DOCSLIB.ORG

Multi-Page.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Multi-Page.Pdf /_ /| ;f p / Public Disclosure Authorized PACIFIC ISLANDS STAKEHOLDER Public Disclosure Authorized PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPMENT: William Sutherland Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized PACIFIC ISLANDs DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES LNumBER 7 ET AsIACAND PACIFIC REGION PAPUJA NEW GUINEA AND PACIFIC ISLANDS COUNTRY MANAGEMENT UNIT DISCUSSION PAPERS PRESENT RESULTS OF COUNTRYANALYSES UNDERTAKEN BY THE DEPARTMENT AS PART OF ITS NORMAL WORK PROGRAM. To PRESENT THESE RESULTS WITH THE LEAST POSSIBLE DELAY, THE TYPESCRIPT OF THIS PAPER HAS NOT BEEN PREPARED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROCEDURES APPROPRIATE FOR FORMAL PRINTED TEXTS, AND THE WORLD BANK ACCEPTS NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR ERRORS. SOME SOURCES CITED IN THIS PAPER MAY BE INFORMAL DOCUMENTS THATARE NOT READILYAVAILABLE. THE WORLD BANK DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACYOF THE DATAINCLUDED IN THIS PUBLICATION AND ACCEPTS NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY CONSEQUENCES OF ITS USE. PACIFIC ISLANDS STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPMENT: FIJI OCTOBER 1998 A Report for the World Bank Prepared by: William Sutherland Funded by the Government of Australia under the AusAID/ World Bank Pacific Facility The views, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this study are the result of research supported by the World Bank, but they are entirely those of the author and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organisations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. For further copies of the report, please contact: Mr. David Colbert Papua New Guinea and Pacific Islands Country Management Unit East Asia and Pacific Region The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC, U.S.A. 20433 Fax: (202) 522-3393 E-Mail: [email protected] P A C I F I C I S L A N D S D I S c u S S 1 0 N P A P E R S E R I E S 2 CONTENTS FOREWORD.......................................................... 5 MAP .......................................................... 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................... ................................. 9 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................... 11 INTRODUCTION .......................................................... 13 Fluidity and Uncertainty in Fiji ...................................................... 13 The Approach, Scope and Organisation of the Study ...................... 14 SOCIETIY, CULTURE AND POLITICS: A CONTEXTUAL MAPPING ....... 17 Overview .......................................................... 17 Tradition .......................................................... 19 Social Organisation, Authority and Land .................................... 20 The Situation of Women .......................................................... 21 Primacy of the Group .......................................................... 22 Core Values .......................................................... 22 Social Intimacy, Conformity and Support ................................... 23 Cleavages and Tensions .......................................................... 24 Western Liberal Democracy .......................................................... 26 Values, Authority, Structure ...................................................... 26 Political Organisation .......................................................... 26 The System of Native/Fijian Administration ............................... 27 Cleavages and Tensions .......................................................... 28 Capitalist Practice and Ethics ........................................................ 29 Structure and Values .......................................................... 29 Capitalist Development and Ethnicity ........................................ 29 Cleavages and Tensions .......................................................... 30 Economic Institutions .......................................................... 31 Ethnicity .......................................................... 32 Heterogeneity and Multiple Identities ......................................... 32 Ethnic and Demography .......................................................... 32 The Salience of Perception: The threat of Indian domination' ...... 33 MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL RELATIONS ................... ........................ 37 Forms of Management .......................................................... 37 Ideological .......................................................... 37 P A C I F I C I S L A N D S D I s c u s S I 0 N P A P E R S E R I E S 3 Political ....................................................... 39 Cultural ........................................................ 39 Strategies of Management ........................................................ 