AJ Scott (Amaranthaceae)
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Effects of Day Length on Flowering and Yield Production of Salicornia And
Scientia Horticulturae 130 (2011) 510–516 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Scientia Horticulturae journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/scihorti Effects of day length on flowering and yield production of Salicornia and Sarcocornia species Yvonne Ventura a, Wegi A. Wuddineh a, Muki Shpigel b, Tzachi M. Samocha c, Brandon C. Klim c, Shabtai Cohen d, Zion Shemer d, Rui Santos e, Moshe Sagi a,∗ a The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, The Albert Katz Department of Dryland Biotechnologies, Ben-Gurion University, PO Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel b National Center for Mariculture, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, PO Box 1212, Eilat 88112, Israel c Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Shrimp Mariculture Research Facility, 4301 Waldron Road, Corpus Christi, TX 78418, USA d Ramat Negev Desert Agro-Research Station, Halutza 85515, Israel e Centre for Marine Sciences (CCMAR), CIMAR-Laboratório Associado, FCMA, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal article info abstract Article history: Salicornia is a new vegetable crop that can be irrigated with highly saline water, even at salt concentrations Received 8 March 2011 equivalent to full-strength seawater. During leafy vegetable cultivation, the onset of the reproductive Received in revised form 24 June 2011 phase is an undesired phenomenon that reduces yield and quality and prevents year-round cultivation. Accepted 4 August 2011 Knowledge about the regulation of floral induction in the members of the tribe Salicornieae, however, is lacking. To establish year-round cultivation, we studied the flower induction of five Salicornia and two Keywords: Sarcocornia varieties. Plants were grown under two day lengths, 13.5 h and 18 h, and harvested by a repet- Biomass yield itive harvest regime. -
Seed Germination of the Halophyte Anabasis Setifera (Amaranthaceae) from Saudi Arabia
Botany Seed germination of the halophyte Anabasis setifera (Amaranthaceae) from Saudi Arabia. Journal: Botany Manuscript ID cjb-2018-0053.R1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 19-May-2018 Complete List of Authors: Basahi, Mohammed; Shaqra University College of Science and Arts Sajir, biology; Anabasis setifera,Draft halophyte, Temperature, Germination, seed germination Keyword: recovery Is the invited manuscript for consideration in a Special Not applicable (regular submission) Issue? : https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/botany-pubs Page 1 of 27 Botany Seed germination of the halophyte Anabasis setifera (Amaranthaceae) from Saudi Arabia. Mohammed A Basahi College of Science and Arts Sajir Shaqra University P.O. Box 33, Shaqra 11961 Saudi Arabia [email protected] Draft00966582223689 1 https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/botany-pubs Botany Page 2 of 27 Abstract The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of temperature, light/darkness, and salinity (NaCl) on seed germination of Anabasis setifera Moq. and the effects of alleviating salinity stress using distilled water. One-hundred percent of seeds completed germination at 15/5, 20/10, and 20°C, and a higher percentage of seeds completed germinationin light than in the dark at 20/10 and 25/15°C. The percentage of seeds that completed the germination decreased as salinity increased from 0 to 700 mM NaCl. Seeds that did not complete germination in the 800 or 700 mM NaCl solutions completed its germinationDraft after being transferred to distilled water, with a recovery rate of 94.5% and 75.5%, respectively, at 25/15°C. The inhibitory effect of NaCl on the completion of germination in this species probably occurs via an osmotic effect. -
Feedstock List (As of 3/2018)
