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Gliding Dragons and Flying Squirrels: Diversifying Versus Stabilizing Selection on Morphology Following the Evolution of an Innovation
vol. 195, no. 2 the american naturalist february 2020 E-Article Gliding Dragons and Flying Squirrels: Diversifying versus Stabilizing Selection on Morphology following the Evolution of an Innovation Terry J. Ord,1,* Joan Garcia-Porta,1,† Marina Querejeta,2,‡ and David C. Collar3 1. Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and the School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia; 2. Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC–Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37–49, Barcelona 08003, Spain; 3. Department of Organismal and Environmental Biology, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606 Submitted August 1, 2018; Accepted July 16, 2019; Electronically published December 17, 2019 Online enhancements: supplemental material. Dryad data: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.t7g227h. fi abstract: Evolutionary innovations and ecological competition are eral de nitions of what represents an innovation have been factors often cited as drivers of adaptive diversification. Yet many offered (reviewed by Rabosky 2017), this classical descrip- innovations result in stabilizing rather than diversifying selection on tion arguably remains the most useful (Galis 2001; Stroud morphology, and morphological disparity among coexisting species and Losos 2016; Rabosky 2017). Hypothesized innovations can reflect competitive exclusion (species sorting) rather than sympat- have drawn considerable attention among ecologists and ric adaptive divergence (character displacement). We studied the in- evolutionary biologists because they can expand the range novation of gliding in dragons (Agamidae) and squirrels (Sciuridae) of ecological niches occupied within communities. In do- and its effect on subsequent body size diversification. We found that gliding either had no impact (squirrels) or resulted in strong stabilizing ing so, innovations are thought to be important engines of selection on body size (dragons). -
Borneo: Broadbills & Bristleheads
TROPICAL BIRDING Trip Report: BORNEO June-July 2012 A Tropical Birding Set Departure Tour BORNEO: BROADBILLS & BRISTLEHEADS RHINOCEROS HORNBILL: The big winner of the BIRD OF THE TRIP; with views like this, it’s easy to understand why! 24 June – 9 July 2012 Tour Leader: Sam Woods All but one photo (of the Black-and-yellow Broadbill) were taken by Sam Woods (see http://www.pbase.com/samwoods or his blog, LOST in BIRDING http://www.samwoodsbirding.blogspot.com for more of Sam’s photos) 1 www.tropicalbirding.com Tel: +1-409-515-0514 E-mail: [email protected] TROPICAL BIRDING Trip Report: BORNEO June-July 2012 INTRODUCTION Whichever way you look at it, this year’s tour of Borneo was a resounding success: 297 bird species were recorded, including 45 endemics . We saw all but a few of the endemic birds we were seeking (and the ones missed are mostly rarely seen), and had good weather throughout, with little rain hampering proceedings for any significant length of time. Among the avian highlights were five pitta species seen, with the Blue-banded, Blue-headed, and Black-and-crimson Pittas in particular putting on fantastic shows for all birders present. The Blue-banded was so spectacular it was an obvious shoe-in for one of the top trip birds of the tour from the moment we walked away. Amazingly, despite absolutely stunning views of a male Blue-headed Pitta showing his shimmering cerulean blue cap and deep purple underside to spectacular effect, he never even got a mention in the final highlights of the tour, which completely baffled me; he simply could not have been seen better, and birds simply cannot look any better! However, to mention only the endemics is to miss the mark, as some of the, other, less local birds create as much of a stir, and can bring with them as much fanfare. -
PRAVILNIK O PREKOGRANIĈNOM PROMETU I TRGOVINI ZAŠTIĆENIM VRSTAMA ("Sl
PRAVILNIK O PREKOGRANIĈNOM PROMETU I TRGOVINI ZAŠTIĆENIM VRSTAMA ("Sl. glasnik RS", br. 99/2009 i 6/2014) I OSNOVNE ODREDBE Ĉlan 1 Ovim pravilnikom propisuju se: uslovi pod kojima se obavlja uvoz, izvoz, unos, iznos ili tranzit, trgovina i uzgoj ugroţenih i zaštićenih biljnih i ţivotinjskih divljih vrsta (u daljem tekstu: zaštićene vrste), njihovih delova i derivata; izdavanje dozvola i drugih akata (potvrde, sertifikati, mišljenja); dokumentacija koja se podnosi uz zahtev za izdavanje dozvola, sadrţina i izgled dozvole; spiskovi vrsta, njihovih delova i derivata koji podleţu izdavanju dozvola, odnosno drugih akata; vrste, njihovi delovi i derivati ĉiji je uvoz odnosno izvoz zabranjen, ograniĉen ili obustavljen; izuzeci od izdavanja dozvole; naĉin obeleţavanja ţivotinja ili pošiljki; naĉin sprovoĊenja nadzora i voĊenja evidencije i izrada izveštaja. Ĉlan 2 Izrazi upotrebljeni u ovom pravilniku imaju sledeće znaĉenje: 1) datum sticanja je datum kada je primerak uzet iz prirode, roĊen u zatoĉeništvu ili veštaĉki razmnoţen, ili ukoliko takav datum ne moţe biti dokazan, sledeći datum kojim se dokazuje prvo posedovanje primeraka; 2) deo je svaki deo ţivotinje, biljke ili gljive, nezavisno od toga da li je u sveţem, sirovom, osušenom ili preraĊenom stanju; 3) derivat je svaki preraĊeni deo ţivotinje, biljke, gljive ili telesna teĉnost. Derivati većinom nisu prepoznatljivi deo primerka od kojeg potiĉu; 4) država porekla je drţava u kojoj je primerak uzet iz prirode, roĊen i uzgojen u zatoĉeništvu ili veštaĉki razmnoţen; 5) druga generacija potomaka -
