Fall 2002 2 Table of Contents

American Judo A Journal of the United States Judo Association Fall 2002 2 Table of Contents

Letters to the Editor...... 4

Editor’s Note Steve Cunningham...... 5 Executive Committee

James S. Bregman Profiles President Virgil Bowles ...... 6 Homer Wooster...... 6 Michael L. Szrejter Vice President Committee Reports Thomas A. Layon Women in Judo National Corporate Connie Halporn...... 9 Counsel Jujitsu

James R. Webb Ben Bergwerf ...... 10 Treasurer Aikido Ed Wilkes ...... 11 George R. Weers, Jr. Electronic Services Secretary Tom Reiff ...... 13 Coaching Education

Board of Directors Chris Dewey...... 14

James S. Bregman Technical Notes Virginia Steve Cunningham

Virgil J. Bowles Seoinage is Neither a Shoulder Throw nor a Hip Throw...... 7 Indiana Adjusting the Angle of Attack in Ouchi Gari ...... 18 What is Kosen Judo? ...... 23 Steven R. Cunningham Connecticut The Safest Activity of All: Judo Stamp Collecting Eugene S. Fodor Ronald Allen Charles ...... 8 Ohio

George L. Harris Dojo Stories: Jim Bregman talks about... New Jersey Jim Bregman ...... 17

Jesse L. Jones California Kata of Judo Linda Yiannakis...... 19 Terry J. Kelly California From the IJF Referee Commission Thomas A. Layon Staff ...... 22 Oklahoma In Defense of Kano and Kano’s Judo Thomas V. Reiff South Carolina Steven R. Cunningham ...... 24

Ernest R. Smith Jujutsu: An Art and a Science California Ben Bergwerf ...... 27 Michael L. Szrejter Florida USJA Directory ...... 30

Patrick E. Szrejter North Carolina

James R. Webb Texas

George R. Weers, Jr. The photo in the upper right-hand corner of the cover is courtesy of Bob Willing- Illinois ham. Mr. Willingham’s photos also appear elsewhere throughout this publication. In all cases, the copyright remains with Mr. Willingham. Bob Willingham (c) Copyright, all rights reserved. His webpage is at http://www.twoj.org. 3 Letters to the Editor We invite our readers to talk back to us, to point out errors, and to give us feedback on the articles that appear in American Judo. We will publish a selection of your letters here. This column will be limited to discussions of the content of this publication. Send to [email protected]. Talk with the Board

In this column, we invite your letters and emails—discussion and suggestions—directed to the board of directors (and officers) of the USJA. When possible, we’ll try to get answers or reactions from the board. Send to [email protected]. Talk about Techniques

In this column we invite your technical questions and comments. Send to [email protected].

American Judo is a technical and informative publication of the United States Judo Association, Inc. (USJA). The United States Judo Association central office is located at:

21 North Union Boulevard Colorado Springs, Colorado 80909 United States of America and can be reached by calling 719-633-7750, faxing 719-633-4041, or by corresponding with this address. The USJA has a webpage at http://www.USJA-Judo.org and can be reached via email at [email protected]. We encourage you to duplicate this magazine in whole for distribution at no charge. Articles contained herein may not be reprinted wholly or in part, without written permission of the USJA or the current copyright holder in another publication. All items submitted for publication in American Judo are assumed to be original works, not submitted elsewhere for publication, unless otherwise specified. Articles should be submitted in machine-readable format when possible. Submissions may be made via email to [email protected] or by postal service to:

Steven R. Cunningham, Editor American Judo 58 Moon Road Ashford, Connecticut 06278 United States of America

Editor’s Note

Steve Cunningham, Editor-in-Chief and Technical Director

At last! That’s what I can hear you rich in content, so we’ve reached out to Please help me solve that problem by all saying. our senior people to provide that. Read- submitting appropriate content. Yes, the revamped USJA magazine ers wanted technical information re- The restructuring of the magazine is has finally been released. It has been garding techniques and kata, so we’ve not complete. We intend to add new an enormous task, and there are many included these from our technical di- sections and new regular features, but people to thank. rector and others. Readers want infor- did not want to hold up the introduc- You’ll notice that the magazine is mation on coaching and officiating, so tion of the new magazine any longer. now called American Judo instead of we’re providing up-to-date information So expect a lot more to come.. USJA Coach to reflect its broader per- from those areas. What about the senior The magazine is now a web-based spective. The USJA Board of Direc- instructors—the backbone of U.S. journal. Times have changed. Nearly tors recognized that the organization Judo? We’ve included “Profiles of everyone has access to the internet. needs a general magazine to communi- Judo Leaders.” In short, we hope you Distribution via internet cuts costs, cate with and among its members. find here what you have been looking reduces production-delivery times, and We heard your suggestions and tried for. allows for the use of full color. to respond. Nonetheless, it is your It has been difficult to put together By giving the magazine its own web- magazine, and we hope you’ll con- this first issue of the new magazine page, we have attempted to make ac- tinue to share your ideas with us. because of all the changes we’ve made. cess easy. This also allows us to pro- Readers wanted to know what is go- We had a lot of material that had been vide the latest multimedia content, in- ing on in the USJA and its committees, submitted to the USJA Coach that was cluding streaming video coverage. so we’re including committee reports. just not appropriate to the new maga- With this effort, the USJA hopes to Readers wanted high-quality articles zine. One result is that the editorial move to the forefront of Judo publish- committee ing. and I have Please note the letters columns and had to pro- feel free to write to us. We’re inter- duce a lot ested to hear what you have to say. more of the Our tentative schedule for the maga- content than zine is quarterly. We want to publish in we’d like to January, April-May (after the Nation- be produc- als), midsummer (after Junior Nation- ing. You can als), and fall (after the U.S. Open). The read that as USJA and related organizations often me saying hold meetings at these events, which that there’s a should help to provide us with news whole lot content for the magazine. more of me Feel free to reproduce the maga- in these zine and distribute to your students pages than and others in Judo. We encourage its I’d like for reproduction and distribution. there to be.

Profiles in Judo

Promotion Board, the USJA Jujitsu When he started Judo in the mid Promotion Board, and is a Master 1960’s he was already in his thirties. Rank Examiner. He is an active mem- After a short period of time in Judo, ber of six USJA national committees, he decided his goal was to be an in- and was named to the USJA Hall of structor, so he studied everything he Fame. could possibly get his hands on. He Not content with his knowledge of also went to classes anywhere that he coaching, he undertook the demand- could find them. He then realized that ing ACEP Coaching Program and in order to become a good teacher and achieved certification as a Master- coach he would have to start compet- level Coach. ing. All of this achievement is in con- Judo was quite different back then. trast to his refined personal de- The mats were hard and so were the meanor, and calm, unselfish attitude. throws. Injuries were plentiful. There He is a true gentleman scholar and was no masters division in tourna- Virgil Bowles warrior of the ancient tradition. Virgil ments, so he had to constantly play

Bowles is the model of achievement against Judokas 10-15 years his junior. Virgil Bowles is one of the most in the USJA and in Judo. [Text com- Homer could give an anatomy lesson knowledgeable people in the Judo piled by American Judo Magazine by listing his various breaks, pulls, world. Virgil didn’t take any short-cuts staff.] tears and fractures. The major advan- in getting to where he is today. Starting tage he had was that he was in great Judo in 1943, he is approaching his physical condition. His daily routine 60th year in Judo. Over those years, usually consisted of at least 500 sit-ups while keeping a low profile, he pa- and 100 push-ups. tiently, tirelessly, systematically built a His desire to teach led him to a small depth of knowledge and ability in Judo room (with a very hard black mat) at that few can match. the Waterbury YMCA. Out of this was Virgil holds 7th dan in both Judo and born the Waterbury Judo Club. Little Jujitsu, and is certified as at the “A” did he know the impact he would have level as both an instructor and as a on so many lives. Many Connecticut judge for all the katas in Judo! black belts started out together more He lives the judo philosophy of jita than 30 years ago as kids playing Judo kyoei, sharing his knowledge and tire- in Homer’s club. lessly giving to others in Judo. He was Homer’s classes are filled with sto- named USJA Coach of the Year in ries drawn from the richness of his ex- 1999, is a National Referee, a USJA Homer Wooster perience—stories of working out with Benefactor Member, and is the USJA such people as Ben Campbell, George State Director for Indiana. At the age when many people are Harris, Watanabe, Wong, Tae Soo Bowles-sensei serves on the USJA ending their Judo careers, Homer Moon, and others. Board of Directors, the USJA Judo Wooster was just beginning his.

