Herefordshire Ornithological Club

f( j i' ANNUAL REPORT 1987

1\b.7 Vol. 4 £2.00 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB No. 7 Vol. 4

OFFICERS AND COMMITTEE 1987

President J.L. FOX

Vice- Presidents:- P.W. HINDE, M.B.O.U., Dr. C.W. WALKER, M.C. A.G. FYSHE

Chairman:- A.J. SMITH

Hon. Seeretarl':- Mrs. J.M. BROMLEY The Garth, Kington. Tel: Kington 230502

Hon. Treasurer:- LT. STONE Chantries, Grosmont, Abergavenny.

Hon. Recorder:- A.J. SMITH Yew Tree Cottage, Holme Marsh, Lyonshall, Kington. Tel: Lyonshall 318

Hon. Field Seeretarr:- K.A. MASON

Hon. Editor:- A. MARCHANT

Hon. Bulletin Editor P. GARDNER

Commillee:- M.J. ANTCLIFF K.A. MASON Dr. D.G. BODDINGTON P. THOMSON LB. EVANS Miss M.A. RIGBY R.HALL Dr. W.H.D. WINCE F.W. MARSTON

Co· opted: Mrs. F.R. FRANCIS D.PARR HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB RULES

I. NAME. The Club shall be called the Herefordshire Ornithological Club. 2. OBJECTS. The objects of the Club shall be (a) to further the study of birds in the field, and (b) to assist in their preservation. 3. MEMBERSHIP. The Club shall consist of a President, a Chairman, a Secretary, a Field Secretary, a Treasurer, an Editor, a Recorder, and Ten Committee Members and Ordinary Members. The President and the Chair­ man to retire after serving a tetl]1 of three years. The Secretaries, the Treasurer, the Recorder and the Editor shall be elected annually. The three senior of the ten Ordinary Members of the Committee shall retire annually and they shall not be eligible for re-election for a period of 12 months. The Officers and Ordinary Members of the Committee shall be elected at the Annual General Meeting and the Officers shall be eligible for re-election. Nominations for the Committee must be received in writing by the Hon. Secretary by February 14th. 4. CONDITIONS OF MEMBERSHIP. Members shall be required to support and keep the provisions of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. Any members failing to support and keep this law shall be required to resign. Members shall not divulge to unauthorised persons (e.g. known collectors of skins and/or eggs) information in a manner likely to be detrimental to the objects of the Club. 5. SUBSCRIPTIONS. (a) Junior members, over 12 but under 18 years of age, £ I. Ordinary members, 18 years and over, £3. A married couple, £4. Any additional members of a household £ I. SUbscriptions are payable on January I st or on election to membership. Corporate Members: Kindred bodies, Schools, etc. Subscription £2 per annum. Honorary Members: As approved by the majority present at the Annual General Meeting. (b) All SUbscriptions subsequent to those paid on admission shall be due on Jan. 1st each year. Where a member has been elected on or after 1st September in any year, there will be no further liability to subscribe in the year immediately following that of his or her election. Any member whose subscription is six months in arrears shall cease to receive the Club's publications and, should the subscription not be paid by December 31 st, his or her name shall be deleted from the list of Members. 6. MANAGEMENT. The Secretary shall keep Minutes of the Meetings and prepare such literature as shall keep the Members informed of the Club's activities. 7. MEETINGS shall be held as often as deemed desirable at the discretion of the Officers. 8. REPORT. There shall be an Editorial Committee of at least three Mem­ bers including the Secretary, appoL-lted at an ordinary Committee Meet­ ing. These shall prepare and present an Annual Report and such special reports as may be decided upon. 9. ALTERATIONS OF RULES. An alteration of the Rules may be made only if proposed at one meeting, printed on the agenda for the following meeting, and passed by a two-thirds majority of those present. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 331

EDITORIAL On the whole the year was generally favourable to the avian population with the majority of the resident and migrant species having a successful breeding season. Barn Owls were more widely reported, Sand Martins showed a welcome increase in numbers following their recent decline and both Sedge and Reed Warblers were found breeding at additional sites. However, no breeding Great Crested Grebes were reported, House Martin numbers were again reduced and no Nightingales were reported. The winter visitors were generally noted in good numbers with the exception of Redwings during both winter periods and Bramblings during the second winter period. The year produced a number of interesting records and included a 'first' for the County. Two of the seven Waxwings noted at Ledbury on Dec. 31 st, 1986 remained in the same area until Jan. 20th. A male and a female Black Redstart were seen at Bartestree on several occasions between 19th and 23rd. A Bittern was seen at Mortimer's Cross on 22nd, a pair of Red­ breasted Mergansers on the Wye at Hampton Bishop on 23rd, a Dunlin at Castleton on 24th and a second Bittern was seen at Hampton Bishop on 25th. In February a further Waxwing was noted mid-month in a garden in Foley Street, Hereford. Four Dunlin were at Castleton on March 8th and early April saw the arrival there ofthe first passage Wheatears with a single bird of the Greenland race noted on 15th. May produced 'the bird of the year', a male Dartford Warbler at an un-named locality on 24th. This is the first record for the County. A Hoopoe was seen at Bockleton on 27th and a late passage Whimbrel was noted at Holme Marsh on 31st. The Dartford Warbler was last noted on June 1st and at the end of the month a Wryneck was seen at Bromyard on 29th. Two Quail were heard calling at Tretire from July 23rd into early August. Two 'wrecked' Manx Shearwaters were found at Leominster on September 4th and subsequently successfully released off the coast. A 'ring-tailed' Hen Harrier was watched at Foy/ Hole-in-the-Wall area on November 22nd. Winter records of geese are generally confined to Canadas and feralj'escaped' Greylags and Barnacles so additions to the usual list are always of interest. Single Brents were noted at Castleton on December 13th and Hampton Bishop on 18th, a single Whitefront at Castleton on 21st and two adults and a juvenile Whitefront at Winforton Wye on 27th. Three Shelduck were noted at Castleton on 24th. MEMBERSHIP and FINANCES. Membership ofthe Club has remained healthy and a statement of the Club's finances will be found at the end ofthis Report.

CLUB ACTIVITIES. Club outings were held during the year at Talybont, Whitcliffe Ludlow, Letton and Castleton Wye, Glasbury Wye/ Llan Bwch­ .Llyn, Berrington Heronry, Llanbedr, High Vinnals, Haugh Wood (twice), Llandegley, Shobdon, Titley (dawn chorus), Burfa, Pecket Stone (Nightjar meeting), Goodrich, Moelienydd, Michaelchurch Escley, Elan Valley, Pilleth/ Hendregenny, Chew Valley Reservoir, Glasbury Wye, Upton Warren NR, Castleton Wye, Water-break-it's-Neck/ Harley Dingle, Bryngwynl Rhosgoch, Malvern Hills and Severn Estuary. Thanks go to all landowners who granted us permission to visit their properties and to all leaders of the various meetings. 332 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

Indoor meetings included a Members' evening and illustrated talks by Ray Goodwin, 'Sights and Sounds of Crete'; Roger Lovegrove (RSPB), 'Birds of Wales'; Tim Davies (BTO), 'Lundy Island'; Dr. D.G. Boddington, 'Pied Flycatchers'; Mike Wilkes, 'East and West Africa'. In addition the Club liaised with the Radnorshire RSPB Group in arranging a meeting at Presteigne at which Ray Goodwin gave a talk with slides and recordings on 'British Wildlife'. Thanks go to all speakers for the excellence oftheir talks. Once again the Club assisted the RSPB in the showing offom new RSPB films at the Town Hall, Hereford.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. Thanks go to Mr. and Mrs. P. Gardner for preparing the Club Bulletins, to Mr. T. Davies for auditingthe accounts and to the Editorial Sub-Committee, Mr. P.W. Hinde, Dr. C.W. Walker, Mr. A.J. Smith, Mr. D. Parr and the Secretary for their assistance and guidance.

The Club also extends its thanks to John Reaney SWLA of Brighton for the cover drawing and other illustrations and to Fred Marston for the photographic illustrations. Finally thanks go to all those members and other persons whose contributions have made this Report possible.

A. Marchant. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 333

HEREFORDSHIRE NATURE TRUST NEST BOX SCHEME - 1987 RESULTS C.W. SHELDRAKE Recording took place on 30 sites covered by the Ornithological Club. The results are for Herefordshire only. No submissions were made by the Radnorshire operators therefore no comparisons are being made to 1986 results. Nests Fledged Pied Flycatcher 194 1015 Blue Tit 121 921 Marsh Tit 4 31 Coal Tit 7 58 Redstart 3 14 Nuthatch 10 71 Tawny Owl I I Wren I

Total boxes used 523 Boxes erected 1039 % used 50.3

BREEDING STATISTICS

Blue Tit Great Tit Pied Flycatcher Clutch size 9.9 (9.8) 8.7 (8.:7) 7.05 (7.5) % hatched 90.0 9\.4 87.2 % fledged 95.2 94.3 94.2 overall % 85.7 86.3 82.27 fledged/ pr 8.4 (8.2) 7.5 (6.3) 5.7 (5.8)

Results from R.S.P.B. Reserve at Nagshead, Gloucestershire in brackets.

Another success year with good food supply.

Nine recoveries were made and reported on returns.

See a comprehensive list elsewhere in the Annual report.

3 sites were predated.

One female Pied Flycatcher double brooded first on the Doward and later at Nagshead Reserve, Gloucestershire RSPB Reserve. 334 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

RINGING REPORT FOR 1987

Complete details of their ringing activities in Herefordshire have been supplied by D.G.B.. S.G.D., J.F.. J.I.. A.M.. D.P.. and S.J.T.' Peter Gardner has supplied details of ringing carried out at Mary Knoll. Kathy Moon gave an account of the Whitney Court site. and Michael Antcliff reported again on Whitfield. During 1987 D.G.B. has been responsible for ringing at Bockleton (Motlin's Hole), Bromyard (including Brockhampton), Gatley. Mowley. Shobdon. Titley. Yatton. and Wapley Hill. S.G.D. has taken over at Paradise Wood, Presteigne. J.F. has been ringing at the Doward. J.I. at Garnons and Wigmore. A. M. has continued at Moccas, D. P. has ringed at Court Wood and Romer's Wood, and S.J.T. in South Herefordshire. A total of 2987 birds of 45 species have been ringed. comprising 1344 FG and 1643 Pulli.