39 Management by Fiat ....................................................... 39 Accommodative Strategies ....................................................... 40 Adverserial Strategies ....................................................... 40 Modes and Styles of Engagement ................................................... 41 Public/Formal ........................................................ 41 Private/Informal ........................................................ 41 Style ....................................................... 41 Levels of Management ....................................................... 42 THE CURRENT SITUATION ....................................................... 43 Overview ....................................................... 43 Stakeholders ....................................................... 43 Political ........................................................ 43 Bureaucratic ........................................................ 45 Traditional ....................................................... 46 Economic ........................................................ 46 Community ....................................................... 47 Key Actors ........................................................ 47 Political ....................................................... 47 Bureaucratic ....................................................... 47 Traditional ........................................................ 48 Economic ....................................................... 49 Community ........................................................ 50 Major Issues ........................................................ 50 Illustrating the Dynamics ....................................................... 51 Charting the Future: The Constitutional Review ........................ 51 What To Do With The Land: The ALTA Debate ............................ 55 The Great Council of Chiefs: Tradition, Rivalries and Roles ........ 56 Access, Reform and Fijian Economic Advancement .................... 59 Church and State: Methodists, Tradition and Politics ................. 63 LOOKING TO THE FUTURE ........................................................ 69 Scenarios ....................................................... 69 Balance of Forces ....................................................... 70 Issues: Persistence and Decline .................................................... 70 Risks and Contingencies ........................................................ 71 Conclusions and Lessons ....................................................... 71 REFERENCES ........................................................ 73 P A C I F I C I S L A N D S D I S c U S S I o N P A P E R S E R I E S 4 FOREWORD As in all societies, prospects for economic and social development for Pacific island economies are conditioned by the country's social fabric, cultural heritage and traditions, all of which exert a powerful influence over the pattern and prospects for development. Recognising this, when providing analytical advice and support for policy makers in Pacific economies the World Bank is obligated to move beyond a perspective that focuses merely on economic factors to one that incorporates each society's social and cultural dynamic and which acknowledges the influence these aspects play in social change and economic decision-making. The series of Stakeholders studies was initiated in 1996 in order to provide a basis for this broader approach and, over the ensuing twelve months, reports have been prepared for Fiji, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Samoa, Tonga and Kiribati. For each country the form of the study has varied, reflecting differences in the social and organizational characteristics of each culture. In some, the role of traditional or customary organizations is stronger and more pronounced; in others, formal community structures and organizations may be less defined or play a different role in various parts of the country and in relation to different spheres of social life. The linkages between traditional and introduced structures of power are also different in each country: in some, the boundaries may overlap quite clearly; in others, the functions of the government, the role of the church and the strength of traditions, for example, may continue to be quite distinct. We also wanted to consider in more detail the social patterns as well as the political dimensions at work in influencing social change and to understand better how Pacific Island societies function. Who are the important players in a community or society and how do they interact formally and informally? What are the structures that define their roles and how do they manage the interface between the needs of the in-group and those of the wider society?
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Reflections on the 1987 Fiji Coups Sanjay Ramesh
