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Donors promised required support to carry out developmental works in but insisted that elections in a free and fair atmosphere alone would transform the country into a peaceful democratic country. Bhashwor Ojha Half the population to boycott polls More uncertain ä nf correspondent The extensive dialogues between the government and the UMDF following the one If the country goes to the polls in April - a hosted by Indian ambassador, SS Mukherjee on reiteration that the government has made time February 20, broke down three days later after and again - at least half the population will be PM GP said, “I cannot accept the demand boycotting it. That this elections will be owned only for one Madhesh, one Pradesh (province).” by the ‘other half’ became clear after the United “We are out of the electoral process,” was the Madhesh Democratic front (UMDF), an umbrella instant reaction from Yadav who along with his platform of three Terai groups, declared, “we are colleague JP Yadav, set out to Terai to accelerate out of the election process,” after their talks with the ongoing movement for more autonomy. the government broke down. Koirala had consulted Maoist Chief Prachanda Unfazed by the boycott, Koirala and the seven- and CPN-UML General Secretary Madhav Nepal party alliance that he leads, announced that before he said ‘no’ to UMDF’s six-point demands. elections to the constituent assembly will be held The boycott by Terai groups will directly affect at any cost, and, “necessary force will be used to the election in 125 out of 240 constituencies in the deal with those trying to obstruct it.” But the country. Together, these constituencies scattered ‘boycott’ has already brought in the debate, how across 22 districts along Nepal’s border with India acceptable will the poll outcome be. A prominent have more than 48 per cent of the total popula- civil society leader even suggested that ‘it is time tion. But PM Koirala is believed to have told his that Nepal army came forward as a defender of colleagues that a controversial lobbyist for democracy’ and stopped the current ‘misrule.’ government of India cum academic who was In line with their declaration, the UMDF and recently in Nepal has asked to him concede the its constituents skipped submitting the list of their demand for, “one Madhesh one Pradesh since candidates under the ‘proportional representa- the government of India wants that.” ä tion system’ on February 24, the extended deadline for the purpose. “We are not going to field any candidates for the first past the post system as well,” said Upendra Yadav, leader of the Madheshi Janadhikar Forum (MJF). Along with the UMDF, Rashtriya Janashakti Party (RJP), headed by former Prime Minister Surya Bahadur Thapa, would be boycotting the polls. The RJP was firm that “there is no point in participating in the election if the issues raised by the UMDF and ethnic groups are not addressed properly.” The election commission was cautiously watching the development and appeared to be in no position to ‘guarantee’ that it will hold the polls on schedule. As this paper goes to the press, the election commission is still waiting to see how smooth the filing of nomination of candidates in 240 constituencies under the first past the post system proceeds. “We are keeping our fingers Ph:- Shop 5011685, Factory: 5555459 crossed,” a commissioner told Newsfront. 2 25 Feb- 2 March, 2008 News Ticket row Embassy meeting Diplomatic indecency - says civil society PM - anti youth? Leaders from political parties and the The issue became a topic of discussion civil society, both long time admirers of in the cabinet on February 21 when Prime Minister GP Koirala’s Feb 23 and 24, demanding that equivalent to 51 per cent of the India, for its role in restoration of peace Maoists, Janamorcha and UML ministers agonies seem to have just the entire list be reviewed to give total electorate constitutes the and democracy, have come out openly all raised the issue in chorus and lodged begun. He stands accused of dignified representation to the electoral list. By denying them against the Southern neighbour after its their objection. “We will not be bound to being anti-youth by his own youths under the first past the adequate representation, Nepali embassy in hosted a meeting the deals clinched in the embassy,” said colleagues and camp followers. post system as well as the PR Congress has projected an ‘anti- of leaders belonging to the United Information Minister and Maoist leader, According to the official system. youth face. The protesting Madhesh Democratic Front (UMDF) and Krishna Bahadur Mahara. But Prime assessment of the Nepali The youths led and chanted youths also accused the the recently, ostensibly Minister GP Koirala tried to outsmart them Congress which the slogans of the mass Congress leadership, mainly the to find a solution to the Terai problem. all by feigning ignorance about such a Koirala heads, at least two third movement of 2006. “Denying PM and the Congress president The meeting that was held at the meeting having taken place. of the candidates have been them space while deciding on - GP Koirala, of having flouted initiative and hospitality of Ambassador Jaya Prakash Gupta, UMDF leader, decided by him, while Deuba who the tickets was unfortunate,” the party constitution since the Shiv Shanker Mukherjee on February 20 said it was clearly at the behest of the PM, headed the Nepali Congress (D) Gagan Thapa, former General parliamentary board that broke down since neither the UMDF “that we went there.” “We would not until the two parties united last Secretary of the Nepal Students finalises the candidates has not leaders agreed to call off the agitation as have gone there otherwise,” he said. year, was allowed to finalise Union, the student wing of been duly formed. suggested by him, nor the Congress “This was done with two purposes and around 25 per cent of Nepali Congress told newsfront. “It is only the central leaders could spell out what they could designs of the PM,” one of the five UMDF the names. Except for case of According to the party sources, committee (CC) of the Congress offer to the UMDF. But the issue has now participants told newsfront. “Firstly, Dr. Minendra Rijal, Deuba was Tika Choudhary, former Student party that can form such a taken a new turn with the civil society Koirala wanted to show the country that able to incorporate most of his Union President of the PK board, and the CC’s last official leaders stating that the meeting was UMDF was under effective control of the followers. Campus is the only one who has and formal meeting that was clearly directed against the acceptable Indian embassy, and secondly, it was Rijal’s candidature from been given ticket to contest the held on Ashoj 20 did not form diplomatic norms. done to bolster the nationalist image of his Morang was vetoed by Koirala election to the constituent such a body,” a central commit- “It was uncharitable and an outright daughter Sujata Koirala.” ”He wants to who was determined to have assembly, although at least 30 tee member said. Other meddling into Nepal’s affairs,” said project her as someone who refuses to , his nephew such names had been for- members of the party’s central Devendra Raj Pandey, a prominent civil be dictated by Indian Embassy, and that is from the place. Koirala however, warded by the party’s respective committee also alleged that society leader who has been lying low for why he sent along with her other was able to pacify Rijal that he committees. Guru Ghimire, money was being distributed some time. But the harshest criticism members or relatives of the would be accommodated under Vishwa Mohan Sharma, Umesh from the PM’s official residence bordering on sheer frustration came from too,” he added. the Proportional Representation Rayamajhi, Nirmal Pokhrel to the candidates whose names Vishwanath Upadhyay who told some Amod Upadhyay, and (PR) system. But this was only a besides Thapa were the names have been finalised. “Each prominent leaders of the ruling party as Mahesh Acharya had participated in the minor issue compared to the recommended by the respective candidate was given Rs. One well as the civil society that such Mukherjee brokered attempt in the swollen fury of the party youths parties. lakh each as the first installment behaviour was unacceptable. “If this is embassy. “No matter who went there, it who demonstrated outside the Available data suggests that at of the undisclosed amount from acceptable, then you must be ready to was a disgrace to our sovereignty and PM’s Baluwatar residence on least 9. 2 million voters - there,” the member said. hand over Nepal to India,” said the former nationalism,” the prominent student chief justice of the Supreme Court. leader, Gagan Thapa, said. News 25 Feb- 2 March, 2008 3 Attacked Indomitable EC seems less confident ä nf correspondent has changed a lot now.” Yet for many, Bhattarai’s beliefs are not out of The election commission, a State to provide adequate security Ignoring threats of political isolation place. centre of hope to those who want to the commission. The helicopter, and ridicule, KP Bhattarai, the Former Chief Justice and the key a fair election in the country, is that had gone there with some octogenarian leader of the Nepali architect of the 1990 constitution was more vulnerable to attack by the electoral officers and the equip- Congress, does what he believes in. seething with anger over the news of anti-election forces, but the ment for necessary training, was “This country as well as democracy Nepali leaders meeting inside the government seems poorly attacked. But it managed to fly back will need a politics based on national Indian embassy to find a solution to equipped to provide it with the in hurry without suffering any reconciliation and any politics that Terai problems. “Why can’t you hand necessary security. The poor damage. “Nevertheless, we have does not recognise this fact will only over the country to India so that you security of Election Commission, taken into account the development be a temporary phenomenon,” he do not have to feel ashamed about and the recent attack on its that took place and we are going to told newsfront. incidents as these,” Upadhyay asked helicopter in Rautahat seems take it up with the government,” a A look at his guest list when he the people around. to have dampened the spirit of senior official in the commission turned 84 on February 20 simply There were many diplomats the commission. Will it now be able said. proved he would do only what present, including UNMIN’s Ian to match the expectation of the “Most parts of the country, mainly believed in. King Gyanendra, Martin; but the Indian ambassador, people? Terai, are in flames and we have to accompanied by wife Komal, son Shiv Shanker Mukherjee was not Multiple failure and delay in transport election materials and Paras and daughter in law, Himani present when Upadhyay made the completing key election related officials by planes….. and the attack were his guests in Hotel Himalaya at loud comment. The only group that works has caused further erosion in on the helicopter in Rautahat sends Kopundol. Other faces in the same chose to turn down Bhattarai’s the spirit and confidence of the an ominous sign,” the official said. party included most of the former Deuba cancelled their visit to Hotel invitation was the Communist Party of commission. Printing of ballot The commission is also worried prime ministers - Kirti Nidhi Bista, Himalaya once the news of the royal Nepal-Maoists. papers has not yet begun and is about the huge expenditure it has Marichman Singh, Lokendra Bahadur family’s presence reached them. But Bhattarai, seated in a wheel chair, likely to get delayed as there are met in transporting officials and Chand, besides all the former both the leaders had visited however, seemed to be in a high- doubts if the process of filing materials already; since all that it speakers as well as Subhash Bhattarai’s Bhainsepati residence a spirit. “This is a great country with nominations and withdrawal, as spent the last time went a waste, Nembwang - the one chairing the day earlier when an elaborate Pooja tremendous strength and opportuni- well as scrutiny will be on time. The after the government pulled off the controversial interim parliament, in had been performed to mark the ties to tide over the crisis.” And to commission reviewed the elections slated for November 22. addition to UML General Secretary occasion. achieve all that, his recommendation situation after the cabinet asked it “We spent Rs two lakhs in Madhav Kumar Nepal and Minister “PL, I am fine if the country was but obvious – “We must follow to extend the date for receiving the transporting materials and officials Sahana Pradhan. survives and democracy flourishes,” the policy of national reconciliation ‘closed list’ of candidates under the for the 240 constituencies under “I think this country needs King Gyanendra whispered in the propounded by BP and proportional representation the first past the post system, and constitutional monarchy for another ears of PL Singh, a former Mayor of Ganeshmanji…..Constitutional system, from Feb 20 to Feb 24. even this time, we have incurred 300 years,” Bhattarai told media Kathmandu and someone Bhattarai monarchy and the democratic forces The attack on its helicopter in huge expenditure without being persons who asked for his comment seems to have a great liking for. led by Nepali Congress should work Rautahat district on February 22 certain if the election will take and the reason he invited the King. Madhav Nepal said, “Maybe together to save this country’s was taken by the commission as a place,” another official pleading Prime Minister GP Koirala and Nepali Bhattarai still has his ‘old belief’ that independence, nationalism and serious flaw on the part of the anonymity, told newsfront. Congress leader Sher Bahadur guides him politically, but the situation democracy.”

