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Miocene Marine Mollusks from the Astoria Formation in Oregon

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Miocene Marine Mollusks from the Astoria Formation in Oregon Miocene Marine Mollusks from the Astoria Formation in Oregon GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 419 Miocene Marine Mollusks from the Astoria Formation in Oregon By ELLEN JAMES MOORE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 419 Systematics and relationships of t^he mollusks of the Astoria formation in Oregon: £>/ species representing 45 families are described; 11 species are new UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1963 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C., 20402 CONTENTS Page Description of species Continued Abstraet___ _____________________ _____-____________:. 1 Mollusks Continued Introduction- ______________________________________ 1 Gastropods Continued Page Historical background.__________________________ 1 Family Nassariidae 38 Conrad's types _____________________________ 2 Family Fusinidae _______ 39 Purpose and scope ______________________________ 4 Family Volutidae _______ 42 Acknowledgments. _ _____________________________ 5 Family Caneellariidae 44 Annotated list of reports dealing with the Astoria Family Olividae________ 46 formation and its fossils _______________________ 5 Family Turridae_______ . 46 Astoria formation.__________________________________ 10 Family Seaphandridae... 49 Stratigraphy ___________________________________ 10 Family Aeteoeinidae 50 General features and geographic distribution. __ 10 Seaphopods ________________ 50 Type area.._______________________________ 10 Family Dentaliidae 50 Coastal outcrop area________________________ 12 Peleeypods_ ._________--_--_ 51 Coos Bay dredgings_________________________ 13 Family Solemyaeidae__ 51 Occurrences in Washington. _________________ 15 Family Nueulidae_-__--- 52 Paleontology._ _________________________________ 16 Family Nueulanidae. _ __ 55 Faunal composition _________________________ 16 Family Glyeymerididae.. 58 Paleoeeology ___________________________________ 17 Family Areidae_________ 59 Age and correlation.__________ __________________ 20 Family Limopsidae 61 California..--__------_---_______________-__ 20 Family Mytilidae_______ 62 Washington.._ _____________________________ 22 Family Peetinidae ______ 63 Kamchatka ________________________________ 22 Family Propeamussiidae. 68 Japan.____________________________________ 22 Family Carditidae ______ 69 Description of species_--___-_-_-_-_____.____________ 23 Family Lueinidae_______ 70 Mollusks ______________________________________ 23 Family Diplodontidae___ 71 Gastropods ________________________________ 23 Family Thyasiridae 71 Family Troehidae_______________________ 23 Family Cardiidae_--_--_ 72 Family Turbinidae______________________ 24 Family Veneridae_______ 73 Family Vitrinellidae_____________________ 24 Family Tellinidae_______ 78 Family Turritellidae____________________ 25 Family Sanguinolariidae_ 81 Family Epitoniidae_____________________ 25 Family Solenidae _______ 82 Family Calyptraeidae___________________ 26 Family Maetridae______ 82 Family Natieidae_______________________ 27 Family Hiatellidae_--__- 83 Family Cassididae______________________ 30 Family Thraeiidae ______ 84 Family Cymatiidae_____________________ 31 Cephalopod_ _ ______________ 85 Family Fieidae_________________________ 32 Family Nautilidae ______ 85 Family Murieidae_____________________ 33 Fossils other than mollusks ______ 86 Family Thaidiidae______________________ 35 Fossil localities_____________---_--__ 90 Family Neptuneidae____________________ 35 References cited____________-_-_--__ 95 Family Bueeinidae._____________________ 37 Index_ _____________----_---------_ 101 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates follow index] PLATES 1-10. Gastropods. Page 11-30. Peleeypods. FIGURE 1. Index to geologic maps of western Oregon. 3 31 Peleeypods, seaphopods, and eephalopod. 2. Map of Astoria, Oreg., showing fossil- 32 Bryozoa, brachiopods, coral, and eehinoids. collecting localities ___________________ 11 33. Outline map of Newport area, Oregon, with meas­ 3. Generalized geologic map of Coos Bay, ured sections and fossil localities_____In pocket 13 in IV CONTENTS Page Page FIGURE 4, 5. Collecting locality on dredgings, Coos Bay, FIGURE 8. Whorl profiles of Priscofusus discussed in Oreg_________-____-__--__..._____ 14, 15 present report _______________________ 40 6. Beds of Astoria formation exposed in head­ 9. Outline map showing location of quad­ land north of Wade Creek, Newport rangles pertinent to locality descrip­ area, Oregon. _____________________ 18 tions _______________________________ 90 7. Closeup of barren marker and Anadara layer shown ,n figure 6________________ 18 TABLES Page Page TABLE 1. Stratigraphic