    162 Fijian Studies Vol. 5 No. 1 Dialogue: Reflections on the 1987 Coup 163 gence Agency (CIA) was behind the coups. The reasons for what has been termed as the ‘CIA chimera’, are many and varied (see Lal, 1990, and Scobell, Reflections on the 1987 Fiji Coups 1994). Immediately after the coup, the Fiji Military Forces (FMF) embarked on a propaganda campaign, informing the coup sympathisers that the coalition had relations with the former Soviet Union and Libya and as such posed a direct Sanjay Ramesh threat to the western alliance and to Fijian traditions and values. Widespread rumours of the coalition being socialist and left-wing in orientation led some The coups of 1987 have become a bitter memory for the people of Fiji, observers to conclude that the CIA was involved. Other observations, such as but unanswered questions still linger about the whole incident. Did then Colonel US Hercules carriers making brief and suspicious stopovers at the Nadi Interna- Sitiveni Rabuka, who claimed that intervention of the army in Fiji’s political tional Airport; the presence of US Ambassador to UN Vernon Walters in the process was necessary to avert ethnic bloodshed (Rabuka, 2000: 9), act entirely country for talks with the coalition in response to the coalitions non-alignment on an instinct to save the indigenous Fijian race from the Indo-Fijian political policy; the appearance of retired US army officer Larry Mackenna at the US designs, or were there other forces at work? Embassy in full military uniform; and the dubious political activities of the The deposed Prime Minister late Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    Introduction Brij V. Lal Soldiers rioting on the steps of parliament house in Papua New Guinea; tumultuous politics besetting the presidency in Vanuatu; political assassi­ nations in New Caledonia; confrontation between soldiers and civilians on the troubled island of Bougainville. In other, calmer times, such inci­ dents of terror and violence would have stunned observers of Pacific Island affairs. But in the aftermath of the dramatic events in Fiji, news of upheaval in the islands is increasingly being greeted with a weary sense of deja vu. Such has been their impact that the Fiji coups and the forces they have unleashed are already being seen as marking, for better or worse, a turning point not only in the history ofthat troubled island nation but also in the contemporary politics ofthe Pacific Islands region. The issues and emotions that the Fiji coups have engendered touch on some of the most fundamental issues of our time: the tension between the rights ofindigenous peoples ofthe Pacific Islands and the rights ofthose of more recent immigrant or mixed origins; the role and place of traditional customs and institutions in the fiercely competitive modern political arena; the structure and function of Western-style democratic political processes in ethnically divided or nonegalitarian societies; the use of mili­ tary force to overthrow ideologically unacceptable but constitutionally elected governments. These and similar issues, rekindled by the events in Fiji, will be with us for a long time to come. Unlike any other event in recent Pacific Islands history, the Fiji crisis has generated an unprecedented outpouring of popular and scholarly litera­ ture, as our Book Review and Resources sections amply demonstrate.
    [Show full text]
  • A Socio-Cultural Investigation of Indigenous Fijian Women's
    A Socio-cultural Investigation of Indigenous Fijian Women’s Perception of and Responses to HIV and AIDS from the Two Selected Tribes in Rural Fiji Tabalesi na Dakua,Ukuwale na Salato Ms Litiana N. Tuilaselase Kuridrani MBA; PG Dip Social Policy Admin; PG Dip HRM; Post Basic Public Health; BA Management/Sociology (double major); FRNOB A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2013 School of Population Health Abstract This thesis reports the findings of the first in-depth qualitative research on the socio-cultural perceptions of and responses to HIV and AIDS from the two selected tribes in rural Fiji. The study is guided by an ethnographic framework with grounded theory approach. Data was obtained using methods of Key Informants Interviews (KII), Focus Group Discussions (FGD), participant observations and documentary analysis of scripts, brochures, curriculum, magazines, newspapers articles obtained from a broad range of Fijian sources. The study findings confirmed that the Indigenous Fijian women population are aware of and concerned about HIV and AIDS. Specifically, control over their lives and decision-making is shaped by changes of vanua (land and its people), lotu (church), and matanitu (state or government) structures. This increases their vulnerabilities. Informants identified HIV and AIDS with a loss of control over the traditional way of life, over family ties, over oneself and loss of control over risks and vulnerability factors. The understanding of HIV and AIDS is situated in the cultural context as indigenous in its origin and required a traditional approach to management and healing.