Feedstock List (as of 3/2018) FOG: Fats / Oils / Greases Wastes / Oil Seeds Algae / Aquatic Species Industrial Aloe (Aloe vera) Meadowfoam (Limnanthes alba) Brown grease Cyanobacteria Babassu (Attalea speciosa) Mustard (Sinapis alba) Crude glycerine Halophytes (e.g., Salicornia bigelovii) *Camelina (Camelina sativa)* Nuts Fish oil Lemna (Lemna spp.) *Canola, winter (Brassica napus[occasionally rapa Olive (Olea europaea) Industrial effluent (palm) Macroalgae or campestris])* *Carinata (Brassica carinata)* Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Shrimp oil (Caridea) Mallow (Malva spp.) Castor (Ricinus communis) Peanut, Cull (Arachis hypogaea) Tall oil pitch Microalgae Citrus (Citron spp.) Pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) Tallow / Lard Spirodela (Spirodela polyrhiza) Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Pongamia (Millettia pinnata) White grease Wolffia (Wolffia arrhiza) Corn, inedible (Zea mays) Poppy (Papaver rhoeas) Waste vegetable oil Cottonseed (Gossypium) *Rapeseed (Brassica napus)* Yellow grease Croton megalocarpus Oryza sativa Croton ( ) Rice Bran ( ) Cuphea (Cuphea viscossisima) Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) Flax / Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) Sesame (Sesamum indicum) Gourds / Melons (Cucumis melo) Soybean (Glycine max) Grapeseed (Vitis vinifera) Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) Hemp seeds (Cannabis sativa) Tallow tree (Triadica sebifera) Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) Calophyllum inophyllum Kamani ( ) Lesquerella (Lesquerella fenderi) Cellulose Woody Grasses Residues Other Types: Arundo (Arundo donax) Bagasse -
Effect of Salinity and Waterlogging on Growth and Survival of Salicornia Europaea L., and Inland Halophyte
Effect of Salinity and Waterlogging on Growth and Survival of Salicornia europaea L., an Inland Halophyte1 CAROLYN HOWES KEIFFER, BRIAN C. MCCARTFIY, AND IRWIN A. UNGAR, Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701 ABSTRACT. Salicornia europaea seedlings were exposed to various salinity and water depths for 11 weeks under controlled, growth chamber conditions. Weekly measurements were made of height, number of nodes, and number of branches per plant. Growth and survival of plants grown with the addition of NaCl were significantly greater (P <0.0001) than for plants which were not given a salt treatment. Although there were no significant (P >0.05) growth differences among plants under different water level conditions within the salt treatment group, plants which were grown without NaCl demonstrated significant decreases in growth in higher water levels, with the greatest growth occurring in the low water treatment group. All plants given a salt treatment survived until the end of the experiment. However, high mortality occurred among the plants that were not salt-treated, with all plants grown under waterlogged conditions dying by week six. The high mortality exhibited by this treatment group indicates that Salicornia, which is typically found in low marsh or inland salt marsh situations, was unable to overcome the combined stress of being continuously waterlogged in a freshwater environment. OHIO J. SCI. 94 (3): 70-73, 1994 INTRODUCTION matter and methane formation is the terminal process in The distribution of plant species in saline environments fresh water marshes (Van Diggelen 1991). Therefore, of inland North America is closely associated with soil plants living in saline waterlogged soils face four major water potentials and other factors influencing the level of problems: 1) inhibition of aerobic root respiration which salinity stress, including microtopography, precipitation, may interfere with the uptake and transport of nutrients and depth of the water table (Ungar et al. -
Southwestern Rare and Endangered Plants
The Importance of Competition in the Isolation and Establishment of Helianthus Paradoxus (Asteraceae) 1 OSCAR W. VAN AUKEN AND JANIS. K. BUSH Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249 1Author for correspondence and reprints. FAX 210-458-5658; E-mail [email protected] ABSTRACT: Helianthus paradoxus (the Pecos or puzzle sunflower) is a threatened, federally listed annual species that is found in a few locations in west Texas and New Mexico. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the ability of H. paradoxus to compete with its progenitors and a with potential ecosystem competitor, Distichlis spicata (saltgrass) in simulated salt marsh and non-salt marsh environments. The results were usually dependent on soil salinity. Helianthus paradoxus was the better competitor in high saline soil and its progenitor H. annuus (common sunflower) was the better competitor in low saline soil. However, H. paradoxus was the better competitor in both high and low saline soils when compared to it progenitor H. petiolaris (plains sunflower) and to D. spicata, an ecosystem competitor. The ability of H. paradoxus to tolerate higher saline conditions, and perhaps even restrict the more geographically widespread H. annuus in saline soils may have allowed H. paradoxus to establish, become genetically isolated and survive as a species in inland salt marshes. Data presented here indicate that while H. paradoxus can grow in low saline soil, interference from H. annuus in low saline soils could restrict H. paradoxus to saline environments within salt marshes. The ability of H. paradoxus to out-compete D. -
