WANGFORD Conservation Area

Written by the Waveney District Council Design & Conservation Team

Final, Summer 2009 Character appraisal Church of St Peter & St Paul from south west

This copy has been produced specifically for Planning and Building Control purposes only. No further copies may be made. Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Crown Copyright reserved. Licence No. 100042052 Waveney District Council.

Contents

Page 3: Introduction Planning policy framework West end of High Street Page 4: Map of existing conservation area and listed buildings 1839 Tithe map of Wangford Page 5: Assessment of special interest Page 6: Ordnance Survey maps of Wangford Page 8: View of Wangford circa 1900 Page 9: Historic development and archaeology Page 12: Map of significant green spaces Page 12: Map of views within, into and out of existing conservation area Page 13: Spatial analysis Page 14: Map showing buildings which make a Little Priory and Church positive contribution to the conservation Street from the area (local list) churchyard Page 14: Building heights map Page 18: Prevalent and traditional building materials and details Page 21: Summary of special interest Page 23: Community involvement Local generic guidance Appendix 1: List descriptions Page 27: Appendix 2: Local list descriptions Page 32: Appendix 3: Bibliography Page 32: Appendix 4: Useful information Nos 13-31 High Street Page 33: Appendix 5: Glossary

2 Wangford Conservation Area Wangford Conservation Area was designated Character Appraisal in 1973. Designation as a Conservation Area is not Introduction intended to prevent new development, or stifle the area’s economic life or potential, The historic environment is all around us in though it is expected that a high degree of the form of buildings, landscapes, attention will be paid to design, repair and archaeology and historic areas; it is a maintenance in such areas and, when precious and irreplaceable asset. Once gone exercising planning powers, the Council it is gone forever. will pay special attention to the preservation and enhancement of the Conservation Area Caring for the historic environment is a according to the policies for the built dynamic process which involves managing environment set out in the Waveney District change. This does not mean keeping Council Core Strategy, adopted 2009, the everything from the past but it does mean adopted Local Plan of November 1996, and making careful judgements about the value the Interim Local Plan, May 2004. and significance of buildings and landscapes. Critical to these decisions is an In recognition of these policies and in line understanding and appreciation of an area’s with the requirements of the 1990 Planning character, including its social and economic (Listed Buildings & Conservation Areas) Act, background and the way in which such The Council will continue to formulate and factors have shaped its urban fabric. This publish proposals for the preservation and should be the starting point for making enhancement of the Conservation Area and decisions about both its management and will consult the public on these proposals. future.

This Conservation Area appraisal: describes the character of the area identifies its special character puts forward a basis for effective control of development identifies proposals for its enhancement

Planning Policy Framework

Conservation Areas were introduced through the Civic Amenities Act in 1967 and there are sixteen in Waveney District, two of which are now administered by the Broads Authority. Conservation Areas are ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’. The

3 Map showing the location of the existing conservation area within the village of Wangford

Key

Grade I listed building. Grade II listed building.

1839 Tithe Map of Wangford

4 Assessment of special interest west overlooking marshes by the River Wang. Excluded from the conservation area, in Location and context addition to many mid- to late twentieth Wangford (meaning ‘ford by the open century buildings in Wangford, are fields’) is a well-kept village situated four significant historic elements of the village, to miles inland from the east coastal town of both north and south: Southwold, in north east Suffolk. Surrounded by gently undulating farm- and Pound Corner – the historic intersection marshland and bounded on the west side by between the London to Great Yarmouth the River Wang, a tributary of the Blyth River, route and roads to nearby market towns 1 and villages. it is 5 /2 miles east of the market town of 1 Recreation ground and allotments – the Halesworth, 8 /2 miles south east of Beccles 1 site of the pound where cattle were held and 11 /2 miles south of Lowestoft. It is a quiet rural village with a population of awaiting slaughter. around 600, and is a residential area for the Intersection of Norfolk Road, Hill Road employed and retired, also housing tourists and Church Street – historic gateway to the in a number of holiday cottages. village from Southwold and the coast.

Wangford is well-connected to the road General character and plan form network, having the A12 from London to A rural village, Wangford developed along Great Yarmouth running along its western the main coaching route from London to boundary, intersected by the Southwold to Great Yarmouth at its junction with the Beccles road which forms the eastern edge Southwold to Beccles road, and at its height of the village. It is served by bus routes to had five inns and beerhouses to cater for many nearby towns and villages, but has both local and passing trade. The village was never been connected to the railway bypassed in the mid 1970s. network. Although Wangford is lucky to retain an excellent village shop, residents Modern Wangford is a quiet place, giving are obliged to travel for many, if not most of little indication of the activity which their purchases. formerly took place here. It is in a linear form along the High Street, the old north- The Wangford Conservation Area is small, at south coaching route, with a turning approximately 8 hectares in size, and towards Southwold at the village centre by comprises the historic core of the parish the church, and a further intersection to the surrounding the Church of St Peter & St Paul, north, where roads to Southwold, Uggeshall including the northern half of Church Street and the A12 meet. These two side streets, and most of the High Street, stopping just Church Street and Norfolk Road, intersect short of Pound Corner. The medieval church further south enclosing a triangle of land, and its grounds account for perhaps 20% of largely outside the conservation area, which the conservation area, and contribute contains the greater part of modern day significant trees and open space. The Wangford. remainder contains an eclectic mix of mostly housing, of generally Georgian, Victorian and Landscape setting more modern construction, and important Wangford lies in a gently undulating garden and paddock areas to the south and landscape of mixed soil quality, with high

5 1884 Ordnance Survey 1904 Ordnance Survey Map of Wangford Map of Wangford

1987 Ordnance Survey Map of Wangford

6 quality farmland to the north, and low to the south west, where the Wangford Marshes, a County Wildlife Site, adjoin the River Wang and intrude slightly into the conservation area. The River Wang forms its western boundary, close to where it flows under the A12. The river is largely inaccessible, and plays no visible part in the life of modern Wangford.

The entire Wangford conservation area forms part of the extensive Kessingland to Southwold Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).

To the west of the village is the Henham Estate, designated as a Historic Park and home to successive Earls of Stradbroke.

Recent development Considerable local authority housing development took place in the centre of Wangford in the mid 1900s, some of it on a site behind the Church Street almshouses, where previously stood Tower Mill.

Since the village was bypassed in the mid 1970s, there has been infill housing development between the High Street and the bypass, now largely obscured from view from the A12 by mature planting.

Further infill development has taken place here and there within the village, most recently to the south east of Norfolk Road.

7 View of Wangford High St circa 1900

Little Priory Church porch Church tower

Stone tablet View south west from rear of church Chancel wall detail

8 Historic development and archaeology one of only twenty of this size in all of Suffolk. At this time, Wangford had 26-50 The origins and historic development of households, of which more than half were the area poor. Southwold had in excess of 300 Wangford takes its name from the ford over households, more than half of them poor. the River Wang, said to have been used by Henham by contrast had 1-25 households, the Romans to reach Lowestoft. Recent less than a quarter poor. excavations at Henham quarry, however, suggest that people may have been living in Between 1811 and 1851, in common with the Wangford area since the early Bronze other villages in the vicinity, the population Age. of Wangford grew by between 33 and 50%. By the middle of the nineteenth century, In 1066, Wangford was a manor of 2 much of the housing in the Wangford carucates (1 carucate = 120 acres), held by conservation area had been built. Lowestoft Thored. Wangford is known to have had a and Southwold grew by more than 50% community since before 1085, when it was during the same period, while Henham saw mentioned in the Domesday Book. At this a 10-33% decline. time the manor belonged to Ralph Baynard and was held by Anbold. At this time, Wangford was a thriving community and largely self-sufficient. In South of the medieval Church of St Peter & 1831, there were 70 residents employed in St Paul is the site of a Cluniac priory agriculture, 75 in retail, 12 professionals, 19 founded by Doudo Asini before 1159 as a in domestic service, 1 labourer and 1 other. dependency of Thetford. It had 3-5 monks The records of 1844 give more detail: 2 when it was dissolved in 1540. The priory tailors, 5 victuallers, vet, baker, buildings are thought to have adjoined the plumber/glazier/painter, 2 beerhouse south side of the church, the last portions keepers, pork butcher, 2 surgeons, having been demolished in the late bricklayers, 2 grocer/drapers, butcher, nineteenth century. glover, wheelwright, timber merchant, saddler, yeoman, corn miller, schoolteacher, Between 1500 and 1549, there were 3 3 blacksmiths, 5 boot/shoemakers, 3 farmers husbandmen and 1 tailor in Wangford; by and a maltster. 1599, there were 3 yeomen, 5 husbandmen, 1 tailor and 1 miller. By the close of the Between 1851 and 1951, Wangford’s seventeenth century, there were 7 yeomen, population declined by 33-50%. Meanwhile, 2 husbandmen, 3 cordwainers, 1 tailor, 1 the populations of Reydon, Kessingland and innholder, 1 grocer and 1 blacksmith. Lowestoft were growing by in excess of 50%. Records for 1912, and pre-WW2 childhood Since 1544, successive generations of the memories of local residents, give a picture Rous family, earls of Stradbroke since 1821, of a very lively village until at least WW2, have been principal landowners in however. In 1912, there were in Wangford a Wangford and nearby Henham. The 1674 sub-postmaster, schoolmaster, police officer, Hearth Tax identifies Henham Hall, their surgeon, 3 hotel owners, 3 butchers, 2 seat, as having in excess of 30 hearths, it bakers, 2 grocers, a rate collector, then being the largest house in Waveney and shoemaker, saddler, smith, registrar, boot

9 The village stores, 16 High Street Moulded brick eaves detail, 16 High Street

The old post office, 10 High Street Detail of the old post office, 10 High Street

Coachouse, for the Earl of Stradbroke’s carriage Coachouse door hinge detail

10 repairer, harness maker, 2 farmers, 3 Med. animal bone (CR14 9142) shopkeepers, 3 beer retailers, hairdresser, cycle agent, wheelwright, miller, Scheduled ancient monuments: refreshment rooms owner, stationer, None thatcher, market gardener, artificial manure agent and tailor. Historic parks: Henham Estate From 1951-1981, Wangford’s population remained static while Reydon continued to grow.

