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The Colours of the Fleet
THE COLOURS OF THE FLEET TCOF BRITISH & BRITISH DERIVED ENSIGNS ~ THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE WORLDWIDE LIST OF ALL FLAGS AND ENSIGNS, PAST AND PRESENT, WHICH BEAR THE UNION FLAG IN THE CANTON “Build up the highway clear it of stones lift up an ensign over the peoples” Isaiah 62 vv 10 Created and compiled by Malcolm Farrow OBE President of the Flag Institute Edited and updated by David Prothero 15 January 2015 © 1 CONTENTS Chapter 1 Page 3 Introduction Page 5 Definition of an Ensign Page 6 The Development of Modern Ensigns Page 10 Union Flags, Flagstaffs and Crowns Page 13 A Brief Summary Page 13 Reference Sources Page 14 Chronology Page 17 Numerical Summary of Ensigns Chapter 2 British Ensigns and Related Flags in Current Use Page 18 White Ensigns Page 25 Blue Ensigns Page 37 Red Ensigns Page 42 Sky Blue Ensigns Page 43 Ensigns of Other Colours Page 45 Old Flags in Current Use Chapter 3 Special Ensigns of Yacht Clubs and Sailing Associations Page 48 Introduction Page 50 Current Page 62 Obsolete Chapter 4 Obsolete Ensigns and Related Flags Page 68 British Isles Page 81 Commonwealth and Empire Page 112 Unidentified Flags Page 112 Hypothetical Flags Chapter 5 Exclusions. Page 114 Flags similar to Ensigns and Unofficial Ensigns Chapter 6 Proclamations Page 121 A Proclamation Amending Proclamation dated 1st January 1801 declaring what Ensign or Colours shall be borne at sea by Merchant Ships. Page 122 Proclamation dated January 1, 1801 declaring what ensign or colours shall be borne at sea by merchant ships. 2 CHAPTER 1 Introduction The Colours of The Fleet 2013 attempts to fill a gap in the constitutional and historic records of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth by seeking to list all British and British derived ensigns which have ever existed. -
Flags of the World
ATHELSTANEFORD A SOME WELL KNOWN FLAGS Birthplace of Scotland’s Flag The name Japan means “The Land Canada, prior to 1965 used the of the Rising Sun” and this is British Red Ensign with the represented in the flag. The redness Canadian arms, though this was of the disc denotes passion and unpopular with the French sincerity and the whiteness Canadians. The country’s new flag represents honesty and purity. breaks all previous links. The maple leaf is the Another of the most famous flags Flags of the World traditional emblem of Canada, the white represents in the world is the flag of France, The foremost property of flags is that each one the vast snowy areas in the north, and the two red stripes which dates back to the represent the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. immediately identifies a particular nation or territory, revolution of 1789. The tricolour, The flag of the United States of America, the ‘Stars and comprising three vertical stripes, without the need for explanation. The colours, Stripes’, is one of the most recognisable flags is said to represent liberty, shapes, sizes and devices of each flag are often in the world. It was first adopted in 1777 equality and fraternity - the basis of the republican ideal. linked to the political evolution of a country, and during the War of Independence. The flag of Germany, as with many European Union United Nations The stars on the blue canton incorporate heraldic codes or strongly held ideals. European flags, is based on three represent the 50 states, and the horizontal stripes. -
Why Does St. Peter's Barge Wear the Blue Ensign?
