Melanesia in Review: Issues and Events, I994
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Reflections on the 1987 Fiji Coups Sanjay Ramesh
162 Fijian Studies Vol. 5 No. 1 Dialogue: Reflections on the 1987 Coup 163 gence Agency (CIA) was behind the coups. The reasons for what has been termed as the ‘CIA chimera’, are many and varied (see Lal, 1990, and Scobell, Reflections on the 1987 Fiji Coups 1994). Immediately after the coup, the Fiji Military Forces (FMF) embarked on a propaganda campaign, informing the coup sympathisers that the coalition had relations with the former Soviet Union and Libya and as such posed a direct Sanjay Ramesh threat to the western alliance and to Fijian traditions and values. Widespread rumours of the coalition being socialist and left-wing in orientation led some The coups of 1987 have become a bitter memory for the people of Fiji, observers to conclude that the CIA was involved. Other observations, such as but unanswered questions still linger about the whole incident. Did then Colonel US Hercules carriers making brief and suspicious stopovers at the Nadi Interna- Sitiveni Rabuka, who claimed that intervention of the army in Fiji’s political tional Airport; the presence of US Ambassador to UN Vernon Walters in the process was necessary to avert ethnic bloodshed (Rabuka, 2000: 9), act entirely country for talks with the coalition in response to the coalitions non-alignment on an instinct to save the indigenous Fijian race from the Indo-Fijian political policy; the appearance of retired US army officer Larry Mackenna at the US designs, or were there other forces at work? Embassy in full military uniform; and the dubious political activities of the The deposed Prime Minister late Dr. -
Fiji's Road to Military Coup, 20061
2. 'Anxiety, uncertainty and fear in our land': Fiji's road to military coup, 20061 Brij V. Lal Introduction If civilization is to survive, one is driven to radical views. I do not mean driven to violence. Violence always compromises or ruins the cause it means to serve: it produces as much wrong as it tries to remedy. The State, for example, is always with us. Overthrow it and it will come back in another form, quite possibly worse. It's a necessary evilÐa monster that continually has to be tamed, so that it serves us rather than devours us. We can't do without it, neither can we ever trust it.2 Fiji experienced the whole gamut of emotions over the course of a fateful 2006. The year ended on an unsettled note, as it had begun. Fiji was yet again caught in a political quagmire of its own making, hobbled by manufactured tensions, refusing to heed the lessons of its recent tumultuous past, and reeling from the effects of the coup. Ironies abound. A Fijian army confronted a Fijian government, fuelling the indigenous community's worst fears about a Fijian army spilling Fijian blood on Fijian soil. The military overthrow took place 19 years to the day after frustrated coup-maker of 1987 Sitiveni Rabuka had handed power back to Fiji's civilian leaders, Ratu Sir Penaia Ganilau and Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, paving the way for the eventual return to parliamentary democracy. The 2006 coup, like the previous ones, deposed a democratically elected government. Perhaps more importantly, it peremptorily sidelined the once powerful cultural and social institutions of the indigenous community, notably the Methodist Church and the Great Council of Chiefs (GCC)3 ± severing with a startling abruptness the overarching influence they had exercised in national life. -
2016 Country Review
Fiji 2016 Country Review http://www.countrywatch.com Table of Contents Chapter 1 1 Country Overview 1 Country Overview 2 Key Data 4 Fiji 5 Pacific Islands 6 Chapter 2 8 Political Overview 8 History 9 Political Conditions 10 Political Risk Index 42 Political Stability 57 Freedom Rankings 72 Human Rights 84 Government Functions 87 Government Structure 92 Principal Government Officials 100 Leader Biography 101 Leader Biography 101 Foreign Relations 104 National Security 109 Defense Forces 111 Chapter 3 114 Economic Overview 114 Economic Overview 115 Nominal GDP and Components 117 Population and GDP Per Capita 118 Real GDP and Inflation 119 Government Spending and Taxation 120 Money Supply, Interest