6 Thousands of kids and adults passed so that your back can fit up against gate,” allows the thrower to bear the through those doors and all remember your opponent’s body, weight of uke across the entire upper him. One day while Homer was having (2) You turn your shoulders enough so back, reducing the stress on the shoul- lunch at a local diner, Governor John that both shoulder blades touch der and lower back. The lower position Rowland came in with an entourage. your opponent’s body. also provides a lower fulcrum for bet- Noticing Homer, the Governor ap- The first is why your instructors alter leverage, proached and introduced him, saying, ways told you “bend your knees!” The Seoinage is also not a hip throw. You “Homer was my Judo instructor when I second is why your instructors always do not load your opponent onto your was a kid.” told you to keep turning until you look hip or hips. It is not possible to load The members of the Waterbury Judo behind over your “other” shoulder. your opponent onto your hip when you Club and Connecticut Judo community When I give clinics, I often see stu- already have him or her loaded onto as a whole are blessed to have him. dents attempting to perform Seoinage your upper back. If you try to carry [Original text provided by members of as Figure 1, below. your opponent on your hip, then you the Waterbury Judo Club.] are not low enough, you are working way too hard, and you are attempting an older jujutsu throw called Seoi- Goshi (back-carry hip)—removed from the main Judo syllabus by Kano-shihan because it was crude and inefficient. Figure 3 shows the typical beginner’s high position and attempted use of the hip. Technical Note: Seoinage is Neither a

Shoulder throw nor a Figure 1. Open gate. Hip Throw The traditional phrase used to describe Steve Cunningham, Technical Director this is “the gate is open.” If the thrower attempts to throw from this position, it will require an inordinate amount of One of the most common strength, and the action will put a great problems that students have deal of stress on the thrower’s back in performing Seoinage is and right shoulder. that they believe it is “the The correct form for Seoinage is to shoulder throw.” This is a “close the gate,” as shown in Figure 2. serious mistake and leads Figure 3. High position. not only to poor execution, but to muscle strains and The more correct position is as demon- other injuries among older strated in Figure 4. In this photo, I am beginners. lower, and have fully turned my back The Japanese words “se- to uke—I’ve closed the gate. oi-nage” literally translate to “back-carry-throw.” “Se” refers to the back or upper back. The second character, “Oi,” means “to carry or support the weight”. “Nage” means “throw”. Figure 2. Closed gate. Thus, the name highlights a key ele- ment of the throw—you have to carry This allows the thrower to turn, rolling your opponent on your upper back. uke across his back. Notice, too, the You can only do this if: lower position. The lower position (1) You been your knees significantly combined with the “closing of the Figure 4. Lower position.

The Safest Activity of All: Judo Stamp Collecting

Ronald Allen Charles, Master Collector

With not a single recorded injury, cancellation stamped on the date of the office to reissue a stamp, thereby sell- judo stamp collecting has to be the saf- event may also represent judo, making ing more without having to design a est judo-related activity of all, safer some FDCs a triple treat for collectors new one. The Maldives post office ne- even than kata judging and referee- of judo memorabilia. glected to do its homework, how- ing! And now learning more about this Interestingly some African nations ever: Frank Wieneke fought for West non-vigorous aspect of our sport has must not have gotten word about Germany. become easier than ever. The USJA judo’s exclusion from the 1968 Mexico website is home to the world’s most Olympics. Chad, Gabon, Senegal, and comprehensive compilation of judo Togo, along with Yemen Arab Repub- stamps, coins, and phone cards! lic, issued stamps commemorating this There are even judo cancellation non-event. marks and preprinted envelopes and Gabon even issued a First Day Cover cards, plus a sampling of stamps and with a stamp depicting tai-otoshi on an phone cards depicting other martial envelope with the identical image arts. printed above Jeux Olympiques De Many judoka do not know judo Mexico 1968. stamps and coins even exist. This column provides information about col- To see 900 other judo lecting, along with some items for your stamps, coins, cancellations, viewing merriment. and phone cards, all of which The first judo stamp was issued, ap- are best viewed with a com- propriately, by Japan in 1953, long puter and monitor, head to before judo became an Olympic sport. http://usja-judo.org and click onto Judo Stamps/Coins. That is the scenic route through the USJA website main page. If you are impa- The United States won a gold medal tient, dash to http://usja-judo.org/ in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. ~judo.stamps and treat your eyes to a Yes, that’s what the attractive stamp feast of unusual judo stamps. from the Maldives says! This was news You will find animals, squids, birds, to me, too. The medal was won by and reptiles wearing judogi, some with Frank Wieneke, Gold Medallist, black belts. Perhaps you will recognize USA. This sumi-gaeshi stamp is an someone you know on other stamps. overprint of one issued before the You will see amazing, sometimes im- Olympics. So after Frank’s triumph, possible, techniques on stamps. To be First Day Covers are envelopes com- the Maldives just couldn’t wait to an- on the safe side, don’t attempt any of memorating a special event, some with nounce his gold medal win for Amer- these unless under the supervision of judo pictures and a judo stamp. The ica. Producing overprints allows a post an instructor!

Women In the USJA

Constance Halporn, Chair, USJA Women’s Task Force

[This is drawn from a Report from retention. females. Also girls’ strength peaks the Women's Task Force: Presented to Investigate customizing a sport cur- about 14, so teenage girls of equal the USJA Board of Directors 4/9/02.] riculum program for judo to target weight are not disadvantaged against When we spoke a year ago, I com- middle-school-aged girls through Girl women of equal weight and skill-level. mitted our task force to completing Scouts or Girls, Inc., and make it avail- The goals—retention, valuing, skills two objectives: able on request to head instructors of development. 1. A comprehensive survey of fe- judo clubs. Revise and disseminate a code of male judoka, with a compilation Recommend that at local tourna- conduct. (And find a way to enforce of results and a plan of action, ments they consider implementing two it!) and changes in how categories are assem- Recommend regular meetings with 2. Creation of a fund and con- women and girl dojo members to sciousness-raising poster enti- identify issues of concern and ways tled "Throw Like a Girl." to address them. The goals— I am happy to report that we have recruitment, retention, valuing, accomplished what we set out to do. safety. Survey. The survey was completed Implement incentive programs for and a comprehensive paper was writ- women and girls to join clubs and ten by Dr. Penelope Klein, a re- bring a friend or family. searcher from the University of Buf- Certainly these initiatives will bene- falo. Dr. Klein did all the work for fit both men and women, but the free to help promote Women in Judo. simple fact that women and girls as a Here are some excerpts from the group are under-represented at the report: dojo level, and in many cases under- Develop a brochure as help to in- (c) Bob Willingham (http://www.twoj.org/photo.html) valued. form dojo instructors, grass roots com- bled. The purpose of this is to provide The Poster Program. Thanks to munity. The goal—recruitment. In- more opportunities for equal competi- Tom Reiff and Katrina Davis, the crease awareness of the sport benefits tion. These recommendations are: poster is on the USJA website and is for women and girls. (a) Competition categories for ages being offered for sale. As of July 10, Promote Women and Girls in judo 6-12 should be gender-free. The girls 2002, we have sold 10 (not counting through by commissioning a tee-shirt will come up to the task, and the boys, what was sold at the Symposium), and design. The goal—recruitment and instructors and parents will learn to I am hopeful that more will be sold as community identity. The tee-shirt is to respect them; and time goes by. We are selling them for be used in local recruitment and reten- (b) Girls and women over the age of $25.00 a piece plus shipping. I am do- tion efforts. 12 should have the option of compet- nating the printing and shipping and Develop a continuing education pro- ing in limited-open categories that in- handling. gram for dojo instructors on how to clude weight-matched young men un- We appreciate any feedback from meet individual needs in the dojo in- der age 15. (Boys ages 12-15 who have interested parties: please email me at cluding creating a women-friendly not fully matured are considered equal [email protected]. dojo. The goal—valuing, safety, and in strength to age-matched and adult

Jujitsu Committee Report

Ben Bergwerf, Chairman, Jujitsu Committee

New Certificates. New USJA Jujitsu ported and where formal Division black belt certificates that rank testing, recognition and now include the Rank Board member certification are in place. names, and have the AMA references The only other martial art removed, have been printed and are in strain that at this time also use. Mudansha certificates will need to has an long-term USJA be corrected similarly. committee in place, and Replacement copies to substitute for where administrative sup- the inappropriate AMA certificates are port is provided, is Aikido. available at the usual replacement fees, At this time, other martial but require verification and approval art systems have documen- by the chair. The committee will re- tation filing support in view any requests for replacement cer- place, for the convenience tificate to ensure that all ranks issued of cross-trained USJA mem- have been approved by the Jujitsu bers in need of certification Rank Board. storage. Jujitsu Webpage. The USJA Jujitsu New Jujitsu Manual. The division’s web page is under construc- progress towards a third tion by Phil Rasmussen. The sample is revision of parts of the already accessible and will shortly be USJA Jujitsu manual (to able to be linked to directly from the include rank requirement recommen- it relies on free-time availability of too USJA Web site, through USJA Web dations for Yodan and above). Work few contributors. There is a perception Master Tom Reiff’s efforts. towards additional chapters or alterna- that the USJA does not support its Ju- Clinic Policies. A new policy for tive issues is progressing slowly, since jitsu division which has reduced the fees (the 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 option) and a enthusiasm of the USJA’s Jujitsuka tentative process for running Jujitsu JUJUTSU COMMITTEE and leaders. clinics has been formulated and was Ben Bergwerf, 9th dan, Chairman Our efforts to affiliate with the approved by the USJA BoD. Revised Virgil Bowles, 7th dan USJJF (United States Jujitsu Federa- details for the Jujitsu clinic process as Ernie Cates, 8th dan tion) have been blunted by their need defined by Dr. Chris Dewey, will be- Chris Dewey, 6th dan to duplicate rank registration fees, re- come available on the JJ web page Gregory Fernandez, 6th dan gardless of the USJJF providing a win- when both are completed. George Hamm, 8th dan dow of opportunity for reduced fees. Future of the USJA Jujitsu Pro- Dennis Helm, 5th dan Steve Jimerfield, 6th dan Nevertheless, several high ranking Ju- gram. The USJA BoD has confirmed jitsu members and USJA clubs have that Jujitsu is to be considered a part of Phil Rasmussen, 6th dan Tom Reiff, 6th dan selected dual membership in that NGB the USJA Judo curriculum, and will Billy Sharp, 6th dan for USJA Jujitsu. It remains to be seen remain as part of the supported pro- Ed Szrejter, 8th dan if the USJJF will succeed in attracting grams. USJA Jujitsu is the only strain Vince Tamura, 9th dan the majority of US Jujitsuka. of martial arts that is explicitly sup- Jim Webb, 5th dan

