DOCSLIB.ORG

Bacteroides Caccae Sp

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bacteroides Caccae Sp INTERNATIONAL JOURNALOF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY,OCt. 1986, p. 499-501 Vol. 36, No. 4 0020-77 13/86/WWB-O3$02.00/0 Copyright 0 1986, International Union of Microbiological Societies Bacteroides caccae sp. nov., Bacteroides merdae sp. nov., and Bacteroides stercoris sp. nov. Isolated from Human Feces JOHN L. JOHNSON, W. E. C. MOORE, AND LILLIAN V. H. MOORE* Department of Anaerobic Microbiology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061 Three new saccharolytic Bacteroides species that have DIVAS with guanine-plus-cytosine contents of 40 to 46 mol%, produce maor amounts of succinate, and were isolated principally from human feces are described: BacCeroides caccae, with ATCC 43185 as the type strain; B. merdae, with ATCC 43184 as the type strain; and B. stercoris, with ATCC 43183 as the type strain. These groups previously have been referred to as the “3452A,” “T4-1,” and “subsp. a” groups, respectively. In 1978, Johnson (3) and Johnson and Ault (4) described, reaction. Strains also were characterized with the RapID- but did not name, three DNA homology groups of sac- ANA (Innovative Diagnostics Systems, Inc., Atlanta, Ga.) charolytic anaerobic gram-negative rods that grow well in panels following the directions of the manufacturer. Antibi- 20% bile and form succinate as a major product: groups otic susceptibility results were determined by the methods of “3452A,” “T4-1,” and “subsp. a.” Except for a few strains Wilkins and Thiel (6). Any reaction that was atypical af of group “3452A” from clinical specimens, all strains stud- results obtained with other strains in the group was repeated. ied were isolated from fecal samples. Because the strains are nonmotile, anaerobic, gram- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION negative rods, produce major amounts of succinate from glucose, have DNA with a guanine-plus-cytosine (G + C) Bacteroides caccae (cac’cae, pronounced kak’ke) Gr. n. content of 40 to 46 mol% (3), and cluster with Bacteroides kakke feces; NL gen. n. caccae of feces, referring to source fragilis and related species by RNA homology studies (3, of isolate. Previously referred to as “3452A” DNA homol- they are members of the genus Bacteroides (2). For them we ogy group (3, 4). propose the names Bacteroides caccae, Bacteroides Cells of the type strain from peptone-yeast extract-glucose merdae, and Bacteroides stercoris. broth cultures are 1.4 to 1.6 by 2.5 to 12 pm and occur singly or in pairs. Cells may appear vacuolated or beaded in strains MATERIALS AND METHODS from broth cultures in media with a fermentable carbohy- drate. Strains. Strains were from the Virginia Polytechnic Insti- Surface colonies on supplemented brain heart infusion tute and State University Anaerobe Laboratory collection blood agar plates (1) incubated for 48 h are 0.5 to 1 mm in and, with the exception of OC-9, are the same strains of diameter, circular, entire, convex, gray, translucent, shiny, Bacteroides homology groups (“3452A,” “T4-1,” and and smooth. Rabbit blood may be slightly hemolyzed. “subsp. a”) studied by Johnson (3) and Johnson and Ault Glucose broth cultures are turbid with a smooth sediment (4). Strain OC-9 could not be recovered from storage and and have a final pH of 5.0 to 5.2. Strains grow equally well at was omitted from this study. The type strain (3452A) and 18 30 and 37°C but less well at 25 and 45°C. The type strain other strains of Bacteroides caccae were isolated from reduces neutral red and does not produce hydrogen sulfide. human feces; one strain (PrCvot 2302) was isolated from a From peptone-yeast extract-glucose broth cultures, major blood culture. The type strain (T4-1) and eight other strains amounts of succinate and acetate, often with trace amounts of B. merdae were isolated from human feces; one was of propionate and isovalerate, are detected; only a trace of isolated from hog cecum contents. The type strain (B5-21) hydrogen is detected in headspace gas. Pyruvate is con- and 17 other strains of B. stercoris were isolated from human verted to acetate. Lactate and threonine are not utilized. feces. Other characteristics of the species are given in Table 1. Methods of characterization. Cultures for tests for fermen- Characteristics by which B. caccae can be differentiated tation of sugars, hydrolysis of esculin, digestion of gelatin, from phenotypically similar Bacteroides species are given in milk, and meat, reduction of nitrate and resazurin, growth in Table 2. 