DOCSLIB.ORG

Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) Comparative morphology of the mandibles of female polistine social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) Orlando Tobias Silveira1 & José Nazareno Araújo dos Santos Jr.1 1Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral 1901, 66077–830 Belém-PA, Brazil. [email protected] ABSTRACT. Comparative morphology of the mandibles of female polistine social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae). Diversity of mandibular forms in female polistines is explored and compared among 116 species of all polistine genera. Inferences about function are made and discussed based on observed form differences. Mandible length and width measurements are analyzed for a subset of polistine species plus two vespines and two eumenines. A variable expressing the ratio between these variables is also considered in morphometric analyses. The following mechanical interactions among mandible structural elements are highlighted: opposition and crossing of mandibles’ apical teeth at the middle of the closing trajectory; shearing action of the apical teeth against mesial denticles of the opposite mandible; shearing action of the mandible anterior margin against the ventral margin of the clypeus. In the genera Agelaia and Angiopolybia, exceptionally developed mesial mandibular structures may be related to necrophagy. In some epiponine genera, poorly developed mesial denticles and strong torsion of mandibles may be partially related to use of short wood fibers in nest construction as advanced by Sarmiento (2004). The considerable morphological variation found across the subfamily Polistinae is certain to be important in taxonomic and phylogenetic studies at the genus and species levels. KEYWORDS. Adaptation; form-function analysis; morphometrics; phylogenetic methods; systematics. RESUMO. Morfologia comparada da mandíbula da fêmea em vespas sociais da subfamília Polistinae (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). A diversidade morfológica da mandíbula da fêmea é explorada e comparada entre 116 espécies de todos os gêneros de Polistinae. Inferências sobre aspectos funcionais são feitas baseadas nas diferenças de forma observadas. Medidas do comprimento e largura da mandíbula, incluindo a razão entre essas variáveis, são analisadas para um subconjunto das espécies de Polistinae, mais duas de Vespinae e duas de Eumeninae. Os seguintes padrões de interação mecânica entre elementos estruturais são ressaltados: oposição e intercruzamento dos dentes apicais ao meio da trajetória de fechamento das mandíbulas; ação dilacerante dos dentes apicais contra os dentículos mesiais da mandíbula oposta; ação dilacerante da margem anterior da mandíbula contra a margem ventral do clípeo. Nos gêneros Agelaia e Angiopolybia, estruturas mesiais excepcionalmente desenvolvidas podem ser relacionadas ao hábito necrófago. Em alguns gêneros de Epiponini, o escasso desenvolvimento dos elementos mesiais e a forte torção do plano principal da mandíbula podem ser relacionados, pelo menos parcialmente, ao uso de fibras vegetais curtas na construção dos ninhos, como postulado por Sarmiento (2004). A considerável variação morfológica encontrada na subfamília Polistinae deverá prover informa- ções importantes para análise em estudos taxonômicos e filogenéticos nos níveis de gênero e espécie. PALAVRAS-CHAVE. Adaptação; análise de forma-função; métodos filogenéticos; morfometria; sistemática. Adult female social wasps use their mandibles in various In spite of great importance in wasp biology and behavior, important contexts (Duncan 1939), such as for getting food mandible morphology has received little attention either in stud- (mostly arthropod prey) and feeding the larvae, in the col- ies of form-function correlation, or as source of characters for lecting and application of materials used in nest construc- phylogenetic reconstruction. Morphological work has been tion (mainly wood fibers), in self and colonial defense, in done attempting to establish possible functional connections social aggressive interactions, and in other more subtle and between the mandibular gland and “mandibular grooves” in less known ways (see for example O’Donnell 2003). Some Polistes species (Hermann et al. 1971; Singh & Singh 1982), of these uses have been highlighted as traits of higher “sa- on the morphology of mandibular gland in Polistes fuscatus, lience” in the evolution of social behavior in vespid wasps with special attention to location of the gland opening and its (Hunt 1999), whose first appearance in a phylogeny is in functional consequences (Downing & Jeanne 1982). Hansell close proximity to appearance of eusociality. Hunt mentions (1987) studied morphometric aspects of female mandibles in two such roles of mandibles in vespids: mandibular capture some major vespid lineages as related to the mechanics in- of larval provisions (“frees the sting from selection on provi- volved in nest building and food preparation, regarded as fa- sion anesthetization, and it opens a gateway to foraging effi- cilitating factors in the evolution of eusociality. More recently, ciencies” [p. 231]), and malaxation of larval provisions O’Donnell (1995) postulated the adaptive nature of mandibu- (“provides the basic proteinaceous nourishment to support lar features in the context of necrophagy observed in some adult longevity accompanied by sustained synovigenic oo- epiponine species. Sarmiento (2004) extended the investiga- genesis at levels greater than those that can be achieved by tion of adaptive hypotheses in a study of correlations between solitary Aculeata” [p. 231]). mandibular traits and nest construction materials, and feeding Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 