SPRING 2020 ACROSS BORDERS

INNOVATION SUPPORTING STRONGER CARGO BIOSECURITY

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Artist impression

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For leasing enquiries call Clarenzo Perna, Development Executive, Logistics & Strategic Industrial Projects 03 9673 1111 | Salta.com.au Contents ACROSS

4 Opportunities to prosper in a post-COVID, low emissions world 6 Australian Peak Shippers Association - Report from the Chair BORDERS 7 The Beirut Explosion and dangerous goods – are you protected? 8 Safe Container Loading Practices & Heavy Vehicle Safety 10 Sustainability remains at the forefront of the ports industry SPRING 2020 12 Port of Melbourne welcomes largest container capacity ship to dock in Melbourne 14 Port Botany On-Track to Support NSW 16 The tank container – a valuable asset to be treated with care 18 Western Australia takes bold move towards new container port 19 The Curve of Confusion 20 Fremantle port embracing digitalisation with outstanding results 22 Emerging from lockdown 23 New CEO appointed to lead Western Sydney Airport 24 Enhancements to Australia’s Domestic Air Cargo Security 26 Workplace Mental Health 28 Salta’s $50 million Dandenong South Intermodal Terminal underway 30 2020 and the Post-Pandemic Economy 32 The Future of The Workplace – The Impact of COVID-19 34 Cyber criminals are exploiting COVID-19 loopholes 36 Remote working habits in the new Covid-19 corporate environment create ‘rich’ opportunities for cyber criminals 37 Moving towards carbon-neutral shipping with Maersk ECO Delivery 38 Emissions Standards – Are your imports compliant 40 Where the wind blows 41 We have a chance to re-build our supply-chains better than before – Actions shippers can take now to prepare for a low emission future. Recovery from the global 42 The Packaging Evolution – From Efciency to Waste and back again? pandemic with a focus on the 44 Ethanol fuels passion and power 45 Green Ammonia as Marine Bunker Fuel efcient movement of goods 47 Women’s International Shipping and Trading Association (WISTA) 47 GIVIT Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA) and the Australian Peak 48 Two members share their stories on Generational succession Shippers Association (APSA) have actively engaged with the 50 The importance of open trade for Australia’s post COVID Climate Change Authority as a part of their new research economic recovery report, Economic recovery, resilience and prosperity after the 51 Turbulent times: Weighing up air versus sea freight coronavirus. 52 Global Data Standards and GTIN reporting speeds customs clearance of goods into mainland China Importantly, the report identifes measures that will contribute 54 Amazon Australia Announces Its First Robotics Fulflment Centre to a ‘triple-win’ stimulus package in a low-emissions world 56 Ant Group Signs Strategic Blockchain Agreement with COSCO ofering a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to not only jump-start SHIPPING to Transform the Global Shipping Industry an economic recovery but also set up Australia to prosper for 57 Keeping your temperature monitoring real generations to come. 58 Innovation supporting stronger cargo biosecurity 60 New Head of Biosecurity to continue department’s important work FTA and APSA will continue to advocate for measures to build 62 Is Your Approved Arrangement Audit Ready? resilience to the economic impacts of the changing climate and 63 Australian Border Force – Meeting COVID-19 challenges at the to position Australia to take advantage of our abundant clean Border energy resources and emerging low-emissions technologies. 64 BorderWise: access comprehensive customs information from a single window One particularly exciting opportunity is the potential for 66 Dumping Investigations and the role of an importer Australia to produce zero carbon bunker fuel for shipping to 67 Economic response to COVID-19 simultaneously create a new export industry, promote jobs and 68 Happy Anniversary – 15 years since the ICS implementation enhance the nation’s fuel security. In this Spring 2020 edition of Across Borders, we proudly showcase commentaries from members on how they are Across Borders is published by planning for the long term challenges associated with the Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA) global response to climate change. 68 Brooker Avenue We also extend our sincere appreciation to Brad Archer (CEO, Beacon Hill NSW 2100 Climate Change Authority) for his detailed foreword and for his

T: 02 99751878 personal interest in supply chains and transport related reform. E: [email protected] Our message is gaining traction that it is the efcient www.FTAlliance.com.au movement of goods through innovative solutions that will lead Editor - John Park our economic recovery. FTA and APSA will continue a close T: 0415 973 630 relationship with the Authority and will support an increasing E: [email protected] broader paradigm shift in government priorities in favour of Advertising - Paul Zalai exporters, importers and logistics providers. T: 0408 280 123 E: [email protected] By PAUL ZALAI, Co-founder and Director, Design - Siren Design Studio Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA) Front cover – T: 0412 103 569 sponsored by DAWE E: [email protected] Spring 2020 I Across Borders I 3 FOREWORD

Opportunities to prosper in a post-COVID, low emissions world

By BRAD ARCHER, Chief Executive Ofcer - Climate Change Authority

As we continue the fght to keep the the greater our capacity to enhance our from the direct combustion of fuels within coronavirus under control, governments resilience, and the greater our resilience Australia for transportation by road, rail, have begun looking beyond the the better placed we are to maintain our domestic aviation and domestic shipping prosperity in the face of difcult challenges. (which account for just under 19% of immediate emergency health and Australia’s emissions). Figure 1 shows I am grateful to have had the opportunity economic responses and towards both domestic and international sources of to meet with Freight & Trade Alliance longer term stimulus measures to transport emissions for Australia. There are (FTA) and the Australian Peak Shippers support Australia’s economic recovery. clear upward trends in domestic transport Association (APSA) to help the Authority emissions and international aviation understand the impact of COVID-19 on emissions. In the Climate Change Authority, we are international supply chains and transport, principally concerned with another highly and how these organisations are thinking The economic impacts of countries’ profound problem – that of global warming. about the long term challenges associated responses to COVID-19 have caused a However, responding to the challenges of with the global response to climate signifcant reduction in global emissions, the pandemic and climate change come change. including in the transport sector. One study together in the Authority’s recent research has estimated that more than half of the Worldwide, there is a growing focus on report Economic recovery, resilience and world’s population reduced their regular emissions associated with the production, prosperity after the coronavirus. The travel by more than a half. However, this transport and use of goods. As the world Authority sees a “win-win-win” opportunity reduction is likely to be temporary. And decarbonises, a signifcant competitive for economic recovery, resilience and this, obviously, is not the way we want to advantage will accrue to sellers of goods prosperity. reduce emissions! that can demonstrate a zero or low carbon The Authority found there are economic footprint, and broader environmental The leading global civil aviation and stimulus measures that could help jump sustainability credentials, right across their maritime associations are taking signifcant, start the economy, build our resilience to product life cycles. For both attracting proactive steps towards reducing the future shocks and position Australia to investors and consumers. carbon footprints of their respective take full advantage of our clean energy sectors. resources and emerging low-emissions For example, Australia’s second largest technologies – thereby positioning us to superannuation fund, First State Super, The international civil aviation sector prosper in a world shifting to net zero has announced that in response to climate accounts for about 1.3% of the global emissions to avert the worst impacts of risks, it will reduce emissions in its listed CO2 emissions and this was trending climate change. equities portfolio by at least 30 per cent upwards prior to COVID-19. In response, by 2023, seek a 45 per cent reduction the International Civil Aviation Organisation A triple-win stimulus package could by 2030 and divest from businesses that (ICAO) is implementing its Carbon stimulate a virtuous cycle for Australia’s derive more than 10 per cent of their Ofsetting and Reduction Scheme for future. The more prosperous our economy, revenue from thermal coal mining. And International Aviation, targeting (prior to a coalition of institutional investors, with COVID-19) carbon-neutral growth in the more than US$16 trillion in assets under sector from 2020. The strategy relies management, has launched the Net Zero on efciency improvements of current Investment Framework for Consultation, technology and using emissions ofsets to intended to assist investors to align their achieve carbon-neutral growth. portfolios with net zero emissions by 2050. Beyond these activities, the most Countries are also considering trade promising candidate for aviation measures, such as tarifs, to discourage abatement is the introduction of biofuels goods which embody a high emissions or low-emissions synthetic jet fuels. content. The European Union is currently These candidates are well-understood consulting on the design of a ‘carbon technologies; however, they face technical border adjustment’, which it intends to and economic challenges to deployment at introduce no later than 1 January 2023. sufcient scale. International civil aviation and maritime The International Maritime Organization bunker fuel emissions are by convention recently estimated the share of not included in any individual country’s international shipping emissions in global total greenhouse gas emissions. Australia’s anthropogenic emissions at about 2%. national emissions total includes emissions Its greenhouse gas strategy incorporates

4 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders Figure 1: Australian Transport CO2 Emissions (kilotonnes) The Australian Renewable Energy Agency is developing a bioenergy roadmap, intended to help inform the next series of investment and policy decisions in the bioenergy sector. The roadmap will examine the role the bioenergy sector can play in accelerating Australia’s transition to clean energy. And the Australian Government will release its frst Low Emissions Technology Statement later this year. This will prioritise technologies for inclusion in the Government’s investment portfolio for reducing emissions – to help accelerate their development and deployment, in partnership with the private sector and like-minded countries. In the Climate Change Authority, we are embarking on a body of work to explore how Australia can take advantage of the opportunities presented by growing low carbon trade and investment. We intend to examine: • how we can classify and map the low carbon economy Source: Australia National Inventory Submission 2020 (UNFCCC Common Reporting Format • how climate policy, fnancial regulation tables) https://unfccc.int/documents/228034 and public investment can promote investment in the low carbon economy a target of reducing emissions from In Australia, the CSIRO on 4 August • the challenges and opportunities for international shipping by 50 per cent by 2020 released its report Opportunities for Australia presented by the global shift towards net zero emissions and possible 2050 compared with 2008 levels. Shipping hydrogen in commercial aviation. Prepared policy responses from a trade and climate faces challenges in replacing the current in collaboration with Boeing, the report policy perspective. dominant fuel—very heavy oil—at scale, outlines pathways for the use of hydrogen primarily due to its very low cost. and hydrogen based fuels within commercial COVID-19 is presenting challenges for aviation, identifying opportunities that could Australia, and most countries around the Lower emission alternatives include currently be realised over the next 5, 10 and 30 years. world, that we have not seen the likes of available but higher cost fuels like liquefed since World War II and the Great Depression. natural gas (LNG) or potential alternatives In Australia, its emergence followed an such as hydrogen or ammonia. The IMO’s The eforts of the ICAO and IMO to reduce unprecedented bushfre season and current eforts are focusing on improving international aviation and shipping emissions prolonged drought, which have already ship design and efciency. will have fow-through impacts for domestic taken a signifcant toll in many communities. aviation and maritime emissions. These Taking an optimistic view, there are many agreements should lead to the availability of Developing renewable and sustainable opportunities we can seize to grow our more efcient aircraft and ships, which could transport fuels economy and build a more resilient and be incorporated into Australian domestic prosperous Australia as we emerge from the Five leading Danish companies operating operations. The Australian Government is impacts of the coronavirus. in international transportation and logistics supporting both international agreements. have joined forces with a multinational energy company and the City of However, it is not just a case of Australia Copenhagen to develop an industrial-scale waiting for clean technologies and production facility to produce sustainable supply chains to emerge. We have a very fuels for road, maritime and air transport. signifcant opportunity to contribute to their development and for our economy to beneft Copenhagen Airports, A.P. Moller - Maersk, directly. DSV Panalpina, DFDS, SAS and Ørsted announced on 26 May 2020 they have Australia has a range of initiatives underway formed a partnership that brings together the that could position us very well as the demand and supply side of the sustainable aviation and shipping sectors, and the fuels market, with a vision to establish a global economy generally, transition to a low new hydrogen and e-fuel production facility emissions future. These include the National as soon as 2023. When fully scaled-up by Hydrogen Strategy, which aims to remove 2030, the project could deliver more than market barriers, efciently build supply and 250,000 tonnes of sustainable fuel for buses, demand and accelerate our global cost- trucks, maritime vessels, and airplanes every competitiveness. Its stated measures of year and reduce annual carbon emissions by success include Australia becoming a top 850,000 tonnes. (https://www.maersk.com/ three exporter of hydrogen to Asian markets news/articles/2020/05/26/leading-danish- and that we have a robust, internationally companies-join-forces-on-an-ambitious- accepted scheme for certifying the origin of sustainable-fuel-project) our hydrogen.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I 5 EXECUTIVE REPORT

Australian Peak Shippers Association - Report from the Chair

By OLGA HARRITON, APSA Chair / Global Logistics Manager - Manildra Group

The Australian Peak Shippers Association (APSA) celebrated its 30th Finally, FTA/ APSA also provided a Annual General Meeting on 27 August 2020. submission to the Independent Review of the Victorian Ports System on 14 August 2020 making seven (7) recommendations: During this milestone event, I was privileged I am proud to lead an incredibly high calibre to be elected as the association’s Chair. representative group, essential to support 1. the Victorian government to include Australian exporters during these difcult into the PPAR two-way disciplines between This appointment follows a two year period times. stevedores and transport operators to as Vice Chair supporting Sean Richards who minimise adverse operational delays and Importantly, the AGM also addressed the did a tremendous job as Chair leading the provide predictability in shippers’ landed following advocacy activities: association and our engagement with state costs; and federal governments. We wish Sean all • representation and evidence before the 2. the Victorian government align the the very best as he continues his executive Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Afairs, general manager role at Visy Logistics PPAR to PBLIS to mandate that stevedores Defence and Trade into the public hearing must provide free storage for the day the overseeing their impressive expansion ‘Impact of COVID-19 on Australia’s defence, activities. container is returned from the CEF and for trade and international relations’; the next two days after that; We would also like to express our • essential services (stage 4) Victorian 3. the VPPM to measure truck turnaround appreciation to David Werner from Cargill for COVID-19 restrictions; his support as a valued APSA Committee of time from entry within the port precinct to account for queuing times outside the Management (CoM) member over the last • submission to the Federal Treasurer on stevedore gate; two years. 17 July 2020 recommending allocation of additional relief measures to support the air 4. Freight Victoria to engage with Visy maintains its representation with Brian cargo supply chain sector; Transport for NSW to establish ‘best Thorpe replacing Sean on the CoM. We also practice’ empty container park practices; welcome Justin Bond from SunRice, Brian • extension of the duty concession on Wright who is replacing Michael Dunstan imports of certain medical and hygiene 5. the Victorian government extend the as the representative for the Australian products for use in combatting COVID-19 PPAR to force shipping lines starting the International Movers Association (AIMA) until 31 December 2020; and container detention clock from after CEF and Stacey McKenna who replaces Patrick • Border and Biosecurity trade processing and Border Hold has been Hutchison as the representative for the digitisation and automation, cargo tracking, released; Australian Meat Industry Council (AMIC). All cost recovery and service performance 6. the Victorian government extend bring enormous experience in international measurement. the PPAR to force empty container parks shipping and landside logistics to our team. As members will also recall, FTA / APSA to recover all operating costs from their I very much look forward to working closely provided a formal submission in response to commercial client (shipping lines) rather with fellow ofcers of the association being the Australian Competition and Consumer than booking fees imposed on third-party Paul Zalai as Secretariat, Kurt Wilkinson from Commission (ACCC) discussion paper transport operators; and Fletcher International Exports who has been Proposed Class Exemption for Ocean Liner 7. the Victorian government extend the elected Vice-Chair and Eimear McDonough Shipping. Advice from the ACCC is that PPAR to force stevedores to recover all from Namoi Cotton and the Australian following the pandemic outbreak, they are operating costs from their commercial client Cotton Shippers Association (ACSA) who likely to soon resume consultation towards a (shipping lines) rather than Infrastructure continues as Treasurer. class exemption. Surcharges / Terminal Access Charges imposed on third-party transport operators.

2020 /2021 APSA Ofcers and Committee of Management FTA / APSA will continue its advocacy to ensure that market forces can be re- • Chair: Olga Harriton (Global Logistics Manager – Manildra Group); introduced with a removal of stevedore- • Vice-Chair: Kurt Wilkinson (General Manager - Commercial Commodities & International imposed Infrastructure Surcharges. An open Division - Fletcher International Exports); and competitive environment will determine • Treasurer: Eimear McDonagh (Director- Australian Cotton Shippers Association); appropriate price for services without the • Paul Zalai (Secretariat, APSA) need for further government monitoring or • Stacey McKenna (Australian Meat Industry Council); intervention. • Flaminio Dondina (General Manager Procurement - Casella Family Brands); • Peter Morgan (CEO - Australian Council for Wool Exporters and Processors); • Brian Wright (Australian International Movers Association); • Brian Thorpe (International Shipping Manager - Visy Procurement); and • Justin Bond (Head of Global Shipping and Customer Service – SunRice)

6 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders The Beirut Explosion and dangerous goods – are you protected?

By FRAZER HUNT - Partner, Mills Oakley, Sydney.

The recent devastating explosion The IMDG code is the internationally cargo on the route requested. Make in Beirut is a timely reminder to accepted guide for the identifcation and sure that they are a proper legal entity safe transportation of dangerous goods and that the relevant manufacturer (if not those carrying, handling and in packaged form. The code is mandatory the customer) is identifed and uses an storing dangerous goods to under SOLAS regulations and provides independent testing laboratory. Then exercise due diligence and to advice on the packaging, labelling, the new customer should be required stowage, segregation, handling and comply with regulations when to complete a form that includes full emergency response for each hazardous organisation details, their insurance handling dangerous goods. substance. In particular, it requires the arrangements, supply chain details and issue of a compliant Dangerous Goods trade references. They should also be Transport Document and a Dangerous asked to sign a copy of your up to date Goods Container Packing Certifcate for standard terms and conditions with each container. The code also imposes appropriate indemnities and agree to be mandatory training on dangerous goods bound by them. for shore-based personnel including shippers, freight forwarders, container 2. Review your customer’s description The shippers and packers and shipping line operators. Each of the goods to identify vague descriptions forwarders involved in dangerous good listed in the code has a that might identify dangerous goods. ‘proper shipping name’ and one or more One actual example is the description the misdeclaration will four-digit United Nations (UN) identifcation “computer parts” that turned out to be numbers and the code identifes lithium batteries that were shipped LCL be held liable for the subsidiary risks, UN packing group(s), and caught fre in transit, destroying the special provisions, limited quantity per other goods in the container and putting consequences, so here inner packaging, packing instructions, the vessel at risk. is a brief guide as to special packing provisions, emergency schedules for fre and spillage, stowage 3. Scrutinize any changes to documents possible steps that can and segregation provisions, and cargo and descriptions of goods after the properties and observations. In short, it is shipment has been booked and/or is be taken to minimise a guide on handling dangerous goods by already in transit. For example, changes description and categorisation. to the parties to a bill of lading should your exposure to involve further “Know Your Customer” It is particularly important that the relevant investigations and changes to goods such claims: dangerous goods are properly identifed, descriptions should be scrutinised and declared and documented, as they will explanations sought. then be appropriately handled by the carrier, protecting not only the shipment 4. Do not accept guarantees or letters of itself, but also the carrier, warehouse indemnity unless supported by a bank and and dockworkers and the general public. also for a legitimate purpose – for example, Otherwise, undeclared dangerous goods an ofer by shippers to indemnify you for will be handled by carriers as non- the consequences of issuing shipping hazardous cargo, with obvious risks, and documentation with a clear misdescription misdeclared goods will not be handled of goods should be rejected – such correctly, creating dangers for the ship and conduct is fraudulent and the indemnity crew and other cargoes. The shippers and will be unenforceable. forwarders involved in the misdeclaration will be held liable for the consequences, so here is a brief guide as to possible steps that can be taken to minimise your exposure to such claims: 1. Implement “Know Your Customer” policies and procedures that will verify that new customers are reputable organisations and have a history of shipping the relevant

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I 7 Safe Container Loading Practices & Heavy Vehicle Safety

Container Transport Alliance Australia (CTAA), Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA) and the Australian Peak Shippers Association (APSA) have partnered with the National Heavy Vehicle Regulator (NHVR) to create the Safe Container Loading Practices & Heavy Vehicle Safety campaign.

The campaign is part of the NHVR that cargo inside shipping containers is • A Safe Container Loading Practices Heavy Vehicle Safety Initiative (HVSI) packed and restrained so that it does Checklist for use by importers, exporters funded by the Commonwealth not cause a breach of road laws. and their packers, both in Australia and Government, and has also attracted If you neglect your duties in this regard, overseas. the support of ICHCA Australia, and you could be risking the lives and well- global organisations such as the Global • Links to Australian best practice being of every person who comes within Shippers Forum (GSF) and the World’s guidance, including the Australian reach of containers you or your supply leading transport and logistics insurer, Load Restraint Guide, the Australian chain partners have loaded and shipped TT Club. Dangerous Goods Code, and workplace internationally and domestically. health & safety guidance on safely Cargo inside shipping containers that The Safe Container Loading Practices packing or unpacking containers; and is poorly packed, poorly restrained campaign will be launched in mid- or unevenly distributed can cause • Links to International best practice September and will be complemented guidance, including the IMO Code of serious safety issues through the by a series of practical Webinars raising Practice for Packing of Cargo Transport transport chain. This may compromise awareness of best practice in container Units (IMO CTU Code). vessel safety, rail transport safety, and cargo and transport safety. road transport safety, including the CTAA, FTA, ASPA and ICHCA Australia heightened risk of truck rollovers, load Unique resources will accompany the will be promoting the online training shifts contributing to road accidents, campaign, including: course and campaign resources during and heavy vehicle axle mass breaches. • A free online training course the Webinars in October and early Container transport in Australia will developed in collaboration with November 2020. experience signifcant growth over the WiseTech Academy, suitable for all The online course, campaign resources next two decades. parties in the container transport logistics chain. and the Webinars will be made available In 2017/2018, there were over 8 million to all on a free of charge basis as a part Twenty Foot Equivalent Units (TEUs) The online course will raise awareness of the Commonwealth Government’s exchanged through Australia’s capital about the consequences of unsafe funding. city container ports of Melbourne, container loading practices, how to Sydney, Brisbane, Adelaide and minimise risk in containerised cargo Join us in promoting safe container Fremantle. By 2032/2033, the task packing and transport, the practical loading and transport practices to is expected to grow to over 19 million application of Australian CoR laws, and minimise death, injury and commercial TEUs. truck rollover prevention; loss. Over 80% of containers are transported by road, with a current estimate of over The course will be complimented by a series of FREE webinars with presentations 3 million truck trips per annum carrying from leading experts in their felds: full containers to and from ports. With Implementing Best Practice Container Packing the forecast rise in the container freight Tuesday, 13 October 2020 (12.00pm to 1.00pm AEDT) task out to 2032/2033, the number of Overseas Packing Requirements to Facilitate Onshore Biosecurity Treat- truck trips will more than double to over ments 7 million trips per annum. Thursday, 15 October 2020 (12.00pm to 1.00pm AEDT) Under Chain of Responsibility (CoR), Chain of Responsibility and International Transport Obligations importers, exporters, and freight Wednesday, 21 October 2020 (12.00pm to 1.00pm AEDT) forwarders have obligations to ensure Chain of Responsibility and Container Transport that their actions (or inactions) do not Wednesday, 28 October 2020 (12.00pm to 1.00pm AEDT) contribute to a breach of the Heavy Vehicle National Law (HVNL). This Insurance & Commercial Considerations includes taking practical steps to ensure Wednesday, 4 November 2020 (12.00pm to 1.00pm AEDT)

8 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders FREE SAFE CONTAINER LOADING PRACTICES & HEAVY VEHICLE SAFETY CAMPAIGN & WEBINAR SERIES

Are you aware of best practice in safe container loading and cargo restraint?

Do you understand the legal, safety and commercial consequences of unrestrained and poorly packed cargo inside shipping containers?

Providing online education resources, best practice guidelines and a Safe Container Packing Checklist for use by all parties in the international container transport logistics chain.

SAFE LOADS... SAFE ROADS...