Why does St. Peter’s Barge wear the Blue Ensign? St. Peter’s Barge is London’s only floating church, and has spiritually been “flying the flag” in Canary Wharf since arriving at West India Quay in 2004. But until now, unlike many of the other vessels around her, the barge has not been flying an actual flag. This has now changed, and the flag that she flies – or, in nautical terminology – the ensign that she wears – is rather unusual. From 1620 until 1864, the Royal Navy was divided into three squadrons: Red, White and Blue. The Red Squadron, which was the most senior, patrolled the Caribbean and the North Atlantic. The White Squadron patrolled the coasts of Britain and France and the Mediterranean, while the Blue patrolled the South Atlantic, the Pacific and the Indian Ocean. Ships of the three squadrons were identified by a flag or “ensign” of the appropriate colour, each incorporating the red-on-white cross of St. George (patron saint of England): 17 th Century Naval ensigns: Red Ensign White Ensign Blue Ensign Captains of Royal Navy ships arriving in London needed to find a church where they could register the details of any deaths, births or marriages that had occurred during the voyage. Deaths were to be expected, of course, but remarkably there were often some births and occasionally even a marriage, as it was not uncommon for there to be women on board! The church usually chosen as the place of registry was St. Dunstan’s, Stepney, as its large (but then thinly-populated) East London parish extended all the way down to the river. -
Part 11 Regulations Covering the Flying of Flags in the United Kingdom
ARMY DRESS REGULATIONS (ALL RANKS) Part 11 Regulations covering the Flying of Flags in the United Kingdom Ministry of Defence PS12(A) March 2013 SECTION 1 – GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS INTRODUCTION 11.001. Scope. These regulations contain the regulations dealing with the flying of the national flag of the UK and others. 11.002. Application. These regulations are applicable to the Regular Army, the TA, the ACF and the CCF, and the MOD sponsored Schools. 11.003. Layout. These regulations is divided into the following Sections and related Annexes and Scales: Section 1 – General Instructions. Section 2 - Regulations for Flags. Annex A – Precedence of Flags Annex B – Personal Standards of Members of the Royal Family Section 3 – Flags within the MoD Section 4 – Design of Army Flags 11.004. Much of the content of this Part of the Regulations have been sourced from the Flag Institute with the authority of the copyright owner and may not be reproduced without prior permission of PS12(A). Flag Institute, The Naval Club, 38 Hill Street, Mayfair, London W1J 5NS. [email protected] Part 11 Sect 1 SECTION 2 – REGULATIONS FOR THE FLYING OF FLAGS WITHIN THE UNITED KINGDOM INTRODUCTION 11.005. The Union Flag. The national flag of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories is the Union Flag, which may also be called the Union Jack. 1 The first Union Flag was created in 1606 and combined the flags of England and Scotland. The present Union Flag dates from 1801 when St. Patrick's Cross was added to represent Ireland. It then became possible to display the flag upside down. -
USPS Flag Etiquette
United States Power Squadrons® Operations Manual Page 12-1 Chapter 12 PROTOCOL, ETIQUETTE AND FLAG CODE [12.1] Order of Precedence [12.31] Restricted in Ability to Maneuver Due to [12.2] Senior Officer Diving and Dredging [12.3] Head Table Arrangement [12.32] Skier Flag [12.4] Forms of Address [12.33] Speed Trial [12.5] Unofficial Visiting Officers [12.34] Quarantine [12.6] Protocol Aide [12.35] Tender [12.7] Formations [12.36] Owner Absent [12.8] Power Squadrons Flag Code [12.37] Guest [12.9] Points of Display [12.38] Man Overboard [12.10] The United States Ensign [12.39] Gag Flags [12.11] The United States Yacht Ensign [12.40] When Flags Are Flown [12.12] The US Power Squadrons Ensign [12.41] Alternative Display Locations [12.13] Power Squadrons Ceremonial Pennant [12.42] Multiple Hoisting [12.14] Squadron Burgee [12.43] Dressing Ship [12.15] District Flag [12.44] Half-Masting [12.16] Anniversary Burgee or Flag [12.45] Dipping the Ensign [12.17] Officer Flags [12.46] Flag Precedence [12.18] Squadron Officers [12.47] Order of Making Colors [12.19] District Officers [12.48] Flag Size [12.20] National Officers [12.49] Flying Flag Ashore [12.21] Past-Officer Flag [12.50] Displaying Flags Indoors [12.22] Officer-in-Charge Pennant [12.51] Advancing and Retiring Colors [12.23] Cruise Pennant [12.52] Flags on the Rostrum and Head Table [12.24] Private Signals [12.53] Power Squadrons Ensign on Commercial [12.25] Courtesy Flags Property [12.26] Union Jack [12.54] Power Squadrons Ensign in Mourning [12.27] Coast Guard Auxiliary Flag [12.55] Saluting [12.28] Association Flags [12.56] Wearing the Cap [12.29] Miscellaneous Flags; Regatta [12.57] Uniform Decorum [12.30] Diver-Down Flag [12.58] Etiquette on Board [12.59] Responsibilities of the Skipper The mark of a true yachtsman, male or female, is not stiff adherence to nautical terminology or procedure but a circumspect understanding of traditions of the sea as they relate to today's world. -
Ensigns of New Zealand 47
