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Aftermath: Accounting for the Holocaust in the Czech Republic
Aftermath: Accounting for the Holocaust in the Czech Republic Krista Hegburg Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERISTY 2013 © 2013 Krista Hegburg All rights reserved Abstract Aftermath: Accounting for the Holocaust in the Czech Republic Krista Hegburg Reparations are often theorized in the vein of juridical accountability: victims of historical injustices call states to account for their suffering; states, in a gesture that marks a restoration of the rule of law, acknowledge and repair these wrongs via financial compensation. But as reparations projects intersect with a consolidation of liberalism that, in the postsocialist Czech Republic, increasingly hinges on a politics of recognition, reparations concomitantly interpellate minority subjects as such, instantiating their precarious inclusion into the body po litic in a way that vexes the both the historical justice and contemporary recognition reparatory projects seek. This dissertation analyzes claims made by Czech Romani Holocaust survivors in reparations programs, the social work apparatus through which they pursued their claims, and the often contradictory demands of the complex legal structures that have governed eligibility for reparations since the immediate aftermath of the war, and argues for an ethnographic examination of the forms of discrepant reciprocity and commensuration that underpin, and often foreclose, attempts to account for the Holocaust in contemporary Europe. Table of Contents Acknowledgments ii Introduction 1 Chapter 1 18 Recognitions Chapter 2 74 The Veracious Voice: Gypsiology, Historiography, and the Unknown Holocaust Chapter 3 121 Reparations Politics, Czech Style: Law, the Camp, Sovereignty Chapter 4 176 “The Law is Such as It Is” Conclusion 198 The Obligation to Receive Bibliography 202 Appendix I 221 i Acknowledgments I have acquired many debts over the course of researching and writing this dissertation. -
I.G. Farben's Petro-Chemical Plant and Concentration Camp at Auschwitz Robert Simon Yavner Old Dominion University
Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons History Theses & Dissertations History Summer 1984 I.G. Farben's Petro-Chemical Plant and Concentration Camp at Auschwitz Robert Simon Yavner Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/history_etds Part of the Economic History Commons, and the European History Commons Recommended Citation Yavner, Robert S.. "I.G. Farben's Petro-Chemical Plant and Concentration Camp at Auschwitz" (1984). Master of Arts (MA), thesis, History, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/7cqx-5d23 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/history_etds/27 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the History at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1.6. FARBEN'S PETRO-CHEMICAL PLANT AND CONCENTRATION CAMP AT AUSCHWITZ by Robert Simon Yavner B.A. May 1976, Gardner-Webb College A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS HISTORY OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY August 1984 Approved by: )arw±n Bostick (Director) Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Copyright by Robert Simon Yavner 1984 All Rights Reserved Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT I.G. FARBEN’S PETRO-CHEMICAL PLANT AND CONCENTRATION CAMP AT AUSCHWITZ Robert Simon Yavner Old Dominion University, 1984 Director: Dr. Darwin Bostick This study examines the history of the petro chemical plant and concentration camp run by I.G. -
Whole Dissertation Hajkova 3
Abstract This dissertation explores the prisoner society in Terezín (Theresienstadt) ghetto, a transit ghetto in the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia. Nazis deported here over 140, 000 Czech, German, Austrian, Dutch, Danish, Slovak, and Hungarian Jews. It was the only ghetto to last until the end of Second World War. A microhistorical approach reveals the dynamics of the inmate community, shedding light on broader issues of ethnicity, stratification, gender, and the political dimension of the “little people” shortly before they were killed. Rather than relegating Terezín to a footnote in narratives of the Holocaust or the Second World War, my work connects it to Central European, gender, and modern Jewish histories. A history of victims but also a study of an enforced Central European society in extremis, instead of defining them by the view of the perpetrators, this dissertation studies Terezín as an autarkic society. This approach is possible because the SS largely kept out of the ghetto. Terezín represents the largest sustained transnational encounter in the history of Central Europe, albeit an enforced one. Although the Nazis deported all the inmates on the basis of their alleged Jewishness, Terezín did not produce a common sense of Jewishness: the inmates were shaped by the countries they had considered home. Ethnicity defined culturally was a particularly salient means of differentiation. The dynamics connected to ethnic categorization and class formation allow a deeper understanding of cultural and national processes in Central and Western Europe in the twentieth century. The society in Terezín was simultaneously interconnected and stratified. There were no stark contradictions between the wealthy and majority of extremely poor prisoners. -