A unique online training course has been developed in collaboration with WiseTech Academy covering: • Introduction and impact of unsafe container loading practices • Packing and minimising risk for containerised cargo transport • Truck Rollover Prevention • Heavy Vehicle National Law and Chain of Responsibility To register for the FREE online course or Law FREE webinars go to • A practical application of the HVNL and Chain of Re www.FTAlliance.com.au sponsibility Laws Further enquiries please contact Caroline Zalai on • International organisations and conventions for safe 02 9975 1878 transport

Supporting organisation: A Heavy Vehicle Safety Initiative administered by the NHVR ICHCA Australia on behalf of the Commonwealth Government SHIPPING

Sustainability remains at the forefront of the ports industry

By ADAM COOPER, Company Secretary / General Counsel – Flinders Port Holdings

As industries across the globe face up to the coronavirus pandemic, positive news has been hard to come by. Yet one positive trend has arguably maintained momentum even in the face of COVID-19. Over the last six months the issue of sustainability has remained at the forefront of industry and investor debate about the future of our economies.

As this edition of Across Borders Magazine highlights, this positive trend has been apparent in ports and logistics. Most of Australia’s major port operators have now published or are on their way to publishing sustainability policies and plans. We at Flinders Port Holdings published our own group-wide plan in April, centralising coordination, oversight, and delivery of our work in this space. What is most telling within this trend is that the majority of these plans, our own included, are not siloed but instead directly aligned with overall business strategies. Instead of an addendum to business planning, sustainability is now seen as a central facet of it and a value generator in its own right. Furthermore, if we are to future- proof our businesses and our infrastructure then working in a sustainable fashion now is critical. Sustainability is not only about building an ethical business, it is about building a resilient business. Environmental, Social and Governance embedding of sustainability into the supply We have already started to make signifcant (ESG) metrics. There are other approaches chain sector is hugely exciting. And we progress at our operations. At the Flinders to sustainability planning but for our are seeing other exciting innovation being Adelaide Container Terminal, we have stakeholders, including investors, and driven by businesses looking to become signifcantly cut energy consumption. We customers the ESG framework allows us to more resilient. In South Australia we have have also entered into a Virtual Generation measure and communicate progress, and seen a marked increase in interest in our Agreement for the increased supply of to plug in to wider sustainability programs Flinders Warehousing and Distribution (FWD) renewable-based electricity across our Port being implemented through supply chains operations. FWD enables tailored supply Adelaide facilities. We are also working to we operate in. chain solutions, including warehousing, ensure sustainable practice is embedded Indeed, compatibility in approaches to distribution, customs, quarantine and across our supply chain operations beyond sustainability across the supply chain space transport. This model is saving our partners the wharf. This is important to our customers should be the long-term goal of the sector. time and money, but it is also giving who are increasingly engaging with us as Ports Australia’s soon to be published Port them peace of mind in what is becoming their end-to-end supply chain partner. Sustainability Strategy Development Guide an increasingly complex supply chain On a strategic level, we have set out will enable ports and port businesses to environment. medium-term and stretch goals across take a systematic approach to sustainability Whether it is progress on sustainability strategy development which is aligned with or integration there are positive trends industry good practice. There will not be a within the supply chain sector, particularly one-size fts all model, but Australia’s supply in Australia. As we start to emerge from chain sector overall will beneft if there COVID-19 there is an opportunity to further can be consistency in approaches to and embed sustainable and innovative practice measurement of sustainability. as trade recovers. We will certainly be While in the near-term the market will pushing this agenda. continue to be challenging, what the sustainability trend shows us is that threats – in this case threats linked to environmental degradation and climate change – can lead to innovation and value creation. The

10 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders A world class supply chain partner for South Australia

Through integrated stevedoring, infrastructure and logistics services, Flinders Port Holdings connect South Australian businesses to each other and to the world.

flindersportholdings.com.au

Flinders Flinders Adelaide Flinders Flinders Warehousing Ports Container Terminal Logistics & Distribution Spring 2020 I Across Borders I 11 SHIPPING

Port of Melbourne welcomes largest container capacity ship to dock in Melbourne

Sal Milici, Head of Border The Port of Melbourne (PoM) welcomes calling at PoM, this is a signifcant & Biosecurity - FTA / APSA the CMA CGM Ural, the largest container increase in load carrying capacity. was recently a guest of Victoria ship by maximum capacity to call at the The CMA CGM Ural will spend 44 port. International Container Terminal hours in Melbourne before departing for Sydney and Brisbane. (VICT) for the arrival of the CMA The 299 metre long vessel is one of six CGM Ural that berthed at the VICT currently deployed on the South-East Brendan Bourke, CEO Port of facility in the Port of Melbourne. Asia - Australia trade route called the Melbourne, said the arrival of CMA CGM Ural is an indicator of the durability The following media release was ‘AAX1’. It commenced its 42-day round- trip in Malaysia, calling at Singapore. It of Australia-Asia trade, despite the provided by Port of Melbourne. then made its way around Australia’s challenges presented by COVID19 and recent natural disasters. It demonstrates south-west coast and arrived into the port’s ability to accommodate the Melbourne’s Webb Dock for handling by next generation of global container terminal operator Victoria International vessels. Container Terminal (VICT). “The arrival of CMA CGM Ural shows Named after the Ural mountain range Port of Melbourne’s capacity to that runs from north to south through service the growing number of bigger western Russia, the vessel can carry up vessels we’ll see into the future. PoM’s to 10622 TEU, with containers stacked operations have undergone signifcant up to 12 high on-deck. change over the years including automation, changes to supply chains, Compared to the 4,500 TEU carried by and to the infrastructure that supports the average container ship currently them.”

12 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders “We’re always looking at ways to leverage the signifcant capability of our operations. We’ve developed a 30-year strategy that addresses PoM’s critical role as part of an interconnected network of physical infrastructure, commercial systems and land-uses,” he said. Anthony Orgill, General Manager Asia ANZ Lines, ANL, said the arrival of the vessel was signifcant for the shipping industry. “By implementing larger container ships into our services, we can support clients operating between Australia, South East Asia and beyond. Today’s occasion marks a fantastic milestone as a business and as an industry, highlighting our ongoing evolution to accommodate increasing demand, population growth and Patrick Chan, Chief Commercial Sal Milici, Head of Border & Biosecurity - productivity,” he said. Ofcer - VICT FTA / APSA Tim Vancampen, CEO, VICT, stressed the arrival of CMA CGM Ural highlights the “VICT is well equipped to accommodate growth of the shipping industry and brings this class of vessels ranging from 10,500 further economies of scale to the Victorian – 13,000 TEU and plans to further invest market and supply chain. in the Port of Melbourne to accommodate the next generation of vessel ranging from “VICT welcomes the 10,622 TEU CMA 15,000 to 18,000 TEU. We will ensure that CGM Ural as the largest capacity vessel Port of Melbourne will continue to fulfl its to call at the Port of Melbourne and role as the main gateway to Victoria, and congratulates all parties involved,” he consolidate and expand its position in the Media inquiries Michelle Hindson, said. global shipping network.” Port of Melbourne, 0414 207 049

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Connectivity to Intermodal terminals: Our 30 Year Masterplan shows that 80 per Port Botany On-Track cent of containers moving through Port Botany are delivered to locations within a 40km radius of the port. As such, port rail to Support NSW shuttles are essential to help move more of the freight task to and from Western and South Western Sydney freight Connecting NSW and Australia with the global marketplace is the foundation precincts and to reduce truck growth on Sydney’s roads. of Port Botany. For this reason, we are investing $250 million to develop the Enfeld Intermodal Logistics Centre including an intermodal terminal and logistics warehouses connected by dedicated freight rail to Port Botany. The intermodal terminal, operated by LINX Cargo Care, and seven warehouses are now fully operational, with other warehouse precincts currently under construction. Along with Cooks River and other intermodal terminals, these facilities will act as logistics hubs on the corridor to the growing Western Sydney and regional areas. Port Botany Freight Line Duplication: ARTC’s $400 million project to duplicate the remaining 2.9 km freight rail single track section of the Port Botany Rail Just 40 years ago, the port was built Line between Mascot and Botany to enable NSW to handle containers – and construction of a passing loop the new form of goods transport at the on the Southern Sydney Freight Line time. Today, Port Botany has cemented at Cabramatta will further provide the its position as Australia’s premier port, terminals, Port Botany creates efciencies capacity required to meet the forecast importing goods to service the people and for importers and exporters by removing rail demand generated by the supply businesses of NSW and exporting goods the need for double handling by trucks. chain activities of regional NSW and to the global marketplace. In fact, 42 per metropolitan intermodal terminals, Together with the stevedores, we are cent of all goods in a Sydney household including Enfeld Intermodal Terminal, investing in a staged program to increase have been imported in a container through Moorebank Intermodal Terminal and future ‘on-dock’ rail capacity to deliver a total of Port Botany. It is also Australia’s largest intermodal terminals in Western Sydney. 3 million TEU rail capacity at the port. common user bulk liquids facility, handling A sustainable future fuel and gas. The frst stage involves $190 million investment at Patrick Terminals – Sydney With ongoing investment in supply Planning for NSW’s growing trade AutoStrad, with $120 million from NSW chain efciency, sustainability and a volumes Ports to deliver on-dock rail infrastructure continued focus on optimising port and Currently Port Botany handles 99 per and $70 million from Patrick Terminals terminal capacity, Port Botany will be well cent of NSW’s container volume, or 2.5M to deliver automated rail operating equipped to support the State’s growing TEUs. Yet NSW Government forecasts equipment. The project commenced in needs for the next 40 years and beyond. estimate that Port Botany could be 2019 and will double the existing port- handling over 7.3 million TEUs by 2056. side rail capacity to deliver 1.5 million TEU when it is complete in 2023. The Rail is a fundamental part of our strategy project will deliver signifcant benefts for to sustainably support this growth. Our importers and exporters with 33% faster long-term goal is to move 3 million TEUs turnaround times, decreased reliance per year by rail, which is about 40% For more media information please contact NSW on truck transportation and increased Ports on 0410 597 547 or vida.cheeseman@nswports. of future forecast volumes. We have a rail windows. Investment will follow at com.au signifcant program of works underway DP World Australia and Hutchison Ports to help us achieve this goal. This is About NSW Ports NSW Ports manages Port Australia when the stevedores are ready Botany and Port Kembla, key export and import supported by rail infrastructure investment to invest with NSW Ports. gateways connecting to global markets, and the by Government and port and logistics Enfeld Intermodal Logistics Centre and the Cooks operators. Some of the key projects Using rail, together with trucks, to move River Intermodal Terminal. NSW Ports is a private consortium of leading institutional investors: IFM include: containerised freight will also reduce Investors (including Cbus, HESTA and Hostplus), the growth of trucks on Sydney’s road AustralianSuper, Tawreed Investments Limited and Port Botany on-dock rail: network. For every 1 million TEU moved Q Super. Our shareholders represent over six million Australian superannuation fund members and are long As the only port in the nation with on- by rail the number of trucks around the term investors with interests in a range of Australian dock rail at all three of its container port are reduced by 900 trucks per day. infrastructure assets.

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The tank container – a valuable asset to be treated with care

By MIKE YARWOOD – Senior Claims Executive, TT Club

Having a deep heritage in the The versatility of the tank container for (7.88%) versus 2018 (10.81%), partially insurance of maritime containers, TT both transport and storage can deliver refected by the fall in global trading Club has an intimate understanding efciencies over traditional parcel tankers conditions experienced by many sectors and drums, infuencing how supply of the container shipping industry. of the tank container sector, with a chains develop, providing additional Positively, the global tank container current insurable interest in around efciencies and fexibility. However, feet continues to expand, attributed 53% of the global tank container feet. the multimodal transport of liquid and to shippers recognising the benefts of Here, Michael Yarwood of TT Club solid cargoes can present operational shipping their cargoes in tank containers ofers important advice to those in challenges for all stakeholders in the (in favour of drums or parcel tankers). the chemical logistics business on supply chain. The survey reports strong growth for the secure and efcient use of tank The tank container is a multimodal cargo Chinese domestic bulk liquid movement as well as intra-Asia trade. containers. transport unit (CTU), suitable for the carriage of both hazardous and non- The report notes that the number of hazardous cargoes. Due to its robust tank containers produced in 2019 was design and durability the tank container lower than in 2018, further suggesting has become recognised as a highly safe, that there will be challenges ahead for cost efcient, fexible and environmentally manufacturers unless the market sees a friendly means of transporting liquids and signifcant turnaround. The survey shows chemicals globally, allowing seamless that, in 2019, a total of 54,650 tank transfer between all land and sea modes. containers were built (predominantly in In March of this year the International China), compared to 59,700 in 2018 – a Tank Container Organisation (ITCO) decrease of some 5,000 units. released its 2020 Global Tank Container Considering the widespread use of tank Fleet Report¹. This annual survey containers, often carrying hazardous reported that there were in excess chemicals or other sensitive cargoes, of 600,000 U.N. portable tanks (tank TT Club has found that the frequency containers) in the global feet at the of claims generally is low. Analysis end of 2019. The report provides a of claims experience evidences the valuable breakdown of the current common errors and misconceptions global feet, coupled with an overview which can result in the deterioration of both the historic and future trends or total loss of the cargo and damage and developments of the tank container to the tank container equipment itself. industry. Most frequent are allegations of cargo While, of course, covering a period contamination. Whilst there are a number prior to the COVID-19 pandemic – the of potential causes, an area of focus 2020 survey highlights a slowdown in is the sufciency of cleaning of the unit the growth of the global feet in 2019 following discharge of cargo.

1 https://www.international-tank-container.org/storage/uploads/ITCO_2020_Global_Fleet_Report_Final_18_March_2020.pdf

16 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders In order to avoid such issues, it is to be assessed. Apart from identifying a tanks. Informed by typical incidents, the imperative to ensure that the last carried competent cleaning station, successful document is structured in such a way that cargo is fully removed from the tank cleaning will require complete and it follows the natural chronology of the container before the next cargo is loaded. informative instructions, including the transport chain in order to provide ease Efective cleaning after each carried full identifcation of the last commodity of access. The publication incorporates consignment is therefore of paramount carried. several pieces of valuable operational importance. Certain types of tank container can reference material, with references to the The transport of certain products may give rise to additional challenges for the applicable regulations, concluding with require additional internal cleaning, cleaning process. For example, units ftted a 13-point checklist aimed at supporting including removal of valves and changing with surge/bafe plates have a greater consistent and successful outcomes for of contaminated seals and gaskets, to surface area to clean due to the additional the tank container supply chain. prevent contamination of the next cargo. internal structure and the areas where the As part of the pre-trip inspection, the bafe plates are fxed present particular cleanliness of the tank container should difculties. be checked to ensure that it meets the In order to provide greater understanding requirement of the shipper, especially for those businesses entering or on the where certain prior cargoes are banned or periphery of the industry, TT Club has the cargo to be transported has particular collaborated with a number of experts sensitivities. to produce new guidance focused on The availability of a suitable cleaning managing risks in the tank container station should be taken into account prior supply chain. to a cargo being accepted for transport; This latest addition to the StopLoss² certain cargoes may not be able to be series is intended to be a practitioner’s processed. The cost and risks inherent in good practice guide covering all transporting the tank container in ‘empty/ stakeholders through the tank container dirty’ condition to a location where there transport chain whether operating, is a suitable cleaning station also need flling, discharging, cleaning or handling

² https://www.ttclub.com/news-and-resources/publications/stoploss/stoploss-22---tank-containers/

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Spring 2020 I Across Borders I17 SHIPPING

Western Australia takes bold move towards new container port

While much of the country has been paralysed by COVID-19 and its devastating economic impacts, the Western Australian State Government is investing in long-term planning for a future freight network designed to meet that State’s needs for the next 50 years or more.

It has endorsed the Westport Taskforce’s recommendation that a future container port be developed in the existing Kwinana Industrial Area, south of Perth, and it be connected by an uninterrupted freight corridor that efectively rings the city – taking heavy container trucks of suburban roads. The recommendation has been more than two years in the making and is the work of a multi-agency, multi-disciplinary project ofce supported by an expert consultant team – an unprecedented cross-government, industry and community engagement. An additional $97.2 million has been committed to progress environmental works, detailed design and a fnal business case. “Fremantle Port has served our State for the last one hundred years, it’s now time to plan Imagining a future container port: a computer generated and build the next big piece of economic image of one possible high-level design (indicative only) infrastructure that sets our State up for the next century,” said Premier Mark McGowan both ports share the freight task for a further The most rigorous investigation into WA’s in making the announcement. 15 years. freight needs in the State’s history marks a Now is the time to plan and build the next new beginning for the Westport team. Independent Chair of the Westport big piece of economic infrastructure to Taskforce Nicole Lockwood said the fnal It will now apply the same evidence-based set WA up for the next century. Some $25 recommendations both focus on Kwinana as approach to far more detailed work to build million of the $97.2 million in funding has the ultimate location of a new land-backed a business case over the next four years, for been allocated for planning, corridor design port capable of handling up to 3.8 million consideration by Infrastructure Australia. and community and landowner engagement TEU in the long-term. along what will be the main road connection Detailed design, the protection of land for into the port (Anketell and Thomas roads). “Those recommendations were based on future port and supply chain connections, the environment, and industry and One of the key decisions ahead will be the outcome of years of work including a community engagement including with the timetable for transitioning the freight review of past planning, signifcant technical task from Fremantle Port to Kwinana. The data collection, extensive consultation, two Aboriginal Elders and groups will all be transition will occur either in one step by detailed multi-criteria analyses (MCAs), a priorities. rapid cost-beneft analysis and a strategic 2032, or over a phased period that will see Ultimately, WA is working towards a 21st risk analysis,” she said. century facility, embracing the latest in port “Priorities such as the marine and terrestrial design to create the capability to take the environment, commercial and economic world’s largest ships, and new technology to costs and benefts, social impacts, heritage increase efciency and reduce environmental and land use were heavily weighted.” impacts. The Fremantle experience underlines the The Westport Taskforce’s fnal Stage 2 report importance of supply chain infrastructure. is available at www.mysaytransport.wa.gov. Westport’s planning allows for the efcient au/Westport distribution of up to 2.6M TEU by road and up to 1.2M TEU by rail, by 2068. The new port and upgraded rail corridors will remove network constraints and make expansion of Intermodal Terminal (IMT) facilities viable – a likely catalyst for private Nicole Lockwood, Independent sector investment in IMT capacity and Chair of Westport” improved network integration.

18 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders The Curve of Confusion

By BRETT CHARLTON, Chairman – Tasmanian Logistics Committee

If NASA issued a press release saying The above said however, there always into this at Commonwealth and State that there is a space craft heading our seems to be a way and in the majority levels and we have recently embarked way then it would probably appear of cases the champions of our industry on a survey program to understand are trying to plow through the issues if industry have an awareness of the on page seven at the moment and on an hourly basis and by and large action areas, whether industry consider you would skip over it to the next have had some success. When level governments are working on ‘the right COVID-19 story. 4 was announced in Melbourne there things’ to deliver results and how was concern around how the impact well industry believes the actions are of distribution centres would impact Seriously though, I am sure everyone progressing. From my perspective, one the supply chain to and from Tasmania. at some point has contemplated the of the challenges will be how the focus There was an underlying understanding on the action areas will change as a mental health side of this mad time on that the essentials like food and our planet and never has a concept such result of COVID-19. It is an interesting basic supplies would be ticked of as and important role - I cannot help but as “R U OK? Day” been as relevant as all ok, but the construction industry now. Taking the time to ask someone feel a sense of pride in being involved was concerned. Some timber supply in the future direction of the freight and how they are doing at the moment is a companies were contemplating not being deeper conversation than the traditional supply chain at a National level (it is also able to deliver timber into Melbourne nice to be representing Tasmania in this Aussie shallow greeting of “how ‘ya goin” and whilst obviously devastating from as well). and an extra couple of minutes having that industry’s perceptive, some of the a genuine conversation is something trucking companies were contemplating Like most of us I expect, I am reading that can go a long way – it is certainly a potential 60% reduction in drivers as reports on reports from various sources something that I have found to be more a result. Trailers moving timber north to as well as webinars and conference calls prevalent in day to day communications the big island are used to bringing things around what the future looks like. It is a at the moment. We are all in this mess back (obviously) so for a while there brave person that can categorically make together. some real concern was being raised a statement around what their position about empty equipment fows between is. From my point of view, I certainly Speaking of a mess, there isn’t a day Tasmania and the mainland. hope that stability and cooperation that goes by at the moment where emerge as the position of choice for the grey hairs on my beard don’t get Whilst everyone was thinking about food all, as if there was ever a time this was a little lighter. Equipment and space and necessities, some were thinking needed it is now. shortages in various ports, industrial about how a potential lack of trailers action, weather, increased infrastructure over Bass Strait may impact such things I sincerely wish for you, your families surcharges, maddening upward curves as packaging for wine, honey, beer etc. and co-workers all the best for this (everything has a curve now) of import By all accounts, it seems that the timber concerning time that we fnd ourselves freight rates mixed with the day to business has been able to accommodate in. day contemplation of “what does this the level 4 scenarios and trailers are lockdown level in this area mean” is a moving – but who knows what will whirlpool of complexity that has to be happen next week. Discussions with navigated because freight forwarders, customers indicate they are defnitely transport companies and related supply looking to increase their on-island stock chain services are now the superheroes holdings of packaging “just in case”. of the planet – but Darth Vader and his My recent appointment to the National mates are standing on every corner at Freight and Supply Chain Industry the moment just throwing bad voodoo in Reference Panel has been eye opening. front of everything. There is certainly a lot of work going

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I19 SHIPPING

able to view the truck processing capacity of the port ahead of time and book an appropriate timeslot by simply confrming the Fremantle port embracing container number and depot, with all other required information being auto-populated in Containerchain electronically by the shipping digitalisation with lines. Once created, the booking is then electronically dispatched to the depot outstanding results and the Driver mobility app used by each transporter, producing a completely digital and paperless exchange of information By ANDREW SMITH, General Manager – Containerchain between the parties with minimal manual data entry and reduced capacity for human For some time now, we have come to The Port of Fremantle identifed truck error. The use of eGate and Driver mobility, coupled with Notifcations, has delivered place signifcant value on digitalisation congestion as being one of the key areas complete visibility and accountability through common platforms that for improvement at the port, which is situated amongst ferry access to a popular beyond just GPS tracking and enabled all connect the landside and portside Western Australian tourist destination. By stakeholders to better predict and reduce sectors of the container logistics working with Containerchain since 2013 and turnaround times at an operational level, supply chain. Driven by common supporting the implementation of their eGate which has led to improved resource planning data-platforms and interoperable and Driver mobility products, as an extension and less port precinct congestion. technology solutions, gone are the of the already successful vehicle booking Containerchain’s General Manager for days of having to manually complete system, Notifcations, at the Empty Container Asia Pacifc, Andrew Smith said that the Parks (ECPs); the Port of Fremantle was adoption of digitisation and latest technology forms or enter the same data able to reduce truck congestion on roads products like Containerchain by the Port numerous times over, or having trucks surrounding the terminal by advocating with of Fremantle has provided signifcant waiting in queues only to be turned the shipping lines to communicate directly improvement in operational visibility, planning with the transport companies electronically in away due to incorrect documentation. and execution compared with other larger real-time to notify of delays. The introduction port precincts in Australia. “The eforts of of eGate put the onus on the shipping lines With a greater understanding of the value the Port of Fremantle and the transport and transporters to supply the information of data driven platforms and technology and depot community in implementing our electronically, requiring no further monitoring solutions from both shipping lines and integrated Containerchain solutions have or input from port stakeholder resources. landside transporters, it’s never been been signifcant and have led to signifcantly easier for the logistics industry to pinpoint The strong take up of Containerchain improved turn times and lower operating exactly where containerised freight is at products by industry has seen the Port of costs for truck operators, lower trafc any point throughout its journey. This Fremantle become a front runner in terms of congestion in and around the port precinct, adoption of digitisation has led not only EDI transactions, helping to create an insight and importantly, greater visibility and to increased visibility but also greater in to queuing and servicing of vehicles. proactive planning between cargo owners productivity, predictability and accountability and freight forwarders and their transport Fremantle Ports Logistics Manager Sue for companies within the supply chain to service providers for moving cargo.” abandon archaic processing methods and Hellyer said, “Containerchain Notifcations cater to what is expected by their customers and the associated eGate application is In recent times, the COVID-19 pandemic has as the ‘new normal’. currently the most widely used empty further amplifed the need for greater use container technology solution within the of technology within working environment’s The Port of Fremantle, currently fourth Fremantle port precinct, providing a platform as the world and its industries shift to a busiest in Australia, is at the forefront to regulate the fow of trafc and enables ‘new normal’ that rely on even less physical of adopting digitisation and technology ECPs to forecast and service industry interaction and more contactless and solutions with around 89% of its daily demand. digital driven processes. Having adopted delivery orders from its shipping line partners Containerchain’s Notifcations, eGate being received electronically and seamlessly The WA Port Operations Taskforce, along with Fremantle Ports, has had great success and Driver mobility products, the Port of into the key community-based landside in working with shipping lines and other Fremantle is already ahead of the curve in platform being Containerchain. industry participants to ensure that the ensuring a safe working environment using majority of delivery orders are provided in an contactless technology where possible for all electronic form. This support from shipping involved. lines has made Fremantle a frontrunner in this digital space, leading to greater efciencies for the container supply chain”. ABOUT THE ORGANISATION The eGate product has not only been a Containerchain is a technology company who provides success in reducing congestion around the a connected suite of cloud-based software applications port. Transport operators have benefted to the landside container and cargo logistics industry. from being able to see exactly where their Currently used in 9 countries and 20 ports globally, Containerchain’s cloud-based software solutions are trucks are in relation to the port precinct dedicated to simplifying operations, improving customer via eGate’s geofence technology, including service levels and driving down the cost of moving where they sat in queues to load or unload containers from port-to-door. containers, and the type of work they were Containerchain is a part of the WiseTech Global group, a undertaking. This, along with the use of leading developer and provider of software solutions to the Notifcations, has enabled transporters to logistics execution industry globally. plan their journeys more efciently by being Enquiries: www.containerchain.com