The 'Top 10' species were: Pied Flycatcher ...... 1304 ( 138 FG 1166 Pulli)

Black-headed Gull •••••••••• 0 • 278 ( all FG) Blue Tit ...... 273 ( 79 FG 194 Pulli) Lesser Black-backed Gull ...... 199 ( all FG)

Great Tit •••••••••••••••••• 0 • 155 ( 49 FG 106 Pulli) House Martin ...... 104 ( all FG) Nuthatch ...... 75 ( 3 FG 72 Pulli) Willow Warbler ...... 62 ( 56 FG 6 Pulli) Redwing ...... 54 ( all FG)

Coal Tit ••••••••••••••••••• 0 • 51 ( 6 FG 45 Pulli)

The following are selected from 'Identified' previously ringed birds of all species. Ringing details are given on the first line and recovery date on the second. Unless otherwise stated all birds were released alive. M- Male F- Female Pul - Nestling Ad - Adult FG - Fully Grown X- Found dead B- Breeding

SPARROWHAWK DR51513 lyr + M 23.11.87 Brockhampton. Bromyard (S.G.D.) Norton. Bromyard. Herefs. BLACK-HEADED GVLL EF7310 2yr + 22.0 I.77 Norwich. Norfolk. 17.01.87 Stretton Sugwas. Herefs. (S.G.D.) 258Km. EB97366 lyr 26.01.80 Studley. Warwicks. 12.12.87 Stretton Sugwas, Herefs. (S.G.D.) 64Km. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 335

LESSER BLACK-BACKED GULL GG39582 Iyr + 10.01.87 Stretton Sugwas, Herefs. (S.G.D.) 22.01.87 Newport, Gwent. 56Km. GP76104 4yr + 17.01.87 Stretton Sugwas, Herefs. (S.G.D.) 08.07.87 Castle 8ar, Mayo, Eire. 479Km. RCI2717 FG 27.12.86 Stretton Sugwas, Herefs. (S.G.D.) 12.04.87 Arnsberg, F.R. Germany. 772Km. HOUSE MARTIN EI7434 J 24.08.86 Walcot, Wellington, Salop. (J. M. L) 02.06.87 8romyard, Herefs. (S.G.D.) DIPPER XR30669 Pul. 04.05.87 Rhayader. (S.J.T.) 11.10.87 8rampton 8ryan, Herefs. 38Km. PIED FLYCATCHER 252 Adult birds (161F, 91M, 1.8:1) were handled in Herefordshire in 1987 of which 138 (85F, 53M, 1.6: I) were newly ringed and 114 (76F, 38M, 2.0:1) had already been ringed in previous years, 101 in Herefordshire and 12 +?I elsewhere (Salop 5, Powys 2, Gwent 2, 'Forest of Dean' 2, Clwyd I, locality not yet known I). In addition 10 previously ringed Herefordshire were found elsewhere (Salop 2, 'Wyre Forest' I, Dorset J, Powys 2, Gwent 2. Morocco 2). Ofthe I1I (10 I + 10) ringed in Herefordshire and recovered somewhere 63 had been ringed as Pulli. The sex of56 ofthese had their sex later ascertained as 33F and 23 M. I had been ringed in 1981,2 i'n 1982,6 in 1983,6 in 1984,22 in 1985,22 in 1986 (with a further possible for this year) and 3 in 1987. Analysis of site changes in the Pulli showed that 24 returned to their place of birth (IOF. 14M) and that 31 had moved elsewhere (22F, 9M). Site change in Adults was shown by 4 (all F) and 46 returned to their site of original ringing (35F, II M). A777129 Pul (M) 07.06.81 Mary Knoll, Herefs. (CJ.M.) 8 31.05.87 Mary Knoll, Herefs. (CJ. M.) (Mary Knoll '82, '83) A860908 Ad F 04.06.82 Gatley, Herefs. (D.G.8.) 8 28.05.8"1 Gatley, Herefs. (D.G.B.) (Gatley '83, '86, Wigmore '84) 8217083 Pul (M) 08.06.82 Paradise, Presteigne (S.G.D.) 8 10.06.87 Paradise, Presteigne (S.G.D.) (Paradise '84 '85) 8217140 Pul (F) 10.06.82 Yatton, Aymestrey, Herefs. (D.G.8.) 8 24.05.87 Clun, Salop. (CJ.W.) 8217525 Ad M 21.06.82 Paradise. (S.G.D.) 8 01.06.87 Paradise. (S.G.D.) 8345900 Pul (M) 09.06.82 Wrekin. Salop. 8 14.06.87 Mary Knoll. (CJ.M.) (Mary Knoll '83, '85) 336 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

8471481 Pul (F) 08.06.83 Garnons, Herefs. (1. I.) B 16.05.87 Moccas. (AM.) (Moccas '85) 8585104 Ad M 12.06.82 Mary Knoll. (CJ.M.) B 31.05.87 Mary Knoll. (CJ.M.) (Mary Knoll '82, '85, '86) 8832410 Pul (F) 02.06.84 Craven Arms, Salop. B 21.05.87 Gatley. (D.G.8.) (Gatley '85) 8869068 Pul (F) 06.06.84 Wapley, Herefs. (D.G.B.) B 23.05.87 Abergavenny, Gwent. (P.F.J.P.) 37Km. 8869970 Ad F 23.05.84 Gatley. (D.G.B.) B 31.05.87 Moccas. (AM.) (Powys '85, Moccas '86) C319220 Pul (M) 13.06.85 Llangallow, Clwyd. (J.AL.R.) . B 06.06.87 Gatley. (D.G.B.) 82Km. C465313 Pul (M) 09.06.85 Hurst, Clun. (J.M. and A.F.L.) B 07.06.87 Mary Knoll. (CJ.M.) C524133 Pul (F) 13.06.85 Paradise. (S.G.D.) 24.05.87 Newcastle, Clun. (CJ.W.) C524351 Pul (?) 16.06.86 Wapley. (D.G.B.) 16.03.87 Dovar, Idsoulien, Morocco 1921Km. 184° C524579 Pul (F) 18.06.86 Moccas. (AM.) B 22.05.87 Pontypool, Gwent. (P. FJ.P) 43Km. C524618 Pul (M) 18.06.85 Shobdon. (D.G.B.) B 3I.05.87 Wyre Forest, Worcs. (D. F.) C525320 Pul (?) 07.06.87 Moccas. (AM.) X 30.08.87 Safi, Morocco. 2192Km. 193° C525914 Pul (F) 26.06.86 Gatley. (D.G.B.) 05.05.87 Portland Bill, Dorset. 200Km. 173° C615779 Pul (F) 21.06.86 Penalt, Gwent. (S.J.T.) B 20.06.87 Mary Knoll. (CJ.M.) 63Km. C616640 Pul (F) 23.06.85 Nagshead, Forest of Dean 8 11.05.87 Doward. (J.F.) B 17.06.87 Nagshead. C664336 Pul (F) 12.06.83 Llanbedr, Powys. B 14.05.87 Wigmore (J.I.) C668616 Pul (F) 16.06.85 Romer's Wood. (D.P.) 8 21.05.87 Newbridge on Wye, Powys. C727427 Pul (F) 16.06.85 St. Harmon, Powys. (P.P.J.) B 24.06.87 Paradise. (S.G.D.) HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 337

C756493 Pul (F) 21.06.86 Cwmyoy, Gwent. (P.F.J.P.) B 12.05.87 Paradise. (S.G.D.) C900085 Ad (F) 06.06.86 Newcastle, Clun. (CJ.W.) B 12.05.87 Paradise. (S.G.D.) C900186 Pul (F) 15.06.86 Newcastle, Clun. (CJ.W.) B 25.05.87 Motlin's Hole, Bockelton. (D.G.B.) The above 27 recoveries are selected from 124 available. The omitted ones include two juveniles found dead on 20th June and 15th July within a mile of their nest boxes and less than five weeks after ringing; and 67 instances where there had been no change of site.

Key to Initials S.G. Dodd, J. Flyn, D. Fulton, J. lcke, P.P. Jennings, J.M. and L.F. Langford, A. Marchant, CJ. Mead, D. Parr, P.F.J. Playford, J.A.L. Roberts, S.J. Tyler, CJ. Whittles. David G. Boddington 338 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

WEATHER NOTES AND OTHER JOTTINGS, 1987 January. The month began in a mild manner, and day temperatures remained at a pleasant level for the season throughout the first week, despite a couple of good night frosts. However, January was most notable for an exceptionaIly cold spell between the 7th and 19th with the night of 11/ 12th proving to be the coldest of the winter. Even the day temperature failed to get above freezing point during the three day period ending on the 13th. A much warmer week with no air .frosts followed, but the last three days ofthe month were again very cold, indeed thin ice extended halfway across the Wye at one point on the 31 st. Snow showers were occasional from the 12th until a thaw began on the 20th with the main snowfall producing up to 8" oflevel snow in some parts during the 13/ 14th. Total precipitation was well below average and occurred largely as snow. Although Fieldfares were only to be found in small numbers throughout the month, and Redwings were very scarce, it was a good time for Bramblings which occurred widely in finch flocks and at garden bird tables.

February. The weather became mild and wet overnight on the I st/ 2nd February, and this phase continued until cooler conditions returned on the 12th. The night of 18/ 19th was the coldest of the month, and snow flurries were frequent on the 16th and 17th, but it was again mild and wet as the month ended. Total precipitation was above average. A variety of bird movement became evident during the month, including the more obvious such as returning Skylarks from about the 12th, and also the more obscure, bearing in mind the presence of wintering birds, such as the direct passage of Lesser Black-backed Gulls from about the 14th.

March. The first day of the month was mild, but overall March was cold and wet. Up to 4"iof snow accumulated on the 7th heralding the coldest period which continued until the 14th. Heavy rain on the 24t~ and again on the 27th, this time accompanied by gale force wind, together with more snow on the 29th, ensured that the month ended with a flourish. Total precipitation was a little more than average. The 86/87 winter had seen a good influx of Bramblings in this part of the country, and birds were still to be found all through March with a few stragglers remaining into April.

April. The night of the 1st/2nd April was cold with a white frost, and although there were many frosts to come at ground level, this was the last air frost of the season. The first ten days of the month were most notable for heavy rainfaIl, and indeed most ofthe above average total for April occurred within this period. It was pleasantly warm on Good Friday, the 17th, and a high pressure period followed, the month ending with some of the warmest and sunniest weather on record for this time of year. Whilst the early birds ofmany species of summer migrants arrived more or less on schedule throughout the month, it was equally interesting to observe the return ofmany "resident" Wrens to areas which had been deserted during th.e worst of winter weather. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 339

May. May failed to begin as April ended, and it was at once much cooler with the wind touching gale force on the 2nd, together with the added interest of a heavy hailstorm on the same day. In short, although it was pleasantly warm on the 26th and 27th, generally the month was cool but dry with only about half the average rainfall. It became increasingly apparent during the month of May that Sand Martin numbers were improving at last, and were higher than in any of the three previous years.

