DOCSLIB.ORG

Broiler Chickens Market Inquiry

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Broiler Chickens Market Inquiry Non-Confidential SWAZILAND COMPETITION COMMISSION BROILER CHICKENS MARKET INQUIRY Market Inquiry case number: CPR/BROILERS/14 DATE – January 2019 Status of Report: Non-Confidential Draft Report Non-Confidential CONTENTS ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................................ 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... 4 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 14 3. OVERVIEW OF THE BROILER PRODUCTION ..................................................... 15 Value Chain ........................................................................................................................................... 17 3. RELEVANT LEGISLATIONS FOR THE BROILER CHICKEN MARKET ............. 18 National Food Security Policy for Swaziland ............................................................................... 18 Swaziland Customs and Excise Act ............................................................................................... 18 Scheduled Products Policy .............................................................................................................. 18 Trading Licence – Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Trade ............................................... 20 4. THE MARKET FOR THE SUPPLY OF DAY OLD CHICKS .................................. 22 Market Definition ................................................................................................................................. 22 Product Description............................................................................................................................ 22 Business Process ............................................................................................................................... 22 Substitutability ..................................................................................................................................... 24 Geographic Market ............................................................................................................................. 25 Relevant Market ................................................................................................................................... 25 Market Structure .................................................................................................................................. 25 Cost Structure ...................................................................................................................................... 28 Entry and Exit Barriers ...................................................................................................................... 29 Price Determination and Transmission ......................................................................................... 30 Countervailing Buyer Power ............................................................................................................ 31 Import Competition ............................................................................................................................. 31 Exiting independent growers in the broiler growing market ................................................... 31 Conclusions, competition/general concerns and recommendations ................................... 32 5. BROILER CHICKEN GROWING MARKET ............................................................. 34 Market Definition ................................................................................................................................. 34 Product description ............................................................................................................................ 34 Business process ............................................................................................................................... 34 Substitutability ..................................................................................................................................... 37 Relevant Market ................................................................................................................................... 38 Market Structure .................................................................................................................................. 38 Entry and Exit Barriers ...................................................................................................................... 41 Price Determination and Transmission ......................................................................................... 42 Existing Contractual Arrangements ............................................................................................... 43 Countervailing Buyer Power ............................................................................................................ 48 Import Competition ............................................................................................................................. 48 Conclusions, competition/general concerns and recommendations ................................... 48 1 Non-Confidential 6. SLAUGHTERING AND PROCESSING MARKET .................................................. 52 Market Definition ................................................................................................................................. 52 Product description ............................................................................................................................ 52 Business Process ............................................................................................................................... 52 Substitutability ..................................................................................................................................... 55 Geographic Market ............................................................................................................................. 56 Relevant Market ................................................................................................................................... 56 Market Structure .................................................................................................................................. 56 Entry and Exit Barriers ...................................................................................................................... 59 Price Determination and Transmission ......................................................................................... 60 Contracts between processors, wholesalers and retailers ...................................................... 61 Countervailing Buyer Power ............................................................................................................ 62 Import Competition ............................................................................................................................. 62 Conclusion, competition/general concerns and recommendations...................................... 63 7. DISTRIBUTION MARKET ........................................................................................... 65 Market definition .................................................................................................................................. 65 Product description ............................................................................................................................ 65 Business Process ............................................................................................................................... 65 Substitutability ..................................................................................................................................... 67 Geographical Market .......................................................................................................................... 68 Relevant Market ................................................................................................................................... 68 Market structure .................................................................................................................................. 68 Price Determination and Transmission ......................................................................................... 70 Integrated Ownership and its Effects ............................................................................................ 70 Entry and exit barriers ....................................................................................................................... 72 Countervailing buyer power ............................................................................................................. 73 Import competition.............................................................................................................................. 73 Conclusions, competition/general concerns and recommendations ................................... 74 8. CONCLUSIONS, COMPETITION/GENERAL CONCERNS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................................................... 76 9. APPENDICES ................................................................................................................ 83 Appendix 9.1: Shares within Kikilikigi ..........................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 11010329.Pdf
    THE RISE, CONSOLIDATION AND DISINTEGRATION OF DLAMINI POWER IN SWAZILAND BETWEEN 1820 AND 1889. A study in the relationship of foreign affairs to internal political development. Philip Lewis Bonner. ProQuest Number: 11010329 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 11010329 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT The Swazi kingdom grew out of the pressures associated with competition for trade and for the rich resources of Shiselweni. While centred on this area it acquired some of its characteristic features - notably a regimental system, and the dominance of a Dlamini aristocracy. Around 1815 the Swazi came under pressure from the South, and were forced to colonise the land lying north of the Lusutfu. Here they remained for some years a nation under arms, as they plundered local peoples, and were themselves swept about by the currents of the Mfecane. In time a more settled administration emerged, as the aristocracy spread out from the royal centres at Ezulwini, and this process accelerated under Mswati as he subdued recalcitrant chiefdoms, and restructured the regiments.
