DOCSLIB.ORG

Country Advice

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Country Advice Country Advice Uganda Uganda – UGA38734 – Political system – Tribal kingdoms – Kabaka – Ethnic clubs – Kampala riots – Discrimination – Blacklists – Dowries 31 May 2011 1. Please provide a map of Uganda and an indication of the locations of and distances between the capital Kampala, Masaka, the River Sezibwa and the Kayunga District. Map 11 shows the locations and approximate distances between Masaka and Kampala, as well as Kampala and Kayunga. Also shown is the Sezibwa River, which runs in a northerly direction from Lake Victoria to Lake Kyoga. Map 22 places these locations in context within a map of Uganda. Map 1 1 „Masaka Kampala Kayunga Sezibwa Uganda Zoom‟ 2005, University of Texas Libraries http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/uganda_rel_2005.jpg – Accessed 17 May 2011 – Attachment 1 2 „Masaka Kampala Kayunga Uganda‟ 2005, University of Texas Libraries http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/uganda_rel_2005.jpg – Accessed 17 May 2011 – Attachment 2 Page 1 of 14 Map 2 2. Please provide a brief background of the political, legal and civil systems and the relationship of the Ugandan government to the kingdoms of Uganda. The arrival of Arab traders into Uganda‟s interior in the 1830s revealed several African kingdoms with well-developed political institutions dating back several centuries. These traders were followed in the 1860s by British explorers, and in the 1870s by Protestant and Page 2 of 14 Catholic missionaries.3 Uganda became a British protectorate in 1894, achieved internal self- government in March 1962, and gained full independence within the Commonwealth in October of the same year. Buganda and three other tribal kingdoms were granted semi- autonomous rule within a federal system, and Buganda‟s kabaka (king) was elected Ugandan president in October 1963. The president was deposed in February 1966 by then Prime Minister Apollo Milton Obote, over the perceived issue of national unity versus Bugandan particularism. A constitution removing Buganda‟s autonomous status was ratified in April of that year, and when adopted in September 1967, the new republican constitution eliminated the special status of Buganda and the other kingdoms. Obote himself was overthrown in January 1971 while attending a Commonwealth meeting overseas. He was replaced by Major General Idi Amin, commander in chief of the army and air force, who suspended parts of the constitution, dissolved the National Assembly, and installed himself as president.4 In the wake of worldwide condemnation for atrocities against perceived opponents, the Amin regime was removed in an invasion by Tanzanian troops and exiled forces in April 1979. Former president Obote returned to Uganda in May 1980, and following disputed elections in December of that year, Obote regained his previous position as president. Former president Yusuf Lule, of the Uganda Patriotic Movement (UPM), refused to accept the one seat the party had won. Lule formed the National Resistance Movement (NRM) and affiliated National Resistance Army (NRA), and commenced a guerrilla campaign against Obote. Over the next five years, the NRA maintained strategic territory north of Kampala, as well as its traditional stronghold in the Banyankore-dominated southwest. Obote was again deposed in July 1985, and was replaced by a Military Council, which was ultimately overthrown by the NRA six months later, installing Yoweri Musevini as president.5 On coming to power in 1986, the NRM introduced „no-party‟ democracy, under which only one political organisation, the NRM, was recognised. Under the constitution of 1995, a unicameral parliament is the source of legislative power, with 276 members, 214 of whom are elected and 62 appointed. Executive power is held by the president, who is directly elected for a five-year term. In 1995, the government established a legal system based on both customary law and British common law; there is a court of appeal and a high court, both with judges appointed by the president.6 In July 2005, a referendum resulted in the adoption of a multiparty system of government, while in September of that year, the parliament altered the constitution to remove term limits for the president, enabling Musevini to contest the 2006 elections. Musevini again retained power in elections held in February 2011.7 The Ugandan government‟s recent relationship with the country‟s kingdoms has been one largely of political convenience. After taking power, Museveni started negotiating with Baganda to restore its kabaka, which was thought to be political repayment for the Baganda people‟s support for the NRA in the early 1980s. In July 1993, Ronald Mutebi was crowned kabaka, though the role was described as „purely ceremonial‟. This was followed by pro forma recognition for the coronation of Patrick Kaboyo as monarch of the Toro kingdom, as 3 US Department of State 2011, „Background Note: Uganda‟, 2 March http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2963.htm – Accessed 18 May 2011 – Attachment 3 4 „Uganda‟ 2010, CQ Press