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Fiji's Road to Military Coup, 20061
2. 'Anxiety, uncertainty and fear in our land': Fiji's road to military coup, 20061 Brij V. Lal Introduction If civilization is to survive, one is driven to radical views. I do not mean driven to violence. Violence always compromises or ruins the cause it means to serve: it produces as much wrong as it tries to remedy. The State, for example, is always with us. Overthrow it and it will come back in another form, quite possibly worse. It's a necessary evilÐa monster that continually has to be tamed, so that it serves us rather than devours us. We can't do without it, neither can we ever trust it.2 Fiji experienced the whole gamut of emotions over the course of a fateful 2006. The year ended on an unsettled note, as it had begun. Fiji was yet again caught in a political quagmire of its own making, hobbled by manufactured tensions, refusing to heed the lessons of its recent tumultuous past, and reeling from the effects of the coup. Ironies abound. A Fijian army confronted a Fijian government, fuelling the indigenous community's worst fears about a Fijian army spilling Fijian blood on Fijian soil. The military overthrow took place 19 years to the day after frustrated coup-maker of 1987 Sitiveni Rabuka had handed power back to Fiji's civilian leaders, Ratu Sir Penaia Ganilau and Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, paving the way for the eventual return to parliamentary democracy. The 2006 coup, like the previous ones, deposed a democratically elected government. Perhaps more importantly, it peremptorily sidelined the once powerful cultural and social institutions of the indigenous community, notably the Methodist Church and the Great Council of Chiefs (GCC)3 ± severing with a startling abruptness the overarching influence they had exercised in national life. -
2016 Country Review
Fiji 2016 Country Review http://www.countrywatch.com Table of Contents Chapter 1 1 Country Overview 1 Country Overview 2 Key Data 4 Fiji 5 Pacific Islands 6 Chapter 2 8 Political Overview 8 History 9 Political Conditions 10 Political Risk Index 42 Political Stability 57 Freedom Rankings 72 Human Rights 84 Government Functions 87 Government Structure 92 Principal Government Officials 100 Leader Biography 101 Leader Biography 101 Foreign Relations 104 National Security 109 Defense Forces 111 Chapter 3 114 Economic Overview 114 Economic Overview 115 Nominal GDP and Components 117 Population and GDP Per Capita 118 Real GDP and Inflation 119 Government Spending and Taxation 120 Money Supply, Interest Rates and Unemployment 121 Foreign Trade and the Exchange Rate 122 Data in US Dollars 123 Energy Consumption and Production Standard Units 124 Energy Consumption and Production QUADS 125 World Energy Price Summary 126 CO2 Emissions 127 Agriculture Consumption and Production 128 World Agriculture Pricing Summary 130 Metals Consumption and Production 131 World Metals Pricing Summary 133 Economic Performance Index 134 Chapter 4 146 Investment Overview 146 Foreign Investment Climate 147 Foreign Investment Index 151 Corruption Perceptions Index 164 Competitiveness Ranking 175 Taxation 184 Stock Market 184 Partner Links 185 Chapter 5 186 Social Overview 186 People 187 Human Development Index 188 Life Satisfaction Index 192 Happy Planet Index 203 Status of Women 213 Global Gender Gap Index 215 Culture and Arts 225 Etiquette 227 Travel Information 228 Diseases/Health Data 237 Chapter 6 243 Environmental Overview 243 Environmental Issues 244 Environmental Policy 252 Greenhouse Gas Ranking 253 Global Environmental Snapshot 264 Global Environmental Concepts 275 International Environmental Agreements and Associations 289 Appendices 314 Bibliography 315 Fiji Chapter 1 Country Overview Fiji Review 2016 Page 1 of 327 pages Fiji Country Overview FIJI Fiji became independent in 1970 after nearly a century as a British colony. -
Hon. Assistant Minister Iliesa Delana Hon. Alivereti Nabulivou Hon