Aikido Committee Report

Ed Wilkes, Chairman, Aikido Committee

The USJA has formed an Aikido that exist today, it is important to re- Committee, which will also serve as member that there is only one true ai- the promotion board for the art in the kido. USJA. The committee was also The minimum rank requirements are charged with producing an aikido designed as guidelines to assist the sen- training manual to provide guidance sei in accomplishing their goals in for instructors teaching juniors and teaching the techniques within the seniors under the USJA program. USJA Aikido Division. It is our duty The committee members believe that as leaders in aikido to provide chal- technical excellence in martial art lenging and realistic martial Art train- training is one of our top priorities. As ing for all of our aikidokas. The USJA leaders in martial art, it is our sacred Central Office will do its part in pro- responsibility to ensure that all of our viding the administrative support when students receive the best possible guid- needed. All aikido sensei are encour- ance in both technique and philosophy aged to study, understand, and teach niques Illustrated, with photos and ex- in the study of the martial art. the techniques presented in the Aikido planation in detail for each technique Martial art training includes a body Training Manual. As of the date of this along with counter techniques. of knowledge, a basis for credible self- writing, the committee has completed The USJA Aikido Division would defense skills, and the objective of the the rank structures section of the man- like to accommodate all practitioners perfection of human character. A com- ual, with three rank structures—junior in the various styles of aikido in secur- prehensive program of aikido training degrees 1 through 12, senior kyu ing registration of their legitimate is the key by which we develop our classes 1 through 6 (in reverse order), ranks. To ensure the validity of these martial art proficiency and exercise the and dan steps 1 through 10—with ter- ranks, we require that all requests for many capabilities required in self- minology in Japanese and in English. rank registration be accompanied by a defense. Martial art training builds The next section to be added to Aikido photocopy of all previous rank certifi- character and, when necessary, pre- Training Manual will be Aikido Tech- cates to establish an Aikido history pares the aikidoka to better deal with folder on each aikidoka within the Ai- physical confrontations. While we may AIKIDO COMMITTEE kido Division held by the USJA Aikido provide guidance regarding the overall Edward E. Wilkes, Chairman Chairman, together with the completed direction and goals of training, it is the David A. Dye, Vice Chairman Aikido Rank Request Form, showing dojo sensei who ensures that every Damion Appodaca the dates for each rank. Arron Blackwell training activity or class is well Upon registration as a new member Joseph Caulfield planned and rigorously conducted. of the USJA Aikido Division, rank Sensei should always strive to increase Alan Drysdale James Garrison validation, as reflected on the photo- their commitment to an accurate and Shonen Garrison copy of the last aikido rank certificate comprehensive level of teaching and Edward N. Szrejter provided, will be entered onto the training, keeping in mind that technical Brett Mayfield USJA database records located at the excellence is a top priority. Moreover, Thomas V. Reiff USJA National Headquarters. No one despite the different teaching styles Glenn Webber will be promoted, or accepted at a

11 higher rank level, until reviewed and tested by a qualified USJA Aikido Ex- aminer of higher rank and/or the USJA Aikido Promotion Board. This proce- dure culminates in formal rank registration, and facilitates future rank promotions for the member. The USJA Aikido Committee real- izes that there are instances in which an aikido sensei has been teaching in- dependently, or have been teaching their own system for many years. Some sensei may even be hanshi or soke (highest ranked aikidoka in their own organization). In such cases, the USJA Aikido Division requires that evidence of quality be provided in the form of a written curriculum for the various ranks, and/or unedited videotape of the aikidoka’s techniques in the aikido style. There may also be a need to collect corroborating evidence by means of visual observation by higher-ranking members of the USJA Aikido Commit- tee. In other words, the Committee needs to be convinced that the described ranking system is comparable with the USJA Aikido Division national standards, particularly with regard to total time in grade in the various ranks. The USJA Aikido Division cannot and will not accept dan ranks awarded outside the time-in-grade schedule given on the USJA Aikido Application Form, nor will it accept rank promotions that are not deemed to conform to an acceptable standard.

Electronic Services

Tom Reiff, Chairman, Electronic Services Committee

The Electronic Services Committee Mr. John Baird currently has a copy Committees, as well as email lists for (ESC) has undertaken nothing less than of the FoxPro V2.6 database, and is the committee members. a complete overhaul of the USJA’s converting it to Visual FoxPro V6.0, Closed Chat Room capability is internet presence. Our objective is to analyzing the table and reports, and available for committees or boards to provide the USJA membership with will be submitting a conversion that discuss issues in a secure manner via the most complete, advanced set of can be run in parallel with the current the Internet and in the comfort of their web-based services in the martial arts. system for testing. homes. Online Ordering. Since last October, Online Membership and Promotion USJA Membership Statistical the USJA Web Site has changed host- Processing. The on-line membership Analysis. Statistical analysis capability ing services three times. I currently in and promotion (kyu ranks only) is inte- will be built into the upgrade to VFP hosted by OLM. This web hosting grated into the USJA Shopping Cata- 7.0. service provides not only webpage log, and is set up so only the registered hosting, but also email, majordomo, Coach of a USJA club can register new The Board of Directors wishes to FTP, SSL, MYSQL, HYPHP, shop- members or submit promotions. commend Mr. Chris Lester of the ESC ping cart, and other services in one Club Reporting and Searching Ca- Committee for his efforts. package costing less than $500/year. pability. The club reporting and search The USJA Shopping Catalog is up capability has been and running at tested success- fully. A new ver- http://www.usja- sion will be imple- judo.org/Merchant2/merchant.mv mented after the upgrade to VFP and this has been included into the 7.0. new USJA SuperMall, which contains Currently, the several merchandise features in one ESC is processing web page. The URL for this is electronic club rosters for the http://www.usja- membership. judo.org/supermall.htm These rosters are emailed to the club The merchandise web sites are up Coach or Secretary and running, and the central office staff on record. This has been trained on how to process process will be orders. automated with Membership Database. The current VFP 7.0. database has been repaired to the ex- USJA Commit- tent that it is stable, and backups are tee Support. Email done daily with weekly off-site archiv- accounts are avail- ing. able to USJA

Coaching Education Committee

Chris Dewey, Chairman Coach Education Committee

The Committee has undertaken to or presentation at USJA National USJI. revise the entire Coaching Education Symposium A design for USJA Coach Badges Program to meet the standards of the Accreditation. We are aiming at a was submitted to the Board of Direc- NCACE. The NCACE is the national folio presentation to NCACE by end of tors and was approved. Debbie Rucker accrediting agency for coaching 2003. This will allow us to present a and Gene Fodor collaborated to programs. When this is completed, the clean slate of coaches to NCACE. outsource the issue of a laminated USJA will have the only nationally Processing Applications. All certifi- coaching badge with picture ID. accredited coaching education pro- cates will be approved and printed by Debbie Rucker will issue the badges on gram among all the national Judo me. Approved forms and monies are my authority from her residence using organizations. then sent to Katrina Davis at the a laptop computer, a laminator, and a Level One Course. The level one Central Office in Colorado Springs. JPEG or other format of digital image course has been completely rewritten, To emphasize: no certificates are to of the coach. This takes pressure off of edited, and field-tested in Summer be issued from the national office. the National Office staff. 2001. It has been administered by When an application is approved, I will Course Equivalency. Corinne and I clinic, at camp and as a distance- update my own database and authorize have begun work on creating a USJA- learning course, and is ready for Tom Reiff to update the USJA website. USJI equivalency. publication. The cover design has yet List of coaches having completed The USJA problems are that our to be chosen by the committee. our program. All coaches who have Level I can be given to non-black-belt Level Two Course. The writing is completed one or more of our pro- students and we do not require CPR or done on this course, and the editing is grams are listed on the USJA web site. Red Cross First Aid until Level II. in progress. It not completely illus- Unfortunately, the list is not entirely Coaching Ethics. The Subcom- trated yet. The course was field-tested accurate yet—there are names on the mittee headed by Mike Makoid is at the USJA National Symposium in list that I do not have in my database. I building a coaching ethics model using June. (See the article which follows.). will need their information. The online several codes from a variety of Olym- Level Three Course. The outline is listing will be sorted by certification pic Sports and other Judo and martial complete, and the initial writing has level and expiry dates will be added. arts organizations. Our approach begun. We are aiming for Christmas Errors and omissions are dealt with recognizes that the goals of the USJA 2002 completion. We plan to test level case by case, as they are brought to my coaches may be more inclusive than three with project work, proof of attention. simply building competitors. performance and written essays. According to my records we have Level Four Course. The skeleton has 267 certified coaches and 10 currently been laid out, and promises of chapters taking courses. The 2002 USJA from some authors have been secured. Credentials and Coaching Badges. We hope to have this completed by All requests for credentials go through National Symposium summer 2003. me before they go to the national office Candidates will be mentored and for data entry. If you weren’t at this year’s National provide proof of performance with All requests for credentials for use at Symposium, you missed out! This student/tournament/school records. JI functions have met with complete year’s program was outstanding, with The course will be tested with a thesis assistance from Corinne Shigemoto at presentations that were informative and