Electronic Library, Political Handbook of the World Online Edition http://library.cqpress.com/phw/phw2010_Uganda – Accessed 4 June 2010 – Attachment 4 5 „Uganda‟ 2010, CQ Press Electronic Library, Political Handbook of the World Online Edition http://library.cqpress.com/phw/phw2010_Uganda – Accessed 4 June 2010 – Attachment 4 6 Culture of Uganda‟ (Undated), Every Culture website http://www.everyculture.com/To-Z/Uganda.html – Accessed 18 May 2011 – Attachment 5 7 US Department of State 2011, „Background Note: Uganda‟, 2 March http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2963.htm – Accessed 18 May 2011 – Attachment 3 Page 3 of 14 well as the coronation of the Bunyoro tribe‟s Solon Gafabusa. In 1996, Henry Muloki was reinstalled as the Basoga‟s kyabazinga (king) at a ceremony attended by Museveni.8 While the constitution prevents cultural leaders from participating in politics, they continue to wield influence over their respective communities.9 3. Please advise how many ethnic groups there are in Uganda and the names of the dominant ethnic groups. Can you give a description of the importance of the cultural leader, the Kabaka, to the Ugandan people and/ or Buganda people? According to the Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook 2011, the major ethnic groups in Uganda include: Baganda, 16.9%; Banyakole, 9.5%; Basoga, 8.4%; Bakiga, 6.9%; Iteso, 6.4%; Langi, 6.1%; Acholi, 4.7%; Bagisu, 4.6%; Lugbara, 4.2%; Bunyoro, 2.7%; and others totalling 29.6%.10 In the wake of the September 2009 Kampala riots (please refer to the response for Question 5), IRIN provided the following background information on some of the main kingdoms in Uganda. Baganda: the largest and most politically powerful ethnic community in Uganda, with an estimated five million people. During the colonial period, the British rewarded the kingdom for its collaboration by giving it territories belonging to the kingdom of Bunyoro. Buganda is located in the central region by Lake Victoria. Uganda‟s capital, Kampala, is also home to Mengo, the seat of the kabaka (king). Bunyoro: located in western Uganda next to Lake Albert, there are an estimated 700,000 people in the kingdom. Claiming to be the oldest East African kingdom, the Bunyoro opposed colonisation, which resulted in the loss of some of its territory. Ruled by an omukama, it is historically one of the most militarily powerful kingdoms, and possesses much of Uganda‟s recently discovered oil. Acholi: this northern Ugandan kingdom was traditionally organised into groups of clans ruled by a rwot, or paramount chief. An estimated two million Acholi have been displaced due to two decades of war between the government and separatist group the Lord‟s Resistance Army (LRA). The kingdom currently uses traditional Acholi justice mechanisms, such as mato oput, where an offender confesses to his crime and is absolved in the interests of peace and reconciliation. Busoga: one of Uganda‟s oldest kingdoms, Busoga is located on the eastern shore of Lake Victoria. An estimated two million subjects are ruled by a kyabazinga. Toro: formerly part of Bunyoro, the Toro kingdom has about 800,000 subjects, and is ruled by an omukama. The kingdom has close ties with Libyan leader Muammar Ghaddafi, who was made defender of the Toro kingdom in 2001. 8 „Uganda‟ 2010, CQ Press Electronic Library, Political Handbook of the World Online Edition http://library.cqpress.com/phw/phw2010_Uganda – Accessed 4 June 2010 – Attachment 4 9 Human Rights Watch 2009, Uganda: Investigate Use of Lethal Force During Riots, 1 October http://www.hrw.org/en/news/2009/10/01/uganda-troops-killed-unarmed-people-riot-period?tr=y&auid=5408929 – Accessed 5 October 2009 – Attachment 6 10 CIA World Factbook 2011, Uganda, 28 April https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world- factbook/geos/ug.html – Accessed 18 May 2011 – Attachment 7 Page 4 of 14 Banyankore (aka Banyankole): located in south western Uganda, the Banyankore are ruled by an omugabe. The population of 2.3 million consists of two groups, the pastoralist Bahima minority, and the agriculturalist Bairu majority.11 According to the official Buganda Kingdom website, the kabaka is respected by all of the people in the kingdom, regardless of traditional tribal affiliations. The kabaka is the ostensible head of Buganda with both administrative and cultural duties, and as the head of a centralised system of governance, has absolute power. Over time, kabakas have delegated power to others, such as Prime Ministers, Cabinet, and county and village Chiefs.12 The Baganda people have been referred to as the „King‟s Men‟, due to the significance of the role of the kabaka in their political, social and cultural institutions. Before the abolition of Uganda‟s kingdoms in 1967, the Baganda were organised into a centralised, bureaucratised kingdom. Following the 1993 reinstatement of the kabakaship, however, the kabaka has only symbolic, ritual functions, with no real political power.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Buikwe District Economic Profile