Rates and Unemployment 121 Foreign Trade and the Exchange Rate 122 Data in US Dollars 123 Energy Consumption and Production Standard Units 124 Energy Consumption and Production QUADS 125 World Energy Price Summary 126 CO2 Emissions 127 Agriculture Consumption and Production 128 World Agriculture Pricing Summary 130 Metals Consumption and Production 131 World Metals Pricing Summary 133 Economic Performance Index 134 Chapter 4 146 Investment Overview 146 Foreign Investment Climate 147 Foreign Investment Index 151 Corruption Perceptions Index 164 Competitiveness Ranking 175 Taxation 184 Stock Market 184 Partner Links 185 Chapter 5 186 Social Overview 186 People 187 Human Development Index 188 Life Satisfaction Index 192 Happy Planet Index 203 Status of Women 213 Global Gender Gap Index 215 Culture and Arts 225 Etiquette 227 Travel Information 228 Diseases/Health Data 237 Chapter 6 243 Environmental Overview 243 Environmental Issues 244 Environmental Policy 252 Greenhouse Gas Ranking 253 Global Environmental Snapshot 264 Global Environmental Concepts 275 International Environmental Agreements and Associations 289 Appendices 314 Bibliography 315 Fiji Chapter 1 Country Overview Fiji Review 2016 Page 1 of 327 pages Fiji Country Overview FIJI Fiji became independent in 1970 after nearly a century as a British colony. -
Solarpowered Electrification for Kadavu, Rotuma and Lakeba
4/19/2016 PACNEWS News reader Username Password Login HOME NEWS FEATURE BUSINESS SPORTS TECHNOLOGY LIFESTYLE VOICES ARCHIVE PINA PACNEWS News Feature : Time to fundamentally rethink ACPEU relations [17/04/2016 Belgium] SolarPowered Electrification for Kadavu, Rotuma and Lakeba Related There are no related media to this article. 1:09 pm GMT+12, 09/12/2013, Fiji Share 0 Most read The United Arab Emirates Ministry of Foreign Affairs has informed AG presses Fiji's case on climate change at key Fiji Government that the board of the UAEPacific Partnership Washington meeting Fund has approved a grant funding for a joint renewable energy project in Fiji worth USD5M, for immediate implementation. Palau's drought Issue sparks political The Joint Renewable Energy Project will involve solar powered showdown electrification of the islands of Kadavu, Rotuma and Lakeba. The Grant Project will be implemented by the prestigious UAE Some 150 nations to attend UN climate company known as Masdar, Abu Dhabi’s multifaceted renewable signing energy company. Masdar is part of the all solarpowered Masdar City Project, the world’s first ever city that is sustainable, have zerocarbon and zerowaste ecology. It is also the home of the Some 150 nations to attend UN climate renowned Masdar Institute of Technology. The UAE is aiming to be signing the new center of sustainable technology. Oceania leads the way in climate change talks The UAE Foreign Ministry Statement said,“It is our hope that we can finalize the project scope and bilateral agreement with Fiji Palau's drought Issue sparks political within the next few weeks, to allow the UAE Government’s showdown renewable energy arm, Masdar, to begin tendering by early 2014. -
Wt/Min(98)/Inf/14
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WT/MIN(98)/INF/14 WT/FIFTY/INF/11 ORGANISATION MONDIALE DU COMMERCE 18 May 1998 ORGANIZACIÓN MUNDIAL DEL COMERCIO (98-1974) Ministerial Conference Conférence ministérielle Conferencia Ministerial Second Session Deuxième session Segundo período de sesiones Geneva, 18 and 20 May 1998 Genève, 18 et 20 mai 1998 Ginebra, 18 y 20 de mayo de 1998 50th Anniversary Cinquantième anniversaire Cincuentenario Geneva, 19 May 1998 Genève, 19 mai 1998 Ginebra, 19 de mayo de 1998 PROVISIONAL LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES LISTE PROVISOIRE DES REPRESENTANTS LISTA PROVISIONAL DE REPRESENTANTES Chairperson: H.E. Mr. Pascal Couchepin Président: Minister for Public Economy President: Vice-Chairpersons: H.E. Mr. Juan M. Wurmser (Guatemala) Vice-présidents: H.E. Mr. Han Duck-soo (Korea) Vicepresidentes: The Hon. Nathan M. Shamuyarira (Zimbabwe) ANGOLA Représentants M. Vitórino Domingos Hossi Ministre du Commerce, Chef de délégation M. André Ventura Economiste et Premier Secrétaire du Ministre des Relations extérieures, M. Leovigildo da Costa e Silva Ministre Conseiller, Mission permanente auprès de l'Office des Nations Unies à Genève M. João Lusevikueno Directeur du Cabinet d'Echange international M. Edeltrudes Costa Directeur du Cabinet du Ministre du Commerce M. Alexandre Costa Directeur National du Commerce externe, Ministère du Commerce WT/MIN(98)/INF/14 WT/FIFTY/INF/11 Page 2 ANGOLA (suite) Représentants (suite) M. Joaquim Veneno Conseiller du Ministre du Commerce M. António Mpeve Directeur du Cabinet d'Etudes et de Plan, Ministère du Commerce M. Amadeu Leitão Nunes Juriste, Cabinet d'Echange international, Ministère du Commerce Mme Filomena Sousa Juriste, Cabinet d'Echange international, Ministère du Commerce M. -
