DOCSLIB.ORG

Mites and Other Filth in Dried Shrimp Imported Into the United States from the Orient

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mites and Other Filth in Dried Shrimp Imported Into the United States from the Orient 1204 Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 45, No. 13, Pages 1204-1207 (November 1982) Copyright~. International Association of Milk, Food, and Environmental Sanitarians Mites and Other Filth in Dried Shrimp Imported into the United States From the Orient ALAN R. OLSEN Food and Drug Administration, Los Angeles, California 90015 Downloaded from http://meridian.allenpress.com/jfp/article-pdf/45/13/1204/1654958/0362-028x-45_13_1204.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 (Received for publication April 26, 1982) ABSTRACT MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty samples of dried shrimp imported into the United States From December 1980 through July 1981, 50 samples of small (2-5 em) from the Orient were examined for filth contamination. Twenty­ imported dried shrimps were examined for filth contamination. The sam­ one samples (42%) contained significant filth, including insect ples, drawn from separate lots of product offered for entry into the U.S. at ports in California and Hawaii, consisted of dried shrimp with few or fragments, whole insects, mites, rodent hairs and feather frag­ no added ingredients. Several varieties of shrimp were sampled, but be­ of occurrence was tabulated for each type of ments. Frequency cause of the desiccated nature of the product, exact taxonomic identities filth. Mite contaminants included Lardoglyphus konoi (Sasa and could not be made. Collected samples were preserved at refrigeration Asanuma) (Acarina:Acaridae) and house dust mites (Pyrog­ temperature (2°C) until they were examined at an FDA laboratory in Los lyphidae). Angeles or San Francisco. Each sample was separately examined by the Wildman trap flask tech­ nique (2). Since no official method of analysis for light filth in dried shrimp is available, the methodology varied between samples as did the amount of product examined per sample. The original containers were a variety of bulk and shelf-sized sealed plastic packages, which were in­ spected for damage or defects. Only intact packages were included in this study, and the contaminants found were assumed to be present in the Whole small dried shrimps are gaining wide acceptance products at the time of export. as an imported specialty food in the United States. Many dried shrimp products are imported from the Orient through ports of entry in California, where they are in­ RESULTS spected by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) before release for sale to the American public. FDA is re­ Of the 50 samples examined, 21 (42%) were contami­ sponsible for intercepting imported foods which are con­ nated with filth. Of these samples, which were produced in taminated with filth from arthropod and vertebrate pests of 8 different geographic localities, at least one sample from stored products. However, very little is known about the each locality was contaminated. The area from which sam­ incidence and kinds of pests which may contaminate dried ples were received and the number of samples containing shrimp. The object of this study was to determine the inci­ filth/number of samples collected were as follows: Hong dence and identity of the filth contaminants in dried shrimp Kong 2!15, Indonesia 2/2, Japan 1/10, Malaysia 1/1, entering the U.S. through California ports. Philippine Islands 2/2, Singapore 3/4, Taiwan 517 and The mites (Acari) which were frequently found as conta­ Thailand 5/9. The contaminants included insect fragments, minants of dried shrimp were primarily stored-product or whole insects, mites, feather fragments and rodent hairs. other synanthropic species; their presence in food results Table 1 presents the distribution of the types of filth from insanitary practices or conditions and could contrib­ found. Nineteen samples (38%) contained two groups of ute significantly toward the regulatory actions taken by mites: the "acarid" (superfamily Acaroidea) and the house FDA against these products. Because the Agency recog­ dust mites (family Pyroglyphidae). Other types of filth nizes the need