    [Show full text]
  • Report SCEFI Evaluation Final W.Koekebakker.Pdf
    Strengthening Citizen Engagement in Fiji Initiative (SCEFI) Final Evaluation Report Welmoed E. Koekebakker November, 2016 ATLAS project ID: 00093651 EU Contribution Agreement: FED/2013/315-685 Strengthening Citizen Engagement in Fiji Initiative (SCEFI) Final Evaluation Report Welmoed Koekebakker Contents List of acronyms and local terms iv Executive Summary v 1. Introduction 1 Purpose of the evaluation 1 Key findings of the evaluation are: 2 2. Strengthening Citizen Engagement in Fiji Initiative (SCEFI) 3 Intervention logic 4 Grants and Dialogue: interrelated components 5 Implementation modalities 6 Management arrangements and project monitoring 6 3. Evaluation Methodology 7 Evaluation Questions 9 4. SCEFI Achievements and Contribution to Outcome 10 A. Support to 44 Fijian CSOs: achievements, assessment 10 Quantitative and qualitative assessment of the SCEFI CSO grants 10 Meta-assessment 12 4 Examples of Outcome 12 Viseisei Sai Health Centre (VSHC): Empowerment of Single Teenage Mothers 12 Youth Champs for Mental Health (YC4MH): Youth empowerment 13 Pacific Centre for Peacebuilding (PCP) - Post Cyclone support Taveuni 14 Fiji’s Disabled Peoples Federation (FDPF). 16 B. Leadership Dialogue and CSO dialogue with high level stakeholders 16 1. CSO Coalition building and CSO-Government relation building 17 Sustainable Development Goals 17 Strengthening CSO Coalitions in Fiji 17 Support to National Youth Council of Fiji (NYCF) and youth visioning workshop 17 Civil Society - Parliament outreach 18 Youth Advocacy workshop 18 2. Peace and social cohesion support 19 Rotuma: Leadership Training and Dialogue for Chiefs, Community Leaders and Youth 19 Multicultural Youth Dialogues 20 Inter-ethnic dialogue in Rewa 20 Pacific Peace conference 21 3. Post cyclone support 21 Lessons learned on post disaster relief: FRIEND 21 Collaboration SCEFI - Ministry of Youth and Sports: Koro – cash for work 22 Transparency in post disaster relief 22 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Timor-Leste's Growing Engagement with the Pacific Islands Region
    110 Regionalism, Security & Cooperation in Oceania Chapter 8 Acting West, Looking East: Timor-Leste’s Growing Engagement with the Pacific Islands Region Jose Kai Lekke Sousa-Santos Executive Summary • Timor-Leste is situated geopolitically and culturally at the crossroads of Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands region, and has pursued a two-pil- lared neighborhood foreign policy of “comprehensive and collective en- gagement,” which is defined by “Acting West” and “Looking East.” • Timor-Leste is seeking to integrate itself within regional governance and security structures, and institutions of both Southeast Asia and the Pa- cific Islands, thereby increasing its strategic role as a conduit for cooper- ation and collaboration between the two regions. • Timor-Leste is of increasing geostrategic importance to the Asia Pacific in view of the growing focus on the Pacific Ocean in terms of resource security and the growing competition between China and the United States. • Timor-Leste could play an increasingly significant role in regional de- fense diplomacy developments if the Melanesian Spearhead Group re- gional peacekeeping force is realized. Timor-Leste’s Engagement with the Pacific Islands Region - Santos 111 “We may be a small nation, but we are part of our inter- connected region. Our nation shares an island with Indone- sia. We are part of the fabric of Southeast Asia. And we are on the cross road of Asia and the Pacific.” 1 - Xanana Kay Rala Gusmao Introduction Timor-Leste is situated geopolitically and culturally on the crossroads of Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands region and has, since achieving in- dependence in 2002, pursued a two-pillared neighborhood foreign policy of ‘Acting West’ and ‘Looking East.’ Timor-Leste claims that its geographic position secures the “half-island” state as an integral and categorical part of Southeast Asia while at the same time, acknowledging the clear links it shares with its Pacific Island neighbors to the west, particularly in the areas of development and security.