June. The month did its best to follow the pattern established in May in that it was notably cool with only the last few days, after the 26th, being at all seasonal in nature. There was a touch of frost at grass level on the mornings of the 12th and 15th. June was also notably wet, the total rainfall well exceeding the average for the month. Curlew and Grey Partridge enjoyed a better breeding season than during the previous 2/3 years in at least one area, a little surprising perhaps in view of the unfavourable June weather.

July. July soon became pleasantly warm and indeed hot for three consecutive days in the first week when the temperature climbed into the 80'sF. However, this good start was not maintained, and after the 8th conditions were unsettled with a wet spell mid-month giving heavy rain on the 14th and 19th, but by the end of the month measureable rain had been noted on only 12 days, and total rainfall was barely up to average. By early July it was apparent that 1987 was a better year for Whitethroats, and more birds were to be found in the most favoured areas than for some years past. It was good to see an improvement, but of course much suitable habitat remained untenanted, and by standards of 30 and more years ago, the species was thin on the ground still.

August. The weather in August may be readily summarized as dull but dry, in marked contrast to the dull but wet conditions experienced by most parts of the U.K. at this time. Locally, however, only the 11th and 12th enjoyed significant amounts of rain, although thunderstorms on the 17th and 22nd may have given an extra splash in some areas. Total rainfall was very much less than average. August was full of indicators to the end of summer as ever, including the departure of Swifts on time with a few stragglers evident to the end of the month and into early September.

September. Th.e. month ~egan with not unpleasant temperatures, but mostly cloudy conditIOns until a strong breeze and rain on the 5th introduced a somewhat stormy period, which continued until the 14th. Slight frost at grass level 340 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 occurred on the night of the 14! 15th, and seven more had been noted by the J11onth's end, although there was no air frost. Total rainfall was a little less than average. Little Owls became noisy and more obvious during the month, as is usual at this season, and at the very end of September early Redwings were to be seen in the Radnor/ Hereford border area.

October. October was a month of exceptional weather. The first day was dry but thereafter only the 29th was free of rain, the wettest spell occuring over the 14/15th with the 20th also being notably wet. A remarkably intense depression brought gale force winds to the area over the night of IS! 16th, and although the wind moderated during the daylight hours, near gale conditions continued from time to time over the next two days. However unpleasant all this seemed, our good fortune soon became apparent as the extent of the damage to life, trees and property resulting from hurricane force winds' that had occurred further south became known. Rainfall was not far short of three times the average amount, the wettest October locally since 1960 when the even heavier October rains were part of a three month deluge culminating in the exceptional flooding in December of that year. While the autumn Fieldfares arri\led on time and the number of Redwings in the area increased, particularly towards the end of the month, there was a great deal of other bird movement. For example, the 21st was notable for the heaviest passage of Skylarks this season, together with a good movement of Meadow Pipits, Blackbirds and a smaller number of Song Thrush. November. A rather dull, cloudy month on the whole, with mist or fog dominating the first eight days, and plenty of rain thereafter. The sky cleared on the 26th to give a couple of good ground and air frosts, but fog returned to end the month quite as dull as it had begun. Heavy rain occurred between the 9th and 12th, and the 19th too was particularly wet, rainfall overall being about average for this usually wet month. The month began with large arrivals"of Fieldfares, together with smaller numbers of Redwing and a small movement of Siskin ana Redpoll was also evident. Fieldfares continued to be numerous throughout the month.

December. The month began dull and misty with low maximum day temperatures, and by the 7th it was frosty at night with some particularly low temperatures at grass level between the 8th and 14th together with good air frosts over the same period. An abrupt change brought warmer weather on the 17th, and unusually mild conditions were maintained throughout the rest of the month. Nearly half the month's rainfall fell during the last five days, although the total was a little less than average. The particularly mild weather throughout the second half of December helped to increase the amount ofbird song, and Collared Doves became even more vociferous than usual. Whilst one expects to hear Collared Dove, it was a little more interesting to note Blackbird in subdued song on the 19th, and Woodpigeon in full song on the 22nd. A.l.S. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 341

CLASSIFIED NOTES The list follows the sequence and nomenclature of ProL K.H. Voous (1977, List of Recent Holarctic Bird Species) as published in the 'British Birds' "List of birds of the Western Palearctic" 1978. CO denotes Club outing, GP = gravel pits, NR = nature reserve, SP = sand pits. Square brackets denote a need for confirmation. Large numbers are generally approximations.

LITTLE GREBE Tachyhaptus ruticollis. Single pairs bred at Hampton Bishop and Leach Podl and birds recorded from a further 16 localities during the year (cL nine in 1986). Maxima counts were seven at Castleton on Jan. 31st, four at Criftin Ford on Jan. 25th, four at Sink Green on Oct. 17th and four at Hampton Bishop on Dec. 22nd. The last two records probably relate to the same birds.

GREAT CRESTED GREBE Podiceps eristatus

A poor year for records with no breeding pairs reported. Jan. 31st, Castleton, one on Wye (AJS's); Feb. 9th, Shobdon, one (GRGj JG); May 20th, Eywood, pair (AJS's); July 2nd, Shobdon, one (MFP).

MANX SHEARWATER Puftinus puffinus. Sept. 4th, Leominster, a juvenile found in good condition was kept at Bromyard for a week before being released on the Clyde (DGB). A second bird was found in Corn Square, Leominster on the same day at about 1315. This too was in good condition and after being fed on small strips of fresh fish it was taken to Aberystwyth and released at dusk (JGj PG).

CORMORANT Phalacrocorax carho. Recorded from nine localities along the Wye during the periods Jan. - April and Aug. - Dec. The Carey Islands roost held 14 birds on Feb. 14th(CWS). Other large counts along the Wye were: Castleton. Jan. 31st, five adults; Feb. 15th, eight; Feb. 22nd, seven (including an adult in summer plumage); Oct. 3rd, 14; Oct. 10th, ten; Dec. 24th, five (AJS's et al). Hampton Bishop. Jan. 24th, five; Feb. 7th..six; Dec. 15th, 17 (JLF). Holme Lacy. Oct. 2nd, five; Oct. 9th, six; Dec. 8th, five (JLF). Away from the Wye records were as follows: Jan. 3rd, Hereford Lugg, four (DP); Jan. 31st. Criftin Ford Bridge area, one (TW); Nov. 9th, Leintwardine, three; Nov. 13th, Lugg Bridge, three (!BE's); Nov. 14th, Criftin Ford Bridge area, two (TW); Dec. 22nd, Bridge Sollars, one (PJE). TW reported that no birds appeared to be roosting near the Teme in the Criftin Ford Bridge area (cL max. 14 in 1986). 342 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

BITTERN Botaurus stellaris. Jan. 22nd, Mortimer's Cross, one flew up from Lugg (P. Evans, per J LF); Jan. 25th, Hampton Bishop, one flew across road, close to a frozen pond (R. Gates, per JLF).

GREY HERON Ardea cinerea. Records cover all months of the year and are widely distributed throughout the County. No counts were received from the heronries at Berrington (32), Foy (3), Kentchurch, and Leach Pool (9). A single pair bred at Moccas (I). Figures in brackets indicate 1986 counts. Away from the heronries the larger counts were as follows: March 29th, Sellack, four (WOD); July 8th, Hampton Bishop, eight (JLF); Aug. 4th, Mathon SP, nine (PGG), four there on Aug. 23rd (DP) and five on Sept. 20th (PGG).

MUTE SWAN C)'gnus alar. During the first winter/spring period the larger counts were: Jan. 19th, Wilton, ten (WOD); Jan. 24th, Castleton, min. 20, 30+ there on March 20th and 24 on April 10th of which only 3 or 4 were adults (AJS's); April 30th, Hampton Bishop, 21 and 28 there On May 16th (JLF). Breeding confirmed at Breinton and Glewstone and pairs with cygnets/ well grown young which were noted on Wye at Carey, Castleton, Hole-in-the­ Wall and Wilton (WOD et al) may \Veil have bred locally. At Castleton the non-breeding herd began to build up in mid-June with 1I there on 20th and numbers increased steadily during the following months with the maximum counts as follows: J A SON D 20 33 45 54 35 Other large counts during this period were: Sept. 30th, Wilton Wye, 30, including seven juveniles (WOD); Dec. 13th, Linton, 38 (PGG). Elsewhere during the year records of I - 3 birds come from Goodrich, Kenchester and Shobdon.

BEWICK'S SWAN Cygnus columbianus. Jan. 1st, Letton, 16 including eight juveniles (PGB's); Jan. 17th, Castleton, 17 including three juveniles (CO); Jan. 31 st, Criftin Ford, 12 in flight (WHDW); Jan. 31st - March 20th, Castleton, max. 17 and 10+ still present on March 20th (AJS's). A single noted with Mute Swan at Sink Green on the very late date of May 4th (JLF).

WHOOPER SWAN Cl'gnus Cl'gnus. March 8th, Castleton, one (PGB's); Dec. 27th, Winforton, four (FY).

PINK-FOOTED GOOSE Anser brachl'rhvnchus. Jan. 6th, Castleton, three with Canada Goose flock (PGG) and two there on Feb. 15th (CO). HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 343

WHITE-FRONTED GOOSE Anser albifrons. April 6th, West Malvern, small party heard flying over at night - presumably late departures from Slimbridge (PGG); Dec. 21st, Castleton, one with Canada Goose flock (KAM); Dec. 27th, Winforton Wye, two adults and a juvenile (FY).

GREYLAG GOOSE Anser anser. Dec. 26th/27th, Winforton Wye, a single with Canada Geese (FY).

CANADA GOOSE Branta canadensis. Breeding confirmed at Moccas Park (AM) and Stretton Sugwas SP (AAS) and pairs with young noted at Brampton Bryan and Criftin Ford (MFP). At Castleton the maxima counts were: Jan. 280; Feb. 50+; Oct. 120+; Dec. 220 and at Criftin Ford Bridge area the maxima counts were: Jan. 225; Feb. 90; April 40; Nov. 250+' The only other large counts reported were: Jan. 23rd, Hampton Bishop, 26; March 29th, Kentchester, 20; Oct. 23rd, Holme Marsh, c50 to NE; Dec. 27th, Winforton Wye, 40+. Elsewhere I - 5 birds noted at Broomy Pool, Eastnor Park, Leach Pool and Sink Green.

BRENT GOOSE Branta hernicla. Dec. 13th, Loxters Pool (Castleton), ajuvenile (KAM's/ EAM's); Dec. 18th, Hampton Bishop, a single unringed bird flew in from north (JLF).

SHELDUCK Tadorna tadorna. Dec. 24th, Castleton, three (KAM).