First Record of Bonelli's Eagle Aquila Fasciatus in Sudan
42 Short communications scheme implies that this artificial wetland is becoming increasingly important for waterbirds (see also Nachuha 2006; Nachuha & Byaruhanga 2009). In addition, water levels at Kibimba are shallow, and the pH of the water is slightly alkaline (pH 8) (Nachuha & Byaruhanga 2009) creating favourable conditions for this species. The Greater Flamingo was classified as Least Concern under the 2009 IUCN Red List because it has a very large range with a large population that appears to be increasing (BirdLife International 2009). In East Africa it is common in Kenya, frequent in Tanzania and rare in Western Uganda (Van Perlo 1995). This record now adds eastern Uganda as part of its known range. Considering that this species is prone to irregular (nomadic or partially migratory) movements throughout its range (BirdLife International 2009), it is likely that this single bird came from other parts of East Africa. References BirdLife International 2009. Species factsheet: Grus carunculatus. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 20/05/2010 Nachuha, S.K. & Byaruhanga, A. 2009. First record of the Wattled Crane Grus carunculatus in Uganda. Scopus 29: 21-22 Nachuha, S. 2006. Explaining distribution pattern of waterbirds on rice paddies and other wetlands in eastern Uganda. PhD Thesis, Oxford University, UK Urban, E.K., Fry, C.H. & Keith, S. (Eds) 1986. The Birds of Africa. Vol. 2. London: Academic Press Van Perlo, B. 1995. Birds of Eastern Africa. London: Harper Collins. Sarah N. Kasozi Islamic University in Uganda, P.O. Box 2555, Mbale, Uganda. Email: snachuha@hotmail. com Scopus 31: 41-42, November 2011 Received May 2010 First record of Bonelli’s Eagle Aquila fasciatus in Sudan The Bonelli’s Eagle Aquila fasciatus is a Palearctic, Indo-malayan, marginally Afro-tropical species that is considered local and uncommon across its range, mostly scarce to rare, and generally declining (Fergusson-Lees & Christie 2001). -
The Body Burden and Thyroid Disruption in Lizards (Eremias Argus)
Journal of Hazardous Materials 347 (2018) 218–226 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Hazardous Materials jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jhazmat The body burden and thyroid disruption in lizards (Eremias argus) living in benzoylurea pesticides-contaminated soil a,b a,b a,b a a a Jing Chang , Jitong Li , Weiyu Hao , Huili Wang , Wei Li , Baoyuan Guo , a a a,∗ Jianzhong Li , Yinghuan Wang , Peng Xu a Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan RD 19A, Beijing, 100049, China h i g h l i g h t s g r a p h i c a l a b s t r a c t • Diflubenzuron degraded faster than flufenoxuron in the soil. • The SPFs of flufenoxuron were greater than diflubenzuron. • The body burden of BPUs was related with LogKow and molecular weight. • BPUs exposure disturbed both thy- roid and metabolism system of lizards. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Dermal exposure is regarded as a potentially significant but understudied route for pesticides uptake Received 1 November 2017 in terrestrial reptiles. In this study, a native Chinese lizard was exposed to control, diflubenzuron or Received in revised form −1 flufenoxuron contaminated soil (1.5 mg kg ) for 35 days. Tissue distribution, liver lesions, thyroid hor- 19 December 2017 mone levels and transcription of most target genes were examined. The half-lives of diflubenzuron and Accepted 3 January 2018 flufenoxuron in the soil were 118.9 and 231.8 days, respectively. -
Anura: Hemiphractidae: Gastrotheca)
Accepted Manuscript Short communication Brazilian marsupial frogs are diphyletic (Anura: Hemiphractidae: Gastrotheca) David C. Blackburn, William E. Duellman PII: S1055-7903(13)00179-6 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.04.021 Reference: YMPEV 4580 To appear in: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Received Date: 7 January 2013 Revised Date: 2 April 2013 Accepted Date: 22 April 2013 Please cite this article as: Blackburn, D.C., Duellman, W.E., Brazilian marsupial frogs are diphyletic (Anura: Hemiphractidae: Gastrotheca), Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (2013), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.ympev.2013.04.021 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. 1 Short Communication 2 3 Brazilian marsupial frogs are diphyletic (Anura: Hemiphractidae: Gastrotheca) 4 5 David C. Blackburna,*, William E. Duellmanb 6 a Department of Vertebrate Zoology & Anthropology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 7 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA 8 b Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, KS 9 66045, USA 10 * Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (D.C. Blackburn) 11 12 Abstract 13 Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on expanded taxonomic and geographic sampling 14 support the monophyly of the marsupial frog genera (family Hemiphractidae), resolve six 15 geographically circumscribed lineages within Gastrotheca, and, for the first time, reveal 16 that two divergent lineages of Gastrotheca inhabit the Atlantic Coastal Forests of Brazil. -
