1-Hour Sulfur Dioxide National Ambient Air Quality Standards Attainment Demonstration
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1-hour Sulfur Dioxide National Ambient Air Quality Standards Attainment Demonstration Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products LP – Savannah River Mill and Georgia Power Company – Plant McIntosh November 11, 2016 ii Contents 1.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Applicable Regulations and Guidance ................................................................................ 1-1 2.0 Modeled Sources ............................................................................................................ 2-1 2.1 Savannah River Mill ............................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Plant McIntosh ..................................................................................................................... 2-5 2.3 Nearby Sources ................................................................................................................... 2-9 3.0 Dispersion Modeling Analysis ....................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Modeling Procedures ........................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Model Selection .................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.2 Building Downwash .............................................................................................. 3-1 3.1.3 Dispersion Environment ....................................................................................... 3-2 3.2 Meteorological Data ............................................................................................................. 3-2 3.2.1 Model Receptor Grid ............................................................................................. 3-3 3.3 Background Concentration ................................................................................................ 3-10 3.4 Modeled Design Concentration ......................................................................................... 3-12 List of Appendices Appendix A Modeling Protocol and Addendum to Modeling Protocol Appendix B Electronic Modeling Archive Dispersion Modeling Report- Savannah River Mill and Plant McIntosh November 2016 1-1 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Overview In 2010, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgated the 1-hour Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 75 parts per billion (ppb). On August 10, 2015, EPA published the 1-hour SO2 NAAQS Data Requirements Rule (DRR) that requires state regulatory agencies, including the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (EPD), to characterize SO2 air quality in areas not designated as “nonattainment.” The DRR affects SO2 emitting sources with actual emissions of 2,000 tons per year or greater. SO2 air quality near facilities will be characterized by either dispersion modeling or ambient SO2 monitoring to designate the area as attainment or nonattainment relative to the 1-hour SO2 NAAQS. Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products LP (GP) - Savannah River Mill (SRM) and Georgia Power McIntosh Steam-Electric Generating Plant (Plant McIntosh) are affected sources under the DRR because SRM and Plant McIntosh each emitted more than 2,000 tons of SO2 in 2014. SRM and Plant McIntosh notified Georgia EPD that the facilities have selected the air quality modeling option using three years (2012-2014) of actual SO2 emissions to characterize air quality relative to the 2010 1-hour SO2 NAAQS. GP and Georgia Power are submitting this modeling report to the Georgia EPD in response to a request dated February 12, 2016. The results of the analyses described in this report demonstrate attainment of the 1-hour SO2 NAAQS in the area surrounding the SRM and Plant McIntosh. 1.2 Applicable Regulations and Guidance The analyses described in this report were conducted in a manner that generally conforms to the following EPA regulations and guidance documents. Moreover, the analyses were conducted consistent with the dispersion modeling protocol submitted to the Georgia EPD on March 30, 2016 and with the addendum to the modeling protocol prepared by the Georgia EPD and submitted to the EPA on June 17, 2016. EPA provided comments on the modeling protocol on August 18, 2016. The Georgia EPD resubmitted a revised addendum for the modeling protocol to the EPA on October 18, 2016 addressing EPA’s comments on the background concentration to be used in the modeling analysis. EPA approved the revised addendum on October 28, 2016. A copy of the modeling protocol and the addendum documentation are contained in Appendix A of this report. 