The variety and quality of Wangford’s built heritage is in part due to its association with successive Earls of Stradbroke at Henham Hall, whose buildings in Wangford include a shop, estate workers’ cottages (nos. 61 & 63 Church Street) and almshouses within the village, and the handsome school (built 1853-4) on the east side of the A12 near Henham Estate. There is a family resemblance between the Victorian phase of building on the Henham Estate and some of the 2nd Earl’s Wangford buildings of the same period.

Archaeology in and around the village of Wangford

Archaeological sites: Med. Priory (CRN 1114) Church of St Peter (CR14 1115) Ring ditch (RRN 1116)

Stray finds: Med. pottery (cR14 1119) key (cR14 1123) Pal. axe (CR14 9037, 9139) Mes. implement (CRN 9140) Rom. pottery (CRN 9141) bowl (CRN 1121) Neo. worked flint (CRN 1122)

Scatter finds: Rom. pottery (CRN 1117, 1118, 9036, 1120) Med. pottery (CR14 9038, 9138)

11 Significant green spaces within the existing conservation area

Key

Grade I listed building. Grade II listed building. Building which makes a positive contribution to the area. Significant green space

Important views within, into and out of the existing conservation area

Key

Grade I listed building. Grade II listed building. Building which makes a positive contribution to the area. Important view

12 Spatial analysis marshes, tall mature trees frame the view along Church Street at the southern edge of The character and inter-relationship of the conservation area. spaces within the areas The principal spaces within the The only publicly-accessible green space conservation area are linear. Opposite the within the conservation area is the churchyard, the High Street, the old churchyard, but there are also significant coaching route from London to Great private garden and paddock areas Yarmouth, is enclosed on the northern side immediately south and west of the by an attractive assortment of one- to two- churchyard which contribute to important and-a-half-storey buildings at or close to the open views out of the conservation area. pavement edge; many are former hostelries or shops, some retaining shopfronts and Rear garden areas behind buildings on the having outbuildings to the rear. In the past, north side of the High Street are also of they faced a crowded terrace of small significance, as is that of no 16 High Street cottages and shops between the churchyard and the generous front gardens of no 8 gate and Church Street; now no. 8 sits in Church Street. In many cases, these open isolation, its neighbours having been areas, shown on the map opposite, also demolished during the twentieth century. contain mature trees which make an important contribution to the conservation Further east along the High Street, modern area. infill housing development has taken place on both sides of the road, and into Old There are no public squares within the Priory Gardens, terminating at the conservation area. recreation ground shortly before Pound Corner. The only public footpath in the conservation area runs north west from the Further west, the conservation area drops High Street, between nos. 43 and 45. Since downhill in the direction of the River Wang, the village was by-passed in the 1970s, ending in a leafy glade at the point where however, this footpath has been truncated the High Street is truncated by the stretch of by the new road and by subsequent A12 which bypassed Wangford in the 1970s. development, and is now disused. This area is dominated by mature trees and the large and elegant façade of Ford House. Key views and vistas The Church of St Peter & St Paul, and Church Street is enclosed along its eastern particularly its tower, is a key landmark of side by densely packed one-and-a-half and Wangford, and there are many fine close two-storey cottages, some formerly shops views of it to be had from within the and one or two retaining shopfronts. The conservation area. It also forms part of an west side of the street is much more open, important long view into the conservation with views across the churchyard at the area from the allotments and Norfolk Road. north end and, to the south of the church, more distant rural views south-westwards Elsewhere, views are somewhat restricted to out of the village. Further south, beyond a what can be seen, either from the private leafy lane leading towards the churchyard, or along roads looking both

13 Buildings which make a positive contribution to the conservation area (local list)

Key

Grade I listed building. Grade II listed building. Building which makes a positive contribution to the area.

Building heights

Key

Grade I listed building. One or one-and- a-half storey building

Two or two-and- a-half storey building

14 into and out of the conservation area. Victorian phase of building on the Estate Particularly attractive are the views both itself. They are fashionable buildings from and towards the western end of the characterised by the use of Suffolk white High Street, where terraces of unspoilt, brick, sometimes in combination with red close packed cottages give way to the brick and always displaying high quality mature trees and gardens of Ford House. workmanship and detailing. Their vertical Views both ways along Church Street are sliding sash windows, being generally mid- also of significance. to-late Victorian, have horns and fewer panes, and are set back half a brick from the There are important long views south- face of the brickwork. westwards from Church Street south of the church. In addition to the above categories of Wangford buildings is the odd one-off, built Many smaller, glimpsed views can be had for commercial purposes but now through gaps in the streetscape, particularly converted for residential use; the former north of the High Street and east of Church White Lion Inn at 35-37 High Street is a Street, where in places historic outbuildings good example of this category. and yards sit behind the street frontages. Set out in appendix 2 is a detailed description of all unlisted buildings considered to make a positive Architectural and historic qualities of contribution to the appearance of the conservation area. the buildings, and their contribution to The full list description of all statutorily listed buildings the area appears in appendix 1. Wangford is an attractive village, whose Note that descriptions of buildings given in this appraisal present day air of tranquillity conceals from are generally limited to architectural character as seen the casual visitor any inkling of its bustling from the public domain. past. Look a little closer, however, and it is apparent that the sheer variety of its The Public Realm buildings, now mostly in residential use, tell The streets of Wangford all have a tarmac their own stories of past uses: shops, finish. Where there are pavements, these hostelries, forge, bakery, post office… also have a tarmac finish with concrete kerbstones. Here and there are grass verges Of the mostly eighteenth and nineteenth and, along the High Street, attractive small century buildings within the conservation cobbled areas between the road and area, many conform to the local vernacular, pavement. Pathways through the churchyard with red or black pantiled roofs with gable are of compacted gravel or grass. parapets, red brick walls with decorative dentil courses or other decorative detailing There is little street furniture: a concrete at eaves level, and multi-paned vertical bench with timber slats in the High Street, a sliding sash windows set flush with the shallow but functional bus shelter neatly surrounding brickwork. tucked into the hedge in Church Street, various unattractive waste bins, one or two Some of Wangford’s buildings, however, are street lights of a utilitarian nature and erratic markedly different from the prevailing siting. vernacular; these were built by Henham Estate and bear a family resemblance to the There are some overhead cables.

15 The war memorial in the churchyard Grave markers in the churchyard

Milestone in the High Street Topiary at 7-9 High Street

Mature trees at no 8 Church Street View south-west from Church Street

16 Heritage Assets The extent of intrusion or damage The conservation area contains no scheduled None immediately apparent. ancient monuments. It contains 13 listed buildings (a total of 19 properties). Of these, The existence of neutral areas only the church is grade I listed, the others all The telephone exchange between nos. 14a being grade II. and 16 High Street is a neutral area.

This study identifies a number of unlisted General condition buildings that make a contribution to the Wangford conservation area is in good conservation area, and form the proposed ‘Local condition. Generally, its owners appear to List’. There are around 40 such properties in the have both inclination and means to keep their Wangford conservation area and a further 35 in properties in good repair and their gardens the proposed extensions to it. well tended. The village shop and Angel Public House give the village a valuable focus In general, Wangford conservation area is well notably missing from many villages nowadays. maintained, with rare but quite prominent exceptions. Additionally, one or two fine Problems, pressures and capacity for historic buildings have suffered upvc window change replacements which have been highly The problems associated with heavy traffic detrimental to their historic and architectural flow through the village, once cause of integrity. Wangford’s prosperity, but also contributory to the more recent decline in the quality of Additional assets village life, have melted away since Wangford War memorial and grave markers in the was bypassed in the 1970s. The resulting lack churchyard. of through traffic might now be seen as a Milestone in the High Street. problem for local businesses, although one gets the impression that the present peaceful The contribution made to the character environment is much cherished by the of the conservation area by green spaces; residents of Wangford. and its biodiversity value The contribution of the larger green spaces to The degradation and loss of historic features of the character of the conservation area has the unlisted buildings is cause for concern, and been mentioned; however, it is necessary to the conservation area would benefit from the mention the attractive contribution of smaller imposition of an article 4(2) direction, which garden areas, which add significantly to the would also bring it into line with the majority interest and vitality of the area, and soften and of conservation areas within Waveney district. enhance the built environment. Of particular note are the gardens of nos. 6a, 9&11, and 16 Article 4(2) directions make further High Street and 25 and 33 Church Street; also restrictions on permitted development rights the mature trees contained within the gardens to residential properties in conservation of The Old Vicarage and no 6 Church Street. areas. Once imposed on an area, planning permission is required to make any change of To the west of the conservation area is part of design or material to any part of the property the Wangford Marshes, a County Wildlife Site facing a public thoroughfare. The planning and therefore a valuable habitat. application is free.

