I.S. Antarctic Projects Officer Bullet N

Home , Beethoven Peninsula, Edge Glacier, Fisher Glacier, Heritage Range, Lambert Glacier, List of glaciers

I.S. ANTARCTIC PROJECTS OFFICER BULLET N

VOLUME III NUMBER 1

SEPTEMBER 1961 On September 29 [1911] a still more certain sign of spring appeared -- a flight of Antarctic petrels. They came flying up to us to bring the news that now spring had come -- this time in earnest. We were de- lighted to see these fine, swift birds again. They flew round the house several times to see whether we were all there still; and we were not long in going out to receive them.

So now spring had really arrived; we had only to cure the frost-bitten heels and then away.

Roald Amundsen, The South Pole, vol. I, p. 392.

Thursday, September 14 [1911]. . . . I have been exceedingly busy finishing up the Southern plans, get- ting instruction in photographing, and preparing for our jaunt to the west. I held forth on the ,Southern Plans yesterday; everyone was enthusiastic, and the feeling is general that our arrangements are calcu- lated to make the best of our resources. Although people have given a good deal of thought to various branches of the subject, there was not a suggestion offered for improvement. The scheme seems to have earned full confidence: it remains to play the game out.

Captain Robert F. Scott, Scotts Last Expedition, arranged by Leonard Huxley, vol. I, p. 280.

Volume III, Number 1 September 1961

CONTENTS

Operation DEEP FREEZE 62 1

Ship Operations 3

Air Operations 7

Station Operations 8

Traverse Operations 11

New Zealand Ocean Station Ship 12

Publications 12

1962 Scientific Program 13

National Science Foundation Grants 22

Personal 23

Antarctic Names Approved by the Board on Geographic Names 24

New Map of Antarctica 27

Philatelic Mail 28 The Bulletin of the United States Antarctic Projects Officer is published monthly, except July and August. In it will be summarized the activities of the United States in Antarctica, planning for future operations, and other matters of interest in Antarctic affairs.

Material for this issue of the Bulletin was taken mainly from Operation DEEP FREEZE 62, Commander Task Force FORTY THREE (CcmNavsuppFor Antarctica) operation Plan No. 1-61; Department of Defense News Re- leases, No. 867-61 "Fact Sheet: Science Program in Antarctica," No. 868-61 "Navy Announces Plans for DEEP FREEZE 62," and No. 873-61 "Fact Sheet: Oper- ation DEEP FREEZE 62;" and National Science Founda- tion News Release NSF-61-140 "National Science Foun- dation Announces 1962 U.S. Antarctic Research Program." The Bulletin wishes to express its appreciation to the Aeronautical Chart and Information Center for making available to our readers copies of its new map of Ant- arctica. The Board on Geographic Names has also had the kindness to permit the Bulletin to publish the third list of supplementary names to its Gazetteer No. 14 9 Geographic Names of Antarctica. Information given is subject to change to meet revised schedules. Scientific programs will be extended as additional grants are made. Details on these will ap- pear in later issues.

All inquiries should be directed to the United States Antarctic Projects Officer, 718 Jackson Place, North- west, Washington 25, D.C. Telephone: STerling 3-0860, Extension 3795. OPERATION DEEP FREEZE 62

The coming season will witness the greatest United States effort in the Antarctic since Operation DEEP FREEZE II (1956..1957). The Department of Defense has assigned 11 ships, including one from the Coast Guard, and over 40 Army, Navy, and Air Force aircraft. More than 3,000 persons will be sent to the area to carry out a broad range of activities with the central purpose of supporting the United States scientific program. In direct assistance to the scientists, the National Science Foundation has announced grants of almost $4,700,000 with others expected to follow shortly. Responsibility for bringing in personnel, equipment, and supplies; relieving and evacuating wintering-over personnel; and supporting the extensive scientific program planned for the summer season rests with Rear Admiral David U. Tyree, USN, Coander, U.S. Naval Support Force, Antarc- tica, and United States Antarctic Projects Officer, and, as such, the senior United States representative in the Antarctic area.

United States scientific research in the area is financed and coordi- nated by the National Science Foundation through its Office of Antarctic Programs. The Head of this Office is Dr. Thomas 0. Jones and the Chief Scientist is Dr. Albert P. Crary. It is expected that about 200 scientists will participate in the summer projects, and between 40 and 50 will remain over the winter.

In part, the magnitude of the planned effort comes from the necessity for construction and improvements at the stations. The original Antarctic program was based on the International Geophysical Year, and the stations were built and equipped with the idea of occupancy for a limited time. Scientific research was also organized around the disciplines for that same cooperative effort. With the decision to continue United States Ant- arctic activities indefinitely and the natural desire of the scientists to introduce other worthwhile fields of investigation into their program, a review of existing facilities and the planning for orderly rehabilitation and replacement were undertaken. We have entered into a period of development, as Admiral Tyree has pointed out. Of the many projects involved, most significant during the coming season are the installation of a nuclear reactor at McMurdo Sound, construction of the new Byrd Station, and completion of better communications facilities.

In the extensive scientific program, perhaps the most important innovation is the development of a floating research laboratory. A former attack cargo ship, USNS ELTANIN, is currently being converted for work in the Antarctic by the Military Sea Transportation Service under a grant from the National Science Foundation.

1 REAR ADMIRAL DAVID U. TYREE, USN, U.S. Antarctic Projects Officer and Commander, U.S. Naval Support Force, Antarctica, is a native of Washington, D.C. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy, and holds a Master of Science Degree from the University of Michigan. Coixnis- sioned Ensign on 4 June 1925, be attained the rank of Rear Admiral on 1 November 1952.

For outstanding service during World War II in the South Pacific, Admiral Tyree received two Letters of Commendation and a Legion of Merit. During the Korean conflict, be was awarded a Gold Star in lieu of a Second Legion of Merit.

In 1956 he became Superintendent of the Naval Gun Factory, and during part of that year, he served as Commandant of the Potomac River Naval Command. In 1958, as Deputy Commander, Joint Task Force 7, he was responsible for the Navy participation in nuclear tests at the Eniwetok Proving Ground.

He assumed command of Naval Support Force, Antarctica, on 14 April 1959, relieving Rear Admiral George J. Dufek, USN (Rot.).

CAPTAIN EDWIN A. McDONALD, USN, Deputy Ccwnander, U.S. Naval Support Force, Antarctica, a veteran of six Arctic and six Antarctic expeditions, will assume over-all command of DEEP FREEZE ships and will lead a late season attempt to penetrate the Amundsen Sea from the west. Admiral Tyrees Deputy as U.S. Antarctic Projects Officer is DR. JAMES E. MOONEY, Who has been closely associated with Antarctic affairs since the early expeditions of Admiral Byrd and with DEEP FREEZE operations from their inception.

DR. THOMAS 0. JONES, Head of the Office of Antarctic Programs of the National Science Foundation, was born in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. He received his Bachelor of Science Degree from Wisconsin State College, and his Doo- tor of Philosophy Degree in Chemistry from the University of Wisconsin.

Dr. Jones was a Professor of Chemistry at Haverford College for nearly twenty years, and served as head of the department at that institution. From 1944 to 1947, he served in an administrative capacity in the Metallurgical Laboratory of the Argonne National Laboratory.

