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Approved Conservation Advice (Including Listing Advice) for the Natural Temperate Grassland of the South Eastern Highlands (EC 152)

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Approved Conservation Advice (Including Listing Advice) for the Natural Temperate Grassland of the South Eastern Highlands (EC 152) Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) (s266B) Approved Conservation Advice (including listing advice) for the Natural Temperate Grassland of the South Eastern Highlands (EC 152) 1. The Threatened Species Scientific Committee (the Committee) was established under the EPBC Act and has obligations to present advice to the Minister for the Environment (the Minister) in relation to the listing and conservation of threatened ecological communities, including under sections 189, 194N and 266B of the EPBC Act. 2. The Committee provided its advice on the Natural Temperate Grassland of the South Eastern Highlands ecological community to the Minister as a draft of this approved conservation advice. In 2016, the Minister accepted the Committee’s advice, adopting this document as the approved conservation advice. 3. The Minister amended the list of threatened ecological communities under section 184 of the EPBC Act to include the Natural Temperate Grassland of the South Eastern Highlands ecological community in the critically endangered category. It is noted that the ecological community is not listed as threatened in New South Wales and Victoria at this time, but occurrences below 625m are listed as threatened in the Australian Capital Territory. 4. The draft description for Natural Temperate Grassland of the South Eastern Highlands ecological community was made available for expert and public comment for a minimum of 30 business days. The Committee and Minister had regard to all public and expert comment that was relevant to the consideration of the ecological community. 5. This approved conservation advice has been developed based on the best available information at the time it was approved; this includes scientific literature, advice from consultations, and existing plans, records or management prescriptions for this ecological community. 6. The Natural Temperate Grassland of the South Eastern Highlands ecological community came about as a result of a review of the Natural temperate grassland of the Southern Tablelands of NSW and the Australian Capital Territory (listed as endangered in 2000). This review was conducted to take account of new information, and to recognise a broader distribution than was acknowledged in the original listing. 7. The Natural Temperate Grassland of the Southern Tablelands of NSW and the Australian Capital Territory was removed from the list of threatened ecological communities on 6 April 2016, but is still relevant to EPBC Act Part 9 and Part 10 environment approvals made prior to that date. Conservation Advice approved 31 March 2016 Listing effective 6 April 2016 Page 1 of 57 Approved conservation advice for the Natural Temperate Grassland of the South Eastern Highlands (NTG–SEH) ecological community Table of Contents 1. Description of the ecological community .................................................................................4 1.1 Name of the ecological community ....................................................................................4 1.2 Location and physical environment ....................................................................................4 1.3 Vegetation ...........................................................................................................................5 1.4 Fauna ...................................................................................................................................8 1.5 Key diagnostic characteristics and condition thresholds .....................................................9 1.5.1 Step 1 Key diagnostic characteristics .........................................................................10 1.5.2 Step 2 Condition thresholds .......................................................................................12 1.5.3 Additional Considerations ..........................................................................................14 1.6 Surrounding environment and national context ................................................................15 1.7 Area critical to the survival of the ecological community ................................................16 1.8 Geographic extent and patch distribution ..........................................................................16 1.9 National context and other existing protection .................................................................17 2. Summary of threats .................................................................................................................17 3. Summary of eligibility for listing against EPBC Act criteria .................................................18 4. Priority Conservation Actions .................................................................................................20 4.1 Conservation Objective .....................................................................................................20 4.2 Research, management, recovery and other conservation measures ................................20 4.3 Existing plans/management prescriptions .........................................................................22 4.4 Recovery plan recommendation ........................................................................................23 Appendices ..................................................................................................................................24 Appendix A – Species lists......................................................................................................24 Table A1. Plant species known to occur in Natural Temperate Grassland of the South Eastern Highlands ...............................................................................................................24 Table A2: Threatened flora and fauna species ....................................................................29 Appendix B – Detailed description of biology and ecological processes ...............................30 Vegetation dynamics ...........................................................................................................30 Examples of faunal roles and interactions ...........................................................................31 Appendix C – Detailed description of national context ..........................................................32 Distribution ..........................................................................................................................32 Relationships to national vegetation classifications ............................................................32 Relationships to state/territory vegetation classifications ...................................................32 Conservation Advice approved 31 March 2016 Listing effective 6 April 2016 Page 2 of 57 Differences to similar or intergrading ecological communities ..........................................33 Level of protection in reserves ............................................................................................34 Appendix D – Description of threats .......................................................................................35 Land clearing, modification and impacts associated with fragmentation ...........................35 Inappropriate grazing regimes and associated agricultural impacts ....................................36 Nutrient enrichment .............................................................................................................36 Altered fire regimes .............................................................................................................37 Invasive flora and fauna ......................................................................................................37 Other disturbances ...............................................................................................................38 Climate change ....................................................................................................................39 Key threatening processes ...................................................................................................39 Appendix E – Eligibility for listing against the EPBC Act criteria ........................................41 Criterion 1 – Decline in geographic distribution .................................................................41 Criterion 2 – Small geographic distribution coupled with demonstrable threat .................43 Criterion 3 – Loss or decline of functionally important species .........................................44 Criterion 4 – Reduction in community integrity .................................................................46 Criterion 5 – Rate of continuing detrimental change ..........................................................51 Criterion 6 – Quantitative analysis showing probability of extinction ...............................51 Bibliography ............................................................................................................................52 Conservation Advice approved 31 March 2016 Listing effective 6 April 2016 Page 3 of 57 Conservation objective: To mitigate the risk of extinction of the Natural Temperate Grassland of the South Eastern Highlands ecological community, and maintain its biodiversity and function, through the protections provided under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and through the implementation of priority conservation actions (see section 4, below). 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITY
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