20 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders Unlock value and reduce inefficiency. NOTIFICATIONS

Containerchain’s Notifications Pre-arrival trip validation and processing of trucks product helps manage truck arrivals Efficient servicing and improved � and queuing whilst dynamically turnaround times optimising gate, dock and yard Reduce queues, control traffic and capacity during operations, delivering optimize capacity planning improved service levels at your facility. Increase profitability from improved service levels

Fully integrated with Containerchain’s transport & yard system and Wisetech Global’s Cargowise One

www.containerchain.com Spring 2020 I Across Borders I21 AIR CARGO

Welcome video from COO, Social distancing & updates, MORSE Code, DRIVE campaign, SMART competency assessments We are ensuring a PPE supply to keep teams safe, that follows applicable national regulations, regular inventory checks ensuring adequate stocks and a strong Tested supply chain. Finally, we are Cleaning & Disinfecting working environments, this includes Daily Cleaning and disinfection on high touch surfaces, Weekly Deep/enhanced cleaning program and Twice weekly Workplace Inspection and reporting. This plan allows us to safely and securely manage our business and most importantly protect our employees as much as possible. Emerging from From a cargo business perspective, we have seen fuctuating cargo volumes, largely based around charter activity and PPE requirements. Our expectation is a slight upturn in volumes in the second half of lockdown this year as airlines start to increase their schedules once more and seasonal peaks By BEAU PAINE - Regional Vice President Cargo – Australia, Menzies occur. However, it will take some time for Aviation cargo volumes to return to pre COVID-19 levels, so we are making the necessary adjustments to our various operating models Like all Aviation and logistics organisations, Menzies Aviation has not across our global network. We have not been idle during the pandemic and have been immune to the efects of COVID-19 and the impact of dramatically been fully engaged with all our customers reduced airline schedules. The last few months have been a steep confrming revised opening hours and station learning curve as our global organisation dealt with the ongoing impact capabilities as they change depending on that often necessitated an adjustment to our planning on a daily, and in the state and country lockdown regulations. We have also been successful in our some cases, an hourly basis. commercial activity and look forward to welcoming some new customers in key Cargo carried on passenger aircraft seats, Underpinned by the MORSE code cargo locations in the coming months. charter fights arriving with very little notice, (Menzies Operating Responsibly, Safely & System wise we are excited to announce the planning appropriate labour with many Securely), the response plan makes use delivery of Hermes 5 across our Australia employees on furlough has become our of digital comms, videos and introductions and New Zealand businesses. Hermes is cargo business over the recent period. from Senior Executives, dynamic risk our cargo management system and the assessments, coaching and active As we start to look to the future and plan new version will see added benefts for our monitoring to help deliver the C19 plan. as best we can with the available forecasts freight agents and airline partners. We have from our customers, we have put into place The fve key areas start with; also recently announced the deployment of a fve step response plan which is helping us Communication - Including a dedicated Descartes and Unilode Bluetooth readers to steer and emerge from COVID19. This intranet page for all employees, extranet to at our cargo facilities – these readers will plan covers all our global business including reach employees on furlough, C19 Video allow for real-time tracking of unit load cargo. general precautions, SLS alerts, posters and devices and aid in service delivery from pocket guides as well as Return to Work our cargo terminals. Both of these digital protocols. enhancements support our cargo strategy with innovation and provision of market We then ensure that all businesses Apply leading services. Social Distancing that also includes; Checklists for managers, Supervisors/ We have been adapting and seeking new leads Hi-Viz clothing with social distancing ways to work with the support of our global branding and SMART social distancing teams and are focused on looking to the checks included in Inspections. SMART future and supporting our customers, as we is our own auditing and inspection digital all look to emerge from the most challenging application that was developed in house and period our industry has ever faced. allows us to complete workplace inspections daily and track the results globally. We have also reviewed our Operational processes – A New Normal; this covers guidance for managers available through the Intranet, Contingency plans and Risk Assessment, Employee Reboarding -

22 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders New CEO appointed to lead Western Sydney Airport

Former Qantas International chief Mr Hickey said taking the reins of Mr Hickey has held senior executive executive ofcer and Lendlease chief Western Sydney Airport as the project roles at Lendlease and was chief enters a critical stage of delivery will be a executive ofcer of Qantas International fnancial ofcer Simon Hickey has challenging and rewarding experience. and Freight and Qantas Frequent Flyer. been appointed as the new CEO of For more than a decade he has served “Western Sydney International will mean on the board of the Sydney Children’s Western Sydney Airport. that for the frst time in Sydney, airlines Hospitals Foundation and is currently its and passengers will have a choice about deputy chair. WSA chair Paul O’Sullivan said Mr which airport they want to use,” he said. Hickey will draw on his more than 30 Headline priorities for Western Sydney “Introducing choice to Sydney’s aviation years of commercial, infrastructure Airport over the next 12 months include: and aviation experience to lead the market is a compelling proposition and organisation through the airport’s one that will lead to stronger outcomes • building momentum on the earthworks construction and into operation. for passengers, airlines and air cargo project, which will see around 1 million operators.” cubic metres of earth moved every “Western Sydney Airport has a very month; positive profle in local and overseas “My focus will be not only on building • fnalising the design of the airport’s aviation markets, which led to a very the infrastructure, but on building integrated international and domestic high level of interest in the CEO role the commercial proposition around passenger terminal precinct; from candidates across the world,” Mr passenger aviation, air cargo and our O’Sullivan said. on-airport business park.” • appointing a contractor to build the passenger terminal precinct following “It’s a great outcome that we found the “This project is about so much more a competitive tender, with terminal best person to lead one of the nation’s than terminals and runways, it’s the construction due to begin by the end of most signifcant infrastructure projects catalyst for jobs and investment in 2021; here in Australia.” Western Sydney.” • starting procurement of the remaining major job creating contracts, including construction of the runway and on- airport supporting infrastructure like internal roads, utilities and other buildings; • progressing the on-airport business park and starting the process of attracting employers across a range of industries to locate on the terminal’s doorstep. Western Sydney International is on track to begin operations in late 2026.

Media contact: Scott MacKillop 0404 020 476 [email protected]

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I23 AIR CARGO

Enhancements to Australia’s Domestic Air Cargo Security

By MATTHEW PEDLER, Assistant Secretary - Aviation Security Branch, Aviation and Maritime Security Division, Department of Home Afairs

The Australian Government has Collaboration – a key to success the enhanced security measures. The engagement from the air cargo security introduced measures to enhance A critical component of the successful industry was critical to the Department Australia’s domestic air cargo security implementation of the enhanced understanding the extent of the issue, domestic air cargo security measures settings. These enhanced security so as to work collaboratively with the measures commenced on 1 July was the high level of engagement industry to mitigate these impacts. 2020 and closely align with measures from our industry stakeholders. The It is crucial to the success of any project, previously introduced for export Department of Home Afairs (the Department) engaged extensively particularly in these uncertain times, air cargo on 1 March 2019. The with the air cargo security industry to have strong lines of communication enhanced security settings strengthen to co-design and implement the new between key stakeholders. That the Australia’s air cargo security measures. This included hosting air cargo security industry, together framework to ensure we remain ahead regional co-design workshops, forming with the Department, were able to of emerging threats to the safety and specialised working groups under the Air achieve implementation of the enhanced domestic air cargo security measures security of the Australian community Cargo Security Industry Advisory Forum and participating in bilateral discussions is testament to our joint commitment to through the air cargo stream. and meetings with industry participants. the security and prosperity of Australia. This joint efort serves as a model of how This direct engagement assisted the Security as an enabler government and industry can collaborate Department to develop the working to achieve common goals in the future The air transport and transport support model for implementing the enhanced Next steps services (which includes the freight security measures to give efect to the Government’s air cargo security policy. A forwarding industry) sectors are Our air cargo focus is now to implement signifcant beneft from this engagement signifcant contributors to the Australian the enhanced domestic air cargo was the working relationships that economy, generating over $9.5 and security measures at more locations have been developed over time, which across Australia, commencing on 1 July $22.7 billion of Industry Value Added were called upon when the COVID-19 2021. The Department will continue respectively in 2018-191. These industry pandemic and economic shutdown to engage with the air cargo security sectors are also important to our way threatened to delay implementation. industry in the coming months to of life as prolifc travellers, as well as COVID-19 impacts implement these measures. facilitating the movement of essential I’d like to take this opportunity to thank goods to sustain our communities and The COVID-19 pandemic continues to all of our industry partners for your provide jobs. have wide-ranging impacts across the global economy. Factory shutdowns ideas, cooperation and commitment to The recent COVID-19 pandemic has overseas and delays in the movement improving Australia’s air cargo security brought into sharp focus the need for a of cargo to Australia impacted, in some framework. I look forward to continuing our engagement on air cargo security secure, safe and viable aviation and air cases, the air cargo security industry’s policy in the near future. cargo industry to support our economic ability to procure vital equipment to and social prosperity. By strengthening implement the enhanced domestic air Further information about aviation and Australia’s domestic air cargo security cargo security measures. air cargo security is available on the Department’s website. settings we are committing to securing Despite these challenges, the our prosperity by further safeguarding Department and the air cargo security https://www.homeafairs.gov.au/about- key industry sectors that are enablers of industry were able to band together and us/our-portfolios/transport-security/air- economic activity and growth. work through these issues to implement cargo-and-aviation

1 Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Industry – 8155.0, released 29 May 2020.

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Workplace Mental Health

By LEANNE LEWIS, Managing Director – Insync Personnel

Mental Health within the workplace has never been as important as it is today! Did you know that one in 5 Australian workers is currently experiencing a mental health condition? That should be no surprise with all that is going on in the world. Who Is Insync Personnel

Unemployment Rates (15+) by State and Territory, June 2020 (%) As the owner of a recruitment agency and We are a specialist recruitment agency that has provided recruitment solutions with the unemployment rate forecast to hit 11%, I fnd that extremely distressing both to the International Transport & Logistics industry successfully for 10 years. personally and professionally. Our recruitment consultants have 'hands on' experience within the International Transport & It felt like overnight that myself and my team transitioned from Recruitment Consultants to Logistics industry, ensuring a successful match between client and candidate across both Counsellors. The amount of people that we permanent and temporary positions. have heard from that have been extremely afected by COVID-19 is distressing and Administration Importers quite hard to hear day after day. Aviation Logistics So, I wanted to share some insight into Commodity Trading Management what I think can assist both Employers and Employees to work through this tough Customs Brokerage Shipping Lines period in all of our lives. Exporters Supply Chain Employers Freight Forwarding Warehousing (Permanent) Healthy workplaces promote mental health and wellbeing. They are positive and productive and get the best out of everyone Why Should You Work With Us in the workplace. Businesses that care about good mental health and wellbeing attract Insync Personnel's differentiator is simple... Insync Personnel works with you rather than for you. and keep top talent because they’re great Employees are the organisations most While much of our working environment is We are proud of our strict recruitment policy which ensures all clients and candidates are places to work. The facts are clear: as well important asset. determined by others, individually we can managed with individual needs kept in mind. as benefting employees, a mentally healthy take steps that will help to protect and Creating a mentally healthy workplace workplace is also better for your bottom line. enhance our mental health and wellbeing. needs to be as important for organisations We are selective as to whom we partner with as we believe that representing quality, like minded A healthy workplace provides a positive ROI. as creating a physically healthy workplace. Below are some strategies for managing companies and candidates is paramount to our overall success. Research has shown that for every dollar you Ultimately, workplace health is a leadership your work role. spend creating a mentally healthy workplace issue, and change must start at the top. • Set realistic deadlines and deliver on time can, on average, result in a positive return Organisational leaders play a critical role in • Take your annual leave on investment of 2.3. driving policies and practices that promote Our Service Philosophy mental health. They are able to positively • Switch of your technology These benefts are derived from a infuence workplace culture, management • Flexible working arrangements At Insync Personnel we are passionate about delivering an overall favourable result. We are reduction in reduced productivity at work, practices and the experience of employees. absenteeism, and compensation claims. • Find ways to reduce stress here to provide you with the right option when it comes to recruitment, be it staff or a position Employees Staf will be more engaged. COVID-19 has forced all of us to rethink you seek. Work can make us feel good about the way we not only work but also live in Investing in creating a more mentally healthy ourselves and give us a sense of purpose; our “new” day to day lives. Be mindful of Candidate Sourcing We do not headhunt or poach staff workplace is benefcial to all staf. As a it’s an important way to help us to protect what you say to someone and how you say result, employees will be more engaged, and improve our mental health and it because no one knows what the other is Confidentiality 100% guaranteed more motivated, morale will be higher, and wellbeing. However, sometimes work and life going through right now. Guarantee 6 month candidate guarantee staf will be more willing to go above and stress can negatively afect our mental health Stay Safe! Multiple consultants working with you beyond the requirements of their role. and our ability to do our jobs. Teamwork All of this will add even more to your return Many of us spend a large part of our days on investment and makes for a happier and at work so your workplace and how we Connect with Insync Personnel on LinkedIn, Facebook and Instagram! healthier workplace that will retain good go about doing our work has a substantial staf. impact on our mental health. www.insyncpersonnel.com.au 1300insync (467 962)

26 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders By LEANNE LEWIS, Managing Director – Insync Personnel

Who Is Insync Personnel

We are a specialist recruitment agency that has provided recruitment solutions to the International Transport & Logistics industry successfully for 10 years.

Our recruitment consultants have 'hands on' experience within the International Transport & Logistics industry, ensuring a successful match between client and candidate across both permanent and temporary positions.

Administration Importers Aviation Logistics Commodity Trading Management Customs Brokerage Shipping Lines Exporters Supply Chain Freight Forwarding Warehousing (Permanent) Why Should You Work With Us

Insync Personnel's differentiator is simple... Insync Personnel works with you rather than for you. We are proud of our strict recruitment policy which ensures all clients and candidates are managed with individual needs kept in mind.

We are selective as to whom we partner with as we believe that representing quality, like minded companies and candidates is paramount to our overall success. Our Service Philosophy At Insync Personnel we are passionate about delivering an overall favourable result. We are here to provide you with the right option when it comes to recruitment, be it staff or a position you seek.

Candidate Sourcing We do not headhunt or poach staff Confidentiality 100% guaranteed Guarantee 6 month candidate guarantee Teamwork Multiple consultants working with you

Connect with Insync Personnel on LinkedIn, Facebook and Instagram!

www.insyncpersonnel.com.au 1300insync (467 962) Spring 2020 I Across Borders I27 BUSINESS OPERATIONS

SALTA’S $50 MILLION DANDENONG SOUTH INTERMODAL TERMINAL UNDERWAY

Salta Properties and the Victorian Nexus Dandenong South is home to the development of a working apron Government have signed an major users of freight infrastructure providing the terminal a capacity to agreement to jointly fund the including Woolworths’ $215 million deliver an initial annual throughput of Melbourne South Regional Distribution 100,000 TEU. Dandenong South Intermodal Terminal. Centre, Bunnings’ 40,000m2 Regional Salta Founding Director Sam Tarascio Distribution Centre, plus major logistics Snr said he was delighted to reach businesses, Visa Global Logistics and The Federal Government and the Silk Contract Logistics. an agreement with the Victorian Victorian Government will jointly invest Government after investing millions $28 million on government owned land Signifcant capacity exists for additional developing the Nexus Dandenong South to connect rail to Salta’s site boundary tenants to co locate at the estate. They Intermodal Estate. will beneft strategically from being as part of its objective to retain Victoria’s adjacent to the Dandenong South “We have been working extensively with status as the number one destination for Intermodal Terminal. Salta anticipates the State Government to get to this containerised freight in Australia. the value of new development on the point and it is satisfying to know that the facility will be connected directly with the Salta will concurrently invest more than estate to exceed $1 billion over the next three to fve years. Port of Melbourne,” Mr Tarascio said. $50 million to construct the Dandenong “This has been a long-term project, South Intermodal Terminal to be Work will start early in 2021 on what will where we set out to work with industry located on Salta’s 180-hectare Nexus become Melbourne’s biggest Intermodal and government to provide the best Dandenong South Intermodal Estate. Terminal, enabling the efcient movement of thousands more containers possible inland port infrastructure to Salta’s additional investment is on top through the Port of Melbourne (PoM). Melbourne’s south east, providing of having already spent in excess of an efcient route to market for both The frst phase of the project is importers and exporters.” $200 million for land, road, and other expected to take just 24 months from infrastructure works, in anticipation of works commencement and will include “Over the past 15 years, Salta has the Intermodal Terminal. the laying of 800m of rail track and developed plans to increase freight capacity in the outer Melbourne area. Operations at PoM are limited by the availability and capacity of trucks to transport freight via road causing serious congestion in and around the PoM.” “Salta’s new rail freight terminal will provide opportunities for operators to switch freight transport from road to rail. This will ease congestion, reduce costs, and provide greater opportunities for imports and exports in the South-east of Melbourne,” he said. City of Greater Dandenong Mayor, Cr. Jim Memeti, said his Council was elated to see this project come to fruition. “We are incredibly excited to be working closely with Salta and the State Government to deliver this much needed infrastructure project within our city”, Cr Memeti said. “Not only will this beneft local business and industry, but will also provide new employment opportunities for residents

28 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders across the south east region. The many b. Reduced supply-chain costs for c. Usage of the Dandenong South benefts of this project will be recognised importers and exporters in the region, with Intermodal Terminal will signifcantly for years to come and will provide a rail providing a cheaper and more reliable reduce the number of trucks traversing welcome boost to our business economy.” alternative to road freight. Melbourne’s freeways and arterial roads. Also welcoming the announcement was c. Earlier access to import containers, The shift towards a more environmentally Vonda Fenwick, CEO of South East resulting in reduced costs to importers friendly mode of freight transport will lead Melbourne Manufacturers’ Alliance who and a greater ability for importers to meet to a reduction in carbon emissions. Rail said the Inland Port ofered a cost- the demands of industry in the south-east. linehaul of containers via the Dandenong efective alternative to road transport. South Intermodal Terminal will lead to d. A more reliable export supply chain, a 63% reduction in fuel consumption “It will also beneft the South East by which will reduce whole of transport and a 66% quantity reduction in carbon reducing trafc congestion and taking costs, reduce the incidence of exports dioxide equivalent tonnes emitted for the container transport vehicles of the missing vessel cut-of times and improve containers concerned. Monash Freeway and arterial roads,” Ms supply chain efciency. Fenwick said. 4. Jobs: 2. For Tenants at the Estate: The construction of the rail tracks a. 1,000 direct construction jobs and a. Priority access to the Intermodal and container terminal will generate 1,800 indirect construction jobs. Terminal. employment in the area with a positive b. 1,600 on-going direct jobs and 4,500 economic fow-on to the broader b. Elimination of one transport leg, Dandenong community. delivering signifcant savings. on-going indirect jobs operating and supporting the terminal The terminal will eventually have expansive c. Reduced reliance and demand on the storage facilities for both empty and full Monash Freeway, which is at capacity and For further information: containers consisting of 110,000 square very vulnerable to long disruptions. Tori Cook 0412 647 773 metres of hard stand, with the ability for [email protected] 3. For the Community Generally: two additional rail spurs within the terminal to service increased demand. a. An initial reduction of in excess of 150 truck trips on the Monash Freeway per The Dandenong South Intermodal day increasing to in excess of 300 once Terminal will deliver the following benefts: the terminal is fully operational. 1. For the South East Region: b. Less truck trips means less pollution, a. Cementing the South East Region as a increased road safety, and reduced key region for signifcant import / export wear and tear on the State’s critical road businesses to locate. network.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I29 BUSINESS OPERATIONS

2020 and the Post- Pandemic Economy

By PAUL BETTANY, Collinson FX

Introduction This was successful in allowing medical until the bulk of the Government support logistics to become more prepared for is withdrawn, that the true cost to the Markets have been overwhelmed by the the onslaught. The impact on economies economy, will be realised. The job losses global pandemic and the associated and national balance sheets have been economic costs. The pandemic origins in and bankruptcies will be on a scale extremely destructive. The resources China, commencing at the end of 2019, not seen in a lifetime. The fscal and of countries have been directed at have consumed the global economy. monetary response will result in a level control and containment. The search for The ‘frst wave’ ravaged Europe and of indebtedness not seen since the last treatments, cures and a possible vaccine then the USA, from February and has World War. This is an inter-generational has been a global quest and has shown since spread across the globe. The crises and needs a recovery of epic mixed success. dreaded ‘second wave’ is now upon proportions. us and solutions are being sought. The ‘second wave’ is now upon us The Post-Pandemic Economy The devastation caused to the global and the approach has been nuanced. economy has been unprecedented and The US has refused to go back into 2020 has been dominated by the will be long lasting. lock-down and is attacking the virus pandemic and the global economic fall outbreaks on a more local level. This out, but attention must now focus on The Pandemic has allowed the uninfected parts of the recovery and rebuilding. Treatments, The frst wave of the virus ripped through country to re-open their economies while cures and vaccines will be in the mix, but global economies, leaving in its wake imposing restrictions on the hotspots. the world economy must now move into economic devastation, not seen since Europe has adopted a similar approach recovery mode, with planning around World War 2. The nature of the virus was to combating the second wave. key fscal and monetary stimulus. Europe not understood and its unique character The Australian and New Zealand and the USA are fast moving towards demanded extreme and urgent actions experience has been completely ‘herd immunity’ which would efectively from Governments. Most western diferent. The geographically isolated end the health crises. The timing of countries reacted with lockdowns, to advantage paid dividends and the late the global economic recovery will be attempt to bend the curve, allowing arrival of the virus to the antipodes, determined by the extent and duration resources to be accumulated to combat has been a huge advantage, allowing of the second wave, treatments, cures the novel virus. planning and preparation based on and vaccines. It appears as though actual events in Europe and the USA. the ‘V-shaped’ recovery may be too The second wave has been a shock, ambitious, but the certainty is that the as it hit harder than the frst round recovery is coming, even it is in the form in Victoria, enabled by the State of a “U” or ‘L’? The supply chain will be Governments mismanagement of the diferent. The dominance of the Chinese quarantine. The response was equally as as the ‘factory of the world’ will change, draconian as the in the frst round, with as they sufer the consequences of their a strict lock-down accompanied by a role in the spread of the pandemic. war-like curfew. The Japanese, Americans and The Economic Impact Europeans are looking to move their The economic impact had been manufacturing bases away from mitigated by early and extreme actions China and this will add diversity to taken by Governments, in terms of, global manufacturing and demand for fscal bailouts/support and monetary resources. Supply chains (for ‘essential stimulus. This cushioned the initial blow products and services’) which had from economic lockdowns in the frst previously been of-shored, will be re- wave. The economic consequences located within key national borders as will be devastating and long lasting, security for medical supplies, drugs etc., considering the fnancial and social must be protected. The world economy costs, already sustained. It will not be will change.