for a full understanding of acarology as re­ found were whole booklice (Psocoptera:Liposcelidae); lated to the enforcement of Federal food sanitation statutes whole dermestid larvae and dermestid fragments (family (4), the traditional categories of mite contaminants in foods Dermestidae:Dermestes spp.); fragments and whole speci­ are being reevaluated with regard to their significance in mens of storage beetles other than dermestids, including human health and sanitation. It is hoped that this study will flour beetles (Tenebrionidae:Tribolium spp.), grain beetles aid food sanitation control workers to detect and evaluate (Cucujidae:Cryptolestes spp. and Oryzaephilus sp.) and mite contamination of dried shrimp. others (Trogositidae:Tenebroides sp. and Lophocateres JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION, VOL. 45, NOVEMBER 1982 FILTH IN IMPORTED DRIED SHRIMP 1205 sp.); fly (Diptera) filth and vertebrate filth (feather frag­ TABLE 2. Frequency distribution of contaminants in "stan- ments and rodent hairs). No filth was found in 29 of the 50 dard" samples (58%). No. of No. of %Samples Cumulative% contaminants TABLE 1 . Distribution of types of filth found in samples of im­ dried 0 29 58 58 No. of 1-100 9 18 76 Insect fragments 21 42 101-200 6 12 88 "Acarid" mites 13 26 201-300 4 8 96 House dust mites 8 16 301-400 1 2 98 Whole insects 11 22 401-500 0 0 98 Fly 9 18 501-600 2 100 Vertebrae 15 30 Mites Downloaded from http://meridian.allenpress.com/jfp/article-pdf/45/13/1204/1654958/0362-028x-45_13_1204.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 No filth found 29 58 0 31 62 62 1 -10 6 12 74 10 -102 5 10 84 Table 2 presents a frequency distribution for contamin­ 102-103 3 6 90 ants, of which insect fragments were the most frequently 103-104 2 4 94 encountered. The numbers of insect fragments are based on >104 3 6 100 a sample size of 3600 g of dried shrimp. Results from three Feather fragments samples of different sizes (1800 g, 3007 g and 3744 g) were extrapolated to fit this "standard" size. The numbers 0 36 72 72 of insect fragments ranged from 0 to 576, with a mean in­ I 5 10 82 sect fragment count of 63.3/3600 g. Most insect fragments 2 2 4 86 1 2 88 were ants and various flying insects, such as thrips and 3 4 2 4 92 aphids. The storage beetles, including dermestids, contrib­ 6 2 94 uted fewer than 25 fragments to any particular sample. 8 2 96 There is no apparent explanation for the presence of insect 12 2 98a fragments in whole dried shrimp, except that the fragments 21 2 100 may have originated from whole insect contaminants Rodent hairs which were fragmented by manipulation of the product during the drying process. 0 40 80 80 The number of whole mites ranged from 0 to more than 1 2 82 2 2 4 86 40,000. Mites were found in 38% of the samples with a 3 2 4 90 mean number of 1437/3600 g. Of these samples, 84% con­ 4 2 92 tained fewer than 100 mites. The most abundant mite was 5 2 94 a dried seafood pest, Lardoglyphus konoi (Sasa and 6 2 96 Asanuma) (Acaridae), which was found in 8 samples of 8 2 98 dried shrimp in numbers ranging from 200 to 40,000. 12 2 100 Suidasia pontifica Oudemans (Saproglyphidae), a cos­ Whole insects mopolitan pest of stored foods, was found in 6 samples and 0 39 78 78 ranged from 27 to 300. House dust mites of the genera 2 4 82 Euroglyphus and Dermatophagoides (Pyroglyphidae) were 2 0 0 82 found in 8 samples and ranged from 1 to 67. Other stored­ 3 2 84 product mites found were the brownlegged grain mite, 4 1 2 86 Aleuroglyphus ovatus (Troupeau) (Acaridae), and the mold 5 0 0 86 mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank (Acaridae), with 6-10 2 4 90 10 and 4 mites, respectively, isolated from different sam­ 11-15 3 6 96 ples. One sample from Thailand contained 68 carcasses of >15 2 4 100 an intertidal or aquatic mite (probably family Halacaridae). asample of 1800 g containing 6 feather fragments. Twenty-eight percent of the samples contained feather contaminants; feather fragments ranged from 0 to 21, with 1.5 as the mean number. Feather contamination suggests would most likely be insanitary handling and processing that the product was exposed to birds during harvesting or practices. drying. The mean number of whole insects was 2.1, with a Twenty percent of the