17 Prevalent and traditional building materials and details

Suffolk soft red brick laid in the following bonds: Flemish, occasionally with burnt headers, English monk rat-trap

Suffolk white brick, in Flemish bond, with highly decorative moulded brick detailing

Render, occasionally ashlared

Historic ‘pintle’ window in Black glazed, grey and red clay pantile, fishscale-slated dormer at no 1 High St combined with gable parapets, occasionally with tumbled in brickwork

Welsh slate, including fishscale slates on door hoods

Cobble and red brick garden walls

Stone and flintwork at the church, including flushwork

Traditional timber vertical sliding sash windows with 6 or more panes per sash, fitted flush with the front face of the brickwork, or with fewer panes and set back by half a brick.

Early ‘pintle’ windows with timber frames Bow window and fishscale-slated door hood at 27 High St and metal opening casements hung on pintle hinges.

Timber doorcases

Door hoods on sturdy moulded brackets

External shutters

Shopfronts, some with bow windows

Dutch gable at no 4 High St

18 Historic garden gate in churchyard Cobble and red brick wall Initialed and dated red brickwork with white brick coping at no 13 Church St at no 2 Church St

Detail of historic shopfront Ashlar detailing to 15 Church Street Cobbled verge and historic shopfront at 29 High St at 29 High St

Knapped flint ‘flushwork’ detailing Insurance marker at no 19 High St Datestone at no 16 High St to church buttress

Decorative chimney stack at The White Lion Decorative eaves brackets at no 13 High St Shutters at no 15 High St

19 The church tower seen from the south Poor design of replacement windows has a negative impact

A scenic view out of the conservation area Bus shelter in Church Street near The Old Vicarage

Church Street seen from the churchyard A bench and a bin outside the churchyard

20 Summary for enhancement, by means of higher quality products and materials, when Positive aspects/strengths opportunities become available. Telephone The aspects of the conservation area that supply cables are much in evidence, but give it character and make it a place worth these do not overwhelm views. preserving are its: historic significance The introduction of upvc in nineteenth and architectural quality even eighteenth century buildings looks open green space and trees incongruous but is not controlled at views present, as it would be in most other conservation areas in Waveney, by an article Although many East Anglian villages were 4(2) direction requiring planning busier and more populous in past centuries permission for replacement windows. It is than they are today, this is particularly the recommended that this be introduced as case with Wangford, whose prosperity was part of this study. as a result not only of farming, but also of its coaching facilities and close connection with the Henham Estate. Its multi-faceted past has provided it with a rich variety of buildings, both within and outside its conservation area, which are generally well cared-for.

The church and churchyard contribute greatly to the conservation area, both in terms of public green space and the architectural and historic significance of the church and the Henham Estate coachhouse in the churchyard.

Other open green spaces offer a welcome contrast to the sense of enclosure created by tightly-packed buildings within the conservation area, and mature trees frame the views.

Negative aspects/weaknesses The two most disappointing aspects of the conservation area are: the public realm the prevalence of upvc replacement windows fitted in historic properties

The materials and fittings within the public realm are inconspicuous, but scope exists

21 1, 3 & 5 High Street

9 & 11 High Street 33 High Street

27 & 29 High Street The Angel Inn, High Street

31 High Street 4 High Street

22 Community Involvement Appendix 1: List descriptions

(Note that all are grade II listed, except the church). The draft document was distributed for stakeholder consultation. External Churchyard consultees included the Secretary of State, Church of St Peter & St Paul (grade 1 listed) Parish church. Mid C15 nave, north aisle and north porch; English Heritage, Suffolk County Council, restored 1864-70. Tower of 1864: chancel and south vestry Wangford Parish Council, etc. (A full list of of 1875, all by E.L. Blackburne in a modified Perpendicular consultees is available from the Design & style with French Gothic influence. Random flint rubble, stone dressings; pantiled roof to nave, plaintiled roofs to Conservation Department on request). chancel and vestry, all with crest tiles. The tower is at the east end of the north aisle: square, with angle buttresses at Additionally, a public exhibition was held, the corners and a staircase turret at the south-east angle; various moulded stone string courses; large 2-light bell on May 27th 2009, at Wangford Community chamber openings, each with 3 blank quatre foil panells at Centre, where residents were asked to give the base; crenellated parapet with panelled flushwork and crocketed pinnacles. 3-bay aisle with 3-light Pe5rpendicular their written views. windows. Simple porch, slightly earlier than the aisle to which it is attached: there is a moulded entrance arch with There was strong support for proposals an empty cusped niche above. C14 moulded to nave doorway. To the west the nave has flanking turrets capped from those who attended the public by spirelets and a 4-light window; to the south are 3 3-light exhibition, including the proposed Perpendicular windows and 3 flying buttresses. 2-bay extensions to the conservation area. As a chancel; 4-light east window below which is a flushwork frieze and inscription to Johannes Rous, Earl of Stradbrook, result of comments received, a paragraph dated 1875. Both nave and chancel have flat parapets. concerning pedestrian safety was added to Interior. 3-bay aisle arcade, the eastern bay formed in mid the document, but no other changes were C19. Both the nave and aisle are unusually wide. 4-bay C15 nave roof: arched-braced embattled tie beams alternate made to management proposals. These are with high collars; at the apex are large bosses, some in the incorporated in a separate document form of human heads. 3-bay C15 aisle roof. Ornate 4-bay referred to as the Wangford Conservation chancel roof with arched-bracing amnd angels at the foot of each wallpost. C15 octagonal font with quatrefoil panel Area Management Plan, which is available as to each face of the bowl. Fine reading desk and pulpit with a stand-alone document on the Waveney much elaborate inlaid work: these were originally part of District Council website. one C17 structure at Henham Hall. the chancel has good choirstalls and elaborately-carved stone reredos, piscina and sedilia, all of 1875. In the aisle are wall monuments to Full details of comments received during the Sir John Rous (1652) and John Rous (1771); on the south consultation process, and how these were nave wall are monuments to John, First Earl of Stradbrook (1827) by Behnes, and to John Rous (1730): a rococo dealt with, is available at the Waveney District cartouche against an obelisk, with 3 winged cherubs Council Design & Conservation Department. beneath. Several windows with late C19 stained glass.

Coach House in the churchyard Former coach house, now used as a store. Mid-late C19, Local Generic Guidance probably for one of the Earls of Stradbroke. Flint rubble, yellow brick dressings; the roof has plaintiles to the west Guidance is contained in Waveney District and pantiles to the east, with crest tiles. One storey. The Council’s ‘A guide for owners and occupiers front gable end has a segmental pointed-arch opening with of properties in conservation areas’ and ‘A stone springers and key; boarded cart doors. The side facing the church has 2 groups of 3 unglazed splayed lancet guide for owners and occupiers of listed openings. A coach house in this position is shown on buildings’. See also the Waveney District Henry Davy's drawing of the church made in 1847. An Council Core Strategy 2009, and in unusual example of a coach house within a churchyard. particular policies CS01, CS02, CS11 and High Street odds CS17; also ENV 15-24 of the Interim Local 1,3,5 High Street Plan 2004. Row of 3 cottages. Late C18, No.1 possibly a later addition;

23 No.5 extended to right mid C20. Colourwashed brick, black pantiled roof. One and a half storeys. 6 windows: No.1 has C19 casements under flat arches, Nos. 3 & 5 have mid C20 casements under segmental arches. No.1 has a 4- panel door (the upper 2 panels glazed), Nos. 3 & 5 mid C20 doors. 5 dormer windows with later C19 overhanging bracketed gables with shaped bargeboards, spike and drop finials and slated roofs; the right hand dormer is a mid C20 addition. Brick dentil eaves cornice to No.1. One internal stack and a gable end stack to the left.

9 & 11 High Street 2 cottages. Early C18, the right hand end (No.11) probably 10 High Street a later addition. Colourwashed brick, pantiled roof. One and a half storeys. 3 windows: sashes with glazing bars in flush frames under flat brick arches to No.9, later large- paned sashes under segmental arches to No.11. 2 doorways each with 6-panel door, moulded architrave and small flat hood. 2 gabled dormers to No.9, one half-dormer to No.11. Brick dentil eaves cornice to No.11. 2 internal stacks and a gable end stack to the right.

