DOCSLIB.ORG

Tidal and Diel Dynamics in a Nursery Area: Patterns in Fish Migration in a Mangrove in North Brazil

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tidal and Diel Dynamics in a Nursery Area: Patterns in Fish Migration in a Mangrove in North Brazil Center for Tropical Marine Ecology Tidal and Diel Dynamics in a Nursery Area: Patterns in Fish Migration in a Mangrove in North Brazil Uwe Krumme Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Natural Sciences Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry) University of Bremen August, 2003 Center for Tropical Marine Ecology Tidal and Diel Dynamics in a Nursery Area: Patterns in Fish Migration in a Mangrove in North Brazil Uwe Krumme Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Natural Sciences Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry) University of Bremen August, 2003 ADVISORY COMMITTEE 1. Referee: Prof. Dr. Ulrich Saint-Paul (University Bremen, Center for Topical Marine Ecology, Germany) 2. Referee: Prof. Dr. Reiner Eckmann (University Konstanz, Limnological Institute, Germany) 1. Examiner: Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Hagen (University Bremen, Germany) 2. Examiner: Dr. Werner Ekau (Center for Topical Marine Ecology, Germany) 1. Member: Dipl.-Biol. Inga Nordhaus (Center for Topical Marine Ecology, Germany) 2. Member: Cand. rer. nat. Marion Kohn (University Bremen, Germany) To Reciane, Andreas and Chico 1 TABLE OF CONTENT List of Papers……………………………………………………………………………. 2 Summary.................................................................................................................…....... 3 Resumo...………............................……..............................................................…...….... 4 Zusammenfassung..............................................................................................….....….. 6 Scope of the Thesis ...........................................................................................…..…..…. 8 Sampling methods in tidal environments………….....….................................…....… 11 Temporal resolution, sampling effort and significance of results...................……….. 13 Interactions of tidal and diel cycle………............….......................................……...... 15 Importance of high-resolution sampling for identification of key patterns in tidal ecosystems...…..............……………………………………………...............…......... 16 Results................................................................................................................…............. 18 Patterns in the tidal migration of mangrove fish..........................................…..…....... 18 Tide and diel patterns..........................................................................…...…...... 18 Within-tidal cycle patterns....................................................................…...….... 19 Concluding Remarks and Research Perspectives...........................................….....….. 22 Acknowledgements..............................................................................................….......... 25 Literature cited.....................................................................................................…......... 27 Paper I Krumme et al., Tidal and diel changes in fish assemblage structure….…….…... 34 Paper II Krumme & Saint-Paul, Horizontal beaming…………………………….……... 77 Paper III Krumme, Vertical beaming…………………………………………………… 100 Paper IV Krumme & Liang, Tidal induced changes in a zooplankton community…….. 133 Paper V Brenner & Krumme, Migration and patterns in feeding of A. anableps.……..... 152 2 LIST OF PAPERS This thesis is based on the following papers, which are referred to by their Roman numerals. All papers are reproduced with the kind permission of the copyright holder. Paper I Krumme U., Saint-Paul U., Rosenthal H., (Submitted). Tidal and diel changes in the structure of a nekton assemblage in small intertidal creeks in Northern Brazil. Aquatic Living Resources. Paper II Krumme U. and Saint-Paul U., 2003. Observations of fish migration in a macrotidal mangrove channel in Northern Brazil using a 200-kHz split-beam sonar. Aquatic Living Resources, 16(3): 175-184. Paper III Krumme U., (Submitted) Patterns in the tidal migration of fish in a North Brazilian mangrove channel as revealed by vertical beaming using a 200 kHz split-beam sonar. Fisheries Research. Paper IV Krumme U. and Liang, T.H., (In Press) Tidal induced changes in a copepod-dominated zooplankton community in a macrotidal mangrove channel in northern Brazil. Zoological Studies. Paper V Brenner M. and Krumme U., (Submitted) Tidal migration and patterns in feeding of the four-eyed fish Anableps anableps L. in a North Brazilian mangrove. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 3 SUMMARY Anthropogenic degradation of mangroves - the intertidal forested wetlands on tropical and subtropical coasts - has increased dramatically in recent years. This thesis is part of a long-term project in the comparably undisturbed mangrove estuary of the Caeté River near Bragança (Pará, North Brazil), exposed to semidiurnal macrotides. The ecological investigations of the project focus on factors determining characteristic spatio-temporal patterns and the development of new methodological approaches to study such patterns. Mangroves are considered important as fish nurseries worldwide. The tide induces large-scale exchange processes of fish between the submerged mangrove at high water (HW) and the subtidal areas at low water (LW) on a short-time scale. These short-time dynamics in the tidal migrations of the fish are yet poorly understood, albeit they likely represent one of the most direct ecological links in the system because they include the everyday survival strategies and use patterns of the fish in this amphibious environment. Block netting in intertidal mangrove creeks at HW revealed the overwhelming significance of the factors tide and time of day and their combinations (spring tide at dusk and dawn, neap tide at midday and midnight) in structuring fish assemblages. In contrast to neap tide and daylight when nekton catches were poorest, spring tide and darkness produced the most complex fish assemblage structure when abundant species occurred with increased proportions and more rare species entered. Extreme spring tides produced extraordinary high nekton catches. Fish apparently respond with increased immigration to flood features that indicate increased HW levels. A stronger flood tide provides earlier habitat accessibility and increased resource availability for intertidal fish. Intertidal fish were juveniles or adults of small species, or juveniles of larger species. The almost complete absence of larger piscivores in the intertidal creek network suggests a low risk of predation for the juveniles, emphasizing the mangroves’ great nursery function. Stomach analyses of fish showed that the intertidal movements are usually feeding migrations. Fish were concentrated in the subtidal sections at LW. However, not all intertidal species and age groups reside at LW near the areas where they feed at HW. Hence, the fish may split their migration routes intra- and interspecifically at ebb tide to return to a specific LW habitat. Pioneer studies with a 200 kHz split-beam sonar beaming horizontally and vertically in a large mangrove channel, revealed that the entire fish community rode the first flood rise to achieve upstream transport and to enter the intertidal zone. At slack HW the fish milled around, indicating active foraging behavior. Despite low Secchi depths, diel changes in vertical distribution were apparent when fish exploited the water column only at night. Tracking parameters like direction of travel, swimming speed, track tortuosity and target strength showed tidal-related changes. The sonar provided unique high-resolution, non-invasive insights into the natural movement patterns of the fish. It has a high potential to advance the methodological approach in studying short-time patterns in fish migration. The surface-swimming four-eyed fish Anableps anableps entered the intertidal creeks rapidly with the first flood rise. They fed in the submerged mangrove at HW and returned gradually after the ebb current maximum to concentrate again in the subtidal parts of the main channel at LW. The combination of high inundation at daylight (spring tide-dawn) provided optimum foraging conditions for A. anableps while darkness and low inundation was linked to poorest foraging conditions (neap tide-night). The tidal migration of A. anableps was controlled by the water level, not by time. Fish that move into the intertidal zone early and leave late in the tidal cycle most likely optimize their foraging time in this shallow water environment. The mangrove zooplankton was dominated by copepods, an important food for juvenile fish. Zooplankton densities were higher at spring than at neap tide. In contrast to the number of zooplankton species, the densities were lowest at HW and highest at LW. Obviously, the temporal variations in abundance of fish and zooplankton are synchronized by the tide. This points to the need for simultaneous multi-disciplinary short-time sampling to comprehensively cover the range of possible functional interrelations between system compartments in areas exposed to extreme environmental conditions. 