samples contained rodent hairs; range of 0 to 24. Eleven samples (22%) contained whole rodent hair contamination ranged from 0 to 12, with 0.9 as insects, including booklice (Psocoptera:Liposcelidae), stor­ the mean number. Since rodents do not occur in the age beetles, thrips, aphids, flies, rove beetles shrimp's natural habitat, the source of this contaminant (Staphylinidae) and a spider. JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION, VOL. 45, NOVEMBER 1982 1206 OLSEN DISCUSSION Countries with distributional records for L. konoi in­ clude England, Germany, India, Japan (3), Korea (1), Mites were the most prevalent pests of the dried shrimps Kenya, United States (R. Smiley, personal communica­ examined. Although these mites are unfamiliar to many tion) and Taiwan (5). New records resulting from this food sanitation control workers, they are generally com­ study on dried shrimp include Indonesia, Malaysia, Philip­ mensal or synanthropic species, whose presence in a food pine Islands and Singapore. Lardoglyphus konoi was also product is related to insanitary manufacturing or storage found in one sample of dried anchovies (20,000 in 900 g) practices. Hughes (3) reviews the morphology and biology from the Philippine Islands. An immature stage, the of most of the species of mites found in dried shrimp.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mama Nguyen's Bun Rieu Through Annie's Window
    Mama Nguyen’s Bun Rieu Through Annie’s Window I am very excited to share this recipe with you all because it is one of my favorite Vietnamese soups - Bun Rieu. The broth in Bun Rieu is tomato-based and mixed in you have crabmeat, shrimp, pork ribs, and fresh cut tomatoes served with rice stick noodles. What makes this soup more special to me is that it is my mom’s recipe, Mama Nguyen’s Bun Rieu. Every Vietnamese house-hold makes this soup differently with unique garnishes. This is how my mom prepares it. Let’s get cooking… Prep Time: 15 minutes Cook Time: 45 minutes Total Time: 1 hour Feed: 3-5 people Appliance: Le Creuset 3 ½ Qt Round Dutch Oven or Medium/Large Pot of choice INGREDIENTS 1 pack of Rice Stick noodles 2 lbs of sliced pork ribs 1 lb ground pork 1 lb shrimp 3 whole sliced tomatoes 6 whole minced garlic 1 whole minced shallots 1 pack fried tofu 2 tbsp fish sauce 1 canned crabmeat or fresh crabmeat 1 jar of crab paste 2 cubes of bun rieu soup seasoning ½ bag of dried small shrimp 1 tbsp rock sugar 2 egg 2 tbsp kosher salt INSTRUCTIONS 1. Using your medium or large size pot, filled with water half way and bring to a boil, add your rice stick noodles to cook for about 10-12 minutes until it is cooked through. Drain rice sticks, strain with cold water and let it sit to dry. 2. Using the same pot add water halfway and add your sliced pork ribs on medium high and cook for about 5 minutes.
    [Show full text]
  • Bun Rieu Ingredients.Pdf
    Bun Rieu Ingredients (4-6) 1 package of dried Vermicelli (Cooked) 1 cup of crab meat or 3 boiled crabs (peeled) 1 cup of crab paste 1 lb of ground pork 1 lb of fried TOFU 3 eggs 2 lbs of pork bone or pork ribs ½ lb Shrimp peeled and deveined ½ lb of dried shrimp Whole garlic (minced) 6 roma tomatoes (sliced in quarter) 3-4 tablespoon of fish sauce 2 tablespoon sugar 1 tablespoon salt 2 tablespoon ANNATO SEED OIL (for coloring or 3 tablespoon tomato paste) Instructions: Put the pork into a large soup pan. Cover the pork with water until it just covers the pork. Bring the water to a boil. Once the water boils, take out the pork pieces and set aside. Pour out the water. Transfer the pork back into the soup pan and cover it with fresh water. This process will help to clean the pork and produce a clear broth. Add in the onion, dried shrimp, and the salt. Bring the water to a boil. Reduce to low heat and simmer the soup for an hour and a half. While the soup is simmering, combine the scallions, and oil in a pan. Cook for 20 seconds and set aside. Watch the scallions carefully because they burn easily. Once the soup has simmered for an hour and a half, add this mixture to the soup with the tomatoes. This mixture and the tomatoes will help give the soup its signature red color. Simmer for another 30 minutes. As the soup is simmering, combine the eggs and crab paste in a small bowl.
