T h e Japanese in Hawaii by MITSUGU MATSUDA AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF JAPANESE AMERICANS Revised by Dennis M. Og a w a with Jerry Y Fujioka So cial Sciences and Linguistics Institute University of Hawaii H a w a ii Series No.5 THE JAPANESE IN HAWAII BY MITSUGU MATSUDA An Annotated Bibliography of Japanese Americans HAWAII SERIES No. 5 Other publications in the HAWAII SERIES No. 1 The Japanese in Hawaii: 1868-1967 A Bibliography of the First Hundred Years by Mitsugu Matsuda (out of print) No. 2 The Koreans in Hawaii An Annotated Bibliography by Arthur L. Gardner No. 3 Culture and Behavior in Hawaii An Annotated Bibliography by Judith Rubano No. 4 The Chinese in Hawaii An Annotated Bibliography by Nancy Foon Young T H E JAPANESE IN HAWAII BY MITSUGU MATSUDA An Annotated Bibliography of Japanese Americans revised by D E N N I S M. O G A W A with JERRY Y. FUJIOKA supported by the J APANESE AM E R I C A N RESEARCH CENTER (JARC) Social Sciences and Linguistics Institute. University of Hawaii. Honolulu Cover design by Bruce T. Erickson Calligraphy for design by Masako Sakihara Distributed by: The University Press of Hawaii 535 Ward Avenue Honolulu, Hawaii 96814 International Standard Book Number: 0-8248-0290-X Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 74-33068 Social Sciences and Linguistics Institute University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Copyright 1975 by the Social Sciences and Linguistics Institute All rights reserved. Published 1975 Printed in the United States of America TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD vii PREFACE ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xiii ABBREVIATIONS xiv ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 ADDENDUM 171 APPENDIX I Newspaper and Periodicals Listing 175 APPENDIX II Japanese Materials 183 INDEX 295 v PUBLISHER'S FOREWORD Dennis Ogawa’s revision of Mitsugu Matsuda’s bibliography on the Japanese in Hawaii resulted from the growing need for an updated concise listing of the materials in English which relate to one of Hawaii’s larger ethnic groups. It is significant, I think, that this need has been made known primarily by the students themselves who are more and more looking into the cultural heritage that makes Hawaii the unique multi-ethnic island community that is located both physically and psychologically somewhere between the East and West. This work is especially significant to me because it is the first publication produced under the auspices of the Social Sciences and Linguistics Institute, which resulted from the merger of the Social Science Research Institute and the Pacific and Asian Linguistics Institute. The new SSLI will continue to encourage research in the social sciences in Hawaii and the Pacific area, and the dissemination of the information resulting therefrom. It is my belief that research is not an end in itself, but rather should provide the informational foundations upon which decisions can be made and actions carried out. This bibliography provides such information for both students as well as the decision makers who, hopefully, will never forget how to be students. Donald M. Topping, Director Social Sciences and Linguistics Institute vii PREFACE The Japanese-American experience in Hawaii spans over one hundred years and encompasses four generations— the issei (first generation), nisei (second), sansei (third), and yonsei (fourth). Compared to the small contingent of less than 150 immigrants who arrived in Honolulu in 1868, Japanese Americans today constitute a substantial portion of the Island population, numbering over 217, 000. Like all of Hawaii's ethnic groups, the experience of the Japanese Americans lends itself to a variety of historical and cultural studies. Researchers from within and without the ethnic group have explored this experience creatively and from a wide range of viewpoints. As a con­ sequence, interpretations regarding the day-to-day affairs, community activities, generational characteristics, and cultural philosophy of the people as a whole have been extremely varied. Due to this diversity, the existing studies on Hawaii's Japanese Americans present a rich background of information that stimulates comparative ethnic perspectives and leads to a greater understanding of the processes of human behavior in the Islands. This revision of Mitsugu Matsuda's Japanese in Hawaii, 1868-1967: An Annotated Bibliography of the First Hundred Years calls attention to writings which are available to students and individuals interested in Americans of Japanese ancestry. The materials range from scholarly pieces based upon traditional academic sources for documentation to literature found in newspapers, novels, and general periodicals which have historic, biographic or general descriptive value. The primary purpose of this