B a N I S T E R I A
B A N I S T E R I A A JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE NATURAL HISTORY OF VIRGINIA ISSN 1066-0712 Published by the Virginia Natural History Society The Virginia Natural History Society (VNHS) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to the dissemination of scientific information on all aspects of natural history in the Commonwealth of Virginia, including botany, zoology, ecology, archaeology, anthropology, paleontology, geology, geography, and climatology. The society’s periodical Banisteria is a peer-reviewed, open access, online-only journal. Submitted manuscripts are published individually immediately after acceptance. A single volume is compiled at the end of each year and published online. The Editor will consider manuscripts on any aspect of natural history in Virginia or neighboring states if the information concerns a species native to Virginia or if the topic is directly related to regional natural history (as defined above). Biographies and historical accounts of relevance to natural history in Virginia also are suitable for publication in Banisteria. Membership dues and inquiries about back issues should be directed to the Co-Treasurers, and correspondence regarding Banisteria to the Editor. For additional information regarding the VNHS, including other membership categories, annual meetings, field events, pdf copies of papers from past issues of Banisteria, and instructions for prospective authors visit http://virginianaturalhistorysociety.com/ Editorial Staff: Banisteria Editor Todd Fredericksen, Ferrum College 215 Ferrum Mountain Road Ferrum, Virginia 24088 Associate Editors Philip Coulling, Nature Camp Incorporated Clyde Kessler, Virginia Tech Nancy Moncrief, Virginia Museum of Natural History Karen Powers, Radford University Stephen Powers, Roanoke College C. L. Staines, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Copy Editor Kal Ivanov, Virginia Museum of Natural History Copyright held by the author(s). -
Chenopodiaceae)
Ann. Bot. Fennici 45: 241–254 ISSN 0003-3847 (print) ISSN 1797-2442 (online) Helsinki 29 August 2008 © Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 2008 Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on South American taxa of Sarcocornia (Chenopodiaceae) M. Ángeles Alonso & Manuel B. Crespo* CIBIO, Instituto de la Biodiversidad, Universidad de Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain (*corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected]) Received 3 Apr. 2007, revised version received 31 May 2007, accepted 8 June 2007 Alonso, M. Á. & Crespo, M. B. 2008: Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on South American taxa of Sarcocornia (Chenopodiaceae). — Ann. Bot. Fennici 45: 241–254. Five South American species of Sarcocornia (Chenopodiaceae) are accepted, four of which are new combinations in that genus: S. ambigua (Michx.) M.A. Alonso & M.B. Crespo, S. andina (Phil.) Freitag, M.A. Alonso & M.B. Crespo, S. magellanica (Phil.) M.A. Alonso & M.B. Crespo, and S. neei (Lag.) M.A. Alonso & M.B. Crespo. Synonyms and types are cited for the accepted taxa, and three lectotypes, an epitype and a neotype are designated to establish a correct usage of the names. Main diagnostic characters, ecological features and distributions are also reported for each taxon, and a key is provided to facilitate identification. Key words: Chenopodiaceae, nomenclature, Salicornioideae, Sarcocornia, taxonomy Introduction the world (except in eastern Asia), though a few are restricted to arid continental areas where they Sarcocornia (subfamily Salicornioideae, occur on the shores of salt lakes and marshes, and Chenopodiaceae) includes erect to prostrate even in basins between high mountain ranges (cf. dwarf shrubs, sometimes creeping and rooting at Kadereit et al. -
Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Properties of Medicinally Important Plant Jatropha Curcas L