4 RESUMO As degradações antropogênicas de manguezais (florestas inter-tidais de litorais tropicais e subtropicais) aumentaram dramaticamente nos útimos anos. Esta dissertação faz parte de um projeto de longo prazo, realizado em uma área de manguezal no estuário do rio Caeté, em Bragança (Pará - Norte do Brasil). Este estuário é exposto a macro-marés semi-diúrnas, e é relativamente preservado se comparado com outros estuários. As investigações ecológicas do projeto
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Getting a Read on Marblehead
    TUESDAY, JANUARY 5, 2021 Bittersweet Brigade cleans up Salem By Guthrie Scrimgeour the grasses, shrubs and trees that go reddish-brown creeping stems and ITEM STAFF along with those, we’re going to contin- clusters of orange berries, can be ue to lose the native biodiversity. Cut- found along many Salem roadsides, as SALEM — A crew of 16, including ting the bittersweet is part of that.” well as in parks and forests. several city council members, were Bittersweet is an invasive species The group focused on the area hard at work Sunday in front of the in front of Horace Mann (formerly Horace Mann Lab School, clearing native to Asia that can devastate a lo- cal ecosystem if left unregulated. Bowditch) because of the four large the area of invasive bittersweet vines, native cottonwoods that were being which have been killing local cotton- “The bittersweet has the capacity to climb 70 or 80 feet up a tree,” said threatened by the bittersweet. wood trees. The crew, which dubbed itself the Salem resident Chris Burke orga- Burke. “Then it kills the tree by put- ting its foliage over the tree’s foliage. “Bittersweet Brigade,” included City nized the project, along with Richard Councilors Domingo Dominguez and The binds are tight so they pull the Stafford, also of Salem, in hopes of in- Patti Morsillo. branches down to the ground. I hate to creasing the biodiversity of the area. “Everyone brought their own tool and see mature trees pulled down by the “There’s been a real crash of native method,” said Burke.
    [Show full text]
  • Intertidal Migration of the Four-Eyed Fish Anableps Anableps in North Brazilian Mangrove Creeks
    Vol. 509: 271–287, 2014 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published August 27 doi: 10.3354/meps10863 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Intertidal migration of the four-eyed fish Anableps anableps in North Brazilian mangrove creeks Uwe Krumme1,2,*, Marianna Audfroid Calderón1, Andreas Echterhoff1 1Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Fahrenheitstr. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany 2Thünen Institute of Baltic Sea Fisheries (TI-OF), Alter Hafen Süd 2, 18069 Rostock, Germany ABSTRACT: The movement patterns of mangrove fish during tidal cycles are virtually unknown, yet needed to understand fish habitat use. The intertidal migration of the four-eyed fish Anableps anableps L. (Anablepidae, Cyprinodontiformes), a surface-swimming species, was observed along 2 large mangrove-lined creeks in North Brazil. The number, direction and size of the fish crossing fixed line transects were recorded at 5 min intervals using visual surveys during daylight at spring, mid- and neap tide cycles. Migration took place in a surge and was predictably structured and directly related to water level, current speed and direction, and recurred independent of creek and tide. The fish rode the early flood tide upstream towards the creek heads. After the ebb current peak, they returned in a surge along the same pathways. The intertidal distances travelled ranged from 0.7 to >2 km per tide. Fish density maxima occurred at early flood and late ebb tide, with more fish swimming alone during flood tide and largest group sizes during ebb tides. At neap high tides, fish aggregated in fewer accessible creek heads. When spring tides inundated wider creek areas and made additional creek heads available, maximum fish dispersal occurred.
