The Process of Urban Shrinking in Poland
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Monitoring Urzędów Miast Województwa Śląskiego
MONITORING URZĘDÓW MIAST WOJEWÓDZTWA ŚLĄSKIEGO DOSTĘPNOŚĆ USŁUG DLA OBCOKRAJOWCÓW RAPORT Z PRZEPROWADZONEGO MONITORINGU W RAMACH PROJEKTU: Spis treści INSTYTUCJE ŚLĄSKIE PRZYJAZNE DLA CUDZOZIEMCÓW (SILESIAN INSTITUTIONS FRIENDLY FOR FOREIGNERS) I. Wprowadzenie 1 IV. Ranking urzędów miast 17 województwa śląskiego Koordynator projektu II. Informacje ogólne 3 Aleksandra Skrabel i metodologia V. Wnioski 18 VI. Proponowane zmiany 21 Wolontariusze europejscy III. Kryteria 4 Rebeca Cáseda Calvache 1. Zaangażowanie 6 Giorgi Turkadze 2. Wizyta 8 Francesco Malorgio 3. Rozmowa telefoniczna 10 4. Wiadomość e-mail 12 5. Strona internetowa 14 Projekt finansowany w ramach programu Erasmus +. I. Wprowadzenie Stowarzyszenie Aktywności Obywatelskiej EVS daje młodym wolontariuszom szansę BONA FIDES jest organizacją pożytku publicznego wykorzystania własnych umiejętności, rozwinięcia z siedzibą w Katowicach. Od 15 lat aktywnie zainteresowań, zdobycia doświadczenia w nowych buduje i wspiera grupy mieszkańców oraz dziedzinach pracy, a także poznania języka obcego lokalnych aktywistów, uczy samorządowców i innej kultury. prowadzenia otwartego i skutecznego dialogu W ramach EVS młodzi ludzie w wieku od 17 do 30 lat z mieszkańcami i organizacjami pozarządowymi mogą spędzić za granicą okres od kilku tygodni do oraz umożliwia młodym osobom zdobycie nowego 12 miesięcy, nieodpłatnie pomagając przy realizacji doświadczenia poprzez wolontariat. Jego misja projektów na rzecz społeczności lokalnej. Mogą one ma na celu uczynienie polskich wsi i miasteczek dotyczyć szeregu -
Uproszczony Wykaz Taryf 2019
UPROSZCZONY WYKAZ TARYF LINIOWYCH WRAZ Z ICH ZASIĘGIEM I CENAMI Stacje i przystanki osobowe Taryfa liniowa Gliwice Zabrze Ruda Śląska L11 Ruda Chebzie 4 zł / 110 Świętochłowice Chorzów Batory L12 Katowice Załęże 6 zł / 150 L14 Katowice L13 5 zł / 120 Katowice Zawodzie 9 zł / 200 Katowice Szopienice Południowe L15 Sosnowiec Główny 6 zł / 150 Będzin L16 Będzin Miasto 5 zł / 120 L17 Będzin Ksawera 7 zł / 170 Dąbrowa Górnicza Dąbrowa Górnicza Gołonóg Dąbrowa Górnicza Pogoria Dąbrowa Górnicza Ząbkowice Dąbrowa Górnicza Sikorka Chruszczobród Wiesiółka Łazy Zawiercie Zawiercie Borowe Pole Myszków Mrzygłód L 84 Myszków Światowit 14 zł / 260 Myszków Myszków Nowa Wieś Żarki Letnisko Masłońskie Natalin Poraj Korwinów Częstochowa Raków Częstochowa Stan na dzień: 15.12.2019 r. UPROSZCZONY WYKAZ TARYF LINIOWYCH WRAZ Z ICH ZASIĘGIEM I CENAMI Stacje i przystanki osobowe Taryfa liniowa Gliwice Zabrze Ruda Śląska Ruda Chebzie Świętochłowice L42 L64 Chorzów Batory 9 zł / 200 15 zł / 260 Katowice Załęże Katowice Sosnowiec Główny V V Katowice Szopienice Południowe V V Katowice Zawodzie V V Katowice L61 L62 Katowice Ligota L63 12 zł / 250 14 zł / 260 Katowice Piotrowice 15 zł / 260 L64 L42 Tychy L41 Tychy Lodowisko 4,5 zł / 120 V V V V Pszczyna Goczałkowice Zabrzeg L61 Pierściec 12 zł / 250 Skoczów Skoczów Bładnice L62 Goleszów 14 zł / 260 Ustroń L63 L64 Ustroń Zdrój 15 zł / 260 15 zł / 260 Ustroń Polana Wisła Obłaziec Wisła Uzdrowisko Wisła Dziechcinka Wisła Kopydło Wisła Głębce Stan na dzień: 15.12.2019 r. UPROSZCZONY WYKAZ TARYF LINIOWYCH WRAZ Z ICH ZASIĘGIEM -
Wykaz Pociągów Kursujących Dodatkowo W Okresie Letnich Wakacji Uruchamianych W Rozkładzie Jazdy 2011/12 Stan Na Dzieo 24 V 2012
