meat markets and the National Nikkei Museum fashioned temporary decoys from the feathers to hat-makers, when and Heritage Centre Society twigs and grasses when required and hats were high fashion and women’s generally abandoned them after use. hats were invariably adorned with Immigrant hunters and trappers feathers. 2 Editorial Committee: copied the indigenous decoys, but Stanley Fukawa, Grace Hama, instead of fabricating them of Waterfowl Hunting in the Fraser Jim Hasegawa, Frank Kamiya, ephemeral materials carved them of River Delta Mitsuo Yesaki, Carl Yokota wood for use year after year.1 The Fraser River delta was Subscription to Nikkei Images Wooden decoys were used by a major stopover for waterfowl is free with your yearly European immigrants by the 1700s migrating along the Pacific Flyway. membership to NNMHCS: and are distinctive among folk arts Shore birds, ducks, geese and swans because they are strictly a North swarmed the delta marshes on their Family $25 American art form. The hunting southbound migrations in the fall and Individual $20 grounds for ducks and geese were again in the spring enroute to their Senior/Student $15 North America’s first highways; so northern nesting and feeding grounds. Senior Couple $20 many skilled carvers were also Waterfowl apparently was not an Non-profit Association $50 expert boat builders from the Atlantic important item in the diet of Native Corporate $100 coast and the shores of the Great peoples living on the coast of British $1 per copy for non-members Lakes. Initially, a few hunters carved Columbia. Natives relied almost NIKKEI PLACE decoys for themselves and exclusively on the abundant 6688 Southoaks Crescent, occasionally for their friends. They resources of fish, shellfish, sea Burnaby, B.C., V5E 4M7 hunted waterfowl for sport and took mammals, roots and berries.1 Pioneer Canada pride in perfecting the tools of the settlers in the Fraser River delta relied tel: (604) 777-7000 hunt.2 on the seasonal waterfowl resources fax: (604) 777-7001 Market hunters appeared in to augment their food supplies. [email protected] the mid-Nineteenth Century with the Manoah Steves arrived in 1877 and www.jcnm.ca development of railway systems purchased 400 acres on the western capable of rapidly transporting extremity of Lulu Island, north of waterfowl from remote hunting what is now Steveston Highway. He grounds to burgeoning population hunted ducks and geese with an 8- 2 gauge shotgun on the marsh were much more abundant in the contiguous to his homestead. He Fraser River delta, so Japanese hunted for food, killing 100 to 150 fishermen likely expended most of birds per outing, by mounting the their hunting effort for ducks and shotgun on a stand and shooting geese. Waterfowl probably ducks and geese grounded on the accounted for a significant proportion flats. His children were given the of Japanese fishermen’s diet of meat responsibility of processing the birds on the Fraser River. by cutting off the heads, wings and feet, and skinning rather then plucking Decoys in the Fraser River Delta the feathers and lastly gutting the William Gray is attributed to carcasses. The carcasses were introducing decoys to the Lower salted in barrels for consumption Mainland in the 1880s. He settled on through the winter.3 Salting was the Lulu Island and started commercial usual method of preserving hunting to supply the growing port of Schematic drawings from a children’s waterfowl up to the end of the Vancouver. Other well-known book showing how to fold bulrush leaves into toy decoys. 3 Nineteenth Century. Barrels of salted commercial hunters were Tru waterfowl from the Maritimes were Haviland Oliver of Ladner and Harold Harold Steves Sr. made decoys from shipped to cities in Quebec and Percy Bicknell of Richmond. Oliver newspapers folded according to a Ontario, and as far away as London, hunted from a battery, a craft Native design when snow geese England.2 specifically designed for market appeared on Sturgeon Bank. 3 Most Little information is available hunting, with a rig of over 100 floating sport hunters purchased wood decoys on the daily life of Japanese decoys and 12 cast iron wing geese. from professional carvers, while a fishermen on the Fraser River in the Bicknell started commercial hunting few carved their own rigs. last decades of the Nineteenth at age 14 with a punt gun. The gun Century. However, a diary kept by was laid along the middle of his Japanese Hunters and Carvers Sannosuke Ennyu of his initial years hunting boat, with the muzzle There is no information on on the Skeena and Naas Rivers in protruding over the bow and the stock the percentage of Japanese that the mid-1890s gives an overall view against a cushion on the transom. He hunted, but most probably the of how fishermen lived.4 Japanese aimed the gun by pointing the boat at percentage of fishermen that hunted immigrants fished two months during duck flocks on the water. Market for waterfowl was higher than in the sockeye salmon season, then hunting was prohibited in 1917, but other occupations because of their worked at various make-work Oliver and Bicknell continued carving association with waterways. They projects, including fishing for chum decoys, the latter for sale to sport spent much of the year aboard their salmon and cutting wood for making hunters. His brant, snow geese, boats and skiffs navigating through charcoal, during the remainder of the mallards and pintail decoys sold for habitats teeming with ducks and year. They participated in a cash $10 to $12 per dozen during the geese. Larry Maekawa estimates economy during the sockeye season depression. Bicknell carved between that 25-percent of the Japanese and an essentially cash-less economy 3,000 to 4,000 decoys and was more fishermen in Ucluelet hunted during the off-fishing season, influential than any other carver on waterfowl prior to World War II. 5 A bartering for most items while literally the style of BC decoys. 2 cursory count of Japanese in the living off the land. Ennyu and his Some hunters, shooting for Fraser River fishery showed over colleagues spent most of their hunting home-use and sport, adopted the use 50-percent hunted waterfowl. This effort targeting for deer, killing 31 in of decoys to increase their chances higher percentage of hunters less than two months, and negligible for successful hunts. A few avid probably reflects the much greater time hunting waterfowl, though he hunters even kept live ducks and concentration of waterfowl on the does mention memorable meals of used them as decoys. A regulation expansive Fraser River delta heron with udon and duck with sake. was passed in about 1932 prohibiting marshlands. The terrain at the mouth of the the use of live decoys in British Larry Maekawa also Skeena River is mountainous with a Columbia. A few hunters fashioned remembers excess ducks that could restricted delta, more appropriate for temporary decoys from ephemeral not be consumed immediately were deer than waterfowl. Waterfowl materials for specific occasions. Continued on page 4 3 cooked in a soy sauce and sugar Railway, sawmill and steamboat. In ongoing occupation requiring solution, stored in bottles and capped 1911, he opened a barbershop with the absolute finest grained cedar for use during winter. Keizo Mimori Mikizo Nishiguchi in New logs, which the boys would was an avid duck hunter who lived Westminster. A Chinese elder from reclaim from the marshes. Once next door to the Maekawas in Fraser Ladner’s Chinatown advised Maeda judgment was passed on the Bay. On one of his hunting trips, to open a barbershop in Ladner. quality of the wood, duck-sized Mimori was unable to shoot any Maeda sold his share of the New blocks would be sawn and then, ducks so he shot a loon and invited Westminster business to his partner with the use of a sharp hatchet, Kanzo Maekawa to taste his prize. in 1912 and opened a barbershop at formed into the rough shape of a Maekawa lectured his neighbour on 417 Westham Street in Ladner. He duck’s body. After much rasping, adhering to hunting regulations and followed his mentor’s advice, paying filing and sanding a perfectly the consequences of breaking these special respect and ceremony when formed mallard or pintail body regulations, but as the loon was cutting off the queues of Chinese would take shape and then with already killed consented to go over men, and his business prospered. He the addition of a carved neck for dinner. He later recounted the loon sent for a picture bride from his native and head, Mr. Maeda would give meat was white and the most Okayama Prefecture in 1913. They the result a thorough inspection, delicious waterfowl he had ever had seven children, three boys and which invariably required some eaten. 