Newsbrief

things he had been doing for the In a recent write up in the Middle East Times, the past 18 years reported that one of the two country,’ he got a group of his its editor Claude Salhani said if that happened, schools she has been helping run – at Daleki followers to parade naked in New this will be the first time that an incumbent chief School in Samakhusi – was broken into and Road recently. The police arrested would have been shown the door. The write-up robbed of the jewellery the approximate cost them and is planning to lodge a case gives details of Chaturvedi’s personal manner- of which is 1000 Euros, on 18 Feb. The of ‘obscenity and indecent behaviour ism as well as ‘lack of knowledge on external jewellery project was in place to support the in public,’ but Bikashananda is not affairs’ that could be responsible for his likely school activities. scared. He is apparently busy exit before time. Soon after, on Feb 21, the school was devising more innovative methods to Giving some details, it says Chaturvedi vandalised. A case has been lodged with raise his points. But will he be able to displayed a coarse and abrasive manner Maharajganj police station. Police said they will have media to follow him now? when he met with Afghan President, Hamid look into the case. The case lodged with the Niraj Sapkota Angry students vandalise a public transport on Sunday Karzai, during the latter’s visit to India. police alleged Tashi Dolma Sherpa (the at Jamal, Kathmandu after they were denied concession Good-will “…Karzai even complained to Man Mohan principal of Daleki School and Chairman of in fare, as fuel runs short. Singh over the way he was spoken to by the VEDFON), and her husband Nawa Raj Regmi No matter what the standing of RAW chief. According to Afghan sources, (accountant in the administration office of the Prime Minister GP Koirala’s is in his own Chaturvedi treated Karzai like a servant rather school project) for vandalising the school. The country with his failing image, he has a reason Nude protest than a Head of State and spoke to him while school administration has also asked the to feel ‘resourceful’ in the friendly countries. A court in Bihar recently awarded life chewing and spitting out tobacco,” Claude’s police not let the accused leave the country. And he makes it heard loudly and clearly in sentence to India’s don parliamentarian, write-up - ‘India’s Intel Chief lacking intelli- The allegations are made on the basis of the early hours at his residence where the Pappu Yadav, for killing Ajit Sarkar, a CPI-M gence,’ said. evidence provided by four witnesses. members of his ‘coterie’ have access to his member of the Bihar assembly more than The write up also attributes Nepali sources Ms Subirana said she has also apprised the bed room. decade ago. Sarkar, a popular multi-term having claimed that Chaturvedi forced the social welfare board about the incident The message that these coterie members legislator from Bihar’s Purnea disrict had a interim government of to seeking the board’s intervention in the matter. come out with is interesting, that it was at the funny habit award a contract to an Indian firm for a behest of Koirala that his Indian counterpart, and still funnier explanation when the issue hydropower project. “Questions have been Man Mohan Singh chose to extend the tenure YCL’s safety he raised in the issue would go un-noticed. raised in India as to why the Head of an Indian of SS Mukherjee until April in Nepal. Koirala, Despite Maoist party’s commitment to face He used to just rush up to the well of the intelligence agency was promoting a commer- they assert, told Singh that it would be a proof the electorate, it does not seem fully con- House, climb on the reporter’s table there and cial company in Nepal,” the article said. It has of India’s commitment to the polls if Mukherjee vinced that the election will take place. It has strip off all his clothes, saying, “If this house also been alleged that Chaturvedi may have is allowed to stay here few more months. asked its Young Communist League (YCL) does not take note of the plight of the ordinary financially benefited personally from the deal. Singh, whose posting to London as India’s cadres not to live in big groups but rather split people whom I represent, the only way I can Politicians in Nepal are also extremely upset high Commissioner has already been notified, into smaller units. attract the attention of the government is by with Chaturvedi, who made a number of visits will have less time to spend there. While The verbal directive to the YCL from its standing naked in the House.” And that quite to the country last December which were all witnessing Nepal’s transition into a republic leaders follows ’s moving often brought the desired results. caustically detailed by the Nepali press. To from a monarchy here, he will have to present away to a new residence from Naya Bazar No one knows if this is what exactly what a humiliate Chaturvedi, the media even his credentials to Her Majesty there. where he was living with Prachanda. After all, Badi woman tried a few months ago while published the names of all the RAW officers YCL activists are the most ‘precious’ muscles leading a protest demonstration outside stationed at the Kathmandu embassy. that Maoist leaders will need during the Singha Durbar as their repeated attempt to Exit RAW election, if at all they take place. attract government seriousness to their School The party has already decided to post at demands went unheard. But the trend seems Chief? least 200 YCL activists in each of the 16,000 to be catching up. There are intense speculations that India’s vandalised plus booths across the country. The recent The latest to follow the Ajit Sarkar pattern in external Intelligence Agency - Research and Vicki Subirana, the Founder Director of instruction of the party also follows recent raids Nepal was Swami Bikashananda who runs a Analysis Wing, commonly known as RAW is up VEDFON, Spain, who has been providing by the government in five houses in the capital cult called ‘Manokranti.’ Angry that the media for a major shake-up that could see replace- quality education to poor children of Nepal for which are under occupation of the YCL. was not giving enough coverage to ‘the great ment of its current chief A K Chaturvedi, soon. 4 25 Feb- 2 March, 2008 Editorial