Hon. Alexander Hon. Alivereti David O’Connor Nabulivou Hon. Mataiasi Akauola Hon. Balmindar Singh Niumataiwalu Hon. Samuela Hon. Netani Rika Bainikalou Vunivalu Hon. Mohammed Hon. Assistant Minister Mursalinul Abe Dean Hon. Viam Pillay Hon. Jilila Vijay Nath Hon. Assistant Minister Nalibu Kumar Hon. Minister Joeli Ratulevu Cawaki Laisenia Bale Tuitubou Hon. Alvick Avhikrit Hon. Minister Maharaj Timoci Lesi Natuva Hon. Mosese Hon. Ratu Hon. Prem Singh Hon. Minister Drecala Bulitavu Kiniviliame Kiliraki Hon. Minister Hon. Dr. Brij Lal Mereseini Vuniwaqa Parveen Kumar Hon. Jiosefa Hon. Aseri Hon. Roko Tupou Takeiwai Hon. Minister Hon. Minister Hon. Ashneel Dulakiverata Masivou Radrodro Senirewa Draunidalo Dr. Mahendra Reddy Semi Tuleca Koroilavesau Sudhakar Hon. Ratu Isoa Hon. Ratu Suliano Hon. Professor Hon. Minister Hon. Minister Hon. Ruveni Delamisi Tikoca Matanitobua Biman Chand Prasad Ratu Inoke Kubuabola Jone Usamate Nadabe Nadalo Hon. Salote Hon. Mikaele Hon. Semesa Hon. Minister Hon. Minister Hon. Assistant Minister Vuibureta Radrodro Rokosova Leawere Druavesi Karavaki Inia Batikoto Seruiratu Osea Naiqamu Veena Kumar Bhatnagar Hon. Anare Hon. Niko Nawaikula Hon. Ratu Naiqama Hon. Minister Hon. Minister Hon. Assistant Minister Tuidraki Vadei Lalabalavu Aiyaz Sayed-Khaiyum Faiyaz Siddiq Koya Lorna Eden Hon. Ratu Sela Hon. Viliame Hon. Ro Teimumu Deputy Secretary-General (DSGP) Secretary-General (SGP) Hon. Prime Minister Hon. Minister Hon. Assistant Minister Vuinakasa Nanovo Rogoibulu Gavoka Vuikaba Kepa Jeanette Emberson Viniana Namosimalua Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama Rosy Sofia Akbar Iliesa Delana Hon. Speaker of Parliament Dr. Jiko Fatafehi Luveni. -
Melanesia in Review: Issues and Events, I994
Melanesia in Review: Issues and Events, I994 A review of Solomon Islands was not Tailevu seat to SVT'S candidate, Bau available for this issue. high chief Adi Samanunu Talakuli. Rabuka accused his Fijian detractors FIJI of disloyalty and treachery and asked The first significant event of the year his people for a second chance. They came in February when the country responded. The Indo-Fijian side of the went to snap polls following the defeat electorate preferred Jai Ram Reddy's of the budget in November 1993. The moderate, conciliatory stance to budget was defeated by 10 government Labour leader Mahendra Chaudhary's backbenchers who joined 27 Indo more aggressive tone. Fijian opposition members to vote Back in office with a secure man against it. Sitiveni Rabuka's oppo date, Rabuka promised the country a nents had hoped to use the election to "stable, decisive, consistent and coher oust him from office, but they miscal ent" government (PR, 21 Mar 1994). culated. Confounding critics and dissi To that end, he resurrected a previous, dents, Rabuka and his party, the hastily conceived proposal to include Soqosoqo ni Vakavulewa ni Taukei the National Federation Party (NFP) in (SVT), returned to power with 32 of the a coalition government. The sugges 37 seats reserved for ethnic Fijians tion came in typical Rabuka fashion, under the 1990 constitution, and without consultation or prior discus formed a coalition government with sion with anyone, including his parlia the General Voters Party. On the.Indo mentary caucus. Neither his own party Fijian side, the National Federation nor the NFP knew precisely what Party increased its parliamentary Rabuka had in mind. -
Government of Fiji Gazette Supplement
269 EXTRAORDINARY GOVERNMENT OF FIJI GAZETTE SUPPLEMENT No. 22 THURSDAY, 25th SEPTEMBER 2014 [LEGAL NOTICE NO. 43] CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF FIJI (Section 92(3)) ________ MINISTERIAL ASSIGNMENT To : Rear Admiral (Retired) Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama Prime Minister, and Minister for iTaukei Affairs and Sugar Industry IN exercise of the powers vested in me as Prime Minister of the Republic of Fiji under section 92(3) of the Constitution of the Republic of Fiji, I hereby assign to myself in my capacity as Prime Minister, and Minister for iTaukei Affairs and Sugar Industry, the responsibility for the conduct of the following Government business, departments and written laws (subject to the provisions of any other written law)— Business Departments (a) Office of the Prime Minister Office of the President Coat of Arms of Fiji Office of the Prime Minister Commissions of Inquiry -Cabinet Office Constitution of the Republic of Fiji Honours and Awards Human Rights Commission* Human Rights Constitutional Offices Commission* Other minority groups (e.g. Kioa