His affiliation with the National Science Foundation began in 1956, and he became Director, United States Antarctic Research Program, in 1959 and Head of the Office of Antarctic Programs in 1961.

DR. ALBERT P. CRARY, Chief Scientist of the Office of Antarctic Pro- grams, is a graduate of St. Lawrence University (B.S.) and Lehigh Univer- sity (U.S.). He holds an honorary Doctor of Philosophy Degree from Lehigh.

2 He has worked with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and with the Air Force Cambridge Research Center. In 1952, he was a member of the team that established a scientific station on an Arctic ice island.

After serving on planning committees for the International Geophys- ical Year, he spent two and one-half years in Antarctica as Deputy Chief Scientist of the United States International Geophysical Year Antarctic Program and as Scientific Leader at Little America Station. He also led geophysical and glaciological traverses on the Ross Ice Shelf and over the Victoria Land Plateau. During DEEP FREEZE 61, he returned to the Antarctic to lead a traverse from McMurdo Sound to the South Pole. Dr. Crary has served as Chief Scientist of the United States Antarctic Re- search Program and, since June 1961, in a similar capacity with the Of- fice of Antarctic Programs. He is also Scientific Advisor to the Direc- tor, National Science Foundation.

SHIP OPERATIONS

Ten ships will compose the ship task group headed by Captain Edwin A. McDonald, USN. They include one Coast Guard and three Navy icebreakers, four cargo ships, and two tankers. The eleventh ship, USS VANCE, will perform radar picket duty along the line of flight between New Zealand and McMurdo Sound and will be under direct operational control of the task force coninander.

The ship group will transport personnel, supplies, and materials to and from Antarctica. This season, it is planned to try to reach McMurdo Sound with a tanker and cargo ship escorted by three icebreakers on 20 November, about a month in advance of the usual ship operation. The ships will also conduct reconnaissance missions and make oceanographic, hydrographic, and geographic studies when possible. In January, Cap- tain McDonald aboard USS GLACIER will attempt to penetrate the pack between the Ross and Amundsen Seas to the coast of Marie Byrd Land.

Asterisks indicate dates that are subject to change because of ice conditions, unloading difficulties, and operating requirements.

USS ARNEB (AKA-56)

ARNEB, Captain S.A. Bobczynski, USN, Commanding, has participated in all DEEP FREEZE operations since 1955. She is scheduled to make three round trips between Port Lyttelton, New Zealand, and McMurdo Sound.

I. Davisville, R.I. 1 November Panama, C.Z. 8 November 9 November Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 1 December 4 December McMurdo Sound, Ant. 12 December 20 December Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 28 December 4 January McMurdo Sound, Ant. 11 January 19 January Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 25 January 30 January Hallett Station, Ant. 3 February 13 February McMurdo Sound, Ant. 14 February 3 March Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 10 March 15 March

USS ATKA (AGB-3)

ATKA, Commander B.E. Toon, USN, Commanding, will return to the Antarctic for the fifth time. She will pass the period from early De- cember to early March based at McMurdo Sound and engage in escort duty and oceanographic work in the Ross Sea area.

Boston, Mass. 23 October Panama, C.Z. 30 October 31 October Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 22 November 27 November McMurdo Sound, Ant. 5 December 2 February Hallett Station, Ant. 3 February 13 February Oceanographic cruise 13 February 20 February McMurdo Sound, Ant. 21 February 3 March Port L4ytteiton, N.Z. 10 March 17 March

Commander E.A. Davidson, USN, is scheduled to relieve Commander Toon in December.

USS BURTON ISLAND (AGB-l)

BURTON ISLAND, Lieutenant Commander W. Deacon III, USN, Commanding, will be one of the ships seeking to reach McMurdo Sound in mid-November. After assisting in breaking the channel to the Naval Air Facility, she will engage in escort and oceanographic work.

Seattle, Wash. 28 September Pearl Harbor, Hawaii 10 October 11 October

Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 27 October 1 November

McMurdo Sound, Ant. 20 November 2 January

Oceanographic cruise 3 January 15 January McMurdo Sound, Ant. 16 January 26 January

Hallett Station, Ant. 3 February 13 February

McMurdo Sound, Ant. 14 February 3 March Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 10 March 17 March

4 USNS CHATIAHOOCHEE (TAOG-82)

CHATTAHOOCHEE, the Master of which had not been announced at press time, will attempt the early penetration of the Ross Sea ice pack. This MSTS tanker is scheduled to make two trips to McMurdo Sound with petro- leum supplies.

Norfolk, Va. 26 September Aruba, N.W.I. 28 September 29 September Panama, C. Z. 1 October 2 October Port Jjttelton, N.Z. 25 October 1 November McMurdo Sound, Ant. 20 November 28 November Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 6 December 9 December McMurdo Sound, Ant. 17 December 23 December Port L,yttelton, N.Z. 1 January 5 January

USCGC EASTWIND (WAGB-279)

EASTWIND, Captain J.W. Naab, Jr., USCG, Commanding, will also participate in the early penetration of the Ross Sea and the breaking of a channel at McMurdo Sound. This Coast Guard icebreaker will engage in general escort duties while in the Antarctic.

Boston, Mass. 19 September Panama, C.Z. 26 September 26 September Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 27 October 1 November McMurdo Sound, Ant. 20 November 15 December Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 23 December 3 January Hallett Station, Ant. 12 January 17 January McMurdo Sound, Ant. 18 January 3 March Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 10 March 17 March

USS EiACHOFN (AoG-7)

ELKHORN, Lieutenant H.G. Billerback, USN, Commanding, is one of two tankers assigned to the operation. The ship will make three runs to McMurdo Sound.

11 December Pearl Harbor, Hawaii 3 January Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 28 December 11 January 15 January McMurdo Sound, Ant. 26 January Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 23 January 7 February McMurdo Sound, Ant. 3 February Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 15 February 18 February

McMurdo Sound, Ant. 25 February 28 February Port 1ytte1ton, N.Z. 9 March 11 March

5 USS GLACIER (AGB.-4)

GLACIER, Commander E.G. Grant, USN, Commanding, is the largest and most powerful of United States icebreakers. She will lead the attempt to reach McMurdo Sound in mid-November. After work in that area, she will return to Port J4ttelton in late December and leave again in early Janu- ary to continue the exploration of the Marie Byrd Land Coast. This season, GLACIER will try to reach the Amundsen Sea from the west.

Boston, Mass. 6 October Panama, C.Z. 13 October 14 October Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 31 October 2 November McMurdo Sound, Ant. 20 November 15 December Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 22 December 2 January Marie Byrd Land Coast 12 January

(GLACIER will return to the United States via the east coast of South America.)

USNS MIZAR (TAK272)

MIZAR, B. Senia, Master, is an MSTS vessel that, along with CHATTA- HOOCHEE and three icebreakers, will be in the group attempting the early transit of the Ross Sea ice pack.

Davisville, R.I. 20 September 25 September Panama, C.Z. 1 October 2 October Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 25 October 1 November McMurdo Sound, Ant. 20 November 1 December Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 9 December 14 December

USNS PRIVATE JOHN H. TOWLE (Tiuc- 240)

TOWLE, K.T. Mortensen, Master, one of four MSTS ships assigned to the task force, has participated in four previous DEEP FREEZE operations. She will proceed directly to Antarctica without stopping in New Zealand.