Volume 4, Issue 3, September – October 2010; Article 002 ISSN 0976 – 044X BROAD-SPECTRUM ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT PLANT JATROPHA CURCAS L. Amit Sharma*, Sonal Saxena, Uzma Rani, Shilpa Rajore, Amla Batra Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT In the present study the effectiveness of Jatropha curcas on inactivation of some microorganisms i.e. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis were determined. The filter paper disc method was used for screening of crude ethanolic extract of leaves for antimicrobial activity. The paper discs saturated with extract were placed on the surface of the sterilized nutrient agar medium that had been inoculated with the test organisms by using a sterile swab. The diameters of microbial inhibition zones were measured after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C. According to the methodology used, it was possible to conclude that the ethanolic extract presented antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. No antimicrobial activity was found against Bacillus subtilis. Ethanolic extract of Jatropha leaves presented the largest inhibition zones (i.e. 11mm.) against E. coli. Keywords: Jatropha curcas L., Ethanolic extract, E. coli, P. fluorescens, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. subtilis. INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS Human beings have been utilizing plants for basic Plant material preventive and curative health care since time Plant material used for this study was collected from immemorial. Recent estimations suggest that over 9,000 University Botanical Garden, Botany Department, plants have been known for medicinal applications in University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India. -
A Fine-Scale Conservation Plan for Cape Lowlands Renosterveld: Technical Report
A Fine-Scale Conservation Plan for Cape Lowlands Renosterveld: Technical Report MAIN REPORT September 2003 Amrei von Hase Mathieu Rouget Kristal Maze Nick Helme Report No. CCU 2/03 Cape Conservation Unit Botanical Society of South Africa Pvt Bag X 10 7735 Claremont www.botanicalsociety.org.za/ccu Key Partners and Sponsors of the Cape Lowlands Renosterveld Project TABLE MOUNTAIN FUND 2 Acknowledgements Many individuals and organizations have contributed generously to the Cape Lowlands Renosterveld Project to whom the Botanical Society and the project team are greatly indebted. We express our appreciation to you in this section and in addition have provided acknowledgement to others in sections of this report where their contribution was relevant. We are particularly indebted to our key project partners, the Western Cape Nature Conservation Board (WCNCB), for putting their full support behind the project from its inception as well as their many contributions to the project. In Scientific Services we especially thank the late Chris Burgers, Helen de Klerk, Ernst Baard, Annelise le Roux, Guy Palmer and Andrew Turner for their guidance in the project planning and initiation stages, particularly on data and GIS matters. We are tremendously grateful to Chris who generously and infectiously shared with us his wealth of knowledge about the lowlands. In Operations we express our appreciation to the business unit managers, extension officers and regional ecologists who played a vital role particularly in shaping the final products of the project. We are especially grateful to Anton Wolfaardt and Chris Martens. Wendy Paisley of the Cape Conservation Unit (CCU) of the Botanical Society provided invaluable administrative and organizational support to the project. -
Origin and Age of Australian Chenopodiaceae
ARTICLE IN PRESS Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 5 (2005) 59–80 www.elsevier.de/ode Origin and age of Australian Chenopodiaceae Gudrun Kadereita,Ã, DietrichGotzek b, Surrey Jacobsc, Helmut Freitagd aInstitut fu¨r Spezielle Botanik und Botanischer Garten, Johannes Gutenberg-Universita¨t Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany bDepartment of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA cRoyal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, Australia dArbeitsgruppe Systematik und Morphologie der Pflanzen, Universita¨t Kassel, D-34109 Kassel, Germany Received 20 May 2004; accepted 31 July 2004 Abstract We studied the age, origins, and possible routes of colonization of the Australian Chenopodiaceae. Using a previously published rbcL phylogeny of the Amaranthaceae–Chenopodiaceae alliance (Kadereit et al. 2003) and new ITS phylogenies of the Camphorosmeae and Salicornieae, we conclude that Australia has been reached in at least nine independent colonization events: four in the Chenopodioideae, two in the Salicornieae, and one each in the Camphorosmeae, Suaedeae, and