Summary Conservation Action Plans for Mongolian Reptiles and Amphibians
Summary Conservation Action Plans for Mongolian Reptiles and Amphibians Compiled by Terbish, Kh., Munkhbayar, Kh., Clark, E.L., Munkhbat, J. and Monks, E.M. Edited by Munkhbaatar, M., Baillie, J.E.M., Borkin, L., Batsaikhan, N., Samiya, R. and Semenov, D.V. ERSITY O IV F N E U D U E T C A A T T S I O E N H T M ONGOLIA THE WORLD BANK i ii This publication has been funded by the World Bank’s Netherlands-Mongolia Trust Fund for Environmental Reform. The fi ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily refl ect the views of the Executive Directors of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colours, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of the World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The World Conservation Union (IUCN) have contributed to the production of the Summary Conservation Action Plans for Mongolian Reptiles and Amphibians, providing technical support, staff time, and data. IUCN supports the production of the Summary Conservation Action Plans for Mongolian Reptiles and Amphibians, but the information contained in this document does not necessarily represent the views of IUCN. Published by: Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London, NW1 4RY Copyright: © Zoological Society of London and contributors 2006. -
Volume 2. Animals
AC20 Doc. 8.5 Annex (English only/Seulement en anglais/Únicamente en inglés) REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT TRADE ANALYSIS OF TRADE TRENDS WITH NOTES ON THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF SELECTED SPECIES Volume 2. Animals Prepared for the CITES Animals Committee, CITES Secretariat by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre JANUARY 2004 AC20 Doc. 8.5 – p. 3 Prepared and produced by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK UNEP WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE (UNEP-WCMC) www.unep-wcmc.org The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre is the biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the United Nations Environment Programme, the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. UNEP-WCMC aims to help decision-makers recognise the value of biodiversity to people everywhere, and to apply this knowledge to all that they do. The Centre’s challenge is to transform complex data into policy-relevant information, to build tools and systems for analysis and integration, and to support the needs of nations and the international community as they engage in joint programmes of action. UNEP-WCMC provides objective, scientifically rigorous products and services that include ecosystem assessments, support for implementation of environmental agreements, regional and global biodiversity information, research on threats and impacts, and development of future scenarios for the living world. Prepared for: The CITES Secretariat, Geneva A contribution to UNEP - The United Nations Environment Programme Printed by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK © Copyright: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre/CITES Secretariat The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP or contributory organisations. -
The IUCN Amphibians Initiative: a Record of the 2001-2008 Amphibian Assessment Efforts for the IUCN Red List
The IUCN Amphibians Initiative: A record of the 2001-2008 amphibian assessment efforts for the IUCN Red List Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Amphibians on the IUCN Red List - Home Page ................................................................................ 5 Assessment process ......................................................................................................................... 6 Partners ................................................................................................................................................................. 6 The Central Coordinating Team ............................................................................................................................ 6 The IUCN/SSC – CI/CABS Biodiversity Assessment Unit........................................................................................ 6 An Introduction to Amphibians ................................................................................................................................. 7 Assessment methods ................................................................................................................................................ 7 1. Data Collection .................................................................................................................................................. 8 2. Data Review ................................................................................................................................................... -
Parachute Geckos Free Fall Into Synonymy Gekko Phylogeny, And
