2002 Southampton Wildlife Link Weston Shore

tr: s:: "0 "0 ~ 0 ::4 rJ1 (l) 0 0- .....e ~ 0- tr: '< =-~ C/'l ~ s::0 e go "C s- ~ "0a = g ~ tr: o .Q.== ~ ~. == 0 o ~ 0 ...r- ~ ~.- =~ [ Southampton Wildlife Link - Weston Shore [ Introduction water stream from Tickleford Gully runs into the sea at this point, forming an important bathing and feeding place for gulls and waders. [ Recent discussions on the future of Weston Shore; together with concern about the pollution of Southampton Water have raised the The Place of Weston Shore in the Ecolo2ical System of possibility of improvement and development of the area from Weston Southampton Water [ Point to the City boundary. Southampton Wildlife Link can have no objection to the removal of Southampton Water has been extensively developed as an industrial pollution and titter ( although the cleansing of sewage out falls may area in the post-war years. It has become one of the most highly f have an effect on the wintering population of wildfowl ). Neither can developed estuaries in"Great Britain. As a result, much of the wildlife it object to a general raising of the quality of the area, or of attempts habitat; particularly inter tidal mud, has vanished or become to reduce vandalism. It does however insist that any work carried out unsuitable for wildlife. Almost all of the western side of Southampton l along the Shore and the open areas behind it should be carried out in a Water is now industrialised or subject to the threat of pollution, manner sympathetic to wildlife, and with regard to its conservation. notably, oil spillage. [ To enable such judgements to be made, we present this survey of the Recent marina developments at Hythe ( at one time holding one of natural resources of Weston Shore. the richest wader and gull concentrations in the whole Solent area) have finally destroyed much of the tidal mud and the high tide roost [ Site Description areas. Currently a muc~ greater, and well publicised, threat hangs over this side of the Water i.e. that of a new container port at Dibden Bay, Weston Shore is a shingle beach with extensive mud flats exposed at between Hythe marina and the Marchwood Military Port - currently l low tide. Weston Point and Weston Shelf are two shingle hards - ( April 2002 ) this development proposal is halfway through the exposed at low water. Behind the Shore and up to the boundary of the Public Enquiry stage. Further up this shore Marchwood Hard has seen [ old Rolling Mills ( now a housing estate) is an area of rough grass more recent housing development and at Eling Great Marsh the and low scrub, part of which has been partially 'tamed' by the City effects of past dredging are currently accelerating the erosion Council. Between the multi-storey. flats at International Way and the processes there. f promenade is an area of grassland, at one time this was a freshwater The picture on the eastern side is somewhat better, thanks to the marsh and was 'reclaimed' in the early 50's. The Netley Castle end of County Council reserves of Hook-with-Warsash and Titchfield Haven. the Shore runs into West Wood, an area of immense ecological Another County Council site, Royal Victoria Country Park, keeps a [ importance, the trees extending right down onto the shore. A fresh considerable stretch of the foreshore safe from development and the f [ 1 f Southampton Wildlife Link - Weston Shore [ marine fauna on this stretch of shore is far richer than at Weston Shore, partly since bait-digging is discouraged. However the heavy The Shore has a considerable amenity value but, over the years, bait [ general disturbance of this shore deters the bird-life here. digging has reduced the richness of the burrowing community to the Weston Shore, therefore, is becoming of increasing ecological detriment of wildlife generally. The King Rag-worm Neiris virens has importance to Southampton Water, and of prime importance as access become quite a rarity and is a sad example of how unsympathetic r to the water in the city. There has been a notable increase of bird life treatment of wildlife can destroy human amenities. on Weston Shore in recent years, perhaps due to the fact that there are The species list shows a wide range of inter tidal species and is now less feeding areas around Southampton Water than previously. indicative of the importance of Weston Shore as a wader feeding r High tide roosting remains low at Weston Shore, except during very ground. hard winter weather, due to the high human disturbance. The Flora of Weston Shore i The Intertidal Fauna of Weston Shore A list of vascular plants found at Weston Shore has been compiled The inter tidal region of the shore is a biologically important habitat by the Southampton Natural History Society and others. 