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CAREC Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring Annual Report 2019

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CAREC Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring Annual Report 2019 CAREC Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring Annual Report 2019 Using data from real-time road and rail cargo shipments, the Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring (CPMM) mechanism assesses the efficiency of the six Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) transport corridors that link CAREC member countries. It considers travel time and costs and the ease of crossing borders. Analysis of 2019 CPMM data shows steady average improvement in speed without delay, largely attributed to infrastructure investment. Delays at the border decreased but remain a major hindrance to efficient trade. This report informs policy makers about transport and trade blockages, and aims to help guide infrastructure investment and trade facilitation reform and modernization. About the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Program The Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) Program is a partnership of 11 member countries and development partners working together to promote development through cooperation, leading to accelerated economic growth and poverty reduction. It is guided by the overarching vision of “Good Neighbors, Good Partners, and Good Prospects.” The CAREC countries are Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, the People’s Republic of China, Georgia, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. About the Asian Development Bank ADB is committed to achieving a prosperous, inclusive, resilient, and sustainable Asia and the Pacific, while sustaining its efforts to eradicate extreme poverty. Established in 1966, it is owned by 68 members CAREC CORRIDOR —49 from the region. Its main instruments for helping its developing member countries are policy dialogue, loans, equity investments, guarantees, grants, and technical assistance. PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING ANNUAL REPORT 2019 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines www.adb.org CAREC CORRIDOR PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING ANNUAL REPORT 2019 Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) © 2020 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 8632 4444; Fax +63 2 8636 2444 www.adb.org Some rights reserved. Published in 2019. ISBN 978-92-9262-294-7 (print), 978-92-9262-295-4 (electronic), 978-92-9262-296-1(ebook) Publication Stock No. TCS200205-2 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/TCS200205-2 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/. By using the content of this publication, you agree to be bound by the terms of this license. For attribution, translations, adaptations, and permissions, please read the provisions and terms of use at https://www.adb.org/terms-use#openaccess. This CC license does not apply to non-ADB copyright materials in this publication. If the material is attributed to another source, please contact the copyright owner or publisher of that source for permission to reproduce it. ADB cannot be held liable for any claims that arise as a result of your use of the material. Please contact [email protected] if you have questions or comments with respect to content, or if you wish to obtain copyright permission for your intended uses that do not fall within these terms, or for permission to use the ADB logo. Corrigenda to ADB publications may be found at http://www.adb.org/publications/corrigenda. Notes: In this publication, “$” refers to United States dollars. ADB recognizes “China” as the People’s Republic of China. Cover design by Principe Nicdao. Contents Tables, Figures, and Boxes v Acknowledgments vii Abbreviations viii Executive Summary ix 1 Introduction 1 Background 1 2 2019 Key Results 5 Trade Facilitation Indicator Results for 2019: Road Transport 5 Trade Facilitation Indicator Results for 2019: Rail Transport 7 Trade Facilitation Indicator Trends 2010–2019 9 3 2019 Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring Data 13 Data Profile 13 Cargo Movement 14 4 Road Transport in 2019 18 Trade Facilitation Indicator 1: Average Border-Crossing Time 18 Trade Facilitation Indicator 2: Average Border-Crossing Cost 18 Trade Facilitation Indicator 3: Total Transport Cost 20 Trade Facilitation Indicator 4: Speed to Travel on CAREC Corridors 21 Corridor