20% bile and 6.5% NaCl, and production of catalase, urease, Type strain: ATCC 43185 (VPI 3452A). The G + C content hydrogen, and fermentation acids were grown in prereduced of the DNA is 40 mol% for the type strain and 40 to 42 mol% anaerobically sterilized media, and tests were performed as for the 20 other strains examined (3). described in the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Bacteroides merdae (mer’dae) L. gen. n. merdae of feces, University Anaerobe Laboratory Manual (1). Neutral red referring to source of isolate. Previously referred to as reduction was tested in peptone-yeast extract-fructose me- “T4-1” DNA homology group (3, 4). dium containing 3 mg of neutral red per 100 ml of medium Cells of the type strain from peptone-yeast extract broth (the neutral red was added from a suspension of 100 ml of cultures are 1.6 by 3.1 to 12 pm and occur singly or in pairs neutral red in 100 ml of 60% aqueous absolute alcohol); or short chains. disappearance of the red color was interpreted as a positive Surface colonies on supplemented brain heart infusion blood agar plates (1) are 0.5 to 1.0 mm in diameter, circular to slightly irregular, entire, convex, white, shiny, and * Corresponding author. smooth. Rabbit blood is slightly hemolyzed. 499 500 JOHNSON ET AL. INT. J. SYST.BACTERIOL. TABLE 1. Reactions of B. caccae, B. merdue, and B. stercorisn B. caccae B. merdae B. stercoris 19 Other strains 9 Other strains 17 Other strains Characteristic ATCC ATCC % ATCC % % % 43185T % Weakly 43184T % Weakly 43183T Positive reactive Positive reactive Positive 2::;: Acid from: Am ygdalin - 5 21 0 33 0 0 L- Arabinose A 100 11 0 35 0 Cellobiose A 74 10 0 89 24 6 Dextrin W 42 26 100 100 Esculin W 90 10 0 67 65 24 Glycogen W 16 5 0 0 94 0 Gum arabic - 0 16 0 0 0 0 Inulin A 100 0 89 100 Larch arabinogalactan A 100 44 56 0 0 Melezitose A 68 26 100 0 0 Melibiose A 100 100 6 6 (D +)-Ranose A 100 100 100 Rhamnose A 63 0 67 33 100 D-Ribose A 100 22 44 76 12 Salicin A 42 10 78 22 6 0 Starch W 84 16 89 11 100 Trehalose A 100 100 0 0 Xylan - 0 5 0 0 47 6 Hydrolysis of esculin + 100 100 94 0 Digestion of gelatin W 5 37 0 33 0 6 Production of Indole - 5 0 0 0 loob Catalase - 0 0 11 0 0 0 Hydrogen WC 0 95" 0 11" 0 6' Phosphatase + 100 25 100 P-Galactosidase + 100 100 18 a-Glucosidase + 89 38 100 P-Glucosidase + 100 25 41 a-Galactosidase + 100 100 0 a-Fucosidase + 95 0 53 Tetrazolium reduction V 58 0 0 Arninopeptidase for: Glycine + 100 100 6 Proline V 5 0 0 Phenylalanine + 74 25 0 Arginine + 100 100 0 Serine + 74 25 0 Pyrrolidone - 0 38 0 Susceptibility tod: Chloramphenicol + 100 100 100 Clindamycin + 100 100 100 Penicillin G - 5 0 6 Tetracycline - 47 67 76 (I + , Positive reaction. pH below 5.5 (acid production), or susceptible (antibiotics). -, Negative reaction. pH 5.7 or above, or resistant (antibiotics). A, pH below 5.5. v, Different reaction in multiple tests. w, Weak reaction or pH 5.5 to 5.7 (acid production). All strains grow well in peptone-yeast extract-glucose broth with 20% bile and produce acid from D-fructose, glucose, D-galactose, lactose, maltose, (D+)-mannose, sucrose, and D-xylose; all strains hydrolyze esculin and produce N-acetylglucosamine and leucylglycine aminopeptidase. No strain produces acid from m-erythritol, glycerol, inositol, mannitol, or D-sorbitol; lecithinase or lipase on egg yolk agar; urease in peptone-yeast extract-urea broth; or acetylmethylcarbinol. No strain hydrolyzes hippurate, reduces nitrate to nitrite, digests milk or meat, or produces more than a trace amount of growth in peptone-yeast extract-glucose broth with 6.5% NaCl. Only 76% of strains are positive in the RapID-ANA panels. Trace to 0.1% hydrogen is detected. Test concentrations of antibiotics: chloramphenicol, 12 bg/ml; clindamycin, 1.6 p,g/ml; penicillin G, 2 U/ml; tetracycline, 6 Fg/ml. Glucose broth cultures are turbid with a smooth sediment gas. Pyruvate is converted to acetate and propionate. Lac- and have a final pH of 5.3. The optimum temperature for tate, threonine, and gluconate are not utilized. growth is 37°C. The type strain reduces neutral red and Other characteristics of the species are given in Table 1. resazurin and produces hydrogen sulfide after incubation for Characteristics by which B. merdue can be differentiated 5 days. from phenotypically similar Bucteroides species are given in From peptone-yeast extract-glucose broth cultures, major Table 2. a.mounts of succinate and acetate, often with trace amounts Type strain: ATCC 43184 (VPI T4-1). The G + C content of propionate, isobutyrate, or isovalerate, are detected; no of the DNA is 44 mol% for the type strain and 43 to 46 mol% hydrogen, or only a trace amount, is detected in headspace for the nine other strains examined (3).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Supporting Information