5 four daughters. In 1921 he built a minute adjustments that I feel sure Minor infractions of hunting house with a barbershop.8 no self-respecting duck would regulations were commonplace. Ihei Rokosuke was an avid duck have been all that concerned Hirata and Mitsuru Yodagawa often hunter and “well-known in the with. The painting was left in Mr. hunted together. On one occasion, Fraser River delta as a fine shot, Maeda’s hands and with a live they were out hunting in the marsh a talented carver and a skilled duck sitting on his knee he off the Scottish Canadian Cannery. boat builder - he was one of the would, meticulously copy each of They were spotted hunting from a few hunters who used a punt and its feathers until he ended up with gillnetter, which was illegal, by a pole for manoeuvring on the something that could be bystander who reported to the police. marshes.”2 He kept about a dozen considered to be a work of art Hirata and Yodagawa were warned mallard ducks on his waterfront rather than any work-a-day, that the police had been alerted so property. He clipped the feathers on cedar decoy. One drawback to they tied the boat to the wharf and one wing to prevent the ducks from striving for such perfection was visited with fishermen friends who flying off. He released the ducks at that not only the ducks were lived in Scottish Canadian cannery the selected hunting spot and kept fooled. On many occasions we houses until the police gave up their them from wandering away from his would be startled by some hunter search.6 punt by tying strings with small who, after spending much time Otokichi Murakami, anchors to their feet. He also had a sneaking up on the decoys, would Rokosuke Maeda and Miyakichi few wood decoys that were placed suddenly jump up in his punt in Yesaki hunted waterfowl for sport among his live ducks. After live an attempt to make them fly. Some and carved their own decoys. ducks were prohibited, Rokosuke hunters, not as imbued with as Murakami fished for the Phoenix carved a rig of more than 50 decoys. strong a sporting disposition, Cannery in Steveston and built boats “He made beautifully delicate would take a crack at the during the off-fishing season. He had pintail drakes and mallard drakes defenceless decoys floating on a punt and kept live ducks by their and hens. The slightly oversize, the water and then, after realizing cannery house. After the use of live hollow and extremely lightweight their mistake, would quietly slink decoys became illegal, he carved a lures were fashioned from well- away. It is small wonder that rig of 5-6 decoys. The down from the seasoned red cedar and are some Maeda decoys have become ducks were collected, steamed to de- of the finest produced in the collector’s items and that they louse the feathers and stuffed into country.”2 now claim a fancy price pillows.7 Bill Hutcherson, a friend of whenever they can be found.”9 Rokosuke Maeda the Maeda boys (Deyo and Eiji), The Maeda family was immigrated to British Columbia in the gave the following description of the evacuated to a sugar beet farm in 1900s, where he worked at various work required in making a decoy. Turin, Alberta in the spring of 1942. jobs with the Canadian Pacific “The carving of decoys was an They were allowed to take only 150 4 pounds of luggage per adult and 75 By about 1930, Miyakichi became the pounds per child, so most of their principal wage earner for the family possessions had to be left behind in fishing the Fraser River. He also Ladner. The decoys were taken and fished the Skeena River in 1917 as a probably used for hunting by the boat-puller on a Columbia River boat culprit. These decoys are now sought and again in 1930-1931 with the by collectors and are frequently family’s new boat. displayed in sport shows at the Miyakichi’s hobbies included Pacific National Exhibition.8 hunting and fishing. His favourite In Turin, Rokosuke started commercial fishing ground for chum giving haircuts to friends and salmon in the fall was Ladner neighbours free-of-charge for which Channel, immediately upstream of he was reimbursed with gifts of Canoe Pass. Whenever tides were produce. The proprietor of the town’s unfavourable or catches were poor, coffee shop provided space for he would anchor his gillnetter and Maeda to open a barbershop. hunt in Woodward’s Slough, between However, a license was required to the Ladner and Main Channels. He practice barbering, so he traveled to had a Steven double-barrel shotgun Lethbridge to take an examination. and in about 1940 purchased a One of his proudest moments was Winchester Model 12 pump-action. when he received this license to He carved a rig of decoys and hunted practice his chosen trade.8 Miyakichi Yesaki with Stevens double- from a punt. Wildfowl were prized Rokosuke, Deyo and Eiji barrel shotgun and trophies of the for the meat and feathers. They were resumed hunting in Alberta after the hunt. (Yesaki Family photo, 1937) either roasted in the oven or stewed Royal Canadian Mounted Police him in British Columbia in 1915. with vegetables in a marinate of soy (RCMP) permitted Japanese Miyakichi started fishing the Fraser sauce and sugar (sukiyaki). The Canadians to carry firearms again in River as a boat-puller on his father’s feathers were used to make futon 1943. Maeda had left his shotgun, a motorized gillnetter. Jinshiro and and pillows for every member of the L.C. Smith double barrel, with a Miyakichi transferred to the Great family. The pillows required as much friend in Ladner for safekeeping. The West Cannery after the New feathers as the futon. gun was returned to Rokosuke soon Richmond Cannery burned down in The Yesaki family was after the restriction was lifted. Deyo 1924. Miyakichi married Sunae relocated to a sugar beet farm in and Eiji resorted to the endless miles Tasaki in 1923 and she immigrated Picture Butte, Alberta in the spring of fences in southern Alberta as a to British Columbia in 1927. They had of 1942. Miyakichi took every source of suitable wood for decoys. 9 children, 6 sons and 3 daughters. Continued on page 6 They loped off the tops of fence posts to carve about 20 narrow- Miyakichi Yesaki posing in punt with rig of decoys set along Dyke Road between Hong Wo General Store and the Great West Cannery. (Yesaki Family photo, bodied decoys, which were painted 1937) by Rokosuke.2 These decoys were used in the Crooked Lakes, a chain of small potholes north of Iron Springs. The Maeda family returned to Richmond in 1950, where Deyo and Eiji took up commercial fishing. While on the river, they kept a lookout for cedar logs, which they salvaged and transformed into decoys. Rokosuke painted their rig of 30 decoys of mallard drakes and hens and several pintail drakes.2 Jinshiro Yesaki sponsored wife, Yuki, and son, Miyakichi, to join 5 opportunity during the busy farming fishing in 1995. from crude imitations to accurate season to take the children to Keho Tad inherited his father’s facsimiles of live waterfowl. Hunters Lake and fish for northern pike. He passion for hunting and took every carved decoys as utilitarian objects took up hunting again after the opportunity to pursue this sport. In and each produced artifacts RCMP returned his two shotguns addition, he used the trophies of the commiserate with his skills and sometime before the end of the war. hunt to express his artistic talent, first aesthetic tastes. A few hunters The RCMP officer that returned the through taxidermy and latterly in carved life-like waterfowl, which guns offered to buy the Winchester, carving waterfowl. He studied they painstakingly painted, including a prized shotgun at that time. These taxidermy through correspondence details of the wing feathers. guns were the only items returned to while in Alberta and mounted many Discerning folk art buffs began Miyakichi; all other personal effects animals and birds, especially the many collecting decoys as decorative that he turned over to be held in trust raptors of the Canadian prairies. Tad objects. The Migratory Bird Treaty by the BC Security Commission were also carved 1-2 decoys from wood of 1917 prohibiting the commercial lost. Miyakichi and eldest son, Tad, cut off the tops of fence posts. His trade of wildfowl essentially forced hunted waterfowl on the Crooked pursuit of artistic interests were put market hunters out of business, Lakes and grain fields around Picture on hold after returning to British greatly decreasing the demand for Butte without decoys. Columbia as he sought a profession decoys. This decline in demand In the spring of 1950, and was preoccupied with raising a forced decoy carvers into exploring Miyakichi returned with his family to family. He essentially abandoned other outlets including sport hunters Steveston and resumed commercial taxidermy and mounted very few and folk art collectors.2 The collectors fishing for BC Packers. Miyakichi, specimens. He carved a few decoys paid much higher prices so carvers with Kunji and Tomeyuki Kuramoto, in 1950 and continued adding a few increasing produced decoys that built three punts in his Pacific Coast in subsequent years until he had a rig appealed to the aesthetic values of cannery house that fall in time for the of 30-40 decoys. He carved the last the purchaser rather than lures to second opening. He also carved 12 decoy in about 1980. His decoys attract waterfowl. The first decoy decoys for the 1950 hunting season. were carved from old growth exhibition was convened at Bellport, These were large, hollow decoys western red cedar and were New York in 1923 in response to the decorated with boat paint. All of his generally a little larger than their live growth in the popularity of decorative pre- and post-World War II decoys representatives, hollow and decoys.1 These exhibitions promoted have been lost. Miyakichi quit hunting decorated with boat paint. the spread of wood carving and in about 1952 and retired in 1977 after competition between carvers, 63 years of commercial fishing. Decorative Birds elevating the decorative decoy to an Tad Yesaki worked at The aesthetic quality of duck art form. various jobs in the fishing industry, decoys varied widely and ranged Old waterfowl decoys are after returning to the coast. In 1954, Greenwing teak female donated by Tad Yesaki for the Japanese Fishermen’s he started working as a carpenter in Committee banquet in November 2002. (Tad Yesaki photo, 2002) Yamanaka Boat Works during the off-fishing season. He fished from various skiffs during the summers until 1960, when he built the WILD WEST TOO, a 27-foot V-bottom gillnetter. Tad married Mae Yoshida in 1961 and they have 3 children, 2 daughters and a son. Tad replaced the 27-footer with the second WILD WEST TOO, a 35-foot, V-bottom gillnetter in 1967. He continued fishing during the summer and working at the boat works during the off-season. He left the boat works in about 1987 and sold his gillnetter and essentially quit commercial 6 the Southeast United States, during a carving class given by a well-known carver. He uses tupelo when giving carving classes for the Richmond Carver’s Society, which he has been giving, on and off, for the last ten years. He also uses tupelo for making the heads of birds. Tad started numbering his decorative birds in January 1986 and has completed 182 birds as of May 2004. Tad first entered a mallard drake and a widgeon in a wood carving show in Edmonton in 1988, for which he won 2 firsts and a best of show. He has entered decorative birds in shows held in Pullalup Washington, Toronto Ontario, San Diego California, Parksville BC and Steveston BC. A gadwall entered by Tad in the Brant Festival in Parkville was featured in the Competition 2000 magazine.12 It was awarded best of division in the open decorative flat bottom division. A mallard drake submitted to the San Diego show in May 2004 was awarded 2 firsts and a third in the best of show category. He is a member of the Richmond Carver’s Society and has entered decorative birds in the Society’s annual woodcarving show during the past 15 years. Ducks Unlimited featured an article on Tad Yesaki in 2001.13 Tad has donated a decorative bird to the Richmond chapter of Ducks Unlimited every year since 1987. These carvings are auctioned off at its annual banquet and have raised over $32,000 up to 2001. The Tad Yesaki with mallard duck and awards at the San Diego ring-neck pheasant donated in 2001 raised $4,500 for DU. woodcarving show. (Tad Yesaki photo, 2004) References now much sought after by collectors. Decoys in good 1Kangas, Linda and Gene. Collector’s Guide to Decoys. condition carved by Percy Bicknell currently sell for about Wallace-Homestead, Radnor, Pennsylvania. 