Editor & Publisher : Yubaraj Ghimire Executive Editor : Sushma Amatya News Coordinator : Manoj Dahal Design: Sunil Khadgi, Kishor Raj Panta & Ramkrishna Rana Address : PO Box: 8830, Lazimpat, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel : 4443888, Fax : 4421147 (Edt.), 4411912 (Mkt.) Email: [email protected], [email protected] (Mkt.) Printed by: Express Color Press, Buddhanagar, Tel.: 4781810, Distribution: Kasthamandap, Tel.: 2010821 Point to Ponder He who permits himself to tell a lie once, finds it much easier to do it a second and third time, till at length it becomes habitual. - Thomas Jefferson Private affair By all indications, the GP Koirala led government is all set to hold elections to the constituent assembly in April. It is likely to happen not because a conducive atmosphere prevails for it, but because the power-thirsty politician, at 84, knows he can at least Letters prolong his days in power by a couple of months more, if election of any type and at any cost is held. PM and India and fair election. Donors are skeptical about the legitimacy or acceptability of the How dare our current ä Mohan K C outcome as they have clearly stated that law and order situation PM Girija Prasad try to sell Chabahil needs to be improved for free and fair polls. the sovereignty of Nepal The government which has lost its constitutional legitimacy by all to India? Just to remain in Is this true? account is running the country on its whims. It is a government of, power and to perpetuate Being avid readers of by and for three parties, with citizens having no stake in it. It is not his dynasty? What else your paper, we are at all answerable to any institution for whatever decision it takes. does the involvement of wondering if you could Such irresponsible decisions credited to the present government Indian current and former verify this information we abound. The latest in the series is, forcing Election Commission ambassadors in resolving came across - that during (EC) to extend its deadline to accept the ‘list’ of candidates for the our internal problems, his tenure as Prime political parties under the proportional representation system from signify? Minister, Sher Bahadur February 20 to 24. An Election Commission that simply follows Nepali people should Deuba had signed an dictates from the executive is worthless; and in absence of call for his resignation. It agreement with IOC freedom, character and courage to act independent from the seems that Madhav Nepal (Indian Oil Corporation) executive, the commission can play havoc in the name of election and Prachandha are also which said that Nepal will and democracy. no different from Koirala. buy petroleum products The EC’s claim that it has done all that to assist in the peace Otherwise how could they only from IOC and from process simply sounds hollow. It has only acted as a pliable tool in shamelessly remain quiet no other party. In the light the hand of the government which looks like while Girija’s of the present crisis, a privately run institution where just three individuals, GP henchmen sit together perhaps the government Koirala, Madhav Nepal and Prachanda seem to matter. with the Indian govern- needs to clarify the whole It all might have been done under a good faith to facilitate the ment agents and decide to issue. Madheshi group to submit the list of their candidates, as no one in effectively ruin us ä Ashok and Shreya the right senses could imagine an election to the constituent Nepalis? Has anybody Sherchan assembly without Madhesh, home of 48 per cent of the total seen examples from Budanilkantha population, participating in it. But it will simply be an insult to contemporary history (Newsfront: As per the Madhesh and entire Nepal to foist an executive decision over the when an 18 day or 20 day information we received Election Commission by herding Madhesh leaders and three movement leads to the from government sources, relatives of the Prime Minister, all belonging to the Nepali leader of the country voluntarily there is no such treaty that Congress, allegedly after they were asked to come to an simply tried to show that he is the only agreeing to disintegration of the exists.) understanding by a friendly country in its embassy premises. one capable of solving all the problems country? The EC needs to derive its strength through constitution. The of this country, and any group, be it ä Avantika Regmi manner it has acted is unconstitutional, and smacks of servility. Madheshi or Janajatis or any other, Kathmandu Madhesh needs to be incorporated actively in the election process. should come to him. Readers, your reac- Nor can Janajatis and other marginalised groups can be left out He, like newsfront said in its latest tions, criticisms, from the process. The political parties need to arrive at an Dictator Koirala issue, is a megalomaniac and in recent understanding on the basis of defining decentralised administra- GP Koirala has proved that he will go days, he is behaving like an absolute comments, sugges- tive system and for that a well thought out machinery needs to be to any extent to stick to the chair; and dictator. He is doing everything to ensure tions are most wel- formed. Koirala does not want to go into the substance of the for us to believe that elections will be that his daughter inherits the post of PM issues, and wants Madhesh and every other group to join election free and fair under him, is foolish. He from him. These are not things someone come. Please ad- process on his term. Such an election will just be a farce and that chose not to address any of the issues believing in democracy or fair election dress it to: will not be representing people’s will in anyway. that are related with defining the model would want to do. That only proves that [email protected] of decentralisation or federalism. He Koirala is not at all keen to hold a free

Spiritual Corner No separation exists no longer bother me. who take pleasure in perfect enlightenment Muso Soseki (1275-1351) was an abbot of a One grain of dust in the mountains and streams, Zen monastery, an advisor to shoguns and eye will render But rather measure how well A runaway son, will never come, into his own emperors and a garden designer. He and the the three worlds too he sharpens his spirits by My treasure is the cloud on the peak first Ashikaga shogun, Takauji, established Zen small to see. them. the moon over the valley as the dominate Buddhist sect in Japan and When the mind is still Traveling east or west, light and free, on the had Zen temples built in all 66 provinces. the floor The mountain range one road Soseki taught a large number of students, where I sit is endless the stones in the water I don’t know whether I’m on the way or at wrote an enormous amount of poetry, and space. all are strange and rare. home became the most renowned Zen master of his The beautiful landscape, as time. He was given the title of a national A virtuous man when we know In the real world, the pure world, no separa- teacher. alone belongs to those who are tion exists loves the quiet of the like it. why wait for another time and another Muso Soseki’s poetry: mountains. The upper worlds, the lower worlds meeting Green mountains have turned yellow so many A wise man in nature originally is one thing the teaching on Vulture Peak is here today times enjoys the purity of water. There is not a bit of dust who else are you looking for to preserve the The troubles and worries of the world of things One must not be suspicious of the folks there is only this still and full way? Debating development 25 Feb- 2 March, 2008 5