    Supporting Information Lozupone et al. 10.1073/pnas.0807339105 SI Methods nococcus, and Eubacterium grouped with members of other Determining the Environmental Distribution of Sequenced Genomes. named genera with high bootstrap support (Fig. 1A). One To obtain information on the lifestyle of the isolate and its reported member of the Bacteroidetes (Bacteroides capillosus) source, we looked at descriptive information from NCBI grouped firmly within the Firmicutes. This taxonomic error was (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/lproks.cgi) and other related not surprising because gut isolates have often been classified as publications. We also determined which 16S rRNA-based envi- Bacteroides based on an obligate anaerobe, Gram-negative, ronmental surveys of microbial assemblages deposited near- nonsporulating phenotype alone (6, 7). A more recent 16S identical sequences in GenBank. We first downloaded the gbenv rRNA-based analysis of the genus Clostridium defined phylo- files from the NCBI ftp site on December 31, 2007, and used genetically related clusters (4, 5), and these designations were them to create a BLAST database. These files contain GenBank supported in our phylogenetic analysis of the Clostridium species in the HGMI pipeline. We thus designated these Clostridium records for the ENV database, a component of the nonredun- species, along with the species from other named genera that dant nucleotide database (nt) where 16S rRNA environmental cluster with them in bootstrap supported nodes, as being within survey data are deposited. GenBank records for hits with Ͼ98% these clusters. sequence identity over 400 bp to the 16S rRNA sequence of each of the 67 genomes were parsed to get a list of study titles Annotation of GTs and GHs.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacteroides Gingivalis, and Bacteroides Endodontalis in a New Genus, Porphyromonas H
    INTERNATIONALJOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICBACTERIOLOGY, Jan. 1988, p. 128-131 Vol. 38, No. 1 0020-7713/88/010128-04$02.00/0 Copyright 0 1988, International Union of Microbiological Societies Proposal for Reclassification of Bacteroides asaccharolyticus , Bacteroides gingivalis, and Bacteroides endodontalis in a New Genus, Porphyromonas H. N. SHAH1* AND M. D. COLLINS’ Department of Oral Microbiology, London Hospital Medical College, London El 2AD,l and Division of Microbiology, AFRC Institute of Food Research, Shinfeld, Reading RG2 9AT,= United Kingdom The asaccharolytic, pigmented Bacteroides, Bacteroides asaccharolyticus, Bacteroides gingivalis, and Bacte- roides endodontalis, form a group of relatively homogeneous species which differ markedly in biochemical and chemical properties from the type species of Bacteroides, Bacteroides fragilis (Castellani and Chalmers), such that they should not be retained within this genus. Therefore, we propose that Bacteroides asaccharolyticus (Holdeman and Moore) Finegold and Barnes, Bacteroides gingivalis Coykendhll, Kaczmarek and Slots, and Bacteroides endodontalis van Steenbergen, van Winkelhoff, Mayrand, Grenier and de Graaff be reclassified in a new genus, Porphyromonas, as Porphyromonas asaccharolytica comb. nov., Porphyromonas gingivalis comb. nov., and Porphyromonas endodontalis comb. nov., respectively. In Bergey ’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 8th quite unrelated to the type species of the genus Bacteroides, ed. (12), the asaccharolytic, pigmented Bacteroides were Bacteroides fragilis. All of the asaccharolytic, pigmented regarded as a single homogeneous taxon, Bacteroides mela- bacteroides accumulate major levels of protoheme rather ninogenicus subsp. asaccharolyticus. As the clinical signif- than protoporphyrin when cells are cultured on blood agar icance of these microorganisms in oral cavities was recog- (3,25, 27). The three species are nonfermentative and utilize nized, extensive taxonomic studies were carried out.
