Norfolk Survey c/o Natural History Dept., Castle Museum, Norwich, NR1 3JU Newsletter No.84 November 2013 INTRODUCTION

To borrow the well-worn sporting analogy, this year has definitely been a season of two halves. Cool weather dominated the spring and early summer, with a persistent and chilly north-east breeze. In contrast, July and August enjoyed some very high temperatures, both by day and night. The latter part of the season was rather more typically variable, again with a mix of both cool and mild periods.

Not surprisingly, these conditions had a great effect on the – and our recording of them. Some of the early species emerged relatively later in their season, but some were scarcely noted at all. The onset of the very warm weather brought a real explosion of activity, but yet again, not for all species. For example, several recorders commented specifically on the low numbers of Large Yellow Underwing this year – indeed, there was even the mischievous suggestion that it would probably now be listed as a red data species! Conversely, others reported seeing species again after a gap of many seasons. All of which adds to our experience of interest and discovery in the world of Norfolk moths, and highlights the important work carried out by you, our army of recorders.

A further consequence is that we have been able to add eight new species to the Norfolk list this year. These are sericopeza, carpinella, Phyllonorycter comparella, picaepennis, Diaphania perspectalis (the Box Tree moth), Ground Lackey, Jersey Tiger, and Dotted Chestnut. Most of the micros are likely CONTENTS: to be spreading or previously overlooked, but records of both Introduction Ken Saul page 1 Ground Lackey and Jersey Tiger have County Recorder’s Report Jim Wheeler page 2 raised eyebrows with regard to their flavalis in Norfolk J. & J. Geeson page 6 provenance. D. perspectalis, on the other hand, is an Asian species. In Late Record for Lime Hawk-moth Martin Greenland page 6 recent years it has become increasingly Box Tree Moth. A Norfolk 1st. Matthew Casey page 7 recorded in Europe, including the UK, Field Meetings 2013 almost certainly as a result of being imported with plant stocks. More Hockwold – 13th March Colin Hart page 7 details of these and other notable Weston Park – 1st June Dave Allleton page 8 records of the year are to be found in Suffield - 8th June Ken Saul page 8 Jim Wheeler’s County Recorder’s report later in this newsletter. Brettenham Heath 15th June Joe Wheeler page 9 Betty’s Fen, etc. – 6th July Jon Clifton page 9 Again, after a slowish start, it appears Sutton Fen – 13th July Mick A’Court page 10 to have been a fair season for migrant species. Reasonable numbers of some How Hill – 3rd August Rob Lee page 11 of the more frequent arrivals have been Whitwell Common 10th Aug. Jon Clifton page 11 noted, with Dark Sword-grass having a – 7th Sept. Phil Heath page 12 particularly good year. Vestals have also been widely reported, while other Sculthorpe Moor – 21st Sept. Dick Jones page 13 highlights have included the pyrales manniana / P. udana Jon Clifton page 13 Spoladea recurvalis and Mecyna Norfolk Migrants 2013 Dave Hipperson page 14 flavalis, together with Orache, Ni moth and Tree-lichen Beauty. As Norfolk Moths Website details page 17 usual, Dave Hipperson has compiled a Photographs page 18 full list of migrant records received so

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 1 of 19 far. If you still have any outstanding migrant records, do please send them in. A list of further additions will be included in our Spring 2014 newsletter.

All of our planned series of field meetings actually went ahead this year, although it has to be said that some of those earlier in the season were not particularly successful! Again, this was largely due to the cool weather. However, we did enjoy some very good nights too, and reports on all of those meetings are featured here. Many thanks are due, as always, to all those of you who helped in any way or supported these events.

For National Moth Night, the group visited Whitwell Common. Although Ruby Tiger was the only representative of the “target species” for NMN (tiger moths) that we recorded, it was a very good night, with many other interesting moths seen.

In the light of comments received, we have been considering some changes in respect of our usual spring meeting. These centre around three aspects – date, location, and activity. For some while now the format has been an indoor meeting in the Norwich area (Mangreen Hall) during March, with a guest speaker ( either local or national), covering a variety of moth-related topics. Firstly, a later date has been arranged, Wednesday 30 April 2014. It is also suggested that perhaps we should consider moving the meeting place around the county. With a later date, we could perhaps try doing something different from having a guest speaker. For example, some of you will recall that, in times past, we have had a larval hunt, followed by an indoor appraisal of our captures – and a cup of tea, of course! We really do need to hear your opinions on this, as there is no point in us organising an event that nobody actually wants to attend. Any ideas regarding speakers, topics, or other activities will be welcome. We hope to have something arranged in time for details to be sent out in the spring newsletter, but it may also be worth checking the website nearer the time. Please let us know what you would like us to do. We still intend to keep the November Annual Review Meeting at Mangreen as usual.

Lastly, it remains for me to proffer our ongoing grateful thanks to all of you who continue to record the moths of Norfolk, and who support NMS in so many and varied ways.

Ken Saul

COUNTY RECORDER’S REPORT

According to my calculations, we have already recorded a staggering 1232 species of moth this year in Norfolk. With many records not yet submitted, it is a little early to finalise figures, however we are on target for 2013 to be the highest yielding year on record. Contributory factors include the expanding army of moth recorders we now have in Norfolk (including 76 new members joining the on-line recorder in 2013), an ever increasing number of previously overlooked, new aggregate and split species (Phalonidia udana for example), improved identification and determination skills, recording techniques, but mostly the fantastic summer weather and a huge recording effort from you all.

Please find listed below a selection of notable records taken from the data that has been sent to me so far this year. These include 8 species new for Norfolk, plus 4 new for Vice- county 28 (West Norfolk) and 3 new for Vice-county 27 (East Norfolk). The list also includes several species recorded this year that were last listed in Victorian times by the great Charles Barrett, plus other notable records from 2013.

The year started with a new Norfolk Vice-county 28 record of Duponchelia fovealis (Dark Marbled Tabby) recorded on New Year’s Day 2013. The moth was found indoors at Watton in west Norfolk by Chris and Angela Pye. An adventive species and rare migrant, the species is associated with imported cut flowers or pot plants. Just six Norfolk records, being first recorded in the UK from Thorpe St. Andrew, Norfolk in 1996.

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 2 of 19

The first Norfolk record of Dotted Chestnut (Conistra rubiginea) was trapped at Hockwold in west Norfolk on 24th April 2013 by Katherine Puttick. A very local species, occurring mainly in the south and south-east of England. The moth overwinters as an adult, flying again in the spring.