27 & 29 High Street 2 houses with former ground-floor shops. Early C19 face, probably C18 core. Colourwashed brick, the facade plastered and lined in imitation of ashlar. Slated roof. 2 storeys. 4 windows, sashes with glazing bars in flush frames; over each window is a mid C19 gable with shaped bargeboards and spike and drop finials. No.27 has a 3-light I Old Vicarage, Church Street bow shop window with curved, small-pane sashes and cornice; 6-panel door (the upper 2 panels glazed) and later C19 gabled hood on shaped brackets. No.29 has a good double bow shop window, each with 36 panes, and a central panelled door (originally glazed); there is a continuous fluted frieze and a cornice with dentils and modillions.

31 High Street Formerly the Swan Inn, now a private dwelling. Late C18. Colourwashed brick, pantiled roof with glazed black tiles at the front. 2 storeys. 3 windows: large late C19 tripartite sahses under segmental arches on the ground floor, small C19 casements on the first floor. 6-panel entrance door with the upper 2 panels glazed. Brick dentil eaves cornice. 15 Church Street Included for group value.

33 High Street House, standing gable end onto the road. Late C17/early C18 with later alterations and additions. Brick, mostly with smooth render, otherwise colourwashed; glazed black pantiles. 2 storeys and attic. Various windows, mostly of mid C20; on the left hand return there are sash windows, with one painted dummy window, and 2 glazed doors. At the rear is a Dutch gable with integral stack. Included for group value.

39 High Street (Angel Inn) Former coaching inn, now a public house. L shape plan with various rear additions. Early C19 facade, C18 core. Mostly timber framed, but probably partly rebuilt in brick, 21 Church Street all plastered; hipped roof of glazed black pantiles. 2

24 storeys. 5 windows, inset sashes with glazing bars. Central 15 Church Street doorway with mid C20 4-panel door (the upper 2 panels House. Early C19 facade, probably to C18 core. Brick, with glazed) and rectangular fanlight; heavy Tuscan pilasters stuccoed facade lined in imitation of ashlar; pantiled roof, and entablature in stucco. To the left of the door is a with glazed black tiles to the front. 2 storeys. 3 windows, modern semi-circular headed window, and to the left of slightly inset large-paned sashes; the windows to the right this a second doorway now blocked. The right hand return hand bay are narrow, the other 2 bays being symmetrical has the remains of a plaster cove eaves cornice. Now about the entrance bay which is set slightly forward. Lobby Known as Angel Inn. entrance with 6-panel door (the upper 2 panels glazed). panelled pilasters and entablature with bracketed cornice. High Street Evens Moulded eaves cornice and flat parapet with a shallow 4 High Street pediment over the entrance bay. Internal stack of grey House. Early C18 with later work to rear forming a double brick. Parapet gable ends. pile plan. Red brick, with some burnt headers; roof of black pantiles. 2 storeys and attic. One window, sashes with 21 Church Street glazing bars in flush frames: these are later insertions, the House. Early C19. Red brick; pantiled roof with glazed original smaller openings now blocked. Doorway with black tiles to the front. 2 storeys. Symmetrical 3-bay facade: inset 6-panel door, moulded architrave and slated gabled sash windows with glazing bars in flush frames under flat hood on shaped brackets. Brick band at first floor level. brick arches. Central doorway with 6-panel door (the Dutch gable end to right, with a 2-storey lean-to addition: upper 2 panels glazed), frieze and cornice on shaped the gable end has small paired windows at attic level (one brackets. Brick dentil eaves cornice. Parapet gable ends blocked) and a brick band below; integral stack. with integral stacks.

10 High Street House and shop, occupying a prominent corner site. Dated 1879 in a gable over the main entrance, with the words 'Post Office' below. Colourwashed brick, slated roof. 2 storeys and attic. The facade is symmetrical about the corner, with a total of 5 bays, the windows arranged 2:3:1:3:2; the corner bay is set forward and chamfered to form the main entrance to the shop., The bays are divided by brick pilasters, rusticated on the ground floor. Moulded cornice at first floor level; overhanging eaves on shaped brackets. Large-paned sash windows under broad segmental stuccoed arches with keys. Each bay has one gabled half-dormer with a semi-circular headed sash window. The bays each side of the entrance have cast iron shop fronts, each with 3 arched lights divided by barleysugar columns with acanthus capitals and openwork ornament in the spandrels; embellished cast iron frieze. Twin half-glazed entrance doors with segmental fanlight over. Included for group value and for good quality shop fronts of the period.

Church Street 1, 2, 3 The Old Vicarage, Church Street House, previously the vicarage. early C18 with considerable C19 alterations and rear additions; the earlier ranges from an L shape plan. Colourwashed brick; the roof of the front range is slated, the remainder pantiled (glazed black tiles). 2 storeys with attics to the front range. 4 windows to road facade, sashes with glazing bars in flush frames under cambered arches; evidence for a 5th bay to the left, now blocked. Asymmetrical doorway with 6-panel raised and fielded door, plain rectangular fanlight, pilasters and mid C20 bracketed hood. There is a stucco band at first floor level and a moulded brick eaves cornice. The north wing has C18 mullion and transome windows with small panes, some blank panels and a brick dentil eaves cornice. Heavy internal stack to each wing. The front range has one fully panelled room: the panelling is mainly C19 except for a small amount of imported C17 material.

25 5a High Street 35-37 High Street

7 High Street 41 & 43 High Street

13, 15, 17, 19 High Street Ford House, High Street

21, 23, 25 High Street 6a & 6 High Street

26 flush fitted windows at first floor consisting of paired, Appendix 2: Descriptions of buildings horned 4/4 pane vertical sliding sashes, with similar triple that make a positive contribution to the sashes to ground floor beneath shallow canopies. First conservation area (Local List) floor windows have dentil detailing, incorporating leaf decoration, beneath sills. Central panelled double doors, half glazed, with 2/4 stained glass vertical sliding sash Note that this list may not be exhaustive, and descriptions sidelights. Shallow balcony over, with simple iron of buildings are necessarily limited to architectural balustrading and white lion statue, is supported on large character as seen from the public domain. metal brackets. To left side of front elevation is a single- storey, flat-roofed link to no 33 with paired, horned, 4/1 High Street Odds pane vertical sliding sash windows. To right side of front elevation is a secondary, stained glass door with porch 5a canopy supported on timber brackets. Side elevation to A modern one-and-a-half storey dwelling of painted brick north east has a further pair of giant pilasters to the left with a grey pantiled roof. This has an attractive corbelled (front corner) with very narrow, paired, horned, 2/2 pane corner detail. vertical sliding sash windows between. At ground floor level, towards the rear, a canted bay window and pair of 7 part-glazed, panelled doors sit beneath a canopy Single storey painted brick former Henham Estate supported on timber brackets, with a small modern blacksmith’s forge, with a red clay pantiled roof with a window above. A modern stone tablet featuring a coat of small remnant of decorative ridge tiling. arms is set into the wall.

Outbuilding to rear of 7 Outbuilding to NE of White Lion Court Single storey, L-shaped red brick outbuilding with red clay Single storey. pantiled roof, hipped at front. 41 Outbuilding to rear of 13 Two storey double-fronted eighteenth century cottage, of Single storey, red brick converted outbuilding. red brick with south west gable parapet and black glazed pantile roof. Probably originally detached, but later 13-19 (odds) and 21-25 (odds) extended to the north east (no 43). Internal chimney stacks This is a historic group, unlisted but remarkably intact. It on gables, dentil course beneath moulded brick eaves has red brick elevations with rendered plinths, largely 8/8 cornice. Shallow canted two-storey bay windows to either unhorned sashes, two per cottage, flush fitted, beneath side of central modern door in historic timber doorcase of rubbed brick flat arches at ground floor level, and black simple design. Flush fitted nineteenth century style 1/1 pantiled roofs, part glazed. Although the roofscape pane vertical sliding sash windows. Rendered gable end suggests two attached terraces (13-19) and (21-25), the wall and picket fence enclosing small front garden. brickwork to front elevations is individual except for (15- 17) and (21-23). A likely scenario is that (15-17) was once 43 detached, with a central large chimney stack, and (21-23) a Until at least the 1970s, this was the village butchers shop, semi-detached pair, both since extended and joined. Nos with a slaughterhouse to the rear. It is a later, one-and-a- 15 and 21 have two-panelled shutters to ground floor half storey addition to no 41, of some age, the front windows, most have 6 panel front doors, but 17 has a 9- rendered beneath a brick dentil eaves detail, with black panel door. 19 has a rare Guardian insurance marker. glazed pantile roof. Its red brick gable end has two inserted Windows to no 23 are modern top-opening lights, with 8/8 windows with soldier courses. The full dormer has a panes. No 25 has a small shop window with fascia, pilasters catslide roof. 1/1 pane unhorned vertical sliding sash and multiple panes. 13-19 has bracketed eaves soffit to windows to both floors have margin lights. Six panel door street elevation and is double pile. No 13 has randomly is in a modern upvc doorcase. positioned burnt headers in its front elevation and timber capping to the roof verge, nos 19 and 25 have parapet High Street Evens gables and 25 has an external chimney stack. Ford House 35-37 (White Lion Court) Detached, double pile, flat-fronted ashlar-rendered house A large dwelling with hipped slate roof and chimneys at with slate roof, 3 large 8/8 pane sashes at first floor and one either end, that to north east matching the smooth- and small casement. Pair of 3-panel doors with fanlight over roughcast-rendered elevations beneath. and pedimented doorcase. Set back behind cherry trees Double-fronted and having the character of a much- and gravel driveway, ridges parallel to street. modified former public house, the front elevation has loosely paired, rendered giant pilasters with roughcast 6 render between and smooth-rendered plinth. Larger than Historic two-storey cottage of painted brick with black average dentil detailing (in timber?) to all eaves, central glazed pantile roof. Three 8/8 pane upvc casement balcony and canopies over ground floor windows. Three windows at first floor with two 6/6 pane with 2/2 pane