Performance 21 5 Rail Transport in 2019 28 Trade Facilitation Indicator 1: Average Border-Crossing Time 28 Trade Facilitation Indicator 2: Average Border-Crossing Cost 29 Trade Facilitation Indicator 3: Total Transport Cost 29 Trade Facilitation Indicator 4: Speed to Travel on CAREC Corridors 30 Corridor Performance 30 6 Country Updates 34 Afghanistan 34 Azerbaijan 36 People’s Republic of China 38 Georgia 40 Kazakhstan 42 Kyrgyz Republic 46 Mongolia 48 Pakistan 50 Tajikistan 53 Turkmenistan 55 Uzbekistan 57 iii iv Contents 7 Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring and Time Release Study Tools 60 Background 60 Time Release Study Methodology 61 Time Release Study Findings: Sarpi Border-Crossing Point and Poti 61 Key Lessons Learned from the Time Release Study 63 Comparison of Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring and Time Release Study 63 Comparison of Methodologies 64 Findings: Similarities and Differences 64 Complementarity between Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring 65 and Time Release Study Tools 8 Conclusion 68 Appendixes 1 Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring Methodology 69 2 2019 Partner Associations 72 3 Trade Facilitation Indicators 73 4 Border-Crossing Activities 79 5 Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Border-Crossing Points 82 6 Trade Facilitation Indicators: Summary Statistics 84 7 Activities at Road Border-Crossing Points 86 8 Activities at Rail Border-Crossing Points 94 Tables, Figures, and Boxes Tables 3 CAREC Corridor Alignment and Key Border-Crossing Points 15 4.1 Average Time Taken to Clear a Border-Crossing Point 18 4.2 Average Cost Incurred at Border-Crossing Clearance 18 4.3 Average Cost at Road Border-Crossing Points by Activity 19 4.4 Estimated Unofficial Fees Paid per Activity for Road Transport in 2019 20 4.5 Average Cost Incurred to Travel a Corridor Section 20 4.6 Average Speed to Travel on CAREC Corridors 21 4.7 Transports Internationaux Routiers-Enabled People’s Republic of China 23 Border-Crossing Points 4.8 Key Indicators of Shipments from Poti, Georgia to Central Asia 24 4.9 Comparisons of Trade Facilitation Indicators between Corridors 3a and 3b in 2019 24 4.10 Comparison of Average Border-Crossing Times in Subcorridors 3a and 3b 25 4.11 Comparisons of Road and Road–Rail Shipments along Subcorridor 4b 26 5.1 Average Time Taken to Clear a Border-Crossing Point 28 5.2 Average Cost Incurred at Border-Crossing Clearance 29 5.3 Average Cost Incurred to Travel a Corridor Section 29 5.4 Average Speed to Travel on CAREC Corridors 30 5.5 Transit Rail Container Traffic Direction, 2014–2018 32 6.1 Trade Facilitation Indicators for Afghanistan 34 6.2 Border-Crossing Performance in Afghanistan 35 6.3 Trade Facilitation Indicators for Azerbaijan 36 6.4 Border-Crossing Performance in Azerbaijan 37 6.5 Trade Facilitation Indicators for the People’s Republic of China 38 6.6 Border-Crossing Performance in the People’s Republic of China 39 6.7 Trade Facilitation Indicators for Georgia 40 6.8 Border-Crossing Performance in Georgia 41 6.9 Trade Facilitation Indicators for Kazakhstan 43 6.10 Border-Crossing Performance in Kazakhstan 43 6.11 Trade Facilitation Indicators for the Kyrgyz Republic 47 6.12 Border-Crossing Performance in the Kyrgyz Republic 47 6.13 Trade Facilitation Indicators for Mongolia 48 6.14 Border-Crossing Performance in Mongolia 49 6.15 Trade Facilitation Indicators for Pakistan 51 6.16 Border-Crossing Performance in Pakistan 51 6.17 Trade Facilitation Indicators for Tajikistan 53 6.18 Border-Crossing Performance in Tajikistan 54 6.19 Trade Facilitation Indicators for Turkmenistan 56 6.20 Border-Crossing Performance in Turkmenistan 56 6.21 Trade Facilitation Indicators for Uzbekistan 57 6.22 Border-Crossing Performance in Uzbekistan 58 7.1 Average Clearance Times for Poti, 2016 62 7.2 Distinguishing Factors between the Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring 64 and Time Release Study 8 Road and Rail Transport Trade Facilitation Indicators, 2019 68 A2 2019 Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring Partner Associations 72 A3 Measuring the Trade Facilitation Indicators 74 A5 CAREC Corridor Border-Crossing Points 82 v vi Tables, Figures, and Boxes A6 Trade Facilitation Indicators—Summary Statistics 84 A7.1 Time and Cost Spent at Road Border-Crossing Points, Outbound 86 A7.2 Time and Cost Spent at Road Border-Crossing Points, Inbound 90 A8 Time and Cost Spent at Rail Border-Crossing
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