The Nationally Scarce (Na) species - Lace Border ( ornata) was found at a second Norfolk site along the Wensum valley in East Norfolk VC27 (M. Casey, 31st May 2013) A remnant population was formerly known to inhabit only one site in VC28 West Norfolk, where it was first discovered in 1914 and is well recorded annually.

The Nationally Scarce (Nb) micro moth Scythris picaepennis (White-dusted Owlet) was discovered at Cranwich Heath, Norfolk. A single male was netted and determined by gen. det. on 18th June 2013 by Ian Barton and Kathleen Rosewarne, with further specimens netted at the site in 2013. [see photo on page 19],

Parornix carpinella (Hornbeam Slender) - New for Norfolk. Leaf-mine on leaf of Hornbeam was found at Hoveton Hall gardens in Norfolk VC27 in July (S. Wright)

Ectoedemia sericopeza (Norway-maple Pigmy) - New for Norfolk in 2013, mines found in samaras from Norway maple at Lynford Arboretum, with an adult hatching in August. (I. Barton, K. Rosewarne) [see photos on page 19],

Small Chocolate-tip (Clostera pigra) was found in the Norfolk Broads in late July. Not seen in Norfolk for many years, thought possibly locally extinct until this year!

Ground Lackey (Malacosoma castrensis) - A single Norfolk record of a female was trapped in a Norwich garden in 2013. The circumstances of this unexplainable capture remain a mystery. It is not thought that this is from a hidden Norwich colony(!), but possibly either bred, hitched a ride from Suffolk, carried on wind or caught in a thermal during the extreme hot weather? [see photo on page 18]

Spoladea recurvalis (Maize Moth) First for East Norfolk (VC27). A scarce autumn migrant from the tropics, first recorded in Britain in Surrey and Dorset in September 1951. Norfolk County first in 2011 at Holme in West Norfolk (13th Oct 2011), VC27 first, a rather worn out visitor, trapped at Walcott (M. A'Court, 4th August 2013).

Tree-lichen Beauty (Cryphia algae) - First for West Norfolk, Second for Norfolk. The rare migrant, a first for VC28, was recorded at Holme-next-the-Sea on 13th August 2013. Only the second record for Norfolk.

Jersey Tiger (Euplagia quadripunctaria)- A single specimen was photographed in a garden at Castle Acre, in west Norfolk, on 17th August 2013 (Nick Ford). How it got there remains a mystery! [see photo on page 18]

Phyllonorycter comparella (Winter Poplar Midget) - First Norfolk record of mines on Grey Poplar ( Populus canescens ) found at in 2013 ( I. Barton, K. Rosewarne, 18th August 2013)

Diaphania perspectalis (Box Tree Moth) – New for Norfolk. Two specimens of this Asian moth were taken at light in a garden trap at Costessey, Norwich. (M. Casey. 3rd Oct 2013). This is the first record in Norfolk of this Asian species. The moth is a pest species of Box (Buxus), being first recorded in the UK and in 2007. Recent records from a handful of counties in the UK, are all thought to be by accidental importation in Box plants. (don’t mention the garden centre!) A full list of all 2013 notables can be found on the website, along with the On-line Recorder to add your own records if you have not yet done so! www.norfolkmoths.co.uk

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 3 of 19 A selection of notable records in 2013 (listed by date recorded)

Date Taxon # VC Location Recorder Stage Comment Duponchelia fovealis 01/01/2013 1 28 Watton Chris Pye Adult New VC28 Dark Marbled Tabby

Dotted Chestnut Hockwold 24/04/2013 2 28 Katherine Puttick Adult New for Norfolk Conistra rubiginea

Acleris literana 23/04/2013 1 27 Overstrand Greg Bond Adult (prev VC27 rec 1998) Lichen Button

Coleophora pennella Larval several in 2013 (prev 18/05/2013 1 28 Hockwold Jon Clifton Bugloss Case-bearer (Bred) recorded 1999)

Lace Border Post Victorian VC27 (1 31/05/2013 1 27 confidential Matthew Casey Adult Scopula ornata of 2 at new site)

Ian Coleophora trochilella Cases 2nd Norfolk record 10/06/2013 3 28 Weeting Heath Barton/Kathleen Verge Case-bearer (Bred) (prev 1974) Rosewarne

Tinagma ocnerostomella New VC27 (several 11/06/2013 1 27 Aldeby Tony Prichard Larval Bugloss Spear-wing VC28 in 2013)

Ian Scythris picaepennis New for Norfolk (1 of 6 18/06/2013 1 28 Cranwich Heath Barton/Kathleen Adult White-dusted Owlet adults swept) Rosewarne

Mompha locupletella 20/06/2013 1 27 Hoveton Hall Stewart Wright Adult 5th Norfolk record Red Cosmet

3rd Norfolk record (also Cochylis molliculana 26/06/2013 1 28 Snettisham Dick Jones Adult at Haddiscoe, B. Ox-tongue Conch Jones)

Pammene populana 29/06/2013 1 28 Sandringham Jim Swalwell Adult 5th Norfolk record Pygmy Piercer

New VC27 (also at Dichrorampha aeratana 30/06/2013 1 27 Overstrand Ben Murphy Adult Swanton Novers, J. Obscure Drill Clifton)

Epiblema grandaevana 2nd Norfolk (1 of 2 at 30/06/2013 1 27 Trimingham Bill Urwin Adult Great Bell same site in 2013)

Parornix carpinella 03/07/2013 1 27 Hoveton Hall Stewart Wright Mine New for Norfolk Hornbeam Slender

1 of 2 new sites in 2013 Shaded Fan-foot 09/07/2013 1 27 West Caister Brian Jones Adult also Winterton (M. Herminia tarsicrinalis Crossfield)

Larval Prochoreutis myllerana Repps-with- Post Victorian 1st ? 13/07/2013 + 27 Stewart Wright + Small Twitcher Bastwick (several at site in 2013) Adult

Epinotia nanana Repps-with- 20/07/2013 1 28 Stewart Wright Adult Post Victorian 1st Small Spruce Bell Bastwick

Ian Leucospilapteryx omissella 21/07/2013 3 28 Weeting Heath Barton/Kathleen Mine New VC28 Mugwort Slender Rosewarne

Oncocera semirubella 22/07/2013 1 27 Overstrand Greg Bond Adult 5th Norfolk record Rosy-striped Knot-horn

Batrachedra pinicolella Post Victorian 1st (1 of 22/07/2013 1 27 Bawdeswell Dave Appleton Adult Pine Cosmet 3 in 2013)

Epinotia signatana 23/07/2013 1 27 Bawdeswell Dave Appleton Adult 5th Norfolk record Black-brindled Bell