    [Show full text]
  • GI Ecologix™ Gastrointestinal Health & Microbiome Profile Phylo Bioscience Laboratory
    INTERPRETIVE GUIDE GI EcologiX™ Gastrointestinal Health & Microbiome Profile Phylo Bioscience Laboratory DISCLAIMER: THIS INFORMATION IS PROVIDED FOR THE USE OF PHYSICIANS AND OTHER LICENSED HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONERS ONLY. THIS INFORMATION IS NOT FOR USE BY CONSUMERS. THE INFORMATION AND OR PRODUCTS ARE NOT INTENDED FOR USE BY CONSUMERS OR PHYSICIANS AS A MEANS TO CURE, TREAT, PREVENT, DIAGNOSE OR MITIGATE ANY DISEASE OR OTHER MEDICAL CONDITION. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS IN NO WAY TO BE TAKEN AS PRESCRIPTIVE NOR TO REPLACE THE PHYSICIANS DUTY OF CARE AND PERSONALISED CARE PRACTICES. INTRODUCTION Due to recent advancements in culture-independent molecular techniques, it is now possible to measure the composition of the human microbiota. Billions of microorganisms colonise the gastrointestinal tract, which extends from the stomach to the rectum. The presence and activity of these microorganisms is fundamental for the homeostasis of the organism. They play a key role in the development of the immune system, digestion of fibres, production of energy metabolites, vitamins and neurotransmitters and in the defence against pathogen colonisation. The disruption of these microbial communities, defined as dysbiotic profiles, has been associated with several diseases including metabolic syndrome, systemic inflammation, autoimmune and mental health conditions. Monitoring the gut microbiota is fundamental to obtain a holistic view of host current health and predict future health trajectories. The obtained information can be used to tailor specific interventions and to informatively adjust personal lifestyle choices in order to promote health. To this end, Phylobioscience have developed the GI EcologiX™ Gastrointestinal Health and Microbiome Profile, a ground-breaking tool for analysis of gastrointestinal microbiota composition and host immune responses.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Microbiota Reveals Novel Taxa and Extensive Sporulation Hilary P
    OPEN LETTER doi:10.1038/nature17645 Culturing of ‘unculturable’ human microbiota reveals novel taxa and extensive sporulation Hilary P. Browne1*, Samuel C. Forster1,2,3*, Blessing O. Anonye1, Nitin Kumar1, B. Anne Neville1, Mark D. Stares1, David Goulding4 & Trevor D. Lawley1 Our intestinal microbiota harbours a diverse bacterial community original faecal sample and the cultured bacterial community shared required for our health, sustenance and wellbeing1,2. Intestinal an average of 93% of raw reads across the six donors. This overlap was colonization begins at birth and climaxes with the acquisition of 72% after de novo assembly (Extended Data Fig. 2). Comparison to a two dominant groups of strict anaerobic bacteria belonging to the comprehensive gene catalogue that was derived by culture-independent Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla2. Culture-independent, genomic means from the intestinal microbiota of 318 individuals4 found that approaches have transformed our understanding of the role of the 39.4% of the genes in the larger database were represented in our cohort human microbiome in health and many diseases1. However, owing and 73.5% of the 741 computationally derived metagenomic species to the prevailing perception that our indigenous bacteria are largely identified through this analysis were also detectable in the cultured recalcitrant to culture, many of their functions and phenotypes samples. remain unknown3. Here we describe a novel workflow based on Together, these results demonstrate that a considerable proportion of targeted phenotypic culturing linked to large-scale whole-genome the bacteria within the faecal microbiota can be cultured with a single sequencing, phylogenetic analysis and computational modelling that growth medium.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacteroides Fragilis Type VI Secretion Systems Use Novel Effector and Immunity Proteins to Antagonize Human Gut Bacteroidales Species