55(4): 479–500, dezembro, 2011 480 Silveira & Santos Jr. habits, using well-formalized methods within a phylogenetic hypognathous insects, i.e. structures commonly said to be framework. With respect to studies on vespid phylogeny, Car- dorsal or ventral (as referring to drawings or images of dis- penter (1982) dismissed the value of mandible length as a char- sected specimens; e.g. in O’Donnell 1995; or Sarmiento 2004) acter that could be used to recognize Eumeninae sensu Richards are here considered to be anterior or posterior, respectively. (1962) as a monophyletic group. More recently, Carpenter et This is important when considering relations of mandibles al. (1996) discussed the relevance of mandible shape as evi- to other structural elements of the head. dence for a sister-group relationship between the genera Morphometric data and analysis. Distance measurements Asteloeca and Metapolybia. of the mandible-length (from the posterior condyle to apex of In this paper, diversity of mandibular forms in female the posteriormost apical “tooth 1”; Lmd) and basal mandible- polistines is explored and compared among the genera and width (Wmd) were taken on specimens under the stereomi- species so as to produce a detailed survey of basic form ele- croscope with an ocular micrometer. Head-width as estimated ments, with a corresponding nomenclature. Inferences about by interocular distance at the level of ocular sinus (Hdw), and function are also made and discussed based on observed form height of the mesopleuron (from articulation of mid coxa to differences. The morphological data presented show that man- spiracular entrance; Mph) were also measured for controlling dible form varies to some extent among polistine genera and of size or scale effects. One single set of measurements was species, in both qualitative and quantitative aspects. Some taken for each of 94 species of 24 genera of Polistinae plus features may prove to be useful as characters in phylogenetic two vespines and two eumenines. Distance variables were log- studies, and it is also expected that a morphologically well- transformed for conversion of exponential trends into linear founded baseline may be of great value to comparative be- ones, and to permit evaluation of allometry in bivariate rela- havioral studies. tionships. A variable expressing the ratio (R) between length and width of mandible was also considered in analyses. MATERIAL AND METHODS Size correction was accomplished by using the residuals of ordinary least squares regressions (OLS) of variables on One hundred and sixteen (116) species representing all the mesopleuron-height (Mph), performed with the program polistine genera had their mandibles studied, in most cases Past 1.79 (Hammer et al. 2001). For the sake of comparison, being also figured and measured (see Appendix 1). Speci- “phylogenetic residuals” were also obtained with the phylo- mens were either collected for the study in the proximities of genetic generalized least squares (PGLS) procedure described Belém (PA, Brazil) and Rio Claro (SP, Brazil), or selected by Revell (2009), with a code for the program MatLab ® from the collection of the Museu Goeldi. The species included (The MathWorks Inc. 2006). For this analysis, a species phy- in this study are mostly common and easily identifiable Neo- logeny (Fig. 11) was assembled based on the genus level tree tropical social wasps. Ropalidiines were partly donated and published by Wenzel & Carpenter (1994), corrected for syn- identified by Dr. James Carpenter (AMNH) and Dr. Junichi onymies and extended to species level after Carpenter et al. Kojima (Ibaraki University). A few vespines and ropalidiines (1996), Carpenter et al. (2000), Carpenter (2004), Pickett et from the “Ducke Collection” at the Museu Goeldi have most al. (2006), Pickett & Wenzel (2007), and Silveira (2008). probably been identified by R. Du Buysson.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae
    ACTA AMAZONICA http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201700913 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Survey of social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) in Amazon rainforest fragments in Acre, Brazil Bruno GOMES1, Samilla Vanessa de Lima KNIDEL1, Heroílson da Silva MORAES1, Marjorie da SILVA2* 1 Universidade Federal do Acre, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Rodovia BR 364, Km 04, Distrito Industrial, 69915-900, Rio Branco - AC, Brazil, 2 Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, 15054- 000, São José do Rio Preto - SP, Brazil. * Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT The State of Acre, in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon, harbors high biodiversity and a high degree of endemisms. Nevertheless, there are few studies on the diversity of social wasps occurring in this region. This study presents a list of social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) collected actively with attractive bait in three rainforest fragments in Acre. A total of 758 wasps belonging to 11 genera and 36 species were collected. Nineteen species were new distribution records for Acre and three others were new records for Brazil. Based on our results, further investigations should lead to a significant increase in Polistinae diversity in this region, producing information for biogeographic studies and management of natural areas. KEYWORDS: distribution records, Neotropical Region, swarm-founding wasps, Western Amazon Levantamento de vespas sociais (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) em fragmentos de floresta Amazônica no Acre, Brasil RESUMO O estado do Acre é parte da Amazônia Ocidental brasileira, uma área que abriga uma grande biodiversidade e alto grau de endemismos.