Davisville, R.I. 28 December 8 January Panama, C.Z. 14 January 15 January McMurdo Sound, Ant. 3 February 14 February Port Ijttelton, N.Z. 22 February 25 February USNS PRIVATE JOSEPH F. MERRELL (TAKv.-4)

MERRELL, with the name of the Master to be announced later, is an MSTS cargo vessel and a veteran of Operation DEEP FREEZE II,,

Port Hueneme, Calif. 30 November Seal Beach, Calif. 1 December 1 December

6 Port Lyttelton, N.Z. 19 December 22 December McMurdo Sound, Ant. 1 January 10 January Port L,yttelton, N.Z. 18 January 21 January

USS VANCE (DER-387)

VANCE, Lieutenant Commander H.C. Penny, USN, Commanding, has for her primary mission the support of aircraft flights to and from Antarctica. She will operate out of Dunedin, N.Z., occupying ocean stations first at South, 1600 East and, after the first flights, at 60° South, 170° East. As directed, she will furnish transportation and medical and 10- gistio support for the New Zealand station on Campbell Island and carry out additional projects prescribed by competent authority.

24 August Pearl Harbor, Hawaii 7 September Papeete, Tahiti 30 August 10 September 16 September Dunedin, N.Z. Ocean Station 19 September

AIR OPERATIONS

Aircraft, already in Antarctica, commenced operations almost coinci- dent with the return of the sun in late August. Planes of Naval Air De- velopment Squadron SIX (vx-6) are scheduled to commence flights from Christchurch, New Zealand, to McMurdo Sound on 20 September 1961. They will be followed about 1 October by C-124 Globemasters of the Military Air Transport Services Ninth Troop Carrier Squadron (Heavy).

After deployment, these aircraft will begin support of the summer program as rapidly as weather and communications permit.

AIR DEVELOPMENT SQUADRON SIX (Vx-6)

The primary mission of VX-6 is to provide aerial logistic support, reconnaissance, and photography and search and rescue services within the Antarctic Continent during the period of DEEP FREEZE 62 air operations. This squadron will also provide aerial support in New Zealand and between New Zealand and both the United States and Antarctica.

Two days after the initial fly-in, it is hoped to open Naval Auxil- iary Air Facilities Little Rockford and Beardmore, after which flights to the inland stations can begin.

Commander M.D. Greenwell, USN, is Commanding Officer of VX- . 6, and, under his direction, the squadron expects to operate the following aircraft:

7 4 0-130BL Hercules 3 P2V..7 Neptunes 3 R4D-8 Skytrains 5 UC-1 Otters 1 R7V..1 Super Constellation 4 HtJS-1A Helicopters

All these aircraft are ski-equipped except the Super Constellation and the helioopters.

ARMY AUGMENTATION UNIT

Attached to VX-6 will be an Army unit of two HU-lB helicopters with its own pilots and maintenance men. This unit will support "Topo North and South," a Tellurometer survey of the Victoria Land Coast. [See below under 1962 Scientific Program: Mapping.]

MILITARY AIR TRANSPORT SERVICE NINTH TROOP CARRIER SQUADRON

Nine C-124 Globemasters, under Lieutenant Colonel Foy B. Frost, USAF, will perform airdrop missions to Byrd and South Pole Stations, in support of traverses, and as may be required in emergency situations. An Air Force SC-54 Rescuemaster will be stationed in Christohuroh, New Zealand, to provide primary searoh and rescue coverage of the northern half of the flight route toMoMurdo Sound. This plane will be withdrawn about 15 December when the Globemasters have completed their Antarctic mission. It is planned to airdrop approximately 350 tons of material to the South Pole Station and 790 tons to Byrd Station. In addition, the Globemasters will carry passen- gers and cargo on their flights between Christchurch and MoMurdo Sound.

SHIPBOARD HELICOPTERS

The Wind. Class icebreakers, AThA, BURTON ISLAND, and KASTWIND, will have on board helicopter units consisting of one HRS and one HTL. GLACIER will be equipped with two HRSs. These versatile aircraft will be used primarily for ice reconnaissance and transport of personnel and cargo.

STATION OPERATIONS

Rehabilitation and improvement of stations will constitute a major part of the suer support program. By March 1962, Antarcticas first nuclear reactor should be ready for operation, and the new Byrd Station should be partially completed and suitable for occupancy. At all stations, there will be considerable construction, alteration, and repair carried out.

At the same time, these stations will support many suer scientific

8 projects and will continue their year-round work in various scientific disciplines.

NAVAL AIR FACILITY MoMURDO SOUND

NA! McMurdo Sound, the principal logistic center for United. States Antartio activities, will be an extremely busy place during Operation DEEP FREEZE 62. Naval Mobile Construction Battalion ONE will install the first nuclear power plant in Antarctica and build other structures, including a new cosmic ray laboratory, a balloon inflation shelter, two 250,000-gallon fuel storage tanks, and an aviation electronics repair shop to replace the one destroyed by fire last year. These projects are in addition to the routine repair and replacement of existing structures and equipment.

Air Force and Navy air and ground crews will maintain aircraft operations in support of the inland stations and logistic and scientific traverses and field parties. Thousands of tons of cargo will have .to be un- loaded from ships, sorted, and stored. Groups of scientists will carry out programs at the station or use it as a base for field operations. It is expected that at the peak of the season there may be as many as 1,000 persons at NA! McMurdo Sound.

The wintering-over complement will consist of approximately 18 officers and 232 enlisted men from the Navy and 8 civilian technicians and scientists. Included among the military group are a highly trained team of 2 officers and 19 men to operate the nuclear power plant and an air unit which will number about 4 officers and 25 men. The civilians will carry on studies in meteorology, cosmic rays, and solar flare radiation in addition to maintaining scientific equipment, much of it used with suer projects.

BYRD STATION

Construction was begun last year on a new Byrd Station, about six miles east of the one originally built in December 1956. The new one will follow the under-snow concept developed by the Army Corps of Engineers at Camp Century in Greenland. While completion of the entire project is not expected this season, it is intended to have the new station ready for occupancy by January or February. In addition to the regular station complement, a construction unit of eight men will winter over to continue the work. When finished, the whole will consist of nine tunnels in which the buildings will be placed and a series of connecting passageways.

A Navy detachment of 11 men, in addition to the construction group, will provide support for the 11 scientists to be stationed at Byrd. The latter will carry on studies in atmospheric noise, aurora, geomagnetism, ionospheric physics, meteorology, and seismology. Three other scientists will occupy a sub-station to be established about 40 miles from the new

9 Byrd Station, where they will cooperate with the auroral physicist at Byrd in a project to determine auroral heights.

The summer program at Byrd may involve as many as 200 persons. C-130s of VX-6 will carry approximately 450 tons of cargo to the old station and 1,800 tons to the new, while MATS C-124s will airdrop another 790 tons.

AMUNDSEN-SCOTT SOUTH POLE STATION

Most of the construction at the Pole Station was done during previous years so that the principal effort will be rehabilitation and repair to in- sure that the buildings can safely carry their increasing burden of snow. Plans are being made to replace the existing station after the new installation at Byrd is completed.

Eleven naval and a like number of scientific personnel will winter over. The scientific program will consist of studies in aurora, geomag-. netism, ionospheric physics, seismology, and meteorology. Included in the meteorological program are special studies in micrometeorology, solar radiation, ozone measurements, and nuclear radiation.