    [Show full text]
  • Nicole Kube Phd
    Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften The integration of microalgae photobioreactors in a recirculation system for low water discharge mariculture Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel vorgelegt von Nicole Kube Kiel, 2006 Referentin: Prof. Dr. Karin Lochte Koreferent: Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Harald Rosenthal Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: Zum Druck genehmigt: Kiel, den Der Dekan Foreword The manuscripts included in this thesis are prepared for submission to peer- reviewed journals as listed below: Wecker B., Kube N., Bischoff A.A., Waller U. (2006). MARE – Marine Artificial Recirculated Ecosystem: feasibility and modelling of a novel integrated recirculation system. (manuscript) Kube N., Bischoff A.A., Wecker B., Waller U. Cultivation of microalgae using a continuous photobioreactor system based on dissolved nutrients of a recirculation system for low water discharge mariculture (manuscript) Kube N. And Rosenthal H. Ozonation and foam fractionation used for the removal of bacteria and parti- cles in a marine recirculation system for microalgae cultivation (manuscript) Kube N., Bischoff A.A., Blümel M., Wecker B., Waller U. MARE – Marine Artificial Recirulated Ecosystem II: Influence on the nitrogen cycle in a marine recirculation system with low water discharge by cultivat- ing detritivorous organisms and phototrophic microalgae. (manuscript) This thesis has been realised with the help of several collegues. The contributions in particular
    [Show full text]
  • A Uacu Ture In. T E Next Centu
    a uacu ture in. t enext centu opportunities for growth challenges of sustainability George Chamberlain Harald Rosenthal In the last decade, aquaculture has been the only growth sector within fisheries and the prospects for continued growth appear excellent. Global per capita seafood consumption has been rising steadily since 1969, but landings from the capture fisheries reached a plateau in 1989, leaving aquaculture as l -i., the primary source of seafood production to meet this increasing demand. A substantial portion of the global increase in aquaculture production has come from coastal en­ I vironments, but as the human population grows and I I! expand~ its involvement in the coastal zones, there i will be increasing pre~sure to share the coastal I t resources among multiple users. In this environment some of our existing aquaculture practices will not be sustainable in their present form, but those that are designed to accommodate multiple resource use could grow rapidly. Examples range from the tradi­ tional farming systems in Southeast Asia, which benefit the community at large as well as the aquaculturists themselves, to modern high-tech re­ circulation systems. World Aquaculture 26( 1) March 1995 21 s the aquaculture industry As the population expands, air, water, lamination by aquaculture species grows, conflicts over water use and land pollution will become more. These steps will protect the environ will "intensify and competition severe. Controls will be necessary to menl and safeguard the aquaculture in A mitigate the greenhouse effect, acid dustry. will develop among users of the limited coastal resources. rain, toxic waste accumulation and eu­ These anticipated restrictions shoull At the recent AQUATECH '94 Confer­ trophication of coastal waters, and be viewed by the aquaculture industr·.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue of Synopses of International S&T Cooperation
    Catalogue of Synopses of International S&T Cooperation (INCO) projects on challenges in Fisheries, Coastal Zones, Wetlands and Aquaculture acpacpacpacp acpacpacpacp acpacpacpacp acpacpacpacp acpacpacpacp acpacpacpacp ISSN 1025-3971 Interested in European research? Research*eu is our monthly magazine keeping you in touch with main developments (results, programmes, events, etc.). It is available in English, French, German and Spanish. A free sample copy or free subscription can be obtained from: European Commission Directorate-General for Research Communication Unit B-1049 Brussels Fax (32-2) 29-58220 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://ec.europa.eu/research/research-eu EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate-General for Research Directorate D - International Cooperation Unit D/1 - International Dimension of the Framework Programme E-mail: [email protected] European Commission Office [SDME05/83] B-1049 Brussels Fax (32-2) 29-[69824] II EUROPEAN COMMISSION Catalogue of Synopses of International S&T Cooperation (INCO) projects on challenges in Fisheries, Coastal Zones, Wetlands and Aquaculture Nuria Estrella Santos and Cornelia E. Nauen (Editors) Directorate-General for Research 2008 International Cooperation EUR 23618 EN EUROPE DIRECT is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed LEGAL NOTICE Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of the following information. The views expressed in this publication are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission.