    [Show full text]
  • Honeybee (Apis Mellifera) and Bumblebee (Bombus Terrestris) Venom: Analysis and Immunological Importance of the Proteome
    Department of Physiology (WE15) Laboratory of Zoophysiology Honeybee (Apis mellifera) and bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) venom: analysis and immunological importance of the proteome Het gif van de honingbij (Apis mellifera) en de aardhommel (Bombus terrestris): analyse en immunologisch belang van het proteoom Matthias Van Vaerenbergh Ghent University, 2013 Thesis submitted to obtain the academic degree of Doctor in Science: Biochemistry and Biotechnology Proefschrift voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van Doctor in de Wetenschappen, Biochemie en Biotechnologie Supervisors: Promotor: Prof. Dr. Dirk C. de Graaf Laboratory of Zoophysiology Department of Physiology Faculty of Sciences Ghent University Co-promotor: Prof. Dr. Bart Devreese Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Biomolecular Engineering Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Faculty of Sciences Ghent University Reading Committee: Prof. Dr. Geert Baggerman (University of Antwerp) Dr. Simon Blank (University of Hamburg) Prof. Dr. Bart Braeckman (Ghent University) Prof. Dr. Didier Ebo (University of Antwerp) Examination Committee: Prof. Dr. Johan Grooten (Ghent University, chairman) Prof. Dr. Dirk C. de Graaf (Ghent University, promotor) Prof. Dr. Bart Devreese (Ghent University, co-promotor) Prof. Dr. Geert Baggerman (University of Antwerp) Dr. Simon Blank (University of Hamburg) Prof. Dr. Bart Braeckman (Ghent University) Prof. Dr. Didier Ebo (University of Antwerp) Dr. Maarten Aerts (Ghent University) Prof. Dr. Guy Smagghe (Ghent University) Dean: Prof. Dr. Herwig Dejonghe Rector: Prof. Dr. Anne De Paepe The author and the promotor give the permission to use this thesis for consultation and to copy parts of it for personal use. Every other use is subject to the copyright laws, more specifically the source must be extensively specified when using results from this thesis.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Basis of Pheromonogenesis Regulation in Moths
    Chapter 8 Molecular Basis of Pheromonogenesis Regulation in Moths J. Joe Hull and Adrien Fónagy Abstract Sexual communication among the vast majority of moths typically involves the synthesis and release of species-specifc, multicomponent blends of sex pheromones (types of insect semiochemicals) by females. These compounds are then interpreted by conspecifc males as olfactory cues regarding female reproduc- tive readiness and assist in pinpointing the spatial location of emitting females. Studies by multiple groups using different model systems have shown that most sex pheromones are synthesized de novo from acetyl-CoA by functionally specialized cells that comprise the pheromone gland. Although signifcant progress was made in identifying pheromone components and elucidating their biosynthetic pathways, it wasn’t until the advent of modern molecular approaches and the increased avail- ability of genetic resources that a more complete understanding of the molecular basis underlying pheromonogenesis was developed. Pheromonogenesis is regulated by a neuropeptide termed Pheromone Biosynthesis Activating Neuropeptide (PBAN) that acts on a G protein-coupled receptor expressed at the surface of phero- mone gland cells. Activation of the PBAN receptor (PBANR) triggers a signal trans- duction cascade that utilizes an infux of extracellular Ca2+ to drive the concerted action of multiple enzymatic steps (i.e. chain-shortening, desaturation, and fatty acyl reduction) that generate the multicomponent pheromone blends specifc to each species. In this chapter, we provide a brief overview of moth sex pheromones before expanding on the molecular mechanisms regulating pheromonogenesis, and con- clude by highlighting recent developments in the literature that disrupt/exploit this critical pathway. J. J. Hull (*) USDA-ARS, US Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, USA e-mail: [email protected] A.