Spiritual Leaders in the IFOR Peace Movement
A Lexicon of Spiritual Leaders In the IFOR Peace Movement Version 4 Page 1 of 156 10.4.2012 Dave D’Albert Disclaimer:................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Forward:...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 The Start of it all............................................................................................................................................................... 6 1914............................................................................................................................................................................. 6 Bilthoven Meeting 1919............................................................................................................................................... 6 Argentina.......................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Adolfo Pérez Esquivel 1931-....................................................................................................................................... 7 Others with little or no information............................................................................................................................... 7 D. D. Lura-Villanueva ............................................................................................................................................ -
An Organizational Analysis of the Nazi Concentration Camps
Chaos, Coercion, and Organized Resistance; An Organizational Analysis of the Nazi Concentration Camps DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Thomas Vernon Maher Graduate Program in Sociology The Ohio State University 2013 Dissertation Committee: Dr. J. Craig Jenkins, Co-Advisor Dr. Vincent Roscigno, Co-Advisor Dr. Andrew W. Martin Copyright by Thomas V. Maher 2013 Abstract Research on organizations and bureaucracy has focused extensively on issues of efficiency and economic production, but has had surprisingly little to say about power and chaos (see Perrow 1985; Clegg, Courpasson, and Phillips 2006), particularly in regard to decoupling, bureaucracy, or organized resistance. This dissertation adds to our understanding of power and resistance in coercive organizations by conducting an analysis of the Nazi concentration camp system and nineteen concentration camps within it. The concentration camps were highly repressive organizations, but, the fact that they behaved in familiar bureaucratic ways (Bauman 1989; Hilberg 2001) raises several questions; what were the bureaucratic rules and regulations of the camps, and why did they descend into chaos? How did power and coercion vary across camps? Finally, how did varying organizational, cultural and demographic factors link together to enable or deter resistance in the camps? In order address these questions, I draw on data collected from several sources including the Nuremberg trials, published and unpublished prisoner diaries, memoirs, and testimonies, as well as secondary material on the structure of the camp system, individual camp histories, and the resistance organizations within them. My primary sources of data are 249 Holocaust testimonies collected from three archives and content coded based on eight broad categories [arrival, labor, structure, guards, rules, abuse, culture, and resistance]. -
Newsletter 2005/2
NEWSLETTER 2005/2 “SINCE THEN I BELIEVE IN FATE …” From 14 April through 10 July, the Robert Guttmann Gallery hosted a new exhibition entitled Since Then I Believe in Fate - Transports of Protectorate Jews to the Baltic States in 1942. It was prepared by the Jewish Museum in Pra-gue’s Holocaust Department in association with the Terezín Memorial and the Terezín Initiative Institute. This exhibition was the first part of a broader exhibition project on the little- known transports that were dispatched from the Terezín ghetto before 26 October 1942, when deportations to Auschwitz began. Its focus was on the fate of Bohemian Jews who were transported between 9 January and 22 October 1942 to the Nazi-occupied Baltic states of Latvia and Estonia. The second part of the exhibition project, which is planned for 2007, will be on the deportations of Czech Jews to Belarus and eastern Poland. The fate of Bohemian Jews deported to these places was not previously documented. Staff at the Jewish Museum’s Holocaust Department, headed by Dr. Jana Šplíchalová (the exhibition curator) and Lukáš Přibyl (a filmmaker and historian working with the Jewish Museum), however, managed to bring together a unique collection of archival documents – including trial records with statements by Nazis and former inmates, which are kept in the Bundesarchiv Ludwigsburg and other archives. The recorded interviews with Shoah survivors will be presented in the spring of 2006 in a four-part documentary film. Some of the material brought together for this film was on view at the exhibition. The curators prioritised authentic testimony over mere factual accounts of historical events and provided sco pe for those who survived the horrors of the ghettoes and concentration camps in eastern Europe to convey their impressions and individual experiences. -