30 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders The international exchange of goods Fiscal benevolence will result in a level The key Geo-Political event that will and services have sufered serious of indebtedness not seen by many drive markets for the remainder of this disruptions, through the damage to Western countries since World War year is the US Presidential election. airline industries and impairments to 2. This will need to be addressed by This outcome and Sino/US relationship, following the election, will be key global shipping. These essential trading Governments, but by long-term GDP to the global supply chain and the services will return to a ‘new normal’ growth, rather than balanced short-term world’s economic recovery. The US/ and trade will come roaring back, under budgets. Record low interest rates will China trade agreement is well and truly a diferent guise. ensure this is an afordable strategy, but in the rear-view mirror and Chinese Markets global stimulus must take precedence responsibility for the virus has come over debt/defcit dilemma’s, to ensure under the microscope. The US has Global equities sufered a sudden the post pandemic recovery. imposed sanctions on Chinese ofcials, dramatic collapse, due to the pandemic, social media and manufacturers. This but have steadily recovered all lost The US Dollar as a safe haven currency, relationship is a major threat to the ground. Interest rates have been was bought up strongly during the peak existing supply chain and therefore the eliminated as a positive force, as Central of the crises, but as economic certainty US election becomes ‘the’ major event Banks ensure unprecedented and and confdence return to global markets, in the second half of 2020. massive monetary stimulus, making demand for the Big-Dollar has subsided. debt afordable and serviceable. The Concerted fscal and monetary stimulus lack of growth and infation have will be a feature of the recovery and ensured interest rate pressures remain will transition into a booming global minimal. recovery.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I31 BUSINESS OPERATIONS

The Future of The Workplace – The Impact of COVID-19

By ERIN GAFFNEY - Senior Employment Relations Adviser, Employsure

COVID-19 has created numerous In a number of cases, employers attended online seminars, and even changes across society, most notably have learned that staf can complete gone through training over the internet, in the workplace. Eventually, a vaccine their work from locations other than rather than having to attend in-person classes. will be created, and people will not their typical workplace. As we are now seeing, and will continue to necessarily need to work from home Some employees have sought out see as restrictions lift across many opportunities to engage in that important anymore. Nevertheless, some will still organisations, employees will not make want the option to work from home, training, and I think we will be seeing a full return to work in the ofce the way more of that in the future. In some other and do so more often. Thanks to the they once did. cases, employers have used downtime health crisis and shutdowns, many Instead their employers can ofer to provide additional training to all of workers have made the space and additional fexibility. They can permit their employees. set up technology to pivot to remote employees to have more say over the Not only have more businesses learned working over the past several months. hours, or days they work in their normal the benefts of ofering virtual training workplace each week, while ofering options for their employees, but that In the cases where employees will employees the ability to work from training has been improved and refned. return to the workplace, employees will home as needed. Some employers may What is equally as important is that be eager to engage with one another shift the way they think about bringing organisations have found ways to cut again, after months of isolation. For employees into the ofce, including the costs associated with training. They planning purposes, ofces may focus shrinking the number of employees who have learned this is a more cost-efective more on providing employees with the actually work in the ofce each day, way to train staf, and as a result, opportunity to work together, rather than while others may simply provide their e-learning opportunities will increase as on each employee completing their job we move out of this crisis. each day in isolation. staf with more choices. Throughout the pandemic, employers COVID-19 has created unprecedented The past few months have allowed change around the world. Some of that employers to take a closer look at have become more aware of their role in keeping employees both physically and change will fade with time, as people what they really want their employees become less cautious and life goes back mentally healthy. As a result, workplace to accomplish each day and how it to normal. Other changes are here to wellness policies should be reviewed, impacts them. Employers have carefully stay. By preparing your workplace for and business owners need to make sure evaluated job roles and responsibilities a new normal, you can streamline your they are taking the right steps to protect as well as what it takes to fll those roles. response and make it easier to manage the overall health of their employees. They have learned exactly what jobs can those changes. be completed successfully from home, That means both an increased focus and what jobs beneft from in-person on hygiene in the ofce, as well as interactions in the workplace. improved policies designed to help with mental health. Employers should allow for more space to manage mental health concerns, including ofering the space to work from home when needed or providing employees with the space to air their troubles. About Employsure Employsure is one of Australia’s leading workplace E-learning has been a big opportunity advisory frm for SMEs, advising over 27,000 clients for SMEs this year, and many of them in Australia and New Zealand on workplace relations and workplace health & safety issues. It was have embraced the convenience it has founded in 2011 to help SMEs navigate changes to ofered with open arms. The shutdowns Australia’s complex industrial relations system with and restrictions have allowed people the introduction of the Fair Work Act. It does this via its advice line where businesses can speak with the opportunity to further their learning its team of 200 workplace relations specialist, and online. They have taken virtual classes, through onsite visits to their business

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By JAMES COTIS, Principal – Logical Insurance Brokers

At the time of writing, it appears that Logistics operators must be proactive Clearly, COVI9-19 presents one of the almost every day there are new state in fnding new ways to enhance their best business opportunities for cyber based lockdown provisions being business practices to protect these attackers that they have ever had. For enacted. Freight & Trade Alliance assets, and this will require new ways of example, if you are concerned about (FTA) and other industry associations thinking and acting for many. COVID-19, you might want to read about are providing excellent advocacy to therapies, vaccines and research. It would governments to ensure that the logistics Now more than ever, companies need to be easy to present websites that were industry can continue to operate, demonstrate good company structure, trying to position that sort of information importing, exporting and transporting risk management frameworks and diligent and do it with malicious intent. much needed goods from, to and management. A useful analogy as to the potential throughout Australia. Although it is doubtful that owners exposures would be that although face and directors of logistics companies masks are like IT frewalls, neither are are expected to predict every possible fully reliable in preventing bugs from As an industry, logistics operators event, it is submitted that they should spreading. Anti-virus software is like a have accepted that the world has have structures and plans in place that vaccine but, just as old vaccines don’t changed because of COVID-19 and are resilient and allow sensible decision- work against COVID-19, anti-virus they are adapting to meet the new making through a major disruption or software is inefective against novel cyber challenges. crisis event. viruses. However, given that COVID-19 As Warren Bufet, arguably one the A recent example of an attack has changed the landscape so world’s most successful investors, has experienced by a logistics operator dramatically, logistics operators are said: involved one of the latest versions of exposed to new risks and as a result, ransomware, called MAZE, which not only are encouraged to think about how • risk comes from not knowing what encrypts (locks) data fles, it also extracts they now operate. you’re doing, and the data & sends it to the cyber criminals. Whilst physical assets such as ofces, • predicting rain doesn’t count, A signifcant ransom was paid to unlock warehouses & trucking feets remain building arks does. the fles and retrieve the data. a focus for many, recognition of their Many would have read about the cyber- “intangible assets” and how much With that in mind, one of the emerging risks we are observing relates to attack on Maersk a few years ago and they represent a logistics company’s more recently, the two ransomware value has come as a hard awakening maintaining the integrity of Information Technology systems. attacks on Toll Logistics. After the event, for some. Toll Group managing director, Thomas In attempting to keep their employees Knudsen, was quoted as saying that safe during COVID-19, many logistics cybercrime posed “an existential threat operators have embraced remote working for organisations of all sizes, making it to avoid unnecessary public contact by more important than ever for business, their staf. This can expose information regulators and government to adopt a technology infrastructure to increasing united efort in combatting the very real cyber-attacks. risk it presents to the wider community”. Therefore, it is not surprising to learn Logistics operators should not be lulled that cyber criminals are exploiting the into a false sense of security because global focus on COVID-19 and the they might be smaller businesses than say massive increase in remote working. Toll or Maersk and of little or no interest These criminals are infltrating networks, to cyber criminals. The unfortunate truth encrypting data and extorting money. No is they will target any business and seek longer are cyber criminals just encrypting vulnerabilities within their Information data, they are stealing it and demanding Technology infrastructure and exploit big ransoms to prevent the data from those weaknesses. being released publicly. This nasty In fact, during the last 6 months our practice is becoming more targeted and business received several bogus emails, costly, with recovery times becoming purporting to have been sent by logistics much longer. operators, claiming we owed them

34 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders money & attaching invoices. At frst which includes intrusion detection testing “roadside assistance” and a valuable glance, these emails looked legitimate, and gathering potential threat intelligence. resource in a time of crisis when urgent however, upon closer inspection, it was support is required. Also, the Australian Signals Directorate’s clear they were fakes. Had we have Australian Cyber Security Centre (ACSC) clicked on the invoices, we would have has produced some great advice to help been subject to a ransomware attack. businesses stay secure from cyber threats That’s how simple it is to get caught! We whilst managing a remote workforce, advised those businesses immediately particularly their recently published threat and they took steps to fx their systems update, COVID-19 Malicious Cyber and contact those afected. Interestingly, Activity. the businesses only became aware of the attack on their systems when customers We also recommend that logistics Who we are: and suppliers contacted them querying businesses consider arranging Cyber James and the team at Logical Insurance Brokers the invoices. insurance coverage. Quality Cyber provide specialist risk management and insurance insurance policies are designed to include solutions to the logistics industry. Logical is delighted How do logistics businesses go about staf working remotely. If a cyber event to be associated with the Freight and Trade Alliance ensuring that good cyber security (FTA) and is proud to be their appointed insurance emanates from a computer, laptop or measures are in place to address these adviser since its inception in 2012. James is also a other device being used at home (or at regular presenter at FTA professional development cyber threats? work), these policies will respond to cover events. A good starting place would be for the cyber event, response costs, loss of If you would like more information about how a logistics operators to review and update profts and any potential litigation which carefully constructed insurance program can help controls, especially as business policies may arise. These policies also include protect your business, please feel free to contact James on 02 9328-3322, email jamesc@FTAlliance. change, and consider implementing a 24/7 specialist incident response teams, com.au or visit the Logical Insurance Brokers website cyber security incident response plan, which is akin to Information Technology at www.logicalinsurance.com.au/logistics.

Disclaimer: This article is designed to provide helpful general guidance on some key issues relevant to this topic. It should not be relied on as legal advice. It does not cover everything that may be relevant to you and does not take into account your particular circumstances. It is only current as at the date of release. You must ensure that you seek appropriate professional advice in relation to this topic as well as to the currency, accuracy and relevance of this material for you.

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Spring 2020 I Across Borders I35 BUSINESS OPERATIONS

Remote working habits in the new Covid-19 corporate environment create ‘rich’ opportunities for cyber criminals

By JONATHAN SHARROCK, Chief Executive Ofcer – Cyber Citadel

Covid-19 has rapidly changed the With companies already facing hardships, The real key to reducing dwell time is business landscape and forced there is an even greater need to avoid continual monitoring. This of course is data loss, reputational loss, and many companies to adapt quickly easier said than done, least not because customer loss. Additionally, fnes imposed IT teams have to sleep at some point! The or face administration. For many, by regulations such as GDPR in Europe solution is to have a dedicated third-party this has meant a sudden shift to or the Privacy Act in Australia can now be security team monitor your systems and up to 4% of a company’s annual income. e-commerce and the need to alert you of any anomalies. Continuous In prosperous times this is an expensive manage remote workforces, both monitoring and assessment are far mistake, in Covid-19 times this could be a of which present increased cyber fatal error. superior approaches to one-of vulnerability vulnerability. Executives are now assessments which often yield complicated, looking towards a range of future It is critical therefore that businesses act dense reports and do not provide good quickly and efciently in response. developments to combat this. value for money. The Australian government recommend an Furthermore, cyber specialists are ‘Essential 8’ improvements to cybersecurity Cybercriminals are not ignorant to the experienced and think like adversaries, which can be implemented to diferent levels pressures of Covid-19, they are ready and making them more sensitive to anomalies, of ‘maturity’ depending on the risk status of waiting to capitalise on them. Hackers are and they are less likely to sufer from specifcally targeting companies with high the business and the sensitivity of their data. Of course, if possible, companies should ‘alert fatigue’ or be distracted by other proportions of remote workers and company responsibilities. Outsourcing exploiting the increased vulnerability of always aim for level three. monitoring will free up the time of your networks which have had their security Some of these recommendations are now internal IT team for company-specifc controls relaxed to facilitate remote very straightforward. One example being requirements, and, in addition, solves the access. Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), which common problem of staf attrition due implements the requirement of multiple In particular, many companies use to a lack of required expertise generating a forms of identity verifcation to access data. applications only ever designed to be run high demand for this skill set. internally. But, driven by remote working, This is far more secure than just a password these applications now face public which could be misplaced, stolen, or Cyber Citadel ofers a managed networks and the open internet. hacked. Many cloud-based services such detection and response (MDR) service. Such applications must be rigorously as Ofce 365 now ofer this as an easily This service provides 24 hours a day, activatable setting, making its roll-out both penetration tested to ensure they do not 7 days a week monitoring. It is also fast and simple. pose a risk to the company. fnancially fexible: a plan is designed with The threat is real: Toll Group have been Another easy ‘Essential 8’ is backing up the client company, who then pay for as hit twice by Ransomware since the data. Simple, yet critical, properly backed extensive a service as they believe to be pandemic outbreak. The second time up and encrypted data is the most necessary or that they can aford. Our was notable for its use of Ransomware powerful defence against Ransomware service aims to be more like an internal distributed through exposed Remote attacks: it leaves the criminal with little department and caters to business needs leverage to make demands if they cannot Desktop Protocols (RDPs) which of course in a more personal and tailored way. The leak your data and further encryption are more prevalent with so many working service will even ofer advice and assistance from home. doesn’t matter because you have other to company executives about cyber-related copies. Backups should be made regularly and comprehensively, with policy. efectively managed encryption keys, and Any company concerned about the should exist on at least two diferent media, challenges they are facing in this fast- such as external hard drives and cloud- changing world, and who are looking to based storage. One of these media should develop and improve cyber security to be stored disconnected to the network meet these challenges, should look no so that it is inaccessible to any adversary. further than an MDR service. Continuous Of-network backup devices are monitoring and alerting in real-time is becoming increasingly important because the future of cybersecurity. cybercriminals are spending time within a company network, seeking information to building a more crippling ransom case or malware attack. It is therefore important to stop any lateral movement during this dwell time by, for example, segmenting the network into compartments and disconnecting backup devices.

36 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders ENVIRONMENT

Moving towards carbon-neutral shipping with Maersk ECO Delivery

By NICK STREET, Commercial Planning Manager - Maersk Oceania

If maritime shipping were a country, it would be the world’s sixth-biggest greenhouse gas emitter!

Climate change is one of the biggest sustainability challenges of our time. The transport industry is responsible for 23% of the global GHG emissions annually, with 2-3 % coming from maritime shipping. As an example, driving 1 km in a car within London to buy an iPad downtown produces the same amount of CO2 as shipping the same iPad all the way from China to London. As the global integrator of container logistics, Maersk is strongly committed to leading the progress towards carbon-neutral options across the entire end-to-end supply chain, which is crucial to tackling the social and economic challenge that is climate change. For Maersk, decarbonising is not an option but a necessity and that’s why in December 2018 we set an ambition to have carbon The sustainable biofuel is derived from used To be able to apply Maersk ECO Delivery neutral marine operations by 2050, far cooking oil which has been tested and on a global scale, as well as improve the beyond any regulatory frameworks in place validated in a trial driven in collaboration with availability to customers, containers shipped today. This means that we ultimately want to the Dutch Sustainability Growth Coalition with the purchase of this product may achieve zero net-emissions from our vessel travel on a conventionally fuelled vessel. (DSGC), and Shell during 2019. It is certifed operation by 2050. As a mid-term target, we However, as Maersk’s vessel network is a will reduce CO2 emissions by 60% reduction as a sustainable fuel by the International global system the biofuel used is replacing a per container transported by 2030 (2008 Sustainability & Carbon Certifcation (ISCC) corresponding actual amount of conventional baseline). body, whereas the CO2 saving accounting is fuel used elsewhere in that system, so there But we cannot do it alone! We must work certifed by the Round Table for Sustainable is a real carbon saving. closely with industry and sector leaders Biofuels (RSB) standards and verifed by All the CO2 reductions from the biofuel are to fnd the right solutions, and jointly do PWC. Technically, once the biofuel is loaded allocated to the customers who decide everything in our power to leave the planet in in the vessel tanks, Maersk has committed to buy the carbon neutral product. The a better place for future generations. to using it and thereby obtains the CO2 Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials We see a continuous increase in customers credits which are passed on to customers as (RSB) has approved the procedure to sharing our ambition with their own agendas part of the Maersk ECO Delivery product. ensure carbon savings are accredited to our toward climate responsibility. Our customers customers appropriately. are making bold company commitments to For customers looking to improve the With the addition of ECO Delivery to signifcantly reduce CO2 emissions from their sustainability of their supply chains Maersk’s global product suite we look businesses, in many cases to zero emission. purchasing Maersk ECO Delivery is relatively forward to collaborating on our sustainability To meet this growing demand, Maersk has simple. A separate contract is agreed and ambitions and joining forces with customers recently introduced a new product, Maersk the number of containers to be shipped and partners around the world, including ECO Delivery, which complements our readers of “Across Borders”. overarching sustainability strategy. carbon free are specifed. At the conclusion of the contract the client is presented with a For more details on Maersk Eco Delivery, Maersk ECO Delivery is the world’s frst carbon neutral certifcate from Maersk which we invite you to go to https://www.maersk. carbon-zero ocean product based on includes independent verifcation and details the use of sustainable biofuel replacing com/eco-delivery conventional bunker, so that efectively the on carbon savings. The customer can use CO2 savings are based on actual reductions this certifcate for their own sustainability and not just carbon ofsetting credits. measuring and external reports.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I37 ENVIRONMENT

Emissions Standards – Are your imports compliant

Since 1 July 2018, the Australian Government has been regulating the importation of new non-road spark-ignition engines through the product emissions standards. These standards help to reduce air pollution in Australia by stopping high-emitting products from entering our borders. Products accepted under the emissions Answering the Community Protection standards Question These engines are used in outdoor power equipment such as lawn mowers, The standards apply to new products Ask your client if the product they are generators and whipper snippers. The only. Before they can be imported, products importing is captured by the emissions standards also apply to marine vessels such must be certifed to standards implemented standards and whether it is certifed. You will as outboard engines, personal watercraft by one of the following international need to have the certifcation or exemption and stern-drive engines. authorities: United States Environmental number of the product available, as this will allow you to accurately answer the As part of the phased approached to Protection Authority, European Union Community Protection Question (CPQ). implement the emissions standards, a (Stage V), Environment and Climate Change new import requirement came into efect Canada or Californian Air Resources Board. When answering the CPQ, there are things on 1 July 2020. It only applies to products you can do to help speed up the process: certifed to European emissions standards. Where a product is not certifed to one of the above international standards, an • Do not group emissions-controlled Products certifed to European emissions importer can apply to the Department of products with products not captured by the standards must now meet Euro Stage Agriculture, Water and the Environment standards (e.g. diesel or electric products). V emissions standards, instead of Euro seeking Australian certifcation. Emissions-controlled products should be on Stage II, before they can be imported into separate lines. Australia. This is in line with the European Under limited circumstances, importers • Where there are emissions-controlled Union phase out of Euro Stage II emissions can also apply for an exemption to allow standards. products with diferent certifcation uncertifed products to be imported into numbers, there should be one line item Targeted post-border compliance activities Australia. For example, to enable the to one certifcation number. Specify are underway to ensure importers meet their product to be tested, evaluated or displayed the quantity of the products and provide a obligations under the Product Emissions in Australia before it is certifed. detailed goods description that tells us if the Standards Act and Rules. Discrepancies in product is petrol-powered. import data are one key input. If your client would like to seek Australian certifcation or an exemption, this must • For products certifed to Euro Stage As a customs broker, your clients may ask you to clarify what they can and cannot be done well in advance of importing V emissions standards, the certifcation import under the new rules. You play a the product. They will need an approved number may exceed the character limit of key role in helping your clients meet their certifcation or exemption number to enter the CPQ. In this case, omit the asterisks obligations and ensuring their products can in response to the Community Protection and forward slashes to insert the complete reach the market without delays. Question. number. Do not omit any numbers or letters. A guide is available to help importers understand their obligations at environment. gov.au/protection/publications/pes-guide- to-customs-brokers If you are unsure how the emissions standards apply to you or your client’s business, contact the Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment on 1800 803 772 or visit environment.gov.au/ emissions-standards

38 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders

ENVIRONMENT

Where the wind blows

As the largest operator of wind generators in the world, Danish energy solutions company Vestas has been designing, manufacturing and installing wind technology for over 40 years. Today, Vestas has an installed base of 117 gigawatts across 81 countries. In addition, they are servicing more than 104 gigawatts made up of over 47,000 turbines.

Within Australia, Vestas machines account 40 breakbulk vessels into these six for more than 50% of the country’s wind Australian ports. generation. “We have a global footprint As wind turbine blades lengthen and that continues to expand, especially in tower diameters increase, the demand countries like Australia with abundant for adaptable transport solutions also wind resources and willing investors”, says increases. Vestas recognises the Peter Cowling, Head of Vestas Australia importance of monitoring trends of over- and New Zealand. “A major part of our dimensional & over-weight cargo in similar success is the efciency of our world- industries which in turn, has the potential leading supply chain and our transport to be applied when transporting wind solutions”. technology. Over the last twelve months, Vestas has “We understand the needs of our been constructing ten major wind farm technology which is why we play a key role projects across Australia. In Victoria, the in co-developing the transport solutions wind farms include; Berrybank, Cherry Alliance (FTA) facilitated discussions with with our partners. With this, the Vestas Tree, Diapur, Dundonnell, Ferguson and senior ofcers from the Department of team also manages the end-to-end Lal Lal. For Western Australia, the wind Agriculture, Water and the Environment transport plans with the ports, council farms are; Warradarge and Yandin, and which allowed us to construct a set of authorities, onshore and ofshore freight in Tasmania, there is Granville Harbour efective procedures and treatment plans companies and government departments”, Wind Farm. Lastly, Vestas is constructing to meet their concerns”. says Dean Wallace. Collector Wind Farm in New South Wales. For the rapid uptake of renewable Earlier this year, Vestas and industry- To understand the volume of Vestas generation to continue, a suitable leader DSV Panalpina, formed a strategic Australia’s freight activity, more than 1000 framework such as innovative transport partnership in transport and logistics. As tower sections have been shipped in solutions are vital. part of the partnership, DSV Panalpina the last year. This adds to approximately has been executing and managing 65,000 tonnes of freight and if stacked “Having pioneered the wind industry, Vestas’ general freight and special on top of one another, would reach 35 Vestas’ mission is now to create a world project transportation, both inbound kilometres high. When it comes to turbine fueled entirely by sustainable energy”, and outbound. The partnership aims to blades, more than 1000 blades have been says Peter Cowling. “To do this, we need simplify Vestas’ global freight setup, as received – when joined end to end they adequate infrastructure, including agile well as generate economies of scale and would stretch approximately 65 kilometres transportation, that will meet the needs efciencies for both companies. long. of the industry’s future. Continuing to “The efciency of our global supply build our relationship with governments, “One of our major transport challenges chain is largely due to the reliability of innovators and world-leading companies is related to the sheer size of our our freight and shipping partners”, says will help the industry achieve this”. technology”, says Dean Wallace, Transport Soren Kvist Simonsen, Head of Transport Specialist of Vestas Asia Pacifc. “We are Amidst a promising pipeline of new for Vestas Asia Pacifc. “Over the past utilizing only six suitable ports around projects, and the evolution of both twelve months in Australia alone, Vestas Australia which can adequately handle our Australia and the world’s energy network, imported more than 50,000 tonnes of wind cargo”. In the last year, Vestas coordinated Vestas looks forward to the evolution of turbine generators. This truly is a shared the industry’s transport chain. achievement with our freight partners and subcontractors”. “In the spirit of innovation, which is what we have always demonstrated, we also Another shipping challenge is the ongoing anticipate the evolution and agility of the need to maintain biosecurity for all cargo. industry’s freight and transport services”, With the transport of materials between countries and jurisdictions, the risk of says Soren Kvist Simonsen. contaminated cargo is high. Discover more about Vestas here. “Earlier this year, during the Brown https://www.vestas.com/en/about/profle#! Marmorated Sting Bug (BMSB) season, we received shipments which needed to satisfy biosecurity concerns”, says Dean Wallace. “The Freight & Trade

40 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders We have a chance to re-build our supply-chains better than before – Actions shippers can take now to prepare for a low emission future.

