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Sarcocornia Obclavata (Amaranthaceae) a New Species from Turkey

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Sarcocornia Obclavata (Amaranthaceae) a New Species from Turkey Phytotaxa 49: 55–60 (2012) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2012 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) Sarcocornia obclavata (Amaranthaceae) a new species from Turkey AHMET EMRE YAPRAK Ankara University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Sarcocornia obclavata is described as a new species from Mediterranean Turkey. The main morphological characters that separate S. obclavata from other Sarcocornia species are the obclavate shape of its fertile segments, which is more obvious at lower fertile segments. Sarcocornia obclavata differs from S. perennis in having cymes on fertile segments that clearly do not reach the upper edge. It differs from S. fruticosa in having curved hairs on the seed testa. Key words: Mediterranean, Chenopodiaceae Introduction Sarcocornia Scott (1977: 366) is a genus of halophytic perennials with a nearly worldwide distribution, compromising ca 20–25 species (Steffen et al. 2010). Sarcocornia is distinguished from the annual Salicornia Linnaeus (1753: 3) in being shrubby perennials and by having flowers of equal height in the cymes (Scott 1977). Sarcocornia and Salicornia differ from Arthrocnemum Moquin-Tandon (1840: 111) in having membranous seeds that lack endosperm, and in their florets not being hidden behind bracts (Scott 1977). Molecular phylogenetic studies support the morphological distinctions between the three genera (Kadereit et al. 2006, Kadereit et al. 2007). The generic status of Sarcocornia is accepted in many recent taxonomical studies (Alonso & Crespo 2008, Steffen et al. 2009, Steffen et al. 2010). There are two Sarcocornia species known from the Mediterranean region (Piirainen 2009): S. fruticosa (Linnaeus 1753: 3) Scott (1977: 367) and S. perennis (Miller 1768) Scott (1977: 367). The latter is usually divided into two subspecies: S. p. subsp. perennis and S. p. subsp. alpini (Lagasca 1817: 48) Castroviejo (in Castroviejo & Coello 1980: 60). Although several taxonomical studies have been carried out on the genus Sarcocornia in the western Mediterranean and Britain (Castroviejo & Coello 1980, Castroviejo & Lago 1992, Figueroa et al. 2003, Davy et al. 2006), there is no study on central and eastern Mediterranean Sarcocornia except for some flora accounts (Meikle 1985, Tan 1997, Pignatti 1982, Aellen et al. 1967, Freitag 2000). In this paper a new species is presented, which was discovered in Turkey during studies on Sarcocornia of the eastern Mediterranean. A drawing of the holotype (Fig 1), SEM pictures of seed testa (Fig 2) and a distribution map of S. obclavata (Fig. 3) are provided. ITS based molecular study of Mediterranean Sarcocornia showed that S. obclavata is a monophyletic entity (A.E.Yaprak & G. Kadereit, unpublished data). The study is mainly based on both 70% alcohol preserved material and herbarium specimens, which were collected by the author during his taxonomical study on Turkish Sarcocornia. Additional Mediterranean Sarcocornia material has been examined in GAZI and KAS. A list of examined specimens of S. obclavata, S. fruticosa and S. perennis was provided. Voucher specimens are deposited in Herbarium ANK. Due to the inadequacy of herbarium materials in representing succulent growth forms (especially for floral characters), the holotype consists of a herbarium sheet with an associated alcohol preserved specimen. Accepted by Maarten Christenhusz: 21 Mar. 2012; published online in PDF: 30 Mar. 2012 1.
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