WIGEON Anas penelope. Jan. 16th, Sink Green, 24 and c40 there on Jan. 22nd (JLF); Jan. 24th, Castleton, clOO but only two there on Jan.3lst (AJS's); Jan. 25th, Criftin Ford, c80 (CO) and 65 there on March 11th (TW); Feb. 15th, Letton, 100+ (CO); March 8th, a single at Castleton (PGB's) and dO at Kenchester on the same date which remained there until March 29th (G RG / JG). The first reported during the second winter period were 18 at Castleton on Dec. 5th (AM). Dec. 13th, Linton, nine (PGG); Dec. 18th, Kentchester, 40 (PJE); Dec. 24th, Castleton, c80 (KAM); Dec. 25th, Winforton Wye, max. 10 (FY).

GADWALL Anas strepera. Jan. 31st, Castleton, three drakes (AJS's); Feb. 6th, Sink Green, a single drake; Feb. 7th, Hampton Bishop, a pair on pond (JLF); Oct. 14th, Eywood, a pair (AJS's); Dec. 6th, Hampton Bishop, a pair on pond; Dec. 8th, Holme Lacy Wye, two drakes (JLF); Dec. 13th, Linton, 59 (PGG).

TEAL Anas crecca. The larger counts during the year were: Jan. 6th, Castleton, 65 (PGG); March 19th, Sink Green, 12 (JLF); Sept. 6th, Leach Pool, c20 and 20 at Letton on the same date (CO); Nov. 18th, Kenchester, 30 (PJE); Dec. 13th, Linton, 12 (PGG). Records involving I- 10 birds come from Hampton Bishop, Holme Lacy, Mathon SP, Moccas Park, Stretton Sugwas SP, Thruxton and Wilton. 344 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

MALLARD Anas platyrhynchos. A common breeding resident. The larger counts were: Aug. 4th, Mathon SP, 70 - an exceptional number for this locality (PGG); Sept. 6th, Leach Pool, c50 and c50 at Letton on the same date (CO); Dec. 5th, Castleton, 20(GCC); Dec. 13th, Linton, 107 (PGG).

POCHARD Aythyaferina. Jan. 23rd, Sink Green, a single drake (JLF); Jan. 29th, Wilton Wye, a single duck (WOO); Feb. 15th, Letton, 40 (CO); Nov. 10th, Eywood, two drakes and a duck (AJS's); Dec. 18th, Leintwardine, 26 (IBE's).

TUFTED DUCK Aythyafuligula. Recorded throughout the year, the only large counts were: Jan. 22nd, Sink Green, 11 (JLF); Feb. 9th, Shobdon, c20(GRG/JG); Feb. 15th, Letton, 30 (CO) and Sept. 6th, Leach Pool, c20 (CO). Elsewhere I- 10 birds noted at Brampton Bryan, Broomy Pool, Criftin Ford, Glewstone Pool, Hampton Bishop, Kenchester, Letton, Linton, Mathon SP, Moccas and Wilton. Paired birds noted prior to and during the breeding season at Brampton Bryan, Broomy Pool, Kenchester and Moccas but no confirmed breeding reported.

GOLDENEYE Bucephala clangula. Jan. 24th, Castleton, four 'brownheads' and a single drake (AJS's) and a single drake at Criftin Ford on the same date (WHDW); Jan. 28th, Sink Green, a single 'brownhead' (JLF); Jan. 31st, Castleton, seven including four drakes - display noted (AJS's); Feb. 1st, Foy, a single 'brownhead' (GRG/lG); Dec. 5th, Castleton, six (GCC); Dec. 20th, Winforton Wye, a single 'brownhead' (FV); Dec. 24th, Castleton, seven (KAM); Dec. 27th, Winforton Wye, one (FV).

RED-BREASTED MERGANSER Mergus serrator. Jan. 23rd, Hampton Bishop, a pair well viewed on water and in flight - the first to be recorded at this locality in sixteen years (JLF).

GOOSANDER Mergus merganser. For the first time records cover all months of the year and come from Bodenham GP, Castleton, Criftin Ford area, Downton, Eywood, Holme Lacy, Holme Marsh, Leintwardine, Shobdon, Sink Green, Wilton Wye (the firsi to be noted at this locality) and \Vinforton \Vyc. A single female 'summered' at one locality. The larger counts were: Jan. 6th, Shobdon, 14; Jan. 24th, Sink Green, 28; Jan. 31st, Criftin Ford area, 36 and 48 (including 16 drakes) there on Feb. 13th; Feb. 17th, Eywood, 16; Feb. 20th, Criftin Ford, 20; Feb. 22nd, Castleton, 23; March 11th, Criftin Ford, 10, April 3rd, Castleton, 12; April 18th, Leintwardine, 28; Sept. 26th, Castleton, 14 'redheads' and 30 there on Oct. 3rd; Dec. 3rd, Eywood, 13; Dec. 15th, Holme Lacy, 12. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 345

RUDDY DUCK OXl'urajamaicensis. May 25th, Mathon SP, a single drake (PGG); Sept. 6th, Leach Pool, a pair and a juvenile (CO).

HEN HARRIER Circus cyaneus. Nov. 22nd, FoyI Hole-in-the-Wall, a 'ringtail' watched hunting (KA M's).

GOSHAWK Accipiter gentilis. A pair noted in east of the County on June 27th and a pair in central Herefordshire on Oct. 17th.

SPARROWHAWK Accipiter nisus. Widely reported throughout the year from 25 localities. All records are of single birds except for a pair noted at Brilley Jan. - June (WL-S). A male trapped in garden netting a Dewsall on May 1st was released unharmed (WAC). Among the avian prey taken were Blackbird, Collared Dove, Tit sp and Woodpigeon. A juvenile heard calling at Cother Wood on Aug. 9th (DP).

BUZZARD Buteo buteo. Recorded throughout the year from 32 localities widely distributed throughout the County and breeding confirmed at' four sites and possibly bred at a fifth. The larger counts were: Jan. 7th, Kidley Hill (Bolstone), four (PGG); Feb. 27th, Titley, seven (AJS's); Feb. 28th, Foy, three (PJK); March, 2nd, Holme Marsh, four (AJS); March 20th, St. Owen's Cross, three (WOD); March 21st, Olchon, four (IBE's); April 19th, Craswell, four (GRG/JG); July 4th, Dewsall, five (WAC); Sept. 24th, Ladyegrove, six (WHDW); Oct. 12th, Stretford Bridge, five (PG). Oct. - Dec, Goodrichl Coppett Hill, three (RD).

KESTREL Fa/co tinnuncu/us. No apparent change in status reported and recorded throughout the year from 21 localities widely distributed throughout the C{)unty. No breeding records received but undoubtedly bred in suitable areas. Ed.

MERLIN Fa/co co/umharius. A single noted in suitable habitat in spring.

HOBBY Fa/co suhbuteo. Possibly bred at one locality and singles noted at four other localities May 5th - A'ug. 26th (cL 1986 dates). 346 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

PEREGRINE Fa/co perigrinus. The well watched pair at Symonds Vat raised four young one of which was later found shot and taken to Newent Falconry Centre where it eventually made a complete recovery and was released back into the wild. Adults and young from this site regularly seen in the area. Records of single birds from eight other localities, two in first winter period, two in spring,"one in early summer and three in autumn/ second winter period.

RED GROUSE Lagopus /agopus. Oct. 17th, Olchon, three (KAM).

RED-LEGGED PARTRIDGE A/ec/oris ruta. The larger counts were: Jan. 2nd, Shobdon, nine (I BE's); Jan. 7th, Carey, II (PGG); Jan. 23rd, Bridstow, ten (WOO); Nov. 14th, Bush Bank, covey of II (WHDW). Pair with young noted at Woonton on July 8th (AJS) and 1-3 birds noted during the year at Brockhampton, Bredwardine, Ladyegrove, Leintwardine, Mathon SP, Shobdon and Winforton.

GREY PARTRIDGE Perdix perdix. Jan. 31st, Castleton, one (AJS); Feb. 28th, Allensmore, pair and a pair at Kington on the same date (WAC); March 20th, Clock Mill, pair (AJS's); April 18th, Hampton Bishop, pair (JLF); April 21 st, Holme Marsh, calling and subsequently bred (AJS); April 26th, Tyberton, calling (PGB); May 15th, Coddington, pair (ID's); June 13th, Brampton Bryan, pair with seven young (MFP); Oct. 3rd, Bredwardine, nine and two at Blakemere on the same date (AM); Oct. 12th, Holme Marsh, covey of eight (AJS's); Nov. 29th, Holme Lacy, two; Dec. 5th, Sink Green, four (JLF); Dec. 27th, Winforton, covey of ten (FV). Noted occasionally onarable land at Coppett Hill during the year (RD).

QUAIL Co1Urnix co/urnix. July 23rd - Aug. 9th, Tretire, two calling from corn (WOO).

PHEASANT Phasianus co/chicus. A common breeding resident.

WATER RAIL Rallus aqua/icus. Jan. 14th, Shobdon Decoy Pool, one found dead in road (RNO); Dec. 8th, Hampton Bishop, one at edge of Wye (JLF).

MOORHEN Gallinu/a ch/oropus. Breeding noted at Coddington, Criftin Ford, Leintwardine, Mathon SP, Moccas Park, Shobdon (four broods) and Stretton Sugwas SP and birds recorded at Goodrich, Kenchester and Wormelow. Small numbers also present on various farm pools throughout the County and also noted along the river systems. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 347

COOT Fulica alra. Breeding confirmed at Aymestrey Fish Pools (five pairs, of which at least two pairs were double brooded), Brampton Bryan (three broods), Moccas Park, Shobdon (four broods) and Wormelow. Other records come from Eywood, Glewstone, Kenchester, Linton and Wilton and noted on various farm pools throughout the County. The largest count was 44 at Linton on Dec. 13th (PGG).

OYSTERCATCHER Haemalopus oslra/egus. A single noted at Winforton in August (FY) and a single at Hergest Ridge on Oct. 23rd (G. Hill, per JLF).

LITTLE RINGED PLOVER Charadrius dubiu.l'. A pair displaying in suitable habitat on April 26th and a single in east of County on Aug. 31 st.

GOLDEN PLOVER P/uvia/i.l' apricaria. Jan. 3rd, Marden, 15 (IBE's); March 8th, Castleton, 18 (PGB); March 13th, Holme Marsh, three to NE (AJS); March 15th, Tretire, c30 some of which were coming into summer plumage (WOO); Nov. 8th, Winforton, one (FY); Nov. 15th, Shobdon, 30 (IBE's); Dec. 26th, near Woonton, c20 in flight (AJS).