Wykaz pociągów kursujących dodatkowo w okresie letnich wakacji uruchamianych w rozkładzie jazdy 2011/12 Stan na dzieo 24 V 2012 Kategoria Numer L p Nazwa Relacja Terminy kursowania Stacje pośrednie Uwagi pociągu pociągu 30 VI–2 IX w ⑥, ⑦ oraz 28,29 IV, 5,6 V, 7,10 VI, 1 EIC 18400/1 Błękitna Fala Warszawa Wsch – Świnoujście Kutno, Konin, Poznao, Szczecin, Międzyzdroje 15 VIII 30 VI–2 IX w ⑥, ⑦ oraz 28,29 IV, 5,6 V, 7,10 VI, 2 EIC 81402/3 Błękitna Fala Świnoujście – Warszawa Wsch Międzyzdroje, Szczecin, Poznao, Konin, Kutno 15 VIII Kutno, Bydgoszcz, Tczew, Gdaosk, Sopot, Gdynia, 3 Ex 15401 Jantar Warszawa Wsch. – Hel 30 VI–1 IX codziennie Władysławowo Władysławowo, Gdynia, Sopot, Gdaosk, Tczew, Bydgoszcz, 4 Ex 51400/1 Jantar Hel – Warszawa Wsch. 1 VII–2 IX codziennie Kutno Katowice, Sosnowiec, Warszawa, Ciechanów, Iława, 5 Ex 48412/3 Szanty Bielsko Biała Gł. – Kołobrzeg 30 VI–1 IX w ①–⑥ Malbork, Tczew, Gdaosk, Sopot Sopot, Gdaosk, Tczew, Malbork, Iława, Ciechanów, 6 Ex 84412/3 Szanty Kołobrzeg – Bielsko Biała Gł. 30 VI–1 IX w ①–⑤, ⑦ Warszawa, Sosnowiec, Katowice 7 Ex 18413 Szkuner Warszawa Zach. – Kołobrzeg 1 VII–1 IX w ⑦ Ciechanów, Iława, Malbork, Tczew, Gdaosk, Sopot 8 Ex 81412 Szkuner Kołobrzeg – Warszawa Zach. 1 VII–1 IX w ⑥ Sopot, Gdaosk, Tczew, Malbork, Iława, Ciechanów 9 Ex 14410/1 Wisła Warszawa Wsch. – Wisła Głębce 30 VI–2 IX w ⑥, ⑦ oraz 15 VIII oprócz 25 XII Sosnowiec, Katowice, Bielsko Biała, Ustroo 10 Ex 41410/1 Wisła Wisła Głębce – Warszawa Wsch. 30 VI–2 IX w ⑥, ⑦ oraz 15 VIII oprócz 25 XII Ustroo, Bielsko Biała, Katowice, -
Sosnowiec Waste Water Treatment
ISPA PRESS RELEASE No.: 2003/PL/16/P/PE/039 Measure title: Sosnowiec waste water treatment Authority responsible for implementation (as defined at Section II (2) of Annex III.2) Name: Ministry of the Environment Address: ul.Wawelska 52/54 00-922 Warsaw (responsible for supervision of the implementing agency) Name: National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management Address: Konstruktorska 3A 00-673 Warsaw, Poland (responsible for preparation of the project, supervision of tendering and contracting and monitoring of the progress of the project) Name: City of Sosnowiec Address: ul. Zwycięstwa 20 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland (responsible for all technical aspects of the implementation of the project) Final beneficiary Name: City of Sosnowiec Address: ul. Zwycięstwa 20 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland Location Region: Silesia Description The project is a waste water collection and treatment investment covering a population of over 130 000 in three cities, Sosnowiec, Katowice and Mysłowice, all within the industrial agglomeration in Silesia, the most heavily industrialised region of Poland. The project is located in the catchment of the Biala Przemsza and Czarna Przemsza rivers. The southern districts of the Sosnowiec municipality, western districts of the Katowice municipality and almost the whole municipality of Mysłowice are not connected to a waste water system which meets the standards set by EC and Polish legislation. The waste water originating in these residential areas is discharged to the Bobrek and Czarna Przemsza rivers directly or after inadequate treatment generating a daily load of BOD of over 10 tonnes per day. The Czarna Przemsza river is effectively an open sewer crossing the city. -
Dane Kontaktowe Do Sekcji Eksploatacji Zakładów