    BUIKWE DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT P.O.BOX 3, LUGAZI District LED Profile A. Map of Buikwe District Showing LLGs N 1 B. Background 1.1 Location and Size Buikwe District lies in the Central region of Uganda, sharing borders with the District of Jinja in the East, Kayunga along river Sezibwa in the North, Mukono in the West, and Buvuma in Lake Victoria. The District Headquarters is in BUIKWE Town, situated along Kampala - Jinja road (11kms off Lugazi). Buikwe Town serves as an Administrative and commercial centre. Other urban centers include Lugazi, Njeru and Nkokonjeru Town Councils. Buikwe District has a total area of about 1209 Square Kilometres of which land area is 1209 square km. 1.2 Historical Background Buikwe District is one of the 28 districts of Uganda that were created under the local Government Act 1 of 1997. By the act of parliament, the district was inniatially one of the Counties of Mukono district but later declared an independent district in July 2009. The current Buikwe district consists of One County which is divided into three constituencies namely Buikwe North, Buikwe South and Buikwe West. It conatins 8 sub counties and 4 Town councils. 1.3 Geographical Features Topography The northern part of the district is flat but the southern region consists of sloping land with great many undulations; 75% of the land is less than 60o in slope. Most of Buikwe District lies on a high plateau (1000-1300) above sea level with some areas along Sezibwa River below 760m above sea level, Southern Buikwe is a raised plateau (1220-2440m) drained by River Sezibwa and River Musamya.
    [Show full text]
  • October 21 2017 Thesis New Changes Tracked
    The Status, Rights and Treatment of Persons with Disabilities within Customary Legal Frameworks in Uganda: A Study of Mukono District By David Brian Dennison BA (honours), MBA, JD (cum laude) (University of Georgia, USA) Thesis Presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Private TownLaw Faculty of Law UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN Cape of Date of submission: 31 October 2017 Supervisor: Professor Chuma Himonga University Department of Private Law University of Cape Town The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derivedTown from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes Capeonly. of Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University The copyright for this thesis rests with the University of Cape Town. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgment of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non-commercial research purposes only. "ii ABSTRACT Thesis Title: The Status, Rights and Treatment of Persons with Disabilities within Customary Legal Frameworks in Uganda: A Study of Mukono District Submitted by: David Brian Dennison on 31 October 2017 This thesis addresses the question: How do customary legal frameworks impact the status, rights and treatment of persons with disabilities? It is motivated by two underlying premises. First, customary legal frameworks are highly consequential in Sub-Saharan contexts.
    [Show full text]
  • Working Paper No. 141 PRE-COLONIAL POLITICAL
    Working Paper No. 141 PRE-COLONIAL POLITICAL CENTRALIZATION AND CONTEMPORARY DEVELOPMENT IN UGANDA by Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay and Elliott Green AFROBAROMETER WORKING PAPERS Working Paper No. 141 PRE-COLONIAL POLITICAL CENTRALIZATION AND CONTEMPORARY DEVELOPMENT IN UGANDA by Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay and Elliott Green November 2012 Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay is Lecturer in Economics, School of Business and Management, Queen Mary, University of London. Email: [email protected] Elliott Green is Lecturer in Development Studies, Department of International Development, London School of Economics. Email: [email protected] Copyright Afrobarometer i AFROBAROMETER WORKING PAPERS Editor Michael Bratton Editorial Board E. Gyimah-Boadi Carolyn Logan Robert Mattes Leonard Wantchekon Afrobarometer publications report the results of national sample surveys on the attitudes of citizens in selected African countries towards democracy, markets, civil society, and other aspects of development. The Afrobarometer is a collaborative enterprise of the Centre for Democratic Development (CDD, Ghana), the Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA), and the Institute for Empirical Research in Political Economy (IREEP) with support from Michigan State University (MSU) and the University of Cape Town, Center of Social Science Research (UCT/CSSR). Afrobarometer papers are simultaneously co-published by these partner institutions and the Globalbarometer. Working Papers and Briefings Papers can be downloaded in Adobe Acrobat format from www.afrobarometer.org. Idasa co-published with: Copyright Afrobarometer ii ABSTRACT The effects of pre-colonial history on contemporary African development have become an important field of study within development economics in recent years. In particular (Gennaioli & Rainer, 2007) suggest that pre-colonial political centralization has had a positive impact on contemporary levels of development within Africa at the country level.