LAPWING Vanellus vanellus. The only confirmed breeding report was from Mathon SP (DP) and probably bred at Winforton (FY). Winter flocks were similar in size to those in 1986 and the larger counts were: Jan. 2nd, Whitecross, Hereford, 100+ (IBE's); March 8th, Hampton Bishop, c300 (JLF); Sept. 19th, Mansel Lacy, clOO (BS's); Oct. Ist, Hampton Bishop, c100 (JLF); Nov. 10th, Allensmore, 200+ (IBE's). Flocks of 10 - 100 birds noted at Allensmore, Bishopstone, Castleton, Holme Marsh, Kenchester, Pontrilas, Three Elmsand Woonton.

DUNLIN Calidris a/pina. Jan. 24th, Castleton, one in winter plumage (AJS) and four there on March 8th (PGB).

JACK SNIPE Lymnocryptes minimus. Jan. 4th, Mathon SP, one (PGG); Feb. 22nd, Castleton, a single flushed three times (AJS's); Dec. 20th, Mathon SP, one (PGG).

SNIPE Gallinago gallinago. Although rec0rded from more localities than usual generally a poor year with no large gatherings reported. Records of I - 8 birds from Castleton, Garway Common, Hampton Bishop, Kenchester, Linton, Llanwarne, Mathon, Michaelchurch, Preston-on-Wye, St. Owen's Cross, Sink Green, Wilton and Winforton. One taken by Peregrine at Castleton on April 10th (AJS's). 348 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

WOODCOCK Sc%pax rustico/a. Ladye Grove Wood, a single on Jan. 24th and Feb. 12th, two on Feb. 20th and a single on March I~th (WH DW); April 23rd, West Malvern, 3/4 heard along.County boundary (PGG); May 13th, Mansel Lacy, one (JLF); Dec. 26th, Callow, one (I BE's).

WHIMBREL Numenius phaeopus. May 31st, Holme Marsh, a late p.assage bird - pursued by local Curlews (AJS).

CURLEW Numenius arquata. 1- 8 birds reported March - Aug. from AlIensmore, Castleton, Criftin Ford, Devereux Park, Ewyas Harold, Holme Marsh, Leintwardine, Lye Court Farm, Monkland, Newton St. Margarets, West Malvern area and Winforton. The only confirmed breeding was at Holme Marsh (AJS) but possibly bred at Winforton (FY).

REDSHANK Tringa totanus. Jan. 31st, Castleton, one (AJS's); July 23rd, Hampton Bishop, one (JLF).

GREENSHANK Tringa nebu/aria. Castleton, four on Sept. 9th (AM); Mathon SP, singles on Aug. 23rd, 3 Ist and Sept. 5th, two on Sept. 6th and singles on Sept. 13th and 20th (DP/PGG).

GREEN SANDPIPER Tringa ochropus. Castleton, max. two birds Jan. - April an'd a single on Octo 25th (AJS's et al). Hampton Bishop/ Sink Green Wye, singles noted March -. April and Sept. ­ Dec. (JLF). Elsewhere five where noted at Letton on Sept. 6th (CO) and singles at Criftin Ford on Jan. 25th (CO), Holme Lacy on Aug. 16th (JLF) and Leintwardine on Dec. 18th (IBE's). A less than average year. Ed.

COMMON SANDPIPER Actitis h.lJJOleucos. The first returning birds reported were a single at Castleton on April 15th (AJS's) and two at Sink Green on April 17th (JLF), and reported during the summer/early autumn from Eywood, Foy, Leach Pool, Letton, Mathon and Sellack. Eight pairs noted on Teme between Brampton Bryan and Criftin Ford on June 13th (MFP) and breeding also confirmed at Winforton Wye (two pairs) (FY). The larger counts were: Castleton, four on June 4th, six on 27th, five on July 4th and four on Sept. 2nd (AM); Hampton Bishop, five on Aug. 24th (JLF). Late singletons were noted at Kenchester on act. 21st (PJE) and Sink Green on Nov. 5th (JLF). HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 349

BLACK-HEADED GULL Larus ridibundus. Noted throughout the year, the larger counts were: Feb. 15th, Castleton, cl 000 flying up Wye Valley to roost at LIangorse/Talybont (AMI AJS); Feb. Eardisley, cl20 (DYB); March 20th, Clifford, min. 630 in roost flight (AJS); July 4th, Castleton, 70+ (AM), Aug. 10th, Tupsley, 100+ feeding on flying ants Lasius niger (lBE's); Oct. 4th, Mathon, cl50 (DP).

COMMON GULL Larus ('anus. The larger counts were: Jan. 18th, St. Owen's Cross, c50 (WOD); Feb. 20th, Bosbury, 29 (PGG); March 18th, Mansel Lacy, c30 and a similar number at Yazor on the same date; March 20th, Clifford, min. 20 in roost flight with Black-headed Gulls; March 22nd, Holme Marsh, c200 from Severn roost (AJS); March 27th, Lugg Meadows, clOO (DP); March 29th, Sellack, c300 (WOD) and 172 at Eastnor Park on the same date (PGG); March 30th, Hampton Bishop, 95 increasing to max. 150 on April 11 th (JLF); April 2nd, Wilton, clOO (WOO); April 5th, Eastnor Park, 125 (PGG).

LESSER BLACK-BACKED GULL Larusfuscus. Jan. 31 st, Castleton, two; Feb. 14th, Holme Marsh, eight on passage - first sign of movement in this area; Feb. 22nd, Castleton, four (including two 1st winter birds), two there on April 10th and four on April 15th (AJS's); July 4th, Castleton, one (AM); Sept. 16th, Yazor, c60 on plough (including clO 1st year birds (AJS); Oct. 4th, Mathon, seven (DP); Oct. 21st, Ullingswick, one (HTR).

HERRING GULL Larus argentatus. Oct. 4th, Mathon, two (DP).

STOCK DOVE Calumba aenas A common breeding resident throughout the County.

WOODPIGEON Calumba palumbus. Widespread throughout the County. The only large counts reported were: Jan. 10th, St. Owen's Cross, c300 (WOD); Nov. 23rd, Coppett Hill, 160+ (RD); Nov. 25th, near Cusop, c2000 seen entering wood late afternoon (AJS). 350 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 19117

COLLARED DOVE SfreplOpelia decaoC/lJ.

A common breeding resident. widely distributed throughout the County. The larger counts were: Nov. 4th. Holme Marsh. min. 40 (AJS); Nov. 14th. Halmonds Frome. c80 at roost in old orchards (PGG): Nov. 2Jrd. Bridge Sollars, c100 (PJE).

TURTLE DOVE Sfrepfope/ia furfur. The first reported were two in song at Ragged Stone on May 16th (PGG). May 29th. Ashen Coppice. Evesbatch, three in song: June 7th et subseq. Mathon. one (PGG): June 14th. Brilley. in song (WL-S): June 25th. Holme Lacy. one (JLF); July 2nd. Coddington. one (ED's): July 7th. Lower Lye. pair (AJS). Also reported from Bringsty Common and Bromyard Downs (SD).

ClICKOO Cucu/UJ CUl1orUJ. First noted on April 21st at Burghill (GRG JG). L1anwarne (PJK) and SI. Owen's Cross (WOD) and recorded thereafter from 15 localities widely distributed throughout the County. Adults last noted on June 21 st at Brilley (WL-S) and West Malvern (PGG) and ajuvenile seen at Michaelchurch on Aug. 24th (WOD).

BARN OWL hlU a/ha. An excellent year with a further increase in the number of birds recorded. Breeding confirmed at Fay and L1anwarne and a juvenile found roosting at Eardisley. Elsewhere pairs were noted at Eaton Bishop Common and Yarsop and single birds reported during the year from Bartestree. Eyton Common, Goodrich. Hampton Bishop. Honeymoor Common. Kinnersley area. Perrystone. Pontrilas. near Vowchurch. Welsh Newton. Winforton and Withington. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 351

LITTLE OWL A thene noctua. Common and widespread throughout the County with no apparent change in status reported. Records are numerous and cover all months of the year.

TAWNY OWL Strix alum. Breeding confirmed at Almeley (YMJ), Holme Marsh (AJS), Ladye Grove (WHDW) and Winforton (FY) and young birds noted Mathon/West Malvern area (PGG). 3 - 6 birds regularly seen at Winforton (FY), three seen at Dewsall on Feb. 20th (WAC) and singles noted during the year at Broomy Hill, Callow, Castleton, Coddington, Dorstone, Goodricharea, How Caple, Tupsley, Whitbourne Court and Vat Rock area. .

LONG-EARED OWL Asio otus. Dinmore area, a single noted on two occasions in mid-summer (LC).

SWIFT Apus apus. The first arrivals were noted on May 1st with 17 at Clifford (AJS's), 12 at Hampton Bishop (JLF) and two at Wilton (WOD). May9th, Hereford, c50 (G RG/ JG); May 24th, Fownhope Wye, 100+ (AJS's). Main departure occurred Aug. 5th - 12th with 100+ noted at Holme Marsh on 5th (AJS's) and cl50 moving south at St. Martins, Hereford on 10th (AM). Thereafter mainly single birds recorded and last noted at Hampton Bishop on Sept. 22nd (JLF).

KINGFISHER Alcedo atthis.

Recorded throughout the year from the Wye at Castleton (max. 2 on Sept. 26th and Octo 25th), Hampton Bishop, Hampton Dene meadows (max. 2 on May 16th), Hole-in-the-Wall, Holme Lacy, Sink Green, Whitney and Wilton. Elsewhere records mainly of single birds come from Coddington, the Dulas at Ewyas Harold (bred), Huntington, Kenchester, Llangarron, Uanwarne, Lyonshall and Mathon SP (max. 2 on Sept. 6th). 352 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

HOOPOE Upupa epops. May 27th, Bockleton, one (Mr. Aitken).

WRYNECK lynx torquilla. June 29th, one in observer's garden at Bromyard (Miss I. Muir, per DGB).

GREEN WOODPECKER Picus viridis. Breeding noted at Ladye Grove (WHDW) and Lower Breinton (WMG) and recorded throughout the year from Bishopstone, Castleton, Dewsall, Ewyas Harold, Goodrich, Hentland, Hollybush, Huntington, Llanwarne, Mathon SP, Moccas and Winforton.

GREAT SPOTTED WOODPECKER Dendrocopos major. Resident and breeding and widely reported throughout the year with records from Bosbury, Bridstow, Broomy Hill, Burghill, Castleton, Coddington, Dewsall, Ewyas Harold, Holmer, Kenchester, Ladye Grove, Mathon SP, Moccas, Queens Wood (Dinmore), Sellack, Welsh Newton, West Malvern area and Winforton.