    [Show full text]
  • SJSD Vol1 Issue1.Pdf
    1 Table of Contents Awareness of the rural elderly regarding their health and nutritional well-being ................................... 2 Comparative analysis of contract and non-contract broiler farmers in the Manzini Region of Swaziland ................................................................................................................................................................ 22 Conservation agriculture: Historical perspectives, challenges and opportunities ................................. 42 Conservation agriculture in an integrated crop and livestock farming system: Challenges and opportunities in Swaziland...................................................................................................................... 69 Food aid in Swaziland: Emerging lessons and alternative strategies ..................................................... 91 Fostering sustainable development through the integration of agro-biodiversity, local ..................... 115 Involvement of women in group-based water development projects in Swaziland ............................ 132 Opinions of rural community dwellers regarding gender-based violence in Swaziland ...................... 156 Public awareness and involvement in the environmental impact assessment process in Swaziland .. 181 Sustainability of rural agricultural development projects undertaken by non-governmental organizations in Swaziland .................................................................................................................... 203 SJSD Volume
    [Show full text]
  • Swaziland-VMMC-And-EIMC-Strategy
    T ABLE OF C ONTENTS Table of Contents .........................................................................................................................................................................................i List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................................................................. iii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................................................................ iii List of Boxes .............................................................................................................................................................................................. iii List of Acronyms ......................................................................................................................................................................................... iv Foreword ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... vi Acknowledgements.................................................................................................................................................................................... vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Prevalence of Iron and Folic Acid Supplements Consumption and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Eswatini: a Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study Gugulethu N
    Mabuza et al. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth (2021) 21:469 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03881-8 RESEARCH Open Access Prevalence of iron and folic acid supplements consumption and associated factors among pregnant women in Eswatini: a multicenter cross-sectional study Gugulethu N. Mabuza1, Alexander Waits1,2,3, Owen Nkoka4 and Li-Yin Chien1,5* Abstract Background: During pregnancy, nutritional requirements increase and if not met, pregnancy-related complications may manifest. To prevent these undesirable outcomes, the World Health Organization recommends daily oral iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation as part of antenatal care. Despite this recommendation, the use of IFA supplements is still very low in several developing countries. Additionally, no prior information exists regarding the level of consumption of IFA in Eswatini. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of consumption of IFA supplements and to identify factors associated with the consumption of IFA supplements among pregnant women in Eswatini. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 330 pregnant women aged ≥ 18 years in their third trimester in Eswatini. Participants were recruited from eight purposively selected healthcare facilities from July 2019 to October 2019. Good consumption was defined as consuming all or almost all IFA supplements throughout pregnancy. Results: During the first trimester, 10.3 % of the participants consumed all or almost all IFA supplements. In the second and third trimesters, those who consumed all or almost all supplements were 37 and 39.7 %, respectively, for iron and 37.6 and 40.9 %, respectively, for folic acid. Barriers, including side effects, forgetfulness, safe previous pregnancies without IFA, others’ advice against consumption, IFA stock-outs, inability to meet transport costs, and inadequate supply of IFA tablets, contribute to low consumption of IFA.