    [Show full text]
  • Ocean Harvest 97
    Ocean Harvest 97 A workshop on new concepts to increase the sustainab]\ development of marine biological resources 1- OE Natur 1 Hoe Environment j Research Council NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC LIBRARY 1111111111 11111111111111 Ocean Harvest 97 A workshop on new concepts to increase the sustainable development of marine biological resources ~ Southam ton Cccanogt-aphy , ..' Cenl:re ," ~ ~_~vI'\ II Thislbook is du~e for e ftlr~ or Iil.efore the la t date shown below. =::::::;:=:::~' ==;::::::::==~;::::::=;:~====-llett - 2 ~AR 2:00 ( pherd mission and N orsk Hydro Don Gresswell Ltd., London, N.21 Cat. No. 1208 DG 0224217 1 .1 OE Organising Committee Franciscus Colijn Carlos Duarte JohnS. Gray Espen E. Hoell Harald Rosenthal Katherine Richardson John G. Shepherd Tasso Tselepides John Woods TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Summary 3 Introduction and Background 5 1) Working Group 1: Productivity regulation and ecosystem variability: 9 Ecosystem manipulation - Abstract of paper entitled, Productivity enhancement in the Japanese 9 Government program by Professor Shinji Morimura - Abstract of paper entitled, Open ocean ecosystem manipulation 1: The 10 experience of Ironex by Professor Andrew Watson - Abstract of paper entitled, Open ocean ecosystem manipulation 2: The 10 biological responses in Ironex 1 and 2 by Professor Richard T Barber 2) Working Group 2: Productivity regulation and ecosystem variability: 19 Ecosystem exploitation - Abstract of paper entitled, Productivity regulation and ecosystem variability, 19 ecosystem exploitation: modelling results by Professor Villy Christensen - Abstract of paper entitled, Testing the feasibility and potential benefits of open 24 ocean macroalgal farming by Professor Arne Jensen 3) Working Group 3: Harvest enhancement by creation of artificial 29 ecosystems - Abstract of paper entitled, Enhancing the marine harvest using artificial reefs by Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • OSM Conf Prog
    OFFSHORE MARICULTURE CONFERENCE 2012 17-19 October • Hilton Hotel Izmir • Turkey Two day Conference, including Gala Dinner ( Hosted and organised by the Turkish Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock). 19 October 2012: Visit to offshore fish farm SUPPORTED BY: Central Union of Turkish Aquaculture Producers Conference Programme Progress and prospects for offshore aquaculture This is a must attend event for anyone involved in, or looking to become involved in, this rapidly expanding sector of the aquaculture market. Including: farming companies, research organisations and suppliers looking to update themselves on the latest policies, products, research and case studies within the fin/shell fish and seaweed offshore farming sectors. With 80% of Turkish fish farms based offshore, the spotlight on Turkey will be of particular relevance to Government officials from farming nations looking to learn how they can adapt Turkey’s successful spatial planning policy into their own Ministries of Fisheries/Environment and Tourism. Conference chair: Neil Sims, co-Founder and co-CEO, Kampachi Farms. Welcome by: Dr Durali Kocak, Director General for Fisheries & Aquaculture, Turkish Ministry of Food Agriculture & Livestock. Keynote speakers: Paul Holthus, World Ocean Council and Alessandro Lovatelli, Aquaculture Officer, Aquaculture Management and Conservation Service (FIRA), Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, FAO of the UN SPONSORED BY: GOLD SPONSORS MEDIA SUPPORTERS: A MERCATOR MEDIA EVENT www.offshoremariculture.com