27 8 High Street 7 Church Street from the rear

16 High Street 9 Church Street

1 Church Street 11 & 13 Church Street

3 & 5 Church Street 17 & 19 Church Street

28 margin lights to ground floor, either side of a fishscale- side-hung casement windows. Modern red brick extension slated gabled hood on shaped brackets of similar detailing with pantiled roof to front south corner with multi-pane to those at 4 and 6a. windows and door. Various rendered elements to south. Shallow front gardens. 6a Modern two storey red brick house with matt black 7 pantiled roof. Dutch gable to north east elevation and This detached cottage sits behind no 9 and is accessed by a vehicular access to rear under segmental brick archway wide gravel path from Church Street. It is two storeys, with accommodation above. Three timber 6/6 pane vertical originally probably of exposed red brick, but now sliding sash windows to first floor with 6/6 pane with 2/2 rendered. It has a dentil course, gable parapets and a black pane margin lights at ground floor with segmental arches glazed pantile roof with off-centre chimney stack. It has over. Part-glazed front door with fishscale-slated gabled timber, side-hung casement windows of various ages and a hood on shaped brackets of similar detailing to those at 4 two-storey painted brick extension to the front, creating an and 6. Hoop railings on low retaining wall to front. L-shaped plan form.

8 Porch Cottage, rear of 9 Two storey rendered brick building of irregular shape with Single storey. dentil eaves detailing and black pantile roof, hipped to north east. Flush fitted multi-pane casement windows, top 9 (Church Cottage) hung at first floor level. Glazed front door with sidelight Detached, one and a half storey, double pile, rendered and gabled hood on timber brackets. cottage with central chimney stack, black pantiled roof with sprocketed eaves and timber bargeboards and cappings. 16 Modern, multi-pane windows, flush fitted. Village shop, no longer incorporating the post office. Built in 1879 by the Henham Estate, as a shop with living 11 & 13 accommodation, the date set into a stone tablet above the Red brick, two-storey house, attached to no. 15. Formerly a front door. Suffolk white brick elevations with decorative pair, with black pantile roof with central transverse moulded brickwork to eaves cornice, string course and chimney stack and gable parapets. Plain brick frieze window surrounds, and hipped black pantile roof. All between moulded brick cornice and string course, timber windows are inset 2/2 pane, horned vertical sliding sashes soffit. Three slightly inset, upvc, top-hung, multi-pane with shallow arched heads. Two magnificent ridge chimney casement first floor windows of vertical sliding sash stacks, and one smaller to the north east elevation, all in proportion interrupt frieze. At ground floor, three moulded Suffolk white brickwork to match the building. windows – one probably in an earlier door opening – Domestic accommodation is double fronted, with three under rubbed brick flat arches, and a small brick and black windows at first floor level and the bays either side of the pantile porch. To right of porch are double plank doors front door and central window above set back by a brick with brickwork above inset by a brick width, possibly a width. The shopfront is at the north east end and is slightly later infill between nos. 13 and 15. Shallow front modern, with two windows above, in a wider bay set back garden. by a brick width. Pretty front garden contains Salix trees. 17 & 19 Church Street Odds A pair of two storey, semi-detached red brick houses, attached to no 21, with dentil eaves cornice and black 1 pantiled roof with gable parapets, no 19 now rendered. Two-storey red brick house, formerly a shop, built up No. 17 has gable chimney stack. Modern, timber, slightly against back edge of pavement, with hipped, black pantile inset, top-hung multi-pane casements, one per floor, 8- roof with sprocketed eaves. White brick eaves detailing and pane at first floor, 16 at ground under flat arch. Four panel chimneys. Multi-pane timber shopfront with stall riser and front door with upper panels glazed. No. 19 has a similar fascia with cornice and console brackets. Modern multi- front door and flush fitted, vertical sliding sash windows pane door. Upper windows are inset upvc 2/2 pane top- with horns – 4/4 panes at first floor and much larger 12/12 hung casements. at ground. Both have shallow paved front gardens.

3 & 5 23 Nos. 3 & 5, perhaps once one detached cottage, are now Attached to 21, no. 23 is a tiny double-fronted two storey split one third/two thirds. The building is red brick with red brick house with red pantile roof. Dentil eaves cornice largely black pantiled roof with parapet gables and and flat brick arches to ground floor. Two modern, flush sprocketed eaves. No. 3 has an original, unhorned, flush fitted, 6/6 pane, horned, vertical sliding sash windows at fitted vertical sliding sash windows, 4/8 pane at first floor first floor interrupt the dentil course, their panes of slightly and a much larger 8/8 pane at ground floor with rubbed landscape proportion. At ground floor, brickwork has brick flat arch above. There is a small lean-to extension to replaced an earlier shopfront and 6/6 pane horned sashes the side. There is a large ridge stack, central to no. 5, which are fitted either side of a modern timber 6-panel door. Flat- now has pebble-dashed elevations and modern, multi-light roofed two storey, and lean-to single storey, extensions can

29 23 Church Street 35 & 37 Church Street

25 Church Street Little Priory, Church Street

27 Church Street

29 & 33 Church Street

30 be seen to the rear on the southern side, all in Flemish Outbuilding to rear of 37 bond brickwork. Shallow paved area to the front and gated Single storey. vehicular access to the south. Church Street Evens 25 Detached, two-storey, white brick house with hipped, Little Priory concrete tiled roof, set back behind cast metal railings on House, originally north facing onto churchyard, now east dwarf red brick wall enclosing pretty cottage garden. One onto Church Street, has recently undergone an extensive flush fitted, 3/6 pane, horned vertical sliding sash window and sympathetic programme of restoration by Wangford at first floor over 8/8-pane, unhorned sash under flat brick builders, T & S Clarke. Two-and-a-half storey, red brick with arch at ground floor. Blind window at first floor, above 6- painted moulded brick dentil eaves, originally with a single panel front door which has semi-circular rubbed brick storey south range. Two storey pinkish-yellow brick header arch enclosing fanlight. Two further windows and extension added to south east in nineteenth century to two blind windows to south elevation. Gated vehicular house east-facing front door and straight staircase, and access to south side. upper floor added to south range at this time. Black glazed pantile roofs with gable parapets and large, tall axial ridge 27 stack aligned with north front door. Set forward of no. 29, to which it is attached, no. 27 is a two The north elevation has three first floor, equally spaced, storey, red brick, double fronted, double pile cottage with unhorned, 8/8 pane vertical sliding sash windows, flush corbelled brick eaves cornice, and rubbed brick flat arches fitted, and aligned with three small historic gabled roof over ground floor windows. Flush-fitted, multi-pane side- dormer windows, each with a timber 2-pane fixed light and hung casement windows, two at each level, and small red a 2-pane metal side hung casement. At ground floor, there brick gabled porch with semi-circular brick arch enclosing is a large, flush fitted, tripartite vertical sliding sash window fanlight over modern timber door with integral fanlight. with 2/2, 8/8, 2/2 panes at the east end under a rubbed Gables with parapets and integral chimney stacks. Shallow brick flat arch. Two narrower tripartite windows with 2/2, front garden behind dwarf wall. Vehicular access to north 6/6, 2/2 pane sashes sit either side of the front door, one leading to small red brick coach house. with and one without a flat brick arch. The door is of 6 panels, the top two glazed, and has a simple doorcase with 29 & 33 timber brackets and cornice. A lawned garden fronting the A pair of houses, originally three; connected to no. 27, churchyard is enclosed with willow fencing. although set further back from the street behind white The east elevation contains inset, horned 2/2 pane vertical brick garden walling and picket fencing enclosing attractive sliding sash windows under segmental arches, some gardens. Two storey, red brick with moulded brick original to the Victorian modification of the building. An corbelled eaves cornice similar to no. 27. L-shaped with enclosed parapet gabled porch has recently been added, wide curve at corner, and curved, hipped plain-tiled roof using bricks of both colours reclaimed from the site, and with two brick ridge chimney stacks aligned with doors. All incorporating a six panel door with top panels glazed. windows flush fitted, with brick flat arches to ground floor Red brick, cobble and black pantile single storey openings. No 29 has upvc multi-pane fixed lights with outbuildings to the west of the site have recently been narrow top-hung opening casements, one at each level, converted to provide further accommodation, and brick and a upvc 4-panel door. No. 33 faces sideways and is and cobble boundary walls repaired and modified to allow double fronted, with three upvc multi-pane side-hung vehicular access to the site. casement windows at first floor, and two at ground floor either side of the 6 panel upvc front door. Wide side garden to south with gravelled vehicular access.