HALLFVrT STATION

A biology laboratory is scheduled for Hallett Station using a building originally erected for communications purposes. The scientific team will consist of three New Zealand scientists, three United States civilian meteorologists, and three United States Navy aerologists. Nine other naval personnel will maintain the station. The New Zealand scientific program will include observations in aurora, geology, ionospheric physics, seismology, and cosmic rays.

SUMMER STATIONS

As soon as possible after the aircraft arrive at McMurdo Sound from New Zealand, the Navy will establish two auxiliary fields. They will be used primarily as weather reporting stations, but will also serve as navigation check points. Both will have caches of aviation fuel for use in emergencies and in search and rescue operations. One, NAAF Beardmore, will be located near the base of the glacier of the same name on the route from McMurdo Sound to the South Pole and will be occupied by three men. The other, NAAF Little Rockford, on the trail between Little America and Byrd Station, will have a complement of seven. If all goes as scheduled, the two auxiliary fields will be opened on 22 September so that flight operations to the inland stations can begin immediately.

Last year, scientific field parties set up three summer stations, Camps Ohio, Minnesota, and Washington. The originating point for the scientific traverse towards the Filolmer Ice Shelf will be Camp Minnesota where last years traverse from Byrd Station ended. Camps Ohio and

10 Washington will be reoccupied in connection with the continued geological investigation of the Horlick Mountains.

FOREIGN-OPERATED STATIONS

In 1959, the United States Government arranged with the Governments of Argentina and Australia that they assume logistic support of the international scientific programs at Ellsworth and Wilkes Stations, respectively. United States scientists have continued to participate in these programs. Three United States meteorologists will winter over with the Australians in 1962. Cooperation will also continue at Ellsworth, but details had not been announced at time of going to press.

AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATIONS

Five automatic weather stations, three "Grasshoppers" and two "Pin- balls," were stored at McMurdo Sound over the winter. An additional station of each type was left in the field during previous years, a "Pinball" in DEEP FREEZE 61 and a "Grasshopper" in DEEP FREEZE 60. Attempts will be made to recover these stations. In addition, a modified "Pinball," using a thermoelectric (nuclear power) generator, will be set up near Kiel Field, Little America, for test purposes. The generator is designed for ample safety against all possible accidents.

The automatic weather stations will be used in such locations and at such times as will best support operations.

TRAVERSE OPERATIONS

LITTLE AMERICA-BYRD TRAVERSE

About 5 November 1961, a one-tractor sled train is expected to depart Little America for Byrd Station, using a D-8 Caterpillar tractor equipped with blade. The vehicle is presently at Little America. Another D-8 tractor broken down at Little Rockford, 240 miles out from Little America, will be picked up and transported along the remainder of the route. Where necessary, the trail will be remarked. VX-6 will furnish aerial support and reconnaissance to the traverse.

An experienced officer from the Army Transportation Corps will lead the operation, but selection was not firm at the time of going to press.

11 EIGHTS COAST TOWARDS FILCHNER ICE SHELF

Under a previous years grant from the National Science Foundation, the University of Wisconsin will conduct a traverse starting from Camp Minnesota, established last year on the Eights Coast at 73 0 29 1 S, 940241w9 and proceeding to Mount yang at about 730 50 1 S, 69°15W. From there, the traverse will push on towards the Filchner Ice Shelf in the hope of com- pleting a tie with the 1957-58 traverse out of Ellsworth Station. The party will take elevations, measure snow accumulations, and determine ice thickness by means of seismic soundings along a 1 9 000-mile route.

The eight men and the three new Sf0-cats allotted to this project, along with their supplies and equipment, will be flown to Camp Minnesota from MoMurdo Sound by VX-6.

At the time of going to press, the leader of the traverse had not been designated.

NEW ZEALAND OCEAN STATION SHIP

RNZNS ROTOITI, a frigate, will serve as an ocean station ship rotat- ing with USS VANCE on station as may be necessary. The addition of this vessel will greatly increase the flexibility of air operations between New Zealand and Antarctica.

PUBLICATIONS

Bedrock Geology of Antarctica by Alfred R. Taylor has been pub. lished and is available for distribution, as is a revised edition of The United States in the Antarctic by Dr. Henry M. Dater, bringing this pamphlet up to date to include material on Operation DEEP FREEZE 61. Both these publications may be obtained from the United States Antarctic Projects Office. Glacial Geology and Glaciology of Antaro.- tioa by James P. Minard is in the final stages of preparation for the printer.

12 1962 SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM

On 14 August 1961, the National Science Foundation announced plans for the 1962 United States Antarctic Research Program. At that time, 53 grants and contracts, amounting to $4,687,783, had been awarded. Addi- tionel grants not yet completed were expected to raise the total to about $50500,000. An important innovation will be the appearance of the USNS ELTANIN serving as a laboratory ship in Antarctic waters • ELTANIN is an ice.. strengthened vessel, which is being modified and outfitted not only for oceanographic research but also for work in other disciplines, including meteorology, upper atmosphere physics, marine biology, and submarine geology. The ship will be operated by the Military Sea Transportation Service under a lease arrangement with the National Science Foundation, which will fund the operation and sponsor the scientific program. One 1,000-mile scientific traverse is planned from the Eights Coast east towards the Filobner Ice Shelf. Numerous other parties will take to the field for a wide range of scientific studies. It is expected that 200 scientists representing more than 25 universities, research institu- tions, and government agencies will take part in summer projects. Al- though plans for United States participation in the scientific program at the Argentine-operated Ellsworth Station were not complete when the an- nouncement was made, between 40 and 50 United States scientists will pass the winter of 1962 in the Antarctic.

AURORA AND AIRGL4)W

The 1962 program calls for the continuation of aurora and airgiow investigations begun during the International Geophysical Year at the winter stations. It is expected that the auroral sub-station, originally planned for last year, will be completed and put into operation. Designed to be self-sufficient for five months, the sub-station will be occupied by three men who will carry out a project to both observe and measure the height of auroral displays. The projects for 1962 together with the responsible institution and principal investigator are listed below:

Arctic Institute of North America

Auroral Heights Measurement Program Norman J. Oliver, Jr.

Continuation of Aurora and Airglow Norman J. Oliver, Jr. Research in Antarctica

13 BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL SCIENCES

A thriving biology program gives the lie to the old 03.iohi thet Ant.. erotica is a lifeless lard. In addition to the continuing studies of birds, insects, and sea orgsnis, scientists plan to investigate the minute life of fresh-water ponds and lakes, which, because of their re- moteness and limited ice-free periods, are little known, and also the soil bacteria of snow-free areas.