It's Not Enough to Be Hidden Away in Some Church
IT’S NOT ENOUGH TO BE HIDDEN AWAY IN SOME CHURCH Svatopluk Karásek (*1942) In an old interview for the magazine Reflex (18. 12. 2000), the Evangelical cleric and musician responded to a question relating to the issues of faith, preaching and political stance: “I always say that politics is essentially an aspect of faith, that we are responsible for the era in which we live. I also signed Charter. The very mild-mannered German theologian Dietrich Bonhöffer in the end got involved in the attack on Hitler and died in a concentration camp. He said he’d been dismayed by the fact that over 60 percent of Christians in Germany had voted for Hitler, even though those terrible anti-Jewish laws were already in place. After all, it’s not enough to be hidden away in some church, to say the Lord’s Prayer and to let on that I don’t have anything to do with what’s happening around me. I’m for Christians feeling responsibility and being engaged. On the other hand, the pulpit can be used extemporaneously in various ways. I experienced that in Switzerland, where many of my friends in the clergy were left-oriented. I sat there as a listener and suffered like an animal when they ventilated their leftist ideas. That’s something to be discussed at a table, where I can argue back. But when I’m sitting below, there’s nothing to but ball my hand into a fist. (…). I’m committed to politics. I regard it as very important. -
The Holocaust and the Cold War Culture and Justice
The Holocaust and the Cold War A special emphasis will be on the particularly significant Fritz Bauer Institut arena of the 1960s Holocaust trials. After a series of Culture and Justice highly publicized legal proceedings in all formerly Geschichte und Wirkung occupied countries in the immediate post-war years, des Holocaust Joint Annual Conference, May 26 – 28, 2021 many trials were held in the Soviet Union, Poland, Fritz Bauer Institut, Frankfurt am Main Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and East Germany during the Imre Kertész Kolleg Jena 1960s. The second part of our conference will examine www.holocaust-and-cold-war.de the confrontation with the crimes and the representation of the Holocaust in the trials, focusing on the interstate Scholarship on the Holocaust and its representations dynamics and competitions between Eastern Bloc states has benefitted beyond measure from the end of the – a consideration that is often overlooked in the analysis Cold War thirty years ago. The manifold opportunities of the systemic competition between East and West. of improved access to archives in Central and Eastern Europe and increased exchange with scholars in the region have revitalized the field. Recently, early research The Holocaust and conducted by witnesses and survivors of the Holocaust, Prof. Dr. Sybille Steinbacher post-war trials in Central and Eastern Europe, and the Director of the Fritz Bauer Institut perspective of victims have come into focus of the Cold War scholarship. While there is consensus on the Holocaust having been a transnational historical process, there is Prof. Dr. Joachim von Puttkamer Culture and Justice no understanding of the extent to which the Cold War Director of the Imre Kertész Kolleg Jena conditioned, framed and formed the histories of the Holocaust constructed between 1945 and 1990. -
USHMM Finding
http://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Interview with Erich Kulka June 8, 1990 RG-50.030*0119 This is a verbatim transcript of spoken word. It is not the primary source, and it has not been checked for spelling or accuracy. http://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection PREFACE The following oral history testimony is the result of a videotaped interview with Erich Kulka, conducted by Linda Kuzmack on June 8, 1990 on behalf of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. The interview took place in Washington, DC and is part of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum’s collection of oral testimonies. Rights to the interview are held by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. The reader should bear in mind that this is a verbatim transcript of spoken, rather than written prose. This transcript has been neither checked for spelling nor verified for accuracy, and therefore, it is possible that there are errors. As a result, nothing should be quoted or used from this transcript without first checking it against the taped interview. This is a verbatim transcript of spoken word. It is not the primary source, and it has not been checked for spelling or accuracy. http://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection ERICH KULKA June 8, 1990 Q: Mr. Kulka, could you identify yourself? Give me your name, and where and when you were born, please. A: I was born in.. -
