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Objecting to Apartheid
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by South East Academic Libraries System (SEALS) OBJECTING TO APARTHEID: THE HISTORY OF THE END CONSCRIPTION CAMPAIGN By DAVID JONES Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the subject HISTORY At the UNIVERSITY OF FORT HARE SUPERVISOR: PROFESSOR GARY MINKLEY JANUARY 2013 I, David Jones, student number 200603420, hereby declare that I am fully aware of the University of Fort Hare’s policy on plagiarism and I have taken every precaution to comply with the regulations. Signature…………………………………………………………… Abstract This dissertation explores the history of the End Conscription Campaign (ECC) and evaluates its contribution to the struggle against apartheid. The ECC mobilised white opposition to apartheid by focussing on the role of the military in perpetuating white rule. By identifying conscription as the price paid by white South Africans for their continued political dominance, the ECC discovered a point of resistance within apartheid discourse around which white opposition could converge. The ECC challenged the discursive constructs of apartheid on many levels, going beyond mere criticism to the active modeling of alternatives. It played an important role in countering the intense propaganda to which all white South Africans were subject to ensure their loyalty, and in revealing the true nature of the conflict in the country. It articulated the dis-ease experienced by many who were alienated by the dominant culture of conformity, sexism, racism and homophobia. By educating, challenging and empowering white citizens to question the role of the military and, increasingly, to resist conscription it weakened the apartheid state thus adding an important component to the many pressures brought to bear on it which, in their combination, resulted in its demise. -
H^ LEPHONE-CONFEI,Ience: HELD 0N S«Turdfly 10 AUGUST
fiTTN. CO S&, ' - „ M > ' -1--------- ----------Z 2 <3 6 j ! /aS x > 0 3/ * 3 cv i r G> b // 7 w o TB ? T 2 « « H^ LEPHONE- CONFEI,iENCE: HELD 0N s«TURDflY 10 AUGUST 1990 BETWEEN JOHANNESBURG, DURBAN & CAPE TOWN I 1. REGIONAL REPORTS 1 -1 DURBAN Mxke Graaf had a remand hearing cn IS August. The AG is still deciding whether to (withdraw charges. Trial date set for 2 October. Mike will be sending out a newsletter to all centres soon. Brendan Moran has been advised by his lawyers to ignore the August call-up he received! as it has no legal standing (his earlier call-up legally hojlds). National register <771) nojw falls under the auspices of ECC 1.2 CAPE TOWN The organisation has not mpt since 6 June. This meeting was DQorly At-tpnH»rl (13 Hwuplc.) ^fier pf.w., li iy nidny uf tne objectors on the local Hsjt., Had input from Alan Dodson on - -- (fV-rrent legal P°sitionj. The "Objector" was completed inally and fflQiled out to ell on the Jhb list as well as others. Johannesburg askedi for some more "Objectors". HI I ; • 1.3 JOHANNESBURG Doug Torr is out on bail pending his appeal which will probably be heard in about 6 months. Work is being done especially in the churches,to make people aware that the issue of CO is still around. A new pamphlet has been 1 prin ted. Press coverage around Doug.and Charlie has been good - ? need to improve press linki in other centres to see that they pick up on info put out by SAPA. -
AG1977-A4-7-3-001-Jpeg.Pdf
A 4. 7 - 3 P.O. Box 537 Phone: 836-8423 Kengray 2100 Fax: 834-3189 5/4/91 Dear Mr. Heyns, Thank you for your letters of 12/12/90 ana 22/3/91 with regard to the President’s Council’s investigation into an ethical code of conduct for South African political parties. Your reauest for participation was discussed at our National Executive meeting in March 1991. It was decided that the End Conscription Campaign would not Pe able to participate because we feel that tnis investigation falls outside our brief. We regard ourselves as a human rights group rather than a political party and we are only concerned with the issues of conscription and militarisation in South Africa. We appreciate the invitation and would be happy to participate in any other President’s Council investigation provided that it was directly linked to our issues. Yours sincerely, — , Nan Cross, ECC National Secretary. C o r n p a i j r t m 3 12 April 1991 The General Secretary Dear Comrades We hope that by now you have received the joint discussion paper on ’Building the Youth Front'. The paper is the work of the joint committee set up by the last Seminar on 1 March 1991 on the Youth Front. Part of the mandate of the committee was to convene a follow-up Seminar to discuss the process and programme of the Youth Front. Section B of the discussion paper deals with these issues and we suggest that the paper be used as a basis for the discussions. -
Chapter 1 – Introduction and Research Methodology
EMPOWERING ALTERNATIVES: A history of the Conscientious Objector Support Group’s challenge to military service in South Africa by Judith Patricia Connors submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of M Com in the subject Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies at the University of KwaZulu-Natal Supervisor: Professor G. Maré October 2007 2 To Nan Cross who has gone on her way leaving us a legacy of bright-eyed, sharp-minded, warm-hearted, fearless activism. 3 I declare that “Empowering alternatives: A history of the Conscientious Objector Support Group’s challenge to military service in South Africa” is my own work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. 4 Acknowledgments I would like to thank all the people who have contributed to this study. To the members of the COSG who had the vision to fund a study like this; my sincere and humble appreciation for entrusting me with this task. It has been a privilege to get to know you and the work you were involved in. To my supervisor, Prof. Gerry Maré, whose commitment to ensuring that crucial parts of South Africa’s history do not get forgotten; thank you for striking the perfect balance between giving freedom on the one hand and urging the need for revision on the other; between challenge and praise. And to Prof. Geoff Harris who has developed and coordinated the Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies Programme at UKZN; I am extremely grateful to you for making a programme of this calibre accessible to us, and for asking me whether I would like to research this particular topic. -
