Hijacking-Catastrophe-Transcript.Pdf
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Globalization. Security Crises
“HENRI COANDA” GERMANY “GENERAL M.R. STEFANIK” AIR FORCE ACADEMY ARMED FORCES ACADEMY ROMANIA SLOVAK REPUBLIC INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE of SCIENTIFIC PAPER AFASES 2011 Brasov, 26-28 May 2011 GLOBALIZATION. SECURITY CRISES Iustin ACHIRECESEI, Vasile NODIŞ Introduction further reported that, such a base would not have been conceivable before Poland joined This report examines the implications Nato in 1999. of this strategy in recent years; following the In November of 2007 it was reported emergence of a New Cold War, as well as that, Russia threatened to site short-range analyzing the war in Georgia, the attempts and nuclear missiles in a second location on the methods of regime change in Iran, , the European Union's border yesterday if the expansion of he Afghan-Pakistan war theatre, United States refuses to abandon plans to erect and spread of conflict in Central Africa. These a missile defence shield. A senior Russian processes of a New Cold War and major army general said that Iskander missiles could regional wars and conflicts take the world be deployed in Belarus if US proposals to closer to a New World War. place 10 interceptor missiles and a radar in Peace is only be possible if the tools Poland and the Czech Republic go ahead. and engines of empires are dismantled. Putin also threatened to retrain Russia's nuclear arsenal on targets within Europe. Eastern Europe: Forefront of the New Cold However, Washington claims War that the shield is aimed not at Russia but at In 2002, the Guardian reported that, states such as Iran which it accuses of seeking “The US military build-up in the former to develop nuclear weapons that could one day Soviet republics of central Asia is strike the West. -
Undeclared War: Unmanned Drones, Human Rights and Collective Security
Undeclared War: unmanned drones, human rights and collective security Susan Carolyn Breau, University of Reading/Mark Olssen, University of Surrey Drones constitute, as Barbara Ehrenreich notes, in her ‘Foreword’ to Medea Benjamin’s Drone Warfare: Killing by remote control, the “ultimate action-at-a-distance weapons, allowing the aggressor to destroy targets in Pakistan or Afghanistan while ‘hiding’ thousands of miles away in Nevada” (Ehrenreich, 2013, p. vii). Yet, as Ehrenreich continues, “it is hard to even claim that their primary use is ‘military’ in any traditional sense. Drones have made possible a programme of targeted assassinations that are justified by the US ‘war on terror’, but otherwise in defiance of both international and US law” (p. viii). She notes how Benjamin in her book documents impressively how “it is the CIA, not the Pentagon, that operates most drone strikes in Western Asia, with no accountability whatsoever. Designed targets…have been condemned without evidence or trial – at the will apparently, of the White House. And those who operate the drones do so with complete impunity for the deaths of any civilians who end up as collateral damage.” (p. viii) Although the technical expertise for producing drones was developed as early as the WWI, and although unmanned aerial vehicles were used for gathering intelligence and for reconnaissance during WWII and during the Vietnam and later Balkan wars, their adaptation to becoming lethal military vehicles for the purposes of attacking and destroying specified targets has taken place more recently. Although Abraham Karem assisted the Israeli’s in developing unmanned robots in the 1970s, and built the first Predator drone in his garage in Southern California in the early 1980s 1, the first official use in military conflict only occurred since 1999 with the NATO Kosovo intervention where unmanned robotic aircraft were adapted to carry missiles “transforming them from spy planes into killer drones” (Benjamin, p. -
The 2002 National Security Strategy: the Foundation Of
Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Graduate Program in International Studies Dissertations Summer 2013 The 2002 aN tional Security Strategy: The Foundation of a Doctrine of Preemption, Prevention, or Anticipatory Action Troy Lorenzo Ewing Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds Part of the American Politics Commons, Defense and Security Studies Commons, International Law Commons, Terrorism Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Ewing, Troy L.. "The 2002 aN tional Security Strategy: The oundF ation of a Doctrine of Preemption, Prevention, or Anticipatory Action" (2013). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), dissertation, International Studies, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/ 8f8q-9g35 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/46 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Program in International Studies at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE 2002 NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY: THE FOUNDATION OF A DOCTRINE OF PREEMPTION, PREVENTION, OR ANTICIPATORY ACTION by Troy Lorenzo Ewing B.A. May 1992, Rutgers University M.B.A. May 2001, Webster University M.S.S.I. May 2007, National Intelligence University A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY INTERNATIONAL STUDIES OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY August 2013 ABSTRACT THE 2002 NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY: THE FOUNDATION OF A DOCTRINE OF PREEMPTION, PREVENTION, OR ANTICIPATORY ACTION Troy Lorenzo Ewing Old Dominion University, 2013 Director: Dr. -