    [Show full text]
  • Dehydration Property of Shrimp (Pandalus Borealis) Undergoing Heat-Pump Drying Process
    92 December, 2009 Int J Agric & Biol Eng Open Access at http://www.ijabe.org Vol. 2 No.4 Dehydration property of Shrimp (Pandalus borealis) undergoing heat-pump drying process Zhang Guochen1, Sigurjón Arason2,3, Sveinn Víkingur Árnason2 (1. Dalian Fisheries University, Heishijiao Street 52, Dalian 116023, China; 2. Icelandic Fisheries Laboratory, P.O.Box 1405, Skulagata 4, 121 Reykjavik, Iceland; 3. Department of Food Science, University of Iceland, Hjarðarhaga 2-6,107 Reykjavík, Iceland) Abstract: Peeled, headed or whole shrimp (Pandalus borealis) was dried in a heat-pump dryer at -2-0℃ and 20℃, respectively, and desorption isotherms characterizing the dehydration property of each shrimp sample group were determined. Desorption isotherms of shrimp handled differently and dried at different temperatures (-2-0℃ or 20℃) aw could be well described by Oswin’s model ( Xa= ()n ). The regression model of peeled, headed or whole shrimp 1- aw was established, which is reliable for predicting the desorption isotherms of shrimp undergoing heat-pump drying. The handling methods of shrimp exhibit measurable influence on desorption isotherms of shrimp, whereas drying temperature (-2-0℃ or 20℃) has little influence on the constants of a and n in Oswin’s model, of whole shrimp, even though it has certain influence on these constants of peeled and headed shrimp. For heat-pump drying, headed shrimp may have a better stability than peeled or whole shrimp due to the best stability. Key words: Heat pump drying, shrimp (Pandalus borealis), dehydration property, desorption isotherm, Oswin’s model DOI: 10.3965/j.issn.1934-6344.2009.04.092-097 Citation: Zhang Guochen, Sigurjón Arason, Sveinn Víkingur Árnason.
    [Show full text]
  • Hainanese Chicken Rice
    From My Kitchen: Readers’ Choice Top 10 Recipes from Focus:Snap:Eat Words and images by Benjamin Seto Copyright © 2016 Benjamin Seto All rights reserved. No parts of this ebook should be excerpted or distributed without the owner’s permission. For more information, contact Benjamin Seto at [email protected] Introduction In September 2016, I marked 10 years of food blogging in the San Francisco Bay Area. And can you believe in all that time, this is my very first cookbook? In the next few pages, you’ll see the Top 10 most viewed recipes that can be found on my Focus:Snap:Eat food blog. Coincidentally, many are Chinese favorites from my youth growing up in Honolulu, which makes me wonder if I’m getting a lot of page hits from China? ;-) Whoever is reading my recipes, I thank you for your interest and hope you enjoy this collection of readers’ choices. Cheers, Ben 1 Hainanese Chicken Rice 2 I don’t think there’s a better dish to celebrate Hainanese Chicken Rice the pure chicken-ness of a good chicken Makes 4 servings than Hainanese chicken rice. Ingredients: If you’re not familiar with this dish, it’s 1 whole organic or free-range chicken (about 3 to 3.5 lbs.) extremely popular in Southeast Asia. In fact, 2 cups jasmine rice 1 English cucumber even though it was created in Hainan — an 2 to 4 stalks of green onion island province in Southern China — it was fresh ginger root adopted by other nearby Asian countries 4 cloves garlic 1 shallot and became so popular in Singapore that 1 star anise (optional) it’s considered the national dish.
    [Show full text]
  • [Noodle with Or W/O Soup] Cơm Chiên
    Giải khát - [Beverages] Cơm Dĩa - [Rice Dishes] Lẩu - [Vietnamese Hot Pot Soup] Cook table side with portable burner Nước Ngọt [Soft Drinks] [Coke | Diet Coke | Sprite | Sunkist | Orange Soda] 2 30. Cơm Gà Xào Xã Ớt 11 [Spicy stir-fried lemongrass chicken on Jasmine rice] Sữa Đậu Nành [Soy Bean Drink] 3 68. Lẩu Thái * 44 31. Cơm Gà Rôti 12 [Spicy Thai style soup served with a combination of seafood, beef, rice noodles, tofu, and Chinese watercress] Nước Dừa Tươi [Young Coconut & juice drink] 4 [Vietnamese style oven-roasted chicken marinated in garlic on yellow rice] Soda Chanh [Freshly squeezed lemonade with club soda] 4 32. Cơm Chim Cút [3 pieces] 12 69. Lẩu Thập Cẩm * 44 [Special hot pot with shrimp, mussels, squid, fish balls, beef, tofu served with fresh vegetables] [Marinated roasted quails on Jasmine rice] Soda Xí Muội [Preserved salted plum with club soda] 4 70. Lẩu Đuôi Bò * 44 33. Cơm Bò Lúc Lắc 13 [Ox tail spicy beef broth] Đá Chanh [Freshly squeezed lemonade] 3 [Cubed beef sauteed with onion, tomato and oyster sauce served on a bed of greens] 71. Lẩu Chua Cá Rô Phi | Cá Kèo * 44 Rau Má [Pennywort drink] 4 34. Cơm Tay Cầm Đặt Biệt 15 [Fish, vegetables, tomatoes, bamboo, bananas blossoms, okra, pineapple, mushroom, and celery] [Combination of seafood with sweet Chinese sausage baked in a clay pot with rice and vegetables] Cà Phê Đen Đá [Vietnamese black iced coffee] 4 72. Lẩu Mắm * 46 35. Cơm Tay Cầm Hến 14 [Spicy lemongrass soup with prawns, big cuts of fish, pork belly and squids] Cà Phê Sữa Đá [Vietnamse iced coffee with condense milk] 5 [Baby clams baked in a clay pot with rice, vegetables and peanuts] Extra: Soup | Vermicelli | Vegetables 5/ea Trà Thái [Thai iced tea] 4 *Contains or may contain raw or uncooked ingredients.