    [Show full text]
  • History of Inter-Group Conflict and Violence in Modern Fiji
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Sydney eScholarship History of Inter-Group Conflict and Violence in Modern Fiji SANJAY RAMESH MA (RESEARCH) CENTRE FOR PEACE AND CONFLICT STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY 2010 Abstract The thesis analyses inter-group conflict in Fiji within the framework of inter-group theory, popularised by Gordon Allport, who argued that inter-group conflict arises out of inter-group prejudice, which is historically constructed and sustained by dominant groups. Furthermore, Allport hypothesised that there are three attributes of violence: structural and institutional violence in the form of discrimination, organised violence and extropunitive violence in the form of in-group solidarity. Using history as a method, I analyse the history of inter-group conflict in Fiji from 1960 to 2006. I argue that inter- group conflict in Fiji led to the institutionalisation of discrimination against Indo-Fijians in 1987 and this escalated into organised violence in 2000. Inter-group tensions peaked in Fiji during the 2006 general elections as ethnic groups rallied behind their own communal constituencies as a show of in-group solidarity and produced an electoral outcome that made multiparty governance stipulated by the multiracial 1997 Constitution impossible. Using Allport’s recommendations on mitigating inter-group conflict in divided communities, the thesis proposes a three-pronged approach to inter-group conciliation in Fiji, based on implementing national identity, truth and reconciliation and legislative reforms. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis is dedicated to the Indo-Fijians in rural Fiji who suffered physical violence in the aftermath of the May 2000 nationalist coup.
    [Show full text]
  • Chiefly Leadership in Fiji After the 2014 Elections Stephanie Lawson
    3 Chiefly leadership in Fiji after the 2014 elections Stephanie Lawson ‘Chiefdoms are highly variable, but they are all about power.’ (Earle 2011, p. 27) Introduction The last quarter century has seen a significant decline of chiefly influence in Fiji’s politics, albeit with some periods of enhanced status for the paramount symbol of indigenous Fijian traditionalism, the Great Council of Chiefs (GCC). This body, however, was abolished by decree under the military regime of Commodore Josaia Voreqe (Frank) Bainimarama in March 2012. The September 2014 elections held prospects for the restoration of chiefly authority and the role of traditionalism through the Social Democratic Liberal Party (SODELPA) led by Ro Teimumu Vuikaba Kepa, holder of a prominent chiefly title. A victory by SODELPA would also have seen the restoration of the GCC. With SODELPA’s resounding defeat by Bainimarama’s FijiFirst Party, such prospects have received a significant blow. This chapter provides an account of chiefly leadership in national politics, beginning with a survey of Fiji’s colonisation, the role of chiefs in the British colonial regime generally, and their domination 41 THE PEOPLE Have SPOKEN of national politics up until 1987. The second section reviews the political dynamics surrounding chiefly leadership from 1987 until the Bainimarama-led coup of 2006. The final sections examine chiefly involvement in national politics in the lead-up to the 2014 elections and prospects for the future of traditional chiefly political leadership which, given the results, look somewhat bleak. British colonialism and chiefly rule In contrast with many other parts of the world, where colonial rule was imposed by force, the paramount chiefs of Fiji petitioned the British to establish a Crown Colony.
    [Show full text]
  • FIJI Dates of Elections: 10 to 17 July 1982 Purpose of Elections
    FIJI Dates of Elections: 10 to 17 July 1982 Purpose of Elections Elections were held for all the seats in the House of Representatives on the normal expiry of the members' term of office. Characteristics of Parliament The bicameral Parliament of Fiji is composed of a Senate and a House of Represen­ tatives. The Senate consists of 22 members appointed by the Governor-General, of whom: - 8 nominated by the Great Council of Chiefs; - 7 nominated by the Prime Minister; - 6 nominated by the Leader of the Opposition; - 1 nominated by the Council of the Island of Rotuma. Appointements are for 6 years, 11 members retiring every 3 years. The House of Representatives consists of 52 members elected for 5 years on the following basis; - Fijian: 12 members elected by voters on the Fijian Communal Roll; 10 members elected by voters on the National Roll. - Indian: 12 members elected by voters on the Indian Communal Roll: 10 members elected by voters on the National Roll. - General (persons neither Fijian nor Indian): 3 members elected by voters on the General Communal Roll; 5 members elected by voters on the National Roll. The "National Roll" consists of all registered electors on the three Communal Rolls. Electoral System Any person may be registered as elector on a Roll if he is a citizen of Fiji and has attained the age of 21 years. The insane, persons owing allegiance to a State outside the British Commonwealth, those under sentence of death or imprisonment for a term exceeding 12 months and those convicted of electoral offences may not be registered.