LESSER SPOTTED WOODPECKER Dendrocopos minor. Jan. 5th, Hampton Bishop, one (JLF); Jan./Feb., Staunton-on-Arrow, noted (PME); Feb. 12th, Hampton Bishop, a male(PGB)and a pair courting there on March 24th (JLF); June 29th, Holme Marsh, a single and noted again July 13th - 28th (AJS); Aug. Cusop, noted (GCC); Sept. 18th, Titley, one (AJS); Sept. 27th, near Mathon Church, one (per PGG); early Oct. Dilwyn, noted (PG); Dec. 24th, Hampton Bishop, one (JLF).

SKYLARK Alauda arvensis. Jan. 5th, Hampton Bishop, c250 flying over (JLF); Jan. 6th, Castleton, 15 (PGG); Jan. 10th, St. Owen's Cross, c50.(WOD). Several pairs noted breeding at Castleton (AM) and Winforton (FV). Coppett Hill, song flight occasionally noted (RD); Sept. 21 st, Holme Marsh, first passage birds noted (AJS); Oct. 19th -26th, Bishopstone, 16 on stubble - at least four in song (PJE); Oct. 25th, Castleton, four (AM); Nov. 28th, Huntington, three (IP); Dec. 25th, Winforton, song noted and max. 30 there on Dec. 27th (FV); Dec. 28th, Huntington, six (IP).

SAND MARTIN Riparia riparia. A single at Hampton Bishop on March 30th (J LF) was the first returning bird to be reported, the main arrival occurring during the first two weeks of April. Following the decline in numbers over recent years it is pleasing to report that '87 saw a significant improvement in numbers and it is to be hoped that the tide has turned. Breeding reported from Aymestrey S P, Castleton, the Teme between Brampton Bryan and Criftin Ford (c25 pairs), Eastnor Castle (max. 20 pairs), Hampton Bishop Wye, Stretton Sugwas SP, Whitney and Winforton Wye (c20 pairs). July 4th, Castleton, 150+ (AM), Sept. 6th, Letton Wye, c30 (CO). HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 353

SWALLOW Hirundo ruslica. The first reported was a single at Kenchester on April 6th (PJ E) and noted daily thereafter with the main arrival occurring mid-April and no significant change in status reported. Post-breeding flocks, as in 1986, were generally small and autumn passage noted mid-Aug. -late Oct. with 153 at St. Owen's Cross on Aug. 22nd (WOD) and 40+ in Oichon Valley on Sept. 12th (IBE's). Last noted at Moorhampton on Oct. 23rd (MAS).

HOUSE MARTIN Delichon urbica. The first reported were five at Leintwardine on April 8th (IBE's) with the main arrival occurring as usual from the middle to the end of April. Breeding numbers again reported to be down in many areas, although at Belmont Abbey there was a further increase from 33 pairs in 1986 to 56 pairs this year. Post-breeding flocks noted as follows: Sept. 1st, Holme Marsh, cl 50 (AJS); Oct. 1st, Goodrich, 350 - 400 (MPW) and c200 at Bishopstone on the same date (PJE). The last noted was a single at Bishopstone on Oct. 17th (PJE).

TREE PIPIT Anthus lrivialis. The first reported were two displaying at Wapley on April 5th (PGB). April 11th, Lower Lye, song; May 6th; Wapley, nine (AJS); May 7th, Dinmore, one (lBE's); May 16th, Ragged Stone Hill, three'in song (PGG); May 20th, Ladye Grove, one singing (WHDW); May 31 st, Bearswood Common, mm. four in song (PGG); Aug. 11th - Sept. 5th, Holme Marsh, passage noted (AJS). Also reported from Goodrich (RD) and Winforton (FV).

MEADOW PIPIT Anthus pralensis. Jan. 4th, Mathon SP, two; Jan. 6th, Castleton, five (PGG); March 10th, Lugg meadows, ten (IBE's) and 60+ there on March 29th (DP); April 3rd, Castleton, six and song noted (AJS's); April 19th, Oichon, ten (GRG/JG). Noted at Castleton during the summer months (AM et al). Sept. 19th, Holme Marsh, c70 passage birds noted in barley stubble (AJS); Oct. 3rd, Castleton, ten (AM); Oct. 4th, Mathon SP, c40 (PGG et al); Oct. 25th, Castleton, 20+ (AM).

YELLOW WAGTAIL MOlaciila flava. Five males at Castleton on April 10th (AJS) were t-he first reported and noted thereafter prior to and during the breeding season at Castleton (bred), Fawley Court, Foy, Hampton Bishop, Kerne Bridge, St Owen's Cross, Stretton Sugwas SP, Tyberton and Winforton (c40 pairs bred). Five pairs noted along the Teme between Brampton Bryart and Leintwardine and a single pair near Criftin Ford on June 13th (MFP). Aug. 15th, Hereford Racecourse, one (BMK); Sept. 16th, Holme Marsh, passage birds last noted (AJS).

GREY WAGTAIL Molacilla cinerea. Noted throughout the year with records from Brilley, Castleton, Coddington, Criftin Ford (bred), Devereux Pool, Dorstone, Hampton Bishop Wye, Kington Arrow, Leintwardine, Letton Wye, Lingen, Mathon SP, Oichon and Sink Green·. 354 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

PIED WAGTAIL Motacilla alba. No reports during the first winter period but undoubtedly present in small numbers in suitable habitat. April 3rd, Castleton, four and ten there on April 15th (AJS's); April 26th, Brilley, nesting and pair with young noted there on June 21 st (WL-S); Belmont Abbey, two pairs nested (DAM); Sept. 6th Mathon SP, c20 and the same number there on Sept. 20th (PGG); Nov. 17th, Hampton Bishop, noted mobbing a large bat (lBE's); Dec. 9th, Barrs Court area, Hereford, c40 noted on roost flight (AJS's). A single White Wagtail M. a. alba was seen at Castleton on April 10th (AJS).

WAXWING Bombycilla garrulus. Of the seven first noted at Ledbury on Dec. 31st, 1986 two remained in the same area until Jan. 20th (PGB's et al). A single noted in garden at Foley Street, Hereford cFeb. 19th (per PGB).

DIPPER Cinclus cinclus. Jan.jFeb., Staunton-on-Arrow, noted (PJE); Feb. 11th, Dorstone, pair on Ponte Weston Brook (EAM); April 24th, Gladestry, one (JVF); June 13th, a single along the Teme near Leintwardine (MFP). Two pairs bred Lyepole and both males noted in song in Sept. (AJS's). Dec. 27th, Downtown, two on Teme (per PGG).

WREN Troglodytes troglodytes. Jan. Checkley, ten noted roosting in House Martin's nest and a further 15 in two nest boxes during cold spell (per CWW); Jan. 14th - 20th, Dorstone, four roosting in nest box (EAM). Generally well distributed throughout the County during the year and breeding season comparable with 1986.

DUNNOCK Prunella modularis. A common breeding resident, well distributed throughout the County. At Holme Marsh on July 10th AJS observed ajuvenile-plumaged bird in song­ a Robin-like sound uttered over several minutes.

ROBIN Erithacus rubecula. A common resident widely distributed throughout the County and a good breeding season reported.

NIGHTINGALE Luscinia megarhynchos. No reports from usual areas this year. Ed.

BLACK REDSTART Phoenicurus ochruros. Jan. 19th - 23rd, Bartestree, a male and'a female visited garden on separate occasions, never together (Mr. Birch). HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 355

REDSTART Phoenicurus phoenicurus. The first reported was a male at Titley on April 13th (AJS's) and widely reported during last week of April and early May. Breeding noted at Brilley (WL-S) and Welsh Newton (FMP) and singing males noted at Brampton Bryan (eight), Evesbatch (two), How Caple Court, Leintwardine (three) and Ragged Stone Hill (PGG et al). WHINCHAT Saxicola rubetra. April 24th, Gladestry, one in song (JLF); May 2nd, Winforton, a male on passage (FV); Aug. 22nd, Hampton Bishop, one (JLF). A less than average year. Ed.

WHEATEAR Oenanthe oenanthe. April 3rd, CastJeton, a male and a female (AJS's); April 5th, Hampton Bishop, a male and two females (J LF), three on Bradnor Hill (PGB) and also noted Olchon Valley (KAM) on the same date; April 10th, Castleton, a female; June 22nd, Mansel Lacy, a male (AJS's); Aug. 6th, Kingsland, one; Aug. 8th, Uphampton (Shobdon), a female (RNO); Aug. 26th, Hampton Bishop, two (JLF); Sept. 26th, Castleton, a juvenile (AM). A single male of the Greenland race O. o. leucorrhoa was seen at Castleton on April 15th (AJS).

RING OUZEL Turdus torquatus. April 5th, Olchon, a male (KAM); April 16th, Cusop Hill, three (GCC); Oct. 17th, Olchon, clO (KAM); Oct. 20th, near Letton, a male on roadside hedge (SATR).

BLACKBIRD Tl.U'dus merula. A common breeding resident. March 21st, near Thruxton, an 'albino' bird noted (lBE's); Oct. 21st, Holme Marsh, a notable overnight and early morning movement of several species, including Blackbirds; Nov. 21st, Holme Marsh, another good fall of thrushes, including a notable number of Blackbirds. On both these occasions the birds involved remained for only a brief period before moving on (AJS).

FIELDFARE Turdus pilaris. The larger flocks during the first winter period were: Jan. 1st, Hampton Bishop, c200 (JLF); Jan. 6th, Lyonshall, 70; Jan. 7th, Homend Park, Stretton Grandison, c200, Holme Lacy Church, c100, Yarkhill, c 100, Hoarwithy, 78 (PGG); Jan. 16th, Tupsley, c50 (JLF); Feb. 20th, Beacon Hill, Bosbury, cl 50 (PGG) and c50 at Callow on the same date (WAC); March 8th, Kenchester, cl50 (GRGjJG); March 20th, Castleton, cl20 (AJS); March 26th, Burghill, cl50 (GRG/JG); April 5th, Hampton Bishop, c70 (JLF). One noted carrying nesting material near St. Owen's Cross on March 24th (WOD). The last noted in spring were six at Hampton Bishop on April 11th (JLF). The first returning bird reported in autumn was a single in Olchon Valley on Oct. 17th (KAM). Widespread throughout Nov./ Dec. the larger flocks as follows: Nov. 4th, Bishopstone, c100 (PJE); Nov. 17th, Sink Green, 300+ (lBE's); Nov. 27th, Hampton Bishop, c500 (JLF); Dec. 13th, Linfon, clOD; Dec. 20th, Mathon SP. c 150 (PGG). 356 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

SONG THRUSH Turdus philamelos. Resident and breeding. Jan. 11th, c40 noted between Hay and Hereford (PGB); April 16th, Hollybush, one in song (MA). Two pairs bred Belmont Abbey (DAM) and also bred at Holme Marsh (AJS). Oct. 21st, Holme Marsh, small number in with other migrant thrushes during overnight and early morning movement (AJS).