1992 $1,500.10 Antique decoys from the eastern United State 2Fleming, Patricia and Thomas Carpenter. Traditions in and Canada, with a much longer history, command con- Wood: A History of Wildlife Decoys in Canada. siderably higher prices. A collector paid a world record Camden House Publishing, Camden East, ON. 1987 US $801,500 in 2003 for a pintail drake carved by Ameri- 3Harold Steves, per. com. can carver Elmer Croswell. A wood duck drake carved 4NIKKEI IMAGES, Vol. 4, No.1, p. 1. 1999 in 1904 by Thomas Chambers of Sarnia, Ontario was 5Larry Maekawa, per. com. expected to fetch $250,000 at an auction in April 2004.11 6Haruo Hirata, per. com. After carving the last decoy, Tad Yesaki 7George Murakami, per. com. continued making decorative birds. These were little 8Nakayama, Gordon G. Issei: Stories of Japanese different from the decoys, except he carved prominent Canadian Pioneers. NC Press Ltd., Toronto, ON. 1984 wing feathers with hand tools and painted the carvings 9Hutcherson, E.W. Looking Back at a Town Called with acrylic tints. He was able to devote more time to Ladner. Trafford Publishing, Victoria, BC. 2002 this hobby after retiring from the off-season work at the 10Tad Hayashi, per. com. boat works. He began studying books on carving 11THE VANCOUVER SUN, 23-04-2004, p. A5 decorative birds, which led him to engraving body feathers 12Hart, Cathy. Brant Festival. Competition 2000, with a Dremel grinder in the early 1980s. To attain ever- Wildfowl Carving Magazine, Lemoyne, PA. 2001 finer details, he changed to a Foredom grinder and 13anonymous. “Fancy stuff” keeps BC carver busy for currently uses a NSK high-speed mini-grinder. Tad DU. Flyway, Pacific Region, Conservator, Vol. 22, No. continues to use red cedar to make decorative birds, but 2, 2001 ❁ was introduced to tupelo, a species of gumwood from

7 The Shimizu Family Story. Part II: Life and Times at Store and Fisgard Sts. by Tsutomu (Stum) Shimizu

Members of the Japanese Canadian community of Victoria gathered in front of the Osawa Hotel for an excursion to an unknown destination. (Toshio Uyede photo, ca. 1932) According to an article families in the area. Three Japanese- adoption). appearing in the VICTORIA operated barbershops existed in the Entrance to the flat was EXPRESS, Tuesday, April 23, 1974, general area, one (Nakasone, a usually by an alleyway on Fisgard St. page 9 - “The centre of the Japanese “bachelor”) on Store St. near A two-stage stairway immediately to community before the turn of the Johnson St., another (Nagai, family the right after exiting the alley, century was the corner of Store and man) on Johnson St. south of connected to the second story Fisgard. Here in 1890 the Osawa Government St. and the third platform deck in front of the Shimizu brothers bought and operated a hotel (Kuwata, family man) on Government kitchen and a balcony, which ran catering to Japanese travelers etc.” St., just south of Herald St. 1625 Store back toward the alley. The stairway I have had some problems tracking St. was the home address of Kiyoshi to the second level was a down this interesting paragraph since and Hana Shimizu and their nine characteristic feature of the information available on the children. (Kachan bore 10 children tenement buildings in Chinatown and INTERNET indicates no files or and 9 survived to adulthood). The 3- allowed access to apartments on the records exist after 1974 for the bedroom flat above the store was second level of the building. There VICTORIA EXPRESS. home to the 9 children, although were 2 apartments off the common However, by the time I was during the early years of my balcony to the east of the Shimizu four to five years of age (1926/27), childhood, the numbers living at home kitchen, one of which was used to the corner of Store and Fisgard was varied as social and economic room and board transient Japanese the western end of Chinatown. The conditions created situations which men, who were on their way to the Shimizus on Store St. and the Kondos occurred naturally (work, marriage) “kujira” (whaling) harbour. The on Fisgard St. were the only Japanese or deliberately (return to Japan, open platform in front of the kitchen 8 provided Kachan with room to and opposite the bedroom rooms and apartments at the rear of indulge in apartment gardening overlooking the courtyard was an the tenement buildings of Fisgard and where she grew nasturtiums and alcove containing the toilet, with a Cormorant Sts. The journey to the chrysanthemums in tubs and sink and a cold-water tap outside. A schools that the Shimizu children containers, even using the nasturtium flush tank over the toilet was attended required a walk up Fisgard flowers and chrysanthemum leaves activated by a chain, which dangled St. past many of the Chinese stores to supplement the family diet. from a lever on one side of the tank. lining both sides of the street. Since The Fisgard alley opened Paper for toilet use was a valuable most stores were small, the onto a courtyard and at the corner of commodity and any useable paper customary practice was to use the the right angle made by the tenement was cut into appropriate four by six sidewalk to display their goods. One building running east on Fisgard St. inch pieces. Since I had sold the particular display, which fascinated and south on Store St., was the rear VICTORIA TIMES since the age of us was dried black beetles which entrance to the Shimizu Rice Mill nine, any unsold papers were used were eaten like peanuts after store. It was partially covered by the for the toilet. Particularly treasured removing the outer protective shell. platform deck at the second level, were the green-coloured tissue paper Fresh produce was also displayed in which overhung the corner. This area, used by the packers of the Japanese baskets. There was one root-like at the rear entrance, was where the mandarin oranges, since these didn’t vegetable, which had the appearance “mochitsuki” took place. A similar require the usual crushing and of a miniature steer with horns which 2-stage stairway inside the store, at rubbing together of a newspaper emitted a terrible odour which we the rear area housing the mill, led to sheet to soften the paper. compared to the droppings of an alley an area called the “chunikai” and The family took daily baths cat. Shops selling herbal and continued to the “family” room of the in half a wine barrel, which Papa had medicinal items were also fascinating flat. The “master” bedroom was obtained from local wine producers. in their window displays, many being directly opposite the top of the stairs Hot water was taken in buckets from dried and flattened animal parts. and was one of the 2-bedrooms, the kitchen sink and poured into the Many of the stores, particularly the which overlooked Store St. The barrel and brought to bathing herbal and medicinal ones used a kitchen was a spacious area with a temperature with the single cold- two-pan balance for measuring wide entrance to the “family” room. water tap. As mentioned previously, amounts of material, but all the stores A similar entrance to the left of the stairways, balconies and walkways appeared to use the beads of the room led to a hallway and the second to provide access to second floor abacus for calculating costs. There bedroom overlooking Store St. Three rooms and apartments were a were several butcher shops selling features dominated the “family” area. common feature at the rear of poultry, beef and pork products. Overhead was a skylight in the centre tenement buildings. From the Shimizu Some displayed live chickens, ducks of the high 10-foot ceiling which balcony, there was an unobstructed and geese. The barbeque shop with illuminated the enclosed area with view to the east of these fixtures at its roasted pig was always a place of daylight. To the left side of the the rear of tenement buildings on interest particularly for the delicious stairwell and midway between the Fisgard and Cormorant Sts. There odour coming out of the open door. wall of the kitchen and the bedroom, were periodic police raids on rooms There was a fish store on the south a pot-bellied stove provided heat in opening onto the open courtyard and side of Fisgard St. with an in-floor the winter. On the wall behind the the Shimizu children would be live tank and it was a constant source stove, 2 large oval photographs of witnesses to the interesting spectacle of interest to us to see the different Grandfather Rinbei and Grandmother of smoking pots and assorted species offered for sale. The south Mitori looked down benevolently from paraphernalia being thrown from the side of Fisgard St. had several alleys, the high-ceiling room. Both balconies into the courtyard. one of which we used as a photographs were encased in ebony Prior to 1908, the use of thoroughfare to get from Fisgard St. wood frames with glass covers. A opium, its manufacture and sale, was to Cormorant St. or vice-versa. small storage room, also having a a thriving industry in Chinatown Several alleys had small shops. skylight in the ceiling, was opposite (from “Chinatowns” by