By TRISTAN ANDERSON, Leader – Logistics and Infrastructure Policy - GHD Advisory

In April the World Economic Forum (WEF) published an article ‘What can frms’ COVID-19 strategies teach us about the climate battle ahead?’ in this article the WEF states that prior to Covid-19 we had signifcant climate events such as unprecedented bushfres, unseasonal heatwaves and slow-moving tropical mega-storms, had Covid not occurred climate change would likely be our main collective focus. This coupled with recent technology advances and signifcant investment in new energy generation (i.e. hydrogen, bio-fuels, electric vehicles, etc) meant that the transition to a low emission future was certainly facing its ‘perfect storm’.

This being said, Covid has made it all-time high. Many shippers would likely those that channel investment into green necessary for us to re-think and re-build prefer slightly higher but consistent pricing infrastructure. our supply-chains and this presents the over volatile pricing. This is especially true opportunity to rebuild them better than for proponents who can’t take large (and Steps you can make now to move before. Part of building a resilient supply- costly) hedging positions. towards, and take advantage of, chain is building one that is sustainable decarbonisation Identifying a more sustainable supply of and also less reliant on fuels that may be energy and entering into long term power Supply-chain proponents can use prone to global disruption events, trade purchase agreements can insulate your modelling and analysis to compare various embargoes, shortages, gluts, and the business and your clients from global means to reduce reliance on fossil fuels resulting price fuctuations. energy price fuctuations. An example of (decreasing emissions and price volatility) For example, for decades we have been this would be transitioning your truck and and also to reduce their use of energy all exposed to large fuctuations in fossil fuel forklift feet to electricity, a much more together. prices leading to transport companies stable source of energy. installing fuel adjustment factors into their Companies can further double-down Beyond price stability, being low-carbon pricing, however with no similar price on energy savings by accessing grants. can also diferentiate you from the rest. mechanism in place with end customers it In addition if you can create a negative Maersk shipping line for example has is largely cargo owners who are left bearing carbon footprint then credits can be committed, as a mid-term target, to this energy price risk. How many meetings sold to the Government in the form reduce CO2 emissions by 60% reduction have you been to where fuel prices have of ofsets. For example the Australian per container transported by 2030 (2008 been blamed or at least named as a baseline) and further to have carbon Governments Emission Reduction Fund contributing factor to a lack of proftability? neutral vessels by 2050. (ERF) is a voluntary scheme designed to This doesn’t sound like resilience to me. provide fnancial incentives for businesses, Steps Government can take The need to de-carbonise our supply- landholders, and communities to reduce chains is not just about doing the right The World Economic Forum has also emissions. thing for the environment, it is also good called on Governments to use stimulus Below are steps you can take now to business. spending to incentivise a transition to a prepare for and potentially take advantage more sustainable energy use profle. The How decarbonisation can be good for of a low emission economy: Australian Government has committed to business two signifcant emission reduction targets; • Identify new technology to reduce Oil prices may be at historic lows but • 5% below 2000 levels by 2020 (under reliance on fossil fuels (electric vehicles, it’s not actually the price that causes the solar generation, waste to energy etc), greatest efect to supply-chain viability, it is the Kyoto Protocol) and the price volatility which is currently at an • 26-28% below 2005 levels by 2030 • Investigate alternative fuels, (under the Paris Agreement). ie bio-fuels or hydrogen. Hydrogen is being increasingly touted as the next Incentivising business to take on similar transportable energy format, can hydrogen targets is the only way we will achieve be used on your supply-chain? this goal together. If governments want to ensure a move toward lower • Identify if grants are available for emissions, they should attach conditions emission reduction projects, or if you have to stimulus money that encourage the ability to create and sell carbon credits. companies to incorporate environmental risk management into their strategies for • Model alternatives and compare recovery. For instance, stimulus measures options, consider continuity of supply, could be more generous for companies forward purchase agreements and price with low-carbon business models and stability over time.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I41 ENVIRONMENT

The Packaging Evolution – From Efciency to Waste and back again?

By KAI LINCOLN, Managing Director – SEKO Omni-Channel Logistics

Packaging for eCommerce deliveries manufactured and delivered goods of widgets and sprockets you can get has been a bugbear of mine for almost a to central manufacturing (sometimes into a shipping container. For over 50 decade now and, regardless of whether internationally) and larger scale years, logisticians focussed on exactly deliveries. In the 1950s, American anyone else reads this or not, my wife that. Common product being packed Keith Tantlinger has been credited with into a container, maybe going into a will be pleased to know that my rants building the frst shipping containers, warehouse (thank you pallets) and then extend beyond our home. though there are many historical onto a truck (pretty similar shape to a mentions of others who were on to the shipping container…) and your malls, I’m not a radical environmentalist, but same idea. shops and big-boxes will receive their defnitely a logistician pragmatist and These containers became a standard 20, 50, 100 units to put on the shelf just this is where the internal confict arises; sized unit in which to pack product. waiting for the next consumer to walk warehouse efciency vs. shipping Building on this concept, in 1956, through the doors. efciency vs. environment – can we fnd American Malcolm McLean put 58 of the perfect balance? And then a couple of computer fanatics these standard “containers”, aboard start to tinker around with things in the Let’s take a quick journey into the past a reftted tanker ship, the SS Ideal X, mid 1980’s… to understand how we’ve landed at sailed them from Newark, New Jersey to where we are today before we explore Houston, Texas and born was modern I don’t think that many imagined the the future. shipping (Source – Google…). power that the internet would have on the world, let alone personal shopping, Believe it or not, it’s been 150 years All of a sudden, things became simple. when it frst found its way into common since America “invented” the big-box Whatever you’re making, wherever use. Yet here we are, 2020 and with the department store. Macy’s (1858), you’re making it, package it in such a boost from a global pandemic, online Bloomingdales (1861), and Sears (1886) way that you can maximise the number all emerged as the solution to small commerce has arrived and is quickly mom-and-pop retail. The place where gobbling up the market share of its older you could do all your shopping in one cousin, bricks-and-mortar. place. I’m not a radical So to round out my history lesson, Fast-forward to 1956 – with a post war environmentalist, but since the 1950’s, when innovation was boom the modern shopping mall is born. delivering maximum units to a single Once again, America led the charge, defnitely a logistician location at a minimum price, we’ve now anchoring their malls with one-or-two arrived at a point where we need to big-box stores surrounded with an array pragmatist and this deliver a minimum number of units to of smaller shops to appease the specifc is where the internal multiple locations at a minimum price. consumer. By the time 1960 rolled At least something has remained the around, statistics state that there were confict arises; same. more than 4,500 malls accounting for 14% of all retail sales – the revolution warehouse efciency Okay, for those of us in supply-chain, had begun! vs. shipping efciency we are presented with a new dilemma, summarised by four simple points: Behind the scenes, as so-often is vs. environment – can the case, logistics must adapt to the • Warehouse pick-pack has gone consumer demand. In this instance, we fnd the perfect from full-pallet, to full-case to piece- deliveries had been transforming picking. The focus on per-piece for almost a century, from locally balance? efciency has become an ethereal quest.

42 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders • Per-piece picking challenges have I’m also regularly disappointed by been complicated and multiplied by the retailers who talk the importance of sheer magnitude of SKU’s on ofer. (For the environment, but take the low-cost my family and the non-logistics people packaging option. reading this, an SKU is essentially a We’ve all received packages that scream product. That size L, blue shirt you have – that’s an SKU – a stock keeping unit). shipping inefciency. We laugh, we shake How do you carry tens-of-thousands of our heads and we throw the packaging active SKU’s and keep picking efciency away. Herein becomes the fnal problem. reasonable? (“active” means still on-sale. To summarise this entire article thus far: For eCommerce, if it’s online, it’s active Our desire to maximise labour efciency and no-one takes things of-line!) in the warehouse has led to an over-use • Packing optimisation is mind of packaging, which increasingly is not boggling. If you’re carrying 10,000 active recycled due to cost benefts and the SKU’s in your warehouse and an average ignorance of the general public around order has a 1.8 SKU attachment rate, soft-plastic recycling. By KAI LINCOLN, Managing Director – SEKO Omni-Channel Logistics how do you ensure that those 1.8 pieces So where to from here? are packed into the perfect package to maximise both the speed of packing AND 1. Sure it’s easier said than done, but the elimination of wasted space within the your warehouse manager, your freight package itself? manager and your procurement manager need to talk. If these three people are • Packaging cost is a science of cents. cubic weight (250 kg) x the freight rate all the same person, their KPI’s need to If you’re sending 5,000 packages-a-day balance the various aspects. and you can save 5c per order, that’s ($1.00/kg). If this is confusing, slow about $65k per year from one package down, write it down on paper and I 2. Technology has changed to ensure type to another…that’s material. promise it will eventually make sense. a better mix of orders to packs. It’s not I’m not very smart so it took me a few perfect, but investment in software and • Freight space. To the lay person this years of slowing down, writing it over- process change can bring you closer to means nothing. To someone who knows and-over, but I eventually got there. the apex of eCommerce logistics and will that wasted space is wasted money, likely save you money. let me take a few sentences to try and So, what does this all mean? explain how this works: 3. Sustainable packaging is here! And If I’m running the warehouse, I’ve got it’s very competitively priced! Stop being A truck, a train carriage, a plane – all about 3 box sizes and my packers lazy and buying the plastic that you’ve have a fnite amount of space in which will simply pack as much as possible been buying for the last 10 years. Your you can pack anything. Though as fast as possible and I’ll measure consumers aren’t educated or proactive weight defnitely has a bearing on fuel their performance accordingly. We’ve enough to recycle their soft plastics consumption, moving your truck, your all seen the result of this. Here is an properly so take the risk out of their hands train, your plane, costs money. Even if actual delivery I received for 5 ball-pump and give them packs that biodegrade you’re moving a truck full of feathers, needles… there’s still the driver, the truck, the when they end up in landfll. fuel, the tolls, the whatever it takes to If I’m running shipping, I’m packing things Care. move that truck of feathers from point as efciently as possible to ensure I’m A to point B. not paying for sending air in my parcels Care about your warehouse KPI’s, but (remember, light-weight packages aren’t don’t make that the be-all and end-all. As such, transport companies only charged based on their weight). apply various measures to ensure Care about your shipping costs and that regardless of whether you’re If I’m responsible for procurement of understand how they are impacted by shipping bricks or feathers, their costs packaging material, I’m going to save 5c your warehouse operations. are covered. To do this, transport per order regardless of what it’s made out Care about the environment and industries have introduced the concept of. recognise that the actions and habits you of cubic factors, which is basically a If I’m responsible for everything, as create today will set the path for the next multiple applied to the actual weight of 50+ years. a product(s) to ensure that the cost of is the case with most ecommerce transport is covered. operations, I’m making my decisions based on my bonus metrics. Warehouse For example, a trucking company KPI’s, packaging spend, shipping cost may say that 1 cubic metre of freight reductions – what’s the easiest of the lot? (35 Cubic Feet) will be charged on the greater of 250 kg’s (551 lb) or the I’m regularly amazed at how few logistics actual weight of the goods. So, if managers understand the correlation you’re shipping 1 cubic metre of bricks between warehouse operations and that weighs 500 kg, you’ll be charged freight cost. Because of this, the instinct at a freight rate (say $1.00/kg) x 500kg to speed up warehouse packing speeds OR if you’re shipping feathers that often outweighs the ability to reduce weigh 50 kg’s, you’ll be charged at the shipping costs.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I43 ENVIRONMENT

“Because our diverse range of 100 per cent Australian-grown, owned and made Manildra Group products are distributed to every Ethanol fuels continent, it’s important we have access to shipping services and freight rates that are internationally competitive,” said Ms Harriton. passion and power APSA is the designated peak shipper body – granted status by the Federal Minister for Infrastructure and Transport under national competition laws – representing the interests of Australian shippers generally in relation to liner cargo shipping services. APSA partners with the Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA) to form an infuential advocacy alliance to ensure members are at the forefront of all emerging supply chain issues through responsive operational support, professional development training, industry updates, commercial services and corporate events. Ms Harriton said every day, Manildra Group coordinates deliveries of our Australian- grown and made premium sugar, oils, fours, premixes, starches, syrups, glutens, ethanol and stockfeed for global markets. As ‘the voice of the motor industry’ in NSW, the Motor Traders’ Association of NSW wants motorists to have the facts on biofuels – and not be fooled into flling their tanks with more expensive petrol. As a reliable, less costly and cleaner fuel choice of many motorists, E10 is one fuel that MTA NSW is interested to learn more about on behalf of their members. “If your car is E10-compatible there is no downside to using it,” said MTA NSW Chief As Australia’s biggest distiller of premium ethanol in grades for food, Executive Ofcer, Stavros Yallouridis. “We want to help change people’s view of E10. spirits, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, industrial applications We want motorists to be fully informed about and transport fuels, family-owned Manildra Group’s seven-column, grain- the facts of using biofuels so that when it neutral ethanol distillery – the largest in Southeast Asia – has ensured our comes to flling up the car, they don’t have to secure domestic supply of sanitisers, with 70 per cent alcohol as the active buy the most expensive fuel on the market,” said ingredient, to fght the spread of infection in the COVID-19 pandemic. MTA NSW is an employer’s association and “Working with government, frontline cent Australian-made food ingredients registered training organisation representing agencies, hand sanitiser and cleaning and industrial products are transported to businesses in the NSW automotive industry product manufacturers to meet the demand every continent through well-established ranging from mechanical repairers to vehicle for locally produced ethanol as the key international distribution channels. dealerships and service stations. raw ingredient in sanitiser has highlighted “To maintain our competitive edge Mr Yallouridis said many motor vehicle the importance of local manufacturing to internationally, a strategy of constant engines were built to run on E10, with Australia in this global crisis,” said Manildra reinvestment and innovation has positioned both ethanol and engines having evolved Group Managing Director John Honan. Manildra Group as one of the leading signifcantly. “Manildra Group has been producing ethanol exporters of value-added products through “Over the past decade, the feet has since 1992 and our nation’s continued Australia’s largest container port in Botany, changed signifcantly with vehicle innovation support for Australian manufacturing, NSW,” said Manildra Group Head of Exports and technology – and with arguably some of local jobs and buying Australian-made has Olga Harriton, who also serves as Chair of the lowest-quality fuel in the world, Australia enabled ongoing investment in our state-of- the Australian Peak Shippers Association needs to embrace higher petrol standards,” the-art distillery as part of a fully integrated (APSA). said Mr Yallouridis. facility at our world-class Shoalhaven Ms Harriton said the industry body set Starches site at Nowra, in regional New High-octane ethanol is revolutionising the global benchmark in efciencies for motor sports worldwide, with Australia’s South Wales.” Australian shippers and exporters including V8 Supercar Championships embracing With more than 40 years of exporting Manildra Group, as a proud member of high-performance E85 (85 per cent ethanol- experience, Manildra Group’s 100 per APSA. blended) as their fuel source. Meanwhile, as

44 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders vehicle manufacturers continue to update Manildra Group Head of Ethanol, Debra more ignition timing and boost pressure – their technology and fuel systems, ethanol Forster, said ethanol with a natural octane resulting in almost double the factory power provides further opportunity for improving of 108 was distributed to oil companies to of the original car with its original engine.” vehicle performance, fuel economy and blend with petrol to produce E10 (95 RON) Mr Mulholland said they were struck by the emissions. and E85 (108 RON) fuel. versatility of 100 per cent Australian ethanol “We know more than 64 countries have Turbocharging an old station wagon really for value-adding uses ranging from fuel to mandated ethanol in their petrol not only drove home the value of ethanol-enhanced food, beverages and pharmaceuticals. fuels for the duo behind Mighty Car Mods, to increase their fuel quality, but also to They were also surprised at how many boost jobs, secure their fuel supply and the world’s most-watched DIY online auto show. Recently ranked among the Australian-made products used raw and decarbonise transport sectors,” said Mr refned materials made in the same plant that Yallouridis. most infuential digital stars on the globe, Australian car enthusiasts Blair ’Moog’ produces both household-grade and fuel- With extensive experience working globally Joscelyne and Marty Mulholland count some grade ethanol. in the motor vehicle industry, the MTA CEO 2.8 million YouTube subscribers and up to “There is always a lot of talk about future is aware of the benefts of local fuel ethanol 4.2 million monthly views for their handy technologies, where they will take us and industry – so a recent visit to Shoalhaven and humorous demonstrations of at-home how clean they are,” Mr Mulholland said. Starches left a big impression. automotive improvements. “We’re excited about all of them, and one “We were blown away by the scale of The pair frst became fans of high- thing about renewables such as ethanol is manufacturing and continual innovation performance, ethanol-based fuels after that they are here, right now – we can create it from scratch in Australia, put it in a vehicle at the facility, as well as the positive nearly doubling the power of a 15-year-old and go. contribution ethanol could make to the wider Subaru by using E85 – a blend of 85 per motoring industry,” he said after the behind- cent ethanol and 15 per cent petrol. “I’m a big fan of Australian-made and it’s the-scenes tour of the world-class site at Mr Mulholland said they picked up the great to add an Australian-made product Nowra in regional NSW. station wagon dubbed “Supergramps” for to imported petrol to increase octane and improve performance.” Manildra Group’s fully integrated, state-of- a couple of thousand dollars and “swapped the-art manufacturing facility uses wheat the engine out for an EZ36, the biggest engine that Subaru makes”. starches from four milling to produce a range of ethanol grades – used not just for “Problem was, it was already super- transport fuels but also food and beverages, high compression and we were going to pharmaceuticals, personal care and turbocharge it,” he said. “By using E85, we industrial applications worldwide. could raise the tuning headroom; adding

Green Ammonia as Marine Bunker Fuel

Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA) has partnered with Renewable Hydrogen as a technical advisor on renewable policy to support our engagement with government and to be at the forefront of emerging initiatives through collaborative relationships with key sectors of commerce. Sal Milici (Head of Border and Biosecurity, FTA / APSA) had the opportunity to speak with Brett Cooper, Chief Executive Ofcer, and founder of Renewable Hydrogen.

1. SAL MILICI – Brett, please tell us 2. SAL MILICI – After more than a that set policy objectives aimed at a 50% about Renewable Hydrogen and your decade in planning, on 1 January 2020 reduction in Greenhouse Gas emissions from reach locally and internationally. the International Maritime Organisation shipping by 2050. (IMO) mandated that ships use low I established Renewable Hydrogen Pty Ltd in 2008 to develop supply chain pathways sulphur fuel. Will it take another decade In response to these policy settings, leading by which Australia’s vast renewable energy or longer before we see the next leap in ship operators such as Maersk, have environmental measures? resources could be exported in the form of announced targets to be 100% free of CO2 Green Hydrogen and its carriers such as In recent years there has been a dramatic emissions by 2050. Green Ammonia. In this regard over the last increase in global interest in the use of Green 12 years or so we have worked on these Ammonia as a carbon free bunker fuel for The maritime industry has recognised that types of projects with a leading Japanese shipping. in order to meet these objectives, new zero Trading house, several State Govts, CSIRO and the world’s largest ammonia fertiliser This interest has arisen as a result of policy carbon propulsion fuels will need to be producer Yara. settings announced in April 2018 by the IMO developed for shipping.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I45 ENVIRONMENT

Because ships being built now will be operational for the next 20 years or more, ship designers have already commenced designing ships to be powered by carbon free fuels. 3. SAL MILICI – Why Green Ammonia as a bunker fuel? There have been several fuel contenders for carbon free ship propulsion, including batteries, hydrogen, synthetic LNG and synthetic methanol. Batteries are challenging for long range ocean going shipping because of volume and range limitation, whereas hydrogen has difculties when it comes to storage and the need for high pressurisation or very low cryogenic temperatures. Carbon neutral synthetic LNG and methanol (both of which require recycled carbon for manufacture) are seen as being limited in scale. For the above reasons there has been growing global maritime interest in Green Ammonia which is manufactured via the Meanwhile MAN’s close competitor Wärtsilä 6. SAL MILICI – Can Australia play a combination of hydrogen from renewably has announced successful testing of four- role in this reform and what benefts powered electrolysis with nitrogen extracted stroke ship engines being powered by could it deliver? from the air. ammonia. Australia certainly can play a role because A remarkable degree of uniformity has 5. SAL MILICI – What is the potential of its natural comparative advantage with emerged amongst maritime industry leaders large scale demand for Green Ammonia regard to renewable resources and the and organisations such as Lloyd’s Register, Bunker Fuel? vast land areas from which they can be Korean Register, Royal Society and NYK Currently the world produces approximately harvested. Over time the renewable energy Line (Japan) issuing reports favourable to the 190 million tonnes pa of ammonia, used super-powers of the future will be those use of Green Ammonia as bunker fuel. mostly for fertiliser and produced mostly counties with stable political systems, access to renewables and a commercial 4. SAL MILICI – Is there an example from fossil fuels. business environment in which investors will of a ship engine capable of running on A number of industry reports have projected be happy to invest 100s of billions of dollars. Ammonia? very signifcant demand in growth for Green Australia is blessed with all these attributes. Ammonia over the next 30 years as a result In response to growing maritime industry of its uptake as marine bunker fuel. 7 SAL MILICI – What are some of the interest in ammonia as bunker fuel, leading challenges preventing development manufacturers have announced programs One of the most infuential maritime industry of a Green Hydrogen / Ammonia for modifying existing ship engine designs to research groups, whose reports are manufacturing industry given our run on ammonia. often considered by IMO Committees, is University College London’s UMAS group. comparative advantage in renewable The world’s largest ship engine builder, In early 2020 UMAS issued a report to the energy? MAN Energy Solutions (a division of VW) Copenhagen based Getting to Zero Coalition The main challenge, at the moment, is the has announced plans to develop modifed which projected a fourfold increase in global high capital cost of the equipment required versions of its widely used, large scale two- ammonia demand as a result in its uptake as to convert renewable electricity into Green stroke ship engines to run on ammonia. marine bunker fuel: Hydrogen and Ammonia. The main cost element is that of electrolysis. Until recent times the world has not spent a lot of money on improving the efciency and cost of electrolysis because there has not been big demand. But this has now radically changed with the European commission for example announcing, on July 8, 2020, that it wants to start to deploy 40,000 MW of new electrolysis over the next 10 years. This is likely to dramatically reduce the cost of this equipment which will be of much beneft to Australia’s plans for Green Hydrogen and Ammonia.