35 Small, two storey red brick cottage with dentil eaves brickwork and red pantile roof. Centrally positioned, flush fitted first floor window is 4/8 pane unhorned vertical sliding sash. 4-panel bead and butt front door and 8/8 pane unhorned sash at ground floor sit beneath segmental header arches. Chimney stack may be shared with no 37, which is attached. Shallow front garden with picket fence.

37 Two storey, white painted brick house of irregular shape with curved corner and red pantiled, hipped roof. Front has two flush fitted, 8/8 pane, unhorned vertical sliding sashes at first floor, and two below plus modern plank door, at ground floor beneath flat arches. Similar windows to side, one per floor. Vehicular access to south.

31 Appendix 3: Bibliography

Department of the Environment, Fourth list of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest, London, 1972.

White’s Directories for Suffolk, Suffolk Record Office, Lowestoft.

Dymond, David & Martin, Edward, An Historical Atlas of Suffolk, Suffolk, 1988.

English Heritage, Understanding Place, Guidance on conservation area appraisals, London 2005.

English Heritage, Understanding Place, Guidance on the management of conservation areas, London 2005.

Goult, Wendy, A Survey of Suffolk Parish History, Suffolk Record Office, Lowestoft.

Howeld, Douglas A Tour of Wangford Village 2004 The Wangford Week Committee, 2004.

Pevsner, N., Radcliffe, Enid, The Buildings of England – Suffolk, Harmondsworth, 1975.

Tithe Map, 1839, Suffolk Record Office, Lowestoft.

Ordnance Survey Maps Suffolk Record Office, Lowestoft.

www.wangfordweb.co.uk

Appendix 4: Useful information

English Heritage: www.english-heritage.org.uk

Institute of Historic Building Conservation www.ihbc.org.uk

The Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings www.spab.org.uk

Ancient Monuments Society www.ancientmonumentssociety.org.uk

Council for British Archaeology www.britarch.ac.uk

32 The Twentieth Century Society English bond: A brick bond created from alternate courses www.c20society.org.uk of headers and stretchers.

The Victorian Society Flemish bond: A brick bond where alternate headers and www.victorian-society.org.uk stretchers are used in each course.

The Georgian Group flush sash box: The outer wooden housing of a sliding sash www.georgiangroup.org.uk window, where it is mounted level with the outer surface of the building. The Garden History Society www.gardenhistorysociety.org gable: The triangular section of wall supporting a pitched roof.

Legislation: horned sash window: One in which the stiles of the upper sash are prolonged down below the meeting rail as horns. Planning Policy Guidance: Planning and the Historic Environment hipped roof: One without gables, in which the pitches are PPG 15, 1994, HMSO. joined along a line which bisects the angle between them. mullion: The upright dividing the lights of a window. Waveney district Article 4(2) directions, available from the planning department at a cost of £7 each. monk bond: A brick bond which is a variation of Flemish bond, with two stretchers in place of one between each Waveney Interim Local Plan, pair of headers. May 2004. parapet: A low wall at the top of a wall, ie beyond the eaves line (which the parapet conceals) or in a similar position. Appendix 5: Glossary ‘pintle’ window: See casement. A pintle is a type of hinge, bracket: A projection from a wall designed as a light-duty most commonly seen nowadays on a gate. support, eg. for a hood over a door. rat-trap bond: A brick bond which is a variation of Flemish casement: Hinged light, hung at the side unless specified as bond, but with the bricks laid on edge instead of on bed. top hung, traditionally made of wrought iron in this part of The resultant wall has a cavity between each pair of Suffolk. stretchers. catslide roof: One which has a pitch very much longer than rendering: The effect or surface produced by covering a the other, usually coming close to the ground. wall with a uniform surface. coping: A course of stone, brick or cast iron laid on top of rubbed brick arch: An arch, usually flat both top and a wall. bottom, made from soft bricks which have been sawn and then rubbed to the required shape. cornice: The uppermost of the three main divisions of the Classical entablature. Often used in isolation above an segmental arch: A curved arch the shape of a segment, opening. formed by its centre far below the springing line of the arch. flint/pebble: Arranged in rows, as with brickwork. soldier course: A course of headers, laid on their sides. dentil: A small square block tightly packed in series, in the cornice of the Ionic and Corinthian orders just above the tumbled-in brickwork: Courses of brickwork laid at ninety frieze. May refer to header bricks employed in this way in a degrees to the slope of a buttress, chimney, gable or other band or cornice. feature and tapering into the horizontal courses; used instead of a coping. dog’s tooth corbelling: A corbel is a projection from a wall or reveal designed to support a weight. Dog’s tooth vernacular: Unpretentious, simple, indigenous, traditional corbelling refers to a course of brickwork which projects structures made of local materials and following well-tried outwards in a series of forty-five degree angles, resembling forms. dog’s teeth. dressings: Precise work often in a different material, surrounding the openings and protecting the vulnerable parts of an exterior.

33 If you would like this document in a large print, other formats or in a language other than English, we will do our best to help. Please call the design & conservation team on 01502 523077 or email [email protected]

www.waveney.gov.uk

Design and conservation Telephone: (01502) 523077 Fax: (01502) 514617 Email: [email protected]

Planning Telephone: (01502) 523047 Fax: (01502) 514617 Email: [email protected]

Building control Telephone: (01502) 523044 Inspection answerphone: (01502) 500040 Fax: (01502) 514617 Email: [email protected]

34 WANGFORD Conservation Area

Management proposals Wangford Conservation Area Management Plan

This plan aims to address the issues and recommendations for action that have arisen from the conservation area appraisal undertaken in 2008/9. A dated photographic survey has been completed, and change will be regularly Church tower from monitored. the allotments

View south from junction of Hill Road Contents and Church Street Page 2: Introduction Page 3: Maintenance and conservation Page 4: Map of Wangford showing proposed revisions to the boundary of the conservation area, and buildings which make a positive contribution to the area (local list). Page 5: Boundary revision Page 6: Maps showing significant green spaces, View north along Church important views and building heights Street from almshouses within proposed extensions to the conservation area Page 7: Action Page 9: Appendix 1: Addresses within proposed extensions to, and removals from, the Wangford Conservation Area. Page 9: Appendix 2: List descriptions of listed buildings within proposed extensions to the Wangford Conservation Area Page 9: Appendix 3: Local list descriptions within proposed extensions to the Well at 38 Church Street Wangford Conservation Area

2 Maintenance and conservation

Prevalent and traditional building materials and details All new development within the conservation area should demonstrate an awareness of vernacular forms, materials and details. For reference, a selection of these is shown on pages 18 & 19 of the Wangford conservation area appraisal.

Condition and buildings at risk Generally the buildings of Wangford are well cared for. There are no significant buildings thought to be at risk.

Green Spaces and trees It is desirable to preserve these important spaces in an undeveloped form. They are shown coloured green on the map on page 6.

3 Map of Wangford showing proposed revisions to the boundary of the conservation area, and highlighting buildings within these areas which make a positive contribution to the area (recommended for inclusion in the local list).

PROPOSED REMOVAL

PROPOSED NORTH EXTENSION

Key

Grade I listed PROPOSED building. SOUTH EXTENSION Grade II listed building. Building which makes a positive contribution to the area.

4 Boundary Revision

Suggested boundary changes Excluded from the conservation area, in addition to many mid- to late twentieth century buildings in Wangford, are significant historic elements of the village, to both north and south:

Pound Corner – the historic intersection between the London to Great Yarmouth route and roads to nearby market towns and villages. Recreation ground and allotments – the site of the pound where cattle were held awaiting slaughter. Intersection of Norfolk Road, Hill Road and Church Street – historic gateway to the village from Southwold and the coast, and site of many historic properties.

It is therefore recommended that the conservation area be extended to include these areas; this would also give added protection to significant green spaces and important views. See maps opposite and overleaf.

It is also recommended that Old Priory Gardens, fully developed since the conservation area was originally designated, should now be removed from the conservation area.

Article 4(2) directions for extensions It is recommended that the article 4(2) direction, needed to bring the Wangford conservation area protection in line with most other conservation areas in Waveney, be imposed also within the proposed extensions to it. (See ‘Further Protection through an Article 4(2) direction’ on page 7).

Proposed locally listed properties within extensions to the conservation area Shown on map opposite and described in appendix 2.

5 Significant green spaces both within the Important views both within the Wangford Wangford conservation area and within conservation area and within proposed proposed extensions to it extensions to it

Key Building heights both within the Wangford conservation area and within proposed extensions to it Grade I listed building.

Grade II listed building.

Building which makes a positive contribution to the area.