    [Show full text]
  • Papers of Beatrice Mary Blackwood (1889–1975) Pitt Rivers Museum, University of Oxford
    PAPERS OF BEATRICE MARY BLACKWOOD (1889–1975) PITT RIVERS MUSEUM, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Compiled by B. Asbury and M. Peckett, 2013-15 Box 1 Correspondence A-D Envelope A (Box 1) 1. Letter from TH Ainsworth of the City Museum, Vancouver, Canada, to Beatrice Blackwood, 20 May 1955. Summary: Acknowledging receipt of the Pitt Rivers Report for 1954. “The Museum as an institution seems beset with more difficulties than any other.” Giving details of the developing organisation of the Vancouver Museum and its index card system. Asking for a copy of Mr Bradford’s BBC talk on the “Lost Continent of Atlantis”. Notification that Mr Menzies’ health has meant he cannot return to work at the Museum. 2pp. 2. Letter from TH Ainsworth of the City Museum, Vancouver, Canada, to Beatrice Blackwood, 20 July 1955. Summary: Thanks for the “Lost Continent of Atlantis” information. The two Museums have similar indexing problems. Excavations have been resumed at the Great Fraser Midden at Marpole under Dr Borden, who has dated the site to 50 AD using Carbon-14 samples. 2pp. 3. Letter from TH Ainsworth of the City Museum, Vancouver, Canada, to Beatrice Blackwood, 12 June 1957. Summary: Acknowledging the Pitt Rivers Museum Annual Report. News of Mr Menzies and his health. The Vancouver Museum is expanding into enlarged premises. “Until now, the City Museum has truly been a cultural orphan.” 1pp. 4. Letter from TH Ainsworth of the City Museum, Vancouver, Canada, to Beatrice Blackwood, 16 June 1959. Summary: Acknowledging the Pitt Rivers Museum Annual Report. News of Vancouver Museum developments.
    [Show full text]
  • Monday, 26 July 2021
    PARLIAMENT OF UGANDA Monday, 26 July 2021 Parliament met at 10.13 a.m. in Parliament House, Kampala PRAYERS (The Deputy Speaker, Ms Anita Among, in the Chair.) COMMUNICATION FROM THE CHAIR THE DEPUTY SPEAKER: Honourable members, I welcome you to today’s special sitting whose main objective is to elect a Member of the East African Legislative Assembly to replace hon. Mathias Kasamba who passed on. This election is aimed at filling that vacancy that was created when the representative passed away on 27 April 2021. The late hon. Mathias Kasamba had previously been elected to EALA on 28 February 2017 on the NRM ticket. Pursuant to section 8 (1) of the East African Legislative Assembly Elections Act, 2011, the Speaker of EALA notified the Parliament of Uganda on 18 May 2021 of the vacancy at EALA. On 4 June 2021, during the sitting to receive the State-of-the-Nation Address by His Excellency the President, the Speaker of Parliament formally notified the House of the existence of the vacancy in Uganda’s representation to EALA, and guided that the vacancy had to be filled within 90 days of nomination as required by the EALA Elections Act, 2011. In the same line, he instructed the Clerk to Parliament to initiate the process of filling the vacancy. The Clerk to Parliament, on 19 July 2021, appointed two nomination days, namely 21 and 22 July 2021. Further, in line with paragraph 3 of Appendix B of the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament of Uganda, on 19 July 2021 the Clerk to Parliament, through general notice No.