Salsoleae. Where feasible, we used molecular clock estimates to date the ages of the respective lineages. The two oldest lineages both belong to the Chenopodioideae (Scleroblitum and Chenopodium sect. Orthosporum/Dysphania) and date to 42.2–26.0 and 16.1–9.9 Mya, respectively. Most lineages (Australian Camphorosmeae, the Halosarcia lineage in the Salicornieae, Sarcocornia, Chenopodium subg. Chenopodium/Rhagodia, and Atriplex) arrived in Australia during the late Miocene to Pliocene when aridification and increasing salinity changed the landscape of many parts of the continent. The Australian Camphorosmeae and Salicornieae diversified rapidly after their arrival. The molecular-clock results clearly reject the hypothesis of an autochthonous stock of Chenopodiaceae dating back to Gondwanan times. -
César S.B. Costa1,4, Gudrun Kadereit2 & Gabriela Peres Moraes
Rodriguésia 70: e03122017. 2019 http://rodriguesia.jbrj.gov.br DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201970039 Original Paper / Artigo Original Molecular markers indicate the phylogenetic identity of southern Brazilian sea asparagus: first record of Salicornia neei in Brazil César S.B. Costa1,4, Gudrun Kadereit2 & Gabriela Peres Moraes de Freitas3 Abstract Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on ETS, ITS and atpB-rbcL spacer sequences assessed the phylogenetic status of the southern Brazil sea asparagus species of the genus Salicornia (Salicornioideae, Amaranthaceae). Accessions of Patos Lagoon estuary (32° S) were obtained from wild plants and two pure line lineages, selected from contrasting prostrate (BTH1) and decumbent (BTH2) ecomorphotypes found locally. Patos Lagoon wild plants, BTH1 and BTH2 f4 progenies showed 100% identical sequences for the atpB-rbcL and ITS spacers, only two mutations for ETS. Comparison of the sequences of these three markers with GenBank records confirmed the identity of Brazilian accessions as Salicornia neei. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis of ETS sequences indicated that the southern Brazilian accessions of Salicornia certainly are not close to any of the Salicornia ambigua accessions in GenBank, which are restricted to the northern hemisphere, nor are they related to any Salicornia fruticosa/Salicornia perennis clade accessions, which are also restricted to Eurasia. All above cited species have been wrongly applied to the southern Brazil sea asparagus. Key words: DNA sequences, Salicornioideae, Sarcocornia, halophyte, salt marshes. Resumo Análises filogenéticas moleculares baseadas em sequências das regiões espaçadoras ETS, ITS and atpB- rbcL avaliaram o status filogenético da espécie de aspargo marinho do gênero Salicornia (Salicornioideae, Amaranthaceae) presente no sul do Brasil. -
Sarcocornia Obclavata (Amaranthaceae) a New Species from Turkey
Phytotaxa 49: 55–60 (2012) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2012 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) Sarcocornia obclavata (Amaranthaceae) a new species from Turkey AHMET EMRE YAPRAK Ankara University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Sarcocornia obclavata is described as a new species from Mediterranean Turkey. The main morphological characters that separate S. obclavata from other Sarcocornia species are the obclavate shape of its fertile segments, which is more obvious at lower fertile segments. Sarcocornia obclavata differs from S. perennis in having cymes on fertile segments that clearly do not reach the upper edge. It differs from S. fruticosa in having curved hairs on the seed testa. Key words: Mediterranean, Chenopodiaceae Introduction Sarcocornia Scott (1977: 366) is a genus of halophytic perennials with a nearly worldwide distribution, compromising ca 20–25 species (Steffen et al. 2010). Sarcocornia is distinguished from the annual Salicornia Linnaeus (1753: 3) in being shrubby perennials and by having flowers of equal height in the cymes (Scott 1977). Sarcocornia and Salicornia differ from Arthrocnemum Moquin-Tandon (1840: 111) in having membranous seeds that lack endosperm, and in their florets not being hidden behind bracts (Scott 1977). Molecular phylogenetic studies support the morphological distinctions between the three genera (Kadereit et al. 2006, Kadereit et al. 2007). The generic status of Sarcocornia is accepted in many recent taxonomical studies (Alonso & Crespo 2008, Steffen et al. 2009, Steffen et al. 2010). There are two Sarcocornia species known from the Mediterranean region (Piirainen 2009): S.