names and age assigned to TABLE 3. Geographic distribution of Foraminifera in Astoria formation from 1848 to 1931__ 7 the Astoria formation ________________ 87 2. Geographic distribution of mollusks in the Astoria formation. _________________ In pocket MIOCENE MARINE MOLLUSKS FROM THE ASTORIA FORMATION IN OREGON By ELLEN JAMES MOORE ABSTRACT Sciences of Philadelphia (Thwaites, 1905, p. 14-15). The marine Astoria formation of Miocene age occurs in western J. D. Dana collected additional fossils from Astoria in Oregon. Fossiliferous exposures are limited almost entirely to 1841, when he was with the U.S. Exploring Expedition the sea cliffs along the Pacific Ocean in Tillamook and Lincoln under the command of Capt. Charles Wilkes. His Counties. The Astoria rocks are intermittently exposed; they specimens also were described and illustrated by Conrad are faulted and exposures are interrupted by volcanic rocks and slides. The maximum thickness of beds exposed in an uninter­ (1849, p. 659, append, p. 723-728, atlas, pis. 17-21). rupted section is about 250 feet. No specific localities are given for the specimens in The type area of the Astoria formation is in the city of Astoria, these two collections. but most of the former exposures are now covered by the build­ The following information given by Dana (1849, p. ings of the city and by sand dredged from the Columbia River. 722, 729), in the section he wrote on systematic pale­ J. K. Townsend made the first recorded collection of Cenozoic fossils from the Pacific coast of North America from the type ontology, is all the locality data available for his Astoria Astoria, and 14 species from his collection were described by collection. In describing vertebrate remains, Dana T. A. Conrad in 1848. J. D. Dana collected fossils at the trad­ (1849, p. 722) says that in some places they were found ing post of Astoria and along the south bank of the Columbia in the argillaceous sandstone of Astoria on the south side River in 1841, while he was with the U.S. Exploring Expedition. of the Columbia Eiver, about 13 miles above its mouth The mollusks in this collection were described by Conrad in 1849 and are on deposit in the U.S. National Museum. The and could be picked up along the shores of the river. types of the Astoria species described by Conrad are here Dana describes a crustacean that he says was found in redescribed and illustrated. the calcareous concretions of the argillaceous rock near Faunas were collected from measured stratigraphic sections Astoria (1849, p. 722) and a fossil plant that he says of the Astoria formation in the Newport area. In these faunas occurred in a limestone nodule like most of the speci­ the concentrations or repeated associations of particular species may aid correlations within the Astoria formation over small mens (1849, p. 729). He also mentions Foraminifera areas, but they do not seem to be useful for wider correlations. which he says were found in the soft argillaceous shale A new Miocene fauna from Coos Bay, Oreg., was obtained on the shores below Astoria (1849, p. 729). This between 1949 and 1954 from the spoil pile of a dredging oper­ information indicates that the Dana Astoria collec­ ation in the bay. Miocene sedimentary rocks are not exposed in the Coos Bay region, and this is the first record of a Miocene tion came from places near and within the old city fauna to be obtained there. This fauna is probably the age limits of Astoria from rocks exposed in the south bank equivalent of the Astoria fauna in the Newport area and at of the Columbia Eiver. Astoria. Though Conrad originally assigned the fossils from Ninety-seven species of Miocene mollusks representing 73 Astoria to the Miocene, in 1865 he correlated the Astoria genera and 45 families are described. Forty-seven of these species are also known from the Astoria (?) formation in Wash­ formation with the London Clay (1865b, p. 70) and ington and 20 from the equivalent Barker's Ranch fauna of referred the entire fauna that had been collected from the Temblor formation, middle Miocene, in California. The the formation to the Eocene (1865a, p. 150). He was biologic affinities of the Astoria species previously - described acting on the basis of his identification of Aturia angus- are reconsidered. tata as Aturia ziczac an identification which is under­ INTRODUCTION stood when the knowledge of this group in Conrad's time and its innate complexity are considered. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Conrad's referral of the Astoria to the Eocene started The first Tertiary fossils to be described from the a great deal of confusion as to the age of the formation Pacific coast of North America were collected by J. K. and of its correlatives, and also of the relative ages of Townsend sometime between 1834 and 1837 (Town- other formations
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