David These alleys included the well-known the hallway entrance. Next to the Chuenyan Lai). Although an illegal Fan Tan Alley. The click and clatter small storage room was a third activity in the 1920s and 1930s, its of mahjong tiles, intermingled with bedroom which overlooked the inner use continued among the single the loud voices of participants. These courtyard. At the end of the hallway Chinese men who occupied the Continued on page 10 9 seeds. A particularly bad habit that the sisters abhorred was the spitting and expectoration of thick and slimy nose and throat sputum onto the pavement or road. The north pavement towards the west end of Fisgard St. and directly opposite the alleyway leading to the Shimizu back entrance fronted an empty lot. This wide pavement was used in the summer to dry the seaweed that had been collected from the rocks and beaches. The spot was ideal for the purpose since it was clear and “uninhabited” and relatively clean. On two occasions we were spectators to Chinese funerals, one of which happened to be a neighbour. Photograph taken from the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway Passenger The ritual was impressive and the Terminal on Store St. From the left: Yon, Stum, Fumi and Osamu. (Tsutomu formality left a lasting impression on Shimizu photo, 1929) me. A band playing a solemn funeral alleys were off limits and we very particular interest to my brother and march led the procession. They were seldom ventured into them. I were the appearance of followed by an open hearse carrying A confectionery store near firecrackers of different kinds and a coffin and a large photograph of the corner of Fisgard and sizes. The ones that always the deceased, surrounded by banks Government Sts. was one which we fascinated us were the six – eight- of flowers. Following the hearse frequented to buy the paper wrapped feet long strings of firecrackers were two lines of mourners wearing preserved plums and olives with their interspersed with cannons along their white robes with faces and heads anise flavoured or salty taste. Other length and topped off with a bundle hidden under cone-shaped hoods. dried fruits were also available as of firecrackers approximately 10 - 12 The mourners could be heard well as salty dried red ginger. These inches in diameter. These were moaning and wailing as they were sold individually and cost strung on bamboo poles, which were followed the hearse down Fisgard St. pennies to buy. Living in Chinatown hung from the street-side balconies to Store St. The book “Chinatowns” made the eating of Chinese food a of the apartments and lit on New by Dr. David Chuenyan Lai contains natural complement to the Japanese Year’s Eve or during the day. The a description of the funeral and burial style cooking of Kachan’s daily fare. fire, smoke, cracks of the smaller process and the eventual exhumation We particularly enjoyed the steamed explosions and the periodic boom of of the bones after 7 years to be food sold next door to the the cannons were an awe-inspiring returned to China for re-burial. confectionery store. The ha-kow and spectacle. The final explosion of the The Chinese United Church, shu mai of this shop were distinctly top bundle was one we waited for presided over by Rev. Lowe, different to Toronto’s dim sum with bated breath. A lion dance would provided my brother Yon and I an restaurants. The steamed dow see be performed up and down Fisgard opportunity to play in the basement bun and the baked bun which were St. with spectators lighting bundles of the Church with the younger of sold at 9 pm were particularly of firecrackers to throw at the feet the 7 sons of Reverend Lowe, favoured since both contained a of the dancers holding the dragon Matthew and Paul. We also used the sweet black paste in the centre. head and trailing body. A favourite pathway beside the Church as a short Chinese New Year was a time for custom of the Chinese men was the cut to North Ward Public School. transformation for the shops lining eating of seeds as they sat in front of Store St. ran north from Fisgard St. Paper banners and the stores. These seeds were of 2 Johnson St. to Pembroke St. and had postcard-sized notes coloured in kinds, a large black seed and a smaller the tracks of the Esquimalt and bright red would appear in windows, red one. Chinatown pavements were Nanaimo (E & N) Railway running doors and upper balconies. Of often littered with the shells of these down the centre. There were spurs 10 going off to the various wholesalers banana shipments and a chance to “The Chinaman’s Wharf”. This was and meat packers, which required “rescue” a banana broken off the located north of the City’s garbage railway service for delivery or export main stalk while being transferred dock. The floating wharf housed of goods. Directly across from the from boxcar to delivery truck at the several shacks, one of which Rice Mill was the P. Burns Meat freight yard. Fisgard St. was paved contained live tanks for a variety of Packers office and adjoining to Store St. but continued as a gravel fish kept by the local Chinese fish warehouse and cold storage buildings. pathway past the Ramsay Machinery merchant. Japanese fishermen also The latter extended almost to the building and an open grassy area. The used the wharf as a marina to moor Inner Harbour waterfront below the gravel pathway led past slaughtering their fishing boats. Some shacks Johnson St. bridge. On the corner of sheds for chickens and cold storage leased or owned by the fishermen Store and Swift Sts. (now Telegraph sheds belonging to P. Burns and Swift were used to stow motors and gear, St.) was Swift Canadian Meat Canadian. The wooden docks and others were used as temporary living Packers office and cold storage docking facilities for the warehouses quarters. Fishing, occupied a large warehouses with rail sidings alongside at the waterfront jutted out over the part of our pre-teen existence. We the building. Papa purchased slabs of waters of the Inner Harbour some fished both sides of the Inner and bacon, 20-inch long cylinders of 25 - 30 feet and required log pilings Outer Harbour. The Shell dock on bologna and cases of canned corned for support. At low and medium tide the northwest shore of the Outer beef for the family from Swift. With it was possible to walk under the Harbour was a favourite for catching the inefficient refrigeration at home, wooden decks of the warehouses. skate, while the Ogden docks and the after a period of time, the bacon The space, which was created by the Breakwater provided rock cod, bass, would develop mould and the bologna receding water and the rocky tommy cod, lingcod and the would undergo colour changes. shoreline, exposed all manner of sea- excitement of spotting the occasional Kachan merely scraped off the life among the boulders and rocks and octopus. mould from the bacon and thoroughly particularly shrimp which were I can’t describe in detail the cooked the bologna. We rarely threw plentiful on the pilings and rocks in activities of the sisters since they out food, particularly during the the water. We spent many leisurely were older than Yon and I, and were depression. Susumu, Yon and I and adventurous hours below the working as domestics. Like other supplemented food for the family deck netting shrimp and pulling tubes females of their age, they were with fish, shrimps and crabs which of pile worms off the logs to use for members of the Canadian Girls In were abundant, but we ate our share fishing bait. We also fished off the Training (C.G.I.T.) and participated of cabbage mixed with the above docks at high tide for smelt and in celebrations such as Queen meats. Corned beef from the herring when they passed on their Victoria’s birthday (May 24), July 1, trapezoid-shaped cans fried with annual migration. We also spent etc. Family photos show that they did cabbage was Papa’s favourite dinner. many hours when not in school, “baby sit” us in our childhood. Swift St. continued to the fishing or playing on a floating wharf, The drawbridge on Johnson wharves at the waterfront where the which was commonly referred to as Continued on page 12 City scows stood ready to receive garbage. The E & N had a station house at the bottom of Cormorant St., where we frequently played on the steel pipes delineating the platform. The rail line ran north on Store St. to the freight yards at Chatham and Discovery Sts. The route of the rail line down the centre of Store St. enabled men, standing on top of the boxcars, to see into the bedroom used by the three sisters much to their disgust and annoyance. However to Yon and me, the passage Prize-winning float from North Ward School in Victoria Day parade, on which two of the Shimizu sisters, Shizue (second from right) and Hide (sixth from right), of a yellow boxcar meant visions of were on board. Ishida Hotel in background. (Tsutomu Shimizu photo, 1928) a rare treat. Yellow boxcars meant 11 St., which spanned the Victoria City at the Esquimalt lagoon, which in the wooden mallets used in the kneading side of the harbour with the Esquimalt 1920s was only accessible by boat. and pounding of the mochigome. side, was an irresistible attraction for The motorised boat docked at the Friends including wives and us. At low tide it was possible to Inner Harbour below the Empress husbands would join in the occasion. clamber amongst the rocks below the Hotel, would be rented for the day to The “star” performer was a stocky, bridge, turning them over and ferry the family to the sandy beach well built, Japanese male whom we watching various sea-life, particularly of the lagoon. The picnic lunch and knew as “Benkei-san”. He was an small crabs scurrying to find other supper included clams of all sizes and employee of the Takata family, hiding places. The Johnson St. bridge descriptions, which were easily dug members of whom were amongst also made it possible for the sisters up at the shoreline. Dungeness crabs those assisting in the occasion. The and brothers to gather blackberries were easily netted from pools among kneading and subsequent pounding of which grew quite profusely in the the rocks where they