14 thought-provoking. Lots of discussion, can Judo is going to grow, we must get day seminar on Sunday. Thirteen lots of ideas shared, and lots of fun! (and keep!) more women on the mat, coaches took the time to be present and We had a wonderful venue at the and we must find ways to utilize their worked together to create an excellent Crowne Plaza Hotel in West Palm knowledge and experience in our clinic. Beach. The prices were reasonable, dojos. George Weers initiated the Coaching there was plenty of room, and the staff Due to a last-minute scheduling Symposium back in 1999 as a vehicle was pleasant and helpful. Thanks go to conflict, Dr. Gary Berliner was unable for bringing coaching materials to Judo Mike Szrejter for making all the to make it to West Palm Beach. How- coaches in an open and seminar-based arrangements. We really appreciate the ever, Jim Haynes (who was instrumen- forum where discussion and sharing of time he invested in getting everything tal in setting up last year’s symposium) ideas would be the norm. Although lined up. stepped in—with very little notice— attendance has been uninspiring to After the opening remarks by Mike and did an admirable job covering the date, the Symposium always leaves a Szrejter, Dr. Chris Dewey gave a well- latest rule changes. He used Gary’s big impact on those who do attend. In received presentation on marketing notes to go by, and gave us a thorough the previous years we have met in Judo. If we want American Judo to rundown. Tulsa, Oklahoma, Lafayette, Louisi- grow, we’ve got to learn to sell it After lunch, Rob Colasanti of ana, and Houston, Texas. This year we better. Chris talked about the impor- NAPMA took the podium. His talk met in West Palm Beach, Florida. tance of marketing, along with a encouraged us to look at our dojos Our goal is to give coaches informa- variety of techniques that he has used from a business angle, which is some- tion that will help them to build their in his business. He talked about which thing a lot of us have never really dojos and help Judo to grow in the publicity tools are effective and why, done. His key topics included building United States. and how to get the most out of your a leadership team within the dojo, For more information contact Hope advertising dollar. effective management skills, diagnostic Kennedy, Chair of the Coaching Roy Hash followed up Chris’s talk selling, and delegation. Symposium Committee at 713-278- with a gold-mining session for market- Jim Bregman wound up the sympo- 9395 or [email protected]. ing ideas. This session was particularly sium with a frank assessment of where useful. Sometimes it’s difficult to come we stand right now. The prospects of up with fresh ideas for advertising your achieving any sort of unity between the dojo, and it’s good to have an opportu- national organizations are bleak. nity to hear what other coaches are However, rather than being discour- doing. Roy will be compiling the aged, we must see this as a call to suggestions made and have them action. We’ve got to get moving and posted on the USJA website. build the USJA into an organization to Saturday morning, Thom Layon be reckoned with. started us off with a presentation on For those who were unable to attend liability issues. This was most informa- the symposium, there’s good news. tive (and scary, too!). Our coaches Thanks to Leland Roth and his trusty need to know where they stand with camera, we have a videotape of this regard to liability, and this is a subject year’s presentations. I will be getting that should be on our agenda every the tape transferred onto CD-ROM. year. Thom also prepared an excellent The handouts for the symposium, written report for the handout which which also include an interview with should required reading for every Jim Bregman and an article he wrote coach. for NAPMA, will also be available on Next we heard from the Women’s CD-ROM. You can order the video for Task Force and Dr. Penny Klein, who $20.00, the handouts for $15.00, or analyzed and wrote up the results of both for $30.00. the Women’s Task Force Survey. Dr. The symposium also featured the Klein’s findings were enlightening and first field test of the new USJA Coach- generated a lot of discussion. If Ameri- ing Education Level II Manual in an all (Shiai)

Program MARKETING JUDO Dr. Chris Dewey BUILDING LEADERSHIP IN THE DOJO Rob Colasanti, National Assoc. of Professional Martial Artists GOLD MINING FOR MARKETING IDEAS Roy Hash GETTING JUDO INTO THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS Rey Tinaza GETTING (AND KEEPING) WOMEN ON THE MAT USJA Women’s Task Force Janet Dewey, Helen Scott "Scottie" Johnson, Hope Kennedy LIABILITY ISSUES Thom Layon LATEST RULE UPDATES Dr. Gary Berliner LEVEL I & II COACHING CERTIFICATIONS Dr. Chris Dewey CPR CERTIFICATION Leland Roth USJA HISTORY AND PROGRAMS Jim Bregman, USJA President

SCHEDULE

Friday, June 14 8:00 - 4:30 CPR - Leland Roth 5:00 - 5:30 Opening Remarks – Mike Szrejter, USJA Vice President 5:30 - 6:30 Marketing Judo – Dr. Chris Dewey 6:45 - 8:00 Gold Mining Session - Roy Hash

Saturday, June 15 8:00 - 9:00 Getting (& Keeping) Women on the Mat - Women's Task Force 9:15 - 10:15 Liability Issues - Thom Layon 10:30 - 11:30 Rule Changes – Dr. Gary Berliner 11:30 - 1:00 Lunch 1:00 - 2:00 Getting Judo into the Public Schools - Rey Tinaza 2:15 - 3:15 NAPMA Presentation – Rob Colasanti 3:30 - 5:00 History of the USJA & Closing Remarks - Jim Bregman

Sunday, June 16 8:00 – 4:00 Coaching Certifications, Level I & II – Dr. Chris Dewey

Dojo Stories

Jim Bregman talks about Shimizu-sensei, Sato-sensei, and Jon Bluming

Jon, Bill Backhus, Donn Draeger, day at Oyama’s dojo [Mas Oyama’s a solid practitioner of most. No kuchi- Ken Bush, and Bill Fuller and I were Karate Kyokushinkai-kan], he took on waza in this crowd. Doug Rogers also all students of Shimizu-sensei. Shimizu a line! One after another, they came hung out with us, weight-trained with was an unbelievable teacher and we out to fight Jon and he destroyed them us at the Kodokan and lived at the Ichi- became proficient rather quickly under completely and thoroughly. Jon was an gaya house. Doug was a silver medalist his close eye. Shimizu Sensei was angry fighter and extremely effective. in 1964 from Canada and one unbe- four-feet-something and could wield a The war fighter in him was very appar- lievable athlete and fighter. Many be- bo, naginata, kusarigama, and sword ent. He wanted me to try karate but I lieve that he beat Inokuma in the final. like nobody I have ever seen. The gen- really didn’t like it. I loved Judo and We would “attack” each other unan- tleman was a master of masters—kind bojitsu. I loved watching Jon level nounced—morning, noon, and night— and gentle spoken and a real samurai. these karateka, fast and furious, right except when we had guests, to develop Shimizu-sensei was “the main man” into the floor or the walls, non-stop, reflexes and skills. Nuts? Yes. Fun? in my book. A consumate gentleman, one after another, until there were none Yes. Funny? Yes! humble, direct, and totally 100% dev- who wanted any more of Mr. Bluming. For all of his toughness, meanness, asting in his waza application. We all hard talking and hard fighting, he was got very good under his guidance but at times gentle and a guardian. He and we could not come close to his total I clicked, and he watched over me to mastery of the arts. The thing about make sure the “big guys” only beat me him that always made me laugh inside up to the “proper point” and not be- was the thought of some big thug pick- yond. I always felt it was a little too ing on this “little” giant. late and not early enough! If he To look at him—and looks are really thought they were going too far, he deceiving—one might come to the would break in and beat the hell out of wrong conclusion that this guy is a them! I got pretty tough pretty quick. “wimp”. Baggy clothes, small in stat- And he mentored me in the ways of ure, sweet smile, shuffle in his walk, survival. So did George Kerr of Eng- gentle demeanor. The man was a 20 land. They had similar styles and ap- foot tall, 700 lb wazashi who could cut proaches to survival—took no non- your hair, fingernails, and beard off sense and were outstanding judoka. with a stroke and not touch the skin. They taught me how to get around the Shimizu-sensei was a “precision instru- judo scene and taught me to never quit. ment” that played fine classical The grey judo life was not easy. In the “music”. It was a privilege and an Kohaku Monthly Shiai, they would honor to have learned a few “scales” of typically drop three to six before tying those rich “tunes” in his dojo. and having to step off the mat. They Jon and I were friends and very Jon, Inokuma, Draeger, Bush, and I were excellent role models and I soon close. Jon was a “killer” to be sure. He all weight-trained in the basement of followed in their wake. loved to fight and he loved to win, and the old Kodokan building. Draeger Kano’s houseboy, Sato-sensei, who fight and win he did—frequently! One became an authority on martial arts and was somewhat mentally retarded,

17 would always be at the Kodokan. We a result, I have to be on top of him, all loved him and respected him, chest to chest, before I gain any real and he loved us and watched over us. control over the leg I am attacking. He made us practice and practice and This makes it relatively easy for him to practice. He was a kind, knowledge- avoid my attack at this early stage by able sensei who was a devoted Bud- pulling back his left leg. Of course, if dhist. Well, a Christian fundamentalist he stays put long enough for me to missionary in the Kodokan locker fully engage and start my drive for- room one night explained to Jon that Technical Note: ward, I will succeed anyway. The Sato-sensei was going to hell because problem is that I’ll never get there. he was a Buddhist and not a Christian. Adjusting the Attack Hayward Nishioka, I think, was also Angle in Ouchi Gari there at the time. In Jon’s smooth diplomatic fashion Steve Cunningham, (but somewhat loudly), he explained to Technical Director the Christian missionary that if Sato- sensei was going to go to hell, so was the Christian missionary going to go to The same students who work to come hell—and now! He started after the in low on koshi waza (hip throws) poor guy whom I think was an un- would be well-advised to do the same athletic sankyu. Somehow, I jumped in thing on some of their ashi waza (foot/ front of this guy and saved him. Jon leg throws). was totally worked up. He screamed at An easy example is found in Ouchi me to get out of the way so he could Gari (Major Inner Reap). In Figure 5, Figure 6. Lower Ouchi Gari attack. send this guy to his glory in hell. I below, I’ve just initiated an Ouchi Gari yelled at the guy to dress quickly and attack. I have not moved in for close In Figure 6, I have lowered my body get out of there and never be around body contact and started the big drive just a few inches. Now my entire body Jon again. He took my advice and liter- forward yet, but I’m reaching in for my is lower, with my head now at the ally ran—half naked with his clothes opponent’s leg with my leg. height of his nose or chin. The angle at streaming behind him. We took Jon out which my attacking leg meets his leg is for a beer and cooled him down. larger, giving my significantly better Jon was a Korean war vet, and I control over his leg at this early point think of him as a war fighter—hard, of the throw. Note that even though I cruel and an enforcer par excellence. am still as far away as I was in Figure Very simply put, he would beat the hell 5, you can already see my attacking leg out of anybody who was coming around from behind his left “disrespectful” of others. If you played leg. By the time my body closes into by the rules, hard and fast, that was his, I will have complete control over fine. But if you were a brute and brag- his left leg. In the meantime, he will gart—that was eliminated, and quickly. have a tougher time walking away He would crush them and brutalize from my attack. them until they either left or went Because I am lower, it is easier for straight. Figure 5. High Ouchi Gari Attack. me to follow up with other options. If I Jon was a great friend to me as a feel him slipping away, or if I am un- young man, taught me right from I’ve drawn in lines to emphasize a few able to secure a grip with my left hand, wrong in fighting arts, was a role points. Note that I am standing slightly I can drop further down and make kata model in a sense, and basically a war- higher than my opponent, with my ashi dori (single leg grab) with my left rior spirit. He was crude in some re- standing leg nearly straight. Ulti- hand while continuing with the Ouchi spects, like language, and gentle in mately, I’ll be driving toward my op- Gari—now becoming more of an some respects, like personal friend- ponent, but the straight leg makes my Ouchi Gake. ships. balance weak. Notice as well that the angle between my attacking leg and my opponent’s leg is fairly shallow. As