The Offshore Mariculture Conference is a Mercator Media Ltd event Book online at www.offshoremariculture.com or fax back to +44 (0)1329 825330 Conference Gala Dinner The Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock the first day of presentations the delegates will be in Turkey, the host country of the 2012 Offshore able to take a short stroll from the conference hotel Mariculture Conference, will arrange and host to the pier, where the hosts from the Ministry will the Conference Gala dinner on 17 October 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Working Group on Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms (WGITMO)
    ICES WGITMO Report 2006 ICES Advisory Committee on the Marine Environment ICES CM 2006/ACME:05 Working Group on Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms (WGITMO) 16–17 March 2006 Oostende, Belgium International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer H.C. Andersens Boulevard 44-46 DK-1553 Copenhagen V Denmark Telephone (+45) 33 38 67 00 Telefax (+45) 33 93 42 15 www.ices.dk [email protected] Recommended format for purposes of citation: ICES. 2006. Working Group on Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms (WGITMO), 16–17 March 2006, Oostende, Belgium. ICES CM 2006/ACME:05. 334 pp. For permission to reproduce material from this publication, please apply to the General Secretary. The document is a report of an Expert Group under the auspices of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and does not necessarily represent the views of the Council. © 2006 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. ICES WGITMO Report 2006 | i Contents 1 Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 1 2 Opening of the meeting and introduction.................................................................................... 5 3 Terms of reference, adoption of agenda, selection of rapporteur.............................................. 5 3.1 Terms of Reference ............................................................................................................... 5 3.2 Adoption
    [Show full text]
  • MONDAY Or Best Offer
    16—MANCHESTER HERALD, Saturday. November 17, 1990 KIT 'N' CARLYLE by U ny Wright 34 HOMES FOR RENT 39 ROOMMATES 87 MISC. FOR SALE 88 TAG SALES 91 CARS FOR SALE CARDINAL MANCHESTER-3 WANTED Bedroom, 2 bath END R O L L S , CHURCH BAZAAR-Crafts FORD Taurus 1987- Ex­ BUICK, INC. duplex. $765 plus CONSERVATIVE-Non- and baked goods. cellent condition. $6400 1990 Buick Skylark $8,960 smoker. Student or 27 V." width - 50'f, November 16, hours, 1989 Buick Sl^tiawk $7,480 MONDAY or best offer. Moving utilities. 12/1 professional. $350 a occupancy. 645-7717. 13" width - 2 for 50y 10-8pm. November 17, must sell. 742-9334. 1989 Cavalier Coupe $7r«5 month, includes utilities. Newsprint end rolls can be 9 -5 p m . 187 1989 Buick Riviera $14,980 Call 742-9996 evenings picked up at the Manchester Woodbridge St. NISSAN Pick-up Truck 1989 Hotxia Accord LX $13,480 36 STORE A OFFICE or weekend. Herald O N L Y before 11 a.m . 1987- 37K. $4100 or 1988 Buick Skylark $7,985 ________SPACE________ Monday through Thursday, best offer. 742-9334. 1988 Ctiev Cavalier $6,990 OLDSMOBILE-1 976 1987 Buick LeSabre $7,980 LOCAL NEWS INSIDE FOR RENT-Commercial/ 58FL O O R IN O Omega, 6 cylinder, 4- 1987 Buick CentU7 $5,999 Industrial space. Ex­ 88 TAG SALES 91 CARS FOR SALE door, air. Runs good. 1987 SHverado 4X4 $13,990 cellent location. 646- $500. 742-1687. 1987 Celebrity Sedan $6,385 $4,995 SanrtfTsjn 0672. 1986 OMsmcblle Ciera ■ Ribbon Mill hearing is tonight.