Research Commons at The
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Research Commons@Waikato http://waikato.researchgateway.ac.nz/ Research Commons at the University of Waikato Copyright Statement: The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). The thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: Any use you make of these documents or images must be for research or private study purposes only, and you may not make them available to any other person. Authors control the copyright of their thesis. You will recognise the author’s right to be identified as the author of the thesis, and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate. You will obtain the author’s permission before publishing any material from the thesis. An Elusive Dream: Multiracial Harmony in Fiji 1970 - 2000 A thesis submitted to the University of Waikato for the degree of Master of Philosophy, January, 2007. by Padmini Gaunder Abstract The common perception of Fiji, which is unique in the South Pacific, is that of an ethnically divided society with the indigenous and immigrant communities often at loggerheads. This perception was heightened by the military coups of 1987, which overthrew the democratically elected government of Dr. Timoci Bavadra because it was perceived as Indian-dominated. Again in 2000, the People’s Coalition Government headed by an Indian, Mahendra Chaudhry, was ousted in a civilian coup. Yet Fiji had been genuinely multiethnic for several decades (even centuries) before it became a colony in 1874. -
Hon. Assistant Minister Iliesa Delana Hon. Alivereti Nabulivou Hon
Hon. Alexander Hon. Alivereti David O’Connor Nabulivou Hon. Mataiasi Akauola Hon. Balmindar Singh Niumataiwalu Hon. Samuela Hon. Netani Rika Bainikalou Vunivalu Hon. Mohammed Hon. Assistant Minister Mursalinul Abe Dean Hon. Viam Pillay Hon. Jilila Vijay Nath Hon. Assistant Minister Nalibu Kumar Hon. Minister Joeli Ratulevu Cawaki Laisenia Bale Tuitubou Hon. Alvick Avhikrit Hon. Minister Maharaj Timoci Lesi Natuva Hon. Mosese Hon. Ratu Hon. Prem Singh Hon. Minister Drecala Bulitavu Kiniviliame Kiliraki Hon. Minister Hon. Dr. Brij Lal Mereseini Vuniwaqa Parveen Kumar Hon. Jiosefa Hon. Aseri Hon. Roko Tupou Takeiwai Hon. Minister Hon. Minister Hon. Ashneel Dulakiverata Masivou Radrodro Senirewa Draunidalo Dr. Mahendra Reddy Semi Tuleca Koroilavesau Sudhakar Hon. Ratu Isoa Hon. Ratu Suliano Hon. Professor Hon. Minister Hon. Minister Hon. Ruveni Delamisi Tikoca Matanitobua Biman Chand Prasad Ratu Inoke Kubuabola Jone Usamate Nadabe Nadalo Hon. Salote Hon. Mikaele Hon. Semesa Hon. Minister Hon. Minister Hon. Assistant Minister Vuibureta Radrodro Rokosova Leawere Druavesi Karavaki Inia Batikoto Seruiratu Osea Naiqamu Veena Kumar Bhatnagar Hon. Anare Hon. Niko Nawaikula Hon. Ratu Naiqama Hon. Minister Hon. Minister Hon. Assistant Minister Tuidraki Vadei Lalabalavu Aiyaz Sayed-Khaiyum Faiyaz Siddiq Koya Lorna Eden Hon. Ratu Sela Hon. Viliame Hon. Ro Teimumu Deputy Secretary-General (DSGP) Secretary-General (SGP) Hon. Prime Minister Hon. Minister Hon. Assistant Minister Vuinakasa Nanovo Rogoibulu Gavoka Vuikaba Kepa Jeanette Emberson Viniana Namosimalua Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama Rosy Sofia Akbar Iliesa Delana Hon. Speaker of Parliament Dr. Jiko Fatafehi Luveni. -
Pacific Islands: Fiji Solomon Islands Western Samoa Vanuatu Tonga
