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50387-001: Irrigation Rehabilitation Project

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50387-001: Irrigation Rehabilitation Project Initial Environmental Examination August 2019 KAZ: Irrigation Rehabilitation Project East Kazakhstan Province Subprojects Project No. 50387-001 Prepared by the Republican State Enterprise “KazvodKhoz”, Republic of Kazakhstan, for the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation or, or reference to a particular territory or geographic are in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. TA-9317 KAZ: Irrigation Rehabilitation Sector Project Initial Environmental Examination of Subprojects in East-Kazakhstan Province Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................................................. i Executive Summary ................................................................................................. 1 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1 2. Description of the Project ................................................................................... 1 3. Key findings ....................................................................................................... 2 4. Public Consultation Process .............................................................................. 3 5. Recommended actions ...................................................................................... 3 A. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 4 A.1. Purpose of the report ......................................................................................... 4 A.2. Category of Project ............................................................................................ 5 A.3. Project proponent .............................................................................................. 5 A.4. Nature, size, and location of the subprojects ..................................................... 6 A.5. IEE Boundaries ................................................................................................. 6 A.6. Methodology applied ......................................................................................... 7 A.7. Constraints and limitations ................................................................................. 7 A.8. Structure of the report ........................................................................................ 8 B. Legal, policy and administrative framework ................................................... 9 B.1. General ............................................................................................................. 9 B.2. Country policies and administrative framework .................................................. 9 B.2.1. Overall legal framework ....................................................................................................... 9 B.2.2. Environmental Impact Assessment ..................................................................................... 9 B.2.3. Administrative Framework ................................................................................................. 10 B.3. Air, Water, Land and Noise Legislation ............................................................ 11 B.3.1. Air Quality Legislation ........................................................................................................ 11 B.3.2. Water Quality Legislation ............................................................................................ 12 B.3.3. Health and Safety........................................................................................................ 14 B.3.4. Physical Cultural Heritage ........................................................................................... 14 B.3.5. Waste .......................................................................................................................... 15 B.3.6. International Conventions and Treaties ...................................................................... 17 B.4. Environmental Quality Standards .................................................................... 19 B.4.1. Air Quality Standards .................................................................................................. 19 B.4.2. Water Quality Standards ............................................................................................. 19 B.4.3. Noise Standards .......................................................................................................... 23 B.5. ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 ........................................................... 24 C. Project Description .......................................................................................... 28 C.1. Irrigation Rehabilitation Project ........................................................................ 28 C.2. Need for the Project ......................................................................................... 30 C.3. Location and scope ......................................................................................... 30 C.3.1. Subprojects location in East-Kazakhstan Province .................................................... 30 C.3.2 Scope of works ................................................................................................................ 34 C.4. Description of Typical Works ........................................................................... 36 C.4.1. Mechanical Cleaning ......................................................................................................... 36 C.4.2. Concrete Lining ........................................................................................................... 38 C.5. Alternatives. ....................................................................................................... 41 C.5.1 Lined vs. unlined canals alternatives .......................................................................... 41 C.5.2 “No project” alternative ................................................................................................ 41 C.5.3. Geogrids Alternative.................................................................................................... 42 D. Description of the Environment ..................................................................... 47 D.1. Physical Resources ........................................................................................... 47 D.1.1 Topography, geology and soils ....................................................................................... 47 D.1.2 Climate ............................................................................................................................ 50 D.1.3 Air quality ......................................................................................................................... 52 D.1.4 Hydrological resources and surface water quality ........................................................... 53 D.1.5. Natural Hazards .......................................................................................................... 60 TA-9317 KAZ: Irrigation Rehabilitation Sector Project Initial Environmental Examination of Subprojects in East-Kazakhstan Province D.1.6. Radiation ............................................................................................................................ 61 D.1.7 Flora and fauna ............................................................................................................ 62 D.1.8 Protected areas ............................................................................................................... 63 D.2. Socio-Economic Development ........................................................................... 71 D.2.1. Industries and Agriculture .................................................................................................. 71 D.2.2. Current Status of Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure ................................................... 73 D.2.3. Current Cropping Pattern................................................................................................... 73 D.2.4. Current Crop Yields ........................................................................................................... 73 D.2.5. Noncrop Agricultural Production ........................................................................................ 74 D.2.6. Current Situation of Marketing ........................................................................................... 74 D.3. Infrastructure and Transportation facilities ....................................................... 74 D.4. Social and Cultural Resources ......................................................................... 74 D.4.1 Population and communities ........................................................................................... 74 D.4.2 Health & Education facilities ............................................................................................ 75 D.4.3. Ethnic Groups ...................................................................................................................
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