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 146 (2020) 106731 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Parachute geckos free fall into synonymy: Gekko phylogeny, and a new T subgeneric classifcation, inferred from thousands of ultraconserved elements ⁎ Perry L. Wood Jr.a, , Xianguang Guoa,b, Scott L. Traversa, Yong-Chao Sua,c, Karen V. Olsona, Aaron M. Bauerd, L. Lee Grismere, Cameron D. Silerf, Robert G. Moylea, Michael J. Anderseng, Rafe M. Browna a Biodiversity Institute and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA b Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China c Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan d Department of Biology and Center for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Stewardship , 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA e Herpetology Laboratory, Department of Biology, La Sierra University, Riverside, CA 92515, USA f Department of Biology and Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072-7029, USA g Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Recent phylogenetic studies of gekkonid lizards have revealed unexpected, widespread paraphyly and polyphyly Luperosaurus among genera, unclear generic boundaries, and a tendency towards the nesting of taxa exhibiting specialized, Ptychozoon apomorphic morphologies within geographically widespread “generalist” clades. This is especially true in Phylogenomics Australasia, where monophyly of Gekko proper has been questioned with respect to phenotypically ornate fap- Species tree legged geckos of the genus Luperosaurus, the Philippine false geckos of the genus Pseudogekko, and even the Subgenera elaborately “derived” parachute geckos of the genus Ptychozoon. -
Contents Herpetological Journal
British Herpetological Society Herpetological Journal Volume 31, Number 3, 2021 Contents Full papers Killing them softly: a review on snake translocation and an Australian case study 118-131 Jari Cornelis, Tom Parkin & Philip W. Bateman Potential distribution of the endemic Short-tailed ground agama Calotes minor (Hardwicke & Gray, 132-141 1827) in drylands of the Indian sub-continent Ashish Kumar Jangid, Gandla Chethan Kumar, Chandra Prakash Singh & Monika Böhm Repeated use of high risk nesting areas in the European whip snake, Hierophis viridiflavus 142-150 Xavier Bonnet, Jean-Marie Ballouard, Gopal Billy & Roger Meek The Herpetological Journal is published quarterly by Reproductive characteristics, diet composition and fat reserves of nose-horned vipers (Vipera 151-161 the British Herpetological Society and is issued free to ammodytes) members. Articles are listed in Current Awareness in Marko Anđelković, Sonja Nikolić & Ljiljana Tomović Biological Sciences, Current Contents, Science Citation Index and Zoological Record. Applications to purchase New evidence for distinctiveness of the island-endemic Príncipe giant tree frog (Arthroleptidae: 162-169 copies and/or for details of membership should be made Leptopelis palmatus) to the Hon. Secretary, British Herpetological Society, The Kyle E. Jaynes, Edward A. Myers, Robert C. Drewes & Rayna C. Bell Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK. Instructions to authors are printed inside the Description of the tadpole of Cruziohyla calcarifer (Boulenger, 1902) (Amphibia, Anura, 170-176 back cover. All contributions should be addressed to the Phyllomedusidae) Scientific Editor. Andrew R. Gray, Konstantin Taupp, Loic Denès, Franziska Elsner-Gearing & David Bewick A new species of Bent-toed gecko (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827) from the Garo 177-196 Hills, Meghalaya State, north-east India, and discussion of morphological variation for C. -
The First Record of Age Structure and Body Size of the Suphan Racerunner, Eremias Suphani Başoğlu & Hellmich, 1968
Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2015) 39: 513-518 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1408-39 The first record of age structure and body size of the Suphan Racerunner, Eremias suphani Başoğlu & Hellmich, 1968 1, 1 2 1 2 Nazan ÜZÜM *, Aziz AVCI , Yusuf KUMLUTAŞ , Nurettin BEŞER , Çetin ILGAZ 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey Received: 15.08.2014 Accepted: 25.10.2014 Published Online: 04.05.2015 Printed: 29.05.2015 Abstract: The age structure of Eremias suphani was studied from a high-altitude (2180 m a.s.l.) locality in eastern Turkey. A total of 24 preserved (16♂♂, 7♀♀, and 1 juvenile) specimens were used in this study. According to the skeletochronological analysis, ages ranged from 6 to 9 years (mean: 7.38 ± 0.22 years) in males and from 6 to 10 years (mean: 7.86 ± 0.51 years) in females. Age at maturity was estimated to be 5–6 years for both males and females. The mean snout–vent length was calculated as 60.88 ± 2.61 mm in males and 58.85 ± 2.44 in females. The sexual dimorphism index was calculated as –0.03. The difference between the sexes for both age and size was not statistically significant. Key words: Age structure, body size, Eremias suphani, Lacertidae, sexual dimorphism, Turkey 1. Introduction are little data available on life history characteristics such as The genus Eremias Fitzinger, 1834, which includes 35 lizard body size, age at maturity, and longevity.