Brett Cooper, Chief Executive Ofcer, and Sal Milici, Head of Border and Biosecurity, founder of Renewable Hydrogen FTA / APSA

46 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders MEMBER PROFILE

In July, Freight and Trade Alliance (FTA) was approached by the charitable organisation GIVIT to assist them in the distribution of generators to bush fre ravaged communities in AirCL Transport & Excel Logistics – helping fellow Australian’s in need. New South Wales. assistance is intended for people most in to their few possessions has made a need, including those persons who will fnd massive diference to their quality of life and GIVIT is partnering with the New South it difcult to recover without assistance. living conditions, not to mention a much Wales Government to manage donated needed boost to morale. FTA reached out to our members who funds and ofers of goods and services were quick to donate their trucks, drivers “Some bushfre-afected communities following the 2019/2020 bushfre and time to facilitate the delivery of 136 are still in the clean-up stage. That’s why devastation in NSW. GIVIT supports local generators into the hands of people directly donations of generators, grocery vouchers governments, recovery agencies, local afected by last summer’s fres. Many of and simple hardware tools are still so charities and community groups to ensure these people are still living in temporary important. Where someone has lost their people in need obtain the essential items accommodation on their burnt out work shed which contributes to their they require to help them recover. GIVIT properties so the additions of a generator livelihood, they need a generator to run the power” said GIVIT NSW Manager Scott Barrett. We would like to thank Paul King of Excel Logistics and Bo Wetterling of AirCL Transport who provided their trucks and resources to see these deliveries happen. With their help, generators were delivered to; Nowra, Moruya, Mogo, Jeremadra, Cobargo and Quaama. The benefts of their contribution however went further than that. The assistance was donated free of charge which freed up money for GIVIT to use to purchase other items such as food and fuel vouchers, school uniforms Generators collected by the worthy recipients and household items.

“WISTA Australia has been hosting monthly webinars on topics which range from inspirational, to educating members on specifc issues as well as professional skills which are applicable across all industries.

Our June webinar was presented by Dimity Brown (Lawyer & Executive Coach) on the topic of “Building a HERO mindset”. The July webinar was presented by Angela Gillham (Deputy CEO, Maritime Industry Australia Ltd) on “Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Shipping Industry”. The August webinar was presented by Kerryn Woonings (Marine Surveyor, Crawford & Company) on “Turning Up The Heat: Understanding Container Cargo Sweat”. The September webinar was presented by Vanessa Spark (Boating Education Ofcer, Maritime Safety Victoria) on “Maritime Safety Victoria - Our Role as a Regulator”. We are looking forward to continuing our webinar program for the rest of the year which also enables us to remain connected.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I47 MEMBER PROFILE

Two members share their stories on Generational succession

By JAMES MARSHALL, Executive Director – Meridian Freight

2021 will mark 35 years of Meridian. Two generations of the Marshall family maintains competitiveness, compliance operating as a wholly owned Australian Customs Brokerage & Freight & relevance, I believe we are poised to accept the next series of economic and Forwarder within the International Logistics Sector. digital disruptions which are sure to play a key role in the next 35 years of business. I was born in 1988, so when I think of what The 1980’s was signifcant for our industry I have learnt one of the most advantageous it was like when the company was founded & it is often referred to as the decade qualities that a 21st Century Customs in 1986, I have only the inherited LPs & that transformed Australia. An inspiring Brokerage or Freight Forwarder can quirky stories that have been passed onto time both socially & politically where an possess is a willingness to adapt and me like relics of their time. embracement of internationalism and free embrace to a forever changing digital market economics shrugged of a once industry. My Boss, who also happens to be my protectionist style economic policy, which Dad, my mate & mentor - Peter Marshall, restricted imports through tarifs & complex We have gone to great lengths to ensure introduced me to the likes of The Cure, The duty schedules. our standard operational procedures Clash & Echo & the Bunnymen. He loves are digitally mapped and bolstered by a to dive into a reminiscent 80s story of kids In 1980, key changes occurred to the framework of intelligent constraint and Customs Act: playing cricket in the backyard (what is a risk management components. Our team reap the daily benefts of a paperless ofce backyard?) or episodes of the Young Ones - The Act was amended to provide for the by interfacing with KANBAN style Visual (Who is Vyvyan?). granting of licences to companies and Boards which populate Tasks, Milestones, partnerships and it required a corporate A time when Customs would rubber stamp Triggers, and Exceptions, no longer agency to nominate an individual agent (a requiring manual reminders for processes your documents and when a cheque would nominee) for each of its places of business. often accompany the lodgement of an or folio style workfows. An all too familiar Original Bill. - It made it a condition of granting a concept for companies which have had licence that the applicant was a ‘person of to embrace these software developments I guess other relics of the 80s have not integrity’. during the COVID-19 pandemic. aged so well. A male dominated workforce with a lack of diversity. The telex machine, - It established the NCALAC to investigate It is curious how something so ruthless can trickle-down economics & rollerblades. and report on all matters concerning also serve as a catalyst for change. For licensing. three and a half decades our family-owned Notwithstanding the above, Dad tells me business has been the source of quality the 80’s were great. He also introduced Three pillars which remain ever so service, professionalism, and respect. important to the protection of the Licenced me to the industry by means of a job, a Customs Broker today. No matter what changes are on the Customs Clerk, at the age of 19. Yes, a horizon, may they be a further reduction Customs Clerk…something which time has In 1985 the Asprey Draft White Paper in barriers to trade which poise the ever also forgotten. recommended a broadening of the tax developing question over Broker Licensing, base through the adoption of a broad- an increase in compliance at the risk of a based consumption tax; however, the severe Infringement Notice Scheme or the overhaul of the sales tax system was still implementation of a Block-Chain based some 14 years away. Trade System, the necessity to overcome In recent years, Treasury fgures note and adapt will always be an important excise and customs duties have remained mantra moving forward. relatively steady as a revenue source Perhaps The Clash said it best “You but have declined in importance as a grow up and you calm down and you’re proportion of tax revenue over the last working for the clampdown” century. There have been some key developments through the genesis of Meridian, most of which I’ve not experienced frsthand given my 12 years infancy within the industry but all of which have shaped the landscape of international trade as I know and understand it today. In 2020 as a 32-year-old Company Director who regularly canvases the current business climate to ensure our company

48 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders By ANDREW SANDERS, Managing Director – AWS Customs & Forwarding Pty Ltd

hundred dollars — whereas it previously incumbent (often also the Founder) has would have required a detailed business or may have, an emotional tie to the plan, multiple level approvals and business, there is often a reluctance to ‘let thousands of dollars. go’ of their responsibilities and this can lead to succession failure. The Incumbent Boomers have ‘the curse of knowledge’ may also be fearful of a loss of power, have and programmed ways of doing things a lack of hobbies or interests outside work, whereas generations X and Y have grown loss of status, retirement apprehension up with what is possible changing on a which all maybe a key factor in infuencing yearly, monthly, or even weekly basis. We the ultimate handover and may lead to a know and accept what was true yesterday perceived loss of trust in the competencies may not be true tomorrow. of their successor While SME’s have their challenges in competing with the bigger players in the A Shared Vision underpins the values marketplace, the underlying advantages and ideas of helping family members they possess and continue to have, is to remain united. their ability to create new and valued relationships, to hold existing and value add for their clients. Another advantage they have is the ability to retain and work closely on these business relationships After 26 Years in business the over time, while achieving desired time is drawing near to consider a outcomes for the client generational change; some challenges Education and ongoing training is key and hurdles are discussed below. to professionalism in any industry and especially important in ours

Generational Succession – handing the Family owned businesses due to their very business across to your kids or family – nature present many difcult challenges. sounds simple enough, but many families Succession planning becomes somewhat end up in dispute. It’s important that complicated when consideration has to be generational succession is managed as given to various family relationships. Often closely and diligently, like as if you are this creates some obstacles between selling the business to a stranger, to avoid management and ownership sometimes any misunderstandings or disputes – leading to possible conficts and Everyone needs to understand their roles subsequently threatening the company’s and responsibilities. Here are a few key long-term survival issues for consideration A person’s capability and willingness to With the number of Baby Boomers retiring, successfully take on the business is a key the next generation of business owners consideration are bringing with them new ideas, new While sometimes the boundaries between technologies and a social conscience, ownership, position and management Boomers have ‘the greater than we have seen before in become blurred, these can be somewhat business shaped by adopting sound governance curse of knowledge’ This includes such issues as the company policies and practices and provide a template for these family frms, and programmed environment, sustainability, social media to address professionalism and sustain the platforms and choosing to work with ways of doing things business through tough times. companies that are like minded or have policies in place that are in keeping with Generational succession can be a long and whereas generations X their beliefs - In other words, changing extended process and as such needs to and Y have grown up business behaviour through social be well planned and thought out. conscience with what is possible As a guide, to allow a minimum of three Boomers should be prepared to learn years, with the responsibilities and roles of changing on a yearly, from generations X and Y while also being the new successor and the predecessor prepared to share the wisdom they have mentoring and nurturing their knowledge monthly, or even gained through experience. Generations of all aspects of the business and X and Y are more entrepreneurial with a increasingly, to delegate decision making weekly basis. We know greater willingness to challenge the status and responsibilities quo and say, ‘that can be done’ and accept what was Once this process is fnalised, the Technology plays a part in this new predecessor can retire feeling comfortable true yesterday may not attitude, example: a new app can be that the hand over process has been be true tomorrow. developed over a weekend for a few completed, however, because the

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I49 TRADE

The importance of open trade for Australia’s post COVID economic recovery

By DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND TRADE

There is no doubt that COVID-19 has given rise to enormous economic challenges for policy makers, industry bodies and Australian businesses – both immediate and longer term. The Australian Government’s commitment to open trade and investment and the innovation and resilience of Australian businesses in navigating highly competitive overseas markets has placed us in a strong position for economic recovery, however difcult that may be.

Open trade will be a vital element of any The Australian Government is working The Australian Government has established economic recovery, and that of our trading tirelessly with our trading partners, an AUD $1 billion COVID-19 Relief and partners. It has expanded our global including through active engagement in Recovery Fund to support regions, economy, enhanced our standards of living regional and multilateral forums – eg. G20, communities and industry sectors that and lifted people out of poverty in our WTO, APEC to minimise disruptions to have been adversely afected by the region. It has placed Australia in a position global supply chains and keep markets pandemic, including initiatives in aviation, where, in the middle of an unprecedented open for business. This will help Australia’s agriculture, fsheries, tourism and the arts. global pandemic, we recorded in June trade-exposed businesses recover and AUD $500 million has also been allocated our 30th consecutive monthly trade come out stronger. The uncertain trajectory to a COVID-19 Export Capital Facility to be surplus - despite the disruptive impact of of COVID-19 and its wider implication administered by Export Finance Australia. COVID-19 on economic activity, including mean that this will be a long-haul efort. This will give Australian exporters access on key service export sectors, tourism and to business-saving loans of between We are maintaining momentum in free education. $250,000 and $50 million. trade agreement (FTA) negotiations with It is important even when times are tough the European Union and commencing The Australian Government has, and will that we do not lose sight of our economic FTA negotiations with the UK to expand continue to work closely with, Australian values nor embrace protectionism. While the range of opportunities available to businesses and industry bodies to identify temporary, targeted, proportionate and Australian exporters. In addition, the and help them recover from COVID-19 transparent measures to enhance our Indonesia-Australia Comprehensive disruptions – both at home and abroad national response to the emergency Economic Partnership Agreement (IA- through our network of state and territory health crisis are necessary – for instance CEPA) entered into force on 5 July 2020. ofces and our overseas missions. to secure and/or manufacture vital PPE IA-CEPA provides improved or preferential We welcome feedback and insights or safely fast track a vaccine – the fastest access for Australian agricultural from Australian businesses to help us path back to normality is an open, rules- producers, manufacturers, services understand, and tailor policy responses to, based global trading system that fosters providers and investors. Over 99 per cent the rapidly changing COVID-19 situation. business confdence in global supply of Australian goods exports by value to We continue to be inspired by stories of chains. Indonesia, including feed grains, live cattle, Australian business that are innovating and frozen beef, sheep meat and certain citrus As Senator the Hon Simon Birmingham seizing new opportunities and supporting will enter duty free or under these improved said at his address to the National Press their local communities. preferential arrangements. The commitment Club on 17 June 2020: to discuss non-tarif measures comes at a For more information on Australia’s network “An inward-looking Australia would be a critical time for both countries’ COVID-19 of free trade agreements, please visit fta. smaller, poorer Australia. A country beset recovery eforts. gov.au and our FTA portal at ftaportal. by inefciencies and lower incomes. An dfat.gov.au. Australian businesses can With more than 80 per cent of air freight economy unable to capitalise on our also access the Government’s new global leaving Australia via passenger aircraft, comparative advantages. At best we’d be market intelligence updates by emailing the pandemic has hit many exporters average at everything, but potentially great enquiries to [email protected]. particularly hard. The Government has at nothing”. ensured freight routes remain open for While many economic challenges remain, Australian exporters with a $240 million there is no doubt that decades of funding injection to the International Freight commitment to open trade and investment Assistance Mechanism. This Mechanism underpin strong economic fundamentals has helped keep supply chains open, that will give us a better chance at allowing exporters to continue to send economic recovery. As a nation that their produce to overseas markets with relies on free fows of trade, capital and return fights bringing back vital medical technology, we cannot go it alone. equipment and pharmaceuticals.

50 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders New Zealand and Hong Kong by sea as the cost of airfreight is currently so high that it would otherwise price us out of the market”, says Ben. While sea freight may appear as a logical alternative for some commodities, it is not always smooth sailing. Reefers can ensure the cold-chain is efciently maintained but the duration of sea freight is the greatest risk for perishables. According to summerfruit exporter, Rowan Little from Montague, any delays in sea freight supply chains will ‘eat away’ at remaining shelf life for customers. “Our monitoring has shown Turbulent times: Weighing that a consignment can be stationary for up to half the total shipment time – waiting to be loaded onto the vessel, port calls, up air versus sea freight and any transhipping along the way” says Rowan. For stone fruit varieties with inherently short shelf life, this means they By ANDREW MACNISH, Queensland Department of Agriculture may not be suitable for sea freight under current conditions where shipments to Asia and Fisheries and GLENN HALE, Victorian Department of Jobs, can extend beyond 4 weeks. Precincts and Regions The Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries and the Victorian Department Australia’s fresh fruit and vegetable exports were valued at $1.6 billion in of Jobs, Precincts and Regions have been 2018/19. Asia and the Middle East account for most trade. Our image as working together to monitor and model the a ‘clean and green’ producer of premium quality fresh produce has helped quality of Australian fresh produce exports into Asian markets. Over the last 4 years, Australian exporters to develop a comparative advantage over competitors. the project team has monitored handling conditions of more than 200 air and sea export shipments as well as assessing product quality on arrival at the importers. The team has also simulated typical air and sea freight conditions to identify shelf life limits for vegetables, mangoes and summerfruit. This monitoring and simulation shipment work is helping to inform decision making around the feasibility of air and sea freight options for perishable commodities. It is also identifying opportunities for exporters to work collaboratively with chain partners to optimise supply chain logistics and handling.

The Serviced Supply Chains project is funded by the Hort Frontiers Asian Markets Fund (project AM15002), part of the Hort Frontiers strategic partnership initiative developed by Hort Innovation, While some fresh produce lines like citrus concern for Australian exporters. Freight with co-investment from the Department of and table grapes are routinely transported costs have increased by up to three times Agriculture and Fisheries (Queensland), Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions (Victoria), Manbulloo by sea, other more perishable commodities and capacity has decreased to about (mangoes), Montague Fresh (summerfruit), Glen such as mangoes and vegetables rely 10-25% of normal, despite support from Grove (citrus), the Australian Government plus in- heavily on airfreight. Our close proximity the Federal Government’s IFAM program. kind support from The University of Queensland and to Asia and relatively low airfreight rates These factors are prompting some the Chinese Academy of Sciences. has helped to land orders with maximum horticulture exporters to explore options to For more information: ship more commodities by sea. freshness and shelf life. This can be Andrew Macnish, Mob: 0475839609, E-mail: particularly advantageous at the start of Mango grower, Ben Martin from Marto’s [email protected] the season when demand and prices are Mangoes in north Queensland, is one https://www.daf.qld.gov.au/business-priorities/ higher.The Covid-19 associated disruption exporter weighing up sea vs airfreight. “This agriculture/plants/fruit-vegetable/supply-chain- of airfreight supply chains is an ongoing season we will probably ship mangoes to innovation

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I51 TRADE

Global Data Standards and GTIN reporting speeds customs clearance of goods into mainland China

By MARCEL SIEIRA - Chief Customer Ofcer, GS1 Australia

Australian importers and exporters the region to implement GDS in order Improving the efciency of supervision have a clear opportunity to improve to improve data quality and modernise and customs clearance has become their trade competitiveness, with global trade systems. a considerable challenge for customs agencies around the world and GTIN can Australia currently languishing at 106th Trade between Australia and China is play a vital role in achieving this. out of 190 economies for ease and being streamlined thanks to a resolution cost of cross border trade. last August by Chinese customs to use Following the resolution by Chinese a Global Trade Item Number (GTIN), and customs, other customs agencies in The World Bank ‘Doing Business standardised product master data, in the the region now have the opportunity to Report 2020’, provides a comparative reporting function for its single window replicate the same process to improve analysis of business regulation for 190 declaration system. trade clearance through regulatory automation and other data-driven economies, revealing that Australia has This marks an important step towards innovation. the highest export compliance cost of adopting GS1 standards in customs all APEC economies and is more than clearance and comes at a time of rapid Vietnam Customs is working to improve double the APEC average cost. growth in cross-border trade, both in supervision of exported goods, and as part of this programme the verifcation of APEC leaders recognise that more type and volume. barcodes is done in order to strengthen extensive use of Global Data Standards In December 2019, GS1 Australia began the integrity of the product identifcation, (GDS) can improve supply chain sharing GTIN master data with GS1 and help in verifying the origin and performance, modernise trading systems China to support Chinese customs information of exported goods. The and improve trading competitiveness. import clearance systems. This means rule applies to products produced, GS1, the global not-for-proft standards Australian exporters providing GTIN processed, packaged and/or divided in body best known for barcode usage by data, and with trade history, may Vietnam. industry and supply chains, is working enjoy streamlined customs clearance GS1 is actively engaged through its closely with APEC and governments in processes. 115-country global member network to China customs adopts GTIN address industry-driven requirements Customs agencies in China have for unambiguous identifcation of trade implemented GTIN declaration for the items. single window system, and as noted This is being achieved via universal on the General Administration of barcoding and on-pack data- Customs website ‘enterprises can enjoy carriers, open data sharing, product an intelligent auto-fll feature by using authentication, traceability, and the GTIN’. This simplifes and speeds up provision of information from a neutral the declaration process and improves source. accuracy. Global Trade Item Numbers are the ‘Declaration by GTIN’ provides a numbers used to create barcodes convenient and fast method for within the GS1 system that is used on enterprises to complete the declaration consumer products globally. form within a fraction of the time Based on the recently established GTIN through intelligent autofll, instead of the information exchange, an imported or conventional manual entry previously exported product can have its admission required by China customs. history be verifed, and its declaration This is a signifcant beneft when elements such as classifcation, importing and exporting through China. country of origin and specifcation can

52 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders automatically appear in the single window system. The GTIN database includes multi-dimensional commodity information, including brand, specifcation, country of origin, uses and other critical business information. This is great news for all GS1 Australia members managing master data via GS1 Australia repositories and trading with China, who can now gain faster clearance and shorter cycles. GTIN improves efciency for milk powder exporter for product series, which greatly improves address illicit trade and counterfeiting and According to a customs specialist at efciency. organised crime. Taicang TuoHai Customs Clearance Co GS1 standards should not be considered GS1 data standards are increasingly Ltd, an experienced customs broker of an alternative to, or replacement for, being adopted to ensure that relevant infant formula milk powder, it has been existing HS Codes, which are used information is provided in a common very difcult for traders to complete the globally by customs to classify goods for format that is easily understood and required trade clearance documents. This reporting and tarif/tax collection. is due to the complexity and terminology shareable by all parties. of ingredients which amount to six or GTIN is a globally unique product seven on average, and sometimes more identifer that is applied to the majority than ten in a single product. of FMCG goods. Access to the GTIN unlocks the ability to verify, identify and Now, once a GTIN has been entered and attain associated product data for better confrmed, all its ingredient information will granularity and more efective admission enter the system immediately. In addition, decisions and opportunities to automate the system has a batch import function regulatory processes. It also helps to

sometimes uncertainty is the only certainty there is. Hunt & Hunt can help guide you through these unprecedented times. We understand the complex issues facing businesses in the customs, transport and trade sectors, and will provide you with practical, commercial advice.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I53 e-COMMERCE

Australia Announces Its First Robotics Fulflment Centre

New fulflment centre to create 1,500 jobs with the opportunity to work “The Amazon Robotics fulflment centre alongside advanced robotics will more than double our operational footprint in Australia, enhance efciency An additional 700 jobs will be created during construction and ft out and safety for our associates while ultimately providing customers with wider selection and faster delivery. We look forward to creating more than 1,500 jobs, the majority of which are permanent full-time jobs, with the opportunity to work alongside advanced robotics to deliver the ultimate in service for customers. This investment will also beneft the 10,000 plus small & medium sized businesses who utilise Fulflment By Amazon to seamlessly service customers across the country,” said Craig Fuller, Director of Operations, Amazon Australia. “We remain committed to enriching and giving back to the local communities and look forward to working with the Council and local schools and groups to contribute and support the community around our new facility in a meaningful way,” he said. Amazon Australia recently announced environment. They also save space, The Premier of New South Wales, plans to open its frst Amazon Robotics allowing for 50% more items to be Gladys Berejiklian said, “This new fulflment centre (FC) at Goodman’s stowed per square metre. The fulflment centre, once up and running, will create Oakdale West Industrial Estate in centre will have a total foor area of more than 1,500 jobs in addition to 700 Western Sydney. Targeted for building around 200,000 square metres across construction jobs at a time when we completion in late 2021, the new FC four levels – around the same land size need them most. Amazon’s decision will create more than 1,500 jobs with as Taronga Zoo or 22 rugby felds – and to locate its frst robotic centre in industry leading pay and the opportunity house up to 11 million items. the Southern Hemisphere right here to work alongside advanced robotics. in Western Sydney is another great Amazon Robotics will ofer a diverse The construction and ft out of the state- example about what the future holds.” range of job opportunities in a high-tech, of-the-art facility will create an additional industry-leading workplace ranging from Minister for Jobs, Investment, 700 jobs. IT, HR and robotics professionals, to Tourism and Western Sydney Stuart The fulflment centre will be equipped associates who will work collaboratively Ayres said Amazon’s decision was a with the most advanced Amazon with robots, to pick, pack and ship vote of confdence in the NSW economy. Robotics technology to better assist smaller items such as books, beauty “The project will contribute to local employees and serve customers, and products, electronics and toys to workforce development and provide contribute to the company’s eforts customers. The majority of jobs will be skilled employment in areas like robotics, to deliver a smarter, faster and more permanent full time roles, with leading logistics and supply chain. It will also consistent experience for its customers pay and comprehensive benefts such help build our local e-commerce around Australia. Robots help speed as subsidised healthcare and up to 20 sector, giving small and medium sized order processing time by moving shelves weeks maternity pay. This upcoming businesses access to Amazon’s packing, to employees, thereby reducing the time building will be Amazon’s second FC in shipping, customer service and returns and eforts taken to stow items for sale Western Sydney, increasing its capacity capabilities, along with easier access to or pick them for new customer orders to fulfl customer orders as the business millions of customers across Australia and creating a more pleasant work continues to expand in Australia. and the world,” Mr Ayres said.