The following projects were included among the grants announced on 14 August:

American &zaeua or Natural History

Completion of a Biogeographic Dr. Robert Cu&i Murphy Study of the Petrels and their Allies

Bernice P. Bishop Museum

Entomological Research in Antarctic Dr, J. Linaley Greasitt Regions, with emphasis on Natural Dispersal

Johns Hopkins University

USARP Bird-Banding Program Dr. William J.L. Sladen and Dr. Carl R. Ekiund Ohio State University Research Foundation

Ecological Survey of Antarctic Dr, IL. Boyd Bacteria Stanford University

Support for the DEEP FREEZE 62 Dr. Donald Wohisohiag Program in Biological and Medical Sciences of the USARP Continuing Ecological and Physio- Dr. Donald Wohisohiag logical Studies of Moirdo Sound Marine Animals

Amendment to Support for the DEEP Dr. Donald Wobisohiag FREEZE 62 Program in Biological and Medical Sciences of the US ARP

14 University of California, Davis

Studies on Basic Energy Sources Dr. Charles R. Goldman and Pathways in Antarctic Ponds and Lakes

University of the Pacific

Collecting and Studying Pyonogonida Dr. Joel W. Hedgpetb in Antarctica

COSMIC RAYS

Cosmic ray research has been part of the Antarctic research program ,since the beginning of the International Geophysical Year. Monitoring of cosmic rays will be conducted at Byrd and Hallett Stations and at NAF McMurdo Sound. The following project has been announced:

Barto]. Research Foundation

Continuation of Investigations of Dr. Martin A. Pomerantz Time Variations of the Primary Cos. mic Radiation near the South Geo- ngnetio Pole

[ee1f$e4o

Among topics of speculation in geology has been the connection, if any, between the mountains of West Antarctica and the South American Andes. This possibility will be one subject for investigation by a team that will carry out a geological reconnaissance of the Sentinel Range, lying about 800 miles from the South Pole and constituting one of the worlds largest unexplored mountain chains. Other scientific parties will visit the Horliok Mountains, almer Peninsula, and Mount Gran Dry Valley. A study of soil formation will also be undertaken. One of the startling discoveriós of last season was the finding of permanently ice- covered lakes which had a layer of bottom water with temperatures up to 70 degrees Fahrenheit and of an extreme salinity. This unexpected phe- nomenon will be further investigated in 1962.

15 The planned program includes grants for the projects listed below:

Ohio State University Research Foundation

Glacial and Bedrock Geology of the ParIcr Calkin Mount Gran Dry Valley Area, Antarc- tica

Geological Investigation of Antarc- Dr. S.D. Treves tic Horst Area

Rutgers University

A Study of Pedologio Processes in Dr, J.C.F. Tedrow Antarctica

U.S. Dept. of Interior, Geological Survey

Systematic Geologic Mapping and Re- Charles A. Anderson lated Studies in the Horliok Moun- tains, West Antarctica

University of Kansas

A TAmnologioal and Geochemical In- Dr. Kenneth B. Armitage and vestigation of Lakes Bonney and Ernest E. Angino Var4a, Antarctica

University of Minnesota

Bedrock Geology of the Sentinel Dr. J. Campbell Craddock Mountain Chain and Northwest Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica

University of Wisconsin

Continued Study of Patterned Ground Dr. Robert F. Black in the Antarctic

Stratigraphic and Sedimentologioal Dr. Robert H. Dott, Jr. Studies in the Antarctic Peninsula

16 GEOMAGNETISM

In addition to the programs carried on in previous years, investigators plan to measure high-altitude radiation effects in the earths geomagnetic field by sending detectors aloft in balloons from sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island, south of Australia. At the same time, similar measurements will be made at a geomagnetic conjugate point in College, Alaska.

U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey

U.S. Magnetic Observatories, 1961- Rear Admiral H. Arnold Karo 1962, Antarctica

USARP Magnetic Field Surveys in Rear Admiral H. Arnold ICaro Antarctica, 1961-1962

University of California, Berkeley

Conjugate Point Measurements of High. Dr. Robert R. Brown Altitude Radiation Effects in the Geomagnetic Field

GLACIOLOGY

Glaciological studies will continue at the various stations and will also be carried out by field parties. After two seasons of investigating the movement of the Ross Ice Shelf along its seaward edge and how much the glaciers along the western margin of the shelf add to its mass, interest has shifted to the contribution made from the east by the icecap of Marie Byrd Land.

Grants for the following projects have been announced:

Ohio State University Research Foundation

Traverse Glaciology of Antarctic Dr. Richard P. Goldthwait j Firn

Analysis of IGY-IGC Antarctic Richard L. Cameron Glaciological Data

U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory

Continuation of Calendar Year 1961 Colonel W.L. Nungesser Phase of Deep Thermal Core Drilling in Ice Project

Work in Antarctica, 1961-1962 James A. Bender Season

17 University of Michigan

Ross Ice Shelf Studies Dr. James H. Zumberge University of Minnesota

Support of Airlifted Geophysical Dr. Edward C. Thiel Program in Antarctica

GRAVIMThY

Airborne gravimetric observations will be on aerial flights about the Antarctic Continent under the following grant:

University of Wisconsin

Gravimetric Connections and Magnetic Dr. George P. Woollard Observations between Key Points in Antarctica

IONOSPHERIC PHYSICS

Included among the projects in the field of ionospheric physics are the design of a radio antenna complex for USNS ELTANIN and studies of radio noise aboard that same ship. Investigation of VLF (very low free. quenoy) phenomena, ocienoed last year, and the ionospheric observations begun during the International Geophysical Year will be continued,

Central Radio Propagation Laboratory National Bureau of Standards

Design of Radio Antenna Complex Dr. Fred W. Brown for Floating Antarctic Research Station

Continuation of the Vertical.. Dr, Fred W. Brown Incidence Antarctic Ionospheric Program

Study of Radio Noise Aboard the Dr. Fred W. Brown Ship to be Used as a Floating Antarctic Research Station

18 Stanford University

Continuation Studies of VLF Dr. R.A. Helliwe].l Phenomena in the Antarctic

The United States Geological Survey will undertake the most ambitious Tellurometer survey ever carried out in the Antarctic under the title "Topo North and South." The objective is to obtain the precise ground control needed to utilize existing aerial photography in the preparation of topographicmaps of the western coast of the Ross Sea from Cape Adare to Plunket Point at the head of the Beardmore Glacier. The Survey will be made in two parts. The first, SiTopo South," .111 be concerned with the area from McMurdo Sound to Plunket Point. "Topo North" will be undertaken later. United States Army helicopters will provide necessary transportation.

Planned projects in the field of mapping are as follows: U.S. Dept. of Interior, Geological Survey

Program for Antarctic Mapping Thomas B. Nolan Operations, Fiscal Year 1962

U.S. Dept. of Interior, Office of Geography

To Provide Standard Geographic Dr. Meredith F. Burrill Nomenclature in Antarctica for United States Use

METEOROLOGY

As in the past, meteorological observations will be made at stations, aboard ships, and by parties in the field. Collected information will be used locally for operations and will be forwarded to the International Antarctic Analysis Center at Melbourne, Australia. Climatological and other long-range studies, including inter-disciplinary research, will be continued.