What else to expect The last argument is when, for almost that the economic two decades now, situation and the the right of the continuing conflict Nepali people to a mean the situation proper education is not right for has been substi- liberal democratic tuted by NGOs and ideas. But we’ll INGOs doing ‘ca- never have healthy pacity building? commerce and Had the money growth unless there poured into these is transparency and elite groups been that means democ- spent from the racy. Totalitarian onset of foreign aid states have never in this country on been transparent, education, we not over the last wouldn’t be at the couple of millennia impasse we are of recorded history now at. anyway. Bhashwor Ojha What has ‘D’ got to do with literacy? What have all these foreign correspondents been looking at?

ä The wanderer truly serious, he should address find out! When liberal democratic ideas do rights, there’s one law for political that to the satisfaction of the silent So now is the time for the embrace the community, when sycophants and another for those What is it about our politicians that majority. democracy detractors. The stock people have inalienable rights, they who are not. Our laws are out there makes it seemingly impossible for So what are all these parties arguments, beginning as always with are more willing to include others in on the streets burning tires. Observ- them to follow democratic norms? serious about from Koirala, to Lotus the premise: “Democracy doesn’t these rights. Except that we are not. ing that the interim government made For well over a decade we, the Blossom, to MKN, to UNMIN, to the work in Nepal. People don’t under- We don’t do this, we somehow can’t a number of illegal decisions, it was people, the demes of the D word, Terai separatists? Well, it certainly stand it and they’re illiterate.” do this. logical of Terai politicians to think they have watched while time after time all isn’t democracy and they’ve left us all To refute this argument is easy. Democracy isn’t a single system, could push for another illegal one. opposition has been on the streets. wide open to disintegration and civil What has literacy to do with intelli- like a chameleon it adapts to cultures The Alliance has only itself to blame We have watched the capture of war. It rather makes one suspect that gence quotient? Someone some- and individuals: it takes on forms that for the current impasse. foreign media and foreign they, our foreign friends, don’t where is probably herding buffalo, are compassionate and committed. It Democracy is clear about a couple organisations by elite who claim to democratize their sources of and unfortunately he or she is is government by the people, not by of points: rule of law and all are equal speak ‘for the people.’ The other day information, but restrict themselves to illiterate, but would perhaps do a an interim government or constituent before the law. We have never been an old ex-pat colleague, returning selected elite intellectuals who better job of governing this country assembly that has already decided able to do this. here after a couple of years, told me: pontificate from their armchairs and than the current leadership incarna- how things are going to be! That is Looking back it was a mistake not “It’s unbelievable. Outside people posh living rooms. tions. certainly not democracy. It is nascent to call a general election. This CA are given to believe that all’s alright in What else to expect when, for The second argument is always fascism. Unless the Alliance respects election will be a farce without the Nepal now that the Maoists have almost two decades now, the right of about Asian values. Democracy is not the right of the people to be free of Terai. Terai leaders should also come into the government. But it’s on the Nepali people to a proper fit for our soil. Please read Amartya control and vote according to reflect on their demand to separate. the brink of civil war it seems. What education has been substituted by Sen a little more closely and you will conscience without fear or force, any True they can cripple the valley and have all these foreign correspondents NGOs and INGOs doing ‘capacity see that he writes of many demo- hopes this nation had of democracy the hills, but there are dangers in been looking at?” building? Had the money poured into cratic forms of governance way back will be crushed. this kind of game. The hills may well Well, it might be peaceful if folks these elite groups been spent from in history that took root in Asia and The last argument is that the be forced to seek trade and supply are prepared to pay up to the YCL the onset of foreign aid in this Africa. Without liberal democratic economic situation and the continuing routes north at great expense just and give in to their threats: “Vote country on education, we wouldn’t norms, how do you expect respect for conflict mean the situation is not right to survive (our neighbor to the for our party or we’ll take care of be at the impasse we are now at. other people’s cultures and tradi- for liberal democratic ideas. But we’ll south may have to grin and bear you afterwards,” or if politicians But education doesn’t channel tions? The first thing fascist totalitar- never have healthy commerce and that), but our Himalayas are the from other parties could get to money back to the source, nor ian regimes do is impose a monocul- growth unless there is transparency source of Asian water towers. their constituencies without being information, nor does it massage the ture to which everyone has to and that means democracy. Totalitar- Should the other half of this nation hounded out by the Maoists. Mr. egos of a ‘driven’ elite who don’t adhere. What is a one-party state but ian states have never been transpar- decide to ‘undemocratically’ control Dahal will no doubt say this didn’t know what it’s like not to have a a monoculture? George Orwell’s ent, not over the last couple of or delay this source, where will it happen, but it is happening and meal every day. Now, with the Terai ‘1984’ describes such a state millennia of recorded history anyway. leave the plains? Just think about none of it is democratic. If he’s burning, they might get a chance to perfectly. We don’t have clearly defined that! ä 6 25 Feb- 2 March, 2008 Debating Development

In practice, the ‘Shree Rulers Panch’ autocracy is replaced by the ‘Shree need to Seven’ autocracy. This change is a sad reality.

