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The Red List of Oaks Sara Oldfield and Antonia Eastwood FAUNA & FLORA INTERNATIONAL (FFI) , founded in 1903 and the world’s oldest international conservation organization, acts to conserve threatened species and ecosystems worldwide, choosing solutions that are sustainable, are based on sound science and take account of human needs. Published by Fauna & Flora International, Cambridge, UK. © 2007 Fauna & Flora International ISBN: 9781 903703 25 0 BOTANIC GARDENS CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL (BGCI) Reproduction of any part of the publication for educational, conservation and other non-profit is a membership organization linking botanic gardens in over 100 purposes is authorized without prior permission from countries in a shared commitment to biodiversity conservation, the copyright holder, provided that the source is fully sustainable use and environmental education. BGCI aims to mobilize acknowledged. botanic gardens and work with partners to secure plant diversity for the Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes well-being of people and the planet. BGCI provides the Secretariat for is prohibited without prior written permission from the the IUCN/SSC Global Tree Specialist Group. copyright holder. The designation of geographical entities in this document and the presentation of the material do not imply any expression on the part of the authors or Fauna & Flora International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or its authorities, or concerning the delineation of its frontiers or boundaries. AUTHORS THE GLOBAL TREES CAMPAIGN is a joint initiative between FFI and Sara Oldfield is Secretary General of Botanic Gardens BGCI in partnership with a wide range of other organizations around Conservation International (BGCI) and Chair of the the world. The aim of the Campaign is to save the world’s most IUCN/SSC Global Tree Specialist Group. threatened trees and the habitats in which they grow through the Antonia Eastwood was formerly Tree Red List Officer provision of information, delivery of conservation action and support for at Fauna & Flora International and is now Plant sustainable use. Ecologist at the Macaulay Institute, Aberdeen, Scotland. The opinion of the individual authors does not necessarily reflect the opinion of either the editors or Fauna & Flora International. The authors and Fauna & Flora International take no THE IUCN/SSC GLOBAL TREE SPECIALIST GROUP forms part responsibility for any misrepresentation of material from translation of this document into any other language. of the Species Survival Commission’s volunteer network of over 7000 volunteers working to stop the loss of plants, animals and their habitats. COVER PHOTOS SSC is the largest of the six Commissions of IUCN-The World Front cover: Quercus rysophylla by Juan Pablo Moreiras/FFI. Back cover: Girl with acorn of Quercus Conservation Union. It serves as the main source of advice to the Union insignis by Allen Coombes. and its members on the technical aspects of species conservation. The aims of the IUCN/SSC Global Tree Specialist Group are to promote and COVER DESIGN John Morgan, Seascape. implement global red listing for trees and act in an advisory capacity to the Global Trees Campaign. Printed on 80% recycled, 20% FSC certified paper. The Red List of Oaks Sara Oldfield and Antonia Eastwood The Red List of Oaks CONTENTS Acknowledgements 3 Acronyms 3 Foreword 4 Introduction 5 References 8 LIST OF GLOBALLY THREATENED OAKS 9 List of Oaks evaluated as Least Concern 21 References 27 ANNEX 1 IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria 29 2 The Red List of Oaks ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS any experts around the world the Mexican workshop were Susanna Participants at the Guatemala workshop have contributed information and Valencia-Avalos, and Fernando Zavala- held in September 2005 were, from Mundertaken assessments for this Chavez. Participants at the China CONAP: Omar Molina, Hiram Ordóñez, global evaluation. Their input is gratefully workshop were Zhekun Zhou and D. Min. Julio Madrid, Edy Girón, Julio Tzirin, Otoniel acknowledged. Simon Mickleburgh, FFI, Participants at the Caucasus workshop Chacón, Mygdalia García, Lis Lima, Héctor prepared the lists of endemic species by were Dr Otar Abdaladze, Institute of Gutiérrez and Julio Cruz Corzo; from country and species with widespread Botany, Georgia; Dr Maia Akhalkatsi, CECON: Miguel Flores, Ana María Ortiz, distributions considered to be Least Institute of Botany, Georgia; Ketevan Rebeca Orellana, Marie Storek and Julio Concern, undertook the preliminary Batsatsashvila, Institute of Botany, Morales; from other institutions: Conrado assessments of the US species using the Georgia; Dr Marina Eristavi, Institute of Valdés Markwordt (USAC), Martín Sánchez IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria Botany, Georgia; Dr George Fayvush, (Central University of the South West / and undertook much of the initial Institute of Botany, Armenia; Giorgi Gigauri, USAC), Brenda Chávez (Museum Jorge correspondence with experts. Tiffany WWF Caucasus, Georgia; Dr Adil Güner; Ibarra of Natural History), Herbert Ortega Aylett made most of the arrangements for Dr Mirian Gvritishvili, Tbilisi Botanic (National School of Agricultural Training, the Regional Tree Red Listing Workshop Garden, Georgia; Professor Vahid Hajiyev, ENCA), Mario Díaz (INAB). in the Caucusus, working with the local Institute of Botany, Azerbaijan; Professor NGO NACRES. Dr Georgina Magin, Svetlana Litvinskaia, Suban State Other people who have contributed Global Trees Campaign Coordinator, has University, Russia; Dr Zurab Manvelidze, valuable advice and/or information are managed various aspects of the project Batumi Botanical Garden, Georgia; Dr Dr Jeffrey Bacon, Mexico; Bruce including final editing and production of George Nakhutsrishvilli, Director of the Bartholemew, California Academy of the report. Fiona Wild helped to edit the Tbilisi Institute of Botany, Georgia; Dr Sciences; Rosalina Berazaín, Cuba; Y. document. Galina Pronkina; IUCN, Russia; Professor Cheng, Taiwan; Dr Lillian Chua, Forest Dr Peter A. Schmidt, University of Research Institute Malaysia; Dr Giuseppe Allen Coombes of Sir Harold Hillier Dresden, Germany; Dr Shamil Shetekauri, Garfì, Sicily; M. González-Espinosa, Gardens and Arboretum provided expert Institute of Botany, Georgia; Dr Shalva Mexico; Dr Felix Llamas, University of input throughout the project. He organized Sikharulida, Bakuriani Alpine Botanical Leon, Spain; Martín E. Mitre, Panama; the workshop in China and, jointly with Garden, Georgia; Dr Tatyana Shulkina, Neptali Ramírez-Marcia, Mexico; Dr Nghia, Maricela Rodriguez-Acosta, organized the Missouri Botanical Garden and Dr Kamilla Vietnam; G. Rusea, Malaysia; and workshop in Mexico. Other participants at Tamanyan, Institute of Botany, Armenia. Dr Salma Talhouk, Lebanon. LIST OF ACRONYMS BGCI Botanic Gardens Conservation International NGO Non-government Organization CBD Convention on Biological Diversity SSC Species Survival Commission CECON Nature Conservation Centre, Guatemala UNEP-WCMC United Nations Environment Programme- C&I Criteria and Indicators World Conservation Monitoring Centre CONAP National Council for Protected Areas, Guatemala UNAM Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México FFI Fauna & Flora International USAC University of San Carlos, Guatemala GSPC Global Strategy for Plant Conservation GTSG Global Tree Specialist Group IPA Important Plant Area INAB National Forestry Institute, Guatemala IUCN International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources 3 The Red List of Oaks FOREWORD rees are important to the well-being and trade in plants. Projects of the Global of people in every country of Trees Campaign carried out in Tthe world, providing essential partnership with organizations and ecological, economic and cultural individuals around the world help to services. Oak trees are valued for their deliver these various targets. The projects uses as a source of timber, cork, dyes contribute to halting the loss of forest and animal fodder. They are of symbolic biodiversity and the provision of support value in many cultures and widely planted to rural livelihoods. ornamentally. Ecologically, oaks are keystone species in a wide range of The Global Tree Specialist Group is habitats from Mediterranean semi-desert committed to undertaking a global to subtropical rainforest. Oaks are under assessment of the conservation status of threat in the wild from general forest tree species. Results of the global loss and over-exploitation of particular assessment will be published as species. This report presents a review of components of the work are completed. the conservation status in the wild of oaks This will ensure that regular indicators of worldwide, undertaken by the IUCN/SSC progress are produced, updated tree Global Tree Specialist Group. conservation data are made widely available and that tree conservation Since its establishment in 2003, the initiatives around the world can be primary role of the IUCN/SSC Global Tree supported. This fourth publication Specialist Group has been to assess the highlights the urgent need to take action global conservation status of tree species for globally threatened oak species. in selected geographical areas and Unfortunately, it also highlights major taxonomic groups. The Red List of Oaks information gaps in the conservation is the fourth publication in the series. status of species in the wild. The report makes a strong plea for further research The collection of information on tree and action to
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