Report for Congress Received Through the CRS Web
Order Code RL31339 Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Iraq: U.S. Efforts to Change the Regime Updated August 16, 2002 Kenneth Katzman Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Iraq: U.S. Efforts to Change the Regime Summary In his January 29, 2002 State of the Union message, President Bush characterized Iraq as part of an “axis of evil,” along with Iran and North Korea. The President identified the key threat from Iraq as its development of weapons of mass destruction (WMD), and the potential for Iraq to transfer WMD to the terrorist groups it sponsors. In recent statements, the President and other senior officials have said the United States needs to ensure that Saddam Husayn cannot be positioned to pose a major and imminent threat to U.S. national security. The President’s subsequent statements have left observers with the clear implication that the Administration is leaning toward military action to achieve the ouster of Iraq’s President Saddam Husayn and his Ba’th Party regime, although the President says no decision has been made on the means of achieving regime change. Regime change has been official U.S. policy since October 1998. Even before that, U.S. efforts to oust Saddam have been pursued, with varying degrees of intensity, since the end of the Gulf war in 1991. These efforts primarily involved U.S. backing for opposition groups inside and outside Iraq. According to several experts, past efforts to change the regime floundered because of limited U.S. -
Geopolitics, Oil Law Reform, and Commodity Market Expectations
OKLAHOMA LAW REVIEW VOLUME 63 WINTER 2011 NUMBER 2 GEOPOLITICS, OIL LAW REFORM, AND COMMODITY MARKET EXPECTATIONS ROBERT BEJESKY * Table of Contents I. Introduction .................................... ........... 193 II. Geopolitics and Market Equilibrium . .............. 197 III. Historical U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East ................ 202 IV. Enter OPEC ..................................... ......... 210 V. Oil Industry Reform Planning for Iraq . ............... 215 VI. Occupation Announcements and Economics . ........... 228 VII. Iraq’s 2007 Oil and Gas Bill . .............. 237 VIII. Oil Price Surges . ............ 249 IX. Strategic Interests in Afghanistan . ................ 265 X. Conclusion ...................................... ......... 273 I. Introduction The 1973 oil supply shock elevated OPEC to world attention and ensconced it in the general consciousness as a confederacy that is potentially * M.A. Political Science (Michigan), M.A. Applied Economics (Michigan), LL.M. International Law (Georgetown). The author has taught international law courses for Cooley Law School and the Department of Political Science at the University of Michigan, American Government and Constitutional Law courses for Alma College, and business law courses at Central Michigan University and the University of Miami. 193 194 OKLAHOMA LAW REVIEW [Vol. 63:193 antithetical to global energy needs. From 1986 until mid-1999, prices generally fluctuated within a $10 to $20 per barrel band, but alarms sounded when market prices started hovering above $30. 1 In July 2001, Senator Arlen Specter addressed the Senate regarding the need to confront OPEC and urged President Bush to file an International Court of Justice case against the organization, on the basis that perceived antitrust violations were a breach of “general principles of law.” 2 Prices dipped initially, but began a precipitous rise in mid-March 2002. -
Please, Will You Take Your Seats. Welcome to Our Plenary On
FRANCES FOX PIVEN: Please, will you take your seats. Welcome to our plenary on the “Erosion and Rebirth of American Democracy”, with the emphasis, I hope, on the 'rebirth.' You know, we all talk about- we all have our own litany about all the terrible things that have happened in the United States. Some of those terrible things have to do with what has happened to the minimal American welfare state that emerged in the 1930s with the chipping away of programs that guaranteed some income to the poorest people, services to those who needed it, the tax on Unions. Some have to do with the wearing away of the American infrastructure, which we’ve been meeting about for a long time, but we didn’t really get the full blast of what was happening until Katrina, and then the collapse of the Minneapolis Bridge. Some of those woes have to do with the undermining of democratic processes, including the emergence in the last twenty-twenty five years of a propaganda machine that seems to have held at least a majority of the American people in its grip, and drew on, for a very long time, on the susceptibilities that Americans have to issues of race and sex. And then finally the culminating use of propaganda, to my view, was—occurred after the attack on the World Trade Center, the so-called “war on terror,” which then became a war on Iraq. And for a moment at least, war, the excitement, the patriotism, the madness, did hold Americans in its grip, with the consequence that elections were won that would not otherwise have been won. -