    [Show full text]
  • Norris Price Interview
    Norris Price Interview Interviewers: Carl Brasseaux and Don Davis Carl Brasseaux: Let me see if I can get them to upload um…I think now if you click right here you can go back and forth you can just start from there. Don Davis: Okay let’s um, we click here? Which one? Yeah just you see right here? Right and left? Alright let’s do this let’s.. Wait I think if you – let’s try this. Alright. D: Okay. B: Yeah. You just click the arrow. Right and left it should go back and forth. D: Now you should recognize that individual. That’s your son. Norris Price: Who? D: That’s your son, Norris. P: Norris Junior? Oh yeah. D: Right there. Now what we’re doing is – I was here in the ‘70’s… P: Yeah, okay. D: And - and we’re gonna go just through these.. P: Mmhmm…Yep. That’s in Dulac. Yeah. Yeah. D: What I want to do is just start right here. This is a beater… P: It’s a beater. D: And it just explain how a beater works… P: In those - now we have it hooked up to a, electricity. In those days we had it hooked up on a, with a motor. Carengine. But now we hook it up with an electric motor. D: And what’s the purpose? P: That’s to that’s to – that’s to uh, break the shells off of the shrimp. D: And you do that before you boil or after you boil it? Oh no that’s done after it’s boiled – after it’s dry.
    [Show full text]
  • Conference Series
    Production of dried shrimp mixed with turmeric and salt by Spouted Bed technique enter the rectangular chamber. Pisut Thanthong, Yapha Mustafa and Dusit Ngamrungroj College of Industrial Technology, Department of Social and Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, MD 0818265958 Thailand, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Today, dried shrimp in the market were refused food colour and drying until shrimp are colourful and tasty. Meanwhile, Community groups, women's health trying to produce food products come from herbs. As an alternative to consumers. The production process is also a traditional way to dry. In order to extend the shelf life longer. Sometimes, potential risks, both in quality and quantity of products. As a result, consumers are enormous. Thus, this research aims to study the possibility to produce shrimp dried mixed with turmeric and salt. Then dried shrimp mixed with turmeric and salt to keep up the quality criteria of the Food and Drug Administration-FDA It can reduce the risk of the consumer and can keep up in a kitchen Thailand. When buying shrimp from the fisherman's boat Will be made clear, clean impurities and shaking the sand to dry. Prepare a mixture of turmeric and salt. The shrimp were dipped into a beef with stirrer for 3 minutes. And scoop up centrifugal shrimp with dried. Measurement of initial moisture content averaging 78%wb. Then drying technique Spouted enter the rectangular chamber a continuous manner. Until average moisture content to 17%wb. The air temperature in the drying chamber at 180 oC and hot air speed 4.5 m/s, a state heat transfer Mass and moisture within the shrimp.