Projects for which grants have been announced are as follows: U.S. Weather Bureau

Antarctic Meteorological Research Dr. F.W. Reichelderfer Program 19 Atmoepherio-Oo.sni.-G]aoiologjo Dr. F.W. R.iohs]4erfsr Interaction in an Antarctic Inter- Disciplinary Research Program

International Antarctic Analysis Dr, F.W. Reiohelderfer Center, United States Participation University of California, La Jolla

A Study of the Abuude-noe of Carbon Dr. Charles D. Keeling Dioxide in the Atmosphere over Antarctica

OCEANOGRAPHY

The appearance of USNS ELTANIN in Antarctic waters will make possible an expanded oceanographic program. The following special projects in this field have been announced:

Columbia University

Radioisotope Studies in the Oceans Dr. 1.3. Broeoker with Special Emphasis on the Ant- arctic

Seismic Reflection Measurements in Dr. Maurice Ewing High Southern Latitudes

Texas A & U Research Foundation

Calcium Carbonate Saturation Level Dr. Donald W. Hood of the Ocean from Latitudes of North America to Antarctica

Surface and Deep Current Measure- Dr, Dale F. Leipper aid ments in the Drake Passage Luis Capurro Yale University

The Distribution of Rubidium, Dr. Karl K. Turekian Strontium, Cesium and Barium in Oceanic Vertical Profiles with Special Emphasis on the Antarctic

KII s1?ise4

Station seismological programs will be continued at Byrd, Pol., Hallett, and Wilkes Stations. At the last two, New Zealand and Austra- has scientists will make the observations. The planned traverse from the Eights Coast towards the Jilobner be Shelf will take seismic soundings along the route.

California Institute of Technology

Operation, Upkeep, Replacement of Dr. Hugo Benioff South American Earth Strain Sta- tions at Nana, Peru, and Santiago, Chile - 1962 U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Antarctic Seismological Observa- Rear Admiral H. Arnold Karo tories

11^061 -0

A ==bar of grants do not fit readily into the pattern of scientific disciplines. Among the recipients are two university organizations for the conduct of polar studies, while another two grants are related to mod- ifying and equipping the USNS ELTANIN as an Antarctic research ship. One provided a contribution to the support of the Pacific Science Congress in the susmer of 1961, while another is for general support of the scientific program.

Arctic Institute of North America

Related Scientific Support of the Robert C. Faylor U.S. Antarctic Research Program Columbia University To Equip a Research Vessel for Goo- Dr. Maurice Ewing logical, Geophysical and Oceano- graphic Research in Antarctic Waters

Military Sea Transportation Service

Conversion of Vessel for Antarctic Vice Admiral Roy A. Gano Ooean Research 21 National Academy of Sciences

Request for General Support of the Dr. Harold J. Coolidge Tenth Pacific Science Congress

Ohio State University Research Foundation

Institute of Polar Studies Dr. Richard P. Goldthwait University of Wisconsin

Continuation of Geophysical and Dr. George P. Woollard Polar Research Center

Also announced, but not listed among the grants, is the establishment in cooperation with the Douglas Aircraft Company of a station at NM McMurdo Sound for the study of solar flare radiation, the source of one of the most serious menaces to space travelers.

NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION GRANTS

The following is a list of grantees for the 1962 Antarctic research program, listing the agency or institution, discipline(s) in which grants are made, and total dollars awarded.

Discipline code: aa - aurora and airglow, bm biological and medical sciences, Os - geodesy and cartography, or cosmic rays, go glaciology, gi geology, gin geomagnetism, gr gravinietry, ip ionospheric physics, nit meteorology, cc - oceanography, ot - other, as - station seismology.

American Museum of Natural History: bm..l $ 129000- Arctic Institute of North America: aa..2, ot.,l 561,206 Bartol Research Foundation: or-i 89,650 Bernice P. Bishop Museum: bin-i 22,740 California Institute of Technology: ss-1 12,636- Columbia University: oc-2, otl 476,493 Johns Hopkins University: bm..l 14,039 -- Military Sea Transportation Service: ot-1 1,027,076 National Academy of Sciences: ot-1 5,900 - National Bureau of Standards: ip-3 199,300 Ohio State University Research Foundation: bin-i, gc-2, 197,933 - gl-2, ot-.l Rutgers University: gl-1 16,387 - Stanford University: bm..3, gin-i 276,033 Texas A& U Research Foundation: oo-2 68,755 U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory: 30,660 go-2 22 U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey: gm-2, ss-]. 121,980- U.S. Dept. of Interior, Geological Survey: ca-1, gi-i 355,840 U.S. Dept. of Interior, Office of Geography: ca-1 12,448 U.S. Weather Bureau: mt-3 700,029 - University of California: l,m-1, gm.-1, mt-i 116,926 University of Kansas: gi-1 18,352- University of Michigan: go-1 61,886 University of Minnesota: go-1, gl-1 102,182 - University of the Pacific: bm-1 550- University of Wisconsin: gl-2, gr-1, ot-1 173,163- Yale University: oo-1 13,620

PERSONAL

Captain John Cadwalader, USNR, was detached from the United States Antarctic Projects Office on 31 July 1961 and is now assigned to the Geography Branch of the Office of Naval Research. Lieutenant (junior grade) George F. McCleary, Jr., USNR, was detached from this Office on 19 June 1961 and placed on inactive duty in the naval reserve a few days later. He has been awarded a National Defense Fellowship and expects to do graduate work in geography at the University of Wisconsin.

On 8 August 1961, Dr. Albert P. Crary, Chief Scientist of the Office of Antarctic Programs and Scientific Advisor on Antarctica to the Director of the National Science Foundation, received an incentive award of $4,700 from the United States Air Force for his work in both Polar regions. It was noted that Dr. Crary is probably the only man ever to have stood at both Poles. The accomplishment of another Ant-- arctic veteran, Mr. Amory H. Waite, has been recognized by the Chief of Research and Development, United States Army. Mr. Waite has received an achievement award for the development of an electronic method for ice-depth measurement.

In July, the Coast Guard announced the selection for rear admiral of Oscar C • Rohnke • Admiral Rohnke commanded the USCOC EASTWIND during Operation DEEP FREEZE I.

23 ANTARCTIC NAMES APPROVED BY THE BOARD ON GEOGRAPHIC NAMES

The following Antarctic names have been approved by the Board on Geographic Names and the Secretary of the Interior. They supplement decisions included in BGN Gazetteer No. 14, Geographic Names of Antarctica, January 1956, Supplementary List No. 1, Novem- ber 1960, and a brief list included in the Bulletin of March 1961.

With the exception of Heritage Range, the prominent range southward of the Sentinel Range in the Ellsworth Mountains, the names apply to geographic features of eastern Antarctica or Alexander Island and vicinity. New nomenclature predominates, but the listing includes a small number of amended names and decisions which have been vacated reflecting refinements in cartographic knowledge of the area.