    [Show full text]
  • Descargar Descargar
    Comisión Editorial Ana Ruth Vílchez Rodriguez. Directora. Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica Juan Antonio Aguilar Garib Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. La Editorial Tecnológica de Costa Rica es una México dependencia especializada del Instituto Tecnológico de Carlos Andrés Arredondo Orozco Costa Rica. Desde su creación, en 1978, se ha dedicado a Facultad de Ingenierías la edición y publicación de obras en ciencia y tecnología. Universidad de Medellín. Colombia Las obras que se han editado abarcan distintos ámbitos Lars Köhler respondiendo a la orientación general de la Institución. Experimenteller Botanischer Garten Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. Alemania Hasta el momento se han editado obras que abarcan distintos campos del conocimiento científico-tecnológico Jorge Solano Jiménez Instituto Costarricense del Cemento y han constituido aportes para los diferentes sectores de y del Concreto la comunidad nacional e internacional. Edición técnica La principal motivación de la Editorial es recoger Alexa Ramírez Vega y difundir los conocimientos relevantes en ciencia y Revisión filológica tecnología, llevándolos a los sectores de la comunidad Esperanza Buitrago Poveda que los requieren. Diseño gráfico Felipe Abarca Fedullo La revista Tecnología en Marcha es publicada por la Editorial Tecnológica de Costa Rica, con periodicidad Diagramación Asesoría en Ediciones gráficas trimestral. Su principal temática es la difusión de resultados de investigación en áreas de Ingeniería. El contenido de Diseño de cubierta la revista está dirigido a investigadores, especialistas, Felipe Abarca Fedullo docentes y estudiantes universitarios de todo el mundo. Imagen de cubierta M.Sc. Andrea Ulloa Fernández Datos de catalogación en publicación Tecnología en Marcha / Editorial Tecnológica de Costa Rica.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical and Thermal Characterization of the Construction Material of Nests of Seven Species of Wasps from Norte De Santander - Colombia
    Respuestas, 24 (2), May - August 2019,, pp. 27-38, ISSN 0122-820X - E ISSN: 2422-5053 Journal of Engineering Sciences rigin rie https://doi.org/10.22463/0122820X.1828 Chemical and thermal characterization of the construction material of nests of seven species of wasps from Norte de Santander - Colombia. Caracterización química y térmica del material de construcción de nidos de siete especies de avispas del Norte de Santander - Colombia. María Del Carmen Parra Hernández1, Diana Alexandra Torres Sánchez2* 1Chemistry, [email protected], orcid.org/0000-0003-2034-4495, Universidad de Pamplona, Pamplona, Colombia 2*PhD in Chemistry Sciences, [email protected], orcid.org/0000-0002-0602-9299, Universidad de Pamplona, Pamplona, Colombia. How to cite: M.C. Parra-Hernadez y D.A. Torres-Sanchez , “Chemical and thermal characterization of the construction material of nests of seven species of wasps from Norte de Santander - Colombia.”. Respuestas, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 27-38, 2019. Received on August 09, 2018; Approved on November 10, 2018 ABSTRACT Social wasps are insects that construct their nests using wood pulp, plant and themselves secretions for Keywords: the accomplishment of their activities as a colony. Currently in Colombia, there is little knowledge about this interesting material due to its characteristics, which could be used in promising applications. In this Wasps, work the chemical and thermal characterization of nests of seven species of wasps (Agelaia pallipes, Nests, Agelaia multipicta, Agelaia areata, Polybia aequatorialis, Parachartergus apicalis, Mischucytharus imitator, Thermogravimetric Brachygastra lecheguana) living in Norte de Santander, was carried out with the purpose of establishing if there are significant differences between species and provide information that could be used as a model or Analysis (TGA), precursors for the synthesis in biomimetics and / or nanotechnology.