    [Show full text]
  • 9789814721509 (.Pdf) | 10.21 Mb
    ANGELO COMSTI ALSO BY ANGELO COMSTI FUSS-FREE FILIPINO FUSS-FREE ForFOOD Review Only QUICK & EASY DISHES FILIPINO FOR EVERYDAY COOKING ISBN 978 981 4361 22 4 With Spanish, Chinese and Malay infl uences, FUSS-FREE FOOD Filipino cuisine is distinct from that of its ANGELO COMSTI South East Asian neighbours with its sweet, QUICK & EASY DISHES is a foodie. His tasty words have salty, sour and spicy fl avours. From staples such FOR EVERYDAY COOKING made it to television, radio and as binagoongang baboy (pork in shrimp paste) various periodicals, both print and FILIPINO and tinolang manok (chicken in ginger soup), digital. He also doubles as a food to snacks such as maja blanca (coconut and corn custard) and prop stylist, having produced and yema (sweet custard candy), Fuss-free Filipino Food scrumptious works for magazines, ISBN 978 981 4398 56 5 features some of the most popular dishes from TV and print ads, billboards, across the archipelago, with quick and FOOD restaurant menus and cookbooks. easy recipes that allow anyone to savour the comforting He did his professional culinary fl avours of Filipino cooking without studies at Le Cordon Bleu in having to spend long hours in the kitchen. Sydney, Australia. He is the author of three best-selling cookbooks, Home-made for the Holidays, ISBN 978 981 4561 42 6 From Our Table To Yours and The Filipino Family Cookbook. Marshall Cavendish He resides in Manila, Philippines. COOKERY Cuisine ISBN 978-981-4721-50-9 ,!7IJ8B4-hcbfaj! ANGELO COMSTI Fuss-Free Filipino Cover.indd 1 8/10/15 8:54 AM For Review
    [Show full text]
  • Crispy Bee Hoon with Seafood in Laksa Bisque Recipe by Trish, Winner of New Singapore National Dish Challenge, Masterchef Singapore
    Crispy Bee Hoon with Seafood in Laksa Bisque Recipe by Trish, Winner of New Singapore National Dish Challenge, MasterChef Singapore SERVES 2 PREP TIME 30MINS COOK TIME 45MINS INGREDIENTS METHOD Rempah: Rempah: 100g dried chilli 1. Soak dried chilli in hot water and deseed. 2 candlenuts 2. Blend dried chilli with chopped candlenuts, chillis, belacan, 4 big red chillis 1 tbsp belacan garlic, turmeric, galangal, ginger and oil till smooth. 2 bulb garlic 2cm turmeric Laksa Bisque: 2cm galangal 1. De-shell prawns and fry shells. 2cm ginger 100ml vegetable oil 2. Add 1 cup of water and cook prawn stock for 30mins. 3. Fry rempah in a pan for 40mins till fragrant. Laksa Bisque: 4. Add prawn stock, salt and coconut cream to the rempah. Prawn shells of 4 locally farmed prawns 5. Cook for 15 minutes before pouring into a serving jug. (save prawn meat for later) 1 cup of water Coconut cream to taste Seafood: Salt to taste 1. Season all with salt and pepper before frying. 2. Fry fish for 5 minutes on each side. Seafood: Prawn meat of 4 locally farmed prawns 3. Fry prawns until pink. 1 locally farmed barramundi fillet 4. Fry the dried shrimp for 3-5mins. (approx. 400g) 1 tbsp dried shrimp Bee Hoon, Egg Floss & Fish Skin: Salt to taste Pepper to taste 1. Deep fry bee hoon and fish skin till crispy. 2. Beat eggs. Pour into a sieve and drizzle into hot oil, take it Bee Hoon, Egg Floss & Fish Skin: out when crispy. 1 packet of bee hoon 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Grilled Fried Rice Specialty Salad APPETIZER
    APPETIZER salad grilled specialty 1. Fried Peanut 6 How Spicy? 34. Chicken Satay 9 42. Kaow soi [Pork, Beef, Chicken] 10 Strewed all over with a bit of salt Traditional Northern Thai noodle, yellow-curry, fried egg Charbroiled marinated meat on skewer, noodle; sweet, and spicy 17. Larb ( Pork, Beef, Chicken or Fish ) 9 served with peanut sauce, cucumber salad 2. Fried Tofu 7 Mixed with red onion, rice powder, mint leaves 43. Kanom jeen 12 and spicy homemade suace 35. Grilled pork 10 Traditional Thai rice noodle and mixed-vegetables on the 3. cream cheese Wonton 7 Served with homemade spicy sauce Deep fried, served with sweet and sour sauce 18. Nam Tok ( Pork or Beef ) 10 side with 2 choices-of soup Grilled pork or beef served with 36. Crying tiger 12 [Nam ngeo, Nam ya kati, Nam ya par, Green curry] 4. Egg Roll 7 spicy homemade sauce Grilled beef served with spicy sauce Rice paper wrapped mixed vegetables and tofu, 