54 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders Construction has already begun on the tonnes of Australian steel, 3,000 tonnes to a large consumer population, transport Amazon Robotics FC which is well located more than the steel used in ANZ Stadium. links and the future Western Sydney for Western Sydney workers and for the The lease of the centre was facilitated by International airport, making it accessible transportation and delivery of customer CBRE’s Industrial & Logistics business. for faster deliveries both now and in the orders at the intersection of Penrith, Goodman Group General Manager future.” Blacktown and Parramatta. Amazon has Jason Little said: “Goodman’s strategy is Amazon.com.au launched in Australia worked with Goodman Group and its JV to provide our customers with highquality in December 2017 and now ofers partner Brickworks to secure the site and properties in strategic locations and this customers 125 million products across Goodman is managing the construction new Amazon robotics fulflment centre is 31 diferent categories including of the facility which will require 13,500 a perfect example of this. The site is close Amazon devices. Amazon Robotics will complement Amazon’s existing network of three Australian fulflment Fast facts about the building: centres launched in Dandenong South, • The total foor area of the building is around 200,000 sqm – around the same Melbourne in December 2017, followed land size as Taronga Zoo or 22 rugby felds. by Moorebank, Sydney in August 2018 and Perth’s Airport Precinct in November • The overall site is 150,000 sqm including 1,111 general carparks, 64 motorbike 2019. Earlier this month it announced its parks and 37 disabled carparks. fourth fulflment centre which will begin • 13,500 tonnes of Australian steel, 3,000 tonnes more steel than was used for operating in Lytton, Brisbane before ANZ Stadium. Christmas 2020. • More than 200,000 nuts / bolts will be used for the erection of the structural steel frame. Media contact: Jessica Makin, Operations PR General Data Points for Amazon Robotics Manager, Amazon Australia E: [email protected] M: +61 416 292 912. • Globally, we have more than 175 fulfllment centres and more than 40 sort centres About Amazon Amazon is guided by four principles: customer obsession rather than competitor focus, • We have opened more than 50 Amazon Robotic FCs around the world passion for invention, commitment to operational excellence, and long-term thinking. Customer reviews, • Amazon currently uses the help of more than 200,000 robotic drive units around 1-Click shopping, personalised recommendations, the world Prime, Fulflment by Amazon, AWS, Kindle Direct Publishing, Kindle, Fire tablets, Fire TV, Amazon Echo, • More than 1,000 Robotic Tech Vests have been activated in FCs around the and Alexa are some of the products and services world to help keep our people safe pioneered by Amazon. For more information, visit www.amazon.com/about and follow @AmazonNews • Since introducing robots in 2012, approximately 300,000 full-time jobs have been added by Amazon globally, disproving the misconception that machines are replacing humans in the workforce. Spring 2020 I Across Borders I55 e-COMMERCE

Ant Group Signs Strategic Blockchain Agreement with COSCO SHIPPING to Transform the Global Shipping Industry

On July 6, 2020, China COSCO Alibaba and Alipay (operated by Ant Group) jointly hold the most blockchain patents SHIPPING Corporation Limited worldwide, according to the China Patent Protection Association (COSCO SHIPPING), the world’s largest shipping company, signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Ant Group and Alibaba Group to jointly explore the application of Ant Blockchain, Ant Group’s proprietary blockchain technology, to transform the global shipping industry.

Global shipping typically requires large numbers of participants to manage complicated logistics processes — often requiring more than 30 intermediate steps. Traditionally, it has been costly and time consuming for all participants involved to track the process and verify shipping details in a global shipping assignment. Ant Blockchain can help ensure key logistics service providers, and supply shipping information such as container chain fnancing entities. It signifcantly This aspect of the global shipping industry makes it an ideal use case for records and logistics certifcates are improves transparency while reducing blockchain technologies, which can play tamper-proof, and are easily verifed and costs. a key role in building trust and reducing shared among all participants, including “Through Ant Group’s blockchain transactional costs for all parties. shipping companies, harbor managers, technology, we look forward to supporting the digital transformation of the global shipping industry, and working with COSCO SHIPPING to make it easier and more efcient to trade globally,” said Eric Jing, Executive Chairman of Ant Group.

Ant Blockchain is the largest productivity blockchain platform in China, with the ability to process and support one billion user accounts and one billion transactions every day. According to a report compiled by the China Patent Protection Association, as of May 14, 2020, Alibaba and Alipay (operated by Ant Group), jointly hold the most blockchain patents worldwide with 212 patents.

For the past three consecutive years, Ant Group has topped the global ranking for blockchain patent applications and Representatives of Ant Group, Alibaba Group and COSCO SHIPPING at the signing of authorizations, according to IPR Daily the strategic cooperation and patent database IncoPat.

56 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders INNOVATION

Real-time alerts via SMS or email can also be set up to notify users when product arrives at, or departs from pre-determined locations, and if consignment temperatures fuctuate outside set limits. These features come at a cost (e.g. a higher unit price and extra time to set them up compared to USB loggers) however, as export manager for Montague, Mark Bailey said “the main drawcard of these loggers is that the entire supply chain is more visible, and in real- time, so that potentially if there are any issues, then we can act on them in a more timely manner. For example, if we receive Keeping your temperature an alert and see the temperature increasing then we can contact the transport or shipping company and ask them to go and monitoring real check it out”. When deploying real-time loggers, it is recommended to start them 1 to 2 hours By GLENN HALE, Research Scientist - Agriculture Victoria and prior to positioning them in or on the top ANDREW MACNISH, Team Leader, Supply Chain Innovation – carton of the pallet closest to the door end of the shipping container. This ensures Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland minimal communication interference from the reefer motor and water mass Horticultural exporters need an generally, exporters only hear about poor of the fresh produce. Temperature data and location may be updated en-route efcient and reliable supply chain temperature management when there is an insurance claim and by then it is too late. depending on the location of the container for their fresh produce to arrive in on the vessel. If the shipping container is international markets in premium Several companies such as Emerson, stacked in the middle of the vessel or when condition. Temperature plays a big role Escavox, Fresh Key, Frigga, Sensitech the vessel is out at sea, then the signal may and Tive have developed new generation in maintaining freshness and quality of be compromised. Information will be stored wireless SIM-based data loggers that on the device until it comes into range with the produce. are capable of monitoring diferent the next available mobile tower where data parameters such as temperature, light, will be uploaded to internet cloud servers relative humidity, shock and location in and accessible to approved users. In the past, many growers and exporters real-time. These innovative loggers have deployed USB data loggers to monitor sea global coverage and work similar to a As part of the Serviced Supply Chains freight temperatures as they are cheap, mobile phone in that they connect to the project, scientists at Agriculture Victoria small, lightweight, reliable and easy to nearest phone tower via 2/3/4/5G. They recently deployed a Frigga B9B 3G use. However, if importers are too busy to autonomously upload data to cloud-based real-time device that successfully logged retrieve them and download the data then systems that can then be viewed on a temperature and location data of a there is no feedback to the exporter. So handheld device or PC. ‘Crimson Seedless’ table grape shipment and provided updates in Australia, Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia (Figure 1). Transit time from packing in Robinvale (northern Victoria) to Surabaya (Indonesia) was approximately 28 days. Sea freight temperatures were maintained at approximately 1 °C with only minor fuctuations at the port in Singapore, but well within export limits. Another advantage of these loggers is that sensor reports can be downloaded at any time in either PDF, CSV or Excel format so users will always have access to the data.

The Serviced Supply Chains project is funded by the Hort Frontiers Asian Markets Fund, part of the Hort Frontiers strategic partnership initiative developed by Hort Innovation with co-investment from the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries (DAF), Queensland; Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions (DJPR), Victoria; Manbulloo (mangoes); Montague (Summerfruit); Glen Grove (citrus); and the Australian Government plus in-kind support from The University of Queensland and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Figure 1. A real-time temperature logger (inset) used to monitor a sea freight consignment of For more information contact: ‘Crimson Seedless’ table grapes from Australia to Indonesia. Map is a screen shot of the vessels Glenn Hale at Agriculture Victoria on 0419 500 302 or route which was taken from a dashboard developed by DAF, Queensland. Photo courtesy of [email protected] or http://www.hin.com. Glenn Hale. au/current-initiatives/serviced-supply-chain

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I57 INNOVATION

Innovation supporting stronger cargo biosecurity

By THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICILTURE, WATER AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Managing increasing biosecurity risks is a priority for Australia. To address these risks, it is important to identify and implement new and innovative approaches to biosecurity operations.

The Department of Agriculture, Water “Earlier this year the Biosecurity arrangements located all around and the Environment is working Innovation Branch began trialling Australia,” Edwina said. closely with industry partners to deliver RealWear smart glasses technology “Sometimes our ofcers need to travel innovative projects to enhance the in rural tailgate inspection and remote signifcant distances to perform their capacity and sustainability of Australia’s auditing,” Ms Geiger said. regulatory functions. This technology biosecurity system. “This trial is testing the concept of using allows inspections to be conducted The department’s Biosecurity Innovation hands-free technology with live stream remotely, which would be more time Branch is fnding new ways to conduct capability to conduct rural tailgate efcient and allow more ofcers to be biosecurity inspections and audits in inspections and remote walkthrough available to provide other inspections for response to increasing trade volumes audits.” clients.” and COVID-19 restrictions. “The smart glasses technology will test The use of smart glasses may provide Head of Biosecurity Innovation at the whether inspections and audits can be better visibility at inspection sites, Department of Agriculture, Water and conducted remotely.” improve efciency, and address the Environment, Cathryn Geiger, said increasing trade volumes and the spread the team is collaborating with clients and “One person will wear the glasses and of pest and diseases. industry to run pilot trials for initiatives conduct a walkthrough of the cargo, Industry will beneft through a potential that will improve Australia’s biosecurity while a biosecurity ofcer views footage reduction in inspection-related costs, a system and help address a range of from the glasses remotely and provides stronger understanding of biosecurity challenges. advice and guidance on potential biosecurity risks.” risks managed through inspections, and the ability to shift resources to other The department procured the smart inspection activities. glasses technology from Bondi Labs. Bondi Labs will also provide expertise Rural tailgate inspection was selected and technical support during the pilot. for the pilot, as it has a high volume of inspections, with the department Edwina Durnford, Director of the inspecting up to 20 containers per department’s Inspection Group, said the week in some locations. A rural tailgate pilot project was a collaborative efort inspection involves directing containers which could have many benefts for the to an approved arrangement site to department and industry. check for biosecurity risks, including signs of pests, plant material and non- “With the increased volumes of cargo compliant packaging. arriving in Australia and the predicted trade volumes out to 2025, we do The Biosecurity Innovation Branch ran not have enough resources to have a successful mock trial in May 2020 our biosecurity ofcers in approved to test the technology’s capability to

58 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders “ANJ are excited to see the department, The smart glasses and in particular, the Biosecurity technology will test Innovation Branch, looking outside the box for new innovative ways they whether inspections can engage to regulate and facilitate and audits can be quarantine inspections and audits in Australia.” conducted remotely “The opportunities are endless with the smart glasses application, and we clearly show biosecurity risk material via hope this technology can be utilised live stream, particularly in areas such as in a number of approved arrangement twist locks, tynes and dark crevices of the inspections and treatment activities to container. reduce onsite quarantine staf hours.” A biosecurity ofcer wore the device “We believe there is potential to increase during an inspection exercise, while quarantine inspection hours by utilising Co-design is the way forward in innovation another ofcer viewed the live stream other states’ or countries’ time zones, and the Biosecurity Innovation Branch remotely. The trial was conducted on a which is something the industry has been continues to invite new biosecurity sea container using mock risk material, craving for years.” such as grain and soil. solution ideas from stakeholders. “We look forward to seeing where the Earlier this year the department partnered Phase 2 began in late July, to test the future takes the smart glasses application, connectivity and usability of the remote with Canberra Innovation Network to and we are thankful to be playing a pivotal technology and whether it can be ft for host a fully virtual Biosecurity Industry role working with the department in trailing purpose. As part of this phase, industry Innovation Challenge. Over 120 the technology.” representatives at Price & Speed and ANJ participants attended from universities, Container Services joined Inspections Price & Speed Managing Director research institutions and start-ups. Group staf to trial the smart glasses in the Kevin Malouf said innovation was the The program challenged innovators to depot environment. cornerstone of their industry and was propose solutions to four biosecurity Industry representatives will wear the key in eliminating wasteful processes and problems. Innovators with successful device, while a biosecurity ofcer views inefciencies, which are issues that have solutions were provided with up to the live feed from a remote location, such impacted all types of industry. $50,000 in Biosecurity Innovation Program as at home or at a regional ofce. During “Collaboration between the department funding to develop their ideas into a feasibility study. the test, the ofcer can direct the industry and approved arrangements is integral participant to areas around the site by to both our border and biosecurity,” Mr The department chose 3 proposals from using the audio function of the device. Malouf said. 23 applications, including a proposal to The industry representative can also be expand and re-purpose the Zirkata real- directed to manage any urgent biosecurity “The department’s smart glasses trial to time communication platform to determine risk matters discovered during the activity. facilitate tailgate inspections at Price & whether the platform can be varied Speed has been an exciting alliance.” While the focus of these pilots is to test to assist the department with remote the concept of remote inspection and auditing. remote audit applicability, the team will investigate its use into other areas. The opportunities The feasibility studies will be pitched to the department in late September. More Edwina said while the pilot was still in its are endless with information can be found at cbrin.com.au/ early stages, it was already delivering on biosecurity-challenge. the team’s expectations. the smart glasses There are many benefts when industry “We are very excited to see where we application and government collaborate and engage could apply this technology, not only in innovative ways to manage biosecurity in other areas of Inspections, but the risk, whilst still ensuring that Australia’s department more broadly,” she said. “To be involved frst-hand and to discern pest and disease status remains our how quickly and thoroughly tailgate “To see the reactions of our front-line highest priority. inspection can be completed with smart managers and staf when using this glasses will prove to be a game changer.” Using technology to create business technology for the frst time, along with efciencies within the biosecurity the industry participants, has been very “We believe this innovation is a positive environment will help manage the evolving rewarding.” step forward, with the added potential to and increasing biosecurity risks facing Barry Robertson, from ANJ Containers branch out to facilitate other inspections in Australia. These types of trials and said the company was thrilled to be one the foreseeable future. Price & Speed was innovation projects will help to redefne of two depots in Australia included in the excited by the technology’s potential.” Australia’s biosecurity operations. depot trial. “This will prove to be a benchmark future The department will continue to work “This is a testament to the strength development in delivering a service to the with industry partners to identify and of our working relationship with the industry that ensures our biosecurity is not implement innovative approaches to Department of Agriculture, Water and the compromised without hindering the fow strengthen the biosecurity system into the Environment,” of imported goods.” future.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I59 BIOSECURITY New Head of Biosecurity to continue department’s important work

By ANDREW TONGUE – Head of Biosecurity, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment

disembark people, or discharge cargo in Australia. The department will contact port authorities, the Australian Border Force and the Australian Maritime Safety Authority when an HBO advises a vessel may represent a COVID-19 risk and requires additional assessments or measures. We will continue to engage with industry as these changes are rolled out. It is important that we work collaboratively to support the efective and smooth implementation of this new process. Together, we will better manage the safe arrival of vessels to minimise COVID-19 Australia has faced signifcant challenges this year, from bushfres and risks. increasing biosecurity risks, to COVID-19. The new Department of BMSB seasonal measures and changes Agriculture, Water and the Environment continues to adapt and respond to for 2020-21 Australia’s changing priorities and I look forward to working with industry to The department has again introduced tackle evolving biosecurity threats, as the new Head of Biosecurity. heightened biosecurity measures for the 2020-21 Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) season, in response to the rapid I would like to acknowledge Lyn our biosecurity system, for the beneft of all expansion of the pest throughout North O’Connell, previous Head of Biosecurity, Australians. America and Europe. for her signifcant contributions and New COVID-19 pre-arrival health accomplishments during her fve years in The measures will strengthen the controls assessments for commercial vessels this role. we currently have in place to manage the Lyn has led the Biosecurity Group since We are working with the Department risk of BMSB, while still supporting the safe joining the department in 2015. Over the of Health and state and territory Chief and efcient movement of cargo. Human Biosecurity Ofcers to roll out a years, Lyn has helped deliver signifcant Despite a successful 2019-20 BMSB reforms and overseen the implementation new COVID-19 human health assessment season, the risk from this highly invasive of key legislative changes. This includes process for commercial vessels arriving in pest is increasing. The number of countries the successful introduction of the Australia. known to have BMSB rose from 9 to 33 Biosecurity Act 2015, and its subsequent The new process will enhance pre-arrival from 2018 to 2020. This has increased implementation. human health assessments to strengthen to 37 for the 2020-21 BMSB season, Lyn has also championed biosecurity Australia’s COVID-19 measures. with Ukraine, Portugal, Moldova and innovation, fostered our science capability Kazakhstan added to the list of target risk and been a strong advocate for the The frst phase was rolled out in July and countries. introduced pre-arrival questions specifcally department’s engagement with key A further 7 countries are identifed as industry stakeholders. related to COVID-19 symptoms. This will see a questionnaire sent to vessels that an emerging risk. These are Belarus, I wish Lyn well in her new role leading the identify illness in their pre-arrival report. Denmark, Ireland, Poland, Sweden, United department’s Water, Climate Adaptation, Kingdom and Chile. The department will Natural Disasters & Antarctic Group. Phase 2 will involve incorporating the continue to monitor emerging risks and questionnaire into the existing Maritime conduct random onshore inspections of Protecting Australia’s valuable agriculture Arrivals Reporting System (MARS) pre- goods shipped from these countries. sector and unique environment from arrival report to improve efciency. biosecurity risks is paramount in Measures will apply to certain goods safeguarding our country’s economy, food Vessels that report symptoms consistent manufactured in, or shipped from, target production and natural assets into the with COVID-19 will be assessed by a risk countries. They will also apply to future. I am committed to ensuring we medically trained Human Biosecurity Ofcer vessels that berth at, load or tranship from work together to continue strengthening (HBO) prior to being granted approval to target risk countries.

60 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders The measures apply to goods shipped from In 2018 we made improvements to Australian Biosecurity Award 1 September 2020 that arrive in Australia by Automatic Entry Processing functionality, nominations now open 31 May 2021 (inclusive). through the Automatic Entry Processing for Nominations for round 2 of the 2020 Commodities (AEPCOMM) reform project. The department recommends ofshore Australian Biosecurity Awards (ABAs) are This is beneftting our import industry, with treatment to reduce delays at the border. now open. The ABAs recognise signifcant faster clearance times and a reduction in The Ofshore BMSB Treatment Provider contributions from a wide range of document assessment fees and intervention. Scheme is open, and the department is biosecurity stakeholders and demonstrate already taking applications for treatment The system improvements were quickly the importance of biosecurity awareness and providers to be on the scheme for the 2020- substantiated in September 2018, with compliance in a broader context. 21 BMSB season. The department’s website the inclusion of AEPCOMM pathways for Previous award winners included key will be updated throughout the season goods subject to Brown marmorated stink representatives from the cargo and freight with registered ofshore BMSB treatment bug (BMSB) measures. Over the past two industry, including DHL Global Forwarding in providers. BMSB seasons, approximately 28,500 2019. DHL worked with the then Department We also continue to work closely with the import declarations with goods subject to of Agriculture and Water Resources New Zealand Ministry for Primary Industries BMSB measures were managed through the to support reforms to Automatic Entry on the 2020-21 measures to ensure AEPCOMM system rules. Processing for commodities (AEPCOMM). consistency between the two countries, It has also improved the department’s If you know a group or individual that where possible. capability to add commodities to deserves to be recognised, nominate them Industry engagement and cooperation is AEPCOMM. today. For more information on the awards, a key part of the success of our seasonal As of 31 July, 7 new commodities were visit awe.gov.au/ABA. BMSB measures and we appreciate your added to the AEPCOMM approved We all recognise how important biosecurity ongoing support. arrangement, and 3 existing commodity is to industry and the Australian economy. I know our industry stakeholders are aware groups have also been expanded to include We all have a role to play and I believe it is of the importance of these measures and additional AEPCOMM clearance pathways. important that those making a meaningful contribution to strengthening our systems why we must safeguard Australia from the This is the second major expansion of are acknowledged. risk of BMSB. commodities progressed by the department For further information on the seasonal since the 2018 reform. BMSB measures, visit agriculture.gov.au/ The department hosted a webinar on 4 bmsb. August 2020, which provided industry with Automatic Entry Processing for information on AEPCOMM expansion, and Commodities (AEPCOMM) reform was the mandatory Continued Biosecurity project Competency (CBC) activity for the 2020-21 period. The department is committed to working smarter and more efciently. This includes For further information on the AEPCOMM improving our systems to simplify import expansion, or to access the webinar declaration processes for our clients. recording, visit agriculture.gov.au/aep.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I61 BIOSECURITY

Is Your Approved Arrangement Audit Ready?

By ANDREW CHRISTIE, Director – Andrew Christie Consulting

Approved Arrangements represent a 2. Have your documents easily risk. Is there any other training or any other corner stone of our import and export accessible resources that you can provide your staf? Strong staf awareness and compliance business, and compliance with the There is nothing like a last-minute scramble means that small errors are picked up to locate the necessary documents for a Department of Agriculture, Water and before they become big problems or the the Environment’s requirements is department audit. Having your documents easily accessible won’t just assist with easy subject of a department audit. essential to maintaining your allocated access at audit time but will also mean that 5. Undertake regular in-house audits status. they are readily available to update and amend as needed. Easily accessible and The best way to ensure compliance and Regular auditing is part of the Departments up to date documents will certainly assist capture gaps in your processes is to mechanism for measuring compliance and at audit time. capture them early and capture them assuring ongoing mitigation of biosecurity yourself. Documents such as your Standard risk. Despite our knowledge of this, it is Operating Procedures and your treatment, Use your specifc and well organised cheat not uncommon for an audit to take us by waste and pest control receipts should sheets to undertake regular internal audits. surprise. There are however, steps you can be readily accessible from the Approved Where appropriate, get your frontline take to make sure that you have ongoing Arrangement premise in the event of a staf involved ensuring their awareness preparedness for a biosecurity audit. department audit. of the requirements as well as a sense of 1. Know your Approved Arrangement accountability and ownership of operational 3. Create cheat sheets with specifc requirements. processes and procedures. requirements Diferent Approved Arrangements have Prevention is always better than cure and diferent requirements. It is essential to If you fnd yourself in a position where the requirements for your Approved this is a sure-fre way to prevent signifcant know what your specifc requirements issues during department audits. are (especially if you have multiple Arrangement are detailed, or you hold arrangements) and how they are applied at many arrangements at the one premise, Departmental audits are nothing to fear your premise. set yourself up by creating cheat cheats by and are often a validation of the hard which you can regularly monitor adherence work and care that you and your staf Many of us have held an Approved to your requirements. demonstrate in the work that you do. Arrangement for some time and it is in That said, complacency is the death of these instances that it is critical to refresh Specifcity is key when creating tools like your knowledge of your arrangement cheat sheets. Don’t just know that you compliance and all too often, we can take requirements, ensure you are across any need certain signage at your premise. Be our eye of the prize and fnd ourselves with changes or updates to requirements and clear on how many signs you need and errors, issues and non-conformities that ask yourself “Are our current processes where they should be located at your could easily have been either prevented or and practices supporting our requirements premise. rectifed earlier. and mitigating biosecurity risk?” This ensures you are not just clear on Take the time to be on top of your your requirements but how these are Approved Arrangement requirements implemented, applied and managed at and the processes you have (or should your location. have) in place to manage biosecurity risk. 4. Make sure your staf have the right Should you start the process of reviewing training and levels of awareness your requirements and needs and feel you are not prepared or could use some It is one thing for you and your guidance establishing stronger Approved management team to be aware of the Arrangement protocols, reach out to a requirements of your arrangement and biosecurity facilitation consultant. to regularly review, but key to success is how well your frontline staf know these requirements and adhere to them in their day to day operations. Be aware of any mandatory training requirements and don’t be afraid to think outside of the square when it comes to boosting staf awareness of biosecurity

62 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders BORDER PROTECTION

you to continue to engage with us as the Australian Border Force – situation at our borders continues to evolve. If you do see something suspicious, you can make a confdential online report or Meeting COVID-19 challenges telephone Border Watch on 1800 061 800. For more information on what constitutes suspicious behaviour and what you can at the Border do about it, please visit www.abf.gov.au/ borderwatch. By Dr BRADLEY ARMSTRONG PSM - Deputy Comptroller-General of Another core part of our engagement Customs, Australian Border Force with you is through our Australian Trusted Trader program, which reduces red tape for businesses demonstrating compliant During the COVID-19 pandemic, the smugglers of drugs and other illicit goods to trade practices and secure supply chains, Australian Border Force’s (ABF) role at the conceal them on travellers. However, with expediting the fow of their cargo in and border is more important than ever. trade volumes still strong, it’s inevitable they out of Australia. We are still progressing will look for ways to use supply chains to While passenger air travel has dropped applications and where we can, subject to bring contraband to Australia. sharply, the ABF processed 57.8 million COVID-19 restrictions, validating businesses air cargo consignments in 2019-20 – up The ABF is alert to this and has surged to join the program. from 53 million in 2018-19. Wharf activity staf and resources to meet the threat. It’s You can fnd out more about the Australian remains strong, with redirected e-Commerce not a threat that we face alone. We work Trusted Trader program by visiting https:// resulting in the number of consignments closely with other law-enforcement agencies, www.abf.gov.au/att. arriving by sea increasing by 32 per cent in particularly the Australian Federal Police and We can also work with you if you are the past fnancial year. state and territory police services, as well as partner agencies at airports, seaports and in encountering unforeseen challenges with Overall, the ABF and trading community international mail centres. border clearance processes and systems as have adjusted well to COVID-19 disruptions, a direct result of COVID-19. The ABF has but other risks persist. Criminals are adept You, as traders and logistics professionals, a dedicated area to deal with COVID-19 are also a key partner. You understand what at identifying and exploiting perceived border-related questions and ideas. You can is happening out there in the freight sheds weaknesses at our borders; and rather than contact us at [email protected]. and cargo terminals. While the pandemic being deterred by events like a worldwide au. has been disruptive, there is still much that pandemic, see them as an opportunity. you and your staf can identify that doesn’t We will continue to work with you during For example, travel restrictions required look right. We have had some excellent this challenging time to facilitate legitimate to slow the spread of the coronavirus may results recently from referrals through our trade while preventing and disrupting the have signifcantly reduced opportunities for Border Watch program. We encourage movement of illicit and prohibited goods.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I63 BORDER PROTECTION

BorderWise: access comprehensive customs information from a single window

From supply and demand volatility to port closures and fight cancellations, COVID-19 has had far-reaching efects and has demonstrated just how deeply interconnected and interdependent the world’s supply chains are.