REGULAMIN DOSTĘPU DO OBIEKTÓW INFRASTRUKTURY USŁUGOWEJ ZARZĄDZANYCH PRZEZ PKP POLSKIE LINIE KOLEJOWE S.A. OBOWIĄZUJĄCY OD 10 GRUDNIA 2017 r. Załącznik 1.2 Dane kontaktowe do sekcji eksploatacji zakładów linii kolejowych PLK W tablicy znajdującej się na kolejnych stronach tego załącznika zastosowano następujące oznaczenia: Zakład Linii Kolejowych – nazwa siedziby Zakładu Linii Kolejowych PLK, Sekcja eksploatacji – nazwa siedziby Sekcji Eksploatacji PLK, Adres – adres pocztowy Sekcji Eksploatacji PLK, Telefon miejski / telefon kolejowy / Faks – numery telefonów, miejskiego i kolejowego oraz numer faksu, E-mail – adres mailowy, pod którym udzielane są informacje, Zakres udzielanych informacji – rodzaj obiektu infrastruktury usługowej, odnośnie którego udzielane są informacje, Godziny udzielania informacji – zakres czasu w jakim udzielane są informacje, REGULAMIN DOSTĘPU DO OBIEKTÓW INFRASTRUKTURY USŁUGOWEJ ZARZĄDZANYCH PRZEZ PKP POLSKIE LINIE KOLEJOWE S.A. OBOWIĄZUJĄCY OD 10 GRUDNIA 2017 r. Załącznik 1.2 Telefon miejski Godziny Zakład Linii Sekcja Zakres udzielanych Adres Telefon kolejowy E-mail udzielania Kolejowych Eksploatacji informacji Faks informacji IZ BIAŁYSTOK ISE BIAŁYSTOK WIATRAKOWA, 15-827 BIAŁYSTOK WIATRAKOWA, 608476002 miroslaw.gasows pełny 7-15 36 9856731546 [email protected] 15-827 856733444 BIAŁYSTOK IZ BIAŁYSTOK ISE HAJNÓWKA KOLEJOWA, 1 17-200 HAJNÓWKA KOLEJOWA, 1 608446593 eugeniusz.szatylo pełny 7-15 17-200 9856731790 [email protected] HAJNÓWKA 856731788 IZ BYDGOSZCZ ISE BYDGOSZCZ ZYGMUNTA 52 518 3301 zbigniew.wozniak kompleksowy 7.00-15.00 AUGUSTA, 7 952 518 3301 [email protected] 85-082 BYDGOSZCZ IZ BYDGOSZCZ ISE INOWROCŁAW MAGAZYNOWA, 8 52 518 4010 antoni.bakowski kompleksowy 7.00-15.00 88-100 952 518 4010 @plk-sa.pl INOWROCŁAW IZ BYDGOSZCZ ISE LASKOWICE POM. -
MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES in POLAND 1 POLAND Facts and FIGURES MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES in POLAND
MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES IN POLAND 1 POLAND faCTS AND FIGURES MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES IN POLAND OFFICIAL NAME LOCATION TIME ZONE Republic of Poland (short form: Poland is situated in Central CET (UTC+1) PAGE 2 PAGE 5 PAGE 7 Poland, in Polish: Polska) Europe and borders Germany, CALLING CODE the Czech Republic, Slovakia, POPULATION (2019) +48 Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania and WHY HIGHER POLISH 38 million Russia INTERNET DOMAIN POLAND? EDUCATION CONTRIBUTION OFFICIAL LANGUAGE .pl ENTERED THE EU Polish 2004 STUDENTS (2017/18) IN POLAND TO MEDICAL CAPITAL 1.29 million CURRENCY (MAY 2019) SCIENCES Warsaw (Warszawa) 1 zloty (PLN) MEDICAL STUDENTS (2017/18) GOVERNMENT 1 PLN = 0.23 € 1 PLN = 0.26 $ 64 thousand parliamentary republic PAGE 12 PAGE 14 PAGE 44 MEDICAL DEGREE ACCREDITATION UNIVERSITIES PROGRAMMES & QUALITY Warsaw ● MINIGUIDE IN ENGLISH ASSURANCE 2 3 WHY POLAND? Top countries of origin among Are you interested in studying medicine abroad? Good, then you have the right brochure in front of foreign medical you! This publication explains briefly what the Polish higher education system is like, introduces Polish students in medical universities and lists the degree programmes that are taught in English. Poland If you are looking for high-quality medical education provided by experienced and inspired teachers – Polish medical universities are some of the best options. We present ten of the many good reasons for Polish medical international students to choose Poland. universities have attracted the interest of students from a wide ACADEMIC TRADITION other types of official documentation for all variety of backgrounds completed courses. If you complete a full degree from all around the Poland’s traditions of academic education go or a diploma programme, you will receive a globe. -
Gliwice – Zabrze – Ruda Śl. – Chorzów Batory – Katowice – Sosnowiec Gł
