Sympatric Parallel Diversification of Major Oak Clades in the Americas
Research Sympatric parallel diversification of major oak clades in the Americas and the origins of Mexican species diversity Andrew L. Hipp1,2, Paul S. Manos3, Antonio Gonzalez-Rodrıguez4, Marlene Hahn1, Matthew Kaproth5,6, John D. McVay3, Susana Valencia Avalos7 and Jeannine Cavender-Bares5 1The Morton Arboretum, 4100 Illinois Route 53, Lisle, IL 60532, USA; 2The Field Museum, 1400 S Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA; 3Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; 4Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Antigua Carretera a Patzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex Hacienda de San Josedela Huerta, Morelia, Michoacan 58190, Mexico; 5Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; 6Department of Biological Sciences, Minnesota State University, Mankato, MN 56001, USA; 7Herbario de la Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biologıa Comparada, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior, s.n., Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, CP 04510, Mexico City, Mexico Summary Authors for correspondence: Oaks (Quercus, Fagaceae) are the dominant tree genus of North America in species number Andrew L. Hipp and biomass, and Mexico is a global center of oak diversity. Understanding the origins of oak Tel: +1 630 725 2094 diversity is key to understanding biodiversity of northern temperate forests. Email: ahipp@mortonarb.org A phylogenetic study of biogeography, niche evolution and diversification patterns in Paul S. Manos Quercus was performed using 300 samples, 146 species. Next-generation sequencing data Tel: +1 919 660 7358 Email: pmanos@duke.edu were generated using the restriction-site associated DNA (RAD-seq) method. A time- calibrated maximum likelihood phylogeny was inferred and analyzed with bioclimatic, soils, Jeannine Cavender-Bares and leaf habit data to reconstruct the biogeographic and evolutionary history of the American Tel: +1 612 624 6337 Email: cavender@umn.edu oaks.
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