    [Show full text]
  • Systematics of Polistes (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a Phylogenetic Consideration of Hamilton’S Haplodiploidy Hypothesis
    Ann. Zool. Fennici 43: 390–406 ISSN 0003-455X Helsinki 29 December 2006 © Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 2006 Systematics of Polistes (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a phylogenetic consideration of Hamilton’s haplodiploidy hypothesis Kurt M. Pickett*, James M. Carpenter & Ward C. Wheeler Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10023, USA * Current address: Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Room 120A Marsh Life Science Building, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA Received 30 Nov. 2005, revised version received 21 Nov. 2006, accepted 4 May 2006 Pickett, K. M., Carpenter, J. M. & Wheeler, W. C. 2006: Systematics of Polistes (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), with a phylogenetic consideration of Hamilton’s haplodiploidy hypothesis. — Ann. Zool. Fennici 43: 390–406. A review of previously published cladistic analyses of Polistes is presented. The two most recent analyses of Polistes are shown to be largely consistent phylogenetically. Although the taxonomy implied by each differs, this difference is shown to be mostly due to taxon sampling. After the review, a phylogenetic analysis of Polistes — the most data-rich yet undertaken — is presented. The analysis includes new data and the data from previously published analyses. The differing conclusions of the previous studies are discussed in light of the new analysis. After discussing the status of subge- neric taxonomy in Polistes, the new phylogeny is used to test an important hypothesis regarding the origin of social behavior: the haplodiploidy hypothesis of Hamilton. Prior phylogenetic analyses so while these studies achieved their goal, with within Polistes resolutions leading to rejection of Emery’s Rule, they had little to say about broader phylogenetic Cladistic analysis of species-level relationships patterns within the genus.
    [Show full text]
  • Sociobiology 64(1): 125-129 (March, 2017) DOI: 10.13102/Sociobiology.V64i1.1215
    Sociobiology 64(1): 125-129 (March, 2017) DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v64i1.1215 Sociobiology An international journal on social insects SHORT NOTE Social wasps (Vespidae: Polistinae) from an Amazon rainforest fragment: Ducke Reserve A. Somavilla1,2, M.L. de Oliveira1 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil Article History Abstract Social wasps are common elements in Neotropics, although Edited by even elementary data about this taxon in the Amazon region Gilberto M. M. Santos, UEFS, Brazil Received 16 October 2016 is partially unknown. Therefore the purpose of this work was Initial acceptance 13 February 2017 to increase the knowledge of social wasp fauna at the Ducke Final acceptance 14 February 2017 Reserve, Amazonas. One hundred and three species belonging to Publication date 29 May 2017 nineteen genera were recorded. The richest genera were Polybia (28 species), Agelaia (12) and Mischocyttarus (12). Seventy species Keywords Malaise Agelaia, Amazon rainforest, INPA, paper were collected in active search, 42 species using trap, wasps, Polybia. 25 in suspended trap, 20 in attractive trap and nine in light trap. Ducke Reserve has one of the highest number of Polistinae wasps Corresponding author in reserves or parks in the Neotropic region. Alexandre Somavilla Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Coordenação de Biodiversidade Avenida André Araújo, 2936 Petrópolis, CEP 69067-375 Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil E-Mail: [email protected] The Polistinae social wasps comprise 26 genera and respectively (Silveira et al., 2008),Gurupi Biological Reserve 958 species, and Brazilian social wasps fauna include the with 38 species (Somavilla et al., 2014), Jaú National Park richest in the world, with 321 species (Carpenter & Marques, with 49 species (Somavilla et al., 2015) and Embrapa-Manaus 2001).