S1 Gliwice – Zabrze – Ruda Śl. – Chorzów Batory – Katowice – Sosnowiec Gł. – Dąbrowa Górnicza – Zawiercie – Myszków – Częstochowa Obowiązuje od 20 IV do 2 VI oraz 13 IV opr. 21 IV, 27 IV STAN NA DZIEŃ: 13 V 2021 94100/ 94102/ numer pociągu train number 40600 40600 40600 40602 40602 40800 40604 40500 40700 40700 40606 40802 40608 40608 40502 40804 40806 40610 40808 94101 94103 kontynuacja z/do linii S41 S5 S41 S5 informacja o pociągu information ①-⑦ ①-⑦ ①-⑦ opr. 28 IV - 2 V 21 - 25 V, opr. opr. term 28 IV-2 V, oraz Ⓓ Ⓓ Ⓓ Ⓒ Ⓒ Ⓓ termin kursowania 28 V 10 - 14 V, Ⓓ ①-⑦ Ⓓ Ⓓ 10 - 14 V, Ⓓ Ⓓ Ⓓ Ⓒ ①-⑦ Ⓓ 5 V, 5 V 10 - 27 V do 28 IV od 29 IV do 25 IV od 1 V 10 - 27 V 17 - 21 V, 17 - 21 V, 21 - 25 V, 24 - 27 V 24 - 27 V km stacje i przystanki osobowe stations 28 V Opole Główne o 4:26 5:18 Gliwice PolRegio Sp. z o.o. p 5:38 6:22 Kędzierzyn Koźle www.polregio.pl o 4:02 4:46 6:03 6:43 Gliwice p 4:36 5:21 6:38 7:20 Tychy Tychy ze stacji Lodowisko Lodowisko 0,000 Gliwice [A][K] S76 o 4:12 4:12 4:32 4:57 5:22 5:18 5:44 5:55 5:55 6:09 6:09 6:38 6:59 6:59 7:12 7:28 8,174 Zabrze [A][K] o 4:19 4:19 4:39 5:05 5:30 5:26 5:52 6:03 6:03 6:16 6:16 6:45 7:07 7:07 7:19 7:35 13,032 Ruda Śląska [A] o 4:24 4:24 4:44 5:09 5:34 5:30 5:56 6:07 6:07 6:21 6:21 6:50 7:11 7:11 7:24 7:40 15,360 Ruda Chebzie [A] o 4:27 4:27 4:46 5:12 5:37 5:33 5:59 6:10 6:10 6:23 6:23 6:52 7:14 7:14 7:27 7:43 18,687 Świętochłowice o 4:31 4:31 4:49 5:15 5:40 5:36 6:02 6:13 6:13 6:26 6:26 6:56 7:17 7:17 7:30 7:46 20,934 Chorzów Batory [K] S8 o 4:34 4:34 4:53 5:17 5:43 5:39 -
Dissertation Outline
COMMON AND DIFFERING IMPACTS OF THE EUROPEAN FRAMEWORK FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION OF SWEDEN AND POLAND A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Katarzyna M. Polanska IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Advisers: Professor Ann Hironaka and Professor Joachim J. Savelsberg December 2012 Acknowledgements First and foremost, I want to thank my advisors, Ann Hironaka and Joachim Savelsberg. Ann’s excellent guidance, caring, patience, and encouragement truly kept me going. She was always available to discuss my ideas, and provide feedback and suggestions on how to strengthen my arguments. Joachim’s feedback was invaluable and conversations with him led to many of the ideas put forth; his comments and critiques enriched the work. Countless conversations with these two intelligent mentors helped focus and improve my work. I cannot thank them enough. I also benefitted from my superb dissertation committee. Its members provided important input and critique at various stages of research and writing. Ron Aminzade reminded me of the importance of considering a variety of forces in the study of social phenomena and his comments improved my arguments. Joseph Gerteis provided excellent suggestions on how to clarify of my arguments, suggested methods, and challenged me to strengthen the project in a variety of ways. I also thank Helga Leitner for her thoughtful critique and support over the years. During my time at the University of Minnesota, I took a number of excellent and intellectually stimulating classes and met a number of other faculty who left an impression and inspired me in a variety of ways including Jeffrey Broadbent, Liz Boyle, Robin Stryker, and Evan Schofer. -
Studia Regionalia