Ensigns of New Zealand 47 Ensigns of New Zealand Dean Thomas As the roots of New Zealand’s flags lie in the ensigns of the United Kingdom, one can correctly ascertain at a quick glance that New Zealand was a former colony. However, retaining these designs—given New Zea- land’s current status as a Dominion of the Crown—contrasts with the majority of former British colonies. Various ensigns now in use in New Zealand have “broken the mold” somewhat, with a potpourri of tradition and originality. Blue Ensign/National Flag Figure 1. R/W/B Raven, Vol. 17, 2010, pp. 47–60 ISSN 1071-0043 ©2010 NAVA 48 Dean Thomas The Imperial Colonial Naval Defence Act of 1865 ruled that all ships owned by a colonial government must fly the Blue Ensign with the badge of the colony on it. At that time, New Zealand did not have an official badge or emblem—only the Union Jack—and as such flew the Blue Ensign without a distinguishing badge. In 1866, the government steamers St. Kilda and Sturt were reprimanded by visiting British ships for flying the Blue Ensign without the colony’s badge. This embarrassment prompted the government to devise an emblem for placement on the flag, in com- pliance with the Act. Figure 2. 1867 Blue Ensign, R/W/B Initial ideas for the design of New Zealand’s emblem included the seal of New Zealand and the words “New Zealand”, however both were found too difficult to work into the design of the Blue Ensign. Four stars in the form of the Southern Cross were also proposed, but were rejected as not being exclusively representative of New Zealand. -
Britannia's Banners
A Brief Outline of the Britannia’s Banners - PROCEEDINGS Development of the Principal British Naval Flags Bruce Nicolls FFIAV FFI The Bayeux Tapestry, portraying the Norman invasion It was in the Crusades that this need became critical, with of England in 1066 and the events leading up to it, kings, nobles and knights of several nationalities fight- shows us that, at that time, flags flown in ships were ing together, and now in all encasing armour. Banners of no particular significance. The important flags were with bold, simple and distinctive devices were adopted, those of the principal personalities in the event, notably playing a major part in the development of what became that of Duke William himself, the banner presented to known as heraldry. him by the Pope as a sign of his blessing upon William’s invasion of England. The Bayeux Tapestry The tapestry also shows us that there was a great need for a better means of identifying the leader, who in this case had to show his face to his troops to reassure them that he was still alive after a rumour went round that he A Crusader had been killed. In an era of increasing maritime activity, these banners also became the means of identifying ships. The three gold lions on a red field, adopted by the English king in 1198, became the banner of the king’s ships, and the red cross of St George, widely adopted by the Crusaders, became the colours of English ships generally. The Bayeux Tapestry Seal Showing the England & Cinque Ports Flags 11 reduced to three in 1405, the royal banner thus created lasted for nearly two centuries. -
Conservation in Colour Innovations and Experiences in Creating Colour for Textile Treatment and Display
Conservation in Colour Innovations and experiences in creating colour for textile treatment and display. Postprints from the Symposium of the ICON Textile Group 8th November 2019 People’s History Museum Manchester Edited by Viola Nicastro and Terri Dewhurst 1 Copyright © 2020, Individual Members All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under the copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without prior written permission of the copyright owner and the ICON Textile Group. Disclaimer: Whilst every effort is made to ensure accuracy, the editors and the ICON Textile Group can accept no responsibility for the content expressed in the publication; they are solely those of the individual members. 2 Contents Foreword 4 Viola Nicastro, Icon Textile Group Events Coordinator 4 The Treatment of Previous Repairs in an Eighteenth Century Carpet 5 Nicola Gentle, ACR, Free-lance textile conservator & researcher, Devon 5 Colour Conundrums and Digital Dilemmas: Printed Photographic Infill Patches for a 17th Century Tapestry 14 Jane Smith & Nadine Wilson, Senior Textile Conservator & Textile Conservator, National Trust Textile Conservation Studio 14 Conservation of Two Degraded Silk Colours: Putting the Colour Back 24 Liz Rose, Textile Conservator, British Library 24 Colouring for Camouflage: Exploring the Use of Artists’ Pencils to Reduce the Visual Disturbance of Irremovable Stains on Textiles 35 Alison Lister ACR, Director/Principal Conservator, Textile Conservation Limited, Bristol, UK 35 3 Foreword Viola Nicastro, Icon Textile Group Events Coordinator The 2019 Icon Textile Group Colour Symposium took place on the 8 th November at the People’s History Museum in Manchester and it was attended by 51 delegates. -
Flag Etiquette for UK Registered Vessels
Flag Etiquette for UK registered vessels What When Where Why Club Burgee* When aboard Yacht - masthead Shows club - Officially Ensign hours Motor boat - jackstaff membership - Commonly night & day - Officers night & day Red Ensign - undefaced When aboard Pushpit/taffrail. Shows the nation state - Ensign hours Mizzen masthead. under which you are Gaff peak. sailing Backstay/Main Leech Ensigns that require a When aboard Pushpit/taffrail. Shows the nation state special warrant - Ensign hours. If arriving Mizzen masthead. under which you are - Red Ensign defaced during Ensign hours the club Gaff peak. sailing - Blue Ensign defaced burgee is raised before its Backstay/Main Leech - Blue Ensign undefaced associated Ensign. And when - White Ensign leaving the associated Ensign is lowered before the club burgee Q flag When requesting Starboard flag halyard When requesting Free Pratique (the signal station) at customs and medical the top clearance in a foreign port. Not required for the EU (currently). Required for Guernsey, check Almanac. Courtesy Ensign When entering the territorial Starboard flag halyard It is a courtesy to the waters of a foreign country & at the top country whose waters when in a foreign port you have entered and - Officially Ensign hours indicates that you will - Commonly night & day abide by their laws. If requiring Free Pratique, raise the courtesy ensign after you have been cleared. Owners flag When the owner is aboard Port flag halyard Let's people know the nationality of the owner Dressing Ship When underway near a harbour Ensigns at each To celebrate British - with masthead flags or anchorage on masthead and the National events - British National Days** burgee at the main masthead, plus the Ensign at the stern.