    [Show full text]
  • ICES Marine Science Symposia, 215: 391-401
    VIII. Rearing and release ICES Marine Science Symposia, 215: 391-401. 2002 The role of ICES in supporting research in mariculture Harald Rosenthal Rosenthal, H. 2002. The role of ICES in supporting research in mariculture. - ICES Marine Science Symposia, 215: 391—401. The paper describes the historic development of the Mariculture Committee within ICES and highlights the areas of research in which ICES scientists were involved. These include: environmental issues within mariculture systems, introductions of exotic species, impact of mariculture on the environment, rearing and culture tech­ nology developments in Member Countries, overriding problems in diseases, their diagnosis and control, and finally, the area of interaction with other resource users in the coastal zone. Prior to the mid-1970s, mariculture subjects were covered by the Fisheries Improvement, ANACAT, and Shellfish and Benthos Committees. Extensive discussions over several years by various ICES bodies led finally to rec­ ommendations in 1974 to form a Mariculture Working Group and, three years later, to the recommendation to establish the Mariculture Committee. At that time, the development of marine shellfish farming had already reached an impressive produc­ tion level, and finfish culture in ICES Member Countries began to increase rapidly, although initial attempts at finfish cage culture date back to the early 1960s. The Mariculture Committee and its working groups have, over the years, provided exten­ sive advice to the Council and its customers on research priorities, environmental issues, and biotechnological needs. The proactive role of this Committee peaked in the late 1980s and 1990s. Unfortunately, ICES has, in recent years, lost competence in some areas of mariculture research to other organizations.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution, Ecology and Physiology of Amphibious Killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes)
    Journal of Fish Biology (2015) 87, 815–835 doi:10.1111/jfb.12758, available online at wileyonlinelibrary.com REVIEW PAPER Evolution, ecology and physiology of amphibious killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes) A. J. Turko* and P. A. Wright Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 488 Gordon Street, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada (Received 13 November 2013, Accepted 24 June 2015) The order Cyprinodontiformes contains an exceptional diversity of amphibious taxa, including at least 34 species from six families. These cyprinodontiforms often inhabit intertidal or ephemeral habitats characterized by low dissolved oxygen or otherwise poor water quality, conditions that have been hypothesized to drive the evolution of terrestriality. Most of the amphibious species are found in the Rivulidae, Nothobranchiidae and Fundulidae. It is currently unclear whether the pattern of amphibi- ousness observed in the Cyprinodontiformes is the result of repeated, independent evolutions, or stems from an amphibious common ancestor. Amphibious cyprinodontiforms leave water for a variety of reasons: some species emerse only briefly, to escape predation or capture prey, while others occupy ephemeral habitats by living for months at a time out of water. Fishes able to tolerate months of emer- sion must maintain respiratory gas exchange, nitrogen excretion and water and salt balance, but to date knowledge of the mechanisms that facilitate homeostasis on land is largely restricted to model species. This review synthesizes the available literature describing amphibious lifestyles in cyprinodontiforms, compares the behavioural and physiological strategies used to exploit the terrestrial environment and suggests directions and ideas for future research. © 2015 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles Key words: Fundulus; Kryptolebias; mangrove rivulus; mummichog; terrestriality.
    [Show full text]
  • On Consumers' Wtp(Willingenss to Pay) for Fishery Product Traceability System in China
    IIFET 2008 Vietnam Proceedings ON CONSUMERS' WTP(WILLINGENSS TO PAY) FOR FISHERY PRODUCT TRACEABILITY SYSTEM IN CHINA ZHANG Xiaoshuan,China Agricultural University, [email protected] WANG Feng, China Agricultural University, [email protected] WU Weisong,China Agricultural University, [email protected] FU Zetian,China Agricultural University, [email protected] ABSTRACT Quality safety traceability system has adopted by most fishery enterprises as an important part of the strategic management. As the consequence, the end product is supposed to be higher. That consumers whether to accept has a direct impact on system successful implementation. This paper proposes a framework to research consumer awareness of fishery product and the traceability system and the degree of willingness to pay, cased study of consumers in Beijing on. The results contribute to the effectively apply the traceability system by aquatic products enterprises. Keywords Quality safety; Aquatic products; Consumer; Willingness to pay; traceability system INTRODUCTION Eating fish positively associates with the health (dietary & nutritional) benefits and preventing diseases, given that they are an excellent source of protein and are rich in essential poly-unsaturated fatty acids (B.E.Birgisdottir et al., 2008; ). Recently International Food Policy Research Institute [IFPRI]/WorldFish Center study on global fish demand (Delgado and others 2003) predicts that the total demand for fish products will increase from 91.3 million tons in 1997 to 127.8 million tons in 2020, which equals an annual growth of 1.47 percent, and a per capita annual consumption increase from 15.7 kg to 17.1 kg in 2020 (http://www.worldbank.org). In China, both the nation's GDP and citizens' real income have substantially increased has spurred greater demand for aquatic products (http://www.fao.org).
    [Show full text]