The Kata of Judo Part I of a Series

Linda Yiannakis in an interview with Steve Cunningham

The Kodokan today recognizes a gari in self-defense. Both kata, though, give a lot of insight number of official kata. What are Both kata were developed, I think, in into how the various strategies of com- the origins of each of these kata and 1888, and they were then modified and bat are applied through the randori what does each contribute to the standardized with two major revisions: waza. Sometimes the Gonosen no Kata complete syllabus of Judo? one in the summer of 1905 and one in is included among the Randori no the summer of 1907. This was in re- Kata, but it is not on the modern How many kata there are depends sponse and in preparation for the kata Kodokan ‘approved’ list, and was cre- on how you count. The first two kata and syllabus committee that Kano put ated by Kyuzo Mifune, tenth dan. that are typically taught are the so- together made up of various masters We also have Ju no Kata, which is called Randori no Kata. an old form as well. Ju no These are Nage no Kata and Kata is the Form of Ju, the Katame no Kata. Form of Gentleness or Sup- Nage no Kata is the Form pleness. It is designed to of Throwing, and Katame give one a feeling for an no Kata is the Form of engagement in which there Grappling. The kata are not is an attack, a defense, a specifically kata to teach counter to the defense, a you how to do randori, but counter to the counter, and rather they are kata made up so on, so you get this ex- of techniques that are also change back and forth, and used in randori. you get to see how the sup- The old Kodokan used to ple responses to each move- differentiate between ran- ment unfold. Because of the dori waza and goshin waza. nature of the kata, the at- Randori waza are techniques tacks and defenses are all that are appropriate for ran- quite abbreviated and the dori and goshin waza are principle of ju is high- techniques that are not ap- lighted. propriate for randori. Now that is not to from the Kodokan and from various Nage no Kata, Katame no Kata and say that the randori waza would not ryu that had agreed to help him. It was Ju no Kata were all constructions by also be used in self-defense. It simply quite an illustrious group of people that Kano. There are a lot of influences on means that among all the techniques, went to work on the kata and syllabus. the kata. Ju no Kata was not limited to those are the ones that one would be The Nage no Kata is attack-based Tenshin Shinyo (some give this as allowed to use in randori. and self-defense oriented. It teaches the Tenjin Shinyo) and Kito influences, so So for example, kote gaeshi, throw- principles in the context of strategies of it has a lot of techniques which we ing with wrist twist, would be a good combat. Katame no Kata incorporates more associate with other ryu. Kano example of a goshin waza. It is not le- techniques which are not directly ap- had a pretty rich background draw on. gal to apply that technique in randori. plicable, in most cases, to self-defense. We have Kime no Kata as well. But certainly we would apply osoto It has a little bit of a different feel to it. Kime is an interesting word. It refers to

19 some sort of decision. One can think of be preserved in the Kodokan syllabus. of self-defense to be taught in the it in terms of like a court decision, an So they’re carried forward in the public Kodokan. The most influential and adjudication where something is de- syllabus to demonstrate how the old probably the best known to us in the cided. And so there’s a sense of finality ryu are being preserved. West of those members was Tomiki. and decisiveness and a hint of a sense The idea is also that the basic sylla- Kenji Tomiki had been a student of of contract, as in the old duels. But it’s bus of the Kodokan—the Go Kyo, and Kano and had also, by arrangement of a form of life-and-death struggle. It at the Nage, Katame, and Ju no Kata—all Kano, studied under Ueshiba, of the one time was called Shinken Shobu no give you the foundation to understand Aikido school. Tomiki was also sent Kata, which meant the form of real Kime and Koshiki, but these operate at around to other of the traditional ryu, fighting. And so the form incorporates a higher level. They have more ad- by Kano, to people that Kano knew various weapons and what were real vanced principles and they are de- and had made arrangements with, like world attacks in the time of Kano. The signed to teach you things like strat- Aoyagi at Sosuishi Ryu (also pro- Kime no Kata was constructed by egy, ma-ai, riai, all these other kinds of nounced Sosuishitsu Ryu) and others. Kano but it is designed to embody the higher concepts. They are designed to All of that old knowledge was brought Tenshin Shinyo Ryu information, so it elevate you even more beyond these to bear in the construction of the mod- is a bit of a conglomeration of kata basics. So to do Kime or Koshiki with- ern Goshin Jutsu. There were earlier from Tenshin Shinyo Ryu. People who out first having a good grounding in Goshin Jutsu which are no longer prac- see it who know Tenshin Shinyo Ryu the Go Kyo and the Randori no Kata ticed. They were discarded, hidden are often struck by the similarity in and so on, would just be meaningless. away for various reasons, and there techniques. You’re totally unprepared to take the was a feeling that there was a need for Another kata is the Koshiki no Kata. lessons that these kata are going to pro- a Goshin Jutsu but the Kodokan Koshiki no Kata means the Form of vide you. wanted a modernized version. And so Antiquity, or the Form of An- that was why they called cient. Koshiki is essentially together these instructors the central kata of the Kito and asked them to construct Ryu school. this art. So this is designed It’s a very lofty form. It has to teach the goshin waza, a lot of ethereal context. Kito whereas the Nage and Ryu means ‘rise-fall’ and re- Katame no Kata teach the flects the yin-yang of Chinese randori waza. philosophy. It’s a very mean- An old kata that Kano con- ingful form. It focuses on structed in the 1880s was very high form art. The par- Seiryoku Zenyo Kokumin ticipants at this point are Taiiku no Kata. ‘Seiryoku thought to be above push- Zenyo’ is what we often pull, grab here, using lever- refer to as the principle of age, momentum and so on, maximum efficiency. It ac- and they move to a point in tually means to use your which they are expressing (c) Bob Willingham (http://www.twoj.org/photo.html) life energies in the most ef- themselves through the technique and Also in the Kodokan syllabus is the fective and most just way. ‘Koku’ is they are applying the techniques based Kodokan Goshin Jutsu. Notice that it ‘country’, and ‘kokumin’ is ‘national’. on concepts of rhythm and motion and isn’t called Goshin Jutsu no Kata. This ‘Taiiku’ is a system of exercise. feeling and that sort of thing. The Ko- is because the Goshin Jutsu is thought Seiryoku Zenyo Kokumin Taiiku is a shiki and Kime no Kata together are to be a plan of study of self-defense ‘system of national exercise based on designed to bring forward this knowl- techniques (goshin waza), as opposed the principle of maximum efficiency’, edge from the old ryu that Kano first to being formally a kata, although it’s and it is a kata. It is a solo kata, and it started with, the Tenshin Shinyo and often demonstrated that way. is one of the few solo kata that exist in Kito Ryu. They give a sense of what The Goshin Jutsu is a construction of Judo these days. It is made up of prac- the old ryu looked like. They also show the 1950s, when 21 masters came to- tice of atemi. This is a place to learn us an example of how the old ryu can gether to construct a modernized form the basic principles of atemi, the