2003 Iraq War: Intelligence Or Political Failure?
2003 IRAQ WAR: INTELLIGENCE OR POLITICAL FAILURE? A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of The School of Continuing Studies and of The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Liberal Studies By Dione Brunson, B.A. Georgetown University Washington, D.C. April, 2011 DISCLAIMER THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN THIS ACADEMIC RESEARCH PAPER ARE THOSE OF THE AUTHOR AND DO NOT REFLECT THE OFFICIAL POLICIES OR POSITIONS OF THE U.S. GOVERNMENT, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE, OR THE U.S. INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY. ALL INFORMATION AND SOURCES FOR THIS PAPER WERE DRAWN FROM OPEN SOURCE MATERIALS. ii 2003 IRAQ WAR: INTELLIGENCE OR POLITICAL FAILURE? Dione Brunson, B.A. MALS Mentor: Ralph Nurnberger, Ph.D. ABSTRACT The bold U.S. decision to invade Iraq in 2003 was anchored in intelligence justifications that would later challenge U.S. credibility. Policymakers exhibited unusual bureaucratic and public dependencies on intelligence analysis, so much so that efforts were made to create supporting information. To better understand the amplification of intelligence, the use of data to justify invading Iraq will be explored alongside events leading up to the U.S.-led invasion in 2003. This paper will examine the use of intelligence to invade Iraq as well as broader implications for politicization. It will not examine the justness or ethics of going to war with Iraq but, conclude with the implications of abusing intelligence. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Thank you God for continued wisdom. Thank you Dr. Nurnberger for your patience. iv DEDICATION This work is dedicated to Mom and Dad for their continued support. -
Interpreting the Jackson Legacy Peter Beinart
Henry M. Jackson Foundation 1501 Fourth Avenue, Suite 1580 Seattle, Washington 98101-3225 Telephone: 206.682.8565 Fax: 206.682.8961 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.hmjackson.org Henry M. Jackson Foundation TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY LECTURE nterpreting the JacksonI Legacy in a Post-9/11 Landscape By Peter Beinart About the Foundation Since its establishment in 1983, the Henry M. Jackson Foundation has been dedicated to helping nonprofit organizations and educational institutions in the United States and Russia. The Foundation’s grants provide essential support and seed funding for new initiatives that offer promising models for replication and address critical issues in four areas in which the late Senator Henry M. “Scoop” Jackson played a key leadership role during his forty-three- year tenure in the United States Congress: Inter- national Affairs Education, Environment and Nat- ural Resources Management, Public Service, and Human Rights. About this Publication On the occasion of its twenty-fifth anniversary, the Henry M. Jackson Foundation hosted a dinner and conversation at the National Press Club in Wash- ington, D.C.. Journalist Peter Beinart was invited to share his thoughts on the Jackson legacy and the Foundation’s commemorative publication, The Nature of Leadership, Lessons from an Exemplary Statesman. Foundation Executive Director Lara Iglitzin served as moderator for the discussion that followed his remarks. nterpreting the JacksonI Legacy in a Post-9/11 Landscape WASHINGTON, D.C. • SEPTEMBER 17, 2008 y y Connoll r y Har Photo b PETER BEINART Peter Beinart is a senior fellow at The Council on Foreign Relations. He is also editor-at-large of The New Republic, a Time contributor, and a monthly columnist for The Washington Post. -
Iraq: Differing Views in the Domestic Policy Debate
Order Code RL31607 Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Iraq: Differing Views in the Domestic Policy Debate October 16, 2002 name redacted, Meaghan Marshall, name redacted Research Associates Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division name redacted Specialist in National Defense Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Iraq: Differing Views in the Domestic Policy Debate Summary The debate over whether, when, and how to prosecute a major U.S. military intervention in Iraq and depose Saddam Hussein is complex, despite a general consensus in Washington that the world would be much better off if Hussein were not in power. Although most U.S. observers, for a variety of reasons, would prefer some degree of allied or U.N. support for military intervention in Iraq, some observers believe that the United States should act unilaterally even without such multilateral support. Some commentators argue for a stronger, more committed version of the current policy approach toward Iraq and leave war as a decision to reach later, only after exhausting additional means of dealing with Hussein’s regime. A number of key questions are raised in this debate, such as: 1) is war on Iraq linked to the war on terrorism and to the Arab-Israeli dispute; 2) what effect will a war against Iraq have on the war against terrorism; 3) are there unintended consequences of warfare, especially in this region of the world; 4) what is the long- term political and financial commitment likely to accompany regime change and possible democratization in this highly divided, ethnically diverse country; 5) what are the international consequences (e.g., to European allies, Russia, and the world community) of any U.S. -