REDWING Turdus iliacus.

Noted in significant fewer numbers than Fieldfares during both 1st winter/ spring and autumn/2nd winter periods. The larger counts were: Jan. 1st, Hampton Bishop, c50(JLF); Jan. 4th, Mathon SP, c60; Jan. 7th, Holme Lacy Church, c50 (PGG); March 23rd, Burghill, c50 (GRG/JG). Last noted in spring were c20 at Holme Marsh on April 2nd (AJS). The first birds ofthe autumn to be reported were two flying west at Holme Marsh on Sept. 30th (AJS). Nov. 5th, Welsh Bicknor, 150+ (RD); Dec. 20th, Mathon SP, c 120; Dec. 27th, Upper Colwall, cl50 (PGG).

MISTLE THRUSH Turdus l'lscil'orus. Resident and breeding. At Brilley a pair raised two broods in Yew tree Taxus ban'ala (WL-S) and breeding also reported at Broomy Hill (WMG) and Sarnesfield (AJS). July 23rd, Liuley Coppice (West Malvern), nine (PGG); Aug. 17th, St. Owen's Cross, 41 overhead and calling (WOD); Nov. 12th, Coppeu Hill, 12 (RD).

SEDGE WARBLER Acrocephalus schoenobaenus. April 26th, Weston Farm pool, Bredwardine, two in song (PGB) and 8 - 10 pairs subsequently bred there (FV); May 5th, Wilton Wye, one in song; May 7th, Bridstow, one singing from ditch (WOD); May 9th, Sho.bdon, one in song (CO); May 10th, Foy Bridge, one in song (PGG). Six pairs bred Winforton Wye (FV) and three pairs noted in Wilton area and two pairs at Sellack during breeding season (WOD); July 4th, Castleton, one called briefly (AM). HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 357

REED WARBLER Acrocepha/us scirpaceus. 2 - 3 pairs bred Weston Farm pool, Bredwardine and 1-2 pairs along bank of Winforton Wye (FY). 7 - 8 singing males at Shobdon on July 4th (MFP).

DARTFORD WARBLER SF/via undata.

,,:;',\iti<:~t~~. A' I .-.'rtpli~:f(.:1i/r(;;'1fii!nI"\:,+'. ~r:::j:j;l /)" 24th May - June 1st, a male heard and seen in suitable habitat at an undisclosed locality. Display flight noted and song was taped by observer. This is a remarkable first record for the County, being well outside its normal range (Surrey, Hants and Dorset). Ed.

LESSER WHITETHROAT Sy/via curruca. A single at Tretire on April 25th (WOD) was the first to be reported. May 4th, Hampton Bishop, four (JLF); May 2nd, Holme Marsh, first noted and in song (AJS); May 13th, Michaelchurch EscIey, one (JLF); singles in song at Bridstow on May 14th and St. Owen's Cross on May 16th (WOD); May 25th, Mathon SP, one in song; May 28th, Carey, two in song (PGG); June 13th, singing males at Leintwardine and Criftin Ford (MFP); June 20th, Eastnor area, one in song; June 27th, Mathon SP, family party of four (PGG). Noted breeding at Dewsall in July (WAC) and also noted at Goodrich (RD). The last reported was a single at Mathon SP on Sept. 6th (PGG).

WHITETHROAT Sy/via communis. The first returning bird reported was one at Ewyas Harold on April 23rd (RGD). April 25th, Tretire, two and a single at Three Ashes (WOD); April 28th, Preston-on-Wye, four (JLF); May 6th, Wapley, min. 12 males in song (AJS); May 16th, Ragged Stone Hill, two in song; May 31st, Bearswood Common, seven in song (PGG); June 13th, Leintwardine - Criftin Ford, 10 singing males (MFP); July 1st, CIifford, six pairs located (AJS); seven males in territory in Winforton area during breeding season (FV). A pair bred at Bridstow (WOD) and birds also noted at Belmont Abbey (DAM), Burghill (GRG/JG), Huntington (AJS) and Risbury (PGB). 358 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

GARDEN WARBLER S.I'Ma horin. A single at Mansel Lacy on April 27th and two at Brilley on 28th (JVF) and noted thereafter during May at Bearswood Common. Carey. CIifford. Evesbatch (Ashen <;:,oppice and Merrells Wood). Ladye Grove. Lyonshall. Mathon SP. Ragged Stone Hill. Titley and Wapley (PGG et al). June 13th. 14 singing males between Brampton Bryan and Criftin Ford (M FP).

BLACKCAP SY"'ia atricapilla. Jan. - March. over-wintering birds noted at Breinton Common (two males. one female). Burghill (a female). Hereford (a male). Holmer (a male) and Tupsley (a male and a female). First spring migrdnt to be reported was at Goodrich on April 6th (RD) with the main arrival occurring late April- mid­ May: The last noted in autumn was a single at Welsh Newton on Sept. 28th (M M). During the second winter period one noted in T upsley area Dec. 10th - 31 st (I BE's).

WOOD WARBLER Ph.l'lIoscopus sihilatrix.

April 21st, Ladye Grove, a male in song (WHDW); April 26th, Lyonshall, several in song (PGB); April 27th. Michaelchurch Escley. c5 and a single at Mansel Lacy (JVF); May 7th, Storridge, two singing (PGG) and noted at Dinmore on the same date (lBE's); May 25th, Bredwardine. one in song (WOO); June 13th, Brampton Bryan Park. a male in song (M FP). Breeding noted at Moccas Park (AM).

CHIFFCHAFF Phy/loscopus co/l.l'hita. Singles at Burghill (GRG/JG) and Goodrich (RD) on April 1st were thefirst to be reported and thereafter widely distributed throughout ihe County. The last noted were a single at Brinsop in full song (AJS's) and a 'grey' individual, possibly northern race P. ('. ahietinus. at St. Martins. Hereford (A M) on Oct. 5th. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 359

WILLOW WARBLER Phy/loscopus trochi/us. The first reported was at Goodrich on April 6th (RD) and widely distributed throughout the County thereafter. Sept. 2nd, Holme Marsh, an overnight 'fall' of warblers, mostly this species but including some Whitethroats; Sept. 18th, three at Titley were the last to be reported (AJS).

GOLDCREST Regu/u.l' regu/us. Reported during the year from Broomy Hill, Castleton, Common Hill, Goodrich, Hampton Bishop, Tupsley, Wapley, Welsh Newton 'and Winforton.

SPOTTED FLYCATCHER Muscicapa striata. A single at Ragged Stone Hill on May 16th (PGG) was the first noted. Recorded at Belmont Abbey (eight pairs bred), Brilley (bred), Broomy Hill (bred), Burrington, Castleton, Coddington (bred), Colwall Church, Dewsall (bred), Evesbatch, Goodrich, Lower Breinton, Lyepole, Mathon SP, Munstone, Walterstone, Whitbourne Court and Winforton (bred). 10 singing males between Brampton Bryan and Criftin Ford on June 13th and five singing males in the Shobdon area on July 4th (MFP). The last noted were three at Goodrich on Sept. 20th (RD).

PIED FLYCATCHER Ficedu/a hypo/euca. The first reported were two in Olchon Valley on April 19th (GRGi JG) and subsequently recorded from Dinmore, Eastnor Castle, Eywood, Haugh Wood, Ladye Grove (bred), L1angarron, Ragged Stone Hill and St. Wultstan's Wood (bred). See also Nest-box Scheme and Ringing Reports.

LONG-TAILED TIT Aegitha/os caudatus. Widely reported throughout the year, the larger flocks were as follows: May 31st, Bearswood Common, 12; June 20th, Cradley Brook - Mathon SP, 26 (PGG); Octo 13th, Hampton Bishop, 21 (JLF) and c20 at Byford on the same date (PJE); Nov. 3rd, Wilton, 11 (WOD); Dec. 20th, Mathon SP, ciD (PGG).

MARSH TIT Parus pa/ustris. Resident and breeding. Reported to be very common in some areas and noted throughout the year in suitable habitat. Noted at winter feeding station at Brilley on Jan. 15th (WL-S).

WILLOW TIT Parus montanus. Resident and breeding and recorded throughout the year in suitable habitat. Breeding numbers in north-west of County back to normal (AJS), (cf. 1986 Report). 360 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

COAL TIT Parus ater. Resident and breeding and recorded throughout the year. Noted at feeding stations during first winter period at Ewyas Harold (RGD) and L1anwarne (PJK). Numbers in north-west of County relatively stable over past three years (AJS).

BLUE TIT Parus caeruleus. A very common breeding resident. See also Nest-box Scheme Report.

GREAT TIT Parus major. A common breeding resident and no apparent change in status reported. See also Nest-box Scheme Report.

NUTHATeH Sitta europaea. Resident and breeding and recorded throughout the year with good numbers noted in a,reas visited. Noted at feeding stations at Goodrich (RD) and Welsh Newton (FMP). See also Nest-box Scheme Report.

TREECREEPER C£>rthia familia'ris. Resident and breeding and recorded throughout the year with no apparent change in status reported.

JA Y Garrulus glandarius. Resident and breeding and reported to be more common than previously at Goodrich (RD). At Belmont Abbey qne was seen with a young bird in its beak being mobbed by several small birds (DAM).

MAGPIE Pica pica. A very common and widespread breeding resident: At Almeley birds were observed burying food and subsequently watched recovering it (per VMJ).

JACKDAW Corvus monedula. A common breeding resident. Jan. 24th, Castleton/ Merbach area, c200; Jan. 25th, near Marston, c300; July 5th, Holme Marsh area, c120; Dec. 26th, Sarnesfield, c400 (AJS's). Flocks of c80 noted at Goodrich during the year (RD).

ROOK Corvus frugilegus. A common breeding resident. Jan. 2nd, Shobdon, 500+ (lBE's); Jan. 24th, CastIeton/ Merbach area, c 150; Dec. 26th, Sarnesfield, c300 with Jackdaws (AJS's). CARRION CROW Corvus corone. A common breeding resident. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 361

RAVEN Corvus corax. Jan. IIth, Holme Marsh, present and noisy (AJS); Jan. 20th, Tupsley, one (IBE's); Feb. 16th, Hampton Bishop, one and again on March 25th (JLF); April 3rd, Pencoyd, one in flight (WOD); April 20th, Bredwardine, noted and a pair at Merbach on the same date (AAS); May 19th, West Malvern, two flew off 'Sugar Loaf towards Mathon; Sept. 5th, Bagburrow Wood (Mathon), two (PGG); Sept. 20th, Holme Lacy, one (JLF); Nov. 9th, Leintwardine, three (IBE's); Nov. 23rd, Yat Rock, three (RD). Regular at Holme Marsh June - Dec. with max. 10 on Dec. 13th (AJS). Noted at Downtown (TW) and Winforton (FV) during the year. Breedingconfirmed at Moccas (AM) and Yat Rock (RD). A notable increase in records compared with recent years. Ed.