    [Show full text]
  • [2007] FJHC 147; HBC 315J.2003S (18 May 2007)
    Mataitoga v Native Land Trust Board [2007] FJHC 147; HBC 315J.2003S (18 May 2007) IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI AT SUVA CIVIL JURISDICTION CIVIL ACTION NO. HBC 315J OF 2003S BETWEEN: BULOU VILISI MATAITOGA of Lot 6 Ivitavaya Road, Laucala Beach Estate, Civil Servant. (1ST PLAINTIFF) BULOU ELENOA QALOMAIWASA of Lot 23 Kinova Road, Kinoya, Domestic Duties. (2ND PLAINTIFF) BULOU AMALAINI QALOMAIWASA of Lot 94 Waila Housing, Nausori, Civil Servant. (3RD PLAINTIFF) BULOU OLIVIA MATANISIGA of Vuda, Veiseisei, Receptionist, Tanoa Hotel, Nadi. (4TH PLAINTIFF) BULOU SULUETI MATAI of Waisalima, Nakasaleka, Kadavu, Domestic Duties. (5TH PLAINTIFF) BULOU ALISI VAVAILAGI of Vuci Road, Nausori, Domestic Duties. (6TH PLAINTIFF) AND: NATIVE LAND TRUST BOARD a statutory body that is established under the Native Land Trust Act Cap. 134 (1ST DEFENDANT) NUKUBALAVU BEACH ESTATES LIMITED a locally registered company. That deals with the subdivision and Sale of Land (2ND DEFENDANT) Counsel for the Plaintiffs: T. Fa: Tevita Fa & Assoc. Counsel for the 1st Defendant: P. Dalituicama: NLTB Legal Division Counsel for the 2nd Defendant: P. Knight: Cromptons Date of Judgment: 18 May, 2007 Time of Judgment: 9.30 a. m. JUDGMENT The Plaintiff are six (6) sisters in all and daughters of Ratu Inoke Qalomaiwasa No.1, Turaga ni Yavusa and Mataqali Lomanikoro, of Nakasaleka in Kadavu. Ratu Inoke Qalomaiwasa since deceased was the agnate descendant of Ratu Napolioni Qaranivalu, the owner of an area of native land of 214 acres Known as Waisalima, being Lot 53 on Native Land Commission Sheet reference No: P/13-3. The whole area, according to the Native Lands Commission ("NLC"), was reserved to the owners at the Reserve Commission sitting at Nakasaleka in 1961.
    [Show full text]
  • Fijian Colonial Experience: a Study of the Neotraditional Order Under British Colonial Rule Prior to World War II, by Timothy J
    Chapter 4 The new of The more able Fij ian chiefs did not need to fetch up the glory of their ancestors to maintain leadership of their people: they exploited a variety of opportunities open to them within the Fij ian Administration. Ultimately colonial rule itself rested on the loyalty chosen chiefs could still command from their people, and day-to-day village governance, it has been seen, totally depended on them. Far from degenerating into a decadent elite, these chiefs devised a mode of leadership that was neither traditional, for it needed appointment from the Crown, nor purely administrative. Its material rewards came from salary and fringe benefits; its larger satisfactions from the extent to which the peopl e rallied to their leadership and voluntarily participated in the great celebrations of Fijian life , the traditional-type festivals of dance, food and ceremony that proclaimed to all: the people and the chief and the land are one . 'Government-work' had its place, but for chiefs and people there were always 'higher' preoccupations growing out of the refined cultural legacy of the past (albeit the attenuated past) which gave them all that was still distinctively Fij ian in their threatened way of life. This chapter will illuminate the ambiguous mix of constraint and opportunity for chiefly leadership in the colonial context as exercised prior to World War II by some powerful personalities from different status levels in the neotraditional order. Thurston's enthusiastic tax gatherer, Ratu Joni Madraiwiwi , was perhaps the most able of them , and in his happier days was generally esteemed as one of the finest of 'the old school' of chiefs .