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 4 of 19 Evergestis limbata Herringfleet Brian Jones, Just over the border! 23/07/2013 1 25 Adult Dark Bordered Pearl Hills Keith Knights (VC25 Suffolk)

Trifurcula immundella 27/07/2013 1 28 Lynford Stewart Wright Adult Post Victorian 1st Broom Pigmy

Ian Ectoedemia sericopeza Mine New for Norfolk (1 of 5 28/07/2013 1 28 Lynford Barton/Kathleen Norway-maple Pigmy (bred) at site in 2013) Rosewarne

Mecyna flavalis 30/07/2013 1 27 Barnham Broom J&J Geeson Adult Post Victorian 1st Yellow Pearl

White-mantled Wainscot 2nd Norfolk (1 of 2 in 31/07/2013 1 27 confidential Brian Jones et.al Adult Archanara neurica 2013)

Small Chocolate-tip 18 adults in 2 days at 1 31/07/2013 18 27 Broads Mark Crossfield Adult Clostera pigra site (prev record 1993)

Ground Lackey Norfolk 1st - Unknown 01/08/2013 1 27 Norwich Alan Dawson Adult Malacosoma castrensis origin.

Nemapogon wolffiella 3rd Norfolk (1 of 2 at 02/08/2013 1 27 Bawdeswell Dave Appleton Adult White-speckled Clothes Moth site in 2013)

Hysterophora maculosana 03/08/2013 + 27 Hindolveston Jon Clifton Larval 4th Norfolk Bluebell Conch

Spoladea recurvalis New VC27 (2nd 04/08/2013 1 27 Walcott Mick A'Court Adult Maize Moth Norfolk)

Tree-lichen Beauty New VC28 (2nd 13/08/2013 1 28 Holme Sophie Barker Adult Cryphia algae Norfolk, 1 of 2 in 2013)

Jersey Tiger New Norfolk ! Unknown 17/08/2013 1 28 Castle Acre Nick Ford Adult Euplagia quadripunctaria origin.

Ian Phyllonorycter comparella Mine New for Norfolk 18/08/2013 5 28 Weeting Heath Barton/Kathleen Winter Poplar Midget (bred) (several mines in 2013) Rosewarne

Phyllonorycter quinqueguttella Winterton 2nd modern record 26/08/2013 + 27 Stewart Wright Mine Sandhill Midget Dunes (last recorded 1992)

Orache Moth Edingthorpe 2nd VC27 (3rd modern 05/09/2013 1 27 Mick A'Court Adult Trachea atriplicis Green record)

plus at Catfield (S. Leucoptera lotella Shotesham 08/09/2013 + 27 Andy Musgrove Mine Wright) Last recorded Little Bent-wing Common 1993

Ian First confirmed VC28 ? Caloptilia semifascia mine 21/09/2013 2 28 Lynford Barton/Kathleen (Unknown VC28 ref in Maple Slender (bred) Rosewarne MBGBI)

Ian Ectoedemia hannoverella 21/09/2013 10 28 Cranwich Barton/Kathleen Mine 3rd Norfolk New Poplar Pigmy Rosewarne

Phyllonorycter lantanella New VC28. (Unknown 21/09/2013 + 28 Lynford Stewart Wright Mine Viburnum Midget VC27 ref in MBGBI)

Post Victorian VC27 Ypsolopha sylvella Costessey Matt Casey 24/09/2013 + 28 Adult 2nd modern day VC28 Wood Smudge Dersingham Dick Jones (1 of 2)

Diaphania perspectalis New for Norfolk (2 of 4 03/10/2013 2 27 Costessey Matthew Casey Adult Box Tree Moth in 2013)

Jim Wheeler County Moth Recorder

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 5 of 19 – FIRST POST-VICTORIAN RECORD IN NORFOLK.

Whilst sorting the catch in our garden MV trap on the morning of July 31st 2013, we noticed a large yellowish pyralid with some cross lines, which on first glance we assumed to be Anania (Ebulea) crocealis, Udea lutealis or even Sitochroa verticalis, all of which have been recorded at this site. As the trap was extremely busy with over 450 macro- moths of 80+ spp. the individual was potted up for later inspection.

From our available literature - Goater (1986) and Sterling et al. (2012), we tentatively identified the moth as Mecyna flavalis, and later that day Dave Holman and Christine Stean also studied the beast and reached the same conclusion. Dave also suggested consulting a German website (www.lepiforum.de), and the set of excellent photographs on this confirmed our collective views.

As consulting the Norfolk website (www.norfolkmoths.co.uk) revealed that the species had been recorded only twice in the county and not since 1890, we took some photographs [see photo on page 19], and sent these to Jon Clifton and Jim Wheeler for their opinion, and a day or two later delivered the specimen to Jon.

The specimen was examined by Jon and he tentatively agreed that it did look like M.flavalis. It was decided that the moth should be set and the underwings examined to confirm without doubt its identity. This was done and the specimen removed from the setting board [see photo on page 19] in late-August and its identification was confirmed.

Away from its stronghold in Southern England, M.flavalis is considered to be a likely immigrant (Sterling et al., 2012).

References: Goater, B. British Pyralid Moths. Harley Books (1986). Sterling, P., Parsons, M & Lewington R. Field Guide to the Micro Moths of Great Britain and Ireland. British Wildlife Publishing (2012).

Judy Geeson, John Geeson & Jon Clifton.

A LATE RECORD OF THE LIME HAWK-MOTH IN 2013

On 14 September 2013 a visitor to St. Edmund’s Church, Acle showed me a female Lime Hawk-moth he’d picked up inside. I knew from larval records that the species occurs in the churchyard (there are birch and lime trees) but soon discovered that it isn’t described as having a second generation.

The latest record on the Norfolk Moths website appears to be in the last week of August. I posted the record on the Norfolk Moth Survey Yahoo Group and in response, Jon Clifton drew my attention to a few post October records in both Essex and Hampshire. Rob Edmunds and Andy Musgrove reported second brood Poplar Hawk-moths (Aug 21 & 29; Sept 12) – but these are known to occur in some years. Chris Sharpe’s Pale Oak Beauty (Sept 21) appears to be more unusual and on the same night Greg Bond reported late Varied Coronet and Dingy Footman. All this is presumably a result of the warm summer.

Martin Greenland

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 6 of 19 THE BOX TREE MOTH, A FIRST RECORD FOR NORFOLK

On the 3rd October, as I was emptying my moth trap in my garden in New Costessey, I discovered to two unusual moths. On further investigation I found them to be examples of the Box Tree Moth Diaphania perspectalis. [see photo on page 19]

This is an Asian species, with the first UK record being from Kent in 2007. Since then there have been a number of records from several counties including Surrey, Sussex, Essex, Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire, Gloucestershire and Bedfordshire.