    [Show full text]
  • Awareness and Perceptions of Climate Change Impact Amoung
    AWARENESS AND PERCEPTIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT AMOUNG SMALL-SCALE MAIZE FARMERS IN ESWATINI: THE CASE STUDY OF HHOHHO, MANZINI AND SHISELWENI REGIONS By MELUSI NOEL KUNENE STUDENT NUMBER 49936174 Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE in the Department of Agriculture and Animal Health COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA Florida Science Campus Supervisor: Ms. D.L. Mthombeni Co-Supervisor: Prof. M.A. Antwi May 2019 DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my family. Thank you for your prayers and patience. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I take this opportunity to thank the Lord Almighty for His guidance and the power He provided me. I am very grateful to my supervisors and mentors, Ms. Danisile L. Mthombeni and Professor Mike A. Antwi for their guidance and patience during my Master’s research journey. Thanks to my wife, Mrs Thabsile Vilakati-Kunene and my children Sinelivi, Olubanzi and Uzwile; and my niece Simphiwe Nhlabatsi for their support and unconditional love. ii DECLARATION I, MELUSI NOEL KUNENE, declare that, ANALYSING THE AWARENESS AND PERCEPTIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT AMOUNG SMALL-SCALE MAIZE FARMERS IN ESWATINI: THE CASE STUDY OF HHOHHO, MANZINI AND SHISELWENI REGIONS is my own work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. ________________________ _____________________ SIGNATURE DATE NAME: MELUSI NOEL KUNENE STUDENT NUMBER: 49936174 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION
    [Show full text]
  • Uneswa Journal of Education (Ujoe)
    UJOE Vol. 3 No 1 (JUNE, 2020) UNESWA JOURNAL OF EDUCATION (UJOE) An Online Journal of the Faculty of Education University of Eswatini Kwaluseni Campus. ISSN: 2616-301 UJOE Vol. 3 No 1 (JUNE, 2020) EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Prof.O. I. Oloyede Dean Education EDITOR Dr. P. Mthethwa MANAGING EDITORS Prof. I. Oloyede Prof. C. I. O. Okeke Dr. P. Mthethwa Dr. Y. Faremi Dr. R. Mafumbate Dr. K. Ntinda Dr. S.K. Thwala Ms M.S. Ngcobo. EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Prof. V. Chikoko (Educational Leadership), School of Education, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. Dr. O. Pemede (Sociology of Education), Faculty of Education, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria. Prof. M. Chitiyo (Special Education), Department Chair, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America. Dr. E. Mazibuko (History of Education), Examination Council of Eswatini. Prof. K.G. Karras (Education Studies), Faculty of Education, University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, Rethymno 74100, Crete, Greece. Prof. I. Oloyede (Science Education), Dept. of Curriculum & Teaching, Faculty of Education, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni Campus, Eswatini. Prof. Z. Zhang (Teaching and Learning), College of Education and P-16 Integration, The University of Texas, Rio Grange Valley, Brownsville, United States of America. Prof. C. I. O. Okeke (Sociology of Education), Dept. of Educational Foundations & Management, Faculty of Education, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni Campus, Eswatini. Prof. J.W. Badenhorst (Educational Psychology), Department of Postgraduate Studies, Central University of Technology, Welkom Campus, South Africa. Prof. A.B. Oduaran (Adult Education & Lifelong Learning), Faculty of Education, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa. Dr. S.S.K. Thwala (Special Needs & Psychology of Education), Dept.
    [Show full text]
  • Page 1 2018 NATIONAL ELECTIONS
    2018 NATIONAL ELECTIONS - POLLING STATIONS REGION INKHUNDLA POLLING DIVISION HHOHHO HHUKWINI Dlangeni HHUKWINI KaSiko HHUKWINI Lamgabhi HHUKWINI Lamgabhi HHUKWINI Sitseni LOBAMBA Elangeni LOBAMBA Ezulwini LOBAMBA Ezulwini LOBAMBA Ezulwini LOBAMBA Lobamba LOBAMBA Nkhanini LOBAMBA Nkhanini LOBAMBA Zabeni LOBAMBA Zabeni MADLANGEMPISI Dvokolwako / Ekuphakameni MADLANGEMPISI Dvokolwako / Ekuphakameni MADLANGEMPISI Ekukhulumeni/ Mandlangempisi MADLANGEMPISI Ekukhulumeni/ Mandlangempisi MADLANGEMPISI Gucuka MADLANGEMPISI Mavula MADLANGEMPISI Nyonyane/ Maguga MADLANGEMPISI Tfuntini/Buhlebuyeza MADLANGEMPISI Tfuntini/Buhlebuyeza MADLANGEMPISI Tfuntini/Buhlebuyeza MADLANGEMPISI Tfuntini/Buhlebuyeza MADLANGEMPISI Zandondo MADLANGEMPISI Zandondo MAPHALALENI Dlozini MAPHALALENI Madlolo MAPHALALENI Maphalaleni MAPHALALENI Mcengeni MAPHALALENI Mfeni MAPHALALENI Nsingweni MAPHALALENI Nsingweni MAYIWANE Herefords MAYIWANE Mavula MAYIWANE Mfasini MAYIWANE Mkhuzweni MAYIWANE Mkhuzweni MAYIWANE Mkhweni MBABANE EAST Fontein MBABANE EAST Fontein MBABANE EAST Mdzimba/Lofokati MBABANE EAST Mdzimba/Lofokati MBABANE EAST Msunduza MBABANE EAST Msunduza MBABANE EAST Msunduza MBABANE EAST Sidwashini MBABANE EAST Sidwashini MBABANE EAST Sidwashini MBABANE EAST Sidwashini MBABANE WEST Mangwaneni MBABANE WEST Mangwaneni MBABANE WEST Mangwaneni MBABANE WEST Manzana MBABANE WEST Nkwalini MBABANE WEST Nkwalini MBABANE WEST Nkwalini MBABANE WEST Nkwalini MHLANGATANE Emalibeni MHLANGATANE Mangweni MHLANGATANE Mphofu MHLANGATANE Mphofu MHLANGATANE Ndvwabangeni MHLANGATANE
