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Participatory Rural Appraisal Report

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Participatory Rural Appraisal Report EADD Project PRA Report (RWANDA 2009) EAST AFRICAN DAIRY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT REPORT OF PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL BASELINE SURVEY OF SMALLHOLDER DAIRY FARMERS IN NYANGATARE, GATSIBO, AND RWAMAGANA DISTRICTS OF RWANDA PRA Team Members: Dr. Manzi Maximillian (Coordinator) Mr. Rukundo Emannuel Mr. Mupenzi Mutimura Mr. Aman Placid Mr. Jean Paul Munyaneza Mr. Gafishi Martin Agricultural International Livestock Research Institute Research Institute of Rwanda (ILRI) (ISAR) October 2008– January, 2009 1 EADD Project PRA Report (RWANDA 2009) Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 LIST OF FIGURES AND PLATES ............................................................................................................................... 6 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 7 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 The Dairy Cattle Sector in Rwanda: An overview .......................................................................................... 8 The East African Diary Development Project .................................................................................................... 8 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................................................... 10 Summary of findings, conclusions and recommendations ........................................................................... 11 Summary and Conclusions .................................................................................................................................................. 11 Resource Profile ................................................................................................................................................................ 11 Community Livelihood, Land-use system and income profiles ................................................................................................. 11 Wealth Ranking ................................................................................................................................................................. 11 Innovations and Actor Linkages ........................................................................................................................................... 11 Breeds and breeding .......................................................................................................................................................... 11 Feeds and Forage .............................................................................................................................................................. 12 Gender and Dairy Farming .................................................................................................................................................. 12 Recommendations ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 FIELD FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................................... 12 PRA REPORT FOR MBARE SITE, NYAGATARE DISTRICT, RWANDA ............................................................... 12 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Mbare Village: Resource Mapping .............................................................................................................. 14 Economic activity and Land use system ................................................................................................................................ 16 Relationship between the mapped items, challenges and opportunities .................................................................................... 16 Mbare: Wealth Ranking Analysis ................................................................................................................ 16 Wealth criteria’s in order of their importance .......................................................................................................................... 16 Wealth Categories .............................................................................................................................................................. 17 Importance of livestock in relation to other wealth criteria ....................................................................................................... 17 Farmers’ preference for dairying across the wealth categories ........................................................................ 18 Gender and other cross-cutting issues .......................................................................................................... 19 Summary ......................................................................................................................................................................... 19 Mbare: Community livelihoods analysis ......................................................................................................... 19 Main source of livelihoods in the village ................................................................................................................................ 19 Main sources of cash income .............................................................................................................................................. 20 Role of Dairying in community livelihoods and cash incomes .................................................................................................. 20 Trends in the relative importance of livelihoods and cash income ............................................................................................ 21 Gender and other crosscutting issues in livelihoods ............................................................................................................... 22 Summary ......................................................................................................................................................................... 22 Mbare: Constraints and Opportunities in Dairy Farming ............................................................................. 22 Constraints and opportunities Gender and other crosscutting issues ........................................................................................ 23 Farmers’ aspirations for dairy farming and marketing ............................................................................................................. 23 Mbare: Findings on innovation actor analysis ............................................................................................. 24 KEY INNOVATIONS AND ACTORS INVOLVED ......................................................................................................... 25 Actors and linkages considered important but missing in the dairy sector ....................................................... 28 Farmer innovators, special activities, linkages, challenges and limitations ................................................................................ 28 Institutional and Policy changes observed by farmers............................................................................................................. 28 Differences in linkage between different actors ...................................................................................................................... 29 Summary ......................................................................................................................................................................... 29 Mbare: Findings on livestock breeding and feeds........................................................................................ 29 Common breed kept across the group .................................................................................................................................. 29 2 EADD Project PRA Report (RWANDA 2009) Modes of acquiring animals ............................................................................................................................................ 29 Basis of the decision on which animal to buy ................................................................................................................. 30 Methods of breeding available in the community and reasons for their preference ..................................................... 30 Factors and challenges considered in choosing a breeding service ......................................................................................... 30 Existing feeds in the community and their source. .................................................................................................................. 31 Forages preferred and Reasons .......................................................................................................................................... 31 Locally available livestock feeds .........................................................................................................................................
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