The moth is considered a pest species of Box (Buxus) in many European countries and records in the UK are thought to be by accidental importation with Box plants from Asia.

I have a garden centre on my doorstep and they import a lot of plants so I’m guessing that this could be the source of my moths.

Matthew Casey

Editor’s note:- Matthew has since caught another example of this moth in his garden and a fourth example was caught by Adrian Gardiner, who lives close to Matthew in New Costessey.

HOCKWOLD, NORFOLK, 18 MAY 2013

This was a joint meeting between NMS and BENHS. The plume-moth annadactyla is known only from a limited area of Norfolk and Suffolk, and is easier to locate as a larva than as an adult. This event was organised to give local recorders, and any other interested members, experience of finding the larvae. The ideal time for first- brood larvae is during the first two weeks in May and the field meeting was originally planned for May 4th, but was postponed for two weeks because of exceptionally cold weather during March.

At ten o’clock on a fine day seven members gathered at the meeting point and proceeded to the site which is a wide ride between stands of pine on Forestry Commission land. After ten or fifteen minutes’ search for the distinctive feeding signs we started to find larvae, ending up with about a dozen by the end of the morning. After lunch we moved on to and were rewarded by two larvae of Crombrugghia distans near the car park, and several other species both as larvae and adults. The plume-moth Porritia galactodactyla has suffered a slow decline over the past century but was well known from several areas of the breck in the 1980s. A search of Linfold Carriageway turned up very little of the food plant, Burdock, and no trace of any larvae.

A light-trapping session in Emily’s Wood was planned for the evening and three members attended. Five lights attracted a good range of spring species, the most notable being two examples of The Tissue (Rheumaptera cervinalis), several Water Carpet (Lampropteryx suffumata) and the now almost ubiquitous Orange Footman (Eilema sororcula).

I would like to thank Neal Armour-Chelu of the Forestry Commission for permission to search for larvae and run light traps in the evening, and members of the Norfolk Moth Survey who publicised the event on their website and attended on the day. [see photo of an adult bred from one of the collected larvae on page 19]

Colin Hart

Editor’s note:- we would like to thank Colin for leading the day and for sharing his knowledge and expertise.

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 7 of 19 WESTON PARK ~ 1ST JUNE 2013

Although I’d had been slowly developing an interest in moths over many years it wasn’t until a couple of years ago that I first witnessed the bizarre antics of people who go out into the countryside at night and run lights from portable generators to attract nocturnal ! Then one warm, calm and cloudy night in June 2011 I joined a Norfolk Moth Survey event at Weston Park. Conditions were ideal and we bagged an extraordinary array of exciting moths, many of which were completely new to me. In fact many of the quite common and not-so-exciting moths were completely new to me as well – I had a fantastic time and quickly became hooked.

Two years later Norfolk Moth Survey returned to Weston Park. I’d been looking forward to a return visit, but by the beginning of June in 2013 we were still firmly in the grip of winter, or at least so it felt. Clear skies meant that the temperature would be especially cold, and it was pretty obvious that this year’s event was not going to be a repeat of 2011. Weston Park is fairly local to me so I figured it was worth the effort despite the evidently unsuitable conditions, though I was surprised to find that I was almost the only person to turn up – apart from one keen young lad and his dad who had come all the way from Wisbech. Full marks for effort and enthusiasm on their part!

Predictably the results were poor. A meagre 26 moths of 13 species were recorded, with not a single micro moth among them. The highlights were Dwarf Pug and White-pinion Spotted but it wasn’t a patch on 2011.

Thanks anyway to the guys at the Dinosaur Park for hosting us again, and even providing remote power points to run our lights from this time. I hope we have another chance to return, and that next time the weather is a bit kinder to us.

Dave Appleton

SUFFIELD ~ 8TH JUNE 2013

Our previous visit to Suffield Community Woodland had been well-attended by both moth recorders and interested local residents. There had also been a fairly good showing of moths on a calm, mild night. Unfortunately, this was not to be the case this time around.

The weather was that in typical fashion for much of the early part of this season – cool, with a chilly north-east breeze. Joan and I arrived in good time and spent a while looking round the site for a suitable sheltered spot to locate the trap, and keeping an eye out for any lepidopterous activity. We managed to net two species as dusk fell - Green Carpet and Blood Vein.

By this time, three locals had arrived and we had also been joined by Keith and Kathy Zealand. However, we had only my single trap and generator. With everything in position, and all eagerly watching, I fired up the generator. The lamp flashed briefly on, then everything went off! After this procedure had been repeated about three or four times with the same result, we decided that something was definitely amiss, so Keith got the screwdrivers out. Wiring in all the plugs and connections were checked and all seemed fine, but still we couldn’t get things going. We attempted various other ploys, including trying my spare lamp – all to no avail.

By now it was virtually dark and everyone was getting cold. Reluctantly, we decided that we would have to call it a night. Fortunately, our local contact had provided flasks of tea and coffee, so we all had a warming drink and returned home to dream of better times.

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 8 of 19 By way of a postscript, Jon Clifton finally diagnosed the problem as being my old faulty choke. Thanks, Jon!

Ken Saul

BRETTENHAM HEATH ~ JUNE 15TH

The evening started with my dad driving us down a bumpy track onto the heath, the wind had dropped but it was still very cool for the time of year.

We stopped at the far gate and had a look around to see where to put our traps, either to the east in some scattered trees or on the open heath to the west.

Overall eight people turned out for the evening, and we ran two MV sheet traps, three MV skinner traps, and my Actinic 15W Heath trap. Unfortunately one of the sheet traps ran out of petrol, nevertheless we stayed till just before midnight.

Overall it probably wasn’t the best night of the year, in total we got just 30 species, 25 common, 4 local and 1 Red Data Book / BAP species Grey Carpet that I (surprisingly) captured in my little battery actinic trap put in the trees to the east. Other moths trapped included Light Brocade, Great Prominent, Small Elephant Hawk-moth, Platytes cerussella (Little Grass-veneer) and Epiblema scutulana (Thistle Bell) which has less than 100 records in the database.

Joe Wheeler

BETTY’S FEN, BLO’ NORTON, WAVENEY VALLEY ~ 6TH JULY 2013

This was a joint meeting with the Norfolk Moth Survey (NMS) and the Suffolk Moth Group (SMG) along the upper reaches of the Little Ouse River nestled in amongst some wonderful habitat along the Waveney Valley.