    [Show full text]
  • Phone-Tapping and the Right to Privacy [Ronald Kakungulu]
    Phone-tapping & the Right to Privacy: A Comparison of the Right to Privacy in Communication in Uganda & Canada R. Kakungulu-Mayambala * Email: [email protected] Table of Contents List of Acronyms................................................................................................2 Abstract ............................................................................................................2 Key Definitions ..................................................................................................3 I. Introduction...................................................................................................4 II. Historical and Legal Conceptions of the Right to Privacy in Uganda. .................5 2.1 History of Phone tapping and Surveillance in Uganda..................................5 III Elemental aspects of the right to privacy in communication in Uganda 1995 - 2008.................................................................................................................7 3.1 The Rationale for the right to privacy in communication..............................7 3.2 Enjoyment of the right to privacy in Uganda for the period 1995 – 2008....9 IV. The Right to Privacy in Communication in Canada and lessons for Uganda.....17 4.1. The Experiences with and approaches to the Right to Privacy in Communication in Canada ............................................................................17 4.2. The Right to Privacy in Communication in Canada and Lessons for Uganda ...................................................................................................................19
    [Show full text]
  • Human Rights Violations
    dysfunctional nature of the system they inherited and maintained. Ad- mittedly, theirs is a peculiar "au- tonomous"behaviour which contrib- utes to gross violations of rights and the socio-economic and political de- cay of the state. Another factor that sustains the culture of crises is ex- ternal to the country. Firstly, a HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS number of governments, democratic and authoritarian, in the South and North, have directly and indirectly supported dictatorial regimes in the country. Through economic, diplo- matic and military assistance the wheel ofviolence and dictatorship is serviced. Secondly, by treating the crises as essentially internal affairs In the past three decades since sequence off tends to change other of the sovereign state, the interna- Uganda gained independence from qualities of life so that from a number tional community has done little to Britain, the country has experienced of different starting points, follow- avert violations of rights. Finally, some of the worst human catastro- ing different trajectories of change, by maintaining the unjust and ex- phes in modern times -gross viola- comparable results may ensue. This ploitative international economic tions of human rights, amounting to view seems to hold true for all the system which violates the right to genocide and generating millions of questions posited. Nonetheless, on development, the international com- refugees and internally displaced the balance of the evidence, this munity directly violates the rights persons; state sponsored terrorism, paper contends that while the ori- of Ugandans. dictatorship, nepotism, corruption, gins of violations of rights in Uganda The point is, the economic under- ethnicity, civil wars, famine; total lie in a blend of factors, colonialism development of the country, which collapse of the economy; the disinte- and its lopsided socio-economic and is a result of both internal and ex- gration and demise of the state.
    [Show full text]
  • Disclosing Cultural Narrative and Identity Through Art Practices in Uganda Maria Palmo
    The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center Doctoral Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects 2010 The ra tistic process in community development : disclosing cultural narrative and identity through art practices in Uganda Maria Palmo Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.usfca.edu/diss Recommended Citation Palmo, Maria, "The ra tistic process in community development : disclosing cultural narrative and identity through art practices in Uganda" (2010). Doctoral Dissertations. 377. https://repository.usfca.edu/diss/377 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects at USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The University of San Francisco THE ARTISTIC PROCESS IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT: DISCLOSING CULTURAL NARRATIVE AND IDENTITY THROUGH ART PRACTICES IN UGANDA A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the School of Education Leadership Studies Department Organization and Leadership Program In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Education by Maria Palmo San Francisco Spring 2010 THE UNIVERSITY OF SAN FRANCISCO Dissertation Abstract The Artistic Process in Community Development: Disclosing Cultural Narrative and Identity Through Art Practices in Uganda This research studies the use of art as a transformative medium for community development in contemporary Uganda. The focus of this research is on the creative process of art practices and how these processes may raise development issues to the level of discourse.