As some parts of the world begin to Australia, New Zealand, South Africa Special FTA members ofer move forward into the next phase of and the United States. Many FTA members have taken up our recovery, many logistics companies Check-out our growing Canada and special BorderWise ofer, benefting are looking to technology to help them Singapore libraries, featuring the from WiseTech Global’s commitment to optimise their processes and survive and local harmonized commodity coding continually innovate and build the best thrive in this new normal. schedules, free trade agreements, trade ecosystems for global logistics. BorderWise brings together a range of rulings and much more. For more details on this special ofer, visit FTAlliance.com.au. border compliance data – including law Everything you need in one window and regulation, tarifs and duty rates – Don’t risk fnes, costly delays or your In a single window, experience the and advanced search functionality for reputation. Let BorderWise navigate the convenience of searchable libraries that customs brokers, legal experts and other complex world of border compliance for help you quickly classify goods, identify trade professionals. you. duty rates, Free Trade agreements and It delivers detailed information from their Rules of Origin, assisting you to many sources with speed, quality and determine and apply the correct duty. accuracy, giving you peace of mind so you can focus on your core business Read and bookmark thousands of and customers. global customs publications, legislation, BorderWise’s prohibitions and restrictions, such as Navigate the complex world of weapons of mass destruction, dual-use Daily Updates border compliance goods and CITES endangered wildlife dashboard provides In an environment where commercial fauna and fora. imperatives put pressure on the need Find the relevant information to do your the most current key for speed, quality and accuracy may due diligence checks before you import be compromised. This can result in or export, reduce risk and manage changes and updates increased exposure to non-compliance complex areas such as dumping duty from authorities and and ultimately penalties. For trade early. professionals, compliance is not an industry on import BorderWise editions option – it’s the law. and export restrictions BorderWise’s Daily Updates dashboard There are three BorderWise editions to provides the most current key choose from – Single Window, Single and prohibitions changes and updates from authorities Window Plus Pro Pack and Global and industry on import and export Entries – featuring thousands of trade restrictions and prohibitions. related legal books, documents and resources. Global roll-out continues You can access BorderWise as a BorderWise’s customs and border standalone solution via a web or desktop reference library provides access to application, or through the CargoWise the World Customs Organisation’s customs module, increasing productivity Harmonised System publications, with in import and export declaration over 150 books per country library for preparation.

64 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders Spring 2020 I Across Borders I65 BORDER PROTECTION

Dumping Investigations and the role of an importer

By RUSSELL WIESE, Principal – Hunt & Hunt Lawyers

2020 has seen a surge in dumping actual domestic sale prices or whether it Keeping the ADC accountable will use a constructed value. Even if it uses investigations by the Australian There are many elements of a dumping actual domestic sale prices, the ADC may investigation that involve choices being Government. The focus has been not refer to all domestic sales. made by the ADC. If the only Australian on steel and aluminium goods from To have the best chance of avoiding duties submission received by the ADC is from China. The imposition of dumping or obtaining a low rate, the exporter needs the local industry, it will likely adopt that duties can efectively end supply to complete an exporter questionnaire approach. The relevant topics will be chains as the result can be dumping and will most likely need assistance from guided by the particular investigation but specialist advisors. If an exporter attempts could include: duties exceeding 100%. Often to navigate the Australian system on their • what goods are and are not included in the importer can feel helpless, as own, the likely outcome is a very high the goods under consideration much of the investigation focuses dumping duty rate. A supplier may not be • who should be treated as the exporter on the foreign exporter. This aware of this unless you inform them. Causation submissions • what method for imposing duties should raises the question, what can the be selected importer do when an investigation is Before dumping duties can be imposed, it • should the ADC use the exporter’s commenced. must be shown that there was (1) dumping, (2) material injury to the Australian actual domestic sale price or a constructed industry, and (3) the material injury was value Make sure the exporter is aware of the caused by the dumping. The last point • if there is a surrogate/benchmark steel investigation relates to causation and is an area where price used, which steel price should it be The most important initial task of an importers are better placed to comment • whether security measures should be importer is to make sure your supplier than exporters. You will know the industry imposed is aware of the investigation and the and why the Australian manufacturer is importance of being involved. You cannot sufering the claimed injury. It may be • whether the local industry has actually trust the Anti-Dumping Commission (ADC) due to product diference, decreasing sufered injury to identify and inform your suppliers. Too demand, bad business decisions, currency What is less relevant, and will generally often we only see suppliers becoming movement, increases in production costs, be dismissed by the ADC, are arguments involved once the ADC has set a high availability of alternative products or cheap regarding the public interest in having dumping duty rate. By this stage it is too imports from countries not the subject of free and open trade and preventing local late for the supplier to get their own rate. the investigation. manufacturers developing (or maintaining!) Does the supplier understand The ADC will not seek out these alternative a monopoly position. Australian investigations causes of loss and the local manufacturer While there can be debates about the Of course, it is not enough to merely be is unlikely to volunteer them. In the past merits of Australia’s dumping system, it aware of the investigation, they need to few years, we have been involved in is important that all interests are heard. understand what is required under the Investigations where dumping was found, Local manufacturers should not be the Australian system. The important point is but the ADC still proposed to terminate the sole Australian voice. International supply that it is not simply a question of whether investigation as it was convinced that the chains are important and can bring or not the exporter is selling goods at a dumping did not cause the alleged injury. benefts to the whole Australian economy. loss. Often the key issue is whether the Importer questionnaires Importers and their customers pay the ADC will take into account the supplier’s costs of dumping duty, so it is crucial that In some cases, the importer can greatly their voices are heard. assist their supplier by completing an importer questionnaire. The importer questionnaire can be especially important for related party importers. The ADC will use this information to verify that the Australian sales are proftable, and pricing is arm’s length. If the ADC cannot be satisfed of this, it may not base the export price on the actual sales price, but will derive it from the Australian sale price. This could reduce the export price and increase the dumping margin.

66 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders Economic response to COVID-19

By CLINT LATTA, Head of Trade and Policy, FTA / APSA

Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA) and the cash fow benefts available, only a minor Whilst any payment plan is being assessed, Australian Peak Shippers Association percentage of entities importing goods into that entity will be expected to comply with (APSA) continue to actively lead Australia are utilising the DGST Scheme. the proposed payment plan and ensure that all other ongoing payments are kept Where importing entities do not advocacy with the Federal Government up to date. Each entity will be assessed avail themselves of DGST benefts, to ensure that appropriate fnancial relief based upon their individual circumstances, reimbursement of GST payable at the border measures are available to members but must be able to demonstrate fnancial by service providers is then subject to the throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. hardship. commercial terms of business in place between the importer and service provider. The Department may consider any proposed As highlighted in the Winter 2020 edition The associated risks this presents for service payment plan but does not guarantee of Across Borders, the Australian Taxation providers in the international trade supply acceptance.” Ofce (ATO) provided formal advice that chain serves to support contractionary Biosecurity Fees statutory import charges that are passed on spending in an industry that plays a vital as an “agent” are not deemed as a supply. role in the process of economic recovery FTA / APSA provides member representation In efect, this defnition of “turnover” ensured and jeopardises business continuity. In our on the Department of Agriculture Cargo customs brokerages and freight forwarders view, this appears to be both unnecessary Consultative Committee (DCCC). In addition were not adversely impacted and remained and avoidable in a time of such economic to a briefng on the department’s cost eligible to apply for the important Cash uncertainty. recovery performance and outstanding Boost and JobKeeper schemes. debts, the department noted the difcult FTA / APSA understands through detailed Over the past quarter our engagement fnancial position facing many sectors of member feedback that signifcant uptake of industry and ofered to assess requests for has centred on the Deferred GST (DGST), DGST would be achieved if eligibility would import duty, Biosecurity fees and a need for appropriate payment plans on a ‘case by be extended to entities reporting their BAS ongoing fnancial support for the air cargo case’ basis. on a quarterly basis. sector. Members looking to request a variation In a formal letter to the Federal Treasurer, Deferred GST – a promising support to normal payment arrangements should FTA / APSA has recommended that urgent measure contact the department at ARhelpdesk@ consideration is given to an expansion to the awe.gov.au or call 1800 647 531. In consultation with both the ATO and existing DGST Scheme to include entities Treasury in March of this year, FTA / APSA that report on a quarterly basis. Air Cargo provided detailed feedback in relation Import Duty FTA / APSA sees signifcant merit in the to the use of the DGST Scheme as a announcement of an injection of another response measure that would support the While the Government has not announced $241.9M to continue the Interantional Freight fow of credit in the Australian economy, as a specifc relief measure in relation to Import Assistance Mechanism (IFAM) until February business, small and medium enterprises Duty, the Department of Home Afairs 2021. Importantly, this will complement (SMEs) in particular, adapted and emerged has advised FTA / APSA that they may JobKeeper until March 2021. through a period of economic rebound. consider modifcation of payment terms and conditions (payment plans and deferrals) In separate correspondence to the Federal FTA / APSA welcomed the immediate where an entity is experiencing fnancial Treasurer, FTA / APSA expressed concerns assistance provided by the ATO with an hardship. that this alone will not be sufcient to adjustment of eligibility criteria for the DGST adequately to support the sector. Scheme and an expedited application “This entity would need to propose a FTA / APSA recommended allocation process, which led to the largest number payment plan or deferral and provide of additional funds to maintain existing of applications being lodged with the ATO fnancial statements for at least the current schemes or similar fnancial relief measures since the introduction of the DGST Scheme fnancial year to date and the previous to support the entire air cargo international in 2000. fnancial year. supply chain until the end of 2021 (at a Notwithstanding the signifcant increase Other documentation and additional minimum), with actual allocation of funds in applications recently received by the information may also be required to support subject to periodic reviews pending the ATO, more recent engagement with FTA / any application which must be provided in return of international passenger fight APSA confrms that, despite the signifcant order to make an assessment. services.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I67 BORDER PROTECTION

HAPPY ANNIVERSARY – 15 years since the ICS implementation

By PAUL ZALAI – Co-founder and Director, Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA)

COVID-19 is clearly having with COMPILE to generate electronic The associated Trade Modernisation devastating economic impacts. releases at cargo terminals and licensed Legislation introduced new strict liability depots. The beneft that we had at the This being the most severe of ofences and the Infringement Notice time was that the implementation of Scheme. From a technology perspective, many major business disruptions these systems was gradual as each dedicated COMPILE lines into customs faced by the international trade shipping line, airline and freight forwarder brokerage ofces were replaced with sector over the last few decades. came on board as they were ready. modern Internet solutions and the use The result being that we had a hybrid of digital certifcates to meet security of manual and electronic reporting in requirements. Australian importers, exporters and place giving us the beneft of a phased trade logistics providers have built up implementation. Industry had serious concerns when resilience in dealing with trade wars, the complexity of the fnal design of This provided Customs with the luxury recessions, major industrial disputes and of “trial and error” to rectify systems and the reconciliation and failure to supply the like. processes until they were ft for purpose. diagnostics were revealed. It was One of the most signifcant events As a result, there were a lot of lessons evident that corporate and operational was the fawed implementation of the learnt about how to provide efective knowledge within Customs was missing, Australian Customs Service (Customs) diagnostics for online data matching at the same design faws that had Integrated Cargo System (ICS). purposes and streamlining of data been corrected over time in the legacy Customs adopted a “big bang” reconciliation requirements. systems were being reintroduced within approach, replacing import cargo Emergence of the ICS the ICS. reporting, declaration and clearance The late 1990s saw Customs introduce Lloyds List DCN (now Daily Cargo News) systems overnight – out with the old the “Cargo Management Strategy interviewed me on 14 April 2005 in terms and in with the new on Wednesday 12 (CMS)” as precursor to the “Cargo of how I saw the ICS implementation October 2005. Management Re-engineering (CMR)” shaping up. My reference to it being Over the ensuing months, Australian project with the aim being to re-engineer a “recipe for disaster” was brilliantly import trade was signifcantly afected processes and technology platforms. captured in a cartoon that said it all. by problems in statutory processing and generation of electronic cargo releases. Importers experienced delays in receipt of Christmas stock and the freight logistics industry had an almighty battle to keep their businesses operating. Customs systems evolution Customs was a world leader in systems development creating COMPILE (Customs Online Method of Preparing Invoice Lodgeable Entries) in the mid- 1970s with enhancements over time including EDI transmissions and EFT payment of fees and taxes. During the 1990s manual cargo reporting of paper manifests and air waybills was replaced by the implementation of EDI applications in the form of Air and Sea Cargo Automation systems (ACA / SCA). Industry will recall only too well that the implementation of ACA and SCA came with its difculties as it introduced complex matching of consignment data

68 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders The fawed implementation Unfortunately, our worst fears were realised. The initial impact was felt in the airfreight environment when the ICS went live on 12 October 2015 however issues quickly spread to our wharves as industry struggled to reconcile import declaration and cargo report data compounded by the diabolically poor response times in the interactive functionality. By this time, the mainstream media were also all over the issues with the problems headlining our daily news. I had appearances on Channel 9 (interviewed by the late Peter Harvey), ABC News, a string of articles in the Australian Financial Review, the Australian and featured on talk back radio including an in-depth interview with Alan Jones. Media reports suggested that Australia’s largest single importer at the time, Coles Myer, had around 4,000 containers delayed on the wharves and the talk of compensation for industry was being muted. order before the Tradegate contract for Trusted Trader programme and a trade managing the COMPLIE network expired modernisation focus. Whilst this got the message out to the on 3 February 2006. wider public, the industry remained The current ABF Commissioner, Michael desperately working around the clock The recovery Outram, is now at the helm of what is now an aging, but stable and reliable platform. searching for solutions. The IAG proved to be an efective Industry users of the system were not stakeholder group leading a steady level So where to from here? the only ones sufering. Customs ofcers of recovery, but by this stage much There has been much hype around the also worked night and day deploying damage was done. need for a “Single Window”, in essence, “workarounds” to keep a trickle of cargo Minister Ellison reported to parliament a mechanism for the trade sector to fowing. that Customs had received compensation deal with all of government through On the evening of 17 October 2005, I claims for $525,000 over ICS related a streamlined reporting mechanism. received a call at home from the ofce of delays from 171 parties including 117 Thankfully, there does not appear to Prime Minister and Cabinet asking what importers – of this $406,636 were for be an appetite for another “big bang” was needed to get this mess out of the container storage and detention fees. approach. Instead we are likely to see media spotlight. an evolution of integration between the In reality, this would have been just the tip ICS and government agencies combined I accepted an ofer and few to Canberra of a very large iceberg of the true costs. with alternate reporting mechanisms for the next day to meet with a prominent Trusted Traders. Prime Minister and Cabinet representative So what has happened since 2006? with our talks ultimately resulting in the Customs were signifcantly scarred by The key for Customs is to have close then Customs Minister Chris Ellison calling the ICS implementation and became engagement with industry, look to a meeting with key stakeholders. At the completely risk averse in terms of innovative reforms and not forget the ensuing meeting, the minister announced implementing revised processes. Michael corporate history and lessons learnt from the formation of the Industry Action Group Carmody replaced Lionel Woodward legacy systems’ implementation. (IAG) and that I would be the co-chair as Chief Executive Ofcer in December At the beginning of the year, I was invited of the group, alongside Phil Burns of 2005 taking an understandably focussed by Commissioner Outram to be an Customs, with the responsibility to see in approach on consolidation, with very few inaugural member of the newly formed the post implementation remedial action. enhancements to the ICS and limited Customs Advisory Board. review of cargo management processes. Ongoing access to COMPILE during Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA) looks this period was vital as a part of the It was not until Michael Pezzullo took forward to working with industry peers, workaround arrangements allowing some the reigns as CEO in 2012 and Roman members and government in managing users business continuity whilst waiting for Quaedvlieg as Commissioner of the newly ongoing reform in business models, completed ICS functionality. formed Australian Border Force (ABF) that signifcant growth in parcel e-commerce Customs was well and truly feeling we saw real innovation ultimately leading transactions and introduction of new the heat and a need to get things in to the initiation of the Australian technologies.

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I69 SPONSORS Whats on... Calendar The Australian Peak Shippers Association (APSA) and Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA) would like to of events 2020/21 acknowledge the following sponsors for their ongoing support of the Alliance.

Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA) is accredited by the Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (to deliver CBC training) and by the Australian Border Force (to deliver licensed customs broker CPD training) allowing members to receive high uality, ractical, cost efective and exible solutions. Further details and to book your place please go to www.FTAlliance.com.au/Upcoming-Events

CONTINUED BIOSECURITY COMPETENCY (CBC) CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT (CPD)

FTA has received advice from the Department CPD BORDER COMPLIANCE PROGRAM of Agriculture, Water and the Environment that (24 CPD POINTS) ONLY one activity will need to be completed to maintain accreditation for the 1.. Automated Entry SYDNEY Processing for Commodities (AEPCOMM) Approved Friday, 5 February & repeated Arrangement for the current period (1 April 2020 to 31 Saturday, 6 February 2021 8.30am to 4.30pm March 1. Novotel Sydney Brighton Beach Hotel, Cnr Grand Parade and Princess Street, Note: No mandatory training for NCCC accredited Brighton Le Sands persons and no Information Session for either NCCC or AECOMM is reuired. MELBOURNE The Department hosted a live webinar on 4 August Friday, 12 February 2021 & repeated 2020. The webinar recording and resources required Saturday, 13 February 2021 to complete the activityare now available online via 8.30am to 4.30pm ComlianceNetFTA. Hyatt Place Melbourne, 1 English Street, Essendon Fields Note the AEPCOMM activity and assessment must be completed by 21 September 2020 BRISBANE Wednesday, 17 February 2021 MAINTAIN YOUR AEPCOMM ACCREDITATION - 8.30am to 4.30pm Complete the CBC Activity 20-21/01 (DOA030) via Novotel Brisbane Airport, 6 – 8 The Circuit, www.ComplianceNetFTA.com.au Brisbane Airport Cost: $49.50 (incl. gst) This CBC Activity and assessment is also included PERTH in the member CPD & CBC Training Package – Saturday, 20 February 2021 Cost $165 (incl. gst) 8.30am to 4.30pm Hyatt Regency Perth, 99 Adelaide Terrace, Perth

WOMEN IN LOGISTICS

2021 Women in Logistics Forum – celebrating Women’s International Day ONLINE TRAINING Monday, 8 March 2021 FTA and ASA ofer ractical online training at 12.00pm to 4.00pm www.ComlianceNetFTA.com.au with resources and Novotel Sydney Brighton Beach Hotel, Cnr Grand online assessment available at listed rices. Members Parade and Princess Street, Brighton Le Sands are ofered unlimited Continuing rofessional Development (CPD) and Continued Biosecurity To fnd out more about advertising in Across Borders or how to become an APSA / FTA sponsor, please refer Cometency CBC training for 1 excl GST er to www.FTAlliance.com.au or contact us at [email protected] erson er accreditation eriod 1 Aril to 1 March. Further discounts are ofered to businesses with multiple purchases with the option for an all inclusive invoice for FTA Premium Membership and CPD / CBC training - price on application to calaiFTAlliance.com.au

70 I Spring 2020 I Across Borders Whats on... Calendar of events 2020/21

Freight & Trade Alliance (FTA) is accredited by the Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (to deliver CBC training) and by the Australian Border Force (to deliver licensed customs broker CPD training) allowing members to receive high uality, ractical, cost efective and exible solutions. Further details and to book your place please go to www.FTAlliance.com.au/Upcoming-Events

CONTINUED BIOSECURITY COMPETENCY (CBC) CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT (CPD)

FTA has received advice from the Department CPD BORDER COMPLIANCE PROGRAM of Agriculture, Water and the Environment that (24 CPD POINTS) ONLY one activity will need to be completed to maintain accreditation for the 1.. Automated Entry SYDNEY Processing for Commodities (AEPCOMM) Approved Friday, 5 February & repeated Arrangement for the current period (1 April 2020 to 31 Saturday, 6 February 2021 8.30am to 4.30pm March 1. Novotel Sydney Brighton Beach Hotel, Cnr Grand Parade and Princess Street, Note: No mandatory training for NCCC accredited Brighton Le Sands persons and no Information Session for either NCCC or AECOMM is reuired. MELBOURNE The Department hosted a live webinar on 4 August Friday, 12 February 2021 & repeated 2020. The webinar recording and resources required Saturday, 13 February 2021 to complete the activityare now available online via 8.30am to 4.30pm ComlianceNetFTA. Hyatt Place Melbourne, 1 English Street, Essendon Fields Note the AEPCOMM activity and assessment must be completed by 21 September 2020 BRISBANE Wednesday, 17 February 2021 MAINTAIN YOUR AEPCOMM ACCREDITATION - 8.30am to 4.30pm Complete the CBC Activity 20-21/01 (DOA030) via Novotel Brisbane Airport, 6 – 8 The Circuit, www.ComplianceNetFTA.com.au Brisbane Airport Cost: $49.50 (incl. gst) This CBC Activity and assessment is also included PERTH in the member CPD & CBC Training Package – Saturday, 20 February 2021 Cost $165 (incl. gst) 8.30am to 4.30pm Hyatt Regency Perth, 99 Adelaide Terrace, Perth

WOMEN IN LOGISTICS

2021 Women in Logistics Forum – celebrating Women’s International Day ONLINE TRAINING Monday, 8 March 2021 FTA and ASA ofer ractical online training at 12.00pm to 4.00pm www.ComlianceNetFTA.com.au with resources and Novotel Sydney Brighton Beach Hotel, Cnr Grand online assessment available at listed rices. Members Parade and Princess Street, Brighton Le Sands are ofered unlimited Continuing rofessional Development (CPD) and Continued Biosecurity Cometency CBC training for 1 excl GST er erson er accreditation eriod 1 Aril to 1 March. Further discounts are ofered to businesses with multiple purchases with the option for an all inclusive invoice for FTA Premium Membership and CPD / CBC training - price on application to calaiFTAlliance.com.au

Spring 2020 I Across Borders I71 100% End To End Customs Clearance Solutions. 100% Wholesale.

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