My particular interest in Betty’s Fen stems back to a very interesting book I read, Pavements to Ploughed Fields, centred on the story of an evacuee at the start of the Second War War from the East End of London who was sent to Blo’ Norton and tells the story of his life growing up and working at Fen Farm on the edge of Betty’s Fen until 1948.

I therefore had to go and see if anything remained of his descriptions of life in Blo’ Norton so decided to make a day of it and also to search for larvae of Epinotia solandriana and E. caprana on alder and willow and also for the rare , Phyllonorycter kuhlwieniella on the oak.

I arrived mid-morning parking along the south side of the Little Ouse at Redgrave and walked through Hinderclay and Thelnetham Fen’s crossing the border into Norfolk at the un-bridged ford near Thelnetham windmill continuing into Blo’Norton and its church then back along the northern edge of the headwaters passed Blo Norton Fen and eventually to Redgrave Fen where both the Little Ouse and Waveney rise on opposite sides of the road. This took all afternoon on this very hot and beautiful mid-summers day culminating for dinner at the Cross Keys in Redgrave.

Unfortunately no sign of the target species on alder or willow were found although the wacky larvae of Pebble Hook-tip were seen. The only Phyllonorycter’s found on oak (and then reared on) were those of P. quercifoliella.

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 9 of 19 The meeting time of 8:30pm soon arrived and various members of the Norfolk and Suffolk moth groups gathered. Those from Norfolk attending Betty’s Fen where four 125w MV lights were deployed along with one 125w MV sheet and one battery operated 15w actinic on the footbridge over the Little Ouse, those from Suffolk assembled opposite at Thelnetham Fen with eight 125w MV traps of which two were Robinson Traps.

After the early risers started to come in such as some of the carpets, swifts and the run- around Elachista maculicerusella, the larger and more serious looking big boys arrived in force. The wetland we were in obviously reflected the crop with such species as Striped Wainscot, Four-dotted Footman, The Miller and Large Nutmeg. Several Dotted Fan- foot and Cream-bordered Green Pea along with the pale and washed out Valerian Pug amongst six other species of pug on the night were crowd pleasers. Pyralid moths were well represented with the reed dwelling species such as Chilo phragmitella, Schoenobius gigantella, Donacaula forficella, Phlyctaenia perlucidalis and Perinephela lancealis along with the China-marks. Aethes beatricella and Parachronistis albiceps were nice to see, not common moths by any means. Brachmia inornatella and Metzneria lappella were also welcome additions but more expected as both species are increasing there range I believe. was called and checked on externals but maybe should have been retained (see later article). Another species, maybe not seen by all due to its tiny size was the dare I say, under recorded but still rare Phyllocnistis saligna from its foodplant of salix. If this moth were a macro it would be far more appreciated. All in all, 139 species were recorded which is a fairly good night on the tiles for anyone.

A very similar list was had by the Suffolk recorders just over the river (brook) and were visited on more than one occasion via the small footbridge. One species that was recorded by them and is quite a rarity in Norfolk was Poplar Lutestring which was last recorded in VC28 in 1988 and only has two records in West Norfolk.

A really enjoyable night and gets my ‘best of the year’ accolade!

Jon Clifton

SUTTON FEN ~ 13TH JULY 2013

Widely considered to be one of the most ecologically important wetlands in Western Europe, Sutton Fen stretches for 200 hectares along the eastern edge of the middle Ant Valley. The reserve is especially significant for its fen plant communities and with the mosaic of open water, woodland, meadows and marshes it holds at least 500 plant species. In combination with excellent water quality and a complex history of management, this plant diversity helps to support the internationally important invertebrate fauna which makes it one of the UK’s most important sites for many families such as aculeate Hymenoptera, aquatic Coleoptera and Lepidoptera. To date, 518 species of moth have been recorded on the reserve, comprising of 311 macros & 207 micros.

July 13th saw some decent mothing weather and attracted a few folks to the reserve that evening. Seven 125W MV traps were set up along the banks between Little Bog, Triangle Marsh and Longpoint Wood, with a final total of 135 species being recorded.

Highlights included Acleris lorquiniana, Biselachista albidella and Crambus uliginosellus (the first record since 1986), whist the fen specialists included Donacaula forficella & mucronella, Reed Leopard, Reed Dagger, Water Ermine, Striped, Flame, Fen and Silky Wainscots, Silver-Hook, Cream-bordered Green Pea, Dotted Footman and Dotted Fanfoot.

Five new species were added to the reserve list, Willow Midget Phyllonorycter salictella, Hemp-agrimony Plume Adaina microdactyla, Barred Yellow Cidaria fulvata, Beautiful Golden Y Autographa pulchrina and Beautiful Hook-tip Laspeyria flexula.

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 10 of 19 All in all a very good evening spent with a very affable bunch of folks.

Mick A'Court Assistant Warden, RSPB Sutton Fen

HOW HILL ~ 3RD AUGUST 2013

Having missed the Sutton Fen meeting a couple of weeks earlier due to a holiday, I was doubly keen to attend this event as I had only once previously done any trapping in the Broads, and that was way back in my formative mothing days (2008!) Adding to the pre- event excitement was the fact that it seemed like summer had finally arrived and the weather was set fair. Arriving in good time for a change, there was plenty of opportunity to scout around for a good spot. In all, seven people attended and five MV lamps were run, two down toward the river, adjacent to a small reed bed, one on the edge of the wood and the final two off into the willow carr.

A very respectable 157 species were recorded during the course of the night, and the total could well have been higher if one of the lamps hadn’t kept going out. There were many highlights naturally and given the nature of the habitat “wetland” species were very much to the fore. Amongst the micros all four China-marks were seen as well as the likes of Chilo phragmitella, Calamatropha paludella, Schoenobius gigantella and Perinephela lancealis. The stand out species though were Biselachista utonella (Bog Dwarf if you will) with only eleven records for adult moths since 1889 and Carpatolechia alburnella, a commoner species than the previous, nationally, but with fewer records in our County. Phyllocnistis saligna was also nice to see and an example of the ever variable Epinotia nisella had a few of us thinking of the possibillity of signatana, until we finally managed to unravel its true identity.

Of the 102 species of “macro” recorded, again the highlights were many and varied, with the wetland species stealing the show, if not more for their rarity value rather than their looks. Between us we recorded twelve Dotted Footman, but unfortunately no Small Dotted Footman, although I`m not sure if they`ve been seen here before or not. We also managed one Fenn`s Wainscot, much to the relief of one out of County visitor who has always just narrowly missed them before. Coming down the scale, three Reed Daggers and two Webb`s Wainscots were also noted and there were a good number of Fen Wainscots amongst the traps. Other species seen with a Broadland bias were Crescent (3) and the always spectacular Garden Tiger (4), Drinkers were an arial hazard with up to 10 buzzing around and of the “lookers” there were Large Emerald (10), Chevron, Chocolate-tip (2), Black Arches (15), Privet Hawkmoth (2) and Antler Moth (2), amongst many others. A sign of the turning season were my first records for the year of both Canary-shouldered Thorn and Copper Underwing.