NAMES APPROVED

Amphitheatre Lake 68006S, 48°45E Crohn Massif 70°29S, 64°59E Anare Nunataks 69 58 S 64 37 E Cronus, Mount 67 20 5 50 06 E Ariel, Mount 71 22 S 68 40 w Cupola, Mount 69 21 S 70 27 W Athos Range 70 13 5 65 15 E Dalton, Mount 69 26 5 157 50 E Auster Glacier 67 12 5 50 42 E Debenham Peak 67 21 S 50 26 E Aus t sk jer a 67 32 S 64 01 E Debussy Heights 69 44 S 71 17 W Bach Ice Shelf 72 00 S 72 00 W Deception Glacier 78 30 5 158 30 E Barrier Bay 67 45 5 81 05 E Delius Glacier 69 32 S 70 50 W Bart6k Glacier 69 38 S 71 00 W Depot Island 66 56 5 57 18 E Bayliss, Mount 73 32 5 62 40 E Depot Peak 69 02 S 64 36 E Beaver Glacier 67 02 S 50 40 E Dingsr Dome 68 04 S 67 31 E Beaver Island 67 08 S 50 52 E Dint Island 69 17 S 71 49 W Beaver Lake 70 48 S 68 20 E Dione Nunataks 71 56 5 69 06 W Beethoven Peninsula 71 40 S 73 45 w Dismal Mountains 68 05 S 55 25 E Berlioz Point 72 10 S 73 36 W Doggers Nunataks 67 46 5 54 51 E Bewsher, Mount 70 54 S 65 28 E Douanier Rock 66 49 S 142 04 E Blair Peak 67 47 S 62 53 E Dovers Peak 69 42 5 64 26 E Boccherini Inlet 71 42 S 72 00 W Downer Glacier 67 00 S 56 15 E Borg Island 66 58 S 57 38 E Draves Point 66 05 S 101 04 E Borland, Mount 74 25 S 67 45 E Drury Nunatak 69 15 5 156 57 E Borodin, Mount 71 32 S 72 41 w Dvorak Ice Rise 71 17 5 72 57 W Brahms. Inlet 71 25 S 73 55 W Eld Peak 69 20 S 157 15 E Brooke, Mount 76 50 S 159 56 E Elgar Uplands 69 34 S 70 30 W Bunt, Mount 70 46 S 66 21 E Enigma Peak 69 24 S 72 42 W Burnett, Mount 67 53 S 62 47 E Eros Glacier 71 18 5 68 20 W Burnside Ridges 69 11 S 157 12 E Escalade Peak 78 38 5 159 23 E Carapace Nunatak 76 54 5 159 27 E Evans Island 67 36 5 62 50 E Chapman Ridge 67 28 S 60 59 E Exile Nunatak 70 19 S 71 16 W Cheesman Island 69 31 5 74 58 W Figaro Nunatak 69 56 S 70 57 W Chopin Hill 71 36 S 73 46 W Fisher Glacier 73 15 5 66 00 E Clemence Massif 72 10 S 68 45 E Flagstone Bench 70 50 5 68 15 E Collins, Mount 71 30 S 66 50 E Flat Islands 67 36 5 62 51 E Coombes Ridge 69 08 S 157 02 E Franck Nunat aks 71 26 5 72 20 W Corelli Horn 70 42 S 69 49 W Fyfe Hills 67 21 S 49 15 E Crean, Mount 77 54 S 159 28 E Galten Islands 66 23 5 56 25 E Giovanni Peak 69°50 S, 71°24W Mellor Glacier 73°30S, 66030E Gleadell, Mount 66 58 S 50 28 E Mendelssohn Inlet 71 15 S 73 00 W Glinka Islands 69 23 S 72 17 W Menzies, Mount 73 30 5 61 50 E Gluck Peak 71 39 5 72 35 W Meredith, Mount 71 10 S 67 40 E Gowlett Peaks 69 53 5 64 55 E Merger Island 70 06 S 71 13 W Grieg, Mount 71 27 S 73 22 W Milky Way 71 11 S 68 55 W Grove Nunataks 72 53 S 74 53 E Mirnyy Peak 69 20 S 72 34 W Handel Ice Piedmont 70 20 S 71 00 W Mohaupt Point 66 04 5 100 47 E Hannan Ice Shelf 67 36 5 47 35 E Morley, Mount 69 33 S 71 37 W Harald Bay 69 07 S 157 45 E Mozart Ice Piedmont 70 00 S 71 00 W Harvey, Mount 66 55 S 50 48 E Mule Point 67 05 S 58 17 E Havte Mountains 69 08 S 71 40 W Mulock Glacier 79 03 S 159 10 E Haydn Inlet 70 13 S 70 45 W Mussorgsky Peaks 71 22 S 73 36 W Heritage Range 79 30 S 84 00 W Nemesis Glacier 70 35 S 67 30 E Hoist Peak 71 20 S 70 06 W Nichols Snowfield 69 25 S 71 05 W Hordern Gap 67 53 5 62 33 E Nilsson Rocks 71 41 5 67 38 E Hudson, Cape 68 21 S 153 45 E Nonplus Crag 70 58 5 69 10 w Izabeile, Mount 72 10 S 66 30 E NOt Island 67 38 S 62 43 E Jetty Peninsula 70 25 5 68 55 E Nye Mountains 68 10 S 49 00 E Johnston, Mount 71 31 5 67 24 E Obelisk, The 71 50 S 70 33 W Karm Island 67 00 S 57 27 E Oberon Peak 71 24 S 69 32 W Kista Rock 69 44 S 74 24 E Observation Island 67 01 S 50 24 E Kjerringa, Mount 66 29 S 55 12 E Odell Glacier 76 46 S 159 47 E Kloa Point 66 42 5 57 17 E Oldfield, Mount 66 49 S 50 36 E Klung Islands 67 33 S 63 00 E Palestrina Glacier 69 21 5 71 35 W Knuckey Peaks 67 54 S 53 32 E Palindrome Buttress 70 59 S 71 17 W Lang Island 66 59 S 57 42 E Paris, Mount 68 58 S 70 50 W Lashly Glacier 77 55 S 159 48 E Parsons, Mount 67 47 S 62 35 E Lassèll, Mount 71 45 5 68 50 W Patrick Point 73 30 S 66 50 E Lassus Mountains 69 30 5 71 37 W Perov Nunataks 67 34 5 51 12 E Latady Island 70 45 S 74 35 W Pickering Nunatak 71 23 S 70 50 E Lauritzen Bay 69 05 5 156 50 E Pioneer Crossing 68 29 5 78 22 E Law Islands 67 14 S 59 05 E Planet Heights 71 13 S 68 47 W Lazarev Bay 69 20 S 72 00 W Portal, The 78 00 5 159 30 E Lichen Island 69 20 S 75 32 E Portal Mountain 78 07 S 159 15 E Lied Bluff 68 31 S 78 16 E Posadowsky Bay 66 47 5 89 27 E Liszt, Mount 71 27 S 72 57 W Prince Charles Lookout, The 68 36 S 77 57 E mountains 72 00 S 67 00 E Lully Foothills 70 44 5 70 02 W Puccini Spur 69 53 5 70 50 W Macey, Mount 69 52 5 65 18 E Purcell Snowfield 70 29 S 69 55 W Macklin, Mount 69 57 S 64 36 E Pythagoras Peak 66 59 S 51 20 E Magga Peak 69 10 S 157 07 E Raggatt Mountains 67 42 S 49 00 E Maguire, Mount 74 01 S 66 55 E Ragged Peaks 66 58 5 51 00 E Mahler Spur 69 48 S 70 52 W Ravel Peak 69 45 S 71 17 W Manning Nunataks 71 00 S 71 10 E Rayner Glacier 67 40 5 48 25 E Martyn, Mount 69 23 S 157 18 E Recluse Nunatak 70 18 5 70 32 W Mather, Mount 73 34 S 61 00 E Reference Peak 67 15 5 50 30 E Mawson Escarpment 72 50 S 68 10 E Reynolds Peak 69 16 5 157 02 E Mawson Peninsula 68 25 S 154 00 E Richardson Lakes 66 45 S 50 38 E McLeod Nunataks 67 29 5 52 42 E Riddell Nunataks 69 54 5 64 20 E McNair Nunatak 67 53 5 63 26 E Ring Rock 67 39 S 62 45 E