STUDIA REGIONALIA Journal of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Committee for Spatial Economy and Regional Planning & European Regional Science Association (ERSA) Polish Section Volume 51, 2017, pp. 51–67 doi: 10.12657/studreg-51-04 DYNAMICS AND VIABILITY OF CITY CENTRES – CONCEPTS, TOOLS, PROJECTS Adam Polko University of Economics in Katowice, Faculty of Economics, Department of Spatial and Environmental Economics; 1 Maja 50, 40-287 Katowice, Poland; [email protected] Abstract: The paper presents a review of concepts for the development of city centres in response to social and culture processes, economic, technical and environmental developments taking place at present on those areas. This review proves that concepts tend to change over time from those based on economic dynamics to those based on collaborative commons and on governance. On the example of a few city centres situated in the Silesian Region an analysis was carried out of the concepts being presently applied and with the use of which projects Silesian cities strive to maintain and strengthen the dynamics and vitality of city centres. Keywords: Creative city, gentrification, participatory governance, sharing city, urban commons, urban regeneration, vitality and viability of inner city. JEL codes: R10, R50 Introduction The town centre has always remained a subject of particular care both on the part of local authorities, and the inhabitants. It is a place where the most important municipal facilities and institutions are situated. It is also a place characterised by certain historical and culture values. What is more, it is also a place in which are representative public spaces that form certain hallmarks and the main reference point for persons visiting the city. -
Morbidity and Mortality Due to Cervical Cancer in Poland After Introduction
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2012, Vol 19, No 4, 680-685 www.aaem.pl ORIGINAL ARTICLE Morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer in Poland after introduction of the Act – National Programme for Control of Cancerous Diseases Iwona Bojar1,2, Radunka Cvejić2, Maria Danuta Głowacka3, Anna Koprowicz2, Ewa Humeniuk4, Alfred Owoc2 1 Department for Health Problems of Ageing, Institute of Rural Health in Lublin, Poland 2 Higher School of Public Health, Zielona Góra, Poland 3 Chair of Health Sciences, Medical University, Poznań, Poland 4 Department of Pathology and Rehabilitation of Speech, Medical University, Lublin, Poland Bojar I, Cvejić R, Głowacka MD, Koprowicz A, Humeniuk E, Owoc A. Morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer in Poland after introduction of the Act – National Programme for Control of Cancerous Diseases. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2012; 19(4): 680-685. Abstract In 2005 in Poland, referring to the recommendations by the National Health Programme and recommendations by the European Union, the National Programme for Control of Cancerous Diseases was implemented by virtue of the Act, one of its basic assumptions being an improvement of oncologic awareness among the Polish population. It is expected that the result of actions in this respect will be an increase in reporting rates for prophylactic examinations and a decrease in the number of deaths due to cancerous diseases. The objective of the study was presentation of the analysis of morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer in Poland and in individual regions, after the implementation of the National Programme for Control of Cancerous Diseases. The data was obtained from the Oncology Centre and from the computer Information System for Prophylaxis Monitoring (SIMP). -
Opole Over the Weekend