Significant green space

Important view

One or one-and-a-half storey building

Two or two-and-a-half storey building

6 Action The Public Realm The use of higher quality paving materials Further protection through an Article should be considered, perhaps aiming to 4(2) direction give the appearance of pedestrianisation of In Wangford, the degradation of elements of certain central parts of the conservation the façades of buildings, which is not area, in combination with better quality prevented by the standard conservation area street furniture and lighting. legislation already in place, in particular of doors and windows, is cause for concern, Future development and serious consideration should be given Policy CS11 of the Waveney District Council to the provision of added protection Core Strategy 2009 directs most housing through an Article 4(2) direction. This is development to the main towns of Waveney, already in place in all the towns, and many with only limited development opportunities of the village conservation areas in Waveney. within larger villages, such as Wangford, and these generally on brownfield sites. See also Article 4(2) directions make further policies CS01, CS02 and CS17. restrictions on permitted development rights to residential properties in Overhead cables conservation areas. Once these have been Opportunities for undergrounding cables imposed in an area, it means that planning should be taken as and when they occur. permission will be required to make any change of design or material to any part of Parking the property facing a public thoroughfare. There is an occasional parking problem in Because these controls are a removal of the Wangford conservation area, at times what would otherwise be ‘permitted when holiday homes are fully occupied, as development’, the planning application is some homes have little or no off street free. Elevations of a property not visible parking. No obvious solution exists; from a public place are not affected and however, if supported by residents, it may these enjoy the normal ‘permitted be possible to address this, perhaps by development’ rights for a conservation area. creating a small off street parking area if a suitable site can be found. Spot list candidates None. Pedestrian Safety There is local concern about the lack of Policy for locally listed properties pavement on the west side of Norfolk Road, As part of its ongoing programme of and the speed of passing traffic. conservation area appraisal work, Waveney Opportunities for improving pedestrian District Council has identified buildings which safety in this area should be taken as and make a positive contribution to its conservation when they occur. areas, and any proposed extensions to them, either for their architectural or historic interest, and sometimes both. These buildings are referred to as ‘locally listed’, and work is underway to develop appropriate policies for their protection.

7 1 & 2 Pound Corner 61 & 63 Church Street

The Old Forge, Pound Corner Outbuilding to south of 63 Church Street

1-3 Sawyers Cottages, Norfolk Road 69 Church Street

Almshouses at 55, 57, 59 Church Street 71 Church Street

8 Appendix 1: Addresses within proposed Appendix 3: Proposed locally listed extensions to, and removals from, the buildings within the Wangford Wangford Conservation Area. Conservation Area Extensions

NORTH EXTENSION NORTH EXTENSION Pound Corner High Street Evens 18 1 (Hadfield Cottage) The front elevation of this semi-detached cottage is of Pound Corner modern red brickwork in Monk bond, and appears to be of 1 & 2, The Forge, Veterinary Surgery relatively new build. However. it is likely that a modest cottage similar to its neighbour has been extended to form Norfolk Road Odds a T-shaped plan and re-fronted or largely rebuilt. It has a Pip’s Cottage, 1, 2, 3 Sawyer’s Cottages red pantiled roof with two chimney stacks of both red and Suffolk white brick, bargeboards and timber joinery beneath segmental header arches. Windows are 8/8 pane SOUTH EXTENSION unhorned vertical sliding sashes, flush fitted. A 6-pane half- glazed door sits beneath a pantiled hood on timber Church Street Odds brackets. 55, 57, 59, Wangford Surgery, 59a, 61 & 63, Renby, 69 (Ivy House), 71 2 (Farthing Cottage) This small cottage is attached to no 1. It has an external end Church Street Evens chimney stack and red pantiled roof. Visible elevations are 38 (The Well Cottage), 40, 42, 44 of rendered brick, and there is a pargetted panel dated 2006 at the front. It has 10/10 pane unhorned vertical Norfolk Road Evens sliding sashes and a 9-pane half-glazed front door. 18, 20, 22, 24 (rear of 20 & 22), 26 (The Old Courtyard) The Old Forge 28 (Bay Cottage), 30, 32, 34, 36, 40, 42 (Oak House) A single storey, red brick building in Monk bond with dog’s 44 (Jessamine Cottage), 46, 50 tooth cobelling at the eaves and segmental header arches to all openings. The black glazed pantile roof is hipped to Hill Road the north and has a small chimney stack to the rear. Essenden, Birds Nest, Barnside, Thatch End, Iselnat, Windows, doors and garage doors are modern and of Willow Creek timber. Norfolk Road Odds REMOVALS FROM THE CONSERVATION AREA 1-3 Sawyer’s Cottages stand on the site of the Sawyers Arms public house and, whilst substantially remodelled/rebuilt, Old Priory Gardens show signs of containing elements of the earlier buildings 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8a, 8b, 9, 10, 11 on the site. 1 and 2 No 1 is a two-storey cottage of painted modern brickwork Appendix 2: List descriptions of listed in stretcher bond, with eaves dentil course, and segmental buildings within proposed extensions to header arches to ground floor openings and timber windows. It has a single storey entrance porch to the side the Wangford Conservation Area with a plank door. It shares its red pantiled roof with no 2, which is a similar but smaller cottage with upvc windows. 38 Church Street (The Well Cottage) There is a single, possibly shared chimney stack. The brick House. Early or mid C18. Timber framed and plastered, front elevation of no 2, although mostly of stretcher bond, pantiled roof. One and a half storeys. 2 windows, 2-light shows signs of having been modified and contains at least casements; plank door in an early wide, heavy frame; 2 two types of brick. gabled dormers. Parapet gable ends with integral stacks. The date 1622 on the north gable is entirely spurious but a 3 date of 1755 previously in this position could have No 3 is a slightly taller building, still of two storeys, with a authenticity. black pantiled roof with plain verges but signs of earlier gable parapets, and a small central chimney stack. Its painted brick front elevation appears, from its differing brickwork at ground and first floor levels, to have been raised from a single storey in the past. All windows are upvc, those at ground floor having segmental header

9 40, 42, 44 Church Street 28 Norfolk Road

18 Norfolk Road 30 & 32 Norfolk Road

20 & 22 Norfolk Road 34 & 36 Norfolk Road

26 Norfolk Road 40 Norfolk Road

10 arches. The side elevation is rendered, and its asymmetrical brickwork, with a black pantiled roof with sprocketed gable suggests past modification. eaves and end chimney stacks. Two 6/6 pane, inset vertical sliding sash windows to first floor and two below, all under SOUTH EXTENSION painted flat brick arches. Door has six panels and a semi- circular metal hood with wirework sides. Set very well back Church Street Odds from the road behind an attractive cottage garden. 55, 57, 59 The north (rear) elevation is also of colourwashed brick Red brick almshouses with hipped, thatched roof. E-shaped but has a red pantile roof. The catslide-roofed outshut has plan. Symmetrical façade, 5-bay front, central bay two a flat-roofed dormer window. There are two further small storey, elsewhere single storey. Central and end bays have lean-to extensions, and windows are mostly modern smaller projecting bays with simplified dutch gable timber casements. parapets and ocular windows with tiled keystones. Large, decorative central chimney stack with one similar but Church Street Evens smaller either side. Tablet set into brickwork between ground and first floor central windows. Windows are 40, 42, 44 modern (upvc?) 1, 2 and 3 light side-hung casements with One, two and two-and-a-half storeys, with mixed red, grey leaded light detailing, flush fitted, with brick soldier and black pantiled roofs and rendered elevations, the main courses with tile keystones. Large lawned front garden has range (no.40) side onto and directly fronting Church shingle driveway and mature oak tree. Street, and having a steep hipped roof with hipped, black plaintiled roof dormers to side and front with side –hung 61 & 63 2-light casement windows. To ground and first floor this A pair of late nineteenth century white brick houses, said to range, and the one and two storey ranges along the have been built for Henham Estate workers. Red brick roadside to the south (no. 42), have modern, multi-pane quoins and dressings, black pantiled roof with handsome, timber windows. The north west elevation of no 40 is blank central red and white brick chimney stack. Decorative save for a rooflight and a large chimney stack. A two storey eaves brickwork with dog’s tooth corbelling which wraps range to the south west (no.44) has a much shallower roof around onto gable ends. Deep roof verge overhang, with pitch and end chimney stacks. On the elevation facing Hill expressed purlins on gable ends and plain bargeboards Road, there are two flush fitted horned 8/8 pane vertical forming effect of an open pediment. Doors have fishscale- sliding sashes, with two below, and an inset doorway. slated hoods on moulded timber brackets. Door to no 61 is an original timber plank door with two glazed upper Norfolk Road Evens panels, 63 is upvc. Windows to both properties are now flush fitted upvc, to 61 multi-pane side-hung casements, to 18 63 top-hung one light casements. Both have cottage Previously ‘Chapel Cottages’, a pair of semi-detached white gardens enclosed by picket fencing and hedges. brick cottages, raised several steps above road level, with modern red brick retaining wall with flintwork panels. Outbuilding to south of 63 Slate roof and shared red brick ridge chimney stack. Dentil South of 63 sits a red brick, single storey outbuilding with course at eaves, interrupted by two flush fitted, horned, 2/2 white brick dressings and black pantiled roof. It has the pane vertical sliding sash windows. At ground floor two same brick detailing as nos. 61 and 63, although the further sash windows aligned with those above, and a colours are transposed. There is a parapet to the NW gable modern timber door with fanlight detail sit beneath white with ocular window beneath. This building used to belong brick flat arches. Planting hides all trace of the second front to no. 63, but the SE gable end has now been modified to door, presumably now bricked up. create garaging for the infill bungalow (Renby) behind it. 20 & 22 69 (Ivy House) Set with its asymmetrical gable onto the street, this pair of Two storey, double-fronted, double pile red brick house colourwashed brick, one and a half storey cottages has well set back from the road, with black glazed pantile roof upvc casement windows and gabled porch, and three full with end chimney stacks. Tumbled in brickwork on gable dormer windows on its south facing roof slope. It has an parapets. Dentil eaves cornice of brick used on edge. At eaves dentil course, a red pantiled roof with gable parapets first floor three flush fitted unhorned vertical sliding sash and two ridge chimney stacks, and a low brick garden wall. windows, 6/6 pane to centre above door and 8/8 pane to side windows with similar below. Six panel door has top 24, rear of 20 & 22 two panels glazed and a simple unpainted doorcase with A small cottage of painted brick with modern fenestration fluting. The porch has a concave metal hood and wirework and black glazed pantiled roof with rear catslide. sides. Generous front and side gardens are enclosed by red brick walling, railings, fencing and hedges. 26 (The Old Courtyard) Understood to be a timber framed building remodelled A two-storey cottage of colourwashed brick with dentil circa 1800. eaves detail, set gable onto the street, and now extended to the rear. Red pantiled roof with plain verge and ridge 71 chimney stack. Large fixed pane 6-light window set flush in Attached, double fronted, two-storey cottage of painted front gable. Further modern timber 4-light casement