were isolated the mochigome was done on the floor area which we called the Indian by the outgoing tide. Seafood boiled of the mill in an “usu” (wooden Reserve (Songhees). in seawater was the main fare we mortar). The usu had been made by Summers were particularly waited for after a day of activity on Benkei-san from a 30-36 inch enjoyable during our pre-adolescent the beach. diameter Douglas fir log and stood years. Every week meant a family A winter activity I enjoyed about 30 inches tall and had the centre picnic with friends and occasionally and looked forward to with hollowed out in a circular pattern with the Japanese Canadian anticipation and excitement was approximately eight to ten inches in community at Cordova Bay sharing mochitsuki, which was a yearly depth. It was kept at the bottom of the usual picnic lunches of seaweed activity of the Rice Mill, started in the steps from the flat to the rice mill wrapped onigiri, freshly cooked early December for the New Year’s and was carefully re-conditioned salted salmon, pickled vegetables, festivities. We pounded as many as before the first batch of steamed hard boiled eggs and in season freshly 30 batches of mochigome to make mochigome was placed in the usu. picked corn boiled in sea water. The mochi, from 6 am to 8 pm, at the As well, the wooden mallets which Mizuno/Kakuno farm was located at approximate rate of two batches per had been stored all year under the Cordova Bay and dealt mainly in hour. My participation in the steps were re-conditioned at the mixed farming and it was here that production of mochi started when I head, washed and kept beside the usu we obtained the freshly picked was twelve years old and joined the in an empty shoyu or miso taru filled Golden Bantam corn. Occasionally other members of the family with warm water. Kachan who had Papa would take the family to picnic physically capable of wielding the risen at 3 am to steam the many batches of mochigome in the specially constructed wooden steamers would announce the readiness of the first batch about 4 am. It would be the bottom box of the five or six, which were piled one on top of the other. One of the stronger participants would lift the top boxes so the bottom box could be removed and taken from the kitchen down two flights of stairs to the mill floor where there would be two men standing opposite each other around the usu, with Benkei-san between them, giving them instructions to proceed when the steaming rice was emptied into the usu. Preliminary kneading was downwards towards the centre of the usu to compact the Students in front of the Oriental Home on Cormorant Street. Yon Shimizu is third individual grains of rice with a from the right. (Tsutomu Shimizu photo, 1928) simultaneous twisting of the shaft of 12 the mallets against each other to mash the rice. When the mass became cohesive, Benkei would give the order to start pounding, using a vocal cadence so that the mallets would descend in alternate blows and also giving him time to dip his hands in lukewarm water to grasp and fold the sides into the middle as well as to moisten the surface of the rapidly transforming grains of rice into the glutinous form of mochi. Occasionally he would also pick up the whole mass to turn it upside down. The co-ordination was extraordinary, although as the hours and the day wore on, there was the odd miss-hit, usually with the mallet Cast of Gilbert and Sullivan’s Mikado, in which the three Shimizu sisters missing the centre and hitting the participated. Fumi (second from right in front), Hide (third from right in front), edge of the usu. It would result in and Shizue (second from right in back). Photograph taken at the Gorge Tea Gardens. (Tsutomu Shimizu photo, 1928) some wooden splinters being mixed into the batch, which resulted in a would form on mochi stored in Gorge. The one at the Takata’s area, pause in the pounding while the iceboxes or in bread containers. This one had to “pay” for the clothing splinters were removed and the did not appear to be of much concern change privilege, while on the other mallet temporarily taken out of since mould formation on rice formed side of the Gorge Bridge, the city production to be reconditioned. the basis of certain Japanese foods, maintained a “free” change area). Batches of finished mochi e.g. koji in the production of miso, Our journey to the Gorge was always were taken upstairs to the kitchen so after scraping off the greenish taken with a lunch prepared by and dumped onto the kitchen table, mould, the mochi cakes were Kachan, the mainstay being two, which had been sprinkled with consumed without any ill effects. seaweed-wrapped onigiri, inside of generous amounts of mochiko. The For the Shimizu children which she would insert an umeboshi women, including my sisters, would schooling started at the pre- (pickled plum). form the first batches of the hot kindergarten school located at the The need for family income, glutinous mass into the familiar round Oriental Home on Cormorant St. brought a gradual end to the idyllic cakes, which varied from two to Three sisters and four brothers days of our growing up years and three inches in diameter to the larger attended, in succession, schools at working after school gave way to four- to six-inch cakes. These latter the Oriental Home, Quadra Primary, steady employment. I and several of were used as decorative offerings to North Ward Secondary and Victoria my friends were employed by friends be placed in a revered area of the High [Kunio, the eldest son, received of the family on their farm at Japanese household forming a his early education, to age 16, in Japan Cordova Bay. Produce grown on the pyramidal circular sculpture with the while living with his Uncle Seiji, and farm was all manner of root and usual mandarin orange on top of the Hiroshi, the youngest, was adopted leafy vegetables as well as two or three pieces of mochi. Later by Uncle Seiji at age 2]. strawberries, raspberries and batches were moulded into one large As we grew into our early loganberries. Corn in season was slab approximately one to one and teens our playground turned towards freshly picked on demand, since one quarter inch thick. These when the Gorge Tea Gardens managed by sweetness disappeared rather quickly firm would be cut up into the Takata family. Swimming at the after removal from the stalk. There approximately one inch by three inch so-called “pay” area was the main were several summers at a dairy pieces and stored in water in stone activity interspersed with baseball and farm (Ono’s) where the farming was jars to be sold during the months after paper chases in the forest distinctly different. Wheat, oats and the New Year. Mould did not form surrounding the Tea Gardens. (There corn were the main crops and on mochi stored under water, but were two swimming areas at the Continued on page 14 13 harvesting meant stooking of wheat relatives of the Kuwabaras. the edge of Chinatown, the closeness and oat bundles and threshing after The Shimizu family living on and smell of the salt waters of the a summer of drying in the field. Corn Store St., by 1939/40, had been Inner and Outer Harbours and the was silaged in the late fall which was reduced to father, mother, sister Fumi, fishing it provided, the fruit that we harder work because the bundles of myself, younger brothers Yon and harvested on the Indian Reserve, corn were heavy and had to be pitch- Osamu. Sister Fumi and I had gave me a memory bank on which I forked onto wagons then into the graduated with our Junior could draw during the depressing grinding mill at the silo. I also spent matriculation and both of us had days which followed our move from one summer in the Fraser Valley with found employment close to home. Victoria to internment and exile from the Kuwabara and Hoita boys, who The 18 years spent living at Store and the home where we had grown up. were also from Victoria, picking Fisgard Sts. were memorable ones ❁ strawberries on a farm owned by for me. The experience of living on Visit of the ASAMA and AZUMA to Vancouver, th rd June 19 to 23 , 1914 by Mitsuo Yesaki and Sakuya Nishimura

Fishing boats around the Japanese Naval Training Ships, ASAMA and AZUMA, anchored on Roberts Bank off the Fraser River. (JCNM photo, 1914) Mayor Baxter of Vancouver their community. Almost every with large Union Jacks at the sterns received a message from Vice- building on Powell Street, from Main and Hinomaru on the bows. The Admiral Kuroi that the Japanese Street east for several blocks, was fishermen greeted the sailors by Marine Training Ships, ASAMA and brightly adorned with bunting and singing the Japanese national anthem AZUMA, would arrive in Burrard British and Japanese flags. and shouting “banzai”. The Inlet at approximately noon on June The ships anchored on Japanese Fishermen Benevolent 20, 1914. Mayor Baxter urged the Roberts Bank, south of the lightship, Association presented about 1000 kg citizens of the city to hoist flags and on the afternoon of June 19, 1914 and of spring salmon to the two ships. buntings on as many buildings as remained there overnight. More than A few Caucasians joined the possible as a gesture of courtesy in 150 Japanese fishing boats went out welcoming fleet of fishing boats, honour of the visiting men-of-war. from Steveston to welcome the two including Peter Melby with his The residents of Japantown were anchored ships. All the boats were DUMBARTON CASTLE. Melby especially enthusiastic in decorating decorated with bunting and some was a bank teller at the Northern