    [Show full text]
  • Elections and Politics in Fiji
    i ii iii Co-Published by ANU E Press and Asia Pacific Press The Australian National Unversity Canberra ACT 0200 Email: [email protected] Website: http://epress.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Lal, Brij V. Islands of turmoil : elections and politics in Fiji. Bibliography. Includes index. ISBN 0 7315 3751 3 ISBN 1 920942 75 0 (Online document) 1. Fiji - Politics and government. 2. Fiji - Social conditions. 3. Fiji - Economic conditions. I. Title. 996.11 This work is copyright. Apart from those uses which may be permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 as amended, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the publishers. The views expressed in this book are those of the author and not necessarily of the publishers. Editor: Bridget Maidment Publisher: Asia Pacific Press and ANU E Press Design: Annie Di Nallo Design Printers: University Printing Service, The Australian National University Cover photo, Nukulau Prison, is copyright and used with permission (www.fijilive.com). Author photo by Darren Boyd, Coombs Photography. First edition © 2006 ANU E Press and Asia Pacific Press For the people of the Fiji Islands There is a dawn at the end of the darkest night v Contents Abbreviations vii Preface viii 1. The road to independence 1 2. Continuity and change 24 3. Things fall apart 49 4. Back from the abyss 77 5. Rabuka’s republic 100 6. Charting a new course 126 7. A time to change 155 8. George Speight’s coup 185 9. In George Speight’s shadow 206 10.
    [Show full text]
  • Wt/Min(98)/Inf/14
    WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WT/MIN(98)/INF/14 WT/FIFTY/INF/11 ORGANISATION MONDIALE DU COMMERCE 18 May 1998 ORGANIZACIÓN MUNDIAL DEL COMERCIO (98-1974) Ministerial Conference Conférence ministérielle Conferencia Ministerial Second Session Deuxième session Segundo período de sesiones Geneva, 18 and 20 May 1998 Genève, 18 et 20 mai 1998 Ginebra, 18 y 20 de mayo de 1998 50th Anniversary Cinquantième anniversaire Cincuentenario Geneva, 19 May 1998 Genève, 19 mai 1998 Ginebra, 19 de mayo de 1998 PROVISIONAL LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES LISTE PROVISOIRE DES REPRESENTANTS LISTA PROVISIONAL DE REPRESENTANTES Chairperson: H.E. Mr. Pascal Couchepin Président: Minister for Public Economy President: Vice-Chairpersons: H.E. Mr. Juan M. Wurmser (Guatemala) Vice-présidents: H.E. Mr. Han Duck-soo (Korea) Vicepresidentes: The Hon. Nathan M. Shamuyarira (Zimbabwe) ANGOLA Représentants M. Vitórino Domingos Hossi Ministre du Commerce, Chef de délégation M. André Ventura Economiste et Premier Secrétaire du Ministre des Relations extérieures, M. Leovigildo da Costa e Silva Ministre Conseiller, Mission permanente auprès de l'Office des Nations Unies à Genève M. João Lusevikueno Directeur du Cabinet d'Echange international M. Edeltrudes Costa Directeur du Cabinet du Ministre du Commerce M. Alexandre Costa Directeur National du Commerce externe, Ministère du Commerce WT/MIN(98)/INF/14 WT/FIFTY/INF/11 Page 2 ANGOLA (suite) Représentants (suite) M. Joaquim Veneno Conseiller du Ministre du Commerce M. António Mpeve Directeur du Cabinet d'Etudes et de Plan, Ministère du Commerce M. Amadeu Leitão Nunes Juriste, Cabinet d'Echange international, Ministère du Commerce Mme Filomena Sousa Juriste, Cabinet d'Echange international, Ministère du Commerce M.
    [Show full text]