    Bacteroides fragilis type VI secretion systems use novel effector and immunity proteins to antagonize human gut Bacteroidales species Maria Chatzidaki-Livanisa, Naama Geva-Zatorskya,b, and Laurie E. Comstocka,1 aDivision of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and bDepartment of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Edited by Lora V. Hooper, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, and approved February 16, 2016 (received for review November 14, 2015) Type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) are multiprotein complexes best intoxicate other bacteria or eukaryotic cells. The T6 apparatus is studied in Gram-negative pathogens where they have been shown to a multiprotein, cell envelope spanning complex comprised of core inhibit or kill prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells and are often important Tss proteins. A key component of the machinery is a needle-like for virulence. We recently showed that T6SS loci are also widespread structure, similar to the T4 contractile bacteriophage tail, which is in symbiotic human gut bacteria of the order Bacteroidales, and that assembled in the cytoplasm where it is loaded with toxic effectors (8– these T6SS loci segregate into three distinct genetic architectures (GA). 10). Contraction of the sheath surrounding the needle apparatus GA1 and GA2 loci are present on conserved integrative conjugative drives expulsion of the needle from the cell, delivering the needle and elements (ICE) and are transferred and shared among diverse human associated effectors either into the supernatant of in vitro grown gut Bacteroidales species. GA3 loci are not contained on conserved ICE bacteria, or across the membrane of prey cells.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbiome Report רינת אישק Client ID 8617 Overview
    Generated on 03/03/2019 Microbiome Report רינת אישק Client ID 8617 Overview DayTwo™ provides solutions based on the DayTwoTM Microbiome Platform aiming to prevent and treat metabolic diseases, primarily diabetes and obesity. The DayTwo™ App provides personally tailored nutrition guidelines aimed at balancing blood sugar levels post meal. As high blood sugar is linked to energy dips, excessive hunger, weight gain, and increased risk for metabolic diseases like obesity and diabetes, balancing blood sugar levels presents a significant health benefit. Users provide personal and clinical information, a stool sample (we use full shotgun next generation sequencing technology to sequence the DNA of the gut microbiome), blood tests etc. - all this data is used to create for each user their personalized cloud-based DayTwo predictor. Users get a personalized report that includes details of their better and worse foods and complex meals; the ability to search and receive a prediction for various foods and meals; and a detailed report on their microbiome. 2 Introduction to the Microbiome Report Intro What is the Gut Microbiome? The importance of your Gut Microbiome Taxonomic Classification Interpretation of your Results 3 Intro Microbes are everywhere, they live in and on all animals and plants and they fill our oceans. Right now, they are on your phone, your hands (even if you wash them), in your drinking water (about a million per one milliliter!), in aerosols around you and present at any moment in time. In fact, the ecosystem of planet earth, which is composed of a multitude of habitats, contains different sets of microbes that are essential for proper ecosystem functioning.