Impact of U.S. Intervention on Afghan Women's Rights
The Impact of U.S. Intervention on Afghan Women's Rights Sonali Kolhatkart The women of Afghanistan gained worldwide attention in the mid- 1990s when news reports of the ruling Taliban's treatment of women caught the eye of the international press.' Western feminists soon began raising awareness about what they called the "victims of inhumane gender apartheid."2 For years, Afghan women languished under the Taliban, banned from the work place, relegated to their homes or, when outdoors, to the traditional Afghan burqa. They were denied health care, educa- tion, and the basic right to earn a livelihood. Today, the world is focused on Afghan women more than ever before as a result of the United States' "War on Terrorism." The U.S. has used the Taliban's oppression of Af- ghan women as one justification for fighting the Taliban' But how has America actually improved the lives of Afghan women? Conversely, how has it impoverished them? To answer these questions, it is important first to consider the history of women in Afghanistan. Have they always been as oppressed as they are presently? Have they enjoyed better lives in recent history? If so, what changed things? What forces fostered an environment ripe for misogynist fundamentalism in Afghanistan? What actions have Afghan women themselves taken to resist their oppression? And what hope is there for the future? 0 2002, The Regents of the University of California t Vice President, Afghan Women's Mission, a U.S.-based non-profit organization working in solidarity with the Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan (RAWA); Host and co-producer for The Morning Show at KPFK radio in Los Angeles, an affiliate of the Pacifica network; B.S., University of Texas at Austin, 1996; B.A. -
Neoconservative Propaganda Campaign Led to Iraq War Z
Neoconservative Propaganda Campaign Led to Iraq War Karen Kwiatkowski ( 2004/1/11 ) [ Document Starts on the Next Page. ] Key Words: Iraq, Neoconservative, Neocon, Description: insiders view of neoconservative manipulation of the pentagon Search the Card Catalog for other titles. Visit our Home page: zFacts.com This document is referred to by the following pages: What's behind the new U.S. global policy? This PDF = http://zfacts.com/metaPage/lib/Am-Conservative-2004-Neocons-Iraq-War.pdf Problems? Try right clicking links. Former Pentagon Insider : 'Neoconservative Propaganda C... http://www.truthout.org/docs_04/printer_011204C.shtml Go to Original Former Pentagon Insider: 'Neoconservative Propaganda Campaign Led to Iraq War' By Karen Kwiatkowski The American Conservative January 19th Issue Lt. Col. Karen Kwiatkowski, a former Pentagon insider, concludes her observations on the run-up to the Iraq war in this last of a three-part series. As the winter of 2002 approached, I was increasingly amazed at the success of the propaganda campaign being waged by President Bush, Vice President Cheney, and neoconservative mouthpieces at the Washington Times and Wall Street Journal. I speculated about the necessity but unlikelihood of a Phil-Dick-style minority report on the grandiose Feith-Wolfowitz-Rumsfeld-Cheney vision of some future Middle East where peace, love, and democracy are brought about by pre-emptive war and military occupation. In December, I requested an acceleration of my retirement after just over 20 years on duty and exactly the required three years of time-in-grade as a lieutenant colonel. I felt fortunate not to have being fired or court-martialed due to my politically incorrect ways in the previous two years as a real conservative in a neoconservative Office of Secretary of Defense. -
University of Birmingham Why American Grand Strategy Has Not
University of Birmingham Why American Grand Strategy Has Not Changed: Porter, Patrick DOI: 10.1162/isec_a_00311 License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Porter, P 2018, 'Why American Grand Strategy Has Not Changed: Power, Habit and the U.S. Foreign Policy Establishment', International Security, vol. 42, no. 4, 1, pp. 9-46. https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00311 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Article published in International Security on 04/05/2018 DOI: 10.1162/isec_a_00311 Why America's Grand Strategy Has Not Changed: Power, Habit, and the U.S. Foreign Policy Establishment, Patrick Porter, International Security 2018 42:04, 9-46 General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document.