    [Show full text]
  • Uganda Country Office Yusuf Lule Road, P.O.Box 7184
    “A FINAL EVALUATION FOR THE PROJECT PROMOTING CIVIC AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION OF YOUTH AND WOMEN IN THE INFORMAL SECTOR” UNDEF-FUNDED PROJECT (00074299) Final Report United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Uganda Country Office Yusuf Lule Road, P.O.Box 7184 Consultant(s): Bharam Namanya Gorretti M.Kiiza Co- Consultant August 2013 i Contents Contents ...................................................................................................................................................................... i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.............................................................................................................................................. iii List of Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................................ iv Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................................... v Chapter One: Background to the Evaluation .............................................................................................................. 2 1.0 Introduction: ................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Background Information ................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2 Platform for Labour Action (PLA) ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mukono Town Council
    MUKONO TOWN COUNCIL Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Env ironmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Waste Composting Plant and Landfill in Katikolo Village, Mukono Town Council Prepared By: Enviro-Impact and Management Consults Total Deluxe House, 1ST Floor, Plot 29/33, Jinja Road Public Disclosure Authorized P.O. Box 70360 Kampala, Tel: 41-345964, 31-263096, Fax: 41-341543 E-mail: [email protected] Web Site: www.enviro-impact.co.ug September 2006 Mukono Town Council PREPARERS OF THIS REPORT ENVIRO-IMPACT and MANAGEMENT CONSULTS was contracted by Mukono Town Council to undertake the Environmental impact Assessment study of the proposed Katikolo Waste Composting Plant and Landfill, and prepare this EIS on their behalf. Below is the description of the lead consultants who undertook the study. Aryagaruka Martin BSc, MSc (Natural Resource Management) Team Leader ………………….. Otim Moses BSc, MSc (Industrial Chemistry/Environmental Systems Analysis) …………………… Wilbroad Kukundakwe BSc Industrial Chemistry …………………… EIS Katikolo Waste Site i EIMCO Environmental Consultants Mukono Town Council TABLE OF CONTENTS PREPARERS OF THIS REPORT.....................................................................I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................... VI ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .............................................................. VI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.....................................................................................VII
    [Show full text]
  • Uganda-A-Digital-Rights-View-Of-The
    echnology and in Uganda A Digital Rights View of the January 2021 General Elections Policy Brief December 2020 VOTE Technology and Elections in Uganda Introduction As Uganda heads to presidential and parliamentary elections in January 2021, digital communications have taken centre-stage and are playing a crucial role in how candidates and parties engage with citizens. The country's electoral body decreed in June 2020 that, due to social distancing required by COVID-19 standard operating procedures, no physical campaigns would take place so as to ensure a healthy and safe environment for all stakeholders.1 Further, Parliament passed the Political Parties and Organisations (Conduct of Meetings and Elections) Regulations 2020,2 which aim to safeguard public health and safety of political party activities in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and, under regulation 5, provide for holding of political meetings through virtual means. The maximum number of persons allowed to attend campaign meetings was later set at 70 and then raised to 200.3 The use of the internet and related technologies is growing steadily in Uganda with 18.9 million subscribers, or 46 internet connections for every 100 Ugandans.4 However, radio remains the most widely accessible and usable technology with a penetration of 45%, compared to television at 17%, and computers at 4%.5 For the majority of Ugandans, the internet remains out of reach, particularly in rural areas where 75.5% of Ugandans live. The current election guidelines mean that any election process that runs predominantly on the back of technology and minimal physical organising and interaction is wont to come upon considerable challenges.
    [Show full text]
  • Download/Speech%20Moreno.Pdf> Accessed September 10, 2013
    Kent Academic Repository Full text document (pdf) Citation for published version Ruhweza, Daniel Ronald (2016) Situating the Place for Traditional Justice Mechanisms in International Criminal Justice: A Critical Analysis of the implications of the Juba Peace Agreement on Reconciliation and Accountability. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) thesis, University of Kent,. DOI Link to record in KAR http://kar.kent.ac.uk/56646/ Document Version UNSPECIFIED Copyright & reuse Content in the Kent Academic Repository is made available for research purposes. Unless otherwise stated all content is protected by copyright and in the absence of an open licence (eg Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher, author or other copyright holder. Versions of research The version in the Kent Academic Repository may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check http://kar.kent.ac.uk for the status of the paper. Users should always cite the published version of record. Enquiries For any further enquiries regarding the licence status of this document, please contact: [email protected] If you believe this document infringes copyright then please contact the KAR admin team with the take-down information provided at http://kar.kent.ac.uk/contact.html Situating the Place for Traditional Justice Mechanisms in International Criminal Justice: A Critical Analysis of the implications of the Juba Peace Agreement on Reconciliation and Accountability By DANIEL RONALD RUHWEZA Supervised by Dr. Emily Haslam, Prof. Toni Williams & Prof. Wade Mansell A Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the Award of the Doctor of Philosophy in Law (International Criminal Law) at University of Kent at Canterbury April 2016 DECLARATION I declare that the thesis I have presented for examination for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of Kent at Canterbury is exclusively my own work other than where I have evidently specified that it is the work of other people.
    [Show full text]