Island, Melanesian Community) Peoples Charter Promissory Oath Rabi Island Affairs Rotuma and Rotuman Lands (b) iTaukei Affairs Ministry of iTaukei Affairs Disputes Resolution -iTaukei Affairs Board Education and Training -iTaukei Development Fund Board iTaukei Affairs -iTaukei Fisheries Commission iTaukei Fishing Rights -iTaukei Lands Appeals Tribunal iTaukei Lands -iTaukei Lands Commission (c) Sugar Industry Ministry of Sugar Industry Sugar Reform -Sugar Unit [Note: * indicates the responsibilities and is subject to any provisions as to independence of office] 270 (d) Responsibility for all written laws regulating the following business of (a), (b) and (c) above including in particular, the following Acts and Decrees and the subsidiary laws made thereunder— Office of the Prime Minister Banaban Lands Act (Cap. -
Reflections on the Civilian Coup in Fiji
REFLECTIONS ON THE POLITICAL CRISIS IN FIJI EDITORS BRIJ V. LAL with MICHAEL PRETES Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] Previously published by Pandanus Books National Library in Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Coup : reflections on the political crisis in Fiji / editors, Brij V. Lal ; Michael Pretes. ISBN: 9781921536366 (pbk.) 9781921536373 (pdf) Notes: Bibliography. Subjects: Fiji--Politics and government. Other Authors/Contributors: Lal, Brij V. Pretes, Michael, 1963- Dewey Number: 320.99611 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. First edition © 2001 Pandanus Books This edition © 2008 ANU E Press ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Many of the papers in this collection previously appeared in newspapers and magazines, and as internet postings at the height of Fiji’s political crisis between May and June 2000. We thank the authors of these contributions for permission to reprint their writings. We also thank the journals, magazines, and web sites themselves for allowing us to reprint these contributions: Pacific World, The Listener, Fiji Times, Sydney Morning Herald, Canberra Times, The Australian, The Independent (UK), Pacific Journalism Online, Fijilive.com, Eureka Street, Daily Post, Pacific Island Network, Pacific Economic Bulletin, Journal of South Pacific Law, and Te Karere Ipurangi. Ross Himona, of Te Karere Ipurangi, and David Robie, of the University of the South Pacific’s Journalism Online program, were of particular assistance in tracking down contributors. -
WILLIAMS COLLEGE LIBRARIES Your Unpublished Thesis, Submitted
WILLIAMS COLLEGE LIBRARIES Your unpublished thesis, submitted for a degree at Williams College and administered by the Williams College Libraries, will be made available for research use. You may, through this form, provide instructions regarding copyright, access, dissemination and reproduction of your thesis. _ The faculty advisor to the student writing the thesis wishes to claim joint authorship in this work. In each section, please check the ONE statement that reflects your wishes. 1. PUBLICATION AND QUOTATION: LITERARY PROPERTY RIGHTS A student author automatically owns the copyright to his/her work, whether or not a copyright symbol and date are placed on the piece. The duration of U.S. copyright on a manuscript--and Williams theses are considered manuscripts--is the life of the author plus 70 years. _ I/we do not choose to retain literary property rights to the thesis, and I wish to assign them immediately to Williams College. ;,de('tlni~ this wili tn the lln~ III 1,0 '.\.n \tudem lunhor from later pUf!lishirig his/her \vorl-;: the studem would, however. need to contact the Archi ves for a form. 'rhe Archi ves wOllk! be li\~e ill this lU abo grant pel'nll\S!On small sections fruln the thesis. would thcr(~ be Hny iTl.hon for tlk /\rchives to gnm1 pe!.·IHI:SS!O!l to another party IU tlh~ thesis in its if sueh a situation amse. the Archive,; would in touch \\ith the mnhor to let them know that such request had heeu madt\ L~we wish to retain literary property rights to the thesis for a period of three years, at which time the literary property rights shall be assigned to Williams College. -
The People Have Spoken the 2014 Elections in Fiji