14 School. Mrs. Chilton with her of the Dowager Empress of Japan. daughter Eleanor, and Mr. and Mrs. The band on the WINAMAC played Shiro Takeshima, the principal and the Japanese national anthem. teacher of the school, aboard another Spectators along the waterfront fishing boat traveled with the accompanied the band by singing the DUMBARTON CASTLE to the anthem, and ended with a resounding anchored ships. The teachers “Banzai”. The sailors on board stood boarded the boats at the public wharf on the upper deck and at the foot of Second Avenue. Both enthusiastically waved their hands. boats were festooned with bunting on As soon as the ships were lines strung from the short masts. securely anchored, the davits were DUMBARTON CASTLE preparing to leave for Roberts Bank. (Steves Family The two ships weighed swung out to lower pinnaces and photo, 1914) anchor at 5:00 the following morning bosuns’ chairs with swarms of and picked up local pilots at Point barelegged bluejackets to clean the Atkinson before continuing into paint on the hulls and re-gild the Burrard Inlet, preceded by a flotilla scrolls on the bows. Other smart of Japanese fishing boats. The Japanese sailors on deck started Customs and Immigration launch polishing the brassware. WINAMAC left Johnson Wharf to Vice-Admiral Teijiro Kuroi meet the ships with the Japanese was the officer in command of the reception committee aboard to escort two training ships. His staff included the ships into Burrard Inlet. The Commander Komaki, Lieutenant welcoming committee included the Arima and Lieutenant Suzuki. Japanese Consul (Mr. Hori), Captain Hiraga commanded the Boat carrying Japanese Language members of the Canadian Japanese ASAMA and Captain Sato the School teachers out to Roberts Bank. Association (CJA) and a music band. AZUMA. (Steves Family photo, 1914) The two training ships anchored off The Harbour Master, Bank of Canada, who probably fished the Canadian Pacific Railway dock Captain Reed, went out to each ship part-time and used the boat for around 10:30 am. The ASAMA to extend greetings and assign their weekend and summer excursions. anchored to the east and the AZUMA moorings. The WINAMAC returned The boat was unique with square a little to the north of the to the wharf to pick up Mr. Reid stern, fixed stern roller and cabin with KOMAGATA MARU loaded with (Superintendent of Immigration), four, large portholes. Mr. Chilton was East Indian immigrants. The vessels Superintendent Howard, Mr. Bonner the manager of the bank and his wife, in port blew their whistles to (Secretary to the Mayor) and Mr. Mrs. Chilton, who was the English welcome the training ships. No salute Yamazaki (Executive of the CJA). teacher at the Japanese Language was fired because of the recent death They were welcomed aboard the ship by Vice-Admiral Kuroi. Premier R. L. Borden had commissioned Mr. Reid to extend official welcomes from the Dominion and the province, and advise the crews that they were free of all restrictions during their visit. Mr. Bonner then outlined the plans made by the city to entertain the guests, which the Vice-Admiral pronounced were highly satisfactory. At 3:00 pm, the Mayor, members of the Vancouver City Council and Mr. Stevens (MP) made A large packer boat adorned with bunting and flags enroute to welcome the an official visit to the ships. An hour Japanese training ships. Buildings in the background are most probably the later, the officers of the Vancouver Harlock and Albion Canneries. (Steves Family photo, 1914) Continued on page 16 15 garrison also visited the ships. home. The visitors were served tea by Vice-Admiral Kuroi. With the official receptions and refreshments. Shimizu was Vice-Admiral Kuroi, completed, the ships were opened to greatly impressed by Kobayashi, Captain Hiraga, Captain Sato and the public. Pinnaces, rowboats, who was only 24 years old and Commander Komaki paid an official yachts and steamers darted out from already a Second Lieutenant. They visit to Mayor Baxter at city hall the every wharf along the waterfront to returned to Vancouver at 11:00 am morning of June 21st. The Japanese the ships. Especially well represented and with Takano visited the ASAMA presented the mayor and his among the spectators were the in the afternoon. They were again secretary with a pair of handsome Japanese Canadians, not only from treated well and were even given a vases. They were later given a tour Vancouver but also from communities tour of the engine room, which was of Fire Hall No. 2. outside of the city, who were ferried off limits to foreigners. Shimizu and The Japanese Consul, Mr. out in fishing boats. On board the Takano returned to New Westminster Hori, hosted a dinner at the ships, the bands serenaded the that evening. Vancouver Club that evening. Guests crowds with music and the crews During the afternoon of June included officers of the training ships, showered them with every courtesy 21st, parties of sailors from the ships the mayor and aldermen, officers of and facility to inspect the ships. were given shore leave and were the Vancouver garrison and Kosaburo Shimizu was a conducted on sightseeing tours by the prominent citizens of the community. young immigrant working as a local Japanese Canadians. On the The local Japanese Canadian band houseboy for Mr. and Mrs. Albert following day, half the crews of the and the band from the ASAMA Hill of New Westminster while ships were given shore leave in the entertained the guests during the teaching English at the church night morning and the remaining half in the evening with Japanese, British and school. He wanted to visit the afternoon. They were taken to even Scottish tunes. The banquet AZUMA and ASAMA on June 20th, Orange Hall, at the corner of Gore room was lavishly decorated and the but read in a Japanese newspaper Avenue and Hastings Street, and affair was one of the most that the ships were open to the entertained by members of the pretentious that had been given in general public on June 21st and 22nd. Japanese Canadian community. Vancouver for a long time. At the On Saturday June 20th, he worked Lunches for the visitors were centre of the head table was Mr. Hori, until 4:00 pm then took the 4:30 tram provided at the following places: flanked by Vice-Admiral Kuroi on his and arrived in Vancouver at 5:30. He - Nippon Club for officers right and Mayor Baxter on his left. contacted two friends and learned - Uchida Ryokan for petty officers Others at the head table included Mr. another acquaintance knew an - Shogyo Club, Sekine Fruit Store and Justice Gregory and Commander officer on the AZUMA. The four Bukkyo Kai for sailors Komaki. Seating at the other tables friends went out to a restaurant for a - World Ryokan for trainees. was arranged to spread the military Japanese dinner and parted at 11:00 Vancouver City Council officers, a Japanese officer paired pm. He spent the sleepless night in a entertained 75 officers of the ships with a local garrison officer, amongst strange bed at the Shimizu-shoten. on the afternoon of June 20th. The the civilian guests. Shimizu and Himuro arrived at the Council went to Pier A to meet the Mr. Hori proposed the toast wharf the morning of June 21st in a officers and 6 board members of the to King George, countered by Mr. heavy downpour, where sailors in CJA. The party toured Stanley Park, Justice Gregory with a toast to the black raincoats were already Shaughnessy Heights and Point Grey, Emperor. Mr. Stevens (MP) embarking on sightseeing tours of the and on their return were invited to proposed the toast to the Vice- city. Ohyama met the friends shortly. an informal banquet presided over by Admiral and his officers, as well as Two small boats were waiting at the Mayor Baxter at the Commercial an official welcome from the wharf to ferry elementary school Club. Alderman Hepburn proposed Premier. Vice-Admiral Kuroi children out to the ships. The three toasts to King George, the Emperor responded with a toast to British friends hitched a ride with the and the Japanese officers, which Columbia and Vancouver, which was children on one of the boats to the were responded to by Vice-Admiral replied to first by Mr. Watson (MPP) AZUMA. On board the ship, a sailor Kuroi. Mr. Kaburagi followed with a for British Columbia and second by took the three friends to the room of toast to Vancouver that was Mayor Baxter for Vancouver. Mr. Second Lieutenant Kobayashi. After acknowledged by Mayor Baxter. Peters proposed the toast to the host initial greetings were over, Ohyama Alderman White toasted the of the evening. Mr. Bell-Irving and Kobayashi exchanged news from Japanese Navy that was countered proposed a toast to wives and 16 sweethearts of the Japanese officers, were most cordial. The Dominion various receptions for the visiting which was answered by Captain Sato Government had responded quickly sailors. Innumerable toasts were with wishes of health and prosperity to the Vancouver race riots in 1907. raised at these parties by local to Canada and Vancouver. Colonel W.L. Mackenzie King, Deputy officials and acknowledged by Worsnop made the reply. Minister of Labour, had been sent to Japanese dignitaries. H.H. Stevens, Mr. Yamazaki, an executive Vancouver, and settled damages to MP for Vancouver, was a member of the CJA, invited Vice-Admiral Japanese businesses on Powell of the welcoming committee and a Kuroi and Commanders Sato and Street, and Rodolphe Lemieux, speaker at a reception. In a few Hiraga for lunch at the Imaiya on June Minister of Labour, had gone to Tokyo years, Stevens would become one of 22nd. Local dignitaries in attendance to negotiate stricter controls on the BC Members of Parliament who included Messrs. Kaburagi, Nagao, Japanese emigrants. The would be agitating for the elimination Sato and Arai (from Seattle). The “Gentleman’s Agreement” markedly of the Japanese from the fishing CJA also donated vegetables and fruit reduced the numbers of Japanese industry. Language used in the four to the training ships. immigrants, and eased Canadian English newspapers about the visit of The Japanese fishermen of workers concerns of losing their jobs the training ships was all positive and Steveston invited about 50 officers to new immigrants. In 1906, Canada complimentary. “Jap” was not used to review the fishing industry, tour had ratified the Treaty of Commerce once. Conversely, newspaper their town and be feted at a dinner and Navigation between Great articles about the Japanese written party. In the afternoon of June 22nd, Britain and Japan. The training ships in the 1920s and 1930s in the 62 officers took the train from arrived when Europe was on full alert Vancouver newspapers were Granville to Steveston, where Mr. for war. Japan was emerging as a generally replete with “Jap” and