ä Uday Pariyar One evening I was watching a TV began by stating that people of Nepal ity on the part of the government and talk show with one of the key party had wanted his party to do this and the ruling parties has created the formulate the new constitution and leaders. He claimed repeatedly that not that. Then suddenly, lights went ground for similar attitude and draw up new structures for the his party was the ultimate saviour of off – the beginning of a four hour activities by other individuals and country. It is not meant to act as a this country. If his party performed rolling blackout. I wondered if people groups. This is one of the fundamen- parliament and form the government. poorly in elections, the nation was of Nepal wanted this as well. tal underlying reasons behind the bound to meet with unexpected mushrooming violent and non-violent The constituent assembly is most disasters. All hopes of the people for In fact, this is the common attitude groups in Terai and other parts of the likely to be dominated by the ruling peace and development would be of the current ruling elite. They claim country. If one does not follow any parties, which means the current top dashed. New found Loktantra would that they have the ‘people’s mandate’ rules of the game, why would the party leaders are highly likely to be lost. The ‘enemies’ of the people to do whatever they like. They were others bother to follow them? control the assembly. They will control would raise their ugly heads once not elected to power but they believe the assembly, even if they are not in again. So, it was important that his they have more powers than elected Replicating the seven parties, many the assembly, as party whips. party get the majority in the April officials. Often they think of them- groups have now come up claiming to Therefore, what will be achieved from polls. Failure of his party would mean selves above the law of the land. fight on behalf of their people. They the coveted body will be determined failure of Nepal. They often do not follow the also claim that they have the by the positions and activities of the Replicating the seven agreements they signed and the laws “mandates” of their people to do as current rulers. parties, many groups Sadly, he had no convincing facts they enforced. For instance, the they wish. They have also begun to or evidence to back his claims. He nominated interim parliament i.e. take law into their own hands. As a So, it is important that they change have now come up had no policies and programmes ruling parties made many landmark result, the ruling parties are now their attitude and behaviour now. upon which people could take a decisions including the republic. greeted with strong opposition, mainly That change should be seen in their claiming to fight on decision on whether or not to vote for in Terai areas. The anti-SPA actions right from now. If they behalf of their people. his party. It was certainly not a clever They did not think it necessary to movement picked up so quickly continue with the same attitude, the way of asking people for their take public opinion on this and other following the Jana Andolan II. Do the elected body might not be able to They also claim that support. Probably, his party does not critical issues through elections or a parties in power realise that their own satisfy and engage all forces. Looking they have the “man- yet have an election manifesto. The referendum. People were deliberately actions were also contributing to the at the current practice, there is no interviewer carried a satirical smile on and consistently prevented from problems? If they do not realise their guarantee that the parties will honour dates” of their people his face, clearly indicating he hardly decision-making. It has been quite mistakes and weaknesses in good the spirit of the new statute. In that believed anything the leader was long since the people of Nepal were time, things will become worse. case, the country could face bigger to do as they wish. saying. It was great fun to watch the barred from making their own choice problems. The people’s aims for They have also begun show. on their future and the future of the Of course, it is important to hold peace, democracy and development country. Sometimes the King did elections at the earliest. The elections might not be fulfilled, once again. to take law into their I noticed one interesting character things as he liked in the name of must be free and fair. Otherwise, own hands. As a re- of his statements. He defined all his untested people’s mandates and now Nepal could be in a situation where However, our experience is that arguments and claims as “people’s the ruling parties are doing what they Kenya is now. Credible elections will creating a wonderful constitution sult, the ruling parties mandates” or “people’s directives” or like on behalf of the people. In create a common platform, hopefully, alone is not a guarantee for the people’s desires and aspirations.” I practice, the ‘Shree Paanch’ for everyone to raise and discuss better future. The best safeguard to a are now greeted with literally counted the number of times autocracy is replaced by the ‘Shree their concerns. But which party gets peaceful, prosperous and new Nepal strong opposition, he quoted “people” – more than 100 Seven’ autocracy. This is a sad reality. the majority is not and should not be is not election per se, but the attitude times in about 30 minute show. the priority for now because it is and behaviour of those in power. mainly in Terai areas. Almost all the sentences he spoke Such a serious lack of accountabil- meant to be a one-off elected body to ([email protected]) Opinion 25 Feb- 2 March, 2008 7 KP Bhattarai’s birthday wishes It does not help to simply brush off his comment saying that he holds an old mindset and his thoughts are outdated. the ruling Congress party that he groups and religions into a stable, would accept everything in the Terai democratic state. conflict except intervention by the UN or matters regarding Nepal’s After having suffered twice in the sovereignty and territorial integrity. hands of Nepal’s ambitious mon- ä Binod P. Bista archs, the latest being as recent as During his 84th birthday reception 2005, the Nepali Congress decided to at Hotel Himalaya in Kathmandu, KP drop the two pillar theory (also stated in no uncertain terms that as espoused strongly by India until the he expects to live for full 100 years king took power) and declared that and he also believes that the the institution of monarchy did not institution of monarchy should remain help the party in anyway. In fact, for another 300 years in Nepal. Have some of its younger leaders saw that these expressions come out from an the institution was an obstacle rather exasperated man? Has he lost his than a support in the development of sanity or, are these simply his birthday Nepal. wishes?

KP Bhattarai or Kishunjee (to those KP Bhattarai openly opposed the KP Bhattarai’s track record in who know him well), one of the key decision of his party and appealed its Nepali politics shines brightly. It was founder members of the Nepali leaders to reconsider the decision. At he who first negotiated and coordi- Congress, and its long time president every available opportunity he has nated an agreeable compact has faced many upheavals, including been making a case for the institution between the people of Nepal and the excitement and misery, in the 84 of monarchy that he believes is king in 1990 after peoples’ movement years that he lived in Nepal. He has necessary for the survival of Nepal. A known as Jana Andolan I. It is worth the single most distinction of a Nepali staunch nationalist, he might have got noting that the 1990 constitution of political leader who preferred to fight the biggest jolt of his life last week Nepal was possible, and also for democracy and peoples’ right when his former party, the leader of agreeable to all parties including the from within the country rather than the seven party coalition government yet to be born insurgents, which gave taking refuge in a foreign land. as well as the legislative parliament, full sovereignty to the Nepali people. not only called Nepal’s close friend of His commitment and dedication to the South, India, to help Nepal Considering the fact that the kings democratic ideals is unquestionable. resolve the Terai problem, but also of Nepal had been ruling over the His distinguished career as the prime agreed to be mediated by an Indian kingdom for almost 30 years in a minister of a democratic Nepal came national within the Indian Embassy party less format, it was no easy task to an abrupt end at the hands of his compound in the capital of Nepal. to transfer power from an absolute close confidants and party leaders. monarch to the people in a poor He left the party that he helped to Just a few days ago, the prime country. KP performed a near miracle establish and develop in the difficult minister of Nepal, belonging to Nepali by succeeding in this endeavor with years in Nepali politics after grand Congress, is reported to have hardly any bloodshed and major standing a comeback for the informed an Indian delegation led by problems at the time. reunification of the two factions of the Nepali Congress on the eve of the It does not help to simply brush off earlier planned constituent assembly his comment saying that he holds an elections. old mindset and his thoughts are KP Bhattarai openly outdated. In fact, the Nepalis would One of the major reasons for his opposed the decision of be insulting the intelligence and retirement from politics for good was his party and appealed its contribution made by one of their attributed to the decision of the Nepali own. For all the sacrifices and Congress to deviate from its core leaders to reconsider the contributions that he made for Nepal, principle, worked out by none other decision. At every avail- KP deserves to be heard at the than the late BP Koirala, perhaps the minimum. For the sake of a new only Nepali leader who had all the able opportunity he has been making a case for Nepal, and for a better understanding qualities of a statesman. That of the issues at hand, he must principle called for Nepali Congress, the institution of monar- elaborate on his stand. The least the to work in close cooperation with chy that he believes is people of Nepal could do to this Nepal’s founder institution, the necessary for the sur- grand old young bachelor would be to institution of monarchy, for steering listen to him patiently. ä Nepal, a country of diverse ethnic vival of Nepal. newsfront 8 25 Feb- 2 March, 2008 Opinion

ä Prakash Bom Rajendra Mahato & Upendra Yadav

The current democratic process is about to slip away with the extremist demands of the Madheshi movement. The demand at this climax is not the one as originally sought for an autonomous Terai state with the right to self-governance and right to self- determination under the federal system structures. It is the demand that has been convoluted wishfully beyond the norms of federalism that can violate the national integrity.

The demand for an 'autonomous Madheshi region' literally schemes to separate itself from entire nation. None of the other 41 ethnic groups including dominant ‘Khash-Pahadi’ communities must back-up from defending their existence before it makes way by dismantling Nepal's historical nationhood.