    [Show full text]
  • CBD Sixth National Report
    SIXTH NATIONAL REPORT i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Eswatini’s Sixth National Report (6NR) to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (UNCBD) has been compiled by the Project Management Unit. The 6NR is a compilation of the contributions that have been made by the different stakeholders that are working on the issues that are in relation to the country’s customized Aichi Targets, as highlighted in the National Biodiversity Strategy Action Plan, Two (NBSAP 2). Data collection from stakeholders was done through the bilateral consultative meetings that were held between stakeholders and the project team, the regional workshops and a national workshop. The compilation of the 6NR has been managed and supervised by Ms. Hlobsile Sikhosana, who is the UNCBD Focal Point and Chief Environmental Coordinator in the Ministry of Tourism and Environmental Affairs. Special appreciation is extended to Mr. Emmanuel Dlamini, who is the Principal Secretary of the Ministry of Tourism and Environmental Affairs. Also appreciated are the members of the Project Steering Committee and the members of the Technical Committee. We further acknowledge the support and guidance from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) especially from Mr Antony Kamau. The acknowledged project team and committees’ members that played a significant role in compiling the report are: 1. Project Team: - Mr Thabani Mazibuko, Mr Prince Mngoma, Mrs Xolile Lokotfwako, Mr Mpendulo Hlandze, Ms Baphelele Dlamini and Mr Lindani Mavimbela (Lead Consultant). 2. Project Steering Committee: - Ms Constance Dlamini, Ms Sanelisiwe Mamba, Ms Turu Dube, Mr Sifiso Msibi, Mr Vumile Magimba, Mr Freddy Magagula, Mr Christopher Mthethwa, Mr Musa Mbingo, Mr Sandile Gumede, Mr Leslie Balinda, Mr Stephen Khumalo, Mr Bongani Magongo and Dr Themb’alilahlwa Mahlaba.
    [Show full text]
  • Inequality of Opportunities in Education in Eswatini
    Inequality of Opportunities in Education in Eswatini By Nhlanhla Zulu Abstract This study quantifies inequality of opportunity in education in Eswatini using Multiple Indicator Cluster and Demographic and Housing Surveys. Using the “ex-ante” approach, the study identifies potential sources of inequality at all levels of the general education system in Eswatini and how these interplay with learner achievement. The study finds that, on average, circumstances account for a low portion of the variance (approximately 23.7%) in learner attainment. This measure is higher for learners aged 15 to 18 years. This means that, as the learner grows, the influence of unequal circumstances on educational attainment increases. In addition, family background variables like household wealth and education of household head are the main sources of inequality of opportunity. Therefore, opportunity equalising policies are required at all levels of the general education system in Eswatini. Key Words: Inequality of opportunity, ex-ante 1. Introduction Educational achievement is considered as a fundamental input into a person’s functioning and capacity to flourish there has been great interest by individuals and policy makers in the distribution of opportunities in education. Despite the growing interest of policymakers as well as economists in equality of opportunity; its empirical applications remain scarce. The main reason is that implementation of equal opportunity policies requires the identification of the contribution of circumstances and effort to observed inequality (Jusot, Tubeuf, and Trannoy, 2010). Moreover, studying the differential intensity of opportunity inequality across regional areas, professional categories or even income classes, can give clearer information on the priorities of a redistributive policy (Checchi, Daniele, Peragine, and Vitorocco, 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Swaziland Government Gazette Extraordinary