20 punching and kicking and all that. Risei Kano about the time of the Ko- that they’re the most general, and that There is also the Joshi Goshinho and rean War. I believe that Risei Kano the advanced techniques are only use- the Kime Shiki, which are referred to as was an adopted son of Kano, and he ful in very bizarre, very unique situa- kata by some people. I don’t think the also wasn’t a Judoist. So the leadership tions, and therefore aren’t as valu- Kodokan formally treats them as kata in the Kodokan changed greatly from able—they’re very specific. When in these days. These were the construc- the time when Kano was running it to fact Kano, I believe, intended for his tion of Jiro Nango, who was Kano’s the later directors, and this had some art to operate in the opposite direction, nephew and who took over the direc- effect on the construction of kata, and that you would move from the specific torship of the Kodokan after Kano so on. to the general, and that one would died. He managed the Kodokan There is also a modern Renkoho, eventually learn to abstract entirely through the war years, World War II. which are arrest methods that they from individual techniques and operate Kano had been concerned about the teach to law enforcement officers. wholly on principle. And that that’s Kodokan being taken over by the mili- They are basically a dozen come- when you’re the most powerful. If tary as a place to train soldiers for alongs that are taught for controlling when somebody grabs ahold of me, if I combat in WWII. To that end, a lot of somebody who’s being aggressive in think, oh well, if I pull here and push the old methods of goshinjutsu were some way and hauling them off, and there and turn my body and sweep this hidden away and weren’t publicly maybe to handcuff them. There were way and do that, by the time I’ve fig- taught any more. And after WWII older versions of Renkoho no Kata as ured all this out and analyzed this on a ended, with the Occupation forces, the well, but they are no longer practiced technique basis, I’ve been thrown Kodokan couldn’t operate at all for a at the Kodokan. down. It’s over. But if I understand while. When it did operate, it was un- Also, there is Itsutsu no Kata. some overriding principle that tells me der some restrictions. And so the go- Itsutsu is an old way of saying ‘five’. that when something like that happens shin waza weren’t taught. Jiro Nango We think of ichi, ni, san, shi; but this is what you do and I just do it, constructed the Kime Shiki and the there’s also hitotsu, and so on, which based on principle, then I’m much Joshi Goshinho because he thought are an old Japanese set of numbers. faster, much more effective and there’s there was a need to preserve the self- Itsutsu no Kata is the Form of Five. much more sense to what I do. Kano defense techniques for the women, in It’s five techniques. It was constructed was trying to distill to a higher form art the Women’s Division. My under- by Kano as his sort of ultimate kata. It so that you could be elevated above standing is that he was not a Judoist at is often referred to as the ‘unfinished’ technique. That is where you want to all, and in fact, had his training in kata because the techniques are appar- be; you want to be operating at that Daito Ryu Jujutsu. But we forget that ently unnamed. Kano went to a lot of level, responding to the flows, the mo- the Kodokan was a center of martial art trouble to try to distill all of martial art tion, the rhythm of what’s happening, activity and not just what we think of into the minimum number of principles the pressures on your body, and not today as sport Judo. There were lots of that would be necessary to explain it. really thinking about individual tech- masters of lots of arts at the Kodokan. He thought there were five governing niques. That’s when you become effec- As late as the 1920s they were teaching principles upon which all martial art tive; that’s when you become able to wooden staffs (jo) at the Kodokan, so was based. It isn’t convenient to give defend yourself on the street. And there were lots of people there in dif- them a brief name, like the name of a that’s what this program is designed to ferent arts. There was a sense of pre- throw. But they are there, and they are do. It’s designed to take you to that serving certain concepts by making the underpinnings of the ryu, so they high-form art. them into this kata and then teaching it are quite important. Itsutsu is the high- in the Women’s Division. In the highly est kata, with only five techniques. Next issue: male-dominated society and unfortu- Kano thought that the art should culmi- There are other kata which are nately, even in the Occupation forces, nate. He believed that Judo moves not currently recognized by the attitudes were very sexist, and so there from the specific to the general. I’ve Kodokan, such as Go no Kata, Ippon wasn’t much consideration given to heard some people argue that Judo Yo Goshin Jutsu no Kata, Gonosen looking to see what they were doing in moves from the general to the specific. no Kata, and others. What are the the Women’s Division. So that sort of People argue that the early techniques origins and nature of these so-called thing worked out very well. like ogoshi, seoinage, and osoto gari ‘lost kata’ and why do you think The Kodokan was turned over to are the ones that have the most use, they are no longer widely known?

From the IJF Referee Commission

Staff

In recent meetings of the IJF Referee ily, this should reduce the number of tended downwards at the sides of the Commission, there are clearly recur- interruptions in matches. body.” ring themes—standards regarding ju- Collar thickness and width must be A player with long hair must tie it dogi, hair grooming issues, use of tap- also controlled physically, by collar back in such a way that it is neither a ing and bandaging, gripping, defensive size of 1 cm (3/8 inch) thickness and 5 negative to the other competitor nor an play, dangerous and prohibited acts cm (2 inches) width. Similarly, the advantage to themselves. The first time sizing, material, thickness. Here are other parts of the judogi must also be the referee calls “matte” to tie it prop- the highlights of the Commissions rec- controlled to permit kumi-kata. Specifi- erly should be “free”—no penalties ommendations. cally, the material must not be so thick should be assessed. The next time a or so hard as to prevent the opponent penalty of shido should be assessed. Size and length of the judogi, tying from taking a grip. Any type of rubber braces or elastic back long hair use of taping, brace, The IJF Referee Commission is also bandages or other material that give an bandages, etc. asking referees to more carefully en- advantage to a competitor is be prohib- force rule provisions concerning judogi ited. The judogi control personnel must The belt must extend 20 to 30 cm (8- jacket length (Article 3 (d)), “The check the competitors during judogi 12 inches) the knot, and must be ex- jacket shall be long enough to cover the control and with the referee making the final check prior to hajime. Note that violations fall under Article 27 (d) xxviii, Hansoku-Make--against the spirit of Judo.

Gripping (Kumikata) and Posture (Shisei)

The old rule, “Taking a high grip on the opponent's collar is regarded as ‘normal’ even if the hand is gripping on the opposite side of the opponent's jacket, providing the hand passes behind the opponent's head,” has been eliminated from the IJF Refereeing Rules. It is not consistent with the defi- nition of “normal kumi-kata” given under our new Refereeing Rules. The IJF Referee Commission is pressing for stronger enforcement of a (c) Bob Willingham (http://www.twoj.org/photo.html) variety of kumikata rules to reduce amined during judogi control. Because thighs and shall at a minimum reach to defensive play. It recommends, effec- shorter belts become untied more eas- the fists when the arms are fully ex- tive January 1, 2001, that:

22 “Normal kumi-kata is taking hold Prohibited Acts Some competitors are applying their with the left hand the opponents right knee to their opponent’s back with side of the opponent' sleeve, collar, A series of new restrictions have force in efforts to effect a turnover. If breast area, right top of the shoulder or been been created to reduce injuries. force or excessive pressure is put on back and with the right hand the left One of these is the prohibition against the back area by an opponent, then the side of the opponent's sleeve, collar, taking an opponent with Kata Guruma act should be penalized as hansoku- breast area, left top of the shoulder or and then falling directly backward. make according to Article 27 (d) back above the belt”. This rule has been clarified to include xxviii. Holding the bottom (end) of the Kata Guruma on the knees and falling sleeve by folding the sleeve end over directly back. Such attacks must result Technical Note: (whether on top of the arm or below in hansoku make. the arm) should be awarded a penalty Similarly, the IJF Referee Commis- What is Kosen Judo? of shido. A “pistol grip at the bottom sion reconfirms that “diving” is dan- of the sleeve” and “folding over the gerous and the rule of hansoku-make Steve Cunningham, bottom of the sleeve”, in all tachi-waza should be strictly applied. It does not Technical Director situations is a direct penalty of shido. matter if the competitor dives forward The so-called “cat’s paw grip” is ac- so far as to miss his head, or dives to With the rise in popularity of Brazilian ceptable if it is not at the end of the the side of the head. Hansoku-make Jujutsu (BJJ), there has been a resur- sleeve. must be strictly enforced. There have gence of interest in matwork and the Article 27 (a) i should be used, and been cases of severe injuries and even style of Judo called Kosen judo. Many the word “hold” should be changed to death as a result of such techniques. people have asked me to explain the “kumi-kata.” It should now read “To Turnovers in ne-waza--attempting or historical roots of Kosen judo and the intentionally avoid taking a kumi-kata turning a competitor over for osae- meaning of the term “kosen.” in order to prevent action in the con- komi-waza, etc.--must be done with “Kosen” is an abbreviation for test, the penalty is shido.” control and without putting excessive koto senmongakko, which is, in turn, a A one-sided grip is not “normal or pressure on the shoulder area. If exces- compound of two words— “koto standard” and the competitor has 3 to 5 sive pressure is applied, the referee gakko” meaning “senior high-school” seconds to attack or the competitor will must immediately call “matte”, and and “senmon gakko” meaning “profes- be penalized with shido. If a contestant keikoku should be awarded. sional or technical university.” continues to take an abnormal kumi- Kicking the opponent with no intent to Specifically, the term “kosen” refers kata, the time will be reduced from “3 throw seems to be growing. There is an to a network of prestigious prep to 5 seconds”, to “3 seconds”, and to a increasing incidence of kicking the schools and universities. It is analo- direct penalty of “shido”. opponent with no intent to throw or set gous to the American phrase “the ivy Hooking one leg between the oppo- up to throw, but rather to make it look league.” nent’s leg with no intent to throw. This like the competitor is active. At a mini- In the early 1900s, when rules for tactic has the apparent purpose of bait- mum, if there is no intent to throw, the Judo competition were taking form, the ing the opponent into a specific competitor must be penalized with rules that came to be used for inter- (counter-) attack. Since this is not con- “false attack”. Kicking the contestant scholastic contests in this “ivy league” sistent with our definitions of standard in order to injure the opponent war- tended to encourage and reward ne- kumi-kata, the competitor must attack rants a more severe pen- waza more than rules used elsewhere. within 3 to 5 seconds or the competitor alty. Specifically, the Commission rec- As a consequence, kosen newaza tac- will be penalized with shido. ommends that kicking the opponent tics became highly developed and re- Excessively defense posture most be with no intent to throw or to set up the fined. penalized. Note Article 27 (a) ii: “To opponent warrants a penalty of chui. If, So Kosen judo is not something dis- adopt in a standing position, after for example, one opponent is trying an tinct and separate from Kodokan Judo; kumi-kata, an excessively defensive ashi-waza technique or to set-up the rather it is one of the many varieties of posture, and the competitor must attack opponent, and the other opponent just judo within the Kodokan tradition. As within 3 to 5 seconds or the competitor kicks the other opponent on the shin(s), such Kosen judo could not defeat will be penalized with shido.” this will be a penalty of chui. Kodokan Judo, because Kosen judo is Kodokan Judo.