Nepali nationhood is composed of different groups of people who have shared common history of an independent sovereign nation with multi ethnicity, language and culture. That is the spirit of Nepali solidarity despite the feudal oligarchic regime that kept repressing people in the newsfront name of Hindu religion and its Hindu institution of the monarchy. either recently migrated or aboriginal. It does not mean that a secular state with the federal democratic Consensus of all people of Nepal The red shading in the map of republic establishment won't be able Nepal is an ambitiously targeted to defend its nationhood. Nepalis' must be sought Madheshi state 'autonomous Terai nationhood does not just boil down to with the regional autonomy.' The map the heritage of feudal Hindu institution is all over the internet posted by the of the monarchy, but it reaches out to Madheshi movements. The question the tools of neolithic Kathmandu, to here is about the 'red shading' that the teachings of Buddha, to targets non-Madheshi districts such Licchivian Buddhist culture and to the Nepal must as Kanchanpur and Kailali, which pagoda-style monastery of Arniko. have settlements, dominated by aboriginal Tharus and migrated The word 'Nepal' does not derive Khas-Pahadis. By long shot Khas- from 'Khash-Pahadis' but from Pahadis settlements are more in 'Newari' or 'Nepal Bhasa', one of the percent in entire Terai than Madheshi indigenous linguistic groups of Nepal. vow in these two districts. Therefore, to despise the word to defend its 'Nepal' or its nationhood with the Every thoughtful Nepali individual odium of Khash-Pahadis, who are has supported Madheshi movement represented partially by feudal from its beginning. However, at this oligarchic establishment, (by point with such an extremist demand Madheshis movements – evidences nationhood for 'an autonomous Terai state with are flying literally all over - online, the regional autonomy' under the news media and on the streets of pressures and agitations against the Nepal) – demonstrates no respect to national integrity has set the red alert Nepal's historical nationhood. of a local government without central by the Madheshi movements and Terai with regional autonomy' is in the hearts and minds of every or state supremacy. regressive elements. going to be established either prior or Nepali who has respect for their Again Madheshis demand for an after elections. Under Madheshi nationhood. independent Madheshi statehood These demands are legitimate and Madheshi movements' way is not intimidations if SPA leaderships make with regional autonomy literally meant fully comply with the norms and the way to establish the federal such a decision then political There is no question about the to dismantle national solidarity that principle of federalism. Federalism is democratic republic of Nepal. instability is unavoidable in defense of other demands of Madheshi such as has been sustained with the mutual not end to separate states from a Consensus of all people of Nepal national integrity. proportional representation of ethnic care of all people of Nepal if not in sovereign nation but is the means to must be sought if the demand of such In my opinion, Madheshi move- and indigenous groups. However, to perfection with the teachings of sustainability and method for better as of Madheshi for 'an autonomous ments have really punctured the implement these demands nation Buddha – 'Learn to live together, functionality of governmental prospect of federalism for Nepal. It needs a new system of governance. love each other and help one responsibility. Madheshi movements has tried to suck all at once with the Thus the demand of federal system of another.' Defend Nepal therefore on have wishfully convoluted the aspect self-contradictory proposals against government has become a necessity. these facts of its nationhood from of federalism by demanding 'an the norms of federalism and the Nevertheless, this does not mean to being crossed into pieces at this autonomous Terai state with the dignity of Nepali nationhood. For intimidate nation for disintegration, by critical juncture. regional autonomy. example, the demand of the full taking advantage of the situation. proportional representation electoral All ethnic demand for the constitu- What may come, SPA (Seven system if approved its electoral Without people's electoral right to tional provisions, which guarantee Party Alliance) leaderships must system will make 100% representa- self-governance to form their own the establishment of federal demo- defend Nepal and its historic There is no ques- tion of all ethnic groups of people local government units these cratic republic, full proportional nationhood even at the cost of tion about the who are the resident of an autono- demands can never be implement representation electoral system for elections that may be accomplished mous Terai state. with proportional opportunities for all CA elections based on population, phase wise if it is not viable in the other to serve the nation. Anti-Nepali and federal republican state on the most violent and anti-nationhood demands of If in a local unit of Terai state there nationhood agitations, anti people's basis of regional and historical districts of Terai. The Prime Minister's are 90% Madheshi and 10% Dalit right to vote political tactics present no background of ethnicity and linguistics stand on Madheshi demand for 'an Madheshi such under proportional representation solution. Ultimately, it becomes anti- with the right to self-determination, autonomous Terai state with the as proportional electoral system 10% Dalit are also democratic and encourages must be fulfilled as long as within all regional autonomy' that cannot be represented both in local unit or state regressive elements to take the federal states the local government decided prior to elections is the most representation of governments. Unless Madheshi have unnecessary advantage of the units are formed with the right to self- sincere, democratic and respectful ethnic and indig- planned to create a homogenous situation against elections, which is, determination of resident electorates remark to Nepal's nationhood that Terai state, there are also residen- people's right to vote for establishing of the constituencies that make a unit has become so fragile and anguish enous groups. cies in Terai of other ethnic groups essential institutions of democracy. ä From the region 25 Feb-2 March, 2008 9