COUNTRY PROFILE Pacific Islands: Fiji Solomon Islands Western Samoa Vanuatu Tonga Our quarterly Country Report, Pacific Islands: Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Solomon Islands, Western Samoa, Vanuatu, Tonga, analyses current trends. This annual Country Profile provides background political and economic information about Fiji, Solomon Islands, Western Samoa, Vanuatu, Tonga and some of the smaller territories. Papua New Guinea has a separate Country Profile of its own. 1996-97 The Economist Intelligence Unit 15 Regent Street, London SW1Y 4LR United Kingdom The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit is a specialist publisher serving companies establishing and managing operations across national borders. For over 40 years it has been a source of information on business developments, economic and political trends, government regulations and corporate practice worldwide. The EIU delivers its information in four ways: through subscription products ranging from newsletters to annual reference works; through specific research reports, whether for general release or for particular clients; through electronic publishing; and by organising conferences and roundtables. The firm is a member of The Economist Group. London New York Hong Kong The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit 15 Regent Street The Economist Building 25/F, Dah Sing Financial Centre London 111 West 57th Street 108 Gloucester Road SW1Y 4LR New York Wanchai United Kingdom NY 10019, USA Hong Kong Tel: (44.171) 830 1000 -
Elections and Politics in Contemporary Fiji
Chiefs and Indians: Elections and Politics in Contemporary Fiji Brij V. Lal 1he Republic of Fiji went to the polls in May 1992, its first election since the military coups of 1987 and the sixth since 1970, when the islands became independent from Great Britain. For many people in Fiji and out side, the elections were welcome, marking as they did the republic's first tentative steps toward restoring parliamentary democracy and interna tional respectability, and replacing rule by decree with rule by constitu tionallaw. The elections were a significant event. Yet, hope mingles eerily with apprehension; the journey back to genuine representative democracy is fraught with difficulties that everyone acknowledges but few know how to resolve. The elections were held under a constitution rejected by half of the pop ulation and severely criticized by the international community for its racially discriminatory, antidemocratic provisions. Indigenous Fijian po litical solidarity, assiduously promoted since the coups, disintegrated in the face of the election-related tensions within Fijian society. A chief-spon sored political party won 30 of the 37 seats in the 7o-seat House of Repre sentatives, and was able to form a government only in coalition with other parties. Sitiveni Rabuka, the reluctant politician, became prime minister after gaining the support of the Fiji Labour Party, which he had over thrown in 1987, and despite the opposition of his predecessor and para mount chief of Lau, Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara. In a further irony, a consti tutional system designed to entrench the interests of Fijian chiefs placed a commoner at the national helm. -
The Role of Overseas Missions in the Foreign Policy of Fiji
THE ROLE OF OVERSEAS MISSIONS IN THE FOREIGN POLICY OF FIJI: AN ANALYSIS OF THE DIPLOMACY OF A SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPING STATE. By MILIKA WAQAINABETE A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Masters of Arts in Politics and International Affairs. Copyright © 2012 by Milika Waqainabete School of Government, Development and International Affairs, Faculty of Business and Economics University of the South Pacific Dedication I dedicate this thesis to our Lord Jesus Christ whose guidance and wisdom enabled me to persevere, husband Mosese and children Jone, Vika and Alena for their unwavering support and encouragement for its completion. Acknowledgement I wish to acknowledge with sincere gratitude the guidance and direction given to me by my supervisor, Dr Sandra Tarte, the staff of the National Archives and Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation for their assistance, the I-Taukei Affairs Scholarships Unit for funding this research, as well as the interviewees listed below who gave valuable information for the compilation and completion of this thesis. Mr Solo Mara Mrs Mere Mr Winston Falemaka Thompson Mr Isikeli Mataitoga Mrs Mere Tora Mr Berenado Vunibobo Mr