In Defense of Kano and Kano’s Judo

An article, entitled “Jigoro Kano—the your average Jujutsu master. To be founder of Kodokan Judo,” appeared admitted to instruction under Fukuda, in the Fall/Winter 1999 issue of the Kano had to be something other than USJA Coach, and is listed without your average Jujutsu student. author. The article attempts to attack Because of his position in the Judo’s technical superiority and its martial arts community, Fukuda was founder, and is filled with errors and able to provide Kano with very per- misrepresentations of all kinds, which suasive introductions to masters of build to totally erroneous conclusions. other ryu. Kano went on to study a The article seems bent on slander and variety of arts. Among these was the negative speculation regarding sinis- system of Ran of Kito Ryu under Tsu- ter motives. In what follows, I hope to netoshi Iikubo. Not surprisingly, it help set the record straight. was through his study of Kito Ryu The article mentions Kano’s that Kano learned about the principles study of Tenjin Shin’Yo Ryu Jujutsu, of ki-to, not from books. In fact, but attempts to make it sound as if Kano’s study of various ryu with most of his study was limited to leading masters continued throughout books. The unnamed author argues most of his life. One of my teachers that he studied books that discuss the told of going around to “collect” fundamentals of nage (throwing) Kano-sensei after all-night sessions opened his first dojo at Eisho-Ji through the principle of ki-to. This is with leading masters as late as the (Eisho Temple), a small Buddhist a gross misrepresentation, and a con- post-1900 period. I have also received temple in the Shimotani section of fusion of the facts. correspondence from one of the mod- Tokyo where he and his nine students Kano’s first teachers were Ryuji ern leaders of Sosuishi Ryu, a preemi- practiced in one corner of the main Karagiri and Heinosuke Yagi. Kano nent battlefield art, who recounted to hall. Kano did not retire to anything, also studied Seigo Ryu under a me a conversation with Aoyagi- nor did he retreat from life to create teacher whose name is not given. It is sensei’s daughter. Aoyagi was the his art. Rather, the same year as he well known that Kano studied with soke (patriarchal leader or grandmas- founded the Kodokan, he accepted Hachinosuke Fukuda and Masatomo ter) of Sosuishi Ryu at the time of three other major responsibilities—he Iso of the Tenjin Shin’Yo Ryu, but it is Kano. Aoyagi-sensei’s daughter viv- founded two other schools and ac- not so well-known that Fukuda was idly recalled Kano coming to practice cepted a professorship at another. He also a master of Okuyama-Nen Ryu with her father at his dojo. used his income from these other po- and Kiraku Ryu, and was renowned The article goes on to say that sitions to keep the Kodokan finan- for his ability within the Jujutsu com- Kano, armed with this cursory knowl- cially afloat. munity. Fukuda was so highly re- edge, was “led to retire to the solitude The article claims that Kano took garded, in fact, that he was chosen to of Eishoji Temple” and develop his the name of the Kodokan from a re- teach at Komu-Sho, giving private new art. This amounts to rather artful spected Shinto temple to add credibil- instruction to the Emperor’s family. spin-doctoring. ity to his art. The attribution of such This is all to say that Fukuda was not In February of 1882, Kano (Continued on page 25)

24 underhanded motives to Kano is so Given this naming convention, it is nese Ministry was well aware of rank much unsupported speculation. In easy to understand how Daito Ryu systems used in other activities and fact, there are several kodokans in can claim more than a thousand tech- made use of that knowledge. So? greater Japan, and have been for ages. niques. The author goes on to argue that This means nothing. None of these is Secondly, Kano was very vocal Kano targeted specific groups of peo- written like Kano’s Kodokan, but about wanting the Kodokan to be a ple as his primary student population. sound similar when spoken. “Ko” repository of Jujutsu knowledge, an In fact, Kano was rather open to in- means teach or lecture and “kan” archive for preserving all of the tech- cluding people from all groups, and means school, so it should be no sur- niques and methods. Judo was not to even taught women when it was prise that many schools have names be a subset of Jujutsu technique, but largely unpopular to do so. Kano did that contain these two words, and so rather the sum of all the worthwhile not even want to have students wear sound similar. techniques held in the various arts. the hakama (divided skirt) in every- The article points out that Kano Until World War II, weapons training day practice because it was a symbol did not invent the name “Judo,” but was widely practiced and studied at of the upper classes. Kano did work “borrowed” it. More spin-doctoring. It the Kodokan. Kime no Kata, Ippon to bring Judo to the public school sys- was in fact Kano who first made this Yo Goshin Jutsu no Kata, Koshiki no tem because he thought it could pro- point crystal clear, so as not to take Kata, and numerous Renkoho no Kata vide good physical education while at credit for something he did not can hardly be called “sport.” the same time offering a means for create. Kano said that such Note, too, that Judo was the developing moral character, fortitude, schools as Kito Ryu and Jikishin martial art of choice for the and other positive attributes. In doing Ryu had used the term before. It Japanese military and police so, he was well ahead of movements is for this reason that he told us organizations. Kano was very in the U.S. to put physical training that the correct name, the full specific about stating that Judo into the school system by 60 years or name for Judo, is “Kodokan was much more than a sport. so. Judo,” carefully named this way The article attempts to make it The article tries to make it sound to avoid confusion with other sound as if such kata were only as if Kano’s art is weak, calling it “a Judos that existed. included in Judo to give the watered-down version of jujitsu with The article goes on to charac- Kodokan some credibility most of the dangerous techniques re- terize Judo as being constructed within the Jujutsu community. moved for safety reasons.” This is from a “very limited number of In making this statement with- absurd. At one point, Kano remarked jujitsu [sic] techniques … modi- out any supporting evidence, the that “it looks as if we are going to fying them to allow anyone to author makes his or her biases have to fight everyone in Japan be- engage in the sport without in- very clear. Also, contrary to the fore this is over.” In doing so, Kano’s jury.” This just isn't true. claims of the unnamed author, Kodokan defeated nearly all comers First of all, most Jujutsu ryu do shiai was never a focus of Kano’s from all over Japan. Weak? not contain as many techniques as a Judo, and the preservation of the an- The author then goes on to make lot of people think. For example, Ten- cient Jujutsu knowledge was. the amazing statement that Kano’s jin Shin’Yo Ryu contains only 124 The author also attempts to fur- Judo achieved its early notoriety be- techniques, substantially fewer than ther diminish Kano’s innovations by cause of Aiki-Jujutsu. The author ar- Kodokan Judo contains. Many ryuha saying that his rank system did not gues that “it seems that Kano was not contain considerably fewer. Some ryu, come out of thin air. Kano’s rank sys- that good a jujutsuka himself” and like Daito Ryu, claim large numbers tem was not the first use of a rank that Kano employed “Daito Ryu’s of techniques—but this is misleading. system ever for any activity. It was Saigo Shido” (Saigo Shiro) to fight In Daito Ryu, a kotegaeshi performed never claimed to be. Rather, Kano’s for the Kodokan. The author goes on against a body punch is considered a innovation was the implementation of to say that Saigo was “not a student different technique than a kotegaeshi a new kind of rank system for martial of Judo but of Daito-Ryu Aiki-Jujitsu, performed against a face punch, arts. It was revolutionary to alter the who was adopted by Tanomo Saigo, which is considered a different tech- license system that had governed the the grandmaster of Daito-Ryu, and nique than kotegaeshi performed martial arts before Kano. Obviously, who taught him the secrets of that against a grab or knifehand attack. Kano, in his position within the Japa- (Continued on page 26)

25 (Continued from page 25) Takeda-sensei. Tonomo Saigo was great art.” considered a master of Oshikiuchi— There are so many errors in this household management. So if he paragraph that it is difficult to know taught his secrets to Saigo Shiro, they where to begin in correcting it. I’ll wouldn’t have been of much help in a address a few of them. fight! Was Kano any good at Jujutsu? Moreover, Saigo came to Kano a In May of 1879, Fukuda selected little before his fourteenth birthday. If Kano to be part of a small group of he was a master of anything at age 13, elite martial artists to give an exhibi- then he was surely a prodigy! He tion before visiting former U.S. Presi- came to Kano because of Kano’s dent Ulysses S. Grant. Given his posi- reputation as a Jujutsuka. He enrolled tion, Fukuda could have chosen any- with Kano as a student, and studied one in Japan to accompany him. He Judo until his departure in the late chose Kano. 1880s for personal reasons. At the We also have accounts of Kano in 1886 tournament, Saigo fought only action. It is widely known that the one of the fifteen matches, so could Kodokan defeated Jujutsu in a famous hardly have carried the Kodokan. The tournament in 1886. The part of this Kodokan lost no matches that day, so story that is not so widely known is Saigo’s one victory was just one of what happened in 1880. In 1880, many. Kano was a student at the university. In summary, the article published The Totsuka-ha Yoshin Ryu Jujutsu in the USJA Coach in the Fall/Winter school came to the campus to give an 1999 issue has no basis in fact. It is a exhibition. Note that blood oaths by corruption and a distortion of the all students of the ryu prohibit unli- truth. Judo students and instructors censed students from giving public should take great pride in their art, its exhibitions. So this was not a handful history, and its founder. The truth of beginners. After the exhibition, supports that pride. they invited anyone from the audi- ence to come up and fight. Kano— young, enthusiastic, and clueless to the protocols—jumped up and took them up on the offer. Kano did not realize that the offer of accepting challenges was largely a formality. Kano went on to defeat everyone there. He was 20. This loss of face festered among the Yoshin Ryu people and culminated in the tournament of 1886, when Totsuka-ha was completely and utterly defeated by the Kodokan. Was “Daito Ryu’s Saigo Shiro” brought in as a “ringer”? First of all, there was no Daito Ryu before 1900, so the rest of this argument falls like a house of cards. Tonomo Saigo was not a grandmaster of Daito Ryu because Daito Ryu did not exist before