Sasaki (President of the Japanese major naval power and, as an ally of were often very negative and Fishermen Benevolent Society) and Great Britain, was expected to assist derogatory. the resident Japanese Canadians in containing Germany in Asia and the welcomed them. The officers visited Pacific Ocean. The above information was the Japanese Language School where One month and a half after obtained from the following the boys’ choir greeted them with the visit of the training ships, Great newspapers and individuals: songs. Vice-Admiral Kuroi and Britain declared war on August 4, -THE DAILY NEWS-ADVERTI- Commander Sato made speeches to 1914, following the German invasion SER, June 20, 21 and 22, 1914 encourage the children and invited the of Belgium. The heavy Japanese -TAIRIKU NIPPO (CONTINEN- children to come and see the ships. cruiser IDZUMO was on patrol in TAL DAILY NEWS), June 20 and The officers were then given a tour the North Pacific when hostilities 22, 1914 of the B.C. Packers’ ice-making broke out. Japan declared war on -THE VANCOUVER DAILY plant, and at 6 pm were taken out to Germany two weeks later on August PROVINCE, June 20, 1914 observe about 200 boats fishing for 23, 1914 and seized Tsingtao and -THE VANCOUVER SUN, June 22 spring salmon. The officers were on other German colonies in the Far and 23, 1914 the river for about one hour and then East. Japan also dispatched the -THE VANCOUVER SUN, July 31, were taken back ashore and given a cruiser KONGO to assist the 2004 tour of the Imperial Cannery. They IDZUMO in patrolling the Northeast -THE VANCOUVER WORLD, went back to the school, had a buffet- Pacific. June 20 and 22, 1914 style supper, and went back to The amicable relations -Kosaburo Shimizu’s Diary. Entries Vancouver by the 8:25 pm tram. between the Japanese and the larger for June 19-22, 1914 provided by The two training ships left Canadian communities were evident Grace Arai. for Victoria at 10:00 am on June 23rd. from the English newspapers’ -Information and photographs about The visit of the Japanese accounts of events and the language the excursion of the fishing boats to training ships to Vancouver occurred used in these articles. High officials Roberts Bank was provided by when relations between the Japanese from the three levels of government Harold Steves. ❁ and the larger Canadian communities attended the many events and the Shashin: Japanese Canadian Studio Photography to 1942 by Grace Eiko Thomson An exhibition of 80 Royal British Columbia Museum, in be announced), and installed there for photographs is planned to open at the Victoria, in late November (date to Continued on page 18 17 a period of three months. It is then Tokitaro Matsubuchi, and closed in Who were these expected to travel to host museum the early ‘30s likely due to the Great photographers? Were they artists, and cultural centres across Canada, Depression. It is known that Mr. satisfying their creative urges, or beginning in the spring of 2005. A Hayashi apprenticed with Mr. Shuzo tradespersons dictated by economic publication for distribution will also Fujiwara of the Fujiwara Photo necessity and client requirements? accompany the exhibition. Studio, already existing in Vancouver And who are the subjects of the The exhibition aims to before that date. In Vancouver, there photographs? What are their motives recognize the first photographers of were several studios operating until in having their pictures taken? What Japanese ancestry who operated 1942, serving the Japanese Canadian were their conditions? What is the studios from the turn of the century communities, including the studios of function of thee photographs? And to 1942. The earliest extant Shokichi Akatsuka, Yataro Arikado, how do we, in the 21st century view photograph dates to the 1890s, taken Columbia (M.Toyama) Studio, Main them? by the artist, Mr. Paul Louis (Gujji Naskamachi) Studio, Empress Materials produced out of (Tsunenojo) Okamura, who operated (J. Shingo Murakami) Studio, F.S. research for this exhibition and a photography studio in New Fujiwara Photo Studio, and Jo Seko. publication will remain in the archives Westminster until his death in 1937. While the photographers were of of the Japanese Canadian National The Senjiro Hayashi studio in Japanese ancestry, the photographed Museum so that continued study by Cumberland, opened in about 1913, subjects are multicultural, of ethnic students and scholars may be succeeeded by Mr. Kitamura (details and class backgrounds, relating to the encouraged. ❁ of his life are not known) and by Mr. communities the studios served. Japanese Canadian National Museum Report, Fall 2004 by Tim Savage The Museum has had an their support and advice, and to major travelling exhibitions, curated active summer, with many visitors to museum assistant Nagisa Shimizu for by Grace Eiko Thomson, “Leveling the gallery and research centre and coordinating the tours. the Playing Field: Legacy of the Asahi new donations of archives and The JCNM also contributed Baseball Team,” which is scheduled artifacts. JCNM participated in a display, “Jiro’s Craft: the tools of a to open at JCNM in spring 2005, and several special events, including the carpenter” on Jiro Kamiya, for the “Shashin: Japanese Canadian Studio Powell Street Festival on July 31st and Burnaby Village Museum’s Photography to 1942,” which will August 1st, where the museum Multicultural Festival that same open at the Royal British Columbia presented a booth in the Buddhist weekend. Jiro Kamiya was present Museum in Victoria in late fall 2004. Church. Thanks for making the booth on August 2nd to talk about the o-furo, For the 2004 Nikkei Week a success to our volunteers, Patrick the traditional bathhouse he built event at the National Nikkei Heritage Anderson, Grace Hama, Joyce & there for the 1977 Japanese Canadian Centre, JCNM will present the first Roger Kamikura, Marie Katsuno, Centennial. In Steveston on August of the fall season’s Speakers Series Seishi Matsuno, Elmer, Sofi, and 21st and 22nd for the first annual on Tuesday, September 21st at 7 PM. Kenji Morishita, Shoji Nishihata, Saki Maritime Festival hosted by Britannia “After the Turmoil,” a panel chaired Nishimura, Nichola Ogiwara, Ray Heritage Shipyard, the JCNM by Dr. Midge Ayukawa examines the Ota, Douglas Shimizu, and Mickey contributed the exhibition “Unearthed post-war experience of the Nikkei Tanaka. Thanks to our summer From the Silence.” communities in Canada. Panelists student Carlo Acuna for coordinating. At the Museum gallery in the include Tatsuo Kage, Dr. Patricia JCNM again presented the popular National Nikkei Heritage Centre, the Roy, and Dr. Yuko Shibata. walking tours of the Powell Street exhibition “Reshaping Memory, Thanks to all our Acquisitions neighbourhood in English and Owning History: Through the Lens Committee members for their Japanese for the festival. Thanks for of Japanese Canadian Redress” has generous efforts to review and their much appreciated tours to returned after its successful cross- encourage new donations of artifacts guides, Patrick Anderson, Ed Canada tour in 2002-2004. A and archives to the museum. A Arinobu, Sofi and Elmer Morishita, reception to welcome back the special thanks to Shirley Omatsu, and Douglas Shimizu. Thanks to Judy exhibition will be held Thursday, whose name was inadvertently not Inoyue for leading the tour September 9th at 7 PM. listed with the other members in our orientation, to Daien Ide, Elmer Work continues on two last newsletter. ❁ Morishita, and Susan Sirovyak for

18 Board of Directors, NNMHC, 2004-2005 The Annual General Meeting JCNM), Mitsuo Hayashi (Past Pres.- George Oikawa, Dennis Shikaze, Henry included elections for the Board of NNHCS), Gordon Kadota, Frank Kamiya Shimizu, Fred Yada (Pres.), Sam Directors for the coming year. The (Vice-Pres.), Albert Kokuryo (Treasurer), Yamamoto. members of the Board are Robert Banno, David Masuhara, Art Miki, Elmer *Note – Ms. Ohama was appointed to Donald Bell, Robert Bessler, Ruth Coles Morishita, Craig Ngai Natsuhara fill a vacant seat after the election on (Vice-Pres.), Stan Fukawa (Past Pres. - (Secretary), Robert Nimi, Linda Ohama*, May 30th, 2004. ❁ Nikkei Week 2004 Schedule Announced Sept. 12 – 1-6 pm – Exhibition and craft Centre. Yuko Shibata on the relations among the demonstration of Yamanaka Sept. 17 - Katari Taiko’s 25th Anniversary different generations of Nikkei women, Lacquerware. 20 craftspeople will bring Reunion Concert has invited its alumni and Tatsuo Kage on the decisions made over 200 pieces of Yamanaka lacquerware to come back to celebrate a by exiled Canadian Nikkei on whether to and give demonstrations of traditional quarter century of drumming. The oldest return to Canada or to remain in Japan. lathing and lacquering techniques which taiko group in Canada has helped spawn Dr. Midge Ayukawa, well-known as the go back over 4 centuries. a number of other taiko groups across foremost authority on Japanese Sept. 15 - Symposium on the Gap the country. Tickets will be available at Canadian history, will chair the panel. between Post-War Japanese Immigrants the front desk of the Nikkei Centre and Large Activity Room, 7 pm. Nikkei and Nisei/Sansei, presented by from Katari Taiko for the 8 pm concert at Centre. the Greater Vancouver Japanese the Events Hall, Nikkei Centre. Sept. 22 – Nikkei Heritage Day – Forums Immigrants Association (Ijusha no Kai). Sept. 18 - A tribute to Nikkei Farm on Current Topics TBA. Continuing from last year’s Communities, Berry Pickers and other Sept. 23 – 7 pm – Two films: “Children of presentations, the goal is to seek ways Harvest Workers will be the theme for the Camps” – on the internment to reduce the gap. Tatsuo Kage this year’s Celebration Dinner. An exhibit experience of 6 Japanese American is the organizer/moderator. Large will be mounted from the photos and children, and “Living Histories: out of Activity Room, 7 pm, Nikkei Centre. stories submitted in advance of the sight, out of mind” on the internment. Sept. 16 – Aiko Saita Record Concerts dinner. Send in your pictures and Camp experience of 4 Japanese at 2 pm (in Japanese) and 7 pm, presented