Kaliopate Ms Taufa Vakatale Tavola Mr Filipe Bole Ms Tupou Raturaga Mr Emitai Mr Lote Buinimasi Boladuadua Ms Yolinda Chan Mr Jesoni Mr Robin Yarrow Dr Roman Vitusagavulu Grynberg Mr Sekove Mrs Litia Mawi Naqiolevu Mr Peter Donigi Mr Naipote Mr Amena Yauvoli Mr Jeremaia Katonitabua Waqanisau Mr Jone Mr Anare Jale Draunimasi Mr Akuila Waradi Ms Tupou Vere Mr Jone Mr Ross Ligairi Vukikomoala Mr Isikia Savua Mr Pio Tabaiwalu Mr Jioji Mr Tuiloma Neroni Kotobalavu Slade Mr Filimoni Jitoko 1 Abstract Small Island Developing States (SIDS) in international relations are generally viewed to be weak, vulnerable and marginalised in world affairs. -
Government of Fiji Gazette Supplement
269 EXTRAORDINARY GOVERNMENT OF FIJI GAZETTE SUPPLEMENT No. 22 THURSDAY, 25th SEPTEMBER 2014 [LEGAL NOTICE NO. 43] CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF FIJI (Section 92(3)) ________ MINISTERIAL ASSIGNMENT To : Rear Admiral (Retired) Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama Prime Minister, and Minister for iTaukei Affairs and Sugar Industry IN exercise of the powers vested in me as Prime Minister of the Republic of Fiji under section 92(3) of the Constitution of the Republic of Fiji, I hereby assign to myself in my capacity as Prime Minister, and Minister for iTaukei Affairs and Sugar Industry, the responsibility for the conduct of the following Government business, departments and written laws (subject to the provisions of any other written law)— Business Departments (a) Office of the Prime Minister Office of the President Coat of Arms of Fiji Office of the Prime Minister Commissions of Inquiry -Cabinet Office Constitution of the Republic of Fiji Honours and Awards Human Rights Commission* Human Rights Constitutional Offices Commission* Other minority groups (e.g. Kioa Island, Melanesian Community) Peoples Charter Promissory Oath Rabi Island Affairs Rotuma and Rotuman Lands (b) iTaukei Affairs Ministry of iTaukei Affairs Disputes Resolution -iTaukei Affairs Board Education and Training -iTaukei Development Fund Board iTaukei Affairs -iTaukei Fisheries Commission iTaukei Fishing Rights -iTaukei Lands Appeals Tribunal iTaukei Lands -iTaukei Lands Commission (c) Sugar Industry Ministry of Sugar Industry Sugar Reform -Sugar Unit [Note: * indicates the responsibilities and is subject to any provisions as to independence of office] 270 (d) Responsibility for all written laws regulating the following business of (a), (b) and (c) above including in particular, the following Acts and Decrees and the subsidiary laws made thereunder— Office of the Prime Minister Banaban Lands Act (Cap. -
WILLIAMS COLLEGE LIBRARIES Your Unpublished Thesis, Submitted
WILLIAMS COLLEGE LIBRARIES Your unpublished thesis, submitted for a degree at Williams College and administered by the Williams College Libraries, will be made available for research use. You may, through this form, provide instructions regarding copyright, access, dissemination and reproduction of your thesis. _ The faculty advisor to the student writing the thesis wishes to claim joint authorship in this work. In each section, please check the ONE statement that reflects your wishes. 1. PUBLICATION AND QUOTATION: LITERARY PROPERTY RIGHTS A student author automatically owns the copyright to his/her work, whether or not a copyright symbol and date are placed on the piece. The duration of U.S. copyright on a manuscript--and Williams theses are considered manuscripts--is the life of the author plus 70 years. _ I/we do not choose to retain literary property rights to the thesis, and I wish to assign them immediately to Williams College. ;,de('tlni~ this wili tn the lln~ III 1,0 '.\.n \tudem lunhor from later pUf!lishirig his/her \vorl-;: the studem would, however. need to contact the Archi ves for a form. 'rhe Archi ves wOllk! be li\~e ill this lU abo grant pel'nll\S!On small sections fruln the thesis. would thcr(~ be Hny iTl.hon for tlk /\rchives to gnm1 pe!.·IHI:SS!O!l to another party IU tlh~ thesis in its if sueh a situation amse. the Archive,; would in touch \\ith the mnhor to let them know that such request had heeu madt\ L~we wish to retain literary property rights to the thesis for a period of three years, at which time the literary property rights shall be assigned to Williams College.