Jujitsu: An Art And A Science

Ben Bergwerf, Chairman USJA Jujitsu Committee

WHAT IS JUJITSU? body. waza). When grappling on the The following are the broad cate- floor (with a single opponent), Jujitsu, the “gentle/yielding art” has gories of principles utilized in jujitsu. control the body movement until at times been misunderstood to be By no means is it a complete descrip- the proper authorities arrive or purely a method of self-defense. True, tion of all the options available. Most other course of action is necessary. it is an effective means of self- categories have sub-categories, down Never stay on the ground when defense, but it is much more than that. to the individual techniques. another attacker is in the wings. If The “ju” part of jujitsu has a 1. Use the opponent’s actions so, traumatize the one the ground, much deeper meaning in Japa- against him; redirect and util- get up and deal with the other at- nese than just “gentle, yield- ize his power. When he tacker(s)! ing, soft”, etc. It is a word that pushes, move away and redi- 6. Locks, leverage, torque and fold contains a whole philosophical rect. When he pulls, follow techniques (kansetsu waza). After concept. That concept can be and redirect. Make him go far- avoiding an attack, control further described as the ability to util- ther than he intended to go. aggression by locking, folding or ize an opponent’s aggression Change his direction to unbal- rotating an arm or wrist, or another and convert his actions to your ance him. body part. These are examples of advantage by yielding in the 2. Mental preparedness, the true mechanics combined with the direction of the attack. It can life force (ki), the inner knowledge of the human body’s also mean to redirect an opponent’s strength. Meditate after practice muscular, bone and nerve struc- force to bring about his defeat, either and before a fight. If not possible, ture. physically or mentally. allow your training to direct your 7. Strangulation/asphyxiation princi- Certain modifiers to the word ju- actions. Subconscious action is ples (shime waza). If your life is jitsu can define the position of a spe- better than conscious action. Go threatened, a strangulation cific style of the practitioner on the with the flow and believe in your (constriction of an opponent's ca- scale of “soft” to “hard” jujitsu—e.g., innate capabilities. rotid arteries) defense would be “combat jujitsu” will employ more 3. Balance. Maintain and use your justified. Asphyxiation (restriction power techniques and pro-active own balanced position to bring of an opponent’s air intake) does moves to defeat an attacker, whereas the attacker off balance. Then not kill immediately, but can do the softer jujitsu—akin to Aikido execute the appropriate action. serious damage or even kill if not styles—will try to control or dismiss 4. Throws (nage waza). After dis- released and no CPR (kappo) tech- an attacker. turbing his balance, dispose of niques are administered. Jujitsu forms the philosophy of him. Disturb his balance and keep 8. Pain reaction points. (Pressure on the mind and life of the participant as yours. Any action by an opponent sensitive areas, nerves.) The body surely as a child has his mind formed provides you with an opportunity has many points where applied by his parents and his environment. to utilize and redirect that power. pressure will cause a spontaneous All jujitsu styles use basic principles When he throws a punch or kick, reaction (e.g., release) by the at- to reach their goals. These principles move to utilize his imbalance and tacker. A thumb in the eye will are based on logic, physics, mechan- redirect him. divert his attention. An elbow ics and knowledge of the human 5. Holding techniques (osaekomi strike to he side of his head will

27 disorient him. life-threatening attack and a sim- dental defensive devices, e.g. the use 9. Kick/punch techniques (atemi ple scuffle. of a chair or a knife). waza). Vital parts. A kick to the b. To become familiar with the other knee or a punch to the throat, etc., TRAINING martial arts, to understand their strate- will dissuade the attacker to allow OBJECTIVES gies, weaknesses and strengths, and you to depart or perform a pre- be able to use these against those that emptive action. A serious student will need to make a practice those arts. How? Study at 10. Resuscitation Techniques commitment to the art that is akin to their dojo, learn how they work, adapt (kappo). CPR. Apply CPR to re- the commitment people make to com- and absorb, and use their specific suscitate an opponent whom you plete an advanced degree, except that styles against them if need be. have strangled, or revive a friend this commitment is a lifelong one. c. A commitment to follow the path who was strangled. One cannot learn jujitsu in just a few of jujitsu for a lifetime. There is no 11. Repetition of techniques for sub- months. The very best one can hope such thing as a short course to black conscious action (mushin). Prac- tice the learned moves over and over until you do not have to think about them anymore. This is probably the most critical com- ponent of the art of self-defense. No matter how skilled you are in a technique, unless you can do this technique without having to think about it, you allow your opponent too much time to react and abort your actions. 12. Combination sequences (renraku waza). Decision path for all options. Flow smoothly from one technique portion into another portion of a technique. Think on your feet and use the opponent's force, action or direction to redirect your own actions accord- ingly. 13. Constant improvement from quantity of techniques to quality of techniques. It is better to learn few actions well than to learn more actions poorly. Do not concentrate on the seven ways to defend against an identical attack. for then is to master a few mechanical belt proficiency. One has to put in Rather, select the one that suits “tricks.” To truly understand jujitsu one’s time! you best and master it. Learn the takes a lifetime of commitment. To reach these objectives, tech- options, then select techniques. In learning jujitsu, a student's ba- niques based on the principles need to 14. And finally, but not least: com- sic objectives would be: be mastered. Mastery can only be passion. Do not tweak the arm of a. To diligently work towards mastery achieved through training, both physi- the person who just pushed you. of all jujitsu techniques to defend cally and mentally. There are no short Do not exceed in defense the se- oneself without weapons against all cuts. A student should never miss verity of the intended attack. Rec- attacks, using skills learned and using practice. ognize the difference between a only one’s body (and sometimes inci- Quality demands repeated prac-

28 tice of the specific techniques. Re- proved technique, speed and power. petitive action trains the mind to in- Contest speed) teract with the muscles. Speed is IV. The final stage. Real world mostly a function of familiarity with conditions with qualified opponents. the action, and thus automatically Clearly, this process requires a follows the repetition process. partner who will fit in with your pro- Not all techniques are applicable gram. In the first stage, the basic to all individuals. What works on or learning requires that your partner be for a specific individual may not as close to your own physique as pos- work on or for another. It is important sible to help you slowly step through to recognize the limitations of a tech- the process. nique when different body structures In the second and third stages, (yours, theirs), strengths, speed and you will work faster with this partner, ability are involved. That is why in all and also exchange with larger or contact sports people develop their smaller partners. own favorite technique—a technique The fourth stage—real life attacks that works for them better than it by outsiders—cannot be simulated. It works for their opponent. is the real work and the final test of One should seek, train and master your training. We hope we will never the techniques appropriate and com- have to get to that part of the art of patible with the specific opponent and jujitsu, but it happens, and you should situation. Generally, if you are slight, be ready! do not over-train in power moves. If you are large, do not concentrate on speed actions that are limited by your own inertia. In almost all things physical, a distinct pattern needs to be followed to get the best results. The method of defense has three distinct stages, but not all are always used: 1. Defense: e.g., avoid the attack or extricate from the attack. 2. Control: e.g., stop the attacker from repeating an attack. 3. Compliance: e.g., apply pain to the attacker to make him follow your directions. The cycle of learning jujitsu can be divided in three sequential compo- nents, as follows: I. The step stage. Slow movement only, little or no power. Imprint the motions on the mind. (Learning speed) II. The fluid stage. Faster action, with moderate power. (Practice speed) III. The dynamic stage. Im-

29 The USJA Directory

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE BOARD OF DIRECTORS President...... James S. Bregman (VA) Virgil J. Bowles ...... IN Vice- President...... Michael L. Szrejter (FL) James S. Bregman ...... VA Secretary...... George M. Weers, Jr. (IL) Steven R. Cunningham ...... CT Treasurer...... James Webb (TX) Eugene S. Fodor ...... OH National Corporate Counsel...... Thomas A. Layon (OK) George L. Harris ...... NJ Jesse L. Jones...... CA OTHER KEY POSITIONS Terry J. Kelly ...... CA Chief Operations Officer...... Jesse L. Jones (CA) Thomas V. Reiff ...... SC Aikido Chairman...... Ed Wilkes (CA) Ernest R. Smith ...... CA Jujutsu Chairman ...... Ben Bergwerf (IL) Michael L. Szrejter...... FL Technical Director...... Steven R. Cunningham (CT) Patrick E. Szrejter ...... NC James R. Webb...... TX USJA National Headquarters (CO) George R. Weers, Jr...... IL General Manager...... Katrina Davis Data Entry...... Dee Dee Moore AMERICAN JUDO MAGAZINE

COMMITTEES (Chairperson) Steven R. Cunningham Aikido...... Ed Wilkes, CA Editor- in - Chief Awards...... Ronald A. Charles, SC

Camps and Clinics...... Gary L. Monto, OH Linda Yiannakis Club Accreditation ...... Raymond A. Conte, NY Senior Editor Coach Education...... Chris Dewey, MS

Collegiate ...... Philip M. Rasmussen, NC Frederick Spaeth Competitive Development...... Terry J. Kelly, CA Senior Editor Electronic Services...... Thomas V. Reiff, SC Intellectual Property Attorney Examiner Certification ...... Charles R. Robinson, CA Finance...... James R. Webb, TX High School...... Lee A. Wheeler, GA USJA CONTACT Jujutsu...... Ben Bergwerf, IL INFORMATION

Kata Certification...... Gregory L. Fernandez, CA Mailing Address Kata Judge Certification...... Gary L. Monto, OH 21 North Union Boulevard Law Enforcement...... Richard A. Fike, OH Colorado Springs, CO 80909 Medical...... Joel E. Holloway, OK United States of America Promotion Board ...... James Colgan, IL

Publications...... Steven R. Cunningham, CT Phones Referee Certification ...... Rick J. Celotto, CT Voice: 719- 633-7750 Standards & Ethics ...... Anthony M. Zimkowski, OH Fax: 719-633- 4041 Tournaments...... Jesse L. Jones, CA

...... and Terry B. Kozell, AZ E -Mail Women's Task Force ...... Connie Halporn, NY USJA@USJA - Judo.org

http://www.USJA-Judo.Org