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of the Neotropical Swarm- Founding Social Wasp Genus Synoeca (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Molecular Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of the Neotropical Swarm- Founding Social Wasp Genus Synoeca (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) Rodolpho Santos Telles Menezes1,2*, Seán Gary Brady2, Antônio Freire Carvalho3, Marco Antonio Del Lama3, Marco Antônio Costa1 1 Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil, a11111 2 Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States of America, 3 Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil * [email protected] OPEN ACCESS Abstract Citation: Menezes RST, Brady SG, Carvalho AF, The Neotropical Region harbors high biodiversity and many studies on mammals, reptiles, Del Lama MA, Costa MA (2015) Molecular Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of the Neotropical amphibians and avifauna have investigated the causes for this pattern. However, there is a Swarm-Founding Social Wasp Genus Synoeca paucity of such studies that focus on Neotropical insect groups. Synoeca de Saussure, (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). PLoS ONE 10(3): 1852 is a Neotropical swarm-founding social wasp genus with five described species that is e0119151. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119151 broadly and conspicuously distributed throughout the Neotropics. Here, we infer the phylo- Received: October 2, 2014 genetic relationships, diversification times, and historical biogeography of Synoeca species. Accepted: January 9, 2015 We also investigate samples of the disjoint populations of S. septentrionalis that occur in Published: March 4, 2015 both northwestern parts of South America through Central American and the Brazilian At- lantic rainforests. Our results showed that the interspecific relationships for Synoeca could Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, be described as follows: (S.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Three Ecosystems in Itaparica Island, Bahia State, Brazil
    180 March - April 2007 ECOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND BIONOMICS Diversity and Community Structure of Social Wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Three Ecosystems in Itaparica Island, Bahia State, Brazil GILBERTO M. DE M. SANTOS 1, CARLOS C. BICHARA FILHO1, JANETE J. RESENDE 1, JUCELHO D. DA CRUZ 1 AND OTON M. MARQUES2 1Depto. Ciências Biológicas, Univ. Estadual de Feira de Santana, 44.031-460, Feira de Santana, BA, [email protected] 2Depto. Fitotecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais - UFBA, 44380-000, Cruz das Almas, BA Neotropical Entomology 36(2):180-185 (2007) Diversidade e Estrutura de Comunidade de Vespas Sociais (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) em Três Ecossistemas da Ilha de Itaparica, BA RESUMO - A estrutura e a composição de comunidades de vespas sociais associadas a três ecossistemas insulares com fisionomias distintas: Manguezal, Mata Atlântica e Restinga foram analisadas. Foram coletados 391 ninhos de 21 espécies de vespas sociais. A diversidade de vespas encontrada em cada ecossistema está significativamente correlacionada à diversidade de formas de vida vegetal encontrada em cada ambiente estudado (r2 = 0,85; F(1.16) = 93,85; P < 0, 01). A floresta tropical Atlântica foi o ecossistema com maior riqueza de vespas (18 espécies), seguida pela Restinga (16 espécies) e pelo Manguezal (8 espécies). PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ecologia, Polistinae, manguezal, restinga, Mata Atlântica ABSTRACT - We studied the structure and composition of communities of social wasps associated with the three insular ecosystems: mangrove swamp, the Atlantic Rain Forest and the ´restinga´- lowland sandy ecosystems located between the mountain range and the sea. Three hundred and ninety-one nests of 21 social wasp species were collected.
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Cover Enhances Natural Enemy Diversity and Biological Control
    Forest cover enhances natural enemy diversity and biological control services in Brazilian sun coffee plantations Hugo Reis Medeiros, Yuri Campanholo Grandinete, Paul Manning, Karen A. Harper, G. Christopher Cutler, Peter Tyedmers, Ciro Abbud Righi, Milton Cezar Ribeiro To cite this version: Hugo Reis Medeiros, Yuri Campanholo Grandinete, Paul Manning, Karen A. Harper, G. Christopher Cutler, et al.. Forest cover enhances natural enemy diversity and biological control services in Brazilian sun coffee plantations. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Springer Verlag/EDP Sciences/INRA, 2019, 39 (6), pp.50. 10.1007/s13593-019-0600-4. hal-02995101 HAL Id: hal-02995101 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02995101 Submitted on 9 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Agronomy for Sustainable Development (2019) 39: 50 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-019-0600-4 RESEARCH ARTICLE Forest cover enhances natural enemy diversity and biological control services in Brazilian sun coffee plantations Hugo Reis Medeiros1,2 & Yuri Campanholo Grandinete3 & Paul Manning4 & Karen A. Harper5,6 & G. Christopher Cutler4 & Peter Tyedmers 6 & Ciro Abbud Righi2,7 & Milton Cezar Ribeiro1 Accepted: 14 October 2019 /Published online: 6 November 2019 # The Author(s) 2019 Abstract Landscape structure and crop management directly affect insect communities, which can influence agriculturally relevant ecosystem services and disservices.