MS-603: Rabbi Marc H. Tanenbaum Collection, 1945-1992. Series D: International Relations Activities. 1961-1992 Box 74, Folder 4, Tiso, Jozef, 1983
MS-603: Rabbi Marc H. Tanenbaum Collection, 1945-1992. Series D: International Relations Activities. 1961-1992 Box 74, Folder 4, Tiso, Jozef, 1983. 3101 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, Ohio 45220 (513) 221-1875 phone, (513) 221-7812 fax americanjewisharchives.org ~PUBLIC COMMITTEE IN ISRAEL . l''lWllN >~lY>J~ ~N1\!l>;l n>11:i>Yil il7Vli1 OF _SURVIVORS OF AUSCHWITZ . 0'1nH n:,,, nllnn1 ~~d other extermination .camps :RUSALEM 91021 TEL-AVIV 61012 . 61012 .J>Jt<-'m . 91021 o>'Jv1v O.B. 2126 Tel. 2n049 P.0.B. 1303 Tel. 767631 767oJI ·'" ,IJOJ .,.n 222049 .~\1 , 2126 .,.n November 16. 1933 Re: ·Joze:f . Tis·o::.:-convicted and 'executed WRT ci:'ll!YP- inal to be proclaime~ a n:artyr? ·- Yqur Holiness: r: · Mr. Martin Zapletal, Secretarv. of Holocaust .Sunrivors USJ.• ~ & -Q). ; ~ has informed us in a letter dated August ·10, 1983, that the Vati- ... r- can's rep1.•esentative to th_e U ..N. in }lew ~ork, .· Dr. Chili·, .hes. · Q) 0 E granted p'ermlssion for ·the pr~yer to elevate ·ehe 1 'rna,rtyr." Jozef Tiso, to s~inthood. · · · · · · It was our tmderstanding th.at this was not taking place, as your Holine_ss "?ill see from the enclosed three ~Jewsle•llets. (;lo.· 20, p . .. ·l is O'l,lr letter to your -Holiness of July l,· 1982 , occasioned by events · described in No. 19 • ·p. 1 ~ · No • .21, p. 1 .is !l reply con- · veyed by Father St·ia·s_sny of Rat'f:sbonne in Jerusaletr.. )_ :. Since seemingly .the action. to canonize the .convicted and ex ecuted war criminal .Tiso is continuing, we beg your Holi~ess .for confirmation of the .l!iessage relayed to ·us through Father ·Joseph. -
Se Souvenir De La Mort
Se souvenir de la mort Judith LYON-CAEN À quoi ressemble la mémoire d’un historien survivant de la Shoah, qui a consacré sa vie à l’histoire du nazisme ? De quoi sont peuplés les souvenirs de ceux qui, rescapés, ont passé leur vie au contact des traces de ce temps ? Le travail d’Otto Dov Kulka permet de mesurer la distance entre la recherche historique et le « paysage » de la mémoire. Recensé : Otto Dov Kulka, Paysages de la métropole de la mort, traduit de l’anglais par Pierre-Emmanuel Dauzat, Paris Albin Michel, 2013. Peu d’historiens rescapés se sont risqués à écrire leurs mémoires, comme si la pratique de l’histoire en avait tenu lieu, ou comme si l’écriture des souvenirs menaçait de déjouer la séparation entre présent et passé qu’exige l’opération historiographique. Peu s’y sont risqués, à l’exception de Saul Friedländer, au cœur des années 1970, à l’époque même de la conception de son grand œuvre, L’Allemagne nazie et les Juifs, qui devait être achevé vingt ans plus tard. En cette décennie où la question des rapports entre histoire et psychanalyse agitait vivement les historiens, Friedländer publia Quand vient le souvenir…, qui était inscrit sous le signe de cette citation de l’écrivain autrichien Gustav Meyrink : « Quand vient la connaissance, le souvenir vient aussi, progressivement. Connaissance et souvenir sont une seule et même chose. » On sait que cette expérience fut à l’origine du parcours qui conduisit Friëdlander à faire entrer dans la narration historique les voix des victimes, celles de témoignages produits à l’époque des événements comme celles des souvenirs. -
National Convention 2009
National Convention 2009 American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies November 12–15, 2009 Boston, Massachusetts American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies 41st National Convention November 12–15, 2009 Marriott Copley Place Boston, Massachusetts American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies 8 Story Street, 3rd fl oor Cambridge, MA 02138 tel.: 617-495-0677, fax: 617-495-0680 e-mail: [email protected] web site: www.aaass.org iii CONTENTS Convention Schedule Overview ................................................................. iv List of the Meeting Rooms at the Marriott Copley Place ............................ v Diagrams of Meeting Rooms .................................................................vi–ix Exhibit Hall Diagram ...................................................................................x Index of Exhibitors, Alphabetical................................................................ xi Index of Exhibitors, by Booth Number .......................................................xii 2009 AAASS Board of Directors ...............................................................xiii AAASS National Offi ce .............................................................................xiii Program Committee for the Boston, MA Convention ................................xiii AAASS Affi liates .......................................................................................xiv 2009 AAASS Institutional Members ......................................................... xv Program