25 Rossini Point 72°27 5, 720 39 W Stinear Nunataks 69°42S, 64°30E Rouen Mountains 69 13 S 70 50 W Storegutt, Mount 66 53 S 55 28 E Rubin, Mount 73 25 S 65 40 E Storer, Mount 66 53 S 51 00 E Russell Nunataic 67 48 5 63 20 E Strauss, Mount 71 32 S 73 11 W Russian Gap 69 11 5 71 13 W Sullivan Glacier 69 42 S 70 45 W Rymill, Mount 73 03 S 65 50 E Summers Peak 69 42 5 64 53 E Safety Island 67 31 S 63 54 E Tchaikovsky, Mount 71 14 5 73 31 W Saint George Peak 69 06 S 72 03 W Thompson Peak 69 20 S 157 45 E Scarlatti Peak 71 15 5 70 26 W Thyer Glacier 67 45 S 48 45 E Schubert Inlet 70 52 5 70 55 W Titania Peak 71 32 S 69 25 W Schumann, Mount 71 35 S 73 38 W Tonagh Island 67 07 S 50 20 E Schwartz Range 67 08 S 55 40 E Trost Peak 67 52 S 62 50 E Scylla Glacier 70 21 S 67 00 E Tryne Crossing 68 30 S 78 18 E Seddon, Mount 73 06 S 65 00 B Tufts Pass 69 25 S 70 35 W Seven, Peak 69 41 S 64 42 E Twigg, Mount 74 17 S 68 00 E Shaw, Mount 69 57 S 64 31 E Umber Island 69 13 S 72 00 W Shaw Massif 72 00 S 66 55 E Unbriel, Mount 71 36 5 68 53 W Sibelius Glacier 69 55 S 70 05 W Van Hulssen Island 67 33 5 62 44 E Simpson Peak 67 44 S 50 10 E Verdi Inlet 71 30 S 75 00 W Skelton Nv 78 20 S 160 00 E Vivaldi Gap 70 40 S 70 20 W Smith Lake 66 07 S 101 17 E Vostok, Cape 69 07 S 72 10 W Smith Peaks 67 56 S 62 30 E Wagner Ice Piedmont 69 28 S 72 38 W Snick Pass 70 41 S 69 25 W Weber Inlet 71 50 S 72 55 W Staccato Peaks 71 47 S 70 39 W White Island 66 43 5 48 31 E Starlight, Mount 70 12 S 64 30 E Wilbye, Mount 69 25 S 71 37 W Stellar Crests 71 05 S 69 15 W Willing, Mount 71 45 S 66 47 E Stinear, Mount 73 04 S 66 29 E Witches Cauldron 69 56 5 69 49 W

NAMES AMENDED

Alexander Island (formerly Alexander I Island) 71°00S, 70000W Algae Lake (formerly Algae Inlet) 66 18 S 100 51 E Booth Peninsula (formerly Booth Ridge) 66 06 5 101 13 E Colbert Mountains (formerly Colbert Range) 70 35 S 70 35 W Countess Peninsula (formerly Countess Ridge) 66 09 5 101 14 E Dieglman Island (formerly Dieglman Islets) 66 00 S 100 46 E Foster Island (formerly Foster Islet) 66 04 S 100 16 E Lambert Glacier (formerly Baker Three Glacier) 71 00 S 70 00 E Marion Nunataks (formerly Marion, Mount) 69 33 S 75 06 W Perce Point (formerly Perce, Cape) 72 04 S 74 17 W Wilkins Sound (formerly Wilkins Strait) 70 15 S 73 00 W

NAMES VACATED

1 Draves Island 66 0 06S, 101 0 08E Smith Ridge 66 0 08 S, 101016E 1thaupt Island 66 03 S 10044E

26 NEW MAP OF ANTARCTICA

The Aeronautical Chart and Information Center, United States Air Force, has generously made available to the Bulletin copies of a special printing of a new edition of General Navigation and Planning Chart 26 (GNC-26), "Antarctica." This chart will greatly assist readers in following the extensive operations planned for the coming year.

GNC-26 is published at a scale of 1:5,000,000 and is one of a series covering the world. The latest available information has been incorporated, including data needed for planning air missions. For example, new Belgian and Japanese surveys have been utilized to delin- eate the shoreline in the vicinity of Roi Baudouin and Showa Stations, respectively. The Sentinel Range in Marie Byrd Land has been redrawn using unpublished compilations of the United States Geological Survey. All available foreign and domestic maps and charts have been drawn upon to present the most accurate and up-to-date chart possible.

A shaded relief technique has been used to give an impression of the relief of the continent from the dark, rugged mountain areas to the lightly shaded areas of the relatively flat and featureless polar plateau. Form lines have been superimposed over the shading to give the tattern of surface topography in more detail.

New symbols have been introduced to portray more clearly glaciers and disturbed ice and crevasse areas. A stipple pattern around the continent shows the approximate limits of sea-ice at the period of maximum extent in September, while a fine blue line indicates the minimum coverage in March.

Stations and refuges occupied either at present or in recent years are shown in red. Where the statioiL is, or has been, an important center for scientific research or logistical support, it is named, along with the country or countries that have occupied it. Smaller outposts are shown as "refuges."

For more detailed coverage, the reader is referred to the World Aeronautical Charts series, also published by the United States Air Force at a scale of 1:1,000,000. Small ticks (e.g., 2146) at appropri- ate positions locate these charts.

This printing of GNC-26 differs from that regularly issued by the Aeronautical Chart and Information Center by the , elimination of naviga- tional grid and magnetic declination lines. Requests for copies of this standard issue should be addressed to:

27 Cc.nder USAF Aeronautical Chart and Information Center 2d & Arsenal Streets St. Louis 18, Missouri

The Aeronautical Chart and Information Center also invites comments from Bulletin readers that will be of use in preparing future editions. Additional copies of the special printing of GNC-26 are available from the United States Antarctic Projects Office.

PHILATELIC MAIL

The Department of Defense on 21 August 1961 (Press Release No. 841- 61) announced regulations for the acceptance of philatelic mail to be postmarked at United States Antarctic stations and on board certain ships participating in Operation DEEP FREEZE 62. Among the stations, only Amundsen-Soott South Pole and Byrd have postal facilities. Only one cover may be submitted to each station and no more than three to each participating ship. All covers must have United States postage affixed or be accompanied by an International Reply Coupon.

For those desiring covers from the stations, two addressed covers should be placed in an envelope and sent to:

DEEP FREEZE Philatelic Mail U.S. Naval Construction Battalion Center, Davisville East Greenwich, Rhode Island

They should be posted so as to reach East Greenwich by 15 October 1961. They will probably be returned between October 1962 and April 1963.

Unfortunately for readers of the Bulletin, all but two of the participating ships will have sailed before this issue reaches their hands. The rules for addressing the covers and affixing postage are the same. They should be sent to:

DEEP FREEZE Philatelic Mail (name of the Ship) (Fleet Post Office address)

The two ships,. which can still be reached, and their respective cut-. off dates for the acceptance of philatelic mail, are:

28 LJSS ATK.A (AGB-3) FPO, New York, N.Y. 23 October 1961 uss ARM (AKA-. 56) FPO, New York, N.Y. 1 November 1961

Postal clerks have been instructed to return unpostinarked any covers that do not comply with these regulations.