THE PEOPLE HAVE SPOKEN THE 2014 ELECTIONS IN FIJI THE PEOPLE HAVE SPOKEN THE 2014 ELECTIONS IN FIJI EDITED BY STEVEN RATUVA AND STEPHANIE LAWSON PACIFIC SERIES Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: The people have spoken : the 2014 elections in Fiji / editors: Steven Ratuva, Stephanie Lawson. ISBN: 9781760460013 (paperback) 9781760460020 (ebook) Subjects: Elections--Fiji Election law--Fiji. Fiji--Ethnic relations--Political aspects. Fiji--Politics and government. Other Creators/Contributors: Ratuva, Steven, editor. Lawson, Stephanie, editor. Dewey Number: 324.99611 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Cover photograph: ‘The Government Buildings in Suva Fiji’ by Stemoc. This edition © 2016 ANU Press Contents 1. ‘The People Have Spoken …’ ...........................1 Steven Ratuva and Stephanie Lawson 2. Shifting democracy: Electoral changes in Fiji. .17 Steven Ratuva 3. Chiefly leadership in Fiji after the 2014 elections .............41 Stephanie Lawson 4. Fiji Indians and the Fiji general elections of 2014: Between a rock and a hard place and a few other spots in between ....................................59 Brij V Lal 5. ‘Unfree and unfair’?: Media intimidation in Fiji’s 2014 elections ...83 David Robie 6. From the land to the sea: Christianity, community and state in Fiji—and the 2014 elections .................109 Lynda Newland 7. -
Pacific Regional Energy Assessment 2004
Pacific Islands Renewable SPREP Energy Project A climate change partnership of GEF, UNDP, SPREP and the Pacific Islands Pacific Regional Energy Assessment U N 2004 DP An Assessment of the Key Energy Issues, Barriers to the Development of Renewable Energy to Mitigate Climate Change, and Capacity Development Needs for Removing the Barriers FIJI National Report Volume 4 PIREP The Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme The Secretariat of the Pacific our islands, our lives… SPREP IRC Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Johnston, Peter. Pacific Regional Energy Assessment 2004 : an assessment of the key energy issues, barriers to the development of renewable energy to mitigate climate change, and capacity development needs to removing the barriers : Fiji National Report / Peter Johnston; John Vos; Herbert Wade. – Apia, Samoa : SPREP, 2005. xxi, 96 p. : figs., tables ; 29 cm. – (Pacific Islands Renewable Energy Project. Technical report ; no. 04). “This report is based on information gathered by a PIREP team consisting of Makereta Sauturaga, Luis Vega, John Vos, Peter Johnston and Herbert Wade”. ISBN: 982-04-0291-3 1. Energy development – Fiji. 2. Energy sources, Renewable - Fiji. 3. Energy research – Fiji. 4. Conservation of energy resources – Fiji. 5. Conservation of natural resources – Fiji. 6. Energy consumption - Climate factors – Fiji. I. Vos, John. II. Wade, Herbert. III. Sauturaga, Makereta. IV. Vega, Luis. V. Pacific Islands Renewable Energy Project (PIREP). VI. Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). VII. Title. VIII. Series. 333.794159611 Currency Equivalent: 1.00 F$ (FJD) ≈ US$ 0.56 (Aug 2004) Fiscal Year: 1 January – December 31 Time Zone: GMT / UTC +12 hours This report is based on information gathered by a PIREP team consisting of: Ms. -
TUESDAY, 7TH OCTOBER, 2014 the House Resumed at 10.00 A.M. Pursuant to Adjournment. MADAM SPEAKER Took the Chair and Read the Pr
TUESDAY, 7TH OCTOBER, 2014 The House resumed at 10.00 a.m. pursuant to adjournment. MADAM SPEAKER took the Chair and read the Prayer. PRESENT Hon. Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama, Prime Minister and Minister for iTaukei Affairs and Sugar. Hon. Aiyaz Sayed-Khaiyum, Minister for Finance, Public Enterprises, Public Service, Attorney-General and Minister for Justice. Hon. Faiyaz Siddiq Koya, Minister for Industry, Trade and Tourism. Hon. Pio Tikoduadua, Minister for Infrastructure and Transport. Hon. Parveen Kumar, Minister for Local Government, Housing and Environment. Hon. Mereseini Vuniwaqa, Minister for Lands and Mineral Resources. Hon. Osea Naiqamu, Minister for Fisheries and Forests. Hon. Inia Batikoto Seruiratu, Minister for Agriculture, Rural & Maritime Development and National Disaster Management. Hon. Ratu Inoke Kubuabola, Minister for Foreign Affairs. Hon. Timoci Lesi Natuva, Minister for Immigration, National Security and Defence Hon. Jone Usamate, Minister for Health and Medical Services. Hon. Dr. Mahendra Reddy, Minister