bibliography is to provide a reference guide for the undergraduate, English-speaking student who is attempting to understand the Japanese-American experience in Hawaii. Consequently, two criteria were established for the listing of materials in this work. First of all, it was felt that a usable guide include only those materials which were in English. However, Japanese language entries from Matsuda's original work were reprinted in the Appendix for researchers who may find such information valuable. Second, writings were selected based on their general availability. Obscure manuscripts, private papers, or articles appearing in journals not available to students were omitted. This bibli­ ography does not pretend to be exhaustive of the wealth of materials written by, for, or about Japanese Americans, but does provide a complete reference of published studies which can be readily obtained. ix While this work is largely an update and reorganization of Matsuda's annotated bibliography, certain additions and changes have been made so as to fulfill the objective of providing a useful reference guide for students. The first change was to bring Matsuda's work on English publications up-to- date. To add to student usability, a much-needed subject index was developed incorporating both new and old materials. Further, all entries were organ­ ized alphabetically by author rather than following Matsuda's original categorization of materials into separate resource headings. Also included in this publication were selected entries from Judith Rubano's bibliography Culture and Behavior in Hawaii (No. 3 in the Hawaii Series). Rubano's work is an excellent compilation of behavioral science materials but too broad and inclusive for students seeking references solely on Japanese Americans. Consequently, where applicable, this work has been integrated into the present bibliography. Annotations taken from the Matsuda and Rubano bibliographies are followed by the letter designa­ tion [M] or [R] and the entry number of the original work. Availability of Materials University of Hawaii Hawaiian-Pacific Collection: — Located on the third floor of Sinclair Library, the Hawaiian-Pacific Collection contains a majority of the materials annotated in this bibliography. This collection not only houses many of the general works on Hawaii's Japanese Americans but contains all the Master's theses and Ph. D. dissertations completed at the University of Hawaii. In addition, relevant dissertations from a number of mainland and foreign universities may also be found here. Sinclair and Hamilton Libraries: — These collections have a scatter­ ing of general works on the Japanese Americans in the Islands. Especially useful are holdings of popular periodicals and academic journals located in Hamilton Library. Sinclair Library houses the Asia Collection (base­ ment level), the B. A. Honors Collection (fourth floor) and the Government Documents Collection (third floor). In the Government Documents Collection an index has been compiled which lists papers that have bearing on the ethnic groups in Hawaii including the Japanese Americans. The interested student is advised to investigate this source since the index serves as a useful guide through the wealth of materials located in this collection. A complete author, title and subject listing of all works available throughout the University library system is found in the card catalog in Hamilton Library. Industrial Relations Center (IRC): — The IRC, located in the Business Administration Building on the Manoa campus, has some materials on the labor history of the Japanese Americans in Hawaii which are x unduplicated elsewhere. The library of the IRC is open to student use. Materials located in this collection have been listed in Edwin C. Pendleton’s Labor in Hawaii: A Bibliography. University Departments: — The student doing research is also en­ couraged to check with departments on campus to see what kinds of materials they have that are not duplicated elsewhere. Most departments keep files of theses, oral histories or special projects which could be valuable to the researcher. Useful information might also be obtained through faculty members of individual departments. State of Hawaii Collection State Library; — Although there are some materials on Hawaii’s Japanese Americans in the state libraries, their content is very general and is duplicated in the University collection. The Hawaii and Pacific Unit of the State Library Branch has published a brief bibliography, Japanese in Hawaii, second in a series of bibliographies on the major ethnic groups in Hawaii. The researcher may find this a handy reference to the more than 100 titles in their hold­ ings, relevant to the Japanese experience in Hawaii. State Archives: — The State Archives is a valuable source for Hawaiian documents and laws.