OVER THE WEEKEND 2 DISCOVER OPOLE OVER THE WEEKEND … an architectural pearl of southern Poland, in which one can find a city hall building modeled after the Florentine Vecchio Palace, and the Opole Venice – An introductory beautiful alleys arranged between charming canals and the Oder River. A city where century-old build- word ings renovated with the utmost regard coexist with new, architecturally well-received modern buildings. … a city of human friendship, open society and well acquainted with broadly defined multiculturalism. … a city of many educational institutions and thou- opole is... sands of students, which liven up and warm up the city’s image. … a wonderful place to live, especially for families – he capital of Polish song – the oldest and most which is indicated, among others, through recently well known Polish festival takes place here. Po- completed nationwide social analyses. This comes as Tland’s most famous artists took their first steps no surprise, since every part of Opole is easily acces- and began their big careers on the Opole Amphithea- sible, the city has many facilities dedicated to enter- tre wooden parquet. tainment and leisure activity, as well as events, which … a city built in a place where a primeval settlement are worth visiting, and greenery that other great Eu- stood one thousand years ago; a town, which played ropean and Polish cities can envy. witness to the sermons of St. Adalbert. We invite you to explore! And to return to Opole! DISCOVER OPOLE OVER THE WEEKEND 3 11. Opole Cathedral ........................................................................................11 12. Church “on the hill” .............................................................................12 13. -
Resources Concerning the History of Polish Jews in Castle Court Records of the 17Th and 18Th Centuries in the Central State Historical Archives in Kyiv and Lviv
SCRIPTA JUDAICA CRACOVIENSIA Vol. 18 (2020) pp. 127–140 doi:10.4467/20843925SJ.20.009.13877 www.ejournals.eu/Scripta-Judaica-Cracoviensia Resources Concerning the History of Polish Jews in Castle Court Records of the 17th and 18th Centuries in the Central State Historical Archives in Kyiv and Lviv Przemysław Zarubin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4845-0839 (Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland) e-mail: [email protected] Keywords: archival sources, Ukraine, Lviv, Kyiv, castle court, 17th century, 18th century Abstract: The article presents types of sources which have thus far not been used, castle court books kept in the archives of the Ukrainian cities of Lviv and Kyiv. The author emphasizes the importance of these sources for research on the history and culture of Polish Jews in the 17th and 18th centuries. He also specifies the types of documents related to Jewish issues authenticated in these books (e.g. manifestations and lawsuits, declarations of the Radom Tribunal), as well as current source publications and internet databases containing selected documents from Ukrainian archives. The Central State Historical Archive in Lviv (CDIAL) (known as the Bernadine Ar- chive) and the Central State Historical Archive in Kyiv (CDIAUK) both have exten- sive collections of records of the so-called castle courts (sądy grodzkie), also known as local Starost courts (sądy starościńskie) for the nobility: from the Bełz and Ruthe- nian Voivodeships in the Lviv archive; and from the Łuck, Podolia, Kyiv, and Bracław Voivodeships in the Kyiv archive. This is particularly important because – in the light of Jewish population counts taken in 1764–1765 for the purpose of poll tax assessment – these areas were highly populated by Jews.