for Education, Heritage and Arts. Hon. Jioji Konusi Konrote, Minister for Employment, Productivity and Industrial Relations. Hon. Laisenia Bale Tuitubou, Minister for Youth and Sports. Hon. Rosy Sofia Akbar, Minister for Women, Children and Poverty Alleviation. Hon. Lorna Eden, Assistant Minister of Finance, Public Enterprises, Public Service, Trade and Tourism. Hon. Joeli Ratulevu Cawaki, Assistant Minister for Agriculture, Rural and Maritime Development and National Disaster Management. Hon. Veena Kumar Bhatnagar, Assistant Minister for Health and Medical Services. Hon. Vijay Nath, Assistant Minister for Education, Heritage and Arts. Hon. Iliesa Delana, Assistant Minister for Youth and Sports. Hon. Mosese Drecala Bulitavu. Hon. Roko Tupou Takeiwai Senirewa Draunidalo. Hon. Jiosefa Dulakiverata. Hon. Viliame Rogoibulu Gavoka. -
Current-Affairs-English-May-2017.Pdf
Preface Dear readers, we have started edristi English edition as well since August, 2015. We are hopeful that it will help us to connect to the broader audience and amplify our personal bonding with each other. While presenting Day-to-day current affairs, we are very cautious on choosing the right topics to make sure only those get the place which are useful for competitive exams perspective, not to increase unnecessary burden on the readers by putting useless materials. Secondly, we have also provided the reference links to ensure its credibility which is our foremost priority. You can always refer the links to validate its authenticity. We will try to present the current affairs topics as quickly as possible but its authenticity is given higher priority over its turnaround time. Therefore it could happen that we publish the incident one or two days later in the website. Our plan will be to publish our monthly PDF on very first day of every month with making appropriate modifications of day-to-day events. In general, the events happened till 28th day will be given place in the PDFs. The necessity of this is to ensure the contents factual authenticity. Reader’s satisfaction is our utmost priority so requesting you to provide your valuable feedback to us. We will warmly welcome your appreciation/criticism given to us. It will surely show us the right direction to improve the content quality. Hopefully the current affairs PDF (from 1st May to 31st May) will benefit our beloved readers. Current affairs data will be useless if it couldn’t originate any competitive exam questions. -
Annual Report 2012
ANNUAL REPORT 2012 1 | Page Note from the Vice - Chancellor It has been a challenging year in many ways. I am thankful to members of Council for their confidence and support. The Chair and the 3- member sub-committee continued to provide advice on issues and situations. As I had stated, on assuming office, notwithstanding the challenges, the UOF provides tremendous opportunities to make a difference in terms of providing access to affordable tertiary education to all the people of Fiji. It has proved particularly attractive to those located in the peri- urban areas of Western Vitilevu. I have endeavored to position the University as a credible alternative in terms of providing quality and relevant education. I am happy to report on the unwavering commitment of the staff in our Vice Chancellor Professor Mahendra Kumar shared vision. We need the blessing and support of the Council and other stakeholders in the pursuance of our objectives. This reports records the University’s gratitude to the Arya Pratinidhi Sabha of Fiji, members of the University council and the hardworking academic and non academic staff. Hearty thanks to the Government of Fiji for their continuous support. I also acknowledge all the other stakeholders input and assistance. Professor Mahendra Kumar Vice-Chancellor 2 | Page Content Page No Topics Pages 1 Brief History 4 2 Council Members 5 3 Student Enrolment 6 4 Graduation Data 9 5 Staffing 10 6 Government Grant Acquittals and Scholarships 12 7 Schools & Centres 13 8 Marketing and Publicity 28 9 IT Services 30 10 Library Services 30 11 Research and Publications 32 12 Visitors 33 13 Master Plan and Physical Facilities 33 14 University Strategic Plan 34 15 University Events 34 16 Vice Chancellor’s Engagement 37 17 Conclusion 38 18 Financial Report 39 3 | Page 1.