    [Show full text]
  • Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification Of
    ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 20 December 2016 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02003 Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of Bacteroidetes Richard L. Hahnke 1 †, Jan P. Meier-Kolthoff 1 †, Marina García-López 1, Supratim Mukherjee 2, Marcel Huntemann 2, Natalia N. Ivanova 2, Tanja Woyke 2, Nikos C. Kyrpides 2, 3, Hans-Peter Klenk 4 and Markus Göker 1* 1 Department of Microorganisms, Leibniz Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany, 2 Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI), Walnut Creek, CA, USA, 3 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 4 School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK The bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes, characterized by a distinct gliding motility, occurs in a broad variety of ecosystems, habitats, life styles, and physiologies. Accordingly, taxonomic classification of the phylum, based on a limited number of features, proved difficult and controversial in the past, for example, when decisions were based on unresolved phylogenetic trees of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. Here we use a large collection of type-strain genomes from Bacteroidetes and closely related phyla for Edited by: assessing their taxonomy based on the principles of phylogenetic classification and Martin G. Klotz, Queens College, City University of trees inferred from genome-scale data. No significant conflict between 16S rRNA gene New York, USA and whole-genome phylogenetic analysis is found, whereas many but not all of the Reviewed by: involved taxa are supported as monophyletic groups, particularly in the genome-scale Eddie Cytryn, trees. Phenotypic and phylogenomic features support the separation of Balneolaceae Agricultural Research Organization, Israel as new phylum Balneolaeota from Rhodothermaeota and of Saprospiraceae as new John Phillip Bowman, class Saprospiria from Chitinophagia.
    [Show full text]
  • The Clinical Link Between Human Intestinal Microbiota and Systemic Cancer Therapy
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review The Clinical Link between Human Intestinal Microbiota and Systemic Cancer Therapy 1,2, , 1,2, 3,4 2,4 Romy Aarnoutse * y, Janine Ziemons y, John Penders , Sander S. Rensen , Judith de Vos-Geelen 1,5 and Marjolein L. Smidt 1,2 1 GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands 2 Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands 3 Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands 4 NUTRIM - School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands 5 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +31-(0)6-82019105 These authors contributed equally to this work. y Received: 31 July 2019; Accepted: 22 August 2019; Published: 25 August 2019 Abstract: Clinical interest in the human intestinal microbiota has increased considerably. However, an overview of clinical studies investigating the link between the human intestinal microbiota and systemic cancer therapy is lacking. This systematic review summarizes all clinical studies describing the association between baseline intestinal microbiota and systemic cancer therapy outcome as well as therapy-related changes in intestinal microbiota composition. A systematic literature search was performed and provided 23 articles. There were strong indications for a close association between the intestinal microbiota and outcome of immunotherapy. Furthermore, the development of chemotherapy-induced infectious complications seemed to be associated with the baseline microbiota profile.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Oral Probiotic Supplements on the Human Gut Microbiome" (2016)
    University of Mississippi eGrove Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors Theses Honors College) 2016 The ffecE ts of Oral Probiotic Supplements on the Human Gut Microbiome Erin Hudnall University of Mississippi. Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Hudnall, Erin, "The Effects of Oral Probiotic Supplements on the Human Gut Microbiome" (2016). Honors Theses. 328. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis/328 This Undergraduate Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College) at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE EFFECTS OF ORAL PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTS ON THE HUMAN GUT MICROBIOME By Erin Kyle Hudnall A thesis submitted to the faculty of The University of Mississippi in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College. Oxford May 2016 Approved by X Advisor: Dr. Colin Jackson X Reader: Dr. Sarah Liljegren X Reader: Dr. Erik Hom ©2016 Erin Kyle Hudnall ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Colin Jackson. Your willingness in allowing me to work in your lab and your patience and guidance during this process was essential to its success. I am beyond grateful for the time and effort you spent on this project. Next, I want to thank the faculty of The University of Mississippi, particularly those of the Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College, for going above and beyond the call of duty to contribute to my education.