It’s always hard to leave on a night like this when species are plentiful and the weather is favourable, but at around 2am and struggling with a fairly non-descript Wainscot we decided it was finally time to go.

Our thanks go out to the How Hill Trust for allowing us access to the site and we look forward to hopefully being invited back again one day.

Rob Lee

WHITWELL COMMON ~ 10TH AUGUST

For this evening’s moth trapping field trip (and National Moth Night) the Norfolk Moth Survey decided to go Nowhere, that is correct, absolutely Nowhere!

Confused? Well, nestled in the northern corner of this wonderful little reserve is a collection of houses called Nowhere. There is a Nowhere House a Nowhere Farm and a

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 11 of 19 Nowhere Lane. Now we have all heard of our Pudding Norton’s and Six Mile Bottom’s but I think this place name must be one of the most unique and quirky place names I know (other than a place we used to live near to on Shetland that is so rude I simply cannot mention here!). It just so happens that Whitwell Common borders Nowhere and so it was that on this lovely summer’s evening, this is where we decided to go,…. Nowhere!

Whitwell Common consists of a spring fed wet carr fen tucked in the Blackwater tributary which finally flows into the River Wensun. It starts life further along this valley the other side of the fine market town of Reepham at , the whole area being a gem to the naturalist and walker alike.

I got there early for a walk around the reserve netting Blue-bordered Carpet and noting the larvae of Mompha epilobiella on willowherb.

As dusk approached others arrived and four 125w lights were set up, one which was a sheet trap. We were also joined by some of the trustees who marvelled at some of the larger, colourful species such as Drinker, Iron Prominent and Canary-shouldered Thorn.

Triple-spotted Pug and Square-spotted Clay was recorded at the sheet trap, Flame Carpet and Sallow Kitten were potted at Ken’s trap. Wainscots were well represented with Twin-spotted, Fen and Webb’s. Other fen type habitat moths such as Double Lobed, Small Dotted Buff, Small Rufous and Ear Moth were all seen. Micro moths that reflected the flora of the fen were the water mint feeding Thiotrichia subocellea and the meadowsweet feeder Acleris shepherdana. Why these two species are not more common I don’t know.

Other interesting micro moths seen were Coleophora taeniipennella, Phyllocnistis saligna, several distinctive Hedya salicella, Cnephasia genitalana and various forms of the quercus feeding Zeirephera isertana at the sheet that was under several big oaks.

A very pleasant evening with a total of 119 moths recorded.

Jon Clifton

BUXTON HEATH ~ 7TH SEPTEMBER 2013

Although the first few days of September had been very warm and mild, with overnight temperatures in the high teens, a northerly airflow on the 5th brought these down dramatically. Other than myself, the only attendees for this meeting were Paul Cobb, hoping for some lacewings, plus one member of the public. Only one trap was run. The moths, presumably used to balmy temperatures, were perhaps shocked into inactivity by the sudden change and only eleven individuals of four species were recorded. These were three Light Emeralds, two Setaceous Hebrew Characters, a single Snout and Apotomis betuletana.

I had placed the trap in the shelter of some birches where two or so pipistrelle bats were hawking, and these provided far more entertainment than the moths. They carried on feeding throughout the evening, regularly swooping low over the trap. Indeed one of the five Apotomis betuletana recorded was a set of wings that drifted down after one pass. On another occasion one of the bats was seen to grab one of the Light Emeralds as it approached the light but then either loose or discard it. The moth survived this encounter and after tumbling to the ground, resumed flying and did make the trap where it seemed undamaged. As they have no warning colouration it seems unlikely that they are unpalatable, so perhaps the bat fumbled the catch or maybe it decided it was too large an for it.

Phil Heath

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 12 of 19 SCULTHORPE MOOR ~21ST SEPTEMBER - ‘HORNETS GALORE’

J. Clifton, P. Cobb, R. Eagling, J. & K. Saul and I arrived at the Hawk and Owl Trust reserve at Sculthorpe to find that we did not have much time. The staff had been working since six in the morning and wanted to be locked up and away by eleven pm! Gone was my idea of trapping till about one or so. We set up two traps quickly as dusk was falling, mine and Ken's, near to the hut.

Poking around in the dusk we found the old holes of Hornet Clearwing in a poplar and then some of us looked for, and found, Triple Spotted Pug larvae on Angelica. The sky was clearing, the temperature was falling and the moths were few and far between. Ken, working hard, found a Buff Arches larvae.

Ken's trap was rapidly filling up...... with Hornets! Lots of Hornets. It was decided to close it down. That just left my trap and so we went and sat in the hut and made tea and conversation. Having showed the staff a picture of the larva of Buff Arches with two pairs of eye spots someone noticed that it only had a single pair so we were kept busy trying to find out if this was unusual or did we have something else. Someone caught an Agonopterix which was identified by Ken as ocellana.

A quick look at my trap showed that it had caught fewer than 10 species so we called it a night. An Acleris species was taken home to check its naughty bits and duly identified as laterana.

Luckily, the Butterfly Conservation people had been earlier and left a couple of Robinson traps overnight. One of these was also full of Hornets. Between us we had almost forty species. Their best species was Pinion-streaked Snout of which 11 were caught with lots of different wing patterns.

Dick Jones

PHALONIDIA UDANA AND ITS SEPARATION FROM PHALONIDIA MANNIANA

In the July/August edition of the Entomologist’s Record (Ent Rec) Vol 125 part 4 David Agassiz discussed the newly recognised Tortricid Phalonidia udana and its separation from its sister species Phalonidia manniana.

There were few confirmed records for P. udana but ranged from Hickling Broad, Wicken Fen, Chippenham Fen and a few sites in Hampshire and West Sussex.

Separation is slight between the two species, udana usually being slightly larger and lacks the fuscous suffusion on the costa and also the darkening of the veins in the apical part of the forewing. Basically udana should be a larger, brighter species.

Whilst trapping at Wicken Fen in July we put these features to the test and named all specimens caught as manniana given the above criteria, it was then quite a shock that on dissection, ones we named as manniana were quite clearly udana.