275 species f due to:- are listed, of which about 70 have not, apparently, been recorded since 1963 so may well be lost. Most of these 'lost' species are either r (1) Its position relative to the Rivers Itchen and Test. Salinity varies transient plants of disturbed ground, which can be expected to come across the mud flats to produce a diverse habitat. and go, or are woodland edge species which have gradually been lost from the Netley end of the Shore. There are also some plants of acid [ (2) Its position opposite the Spartina salt-marshes of Hythe. These - or wet grassland which may have been lost through drainage, over- generate large quantities of organic matter and detritus that feed the cuttingor rabbit-grazing. communities at Weston Shore. Relatively few of the species on the list are true shore plants, those [ that are include:- Sea aster; various species of A triplex; sand sedge; (3) As a depositing seashore it has a wide range. of substrate, sea couch-grass; sea-purslane; sea sandwort; sea hard-grass; sea particle sizes from very fine silts, through sands ana gravels to plantain; lesser sea-spurrey; sea arrow-grass and sea plantain. A few l shingle. This increases the diversity of the animal and plant 'aliens' have added themselves to the Weston Shore flora in recent communities. years, most notably Hare's-tail Grass Lagurus ovatus. [ Lists of marine algae ( sea-weeds ); lichens and mosses also appear r r 2 l Southampton Wildlife Link - Weston Shore f in the appendices whereas fungi have not been recorded. completely absent here. Most of the species recorded are either Marine algae are likely to be under-recorded but it is clear that the associated with the acid, but heavily rabbit-grazed grassland of the [ brown/algae Chlorophycaea are more important than red algae upper shore or found in limited areas on trees, especially oak trees, or Rhodophyceae in the slightly saline conditions of Weston Shore. within nettle-beds. A good range of lichens have been recorded although few are Perhaps the most complete list is for butterflies, but this is very poor, [ directly associated with the foreshore other than those that appear on with possibly only the Common Blue Polyommatus icarus finding pebbles or are associated with the upper shore grassland i.e. Cladonia suitable breeding habitat over much of the site. However, one less pyxidata. It is pleasing that a very rich assortment of lichens grow on common species not listed, the Green Hairstreak Callophrys rubi has f t~e alkaline bark of the old Lombardy Poplars by the old Rolling a strong colony very close to the extreme north-west of the Shore and Mills wall, this is indicative of the relatively clean air at Weston Shore almost certainly breeds on the gorse patch north-west of the central and includes uncommon species such as Hyperphyscia adglutinata; car-park. l Parmelia pastillifera and Physcia nigricans. The relatively dry conditions of Weston Shore do not favour mosses The Birds of Weston Shore but 23 species have been listed nevertheless. The most important f habitats for mosses are the sandy, acid grassland near the children's As stated previously, the Shore is not a prime site for the high tide playground, containing' several heath land species, and the wet, roosting of waders due to human disturbance. It is of interest however [ gravely area near the sailing club towards the north-west end of the that a winter roost of 50 to 80 turnstones could' frequently be found on Shore. the rough pasture on front of the old Rolling Mills site. Turnstone, along with dunlin and ringed plover, form an uneasy roost on the r The terrestrial invertebrates of Weston Shore _ shingle, but are constantly moved on by human traffic. At high tide oystercatchers can often be found feeding in the area in front of the These include arachnids and insects recorded on one visit in July flats. [ 1999 and all species are listed in the appendices. Not.surprisingly this The principle importance of Weston Shore is as a low tide feeding list is very incomplete and very few insects directly associated with ground for waders and gulls. The most abundant species is dunlin the inter tidal shore have been identified. " which can peak at 800+ in a cold winter, followed by oystercatcher [ A lack of significant Phragmites reed or Elytrigia. beds invariably and grey plover which frequently exceed 100 birds. Other common limits the number of Beetles, Orthoptera and spiders present, with waders found in large numbers are curlew, turnstone and ringed [ many species found in even small areas of shore such as Chessel Bay plover in flocks over 75 and redshank in numbers of up to 100. Many r [ 3 [ Southampton Wildlife Link - Weston Shore ( other waders appear in much smaller numbers.

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