    Swaziland Government Gazette Extraordinary VOL. XLVI] MBABANE, Friday, MAY 16th 2008 [No. 67 CONTENTS No. Page PART C - LEGAL NOTICE 104. Registration Centres For the 2008 General Elections................................................... SI PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY 442 GENERAL NOTICE NO. 25 OF 2008 VOTERS REGISTRATION ORDER, 1992 (King’s Order in Council No.3 of 1992) REGISTRATION CENTRES FOR THE 2008 GENERAL ELECTIONS (Under Section 5(4)) Short title and commencement (1) This notice shall be cited as the Registration Centres Notice, 2008. (2) This general notice shall come into force on the date of publication in the Gazette. Registration centres for the 2008general elections It is notified for general information that the registration of all eligible voters for the 2008 general elections shall be held at Imiphakatsi (chiefdoms) and at the registration centres that have been listed in this notice; REGISTRATION CENTRES HHOHHO REGION CODE CODE CODE CHIEFDOM / POLLING Sub polling REGION INKHUNDLA STATION station 01 HHOHHO 01 HHUKWINI 01 Dlangeni 01 HHOHHO 01 HHUKWINI 02 Lamgabhi 01 HHOHHO 02 LOBAMBA 01 Elangeni 01 HHOHHO 02 LOBAMBA 02 Ezabeni 01 HHOHHO 02 LOBAMBA 03 Ezulwini 01 HHOHHO 02 LOBAMBA 04 Lobamba 01 HHOHHO 02 LOBAMBA 05 Nkhanini 01 HHOHHO 03 MADLANGEMPISI 01 Buhlebuyeza 01 HHOHHO 03 MADLANGEMPISI 02 KaGuquka 01 HHOHHO 03 MADLANGEMPISI 03 Kuphakameni/ Dvokolwako 01 HHOHHO 03 MADLANGEMPISI 04 Mzaceni 01 HHOHHO 03 MADLANGEMPISI 05 Nyonyane / KaMaguga 01 HHOHHO 03 MADLANGEMPISI 06 Zandondo 01 HHOHHO 04 MAPHALALENI 01 Edlozini 443
    [Show full text]
  • Eswatini Water Services Corporation Generic
    Public Disclosure Authorized ESWATINI WATER SERVICES CORPORATION Public Disclosure Authorized GENERIC ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Public Disclosure Authorized FOR THE NHLANGANO-SIPHAMBANWENI WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT- SANITATION COMPONENT Proponent Prepared by Eswatini Water Services Corporation MTK Sustainable Technologies Emtfonjeni Building, Cultural Village Road Plot 753, Southern Distributor Road MR103 Road, Ezulwini, Eswatini Extension 7 Manzini P.O. Box 20 P.O Box 4019 Mbabane, H100 Manzini, M200 Public Disclosure Authorized Tel: +268 2416 9000 Tel: +268 2505 8875 Fax: +268 2416 3616 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... 6 ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................................................... 13 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 14 Project Objectives ............................................................................................................... 15 Project Component ............................................................................................................. 15 Generic ESMP For Component 2 ....................................................................................... 17 Project Institutional and Implementation Arrangements ...................................................... 18 Ministry
    [Show full text]
  • Monthly Climate Summary December 2019
    1 Monthly Climate Summary December 2019 1. Rainfall Performance Doc No: TEA 3/3/7/1 F-009 In This Bulletin 2. ENSO status and forecast Revision No: 1 3. Rainfall forecast Effective Date: 01.07.2017 Approved by: 1.Rainfall 1.1 Spatial Distribution The good rainfall which was observed in November continued to be received in Decem- ber. The majority of reporting stations reported rainfall which was in the category of normal to above normal rainfall with exceptions being areas in the northern Lubombo and southern Shiselweni where slightly below average rainfall was received (see fig 2). The spatial distribution of the November rainfall followed the traditional patterns with areas in the Highveld and Middleveld receiving more rainfall than those in the Lowveld (fig.1). Mbabane, Nkhaba and Motshane Tinkhudla received the most rainfall while Si- phofaneni, Sithobela , Sigwe and Lubuli were the Tinkhudla receiving the least amount of Rainfall. Khubutha , Lamgabhi and neighbouring Tinkhudla’s received the highest amounts of rainfall when compared to their 30 year average with some report- ing over 175 percent of their normal rainfall for the month. Fig 1. Fig 2. 2 1.2 Actual Recorded Rainfall Higher than long term average rainfall was reported in Mbabane, Matsapha, Malk- erns, Sithobela, Khubutha and Piggs Peak. Mbabane had the highest monthly rainfall total of 247 mm followed by Malkerns with a monthly total of 230 mm. Only Nhlangano and Mananga reported rainfall which was below the long term average recording 115 and 86 mm respectively. 300 250 December 2019 Rainfall Totals 200 150 LT-Ave 100 Rainfall Rainfall (MM) 2019-Rain 50 0 Fig 3 1.2 Temporal distribution of Rainfall The first dekad of the month received the most of the rainfall occurring in the re- porting month.
    [Show full text]