44. Prawn and glass noodle 14 deep fried and served with sweet and sour sauce 19. Glass Noodle Salad 10 37. Grilled squid 14 Bacon, prawn, glass noodles, scallion, galangal, Glass noddle with shrimp, minced pork, onions, Served with spicy homemade sauce baked with homemade paste 5. Vegetable Tempura 8 and spicy homemade sauce Served with soy bean sauce 38. Grilled chicken 11 45. Pad thai goong sod 15 20. Moo Ma Now 10 Thai Style, Served with spicy homemade sauce Traditional Thai noodles, egg, peanut, bean sprouts, 6. Shrimp Dumpling 8 boiled sliced pork with carrot, Chinese broccoli, and scallion with shrimp Served with homemade black sauce with spicy homemade sauce 46.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Drying Methods on Quality Attributes of Shrimps
    cess Pro ing d o & o T F e c f h Ajifolokun et al., J Food Process Technol 2019, 10:1 o n l o a l n o r Journal of Food DOI: 10.4172/2157-7110.1000772 g u y o J Processing & Technology ISSN: 2157-7110 Research Article Open Access Effects of Drying Methods on Quality Attributes of Shrimps Ajifolokun OM1*, Basson AK1, Osunsanmi FO2 and Zharare GE2 1Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, South Africa 2Department of Agricultural Science, University of Zululand, South Africa Abstract Shrimps are fresh and saltwater animal on aquatic habitat. They are known today as one of the fastest growing food commodities in international trade, maybe as a result of their perceived health benefits, culinary attributes and importantly, being a source of protein. The effects of two major drying methods; sun-drying and oven-drying at 50°C, 60°C or 70°C were investigated on the nutritional, microbiological and sensory properties of shrimp powder. From the result of the study, it was observed that the sun-dried shrimp powder had higher moisture content than the oven-dried shrimp powder. There were slight variations in the proximate compositions of the shrimp powder. The total yeast count was higher in the sun-dried shrimp powder (38 × 10 -5 cfu/g) and the lowest yeast count was observed in oven-dried shrimp powder at 70°C (19 × 10-5 cfu/g). Also, the oven-dried shrimp powder at 70°C had the lowest total viable count (TVC) of 12 × 10 -5 cfu/g while higher TVC was observed in the sun-dried shrimp powder (36 × 10-5 cfu/g).
    [Show full text]
  • Consumers' Preference and Perception of Smoke-Dried White
    Vol. 10(3), pp. 22-33, March 2018 DOI: 10.5897/IJFA2017.0661 Article Number: 8D7E58056304 International Journal of Fisheries and ISSN 2006-9839 Copyright ©2018 Aquaculture Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/IJFA Full Length Research Paper Consumers’ preference and perception of smoke-dried white shrimp (Nematopalaemon hastatus) in coastal areas of Ondo State, Nigeria Bayode Paul Omobepade1*, Olabode Thomas Adebayo2 and Taiwo Timothy Amos3 1Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, P. M. B. 373, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria. 2Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, P. M. B. 704 Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria. 3Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, P. M. B. 704 Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. Received 18 December, 2017; Accepted 5 February, 2018 The study assessed consumers’ preference and perception of smoke-dried white shrimps in Igbokoda, a coastal area of Ondo State, Nigeria. The community was purposively chosen because the town is a major cluster for natives from coastal communities in Ilaje and Ese-Odo LGAs of Ondo State, Nigeria. Forty shrimp consumers (20 males and 20 females) were randomly selected for this study. They assessed the sensory properties of smoke-dried shrimps collected from processing units in Ayetoro and Bijimi. The two communities were purposively chosen for the predominance of white shrimp processing using smoking method. Five smoke-dried samples (A1-A5 and B1-B5) were collected from Ayetoro and Bijimi respectively. Panelists assessed the sensory attributes of white shrimps using a 9- point hedonic scale. Results indicated that there were significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in the organoleptic properties of the white shrimps.
    [Show full text]