++ Dressing Ship When in port Stemhead to To celebrate British - Overall (All the flag - British National Days** masthead(s) to taffrail National and club signals, order +) - Club days - see the order below - events - Officially Ensign hours plus the Ensign at the - Commonly night & day stern. -
Yachting Flag Lore
YACHTING FLAG LORE LtCol E. Bruce Starrett ED, (RL) 1 CONTENTS PART 1 Origins PART 2 Australian National Flag and Ensigns PART 3 Burgees and other Flags PART 4 Positions of Flags PART 5 Dressing Ship, Half Mast and Saluting Acknowledgments Much of the information contained in this writing was researched by the late Colonel F.S.B.(Stuart) Peach and issued as a precis of the lectures he gave on this subject at the Sailing and Seamanship Courses organised by the Army Sailing Club, Sydney for members of that Club and the RAN Sailing Association. The Assistance of Mr. John C. Vaughan of Australiana Flags, an expert vexillologist and vexillographer, in providing copies of historical documents and advice was greatly appreciated. 2 YACHTING FLAG LORE PART 1 - ORIGINS Down through the ages there have been three essential marks of identity in a ship. Regardless of anything they chose to fly In the way of other flags, a vessel has usually always indicated: 1. Her Country 2. Her Fleet 3. Her Master This has developed a protocol for ship's flags which in turn provides a precedence for yachts. 1. Her Country The Ensign 2. Her Fleet (or Club) The Burgee 3. Her Owner The House Flag After that come others as required: Courtesy Flags City Flags such as the Greater Sydney Ensign Other Burgees The positions in which they are flown is covered later in this article. COLOURS This is a general term describing any flag which is flown to denote the nationality of a ship. These include National Flags, Ensigns, Standards (armorial bearings of a person entitled to such e.g. -
Flying Flags in the United Kingdom
A Guide to Britain’s Flag Protocol Introduction BRITISH FLAG PROTOCOL The Union Flag is one of the best-known national symbols in the world. This is not surprising as it has been around for over 400 years with only minor changes. The Union Flag signifies the unity of the nations that make up the United Kingdom and dependencies, and demonstrates the bonds of citizen- ship which we all share. Whatever our differences may be, whatever our faith, culture, political views, ethnicity, first language or traditional customs, we can all stand beneath this flag united together in common purpose. But for too long our flag has been taken for granted and largely ignored. Few children are taught about it in school, few people know its history or even the correct way to fly it. It is time that this changed and we became familiar with our flag, because all of us have the right to fly the flag and may use it on land wherever and whenever we wish. It is the people’s flag as well as the state flag. The Flag Institute, in association with the Flags & Heraldry Committee, an all party group of the United Kingdom Parliament, has produced this booklet to help and guide you when flying the flag in a variety of situations - it provides a few simple rules to ensure that the flag is flown correctly and is treated with dignity and respect. We would like to pay tribute to Graham Bartram, Chief Vexillologist of the Flag Institute, for his outstanding graphics and detailed knowledge in the drafting of this booklet, and also to officials at the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) who so kindly supported this venture. -
Flag of New Zealand - a Brief History
Part of the “History of National Flags” Series from Flagmakers Flag of New Zealand - A Brief History Where In The World Trivia Soon there will be a referendum to decide if there will be a new flag. Technical Specification Adopted: 24th March 1902 (Originally 1869) Proportion: 1:2 Design: A British Blue Ensign with four white-bordered red stars of the Curx Australis. Colours: PMS Blue: 280 Red: 186 Brief History The first flag in New Zealand was the Flag of the United Tribes adopted around 1834. This represented the Maori people’s independence and for so New Zealand ships would have their own flag. The flag is a white field with a red cross similar the ST. George’s Cross with a blue rectangle, white-bordered red cross and four eight-pointed stars’ top left. In 1840 the Treaty of Waitangi was signed between the tribes and Great Britain to cede the country to Queen Victoria. The flag adopted was the flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain. The Flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand The Flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain (1834-1840) (1840 – 1867) A British Blue Ensign was granted in 1867, however there wasn’t a badge or coat of arms awarded to the country so a simple white-bordered red “NZ” was added to the lower right portion of the flag. In 1869 Sir George Bowen designed the new flag of New Zealand that removed the “NZ” and replaced it with a collection of white-bordered red stars in the shape of the Southern Cross.