I then revisited five specimens in my collection, again all of which I was initially happy were manniana but on dissection, two were udana, one from the NMS visit to Upton Fen on the 15th June 2002 and another from Hickling Broad on the 26th July 2008.

Naming of either Phalonidia manniana or udana does appear quite hard and tricky using external characters and recorders should be aware of this. Jim Wheeler and I have put together a species comparison plate to help the identification of these two species. Anyone thinking they may have udana should be encouraged to retain the specimen.

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 13 of 19 P. manniana is believed to feed on water mint and gypsywort whereas P. udana is thought to feed on loosestrife. Both will therefore occur in the same habitat and have the same flight period.

The true status of udana will not be known in Norfolk until further work can be carried out. I therefore ask recorders to retain any specimens for me.

Thanks to Mike Dale (Staffordshire) for providing some of the specimen photographs and to Jim Wheeler for putting them together to make one plate.

Jon Clifton

NORFOLK MIGRANT RECORDS LIST FOR 2013

Listed in the chart below are the migrant species records for 2013 received, by our County Recorder, up to the end of 15 November 2013. I have not listed the common migrants such as Silver Y, Dark Sword-grass and Plutella xylostella, Udea ferrugalis & Nomophila noctuella. White-point & Red-necked Footman records are not listed as we are not able to say which records are migrants and not residents.

Date Common Taxon Site Recorder Method Notes 01-Jan Dark Marbled Tabby Duponchelia fovealis Watton C. Pye Indoors 13-Apr Blossom Underwing Orthosia miniosa Hickling M. A'Court trapped 13-Jun Olive-tree Pearl Palpita vitrealis New Costessey A. Gardiner trapped 22-Jun Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Paston L. Nicholson trapped 27-Jun Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Wereham C. Donner Day Obs 27-Jun Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Weybourne R. Eagling Day Obs 29-Jun Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Beeston Bump G. & J. Dunmore Day Obs 29-Jun European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Herringfleet Hills B. Jones & K. Knights trapped 30-Jun Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Costessey M. Casey Day Obs 02-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum New Costessey M. Casey Day Obs 02-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Beeston Bump G. & J. Dunmore Day Obs 04-Jul Marbled Yellow Pearl Evergestis extimalis Stow Bardolph K. Leighton trapped 04-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Monk's Hole, St. Olaves B. Jones & K. Knights trapped x2 D.Appleton, P.Heath, R.Lee, 06-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Betty's Fen, Blo Norton K.Saul, J.Wheeler trapped 07-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Hingham M. Hosier Unspec. Lower Wood Farm, West 09-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Caister B. Jones trapped 11-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Repps-with-Bastwick S. Wright trapped J. Wheeler, R. Jones, D. 12-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Appleton, J. Swalwell trapped 16-Jul Marbled Yellow Pearl Evergestis extimalis Downham Market R. Edmunds trapped 16-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Little Melton P. Kitchener Unspec. 16~18- Jul Great Brocade Eurois occulta Hickling Broad BBC N Deavour Moth Group trapped 19-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Holme P. Amies Day Obs 19-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Lynford Arboretum J. Wheeler, J. Swalwell trapped x2 19-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Northacre L. Lawes trapped 19-Jul Sulphur Pearl Sitochroa palealis Weeting Heath NNR S. Thompson trapped 20-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Sheringham D. Appleton Day Obs 20-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 22-Jul Rosy-striped Knot-horn Oncocera semirubella Overstrand G Bond trapped 22-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Repps-with-Bastwick S. Wright trapped 23-Jul Dark Bordered Pearl Evergestis limbata Herringfleet Hills B. Jones & K. Knights trapped 23-Jul Scarce Black Arches Nola aerugula Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 23-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Burgh Common K. Saul trapped 23-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Herringfleet Hills B. Jones & K. Knights trapped x5 23-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 14 of 19 24-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum North Tuddenham B. Pummell Day Obs 24-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Beeston Bump G. & J. Dunmore Day Obs 24-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 24-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Trowse J. Sutton Unspec.

25-Jul Four-spotted Footman Lithosia quadra Aldeby B. Jones, et.al. trapped 25-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Aldeby B. Jones trapped x7 25-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Upton Fen M. Crossfield trapped 26-Jul Scarce Black Arches Nola aerugula Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 26-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Holme NWT J. Swalwell trapped x2 26-Jul European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Bure Marshes NNR A.Beaumont, P.Heath, K.Saul trapped 27-Jul Gold Spangle Autographa bractea Hunstanton C. Mills trapped 27-Jul Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Brancaster G. & P. Douglas trapped 29-Jul Marbled Yellow Pearl Evergestis extimalis Stow Bardolph K. Leighton trapped 29-Jul Vestal Rhodometra sacraria North Walsham G. White trapped

30-Jul Bordered Straw Heliothis peltigera Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 02-Aug Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Little Melton P. Kitchener Unspec.

03-Aug Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Northacre L. Lawes trapped 04-Aug Maize Moth Spoladea recurvalis Walcott M. A'Court trapped 05-Aug Bedstraw Hawk-moth Hyles gallii Holkham Gap R. Hoe, Barry Bye Day Obs Larval 05-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Loddon K. Gray Day Obs 05-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Loddon K. Gray Day Obs 05-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Paston L. Nicholson trapped 07-Aug Gold Spangle Autographa bractea Overstrand G Bond trapped 07-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Mannington Hall G Bond trapped 08-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Beeston Bump G. & J. Dunmore Day Obs 08-Aug Gem Orthonama obstipata Ingoldisthorpe R. Roche trapped

08-Aug European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Hoveton Hall Gardens S. Wright trapped 09-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum New Costessey M. Casey Day Obs 09-Aug Gem Orthonama obstipata Ingoldisthorpe R. Roche trapped

11-Aug Vestal Rhodometra sacraria North Tuddenham B. Pummell trapped 13-Aug Tree-lichen Beauty Cryphia algae Holme NOA S. Barker trapped 13-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Fakenham R. Brunton Day Obs 15-Aug European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis Ingoldisthorpe R. Roche trapped

15-Aug Olive-tree Pearl Palpita vitrealis Overstrand G Bond trapped 17-Aug Jersey Tiger Euplagia quadripunctaria Castle Acre N. Ford Day Obs 18-Aug Tree-lichen Beauty Cryphia algae Swanton Morley J & A. Stroud trapped 19-Aug Vagrant Piercer Cydia amplana Upton Fen M. Crossfield trapped 21-Aug Bordered Straw Heliothis peltigera Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 23-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Beeston Bump G. & J. Dunmore Day Obs 25-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Stow Bridge, King's Lynn R. Barnard Day Obs 25-Aug Olive-tree Pearl Palpita vitrealis Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 27-Aug Marbled Yellow Pearl Evergestis extimalis Great Yarmouth B. Jones trapped x4 28-Aug Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Ringstead G. Riley Unspec.