11 windows to side, and plank door in rear extension. Picket fence enclosing small front garden. 28 (Bay Cottage) Pebble-dashed, two-storey cottage, formerly detached, with red pantiled roof with gable parapets and single end chimney stack. Dentil eaves brickwork. At first floor, one central modern timber window with 4 pane side hung casements. Below is a small flat roofed oriel window with similar casement windows and fixed panes to sides. Four panel front door, the upper two panels glazed, has a decorative plain tiled gabled hood supported on timber brackets. A picket fence encloses a shallow front garden. 42 Norfolk Road 30-32 A pair of two storey cottages built in red monk bond brickwork, possibly now combined as one dwelling. The building has been extended to the north in Flemish bond brickwork, and is now attached to no. 28 Norfolk Rd where previously it may have been detached. Shared ridge chimney stack, dentil eaves course, narrow flat arches to ground floor windows and doors. Four first floor flush fitted upvc horned top hung casement windows, in imitation of 2/2 pane vertical sliding sashes, and four similar but taller at ground floor. Front doors have simple timber and plaintiled gabled hoods on timber posts. Paved front gardens are enclosed by modern hoped steel railings. 34 & 36 A pair of two storey red brick cottages with shallow slate 44 Norfolk Road roof and central shared chimney stack. Dentil eaves detailing is interrupted by flush fitted vertical sliding sash windows, one per cottage, 2/2 pane to 34 and 3/6 pane to 36. Ground floor windows are aligned but deeper, under fine rubbed brick arches, 2/2 pane to 34 and 6/6 to 36, all horned. Front doors are six panel, bead and butt, the upper two panels glazed. The flat arch above the door to no. 34 is now rendered. The shallow front gardens are enclosed by a low wall to no. 34 and a picket fence to no. 36. 40 Two storey red brick cottage, now rendered, with red pantile roof with gable parapets and two chimney stacks. Originally may have been smaller and detached, now extended to the north to join no. 36 (north chimney marks Thatch End and Iselnat, Hill Road original north gable position). Three historic six-light windows at first floor comprising timber frames with side hung metal opening casements on pintle hinges. Below are similar nine-light windows and one modern to the north. Modern door sits in modest gabled timber, brick and tile porch, also modern. To south is vehicular access and some historic brick and pebble walling. 42 (Oak House) A two storey white brick house of more than one build, the main slated gabled range parallel to the street and set back behind a small front garden enclosed by metal railings and gate and a section of modern low brick walling. This range has three first floor upvc vertical sliding sash windows with margin lights, flush fitted under painted stone or rendered flat arches with keystones. At ground floor is a large canted Willow Creek, Hill Road bay window, with slate roof and similar upvc windows. The

12 front door has two lower panels, and is glazed above, with stack. The front (south) elevation has vertical sliding sash margin lights. windows and one round window to the upper floor with a door and French windows below. To the east and north are This range appears barely connected to a second, lower modern flush-fitted casement windows with top-opening and possibly earlier, hipped black pantiled range, end on lights and a complex pantiled roof. to the street to the north. This was the Loyal Oak public house and had a shopfront which has since been removed Outbuilding to south of no 50 and replaced by a pair of inset upvc horned vertical sliding The last building on the west side of Norfolk Road is a small sash windows with margin lights, beneath somewhat outbuilding which is of red brick in rat trap Flemish garden incongruous looking red tile soldier courses with narrow wall bond at low level with a white brick dentil course. It keystones. The two first floor windows in this range are has a red pantiled roof with a gable parapet to the north flush fitted historic vertical sliding sashes with horns. To the gable. south side of this range is a front door in a simple timber doorcase with bracketed cornice and sundial above. At first Hill Road floor is an unusual flush fitted, 4/4 pane unhorned vertical sliding sash window, the lower panes elongated. 4 Hill Road (Thatch End) There are three solar panels to the slated roof and two This is a two-storey, attached cottage, built hard up against white brick chimney stacks, one per range. the road edge, its timber frame now encased in From the north, a further range can be seen to rear and a colourwashed brick. It has a thatched roof with decorative single storey garage block. The character changes as all ridge and eaves, barge boards and a central, red brick visible roofslopes are red pantile and elevations are painted chimney stack. It has two wide, modern, flush-fitted multi- brick. There is further flush fitted historic joinery to this pane casements to first floor with timber shutters and, elevation. aligned at ground floor, two modern oriel windows, each will four, multi-pane casements. Four narrow segmental 44 Norfolk Road (Jessamine Cottage) brick arches for earlier openings, now blocked, are visible A double-pile, double-fronted red brick cottage with slate above the flat roofs of the oriel windows. A large mature roof and end chimney stacks. Dentil eaves detailing and willow tree which can be seen from the road is a feature of plain bargeboards to gables. Two upper windows are flush the rear garden. fitted, unhorned, 6/6 pane vertical sliding sashes. Unusually, the lower windows are inset, giving a greater Iselnat width of glass than those above, in the same width of A ‘chocolate box’, attached, two storey, double-fronted red structural opening. This may have been a modernisation of brick cottage with black pantiled roof with plain roof verge. the important ground floor rooms only. These windows are Two storey, red brick lean-to to the rear. Two flush-fitted, also considerably taller than those at first floor and have flat unhorned, 8/8 pane vertical sliding sash windows at first arches above. A central 6-panel bead and butt front door floor with two slightly deeper below under rubbed brick now has the four upper panels glazed. A simple but heavily flat arches. Four panel, bead-and-butt front door in a fluted and reeded timber doorcase has consoles simple timber doorcase with a small frieze and cornice. The supporting a cornice. A single storey element to the north modified brickwork to the south east corner and rendered connects with no. 42. The lawned front garden is edged south elevation give clues to the earlier presence of with white brickwork, some moulded, and lost its cast iron another cottage, now demolished. Very shallow front railings and gate to the war effort. garden enclosed by simple metal railings and pedestrian gate with scroll decoration. An attractive pebble and brick A later single storey hipped extension to south, of slightly rear garden wall can be seen from the road. paler brick with slate roof, has one very large, flush fitted, unhorned 6/9 pane vertical sliding sash to front elevation. Willow Creek A further, later single storey extension retains a 2/2 pane Detached cottage, gable end onto the road, converted from horned vertical sliding sash window but no roof. A fine an outbuilding. Small two-storey front range with single Regency wrought iron gate in a red brick garden wall storey to rear. The front range is red brick with rat-trap opens to the rear of no. 44 and to no. 46, which appears to bond to eaves level and Flemish bond above. It has dentil be a converted outbuilding. There is also a small roadside eaves detailing and a red pantile roof with gable parapets. parking area and rear vehicular access for 69 Church Street. It has several circular cast iron tie rod ends, small, woodgrain finish upvc casement windows and a plank Outbuilding to rear of 44 stable door with timber gabled porch. There are two pairs Single storey Suffolk white brick outbuilding with black of upvc French windows to the rear range. A timber glazed pantiled roof. Attached to no 46. farmyard gate encloses a shingled drive. 46 A single storey, red brick converted outbuilding with hipped, pantiled roof. 50 No 50 Norfolk Road is attached to no 71 Church Street. It is rendered, with a hipped, red pantile roof with chimney

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