    [Show full text]
  • Alarma E Defesa No Ninho De Synoeca Surinama (L) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) (*)
    Alarma e defesa no ninho de Synoeca surinama (L) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) (*) E. G . Castellón( .. ) Resumo RESULTADOS Relaciona-se neste estudo o comportamento soc1al As vespas respondem geralmente à pre­ da comunicação durante o alarma e defesa do ninho de S . surinama na presença de vespas S . surinama sença de insetos, a uma curta distância: até de colônias diferentes e vespas Polistes canadensis. 1 O ou 15 em produzindo alarma no ninho. De­ lncrimmam-se aspectos viSLlais e feromõnios como es­ pendendo da proximidade do intruso, do grau tímulos de excitação e ataque. e relacionam-se os fél· de ag ressivid3de e do número de vespas sobre tores necessários para produzir alarma geral no ninho, o invólucro entre outros fatores. a resposta como são: golpes sobre u invólucro e tempo de vibra· ção das asas das guardiãs dos ninhos . pode ser uma excitação individual ou coletiva. A excitação pode demorar até um máximo de INTRODUÇÃO 15 minutos. Quando uma vespa sobre o invó• lucro detecta a presença do intruso, produz-se Quando se causa um distúrbio nas proxi­ a resposta individual, abrindo e cerrando as mic!at.!es do ninho, as vespas que comumente asas e levantando o abdome. À medida que se encontram sobre o invólucro deste, adotam abrem e cerram as asas, avançam rapidamente um comportamento de alarma que consiste em um trecho em linha reta ou em círculos. produ­ excitação, vibração repentina das asas e pro­ zindo um zumb ido com as asas, audível a 5 m dução de som (golpes sobre o invólucro e zum­ de distância.
    [Show full text]
  • Description of the Male of Brachygastra Moebiana Saussure 1867 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Epiponini)
    ISSN 1983-0572 Publicação do Projeto Entomologistas do Brasil www.ebras.bio.br Description of the male of Brachygastra moebiana Saussure 1867 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Epiponini) Sergio Ricardo Andena¹ & Sidnei Mateus² 1. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratória de Sistemática de Inseto, e-mail: [email protected] (Autor para correspondência). 2. Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo - Departamento de Biologia, Setor de Ecologia e Evolução, e-mail: [email protected]. _____________________________________ EntomoBrasilis 4 (2): 75-77 (2011) Abstract. The male of Brachygastra moebiana (de Saussure) is described, including figures of male genitalia and notes about the Richards’s description of what he supposed to be the same species. Keywords: Brachygastra moebiana; Epiponini; male genitalia. Descrição do macho de Brachygastra moebiana (de Saussure) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Epiponini) Resumo. O macho de Brachygastra moebiana (de Saussure) é descrito, incluindo figuras da genitália e notas sobre a descrição contida em Richards (1978), da espécie, que supostamente é a mesma. Palavras-Chave: Brachygastra moebiana; Epiponini; Genitália de macho. _____________________________________ rachygastra is a Neotropical genus of social wasps (AN DE N A et al. 2007; 2009a; 2009b; PICKETT & WE N ZEL 2007). with sixteen species described and distributed from NAUMA nn (1968) analyzed 4754 specimens, but only 99 were BSouthwestern of the United States to Argentina (NAUMA nn males and most of them belonged to two species. Still, he depicted 1968; RICHA R DS 1978; CA R PE N TE R A N D MA R QUES 2001). The genus and described the male genitalia of Brachygastra lecheguana is easily recognized by the prominent, projecting scutellum (Latreille), Brachygastra mellifica (Say), Brachygastra azteca which, together with the metanotum and propodeum, forms (de Saussure), Brachygastra augusti (de Saussure), B.
    [Show full text]