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Climate Change Strategy (CCS) 2014-2024

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Climate Change Strategy (CCS) 2014-2024 Republika e Kosovës Republika Kosova - Republic of Kosovo Qeveria - Vlada - Government Ministria e Mjedisit dhe Planifikimit Hapësinor Ministarstvo Životne Sredine i Prostornog Planiranja Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY (CCS) 2014-2024 Republika e Kosovës Republika Kosova - Republic of Kosovo Qeveria - Vlada - Government Ministria e Mjedisit dhe Planifikimit Hapësinor Ministarstvo Životne Sredine i Prostornog Planiranja Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY (CCS) 2014-2024 TITLE: Climate Change Strategy CITATION: Climate Change Strategy for Kosovo, the Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning (MESP), Kosovo, 2014. FUNDING: Austrian Development Cooperation, UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre, Capacity building for Climate Risk Management in Eastern Europe and Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Kosovo ADMINISTRATIVE INSTRUctION NO. 02/2012 The content and form of this report follows Article 9 of the Republic of Kosovo’s Administrative Instruction No. 02/2012 on the Procedures, Criteria, and Methodology for the Preparation and Approval of Strategy Documents and Plans for their Implementation. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive summary .................................................................................................................................7 Component I ............................................................................................................................................ 12 Low-Emission Development ............................................................................................................ 12 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 13 2. Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 13 3. Background..................................................................................................................................... 13 3.1. International context ................................................................................................................. 13 3.1.1.What is Low Emission Development (LED) .......................................................................... 14 3.1.2. International position of Kosovo ............................................................................................ 14 3.1.3. The UN Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol ................................. 15 3.1.4. Climate action in non-Annex I Parties .................................................................................. 16 3.1.5. Implications of EU Accession ................................................................................................... 17 3.1.6. Energy Community Treaty ........................................................................................................ 19 3.2.1. Socio-economic situation ......................................................................................................... 20 3.2.2. Climate change mitigation Policy .......................................................................................... 20 3.2.3. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory ..................................................................... 22 3.2.4. Energy .............................................................................................................................................. 24 3.2.5. Buildings ......................................................................................................................................... 30 3.2.6. Minerals and Industry ................................................................................................................ 31 3.2.7. Transport ......................................................................................................................................... 32 3.2.8. Waste management .................................................................................................................... 32 3.2.9. Agriculture ...................................................................................................................................... 33 4. Goals and Objectives .................................................................................................................. 37 5. Alternatives considered: Possible Development Scenarios ................................... 38 5.1. Global prediction models ........................................................................................................ 38 6. Recommended GHG Reduction Measures ....................................................................... 41 7. Next steps for implementing the low-emission component .................................. 43 7.1. Institutional development .......................................................................................................... 43 7.2. Development and implementation of NAMAs .................................................................... 43 7.3. Monitoring and Assessment of Strategy Implementation .............................................. 44 7.4. Revision of the Strategy ............................................................................................................... 44 Component II ............................................................................................................................................ 47 Adaptation Component (NAC) ........................................................................................................... 47 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 48 1.1 NAC in relation to government priorities .............................................................................. 48 1.2 The rationale for initiating the development of NAC ........................................................ 48 2. Methodology ................................................................................................................................... 49 2.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 49 2.2. List of ministries and institutions involved in the strategy development ................. 49 2.2.1. List of stakeholders involved in strategy development ................................................. 49 2.2.2. Local questionnaire survey ...................................................................................................... 50 3. Background ...................................................................................................................................... 51 3.1. Problem description ...................................................................................................................... 51 3.2. Climate change impacts in Kosovo .......................................................................................... 52 3.2.1. Water resources ............................................................................................................................ 53 3.2.2. Agriculture, forestry, biodiversity and land use planning ............................................. 54 3.2.3. Public health .................................................................................................................................. 56 3.3. Challenges ........................................................................................................................................ 56 3.4. Government activities and legislation aimed at addressing climate change .......... 57 4. Goals and Objectives .................................................................................................................... 62 5. Alternatives considered: Priority adaptation measures ................................................... 62 6. Recommendations ......................................................................................................................... 68 6.1. Increasing adaptive capacity...................................................................................................... 68 6.2. Overview of adaptation component’s intervention sheets ............................................ 69 6.3. Evaluation and ordering of interventions ............................................................................. 73 6.3.1. Performance matrix .................................................................................................................... 77 6.4. Implementation framework ....................................................................................................... 83 7. Next steps for implementing the adaptation component .............................................. 90 7.1. Additional policy analysis work ................................................................................................. 90 7.1.1. Financing ........................................................................................................................................ 90 7.1.2. Drafting, amendment and implementation/ enforcement of laws ........................... 92 7.1.3. Governance of Climate Adaptation ......................................................................................
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