Sri Lankan Hill parties rally behind GJM rebel Almost all political parties in the Hills term to expire. This is because he is have expressed solidarity with the solely responsible for all the trouble in violence people’s movement, spearheaded by the Hills,” said G S Yonzon, chief of the pro-Gorkhaland Gorkha Janmukti the BJP (hill unit). The demand was intensifies Morcha (GJM) against Subash made after the state government A Tamil Tiger rebel camp Ghisingh and his Gorkha National decided that Ghisingh would not be was targeted by the Sri Lankan Liberation Front (GNLF). At the removed before his term expired on military Saturday, resulting in moment, the Hills are reeling under March 24. AIGL attended the meeting 51 deaths, as violence in the an indefinite strike called by GJM though it had skipped such gatherings Asian country intensified. since February 20. called by GJM earlier. “It is a jan andolan and we will support it whole- On Saturday, BJP convened an all- heartedly,” AIGL president Madan party meeting at the Gorkha Dukha Tamang said. Niwarak Sammelan Hall to discuss the political situation in the region. The parties felt that Bhattacharya’s Representatives of recent press the All India Gorkha statement was aimed League (AIGL), the Gorkhaland at inciting the plains Communist Party Of Revolutionary people against the hill people. Marxists (CPRM), the Congress, the Gorkha Rashtriya Congress, the “How can a political leader give a The Defense Ministry said Trinamool Congress, the GJM and the communal colour to a people’s Saturday’s assault in the Bharatiya Gorkha Parisangh (BGP) agitation? We demand that he northeastern portion of the were present. CPM and GNLF stayed apologize or resign,” said K S country included both aerial away from the meet. Ramudamu, GJM vice-president. and ground military forces and left 42 Tamil Tigers dead, the The meet adopted a resolution “His speech is most unconstitu- Colombo Page Web site asking the state to drop the Sixth tional. If the state government really reported. The death toll Schedule proposal and remove believes in democracy, it should brought the total number of Ghisingh as caretaker administrator remove Bhattacharya and Ghisingh rebels killed since Friday to 51, of the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council immediately.” Nandigram,” warned BGP president Though the meeting did not Colombo Page said. (DGHC). It condemned municipal C K Shrestha. announce any agitation affairs minister Asok Bhattacharya’s “People here are against the Sixth programme, it has decided to send While government-led forces alleged communal remarks on the Schedule. Yet, the state government He added that his party would sit a delegation to West Bengal and targeted Tamil Tiger strong- GJM agitation. is bent on implementing it. If it is on dharna in New Delhi on February New Delhi shortly and is also likely holds, the rebel group was forced on the people, then the state 28 along with the supporters to approach the Sikkim government suspected of bombing a bus “We want the state government to government should be ready to face demanding the formation of for support. Saturday outside Colombo, dismiss Ghisingh and not wait for his resistance worse than the one in Telengana and Bundelkhand states. (Times of India) leaving 18 people injured, the Sri Lankan newspaper reported. Pakistan-Post-Election Scenario (UPI) US frustration will benefit extremists ä Muhammad Amir Rana (PPP). So far, the PPP seems more military operations. It is understand- inclined to form a coalition with the able that after many years of A clear verdict from Pakistani Pakistan Muslim League (N) with concerted efforts and having spent voters against pro-Musharraf political which Washington does not feel at billions of dollars in pursuit of this parties has stunned policymakers in ease because of its political plank of military option, Washington wants to Washington. The Bush administration Islamic nationalism. There are similar see continuity in Islamabad’s policy. has built its anti-terror strategy in the concerns about the Awami National President Musharraf is the best bet to region around a single person i.e., Party (ANP), which is likely to form ensure that. At the same time, President Pervez Musharraf. In provincial government in the troubled however, anti-Musharraf emotions return, he has extended unprec- North-West Frontier Province are very high in the country and no edented military cooperation to the (NWFP) and may enter into an political party can ignore the public’s United States. Now, after the election alliance with the PPP at the centre as sentiment. defeat, Washington sees its favourite well. A secular, leftwing Pashtun In the election year, the Bush ally losing ground without an nationalist party that advocates non- administration has already been alternative to fall back on. violence, the ANP has always facing criticism from the U.S. media The American concern is obvious: condemned the U.S. hegemony in and Democrats over its unrelenting who will pursue its policies if President the region. Now, the party will have to support to Musharraf. If the new Musharraf is either not in power or no address the terrorism issue, parliament seems less responsive to longer in a position to do so? Will the especially in the tribal areas bordering the demands from Washington, it Asif Ali Zardari(L), widower of slain former Pakistani premier and presidential new government be able to advance Afghanistan, and it is likely to stress would create more trouble for the candidate Benazir Bhutto shakes hands with former premier Nawaz Sharif after U.S. policies, especially in the war on on a political solution which would put Republicans in the November their meeting at his residence in Islamabad. terror? Will there be a paradigm shift a lot of American interests at elections. By giving a verdict against in the Pak-US relations, or a deal with stake.Until now, the U.S. policy for extremism, the Pakistani voters have ground for extremists. terrorism is essential, it cannot be the new government can be made to Pakistani tribal areas is focused on sent a clear message to the interna- Apart from a rise in acts of resolved only through military maintain the status-quo? How will the containing al-Qaeda in this region and tional community that the fears of terrorism, the Taliban and their chief means.It is in the best interest of electoral mandate of the people minimizing its global operations fundamentalists taking over Pakistan mentors in Pakistan may once again Pakistan and the United States that translate into government policies: capabilities. are exaggerated. It should also be able to stir up anti-US sentiments the democratic process should more cooperation with Washington or If al-Qaeda and the Taliban are reduce the anxiety in the West about for political gains. In such circum- remain on track. Pakistan’s new a change in the terms of driven out or if there is somehow Pakistani nukes as the new govern- stances, the ability of the new government will have to take up the alliance?Much was invested in peace in the tribal areas, they could ment will in likelihood be made up of government to settle and govern will fight against terrorism as its own Banazir Bhutto by the Bush adminis- shift their centres into Afghanistan, moderate and secular political forces. be severely undermined.Pakistan will war. Terrorism is as much a threat to tration as a post-Musharraf political where NATO troops are already What is worrisome is that the US still be an ally of the United States in Pakistan as to the world. ally. But, after her tragic assassination struggling, and can scatter into other anxiety over Musharraf may lead to its struggle against al-Qaeda and the The country needs economic and last year, it seems to have no option parts of the world posing a bigger instability in Pakistan. If an unnatural Taliban. But the goals this policy can military assistance as well as political but to continue backing Musharraf. security threat for the United States. alliance between Musharraf and be better achieved if democracy is backing from the international Diplomats at the U.S. embassy in So, the main objective of democratic political parties is allowed to flourish. The problem of community to counter extremism. But Islamabad are closely monitoring Washington’s counterterrorism imposed, or if the United States tries terrorism needs to be addressed international collaboration and post-election development and strategy in Pakistan has been to to build pressure on the new more broadly and strategically than cooperation should be based on the encouraging a deal between restrict and eliminate al-Qaeda’s Pakistani government on this issue, it the military-only tactics employed by basic principle of mutuality of Musharraf and opposition parties, epicentre by building cooperation with would not only create political the United States and Pakistan. interests. mainly the Pakistan People’s Party Pakistan for intelligence sharing and instability but would also prepare While the use of force to counter Pak Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS) 10 24 Feb- 2 March, 2008 Perspective

MARSHLAND FLOWERS However there are still two more stations or degrees of emancipation called Sakridaagaami and Anaagaami before Arhathood is attained. Degrees of The Four Noble Truths which is the very foundation of Buddhism and its emancipation practice and in itself is the whole teaching to the five who had abandoned him in to final emancipation (Mukti/ of the Buddha in a the middle of his endeavours because Mokchhya) and Apatti is falling into or nutshell. he started eating. When a person entering. So it literally means entering moving on the Sraavakayana path into the stream that leads to or flows has his first glimpse of enlightenment, towards Arhathood which is the final he experiences in his own mental emancipation (Mukti/Mokchhya). ä Acharya Mahayogi Sridhar streams the sixteen aspects of the Rana Rinpoche Four Noble Truths. However there are still two more stations or degrees of emancipation Vipassyana is to see or gain insight This is the first glimpse of enlight- called Sakridaagaami and Anaagaami into the fact that all Sanskrita Dharma enments according to the before Arhathood is attained. (conditioned phenomena) are Sraavakayana system like Sakridaagaami means once returner. constantly changing and are Theravada. If one properly practices The person will return once more to therefore impermanent (Anitya/ the Vipassyana of the Theravada the human realm before he attains Anicca in Pali); and because they are system, this is what he will experi- the Anaagaami or the higher Arhat Anitya they are Dukha (sorrowful or Smrityupasthaan Sutra as Alambana when the time comes. But ence. He will not experience the Atma stage. The Anaagaami is the non – sorrow producing or better still (objects of meditation to gain insight Purvanivasanusmriti also helps in the – gyana of the Hindus or Jains nor returner. He will not come back to the unsatisfactory) and because they are (Vipassyana) into the way phenomena realisation of the Four Noble Truth god – realisation of some Hindus or human realm anymore but until he impermanent and unsatisfactory (dharmas) exist). It is only such an (Chatwari Arya Satyani), which is the Christians. An understanding of this is becomes an Arhat he may be reborn (Anitya – Dukha) they are neither me insight that can liberate and no other very foundation of Buddhism and its very crucial to the correct under- in the Deva or Brahma realms and go nor mine (Anaatma – Anaatmiya). methods of meditation can liberate. practice and in itself is the whole standing of Buddhism. on to attain Arhathood. But if he teaching of the Buddha in a nutshell. attains Arhathood here he has no Kaya (the body), Vedana (the We shall go into greater details This glimpse is technically called more birth. This becomes his last feeling sensation), Chitta (the mental about Vipassyana and the difference The Four Noble Truths was the Srotapatti and the person is thence birth. (To be continued) continuum) and the Chaitta – dharma between Shamatha type meditation first teaching the Shasta (master/ forth a Srotappanna. Srota means (Sridhar Rinpoche is a Vajrayana which are the four used in the and Vipassyana type meditation, later teacher) gave and it was in Sarnath the stream, i.e. the stream that leads Master) Society 25 Feb- 2 March, 2008 11