STARLING Sturnus vulgaris. Common and widespread throughout the County. No large counts reported but large flocks and roost gatherings undoubtedly present during both winter periods as usual when numbers swelled by continental migrants.

HOUSE SPARROW Passer domesticus. A common and widespread breeding resident. An increase in numbers noted in Holme Marsh area (AJS). Dec. 13th, Much Marcle, c100 (PGG).

TREE SPARROW Passer montanus. Jan. 7th Yarkhill, cl5 (PGG); Jan. 15th, Dorstone, noted (EAM);Jan./Feb., Holme Marsh, a small winter party (min. six) and subsequently bred in area (AJS); March 30th, Burghill, two (GRG/ JG); April 24th, near Gladestry, pair (JVF); June 13th, Criftin Ford, noted (MFP); Sept. 6th, Leach Pool, min. ten (CO); Oct. 3rd, Holme Lacy, one (JLF); Dec. 28th, Huntington, one (IP). Occasionally noted at bird table at Winforton (FV).

CHAFFINCH Fringilla coelebs. A common breeding resident. Jan. 6th, Shobdon, clOO; Jan. 7th, YarkhilI, c30 (PGG); Jan. 24th, Almeley, min. 200 in finch flock; Jan. 27th, Holme Marsh, early song noted (AJS); March 10th, Lugg meadows, 200+ (I BE's); March 28th, Mathon SP, c25 and c60 there on Sept. 6th (PGG); Sept. 12th, Olchon, 30+ (IBE's); Oct./Nov., Goodrich, flocks of c50 noted (RD); Dec. 13th, Linton, c25 (PGG).

BRAMBLING Fringilla montifringilla. Jan. - March, very widely reported throughout the County and noted at winter feeding stations during this period at Brilley, Broomy Hill, Dewsall, Hereford (two locatities), Ladye Grove, Welsh Newton and Whitecross. The larger flocks noted were: Jan. 2nd, Holme Marsh, c20 (AJS); Jan. 7th, Yarkhill, c 150 (PGG); Jan. 24th, Almeley, c30 (AJS); Feb., Kinnersley area, c200 (FV). The last noted in spring was a female at Holme Marsh on April 9th (AJS). The first of the second winter period to be reported were five at Haugh Wood on Octo 24th (CO) but very few noted subsequently to(he end of the year. 362 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

GREENFINCH Cardue/is ch/oris. A common breeding resident and a regular visitor to garden feeding stations during winter periods. The larger counts reported were: Jan. 7th, Bosbury, c20 (PGG); Jan. 20th, Tupsley Quarry, c30 (JLF); Jan. 24th, Holme Marsh, min. ten and min. ten at Almeley on the same date (AJS); March 10th, Lugg meadows, 20; April 26th, Ballingham, 50+ (IBE's); Sept. 6th, Mathon SP, 12 (PGG); Nov. 17th, Coppett Hill, 20 (RD).

GOLDFINCH Carduelis carduelis. No further reduction in numbers reported (cL 1986 Report) and widely reported throughout the year. The larger counts were: Jan. 7th, Bosbury, 15 and ten at Carey on the same date (PGG); Feb. 28th, Hole-in-the-Wall, c30 (PJK); Sept. 6th, Mathon SP, clO and a similar number there on Oct. 4th (PGG); Oct. 3rd, Castleton, c30 (AM); Oct. 10th, Hampton Bishop, c50 (JLF).

SISKIN Carduelis spinus. Widely reported throughout the County Jan. - April and Sept. - Dec. and a frequent visitor to garden feeding stations during these periods. Numbers very much smaller than in 1986, the larger counts being: Jan. 4th, Mathon SP, 36 (PGG); Jan. 19th, Hampton Bishop, c30 (max. Jan./ Feb. count) (JLF); Jan. 27th, Wilton, c20 (WOD); Jan./ Feb., Dorstone, max. 20 (EAM); March 15th, Hereford racecourse, 18 (BMK); Oct. 31st, Moorhampton, max. 12 (MAS/BS); Nov. 2nd, Bridstow, 15 (WOD); Nov. 23rd, Welsh Bicknor, clOO in Alders A/nus glutinosa (RD); Dec. 26th, Winforton, max. 15 (FV).

LINNET Carduelis cannabina. Jan. 7th, Yarkhill, c25 and cl5 at Bosbury on the same date (PGG); Jan. 10th, Holme Marsh, c250; Jan. 24th, Almeley, c60(AJS); April 29th, Carey, 20; May 31st, Bearswood Common, 10 -12 singing; Sept. 20th, Mathon SP, c30 (PGG); Oct. 3rd, Castleton, ten (AM); Oct. 4th, Mathon SP, c40 and c20 there on Oct. 11th (PGG et al). I - 2 pairs bred Winforton (FV) and noted elsewhere at Hampton Bishop, Welsh Newton, Whitney and Wormelow.

REDPOLL Carduelis flammea. April 24th, Gladestrey, pair (JVF); April 13th, Titley, c30 (AJS's); Oct. 28th, Goodrich area, c30 (RD). Noted at Common Hill during autumn/ second winter period (KAM). A less than average year. Ed.

CROSSBILL Loxia curvirostra. The only report received was of 2 - 3 birds heard calling at Downton on Dec. 27th (per PGG) but undoubtedly present and breeding in usual areas. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987 363

BULLFINCH Pyrrhula pyrrhula. Resident and breeding and reported to be 'locally common' in some areas. Recorded throughout the year from Beacon Hill (Bosbury), Belmont Abbey, Burghill, Castleton, Dewsall, Ewyas Harold, Goodrich, Hampton Bishop, Leintwardine, Letton, Littley Coppice (West Malvern), Newton St. Margaret's, Tupsley and Winforton.

HAWFINCH Coccothraustes coccothraustes. April 25th, Haugh Wood, pair (CO).

YELLOWHAMMER Emheriza citrinella. A very common breeding resident, widely distributed throughout the County in suitable habitat. Some larger counts were: Jan. 18th, Tretire, c20 (WOO); March 10th, Lugg meadows, 10 (lBE's); Sept. 6th, Mathon SP, IQ (PGG); Dec. 10th, Hole-in-the-Wall, 20; Dec. 18th, Leintwardine, 30+ (IBE's).

REED BUNTING Emheriza schoeniclus. Resident and breeding and recorded throughout the year. Breeding noted at Wilton Wye (WOO), Winforton Common and Winforton Wye (FV). Noted during the year at Brilley Mountain, Castleton, Criftin Ford, Gladestrey, Hampton Bishop and Kenchester.

CORN BUNTING Milaria calandra. Feb. 8th, HamptQn Bishop, one (JLF). Breeding noted at Tretire and nine on wires there on Oct. 30th (WOO). Although not common in the County this is undoubtedly a species which is under-recorded. Ed. 364 HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

CONTRIBUTORS TO CLASSIFIED NOTES

Dr. E.M. Alien P.M. Evans D. Parr Mrs. J. Alien J.L. Fox L Pritchard M.J. Antcliff Mrs. J.V. Fox M. F. Peers D. V. Banbury Mrs. F. R. Francis Mrs. C. Port * Mr. Birch C. French J. Port Dr. D.G. Boddington Mrs. J. Gardner Mrs. F.M. Probyn Mrs. F. Bradley P. Gardner H.T. Randolph P.G. Bradley P.G. Garner * S.AT. Rowlands Mrs. J.M. Bromley G.R. Gay C.W. Sheldrake Miss. L. Caldicott Mrs. J. Gay Mrs. A Smith Mrs. Chamberlain Miss. W. M. Gibson AJ. Smith W.A. Champion Mrs. P.J. Kent B. Stephenson G.c. Cundale B.M. Kiddle Mrs. M. Stephenson Dr. M Davies Miss. W. Lindsay-Scott AA. Stewart Miss. W.O. Davies A. Marchant J. Tupper R.G. Deane F. W. Marston R.L. Vernon S. Dodd Mrs. C. Mason F. Vickers Mrs. E. Duncan K.A Mason Dr. C.W. Walker Dr. I. Duncan E.A Morgan T. Wall R. Dunt. Mrs. J. Morgan M.P. Watkins P.J. Eldridge Mrs. M. Morgan Dr. W.H.D. Wince Mrs. G.E. Evans D. A. Myers LB. Evans Dr. R.N. Ovenden * Denotes non-member

REPORT EXCHANGES Brecknock Wildlife Trust. Bristol Natural History Society. Derbyshire Ornithological Society. Gloucester Naturalists' Trust. Gwent Ornithological Society. Shropshire Ornithological Society. Trent Valley Birdwatchers. West Wales Naturalists' Trust. Wiltshire Ornithological Society.

ASSOCIATIONS TO WHICH THE CLUB IS AFFILIATED British Trust for Ornithology. Herefordshire and Radnorshire Nature Trust. Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. Woolhope Club. HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL REPORT 1987

HEREFORDSHIRE ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT YEAR ENDED 30th NOVEMBER, 1987

1986 1987 Income: 19 Sale of Publications 32 266 Donations 104 3I7 Building Society Interest 351 1,072 Subscriptions 1,095 £1,674 £1,582

Deduct: Expenditure: 84 Printing and Stationery 179 736 Annual Report 1,067 215 Postage and Telephone 268 334 Meeting Expenses 2~1 42 Affiliati"on Subscriptions 20 Cost of Publications 22 21 Insurances 50 IQ Donation - B.T.O. 25 £1,462 £1,878 212 Surplus (Deficit) for the year (296) 1,404 Surplus at 1st December 1986 1,616 £1,616 General Funds at 30th November 1987 £1,320 2,700 Add: Special Funds, brought forward 2,700 £4,316 Accumulated Funds at 30th November 1987 £4,020 Accumulated Funds at 30th November 1987 represented by: £4,201 Deposit with Abbey National Building Society £4,251 93 Add (Deduct) Bank Balance (Deficit) less 1988 subscriptions (231) in advance 22 Stock of Publications, at cost £4,316

LT. STONE, Hon. Treasurer I have audited the above Accounts and in my opinion they show a true and fair view ofthe General Account Deficit for the year ended 30th November, 1987 and of the Club's assets at 30th November, 1987. T. Davies, Chartered Accountant 31st December 1987