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart BB: Data Requirements Rule for the 2010 1-Hour Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) “SO2 NAAQS Designations Modeling Technical Assistance Document (TAD),” Revised August 2016 Dispersion Modeling Report- Savannah River Mill and Plant McIntosh November 2016 1-2 Guideline on Air Quality Models – 40 CFR Part 51, Appendix W, Revised November 9, 2005 “AERMOD Implementation Guide,” Revised August 3, 2015 “Georgia Air Dispersion Modeling Guidance,” Revised April 23, 2012 Dispersion Modeling Report- Savannah River Mill and Plant McIntosh November 2016 2-1 2.0 Modeled Sources This section describes the sources simulated in the dispersion modeling analysis that was conducted to meet the DRR and demonstrate attainment of the 2010 1-hour SO2 NAAQS. 2.1 Savannah River Mill GP owns and operates a recycle and deinking paper mill (the Savannah River Mill, or SRM) in Rincon, Effingham County, Georgia. Figure 2-1 shows the location and Figure 2-2 provides a near-field aerial view of the SRM. The primary operations at the SRM are pulping and bleaching operations, paper machines, converting and printing operations, and additional equipment necessary to support these operations including three power boilers (BO01 – Boiler No. 3, BO02 – Boiler No. 4, and BO03 – Boiler No. 5). Boiler Nos. 3 and 5 are circulating fluidized bed boilers and Boiler No. 4 is a bubbling fluidized bed boiler. Each boiler is equipped with a baghouse to control particulate matter (PM) emissions and a limestone injection system to control SO2 emissions. Each boiler (BO01-BO03) exhausts to a dedicated 381-ft stack with an inner diameter of 7.25 ft. The actual hourly emissions, temperatures, and flow rates for 2012-2014 were modeled. Emission rates, temperature, and flow rates for each hour were recorded using continuous emissions monitoring systems (CEMS). Figure 2-3 shows the hourly SO2 emission rates that were modeled through each stack. GP analyzed hourly CEMS data to quantify the SO2 emission rate from each boiler (BO01- BO03) for each hour of the 3-year period. The CEMS operates by measuring the volumetric SO2 concentration in the exhaust gas (i.e., parts per million [ppm] by volume) and the flow rate in the standard cubic feet per hour (scfh). A Sample calculation is presented below for April 7, 2013 Hour 1 for the Boiler No. 5 (BO03), using the conversion procedures listed in 40 CFR Part 75, Appendix F. Eh = KChQh, where, Eh = Hourly SO2 mass emission rate during unit operation (lb/hr) K = 1.66 × 10-7 lb/ppm-scf Ch = Hourly average SO2 concentration (ppm) during unit operation, stack moisture basis (280.5 ppm on April 7, 2013 at hour 1) Qh= Hourly average volumetric flow rate (scfh) during unit operation, stack moisture basis (5,496,000 scfh on April 7, 2013 at hour 1) -7 Eh = 1.66 × 10 × 280.5 ppm × 5,496,000 scfh = 255.91 lb/hr Dispersion Modeling Report - Savannah River Mill and Plant McIntosh November 2016 2-2 The SRM also operates other miscellaneous sources that emit SO2 as listed in Table 2-1. These emission sources were modeled at their maximum hourly SO2 emission rate and representative stack parameters. These emissions units have considerably lower SO2 emission rates than the boilers and can be reasonably and conservatively represented using a continuous, maximum emission rate. This approach is consistent with the SO2 Modeling TAD, which in Section 5.4 explains, “States may find that use of allowable or PTE emissions is simpler and may show that an area would attain the standard with those conservative assumptions.” Table 2-1. Modeled Emission Parameters for Miscellaneous Sources – Savannah River Mill Modeled UTM UTM Height Diameter Velocity Temp SO2 Stack Description 1 1 Stack ID East (m) North (m) (ft) (ft) (fps) (0F) (lb/hr) SCT1 CT COMMON STK #1 (WH01 AND CT-01 EMISSIONS) 481039.37 3577380.62 165 12.00 77.8 500.0 19.05 SCT2 CT COMMON STK #2 (WH02 AND CT-02 EMISSIONS) 481051.66 3577391.86 165 12.00 68.8 500.0 20.40 EP45 YANKEE WET END EXHAUST, PM # 16 (PM01)-BURNERS 480887.76 3577315.82 94 7.00 36.0 192.0 0.02 EP56 YANKEE DRY END EXHAUST, PM # 16 (PM01)-BURNERS 480913.21 3577286.86 94 7.00 41.8 200.0 0.02 EP66 YANKEE WET END EXHAUST, PM # 17 (PM02)-BURNERS 480931.43 3577356.04 94 6.25 36.5 478.0 0.02 EP67 YANKEE DRY END EXHAUST, PM # 17 (PM02)-BURNERS 480952.62 3577335.17 94 6.25 36.5 478.0 0.02 EP03 YANKEE WET END EXHAUST, PM # 18 (PM03)-BURNERS 480979.90 3577390.91 84 7.00 42.8 192.0 1.74 EP14 YANKEE DRY END EXHAUST, PM # 18 (PM03)-BURNERS 481005.12 3577361.89 84 7.00 42.6 194.0 1.74 EP24 YANKEE WET END EXHAUST, PM # 19 (PM04)-BURNERS 480843.47