FIREFRONT

Positive sides of “Are Women The return state sponsored of the darkness… Human?” humility of wooden shacks. Also I seek bliss sometimes in the empty They may not leap off the much, others are likely to prove streets free of traffic pollution and shelves into the best-seller more divisive. Try “If You Want traffic congestion. category, but the books Closure in Your Relationship, An ardent optimist, I see bliss in all shortlisted for the oddest book Start With Your Legs” or “Are these times of turbulence. In these title prize certainly grab the Women Human? And other hearth difficult times you can go home and attention. International Dialogues.” find your children waiting for you. I “I was Tortured by the Pygmy “I confess: I have been anxious find them at ease to discuss their life Love Queen” recounts the tale of that as publishing becomes ever ä Yuyutsu RD Sharma any invasion of the concrete, without and dreams with me. There’s nothing a fictional U.S. World War Two more corporate, the trade’s much aid, assistance or intervention. to distract them from you. In the fighter pilot who is captured by quirky charms are being The return of the As you walk down the lanes of darkness, we meet, close to one jungle pygmies led by a sadistic squeezed out,” said Horace hearth - smoke history, it looks like a magical trick that another. The television is silent like a woman. Bent, The Bookseller diarist and plumes, firewood, the government could use to lure silent monster, waiting to wake up, Its sequel, which is not on the custodian of the prize. charcoal, soot, and more tourists. Not only is the valley an conserving energy. I try to dig deeper shortlist released by trade “But happily my fears have the livid flames singing ideal location for the Hollywood into my children’s worlds. I wouldn’t publication The Bookseller been proved unfounded: oddity in kitchens; this is producers, you must visit Katmandu have known them as well as I do now Friday, needs no explanation: lives on. Drawing up the six- what happens in Kathmandu, the now to get a glimpse of what the past in this state-sponsor darkness, I “Go Ahead, Woman, Do Your strong shortlist was a fraught and moment someone - a political party or was like. I still sometimes find solace believe. Worst.” wildly controversial process.” some natural disaster snoozes the in the memories of Kathmandu I saw They passionately discuss poetry “How to Write a How to Write Bent paid tribute to those neck of the road that only a few two decades ago when in small with me for the first time. They want Book” and “Cheese Problems books that failed to make the list, decades ago linked the valley to the wooden shops people huddled to know where my poetry quest Solved” are likewise self- including titles such as “Drawing world outside. The valley turns into a together. would lead me. In the dim candle or explanatory as is the equally and Painting the Undead” and ghost town, reminding me of the past There were wooden houses in emergency lights, they talk to me eclectic niche tome “People who “Glory Remembered: Wooden more vigorously. Baneshwor and some parts of the more intimately sharing the secrets of Mattered in Southend and Headgear of Alaska Sea Walking in the legendry squares of valley smelled of the countryside. their lives. In the two decades of my Beyond: From King Canute to Dr. Hunters,” wishing them better Kathmandu under the dark silhou- That smell of burnt wood and farm conjugal life, I have never been as Feelgood” that strives to put the luck next year. ettes of the pagoda mansions and life has lived on in my memories. Also happy as on the nights of total English east coast resort on the Literary enthusiasts wishing to temples, sauntering in dusk in the the cups of tea the pretty Sahunis darkness fuelled by state-bestowed map. cast a vote can visit the Web site. spacious squares lit by lamps, one made and family feel these shops load-shedding distributed so While none of the above may The winner will be announced on gets the feel of the a nation that had, unlike the dance bars and smart dramatically. challenge the sensibilities too March 28. Nepal has been for centuries without shops that have taken over the ([email protected]) CDO Regd No 93/063/64 Kathmandu, Central Region Postal Regd. No 46/063/64 12 25 Feb-2 March, 2008 Profile Helping buds to blossom Unearthing, understanding and healing the stress and trauma of children through therapy.

Better education requires better infrastruc- encouraged more parents to bring their children education and have similar approaches on and was brought to the centre. The girl despite ture, good facilities, good and motivating for counseling with the realisation that; it is children’s growth besides having a common a tragedy in her family now displays tremendous teachers. But even in the best of conditions, urgent to get children to ventilate or share their network. “But we want to extend such interac- social responsibility towards other children like some children do not do so well in their problems, and that concealing their tion and enlarge the involvement,” Sajani said. her. Children from her kind of background also education since they live with problems problems would have far more disastrous get informal schooling. concealed deeply within which impacts on their consequences, both for the children as well as The causes behind stress and trauma of growth and education negatively. Only by for the family. children differ and challenges lie in helping them The centre has also begun taking in some exploring children’s psyche and healing it at an identify the causes and to overcome the stress. children who are HIV positive if they are under early stage can they be helped to develop into “They reveal and share more once trust is “We need to respect the privacy of the children ten years of age. All these services are free of well adjusted, happy adults. established between the victim and the as well as their families but some of the cases cost but the dearth of counselors is the major counselor,” Anita told newsfront. In the children’s have really motivated us a lot,” Sajani added. handicap in coping with the growing number of We need home that the FNC runs at Ekantakuna, She narrated a case of a girl who spent her such children in distress. to respect normally children above three and below six days begging around the Pashupatinath area ä nf correspondent the privacy years in age are admitted. The ‘sand-play of the therapy’ has been found to be the most effective children as to understand their problems. The small children well as who cannot articulate their feelings well, tell a lot their through pictures and miniature they draw on the families. sand. Sajani Amatya In the past two years of its existence, the FNC has attracted nearly 850 cases. Each case Friends of Needy Children (FNC), and its requires first four to five sessions for initial new endeavour, Ankur, has made an effort to understanding, and the number of sessions optimise the potential of children by providing might be more depending on the case. much needed counseling to groups as well as Through orientation, children are also helped to on a case to case basis. The project was named adjust. “According to the interest of each child, Ankur, meaning a bud, signifying its intention to and on the basis of our evaluation and assess- create the right conditions for a bud to blossom ment, dance, art and plays are recommended to into a flower. various children,” said Shrestha, adding, “observing children, understanding their “Friends of needy children was a mission that behavior and identifying problems are the key to we in the Nepalis Youth Opportunity Forum remedy such problems.” (NYOF) conceived of together, solely to work for children, most of them with their missed Having teachers and parents understand childhood and it did wonders within a very short children’s needs and problems is equally span of time,” said Sajani Amatya, President of the NFC.. observing children, The forum referred most of its problem cases understanding to NFC to provide psycho-social counseling that their behavior motivated them to get deeper into the subject. A and identifying detailed study of the cases referred to the NFC problems are showed that there were children who had the key to topped in their classes, but they were under remedy such tremendous stress, an aspect altogether problems. Anita Shrestha ignored by teachers and guardians. important so that the children get these facilities; The FNC’s Ankur programme at the moment since counselors and counseling facilities are too works with three counselors, Anita Shrestha, inadequate in number. FNC has involved the Chhori Maharjan and Anubha, with Anita as its principal and vice principal of Ullens Schools in coordinator. It has in a short span of time Satdobato, as both share the same value in