28-Aug Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Scolt Head Island N. Lawton trapped 29-Aug Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Stow Bardolph K. Leighton trapped x2 30-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Repps-with-Bastwick S. Wright Day Obs 31-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Clenchwarton A., S. & T. Tipper Day Obs 31-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Lyng - Sparham Hall C. Sayer Day Obs 31-Aug Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum New Costessey M. Casey Day Obs 01-Sep Vagrant Piercer Cydia amplana Bowthorpe D. Holman trapped

02-Sep Clifden Nonpareil Catocala fraxini Horstead B. Watts Day Obs 02-Sep Large Thorn Ennomos autumnaria Welney T. Inskipp trapped 02-Sep Gem Orthonama obstipata Lyng - Sparham Hall C. Sayer trapped 03-Sep Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Brancaster K. & A. Herber trapped x4 03-Sep Ni Moth Trichoplusia ni Bawdeswell D. Appleton trapped 04-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Hethersett T. Money Day Obs 04-Sep Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Hindolveston D.W.Longden trapped Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 15 of 19 05-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Overstrand B. Murphy Day Obs 05-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Saxthorpe J. Ellis Day Obs 05-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum New Costessey M. Casey Day Obs 05-Sep Orache Moth Trachea atriplicis Edingthorpe Green M. A'Court trapped 07-Sep Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Cley A. Jackson trapped x2 08-Sep Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 09-Sep Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia New Costessey M. Casey trapped 11-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum New Costessey M. Casey Day Obs 11-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Kings Lynn T. Bellars Day Obs 12-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Ringstead C.s Roberts Day Obs 12-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Kings Lynn T. Bellars Day Obs 13-Sep Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Hemsby R. Irvine trapped 13-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Hoveton Hall Gardens E. Phillips Day Obs 13-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Hoveton Hall Gardens S. Wright Day Obs 13-Sep Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia New Costessey M. Casey trapped 16-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Welney T. Inskipp Day Obs 17-Sep Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 19-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Norwich A. Arkell Day Obs 20-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Attleborough M. Saunt Day Obs 20-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Fakenham R. Brunton Day Obs 21-Sep Dewick's Plusia Macdunnoughia confusa Northacre L. Lawes trapped 21-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Brancaster K. & A. Herber Day Obs 21-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum New Costessey M. Casey Day Obs 21-Sep Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Cranwich Heath S. Wright Day Obs 23-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Sheringham Park K. & K. Zealand Day Obs 23-Sep Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Ingoldisthorpe R. Roche trapped

24-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Hoveton Hall Gardens S. Wright Day Obs 24-Sep Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia New Costessey M. Casey trapped 26-Sep Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Lynford Arboretum M. Hume Day Obs 30-Sep Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 01-Oct Gem Orthonama obstipata Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 02-Oct Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia New Costessey M. Casey trapped 03-Oct Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Geldeston, Beccles A. Briggs Day Obs 03-Oct Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 04-Oct Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Overstrand G Bond trapped 04-Oct Four-spotted Footman Lithosia quadra Walcott M. A'Court trapped 04-Oct Four-spotted Footman Lithosia quadra Stoke Holy Cross D. Jones trapped 04-Oct Gem Orthonama obstipata Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 04-Oct Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Overstrand B. Murphy Day Obs 04-Oct Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Great Ellingham C. Knott trapped 04-Oct Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Overstrand G Bond trapped 05-Oct Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 05-Oct Gem Orthonama obstipata North Tuddenham B. Pummell trapped x2 05-Oct Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Ingoldisthorpe R. Roche trapped 06-Oct Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Ludham D. Stephenson trapped 06-Oct Scarce Bordered Straw Helicoverpa armigera Hunstanton A. Brown trapped 06-Oct Four-spotted Footman Lithosia quadra Holt G Follows trapped 06-Oct Four-spotted Footman Lithosia quadra Overstrand G Bond trapped 06-Oct Four-spotted Footman Lithosia quadra Ludham D. Stephenson trapped 06-Oct Delicate Mythimna vitellina Hemsby R. Irvine trapped 06-Oct Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Ludham D. Stephenson trapped 07-Oct Golden Twin-spot Chrysodeixis chalcites Hemsby R. Irvine trapped x2 07-Oct Gem Orthonama obstipata Beeston Bump G. & J. Dunmore trapped 07-Oct Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Stow Bardolph K. Leighton trapped x2 07-Oct Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Worthing D. Knight trapped 08-Oct Four-spotted Footman Lithosia quadra Hethersett S. Youngs trapped 08-Oct Four-spotted Footman Lithosia quadra Strumpshaw Fen RSPB B. Lewis Unspec.

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 16 of 19 08-Oct Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 09-Oct Four-spotted Footman Lithosia quadra Brundall B. Lewis Unspec.

09-Oct Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Hunstanton A. Brown trapped 09-Oct Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia New Costessey M. Casey trapped 09-Oct Vestal Rhodometra sacraria East Winch K. Leighton Day Obs 14-Oct Gem Orthonama obstipata Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 15-Oct Red Sword-grass Xylena vetusta Walcott M. A'Court trapped 17-Oct Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Hemsby R. Irvine on Ivy 18-Oct Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Stow Bardolph K. Leighton trapped 22-Oct Vestal Rhodometra sacraria Cringleford S. Turner Unspec. 24-Oct Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 26-Oct Olive-tree Pearl Palpita vitrealis Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 26-Oct Pearly Underwing Peridroma saucia Eccles On Sea N. Bowman trapped 03-Nov Convolvulus Hawk-moth Agrius convolvuli Sheringham M. Padfield Day Obs Larval 12-Nov Humming-bird Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum Norwich C. Shaw Day Obs

Dave Hipperson.

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 17 of 19 PHOTOGRAPHS

Ground Lackey Malocosoma castrensis Jersey Tiger Euplagia quadripunctata Photo courtesy of Alan Dawson Photo courtesy of Nick Ford

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 18 of 19

Scythris picapennis Stenoptilia annadactyla Photo courtesy of Ian Barton Photo courtesy of Tony Pritchard

Mecyna flavalis Mecyna flavalis after setting. Photo courtesy of John & Judy Geeson Photo courtesy of John & Judy Geeson

Box Tree Moth Diaphania perspectalis Parornix carpinella mine Photos courtesy of Matthew Casey Photo courtesy of Stewart Wright

Ectoedemia sericopeza Phyllonorycter comparella Photos courtesy of Ian Barton Photos courtesy of Ian Barton

Norfolk Moth Survey Newsletter 84 Page 19 of 19