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Baseline Report of the Sudan Savanna Zone of the Kano–Katsina–Maradi (KKM) Project Learning Site (PLS) of the Sub-Saharan Africa–Challenge Program (SSA–CP)

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Baseline Report of the Sudan Savanna Zone of the Kano–Katsina–Maradi (KKM) Project Learning Site (PLS) of the Sub-Saharan Africa–Challenge Program (SSA–CP) Baseline Report of the Sudan Savanna Zone of the Kano–Katsina–Maradi (KKM) Project Learning Site (PLS) of the sub-Saharan Africa–Challenge Program (SSA–CP) Ayanwale Adeolu, Abdoulaye Tahirou, Aduni Sanni, Damisa Maiyaki, Alpha Y. Kamara, Adewale Adekunle, Oluwole Fatunbi, Ayedun Bamikole, and Akinola Adebayo www.iita.org Baseline Report of the Sudan Savanna Zone of the Kano–Katsina–Maradi (KKM) Project Learning Site (PLS) of the sub-Saharan Africa–Challenge Program (SSA–CP) Ayanwale Adeolu, Abdoulaye Tahirou, Aduni Sanni, Damisa Maiyaki, Alpha Y. Kamara, Adewale Adekunle, Oluwole Fatunbi, Ayedun Bamikole, and Akinola Adebayo i © International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 2011 IITA Ibadan, Nigeria Telephone: (234-2) 7517472 Fax: +44 208 7113786 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.iita.org To Headquarters from outside Nigeria: IITA, Carolyn House 26 Dingwall Road, Croydon, CR9 3EE, UK Within Nigeria: PMB 5320, Oyo Road Ibadan, Oyo State ISBN 978-978-50368-0-0 Correct citation: Ayanwale Adeolu, Abdoulaye Tahirou, Aduni Sanni, Damisa Maiyaki, Alpha Y. Kamara, Adewale Adekunle, Oluwole Fatunbi, Ayedun Bamikole, and Akinola Adebayo. 2011. Baseline Report of the Sudan Savanna Zone of the Kano–Katsina–Maradi (KKM) Project Learning Site (PLS) of the sub-Saharan Africa–Challenge Program (SSA–CP) 83 pp. Printed in Nigeria by IITA ii Adewale Adekunle, Oluwole Fatunbi, Contents Executive summary ............................................................................................................................................ vi Acronyms............................................................................................................................................................ x Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................................. xi 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 Background .................................................................................................................................................... 1 The baseline study ......................................................................................................................................... 2 2. Methodology ................................................................................................................................................... 3 Scope of the study ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Study area ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 The Kano Katsina Maradi pilot learning site (KKM PLS) ........................................................................... 3 The Sudan savanna subproject ................................................................................................................. 4 Data collection ................................................................................................................................................ 4 3. Demographic and socioeconomics characterization ...................................................................................... 7 Household socioeconomic characteristics ..................................................................................................... 7 Kano - Maize-legume-livestock IP (MLL IP) ............................................................................................... 7 Katsina - Maize-legume-livestock IP (MLL IP) ........................................................................................... 8 Kano - Sorghum-legume-livestock IP (SLL IP) .......................................................................................... 8 Katsina - Sorghum-legume-livestock IP (SLL IP) ....................................................................................... 9 Household’s asset ownership structure. ........................................................................................................ 10 Kano State - Maize-legume-livestock (MLL IP) .......................................................................................... 10 Katsina State - Maize-legume-livestock (MLL IP) ...................................................................................... 11 Kano State - Sorghum-legume-livestock IP (SLL IP) ................................................................................. 11 Katsina State - Sorghum-legume-livestock IP (SLL IP) ............................................................................. 11 Distribution of farmers based on sources and amount of credit for farming ................................................... 12 Kano State - Maize-legume-livestock IP (MLL IP) ..................................................................................... 12 Katsina State - Maize-legume-livestock IP (MLL IP) .................................................................................. 13 Kano State - Sorghum-legume-livestock IP (SLL IP) ................................................................................. 13 Katsina State - Sorghum-legume-livestock IP (SLL IP) ............................................................................. 13 Access to agricultural training and interaction by farmers .............................................................................. 14 Access to and use of extension services ....................................................................................................... 16 Maize-legume-livestock IP-Kano and Katsina States ................................................................................ 16 Sorghum-legume-livestock-Kano and Katsina States ............................................................................... 16 Distribution of farmers according to membership of farmers’ association ...................................................... 17 Farmer participation in research activities ...................................................................................................... 17 Household labor availability ........................................................................................................................... 18 Household priority crops ................................................................................................................................ 19 4. Crop and livestock production systems .......................................................................................................... 20 Awareness and adoption of technology maize-legume-livestock IP .............................................................. 20 Determinants of adoption ............................................................................................................................... 22 Major cropping system ................................................................................................................................... 24 Crop distribution among cropping system ...................................................................................................... 25 Access to farm input ....................................................................................................................................... 28 Use of livestock feed supplement .................................................................................................................. 29 Crop output marketing .................................................................................................................................... 29 Maize-legume-livestock IP ......................................................................................................................... 29 Sorghum-legume-livestock IP .................................................................................................................... 30 Livestock output marketing ............................................................................................................................ 31 iii Estimated gross margins in crop production .................................................................................................. 34 Gross margin analysis of priority cereal crops ........................................................................................... 34 Gross margin analysis of priority legume crops ......................................................................................... 36 5. Income, expenditure and food security........................................................................................................... 38 Household income sources ............................................................................................................................ 38 Household expenditure pattern ...................................................................................................................... 40 Farmers’ perception of household food security ............................................................................................ 40 Household coping strategies .......................................................................................................................... 40 6. Analysis of poverty status .............................................................................................................................
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