    [Show full text]
  • Product Sheet Info
    Product Information Sheet for HM-728 Bacteroides caccae, Strain CL03T12C61 Incubation: Temperature: 37°C Catalog No. HM-728 Atmosphere: Anaerobic Propagation: 1. Keep vial frozen until ready for use, then thaw. For research use only. Not for human use. 2. Transfer the entire thawed aliquot into a single tube of broth. Contributor: 3. Use several drops of the suspension to inoculate an agar Laurie E. Comstock, Ph.D., Associate Microbiologist, slant and/or plate. Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and 4. Incubate the tube, slant and/or plate at 37°C for 2 to 3 Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, days. Massachusetts, USA Citation: Manufacturer: Acknowledgment for publications should read “The following BEI Resources reagent was obtained through BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH as part of the Human Microbiome Project: Bacteroides caccae, Product Description: Strain CL03T12C61, HM-728.” Bacteria Classification: Bacteroidaceae, Bacteroides Species: Bacteroides caccae Biosafety Level: 2 Strain: CL03T12C61 Appropriate safety procedures should always be used with this Original Source: Bacteroides caccae (B. caccae), strain material. Laboratory safety is discussed in the following CL03T12C61 was isolated from healthy adult human feces in publication: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Massachusetts, USA.1,2 Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Comments: B. caccae, strain CL03T12C61 (HMP ID 1061) is Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. Biosafety in a reference genome for The Human Microbiome Project Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. 5th ed. (HMP). HMP is an initiative to identify and characterize Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2009; see human microbial flora. The complete genome of B.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Rrna Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms from Bacteroides Spp. and Bacteroides Fragilis Isolates Associated with Diarrhea in Humans and Animals
    JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Apr. 1992, p. 806-812 Vol. 30, No. 4 0095-1137/92/040806-07$02.00/0 Copyright © 1992, American Society for Microbiology Analysis of rRNA Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms from Bacteroides spp. and Bacteroides fragilis Isolates Associated with Diarrhea in Humans and Animals C. JEFFREY SMITH'* AND DONALD R. CALLIHAN2,3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology1 and Department ofPathology and Laboratory Medicine,2 East Carolina University, and Pathology Service, Pitt County Memorial Hospital,3 Greenville, North Carolina 27858 Received 9 September 1991/Accepted 2 January 1992 The Escherichia coli rRNA operon rrnB was used as a 32P-labeled hybridization probe in Southern blots of genomic DNAs from representative strains of the saccharolytic, gram-negative, obligate anaerobes of the genus Bacteroides. Control experiments with the B. fragilis type strain ATCC 25285 established that nearly identical rRNA fragment patterns were produced when either the E. coli rrnB gene probe or homologous rRNA isolated from B. fragilis was used as the probe. In addition, it was shown that a specific 16S or 23S rrnB gene probe also could be used to produce fragment patterns suitable for analysis. Thirty-one strains from 8 of the 10 recognized Bacteroides species were then examined. The resulting autoradiographs revealed specific fragment patterns for all but one (B. ovatus) of the species tested. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms were observed for many of the strains tested, but these differences did not hinder species classification. The five B. ovatus strains examined did not form a distinct group, and their rRNA fragment patterns displayed a marked heterogeneity.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacteroidetes Species Are Correlated with Disease Activity in Ulcerative Colitis
    Journal of Clinical Medicine Article Bacteroidetes Species Are Correlated with Disease Activity in Ulcerative Colitis Kei Nomura 1 , Dai Ishikawa 1,2,* , Koki Okahara 1, Shoko Ito 1, Keiichi Haga 1, Masahito Takahashi 1, Atsushi Arakawa 3, Tomoyoshi Shibuya 1 , Taro Osada 1, Kyoko Kuwahara-Arai 4, Teruo Kirikae 4 and Akihito Nagahara 1,2 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; [email protected] (K.N.); [email protected] (K.O.); [email protected] (S.I.); [email protected] (K.H.); [email protected] (M.T.); [email protected] (T.S.); [email protected] (T.O.); [email protected] (A.N.) 2 Department of Intestinal Microbiota Therapy, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan 3 Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; [email protected] 4 Department of Microbiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; [email protected] (K.K.-A.); [email protected] (T.K.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-(0)3-5802-1060 Abstract: Fecal microbiota transplantation following triple-antibiotic therapy (amoxicillin/fosfomycin/ metronidazole) improves dysbiosis caused by reduced Bacteroidetes diversity in patients with ulcer- ative colitis (UC). We investigated the correlation between Bacteroidetes species abundance and UC activity. Fecal samples from 34 healthy controls and 52 patients with active UC (Lichtiger’s clinical activity index ≥5 or Mayo endoscopic subscore ≥1) were subjected to next-generation sequencing Citation: Nomura, K.; Ishikawa, D.; Okahara, K.; Ito, S.; Haga, K.; with HSP60 as a target in bacterial metagenome analysis.
    [Show full text]