End Conscription Campaign 4Lt
End Conscription Campaign 4lt ■/ ECC PRESS RELEASE 4 JANUARY 1991 JANUARY 1991 CALL-UP On 8 January 1991, yet another whites-only call-up into the SADF will begin. Despite the government’s supposed commitment to political change, it refuses even to discuss the replacing of the existing racist system of military conscription. Resistance to conscription continues to grow, with thousand of conscripts failing to report for camps and evading initial military service. While the existing system of conscription collapses, the government selectively prosecutes a few high-profile conscientious objectors, while most "draft dodgers" are left alone, in a hypocritical and opportunistic attempt to intimidate other would-be objectors. However, the great increase in the numbers of those who have refused publicly to perform military service in defence of apartheid proves the failure of this strategy. We say to President F W de Klerk: The retention of a racist, whites-only system of conscription is not acceptable. The refusal of the SADF and your government even to discuss the future of the defence force and the system of conscription is not acceptable. The continued persecution and selective prosecution of conscientious objectors is not acceptable. Your failure to take effective disciplinary steps against General Magnus Malan and senior SADF personnel responsible for the actions of the CCB and the obstruction of the Harms Commission is not acceptable. While such glaring discrepancies exist between your talk of reform and democracy on the one hand, and the continuation of racist and undemocratic practices on the other, we will continue to find your bona fides unacceptable. -
1 Historical Papers Photograph Collections
1 HISTORICAL PAPERS PHOTOGRAPH COLLECTIONS (Excluding CPSA) The collections include albums, scrapbooks, loose prints, negatives, slides, postcards, some posters, sketches and paintings, and images on glass or metal plates. Most of the items were received with collections of documents. A1 HOFMEYR, Jan Hendrik, 1894 – 1948 Gf 1-2. Photographs of Hofmeyr in his personal & professional life. Detailed list of photos in published inventory no. 13. Kd 1-8. Collection of postcards. These include: South African scenes/towns (early 1900s); six Boer Generals who signed the Peace Treaty, 31 May 1902; place where Dr Jameson surrendered; military hospital in a church - Anglo-Boer War; Nachmaal Camp; bottom of diamond mine at Jagersfontein; early stamps of the Transvaal; cartoons - Springboks vs England; neighbouring states - Rhodesia and German SWA; overseas postcards; miscellaneous - birthday and Xmas greetings. Photographs stored in filing cabinet; postcards stored in small acid-free box. A3 ANDERSSON, Charles John Notes, with coloured sketches/plates, of the birds of Damaraland. The notes formed the basis for his published work Notes on the Birds of Damaraland, London, 1872. Not removed from original collection. A13 BLANKENBERG, Sir Reginald Andrew Group photographs of leading South African and British political figures (1920 - 1924).Stored in the folio shelves. A17Fol BRITISH ASSOCIATION OF SCIENCE Photograph album entitled "The British Association meeting, South Africa 1905”. Includes photos taken by delegates on board ship; farm workers (Stellenbosch); Zulu “scenes” including rickshaws, wedding, huts, dances etc.; women workers; Chinese compound; mining scenes; miners; Zimbabwe scenes. Negatives in file. Album stored in poster cabinet. A22 COHEN, Louis Photographs and postcards of early Benoni. -
Ivan Toms and Steven Beukes (CT) Andrew Warmback, Martin Birtwhistle, Brendan Moran (Dbn) Chris De Villiers and Nan Cross (Jhb) Mandy Taylor (National)
1990. Present: Ivan Toms and Steven Beukes (CT) Andrew Warmback, Martin Birtwhistle, Brendan Moran (Dbn) Chris de Villiers and Nan Cross (Jhb) Mandy Taylor (National) 1 . Regional Reports Cape Town: COSG will probably meet once a month and a small executive will meet more often. ECC will assume most of the responsibility for this area in CT. Johannesburg: Press conference held when Saul released. Christmas events: Produced poster, sent card to VIP’s, sent letter to churches with Christmas prayer for release of objectors. International CO day art exhibition being planned. Durban: Successful Charles Bester meeting held. Inter alia, Judy and Ivan spoke. COSG/Umlazi Youth League peace rally held. COSG has grown over the last period. With ECC again being active, COSG will scale down its work but will continue to meet once a month. 2. Matters arising from previous minutes: 2.1 Van Loggerenberg Committee Draft copy handed out. Amendments to reach Mandy within the next week. 2.2 Media Issues Objector: Articles, photos, etc to be sent to CT by end of February. Next edition out by mid-March. At least next two editions to be produced by COSG. SA Outlook: R1.30 each. CT to send to each region. Jhb will send out i nternati onal1y . National Pamphlet: Jhb pamphlet has been produced. Some copies will be sent to CT and Dbn. T-Shi rts Durban has produced some for other regions. R12 each. 2.3 National Conference postponed. 2.4 Logo Suggestions to Mandy within two weeks. 2.5 Briefing of Released Leaders Jhb still has this responsibility.