anecdotes to Mas Fukawa, 2962 Canadians. GVJCCA Human Rights by Mr. K. Kishibe from Toronto. Coventry Place, Burnaby, BC V5A 3P8. Committee. The concerts marking 50 years since this (They will be scanned and returned.) Oct. 1 – 2 Inspired by Expo ’86, Nikkei Canadian Nisei’s untimely death at age Reunions for pickers and farm Place is hosting a fun-filled cultural 45, will include Japanese songs, English communities are encouraged. Lively immersion into Japan. Participants can and Russian folk songs, pop songs of entertainment, including a Return by the try a hand at various cultural stations – the period and classical songs. Trained King. Dinner Tickets are $50 (Cash or sumie, kami ningyo, karate, kimono, at the Royal Conservatory in Toronto cheque), available from the front desk at kitsuke, shigin, shodo and much more. and in Italy, she had a program on CJOR Nikkei Centre and Nikkei Week Purchase a passport book in advance and and went on to Japan where she became Committee. Cocktails 5:30, Dinner 6:30. get a meal voucher and collect stamps. a well known operatic voice. Harry Aoki, Sept. 21 – JC National Museum Speaker Check the Nikkei Place website at whose mother first taught Miss Saita Series presents a Nikkei history panel, www.nikkeiplace.org for more how to read music in Cumberland, B.C., “After the Turmoil” featuring Dr. Patricia information. Passports are $15 for will introduce Mr. Kishibe. Admission by Roy on the re-opening of Japanese adults, $10 for age From 5 pm on Oct. 1 donation. Large Activity Room, Nikkei immigration to Canada after 1945, Dr. and from 11 am on Oct. 2). ❁

Things Japanese Sale by Frank Kamiya On May 15 over 500 people luncheon plate of teriyaki chicken, proceeds will go towards the visited the NNMHC Auxiliary’s first chirashi sushi and their ever popular construction of a commercial type Things Japanese Sale looking for manju. We had 7 community vendors community kitchen which we hope to treasures that were donated by over 75 who rented tables and they sold bonsai start very shortly. With the community members. Unique items such plants and various Japanese items. Four overwhelming success of this event we as kimonos, yukatas, lacquer ware, commercial vendors also rented space hope to make next year’s event even Japanese dolls and various other to sell or promote their products. We better, so please collect “Things Japanese items were quickly sold to the thank the many community donors, Japanese” and consider donating them anxious bargain hunters. The over 75 volunteers and the many visitors for to the NNMHC Auxiliary who fundraise volunteers helped with the sale and the supporting this fundraising event. The for various NNMHC projects. ❁ auxiliary also served a delicious 19 The list of new and renewing members in the summer issue was a repeat of the list given in the spring issue. This list includes new and renewing members of the National Nikkei Museum and Heritage Centre that subscribed from February 6, 2004 to July 27, 2004. Mr. & Mrs. Robert & Kazue K. Abe Mr. Tak Iwata Mr. Kenji Okuda Mr. & Mrs. Yoshimaru Abe Mr. & Mrs. Richard & June Kadonaga Mrs. Yoshie Omura Ms. C Donna Adams Ms. Diane Kadota Mr. & Mrs. Ray & Michiko Ota Mr. Hideo Akune Mr. Tatsuo Kage Mr. & Mrs. Akira & Mikiko Oye Mrs. Shizuka Akune Ms. Lily Y. Kamachi Mrs. Toshiko Quan Mrs. Sharon Andrews Mrs. Sumiko Kamachi Mrs. Aileen Randall Mr. & Mrs. Tats Aoki Mr. & Mrs. Shizuo Kamezawa Mrs. Linda Reid Mr. & Mrs. Mitsuyoshi & Keiko Araki Mr. & Mrs. Roger & Joyce Kamikura Mr. & Mrs. Yoshiyuki & Masako Sakaue Mr. & Mrs. Yoshiharu & Fumiko Aura Mr. & Mrs. Walter & Jean Kamimura Mrs. Akemi Sakiyama Dr. Michiko Ayukawa Mr. & Mrs. Alfie & Rosie Kamitakahara Miss Joyce Sakon Mr. Frank A. Baba Mr. & Mrs. Yosh & Gail Kariatsumari Mr. & Mrs. Arnold & Satomi Saper Mr. Kohei Baba Mr. Masaaki Kawabata Mrs. Virginia Sato Mr. Robert Banno & Ms. Cathy Makihara Mr. & Mrs. George & June Kawaguchi Mrs.& Ms. Mary A. &Marilyn S. Seki Mrs. Martha Banno Mr. Masanobu Kawahira Mrs. Eva T. Shiho Mr. & Mrs. Don & Satoko Bell Miss Amy E. Kawamoto Mrs. Utaye Shimasaki Calgary Kotobuki Society Mr. & Mrs. Makoto & Mary Kawamoto Mr. & Mrs. George & Emiko Shimizu Mr. & Mrs. Katsuji & Kuniko Chiba Mr. & Mrs. Keiji & Barbara Kawase Ms. Katherine Shimizu Mrs. Sumika Child Mr. & Mrs. Kazuo & Mitsuko Kawashima Mrs. Mio Shimizu Mr. & Mrs. Michael & Ruth Coles Mr. & Mrs. Richard & Keiko Kazuta Mr. & Mrs. Tommy T. Shimizu Mr. Christian Cowley & Elaine Yamamoto Mr. & Mrs. John & Jean Kitagawa Mr. Yoshio Shimizu Mr. & Mrs. Shoichi & Ayako Deguchi Mr. Gordon Kobayashi Ms. Gail Shimoda LA Dinsmore Mr. & Mrs. Masaoki & Reiko Kodama Mr. Sam Shinde Mrs. Anne Dore Mr. & Mrs. Jim Kojima Mrs. Yoshiko Shirako Mr. & Mrs. John & Karol Dubitz Dr. May Komiyama Mr. & Mrs. Wataru & Barbara Shishido Mr. Shigeyoshi Ebata Mrs. Kay Komori Mr. & Mrs. Darin & Susan M. Sirovyak Mr. Dennis Y. Enomoto Ms. Amy Emiko Koyanagi Mr. Mike Sokugawa & Ms. Fumi Horii Dr. & Mrs. Bruce & Vivian Ettinger Mr. & Mrs. Teruo & Kazuko Koyanagi Mr. & Mrs. Roy Sokugawa Mr. & Mrs. Ken Ezaki Mrs. Yoshiko Koyanagi Mrs. B. Masako Stillwell Mr. & Mrs. Malcolm & Keiko Fitz-Earle Mrs. Kazue Kozaka Mr. & Mrs. Kanji & Yuriko K. Suga Mrs. Esther S. Freeman Ms. Yoko Kusano Dr. & Mrs. George & Kuni Sugiyama Mr. & Mrs. Robert & Doreen Friesen Mr. & Mrs. Tom & Hydri Kusumoto Mr. & Mrs. James Sugiyama Sister Catherine Fujisawa Mr. & Mrs. Seiya & Moko Kuwabara Mr. Ed Suguro Mrs. Kyomi Fujisawa Mr. & Mrs. Tom & Ceo Kuwahara Suki’s Beauty Bazaar Ltd. Ms. Margaret Fujisawa Mr. & Mrs. Bernie & Ruby Lofstrand Ms. Ann-Lee Switzer Mrs. Kay Fujishima Mr. & Mrs. Edward & Margaret Lyons Mrs. Kay Tagami Mrs. Fumiko Fujiwara Mr. & Mrs. Mamoru & Peggy Madokoro Mr. & Mrs. Tom & Avalon Tagami Mr. & Mrs. Stanley & Masako Fukawa Mr. David Martin & Ms. Mizue Mori Mr. & Mrs. David & Kei Takahashi Mr. & Mrs. Frank Fukui Mr. David Masuhara & Ms. Beverly West Mr. Koji Takahashi Mr. & Mrs. James & Molly Fukui Sharon Masui & Gwilym Smith Mrs. Atsuko Takashima Mr. & Mrs. Makoto Fukui Ms. Josie Matsuba Mr. & Mrs. Mikio & Aiko Takeda Dr. & Mrs. Edwin & Lyndsay Fukushima Mr. & Mrs. Yuki & Mary Matsuba Mr. Tatsuya Takeda Ms. Andrea Geiger-Adams Mr. & Mrs. Tsutomu & Nobuko Matsumoto Mrs. Tamie Takeshita Mr. & Mrs. Arthur Gorai Mr. & Mrs. Yoshiaki & Miyoko Matsumoto Mr. & Mrs. Ryuta & Kanoko Takizawa Ms. Hiromi Goto Ms. Janice Matsumura Ms. Harumi Tamoto Ms. Tomoko Goto Mr. & Mrs. Hisao & Mariko Matsuoka Mr. & Mrs. Akira & Isabel Tanaka Ms. Kiyoko Hamada Mr. & Mrs. Mitsuyoshi & Lily Matsushita Mr. Kazuo B. Tanaka Mr. & Mrs. Roy & Kikuyo Hamade Mr. & Mrs. Don & Connie Mayede Mr. & Mrs. Kinzie & Terry Tanaka Mr. & Mrs. Shoji Hamagami Mrs. Kay McBride Mr. & Mrs. Masaru Tanaka Mr. & Mrs. Roy & Audrey Hamaguchi Mr. & Mrs. Arthur & Keiko Miki Mr. & Mrs. Minoru & Miyoshi Tanaka Mr. & Mrs. Arthur S. Hara, O.C. Mr. Roy Miki Mr. & Mrs. Mitsuru & Yuki Tanaka Mr. Thomas H. Hara Mr. & Mrs. David & Kiyomi Minamata Mr. & Mrs. Shoji & Fusako Tanami Mr. & Mrs. Kazuji & Chieko Haraguchi Mr. & Mrs. Kaoru & Aki Minato Mr. & Mrs. Ryoji & Fusako Tanizawa Mrs. M. Grace Harling Mrs. Ritz Misumi Mr. Chuck H. Tasaka Ms. Jennifer Hashimoto Mrs. Frances Miyoko Miyashita Mr. Mike Teraguchi Mr. Yoshiharu Hashimoto Mr. & Mrs. Tak & Shizuko Miyazaki Mr. & Mrs. Shigeharu & Florence Teranishi Mr. William T. Hashizume Mr. & Mrs. Don & Rose Mohoruk Mr. & Mrs. Willy & Evelyn Tobler Mr. & Mrs. Mas Hatanaka Mr. & Mrs. Kazuhiko & Toshiko Mori Mr. & Mrs. George & Hiroko Tsuchiya Mr. Rodney Y. Hatanaka Mr. & Mrs. Masanao & Shoko Morimura Mr. & Mrs. Tomoaki & Yoshiko Tsuchiya Mrs. Minnie Hattori Lillian S. Morishita Ms. Miwako Tsuda Mr. & Mrs. Motoharu & Sayo Hattori Mr. & Mrs. Steve & Shirley Morishita Mrs. Irene Tsuyuki Mr. & Mrs. Mickey & Betty Hayashi Mr. & Mrs. Les & Phyllis Murata Mr. & Mrs. Mark & June Tsuyuki Mr. & Mrs. Mitsuo & Emmie Hayashi Mr. & Mrs. Masuo & Shigeko Nagasaka Mr. & Mrs. Takuo & Motoko Uegaki Mrs. Amy Hayashida Mr. & Mrs. Toshio & Kazuko Nagumo Mr. & Mrs. Ken & Kaori Ujimoto Mrs. Susan Hidaka Ms. Fumie Nakagawa Mr. & Mrs. Hirooki & Mieko Ushijima Mr. & Mrs. Showney & Jean Higashi Mr. & Mrs. Toshio & Tsuyako Nakagawa Ms. Leslie G. Uyeda Ms. Misao Higuchi Mr. & Mrs. Kaz & Mary Nakamoto Mrs. Aki Uyede Mrs. Fukiko Hinatsu Mr. & Mrs. Ted & Yukiko Nakashima Mr. & Mrs. Mutsumi Uyede Mr. & Mrs. Shigeru & Akemi Hirai Ms. Seiko Nakazawa Ms. Kuniko Uyeno Mr. & Mrs. Toshio Hirai Ms. Linda H. Nasu Vancouver Japanese Gardeners Association Mr. & Mrs. Masami & Chiyoko Hirano Mr. & Mrs. Craig & Sharon Ngai-Natsuhara Vancouver Shomonkai Aikido Association Mr. & Mrs. Hap & Diane Hirata Mr. & Mrs. Peter & Aster Nimi Mr. & Mrs. Henry & Yvonne Wakabayashi Mr. Jack Hirose Mr. Ron Nishi Mrs. Yoshiko Wakabayashi Mr. & Mrs. Thomas T. Hirose Ms. Gabrielle Nishiguchi Mr. & Mrs. Lawrence & Pearl Williams Mr. & Mrs. Ted & Nancy Hirota Mr. Ron Nishimura Mr. & Mrs. Richard & Fumiko Woloshyn Mr. & Mrs. Isamu & Masako Hori Ms. Sakuya Nishimura Mr. & Mrs. Fred & Linda Yada Mr. & Mrs. Mikio & Midori Hori Mrs. Shigeko Nishimura Mr. Shiro Yamaguchi Mr. & Mrs. Mitsuru & Jean Hori Dr. & Mrs. Nori Nishio Mr. Harold Yamamoto Mr. Yoshio Hyodo Ms. Alisa Noda Mrs. Hisako Yamamoto Mr. & Mrs. Naotaka & Noriko Ide Mr. Robert Nomura Ms. June Yamamoto Prof Masako Iino Ms. Michiko M. Obara Mr. & Mrs. Sam & June Yamamoto Ms. Sanaye Ikari Mrs. Ginko Ochiai Mr. & Mrs. Tats & Mariko Yamamoto Mr. & Mrs. Haruo & Lily Ikeda Mr. & Mrs. Yukihide & Kazuko Ogasawara Mr. Robert K. Yamaoka Reverend Katsumi Imayoshi Mr. & Mrs. Yoshio & Kazuko Ogura Mr. & Mrs. Shoji Yamauchi Dr. & Mrs. Tatsuo Imori Mrs. Mary Ohara Mr. & Mrs. Yasuo & Mieko Yamauchi Mr. & Mrs. Masayasu & Masako Inoue Ms. Naoko Ohkohchi Mr. & Mrs. Bill & Keiko Yamaura Mrs. Chiyoko Inouye Mr. & Mrs. George & Gene Oikawa Mr. Tom Y. Yamaura Mr. & Mrs. Roy & Betty Inouye Mrs. Joyce Oikawa Mr. & Mrs. Mas & Kaori Yano Mr. & Mrs. Yoshitomi & Kimiyo Inouye Dr. Mona G. Oikawa Mr. Mitsuo Yesaki Mrs. May H. Ishikawa Mr. Larry M. Okada Mr. Carl Yokota Mr. & Mrs. Klark Ito Ms. Ruby Okano Mrs. Marcia Masako Yoshida Ms. Sumi Iwamoto Mr. & Mrs. Hiroshi & Sachiko Okazaki Mr. & Mrs. Kenji & Joan Yurugi 20